Westwood Pissay Aff
| Tournament | Round | Opponent | Judge | Cites | Round Report | Open Source | Edit/Delete |
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| 0 - Note - Woodward | Finals | none | none |
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| Apple Valley | 6 | Valley RT | Chetan Hertzig |
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| Applevalley | 1 | Iowa City West ST | Zach Thornhill |
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| Apply Valley | 3 | Millard North AR | Rafael Li |
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| Berkeley | 1 | Denver East MB | Nethmin Liyanage |
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| Berkeley | 4 | Peninsula BD | Lindsay Van Luvanee |
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| Berkeley | 5 | Mission SS | Bennett Dombcik |
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| Berkeley | Finals | note | note |
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| Berkeley | Triples | Immaculate Heart JL | panel |
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| Heart of Texas | 2 | Marlborough JH | Derek Hilligoss |
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| Heart of Texas | 4 | Westlake AK | Joseph Barquin |
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| Heart of Texas | 5 | Harker VZ | Annabelle Long |
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| Jack Howe | 1 | Christopher Columbus NG | Brianna Lozano |
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| Jack Howe | 6 | Samammish LW | Lukas Krause |
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| Jack Howe | 4 | Westlake AK | Joseph Barquin |
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| Jack Howe | 4 | Harvard-Westlake KD | Anish Ramireddy |
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| Longhorn Classic | 1 | Carnegie Melon SR | Breigh Plat |
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| Longhorn Classic | 5 | Plano East AW | Isaac Chao |
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| Meadows | 2 | Ayala AM | Jada Stinnett |
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| Meadows | 3 | Immaculate Heart OV | Delanie Ness |
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| Meadows | 5 | Canyon Crest AK | Kabir Dubney |
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| Woodward | 2 | Shaina Sanchez | Srinidhi Yerraguntala |
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| Woodward | 3 | Marlborough MJ | Gordon Krauss |
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| Woodward | 6 | Marlborough YN | Omar Elsakhawy |
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| all | 1 | no | no |
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| Tournament | Round | Report |
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| 0 - Note - Woodward | Finals | Opponent: none | Judge: none none |
| Apple Valley | 6 | Opponent: Valley RT | Judge: Chetan Hertzig 1AC - Climate Strikes |
| Applevalley | 1 | Opponent: Iowa City West ST | Judge: Zach Thornhill 1AC - Climate Strikes |
| Apply Valley | 3 | Opponent: Millard North AR | Judge: Rafael Li 1AC - Disclosure AC - Climate Strikes |
| Berkeley | 1 | Opponent: Denver East MB | Judge: Nethmin Liyanage 1AC - India |
| Berkeley | 4 | Opponent: Peninsula BD | Judge: Lindsay Van Luvanee 1AC - Space Stations |
| Berkeley | 5 | Opponent: Mission SS | Judge: Bennett Dombcik 1AC - Space Settlers |
| Berkeley | Triples | Opponent: Immaculate Heart JL | Judge: panel 1AC - Space Stations |
| Heart of Texas | 2 | Opponent: Marlborough JH | Judge: Derek Hilligoss 1AC - Biocol |
| Heart of Texas | 4 | Opponent: Westlake AK | Judge: Joseph Barquin 1AC - Innovation |
| Heart of Texas | 5 | Opponent: Harker VZ | Judge: Annabelle Long 1AC - Innovation |
| Jack Howe | 1 | Opponent: Christopher Columbus NG | Judge: Brianna Lozano 1AC - Innovation |
| Jack Howe | 6 | Opponent: Samammish LW | Judge: Lukas Krause 1AC - Innovation |
| Jack Howe | 4 | Opponent: Westlake AK | Judge: Joseph Barquin 1AC - Innovation |
| Jack Howe | 4 | Opponent: Harvard-Westlake KD | Judge: Anish Ramireddy 1AC - Innovation |
| Longhorn Classic | 1 | Opponent: Carnegie Melon SR | Judge: Breigh Plat 1ac- egypt |
| Longhorn Classic | 5 | Opponent: Plano East AW | Judge: Isaac Chao 1AC - Egypt |
| Meadows | 2 | Opponent: Ayala AM | Judge: Jada Stinnett 1AC - Evergreening |
| Meadows | 3 | Opponent: Immaculate Heart OV | Judge: Delanie Ness 1AC - Evergreening |
| Meadows | 5 | Opponent: Canyon Crest AK | Judge: Kabir Dubney 1AC - Evergreening |
| Woodward | 2 | Opponent: Shaina Sanchez | Judge: Srinidhi Yerraguntala 1AC - Space Stations |
| Woodward | 3 | Opponent: Marlborough MJ | Judge: Gordon Krauss 1AC - Space Stations |
| Woodward | 6 | Opponent: Marlborough YN | Judge: Omar Elsakhawy 1AC - Space Stations |
To modify or delete round reports, edit the associated round.
Cites
| Entry | Date |
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0 - Contact InfoTournament: all | Round: 1 | Opponent: no | Judge: no Email: akhileshpissay@gmail.com | 3/12/22 |
0 - Note - BerkeleyTournament: Berkeley | Round: Finals | Opponent: note | Judge: note | 2/20/22 |
1 - DisclosureTournament: Apply Valley | Round: 3 | Opponent: Millard North AR | Judge: Rafael Li Voter:
| 11/6/21 |
JF - AC - India v1Tournament: Berkeley | Round: 1 | Opponent: Denver East MB | Judge: Nethmin Liyanage 1AC – Framing – UtilThe standard is minimizing material violence.Prefer: ~1~ Pleasure and pain are intrinsic value and disvalueBlum et al. 18 AND these circuits contribute to diverse pathologies, including obesity and addiction or RDS. ~3~ Extinction First –~a~ Forecloses future improvement – we can never improve society because our impact is irreversible~b~ Turns suffering – mass death causes suffering because people can’t get access to resources and basic necessities~c~ Moral uncertainty – if we’re unsure about which interpretation of the world is true – we ought to preserve the world to keep debating about it1AC – PlanPlan: The Republic of India should ban the appropriation of outer space by private entities.The plan is enforced both internationally with UNCOPUOS and domestically through enforcement and liability regimes – solves bestUNCOPUS is given power over private entities – 3 separate branches formed AND turn inspire the further development of customary and conventional international space law.236 1AC – Adv – India RisePrivate Sector is growing and key for space exploration growth – the ISRO is a facilitator not a creatorGill 21~ Prabhjote writes about technology, science and economics. Before Business Insider, she's worked with Tech Radar where she covered the newest gadgets and the most recent trends of the tech world. Business Insider "ISRO will transform in 2021 as India pumps big money to draw in startups for the 'second space age'" 2/4/2021 https://www.businessinsider.in/science/space/news/isro-will-transform-in-2021-as-india-pumps-big-money-to-draw-in-startups-for-the-second-space-age/articleshow/80683054.cms ~ aaditg AND space sector right now. Most of them emerged in or after 2014. Indian Space growth bolsters US relations and engagement with Quad – private sector engagement proves its reverse casualMohan 10/13 (Raja Mohan, a columnist at Foreign Policy and the director of the National University of Singapore’s Institute of South Asian Studies, October 13, 2021, Foreign Policy, India’s Space Program Inches Closer to America and the Quad, https://foreignpolicy.com/2021/10/13/india-modi-space-program/)//ww pbj + aaditg AND is to keep space navigable as the world’s commercial and military stakes rise. Indo-US space alliance antagonizes China – its perceived as a security threat and escalates tensionsHicket 17 (Cameron Hickert (Class of 2017) is from the United States of America, and graduated from the University of Denver. Space Rivals: Power and Strategy in the China-India Space Race August 14, 2017, Schwarzman Scholars, https://www.schwarzmanscholars.org/events-and-news/space-rivals-power-strategy-china-india-space-race/)//ww pbj AND this competitive dynamic, and as such must be deliberate in its approach. Tensions uniquely high right now – relations shouldn’t be allowed to sinkPollard 21 ~ Ruth Pollard is a columnist and editor with Bloomberg Opinion. Bloomberg "China and India Relations Shouldn't Be Allowed to Sink Any Lower" 10-11 – 21 https://www.bloomberg.com/opinion/articles/2021-10-11/china-india-and-pakistan-are-raising-temperatures-along-their-disputed-borders ~ aaditg AND since the border war of 1962 or if there’s still further to fall. India China war escalates nuclear.Mizokami ’21 ~Kyle Mizokami, 1-16-2021, "A Chinese-Indian Nuclear War Would Ruin the Whole Planet," National Interest, https://nationalinterest.org/blog/reboot/chinese-indian-nuclear-war-would-ruin-whole-planet-176573~~ akhileshp AND more than fifty years. We can only hope it stays that way. Nuclear war causes extinction through winter, firestorms, EMP blasts, ozone damage, and meltdowns-Immediate death -Climate destruction spurring an ice age (Nuclear winter) via nuclear firestorms and smoke -Ozone collapses -2 Billion insta-die in famine -kills biodiversity -Meltdowns and grid collapse via EMPs -Remaining fallout AND commenced, especially if nuclear weapons had already been used on the battlefield. 1AC – Adv— Space MilitarizationIndia space privatizing now – government development has been too slow; but that causes militarization– the government believes it needs to defend its private assetsNanda 10/13 (Prakash Nanda has been commenting on politics, foreign policy on strategic affairs for nearly three decades. A former National Fellow of the Indian Council for Historical Research and recipient of the Seoul Peace Prize Scholarship, he is also a Distinguished Fellow at the Institute of Peace and Conflict Studies. October 13, 2021, As India Opens Up Space, How ISRO Could Help Indian Air Force Become An Aerospace Superpower, Eurasian Times, Prime Minister Narendra Modi on October 11 launched the Indian Space Association (ISpA) – the premier industry association of space and satellite companies. https://eurasiantimes.com/as-india-opens-up-space-how-isro-could-help-indian-air-force-become-an-aerospace-superpower/)//ww pbj AND that such a network will be a reality, sooner rather than later. Indian Space Militarization incentivizes Chinese space race destabilizing the space order, increases tensions with Pakistan, and shreds NFU. Reject internal link defense – it doesn’t take into account Modi’s lash out strategies for political gainGettleman and Kumar 19 ~Jeffrey Gettleman, a winner of the Pulitzer Prize in 2012 for international reporting, is The Times’s South Asia bureau chief; and Hari Kumar, reporter in the New Delhi bureau of The New York Times. 3-27-2019. India Shot Down a Satellite, Modi Says, Shifting Balance of Power in Asia. No Publication. https://www.nytimes.com/2019/03/27/world/asia/india-weather-satellite-missle.html?auth=login-emailandlogin=email.~~ aaditg AND , was that satellite technology had become "the backbone of global communication." Two scenarios:~1~ Indo-PakIndia Pakistan tensions are high – any attempt at reform is one step forward, three steps backPTI 12/24 ~ The Press Trust of India Ltd., commonly known as PTI, is the largest news agency in India. It is headquartered in New Delhi and is a nonprofit cooperative among more than 500 Indian newspapers 12-24-2021 East Mojo "India-Pakistan ties: Too near yet far apart" https://www.eastmojo.com/national/2021/12/24/india-pakistan-ties-too-near-yet-far-apart/ ~ aaditg AND appeal in Islamabad High Court against his conviction by a Pakistani military court. NFU uniquely likely to shred since Pakistan has no space militarization goalsBano 20 ~ Sher Bano is working as a Research Affiliate at the Strategic Vision Institute (SVI), a non-partisan think-tank based out of Islamabad, Pakistan. "Modern Diplomacy Indian Militarization of Outer Space: Security Implications For Pakistan" Aug 29, 2020 https://moderndiplomacy.eu/2020/08/29/indian-militarization-of-outer-space-security-implications-for-pakistan/ ~ aaditg AND a position to use its ASAT capability to disturb the satellite communications and intelligence | 2/19/22 |
JF - AC - Space Stations v4Tournament: Woodward | Round: 2 | Opponent: Shaina Sanchez | Judge: Srinidhi Yerraguntala 1acFramingThe standard is minimizing existential risk.Extinction outweigh:~1~ Extinction First –~a~ Forecloses future improvement – we can never improve society because our impact is irreversible~b~ Turns suffering – mass death causes suffering because people can’t get access to resources and basic necessities~c~ Moral uncertainty – if we’re unsure about which interpretation of the world is true – we ought to preserve the world to keep debating about it~2~ Complacency goes neg – academics and the wider public actively discount the probability AND magnitude of existential risks – only giving them extra attention in debate solves – that means our impact outweighs even in we lose the rest of framingJavorsky 18 ~Emilia Javorsky is a Boston-based physician-scientist focused on the invention, development and commercialization of new medical therapies. She also leads an Artificial Intelligence in Medicine initiative with The Future Society at the Harvard Kennedy School of Government. Why Human Extinction Needs a Marketing Department. January 15, 2018. https://www.xconomy.com/boston/2018/01/15/why-human-extinction-needs-a-marketing-department/~~ AND The first step is getting an audience to pay attention to this issue. PlanPlan: Private entities should not appropriate outer space via commercial space stations that replace the International Space Station.AdvantageThe ISS is retiring and being replaced solely by the private sector – extension reverse causally stops privatizationHeilwell 12/03 ~Rebecca, reporter for Open Sourced, covering emerging technologies, artificial intelligence, and logistics, "NASA gave Jeff Bezos money to build his office park in space", Updated 12-03-2021 (I couldn’t find the original publishing date – this is the only one that showed up on the website – if you can please lmk), Vox Recode, https://www.vox.com/recode/2021/10/27/22747509/blue-origin-orbital-reef-office-park-bezos~~//pranav AND , but both vehicles have yet to conduct a problem-free spaceflight. Private-Public partnerships owned by NASA replace the ISS better and are coming nowJones ’18 ~Karen, a senior project leader with The Aerospace Corporation’s Center for Space Policy and Strategy. She has experience and expertise in the disciplines of technology strategy, program evaluation, and regulatory and policy analysis spanning the public sector, telecommunications, space, aerospace defense, energy, and environmental industries. She is a former management consultant with IBM Global Services and Arthur D. Little and has an M.B.A. from the Yale School of Management, "PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNERSHIPS: STIMULATING INNOVATION IN THE SPACE SECTOR", April 2018, Center for Space Policy and Strategy, https://aerospace.org/sites/default/files/2018-06/Partnerships'Rev'5-4-18.pdf~~//pranav AND this would shift the business model from a P3 model to full privatization. Public control of commercial space stations solves all neg offense – OST provesSmith ’79 ~Delbert D., Legal Advisor for the Space Science and Engineering Center of the University of Wisconsin, "Space Stations International Law and Policy", October 30, 1979, https://www.google.com/books/edition/Space'Stations'International'Law'And'Pol/4U2fDwAAQBAJ?hl=enandgbpv=0andkptab=overview~~//pranav AND regarding the exemption of an organization composed of a limited number of governments. The path to space is "not…one or the other", but rather P3 cooperation that brings new governments into the fold and decreases financial constraints.Smith ’21 (Yes this is a 3rd different Smith card) ~Fisher, second year law student at the University of Mississippi where he is currently part of the Space Law concentration. Additionally, he is part of the Ole Miss Trial Advocacy Board and a junior staff editor on the Air and Space Law Journal at the university, "Public-Private Partnerships: The Way to Space", 03-31-2021, NSS, https://space.nss.org/public-private-partnerships-the-way-to-space/~~//pranav AND companies, will ensure that we continue to push our boundaries into space. Only P3 reinvigorates multilateralism – brings new governments into the arenaSmith ’18 ~Milton, Air Force Academy graduate with a doctorate in air and space law, Skip is a former Air Force JAG who held several significant leadership positions during his Air Force career, including director of space law at Space Command and chief of air and space law for the Air Force. He also served in Geneva as the legal advisor of the 50-person U.S. Delegation at the ITU Conference on the Geostationary Satellite Orbit. A past chair of the Colorado Space Business Roundtable, Skip is on the board of the International Institute of Space Law. He has served as an adjunct professor of space law at the University of Colorado Law School, the George Washington University Law School, and currently teaches commercial space law at the University of Denver Law School. Regarded as a leader in the field, Skip has received numerous honors, including the Lifetime Achievement Award from the International Institute of Space Law. Skip was selected to author the United States chapter in the inaugural edition of the "Space Law Review," a series published by The Law Reviews. He is the author of six space-related law review articles and of a book on the international regulation of satellite communication. Skip speaks nationally and internationally on commercial space law issues., "Op-ed | P3 or not P3: What can space ventures learn from terrestrial infrastructure projects?", 04-19-2018, Space News, https://spacenews.com/op-ed-p3-or-not-p3-what-can-space-ventures-learn-from-terrestrial-infrastructure-projects/~~//pranav AND . Policies, including National Space Policies, often change with new administrations. Militarization is inevitable, but reinvigorating space multilateralism, solves future militarization that spills over into conflict – brings revisionist powers to the table.Mason ’21 ~Paul, author of several books, and a visiting professor at the University of Wolverhampton, "How to halt the space arms race", 11-17-2021, New Statesman, https://www.newstatesman.com/comment/2021/11/how-to-halt-the-space-arms-race~~//pranav AND promoting the first real debate at the UN over a new space treaty. Weaponization of space and dual-use tech results in unsustainable arms races and causes a laundry list of impacts – alternative measures to check weaponization are NOT mutually exclusive with the affOrtega et al. ’21 ~ALMUDENA AZCÁRATE ORTEGA - associate researcher, John Borrie - senior research fellow, James Revill - program lead of the Weapons of Mass Destruction and Other Strategic Weapons Programme of the United Nations Institute for Disarmament Research, "Star Wars: the not-so-phantom menace", 05-12-2021, https://english.elpais.com/opinion/2021-05-12/star-wars-the-not-so-phantom-menace.html~~//pranav *modified for ableist language* AND conflict, thus keeping Star Wars firmly in the realm of science fiction. Goes nuclear – great powers are developing nukes for new territorial conflicts in spaceTisdall ’20 ~Simon, foreign affairs commentator. He has been a foreign leader writer, foreign editor and US editor for the Guardian, "A nuclear arms race in space? It seems we've learned nothing from Hiroshima", 08-02-2020, The Guardian, https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2020/aug/02/a-nuclear-arms-race-in-space-it-seems-weve-learned-nothing-from-hiroshima~~//pranav AND , and a shifting economic and geopolitical power balance are all aggravating factors. Causes extinction through winter, firestorms, EMP blasts, ozone damage, and meltdowns-Immediate death -Climate destruction spurring an ice age (Nuclear winter) via nuclear firestorms and smoke -Ozone collapses -2 Billion insta-die in famine -kills biodiversity -Meltdowns and grid collapse via EMPs -Remaining fallout AND commenced, especially if nuclear weapons had already been used on the battlefield. Privatization alone fails – they’re unproven, decades away, and underestimate ISS resiliencyDavenport ’20 ~Christian, covers NASA and the space industry for The Washington Post's Financial desk. He joined The Post in 2000 and has served as an editor on the Metro desk and as a reporter covering military affairs. He is the author of "The Space Barons: Elon Musk, Jeff Bezos and the Quest to Colonize the Cosmos", "The International Space Station can’t stay up there forever. Will privately run, commercial replacements be ready in time?", 12-23-2020, The Washington Post, https://www.washingtonpost.com/technology/2020/12/23/space-station-replace-biden/?outputType=amp~~//pranav AND also been upgraded, as have life support systems like carbon dioxide removal. 1AC – Underview1~ 1AR theory is legit – anything else means infinite abuse – drop the debater – 1AR is too short to make up for the time trade-off – no RVIs – 6 min 2NR means they can brute force me every time – competing interps – otherwise the 2NR could drown the aff in arguments while playing defense | 3/18/22 |
ND - AC - Climate StrikesTournament: Applevalley | Round: 1 | Opponent: Iowa City West ST | Judge: Zach Thornhill 1AC - FrameworkI value morality.The standard is minimizing material violence. ~To clarify I defend utilitarianism~.~2~ Actor Spec— States must use util. Any other standard dooms the moral theoryGoodin 90. Robert Goodin 90, ~professor of philosophy at the Australian National University college of arts and social sciences~, "The Utilitarian Response," pgs 141-142 RS ~4~ Pleasure and pain are the starting point for moral reasoning—they're our most baseline desires and the only things that explain the intrinsic value of objects or actionsMoen 16, Ole Martin (PhD, Research Fellow in Philosophy at University of Oslo). "An Argument for Hedonism." Journal of Value Inquiry 50.2 (2016): 267. 1AC – Advantage – Climate ChangeLack of a "right to strike" means the UK makes it near impossible for workers to climate strike.Aspinall '19 ~Georgia, acting features editor at Grazia UK, formerly at The Debrief, "How Do You Strike For A Social Issue Without Getting In Trouble At Work?", 09-02-2019, https://graziadaily.co.uk/life/in-the-news/how-to-strike-climate-crisis/~~//pranav Collective action incentivizes policy change, but status quo sustains science as usual which embraces climate skep.Green '19 ~Matthew, Reuters Journalist, "Scientists endorse mass civil disobedience to force climate action", 10-12-2019, Reuters, https://www.reuters.com/article/us-climate-change-scientists/scientists-endorse-mass-civil-disobedience-to-force-climate-action-idUSKBN1WS01K~~//pranav Climate strikes spill over and cause corporate policy change – empirically proven in tech – that bypasses politicians and avoids legal disputes.Ghaffary '19 ~Shirin Ghaffary, 9-20-2019, "Here's why the Amazon climate walkout is a big deal," Vox, https://www.vox.com/recode/2019/9/20/20874497/amazon-climate-change-walkout-google-microsoft-strike-tech-activism~~//pranav Warming causes extinction and turns every impact – no adaptation and each degree is worseKrosofsky '21 ~Andrew, Green Matters Journalist, "How Global Warming May Eventually Lead to Global Extinction", Green Matters, 03-11-2021, https://www.greenmatters.com/p/will-global-warming-cause-extinction~~//pranav 1AC – Advantage - DemocracyUK democracy is declining right now – Johnson's levelling up agenda is a disguise for masking dissentMacfarlane 5/12 ~Laurie is a Research Associate at IIPP. Prior to this Laurie was a Senior Economist at the New Economics Foundation. Open Democracy "The UK government is using 'levelling up' to hide a crackdown on political dissent" https://www.opendemocracy.net/en/oureconomy/the-uk-government-is-using-levelling-up-to-hide-a-crackdown-on-political-dissent/ ~ aaditg Strikes are the internal link to uphold democracy – empirics provePope 18 ~ Before joining Rutgers in 1986, James Gray Pope worked in a shipyard and represented labor unions at the Boston law firm of Segal, Roitman and Coleman. He has a doctorate in politics from Princeton and specializes in constitutional law, constitutional theory, and labor law. "Labor's right to strike is essential" Sept 2018 https://www.psc-cuny.org/clarion/september-2018/laborE28099s-right-strike-essential~~ aaditg Climate strikes are a form of environmental, civil mobilization that creates the emergence of a democratic impetus legitimizing democracy and reformSzolucha 20 ~ Anna Szolucha works at Department of Social Sciences, Faculty of Arts, Design and Social Sciences, Northumbria University, Newcastle, UK Sage Pub "Why is everyone talking about climate change ... again?" Feb 19, 2020 https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full/10.1177/0791603520908188 ~ aaditg Democracy solves climate change but we need an increase in pace of actionCasas-Zamora 21 ~Dr. Kevin Casas-Zamora is the Secretary-General of the International Institute for Democracy and Electoral Assistance (IDEA), with over 25 years of experience in democratic governance as a researcher, analyst, educator, consultant and public official. Here he discusses the role that democracy plays in mitigating climate change. 06/29/2021 Why democracy is the key ingredient to battling climate change" https://www.euronews.com/green/2021/06/29/why-democracy-is-the-key-ingredient-to-battling-climate-change ~ aaditg 1AC – Solvency – PlanThus the plan – The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland should recognize an unconditional right for workers to climate strike.Clarion 19 ~ The Clarion is a magazine for labor activitists. 9/09/2019 "Workers need the right to strike for climate justice" https://theclarionmag.org/2019/09/09/workers-need-the-right-to-strike-for-climate-justice/ ~ aaditg Coordinated civic engagement and strikes is key to comprehensive climate action globally.Fisher and Nasrin 20 ~Dana R; Professor of Sociology and the Director of the Program for Society and the Environment at the University of Maryland. Her research focuses on questions related to democracy, activism, and environmentalism — most recently studying climate activism, protests, and the American Resistance. Her research employs a mixed-methods approach that integrates data collected through open-ended semi-structured interviews and participant observation with various forms of survey data; Sohana; University of Maryland, College Park, UMD, UMCP, University of Maryland College Park · Philip Merrill College of Journalism Master of Arts; "Climate activism and its effects," Wiley Interdisciplinary Review; October 2020; https://www.researchgate.net/publication/345455893_Climate_activism_and_its_effects~~ UK seeking climate leadership now, and climate reform gets modeled by other T15 fossel fuel financiersLaFortune 10/29 ~Rachel, Researcher, Environment and Human Rights, "UK Needs to Provide Genuine Leadership on Fossil Fuel Financing", 10-29-2021, https://www.hrw.org/news/2021/10/30/uk-needs-provide-genuine-leadership-fossil-fuel-financing~~//pranav | 11/5/21 |
ND - AC - EgyptTournament: Longhorn Classic | Round: 1 | Opponent: Carnegie Melon SR | Judge: Breigh Plat 1AC – V1FramingThe standard is minimizing material violence.Prefer: ~4~ Pleasure and pain are the starting point for moral reasoning—they’re our most baseline desires and the only things that explain the intrinsic value of objects or actionsMoen 16, Ole Martin (PhD, Research Fellow in Philosophy at University of Oslo). "An Argument for Hedonism." Journal of Value Inquiry 50.2 (2016): 267. AND notion of legal standing will outstrip the power relations that ground Pettit’s theory. ~2~ Actor Spec— States must use util. Any other standard dooms the moral theoryGoodin 90. Robert Goodin 90, ~professor of philosophy at the Australian National University college of arts and social sciences~, "The Utilitarian Response," pgs 141-142 RS AND want to use it at all – to choose general rules or conduct. No intent-foresight distinction — if we foresee a consequence, then it becomes part of our deliberation which makes it intrinsic to our action since we intend it to happen.Only consequentialism explains degrees of wrongness—if I break a promise to meet up for lunch, that is not as bad as breaking a promise to take a dying person to the hospital. Only the consequences of breaking the promise explain why the second one is much worse than the first.No act-omission distinction – We are responsible for intentional omissions because we actively choose not to act—we intend and act upon omissions.~9~ Extinction First – AND is true – we ought to preserve the world to keep debating about it 1AC — Advantage 1 – Civil WarNew anti-strike laws worsen unemployment, the poverty crisis, threaten the sanctity of unions, and will collapse EgyptBoukhari 10/11 — (Jamal Boukhari, Jamal Boukhari is an Egyptian journalist., "A dangerous new law in Egypt allows for the dismissal of any public employee who opposes the regime", 10-11-2021, https://www.equaltimes.org/a-dangerous-new-law-in-egypt?lang=en~~#.YZQnPL3MJ6d, accessed 11-16-2021, HKR-AR) AND repressive laws to silence employees, but this oppression always leads to disaster." Decreased state legitimacy is good – sustained Egyptian repression and brutal ‘counter-terror’ strategies fuel terrorism, conflict escalation, and will cause civil war – alternative readings get it wrong.Saferworld ’17 ~Saferworld is an international non-governmental organisation with conflict prevention and peacebuilding programmes in over 20 countries and territories in the Horn of Africa, the African Great Lakes region, Asia, the Middle East, Central Asia and the Caucasus, "We need to talk about Egypt: how brutal ‘counter-terrorism’ is failing Egypt and its allies", October 2017, Saferworld, https://saferworld-indepth.squarespace.com/we-need-to-talk-about-egypt/~~//pranav AND the long term rather than stave off the threat posed by violent groups. Two internal links to instability —~2~ Egyptian civil war kills Israeli safety, causes middle eastern instability and devastates relationships with the US.Digital First Media and the Contra Costa Times ’13 (updated in 2016 though) ~Digital First Media and the Contra Costa times, "Egyptian civil war would be a catastrophe", 08-16-2013, The Denver Post, https://www.denverpost.com/2013/08/16/egyptian-civil-war-would-be-a-catastrophe/~~//pranav AND very unstable region. What happens there will have impact throughout the globe. Egypt specifically is key to negotiating treaties between Iran and IsraelFrance24 News ’21 ~France24 News, "Gaza ceasefire takes effect after Egypt-brokered deal between Israel and Hamas", 05-20-2021, France 24 News, https://www.france24.com/en/live-news/20210520-israel-confirms-unconditional-gaza-ceasefire-agreed-with-hamas~~//pranav AND international stakeholders to provide rapid humanitarian assistance" for Gaza and its reconstruction. That goes nuclear.Silverstein 4/23 "Iran-Israel tensions: The threat of nuclear disaster looms large," Richard Silverstein ~writes the Tikun Olam blog, devoted to exposing the excesses of the Israeli national security state~, 23 April 2021 https://www.middleeasteye.net/opinion/iran-israel-tensions-threat-nuclear-war-looms-large SM AND will fight with F-35s, ballistic missiles and possibly nuclear weapons. PlanPlan: The Arab Republic of Egypt should recognize an unconditional right of workers to strike.Strikes are key to correcting Egyptian governance – set the groundwork, open humanitarian discussions, and increase publicity – Mubarak’s usurpation proves.Janice Jayes 18 ~Dr. Jayes writes on current security and humanitarian challenges in the Middle East and Latin America., The Real War in Egypt: the Labor Struggle. The Public (May 2018 ) http://publici.ucimc.org/2018/05/the-real-war-in-egypt-the-labor-struggle/~~//anop AND public they purport to represent. Egyptian labor deserves our attention and support. Underview1AR theory –AFF gets it because otherwise the neg can engage in infinite abuse, making debate impossible.Drop the debater – the short 1AR irreparably skewed from abuse on substance and time investment on theory.No RVIs – the 6-minute 2nr can collapse to a short shell and get away with infinite 1nc abuse via sheer brute force and time spent on theory.RVIs —Skew – there’s no 2AC to develop carded offense and the 1AR has to over-cover since the 6 minute 2NR is devastating which encourages them to under-develop T in the NC and over-develop in the NR – need the RVI to develop good, in-depth T offenseReciprocity – T is a unique avenue to the ballot that the aff can’t access – makes T structurally unfair without the RVI.Reasonable aff interps —There are multiple T interps the 1NC can read, like spec good or spec bad, which the aff will always violate —if the interp the aff picked is okay, you should default to substance – outweighs – topic ed is unique to this resolution – where the majority of debate education occursThere’s only 4 minutes for the 1AR to generate offense, answer standards, and weigh while still covering all substance—reasonable aff interps allow us to actually get educationDrop the neg, but not the aff:If the neg runs abusive arguments, I have to be able to go all on in theory against those arguments in the 3-minute 2AR which I can’t do if it’s only drop the argument, but the neg has a 6-minute 2NR, so they don’t need to be able to collapse.Drop the arg solves for the negative – they can read multiple offs against the aff and can always crystallize.1AR – Case Extension – Civil WarEgyptian laws silence workers and crackdown on strikes, but anti-state sentiment is impossible to materialize. Right to strike kills al-Sisi’s popularity and destroys state legitimacy which is good bc Sisi’s sustained repression fuels terrorism and will cause civil war which destroys middle eastern stability and causes Israel-Iran nuclear war.The plan solves – puts economic strain on the government which incentivizes resignation and materializes anti-state sentiment into movements which ends rights abuses.1AR – Case Extension – Civil WarEgyptian laws silence workers and crackdown on strikes, but anti-state sentiment is impossible to materialize. Right to strike kills al-Sisi’s popularity and destroys state legitimacy which is good bc Sisi’s sustained repression fuels terrorism and will cause civil war which destroys middle eastern stability and causes Israel-Iran nuclear war.The plan solves – puts economic strain on the government which incentivizes resignation and materializes anti-state sentiment into movements which ends rights abuses.1AR – Case Extension – Civil WarEgyptian laws silence workers and crackdown on strikes, but anti-state sentiment is impossible to materialize. Right to strike kills al-Sisi’s popularity and destroys state legitimacy which is good bc Sisi’s sustained repression fuels terrorism and will cause civil war which destroys middle eastern stability and causes Israel-Iran nuclear war.The plan solves – puts economic strain on the government which incentivizes resignation and materializes anti-state sentiment into movements which ends rights abuses.Comparative worlds –Resolvability – truth claims can’t be easily weighed against each other.Mangus 8 Mangus, Michael ~Former debater who got to quarters of TOC, neuroscientist~ "Value Comparison" The Lincoln Douglas Debate Journal, April 2008. RP AND either – many high-powered prelims and elimination rounds feature these strategies. Advocacy skills – debaters are trained just to question truths or falsities but not to compare different visions of the world.Mangus 2 Mangus, Michael ~Former debater who got to quarters of TOC, neuroscientist~ "Value Comparison" The Lincoln Douglas Debate Journal, April 2008. RP AND debaters are trained as sophists, not advocates. this also leads to debates Method~2~ Policy analysis is key to critical skills and real world policy changeJohn Hird 17. Dean of the College of Social and Behavioral Sciences and Professor of Political Science and Public Policy, University of Massachusetts Amherst. "How Effective is Policy Analysis," in D. Weimer and L. S. Friedman (eds.) Does Policy Analysis Matter? Exploring Its Effectiveness in Theory and Practice. University of California Press. 44-76. AND public policy may be among the most important contributions of policy analysis education. | 12/3/21 |
SO - AC - BiocolonialismTournament: Heart of Texas | Round: 2 | Opponent: Marlborough JH | Judge: Derek Hilligoss 1AC — BiocolonialismBiocolonialism is an institutionalized global form of "dispossession and conquest" perpetuated at the will of multinational corporations through the piracy of traditional knowledge and resources in the name of "intellectual property rights" and "international patents".Breske '18 ~Ashleigh, visiting assistant professor of international studies in the global politics and societies (GPS) department @ Hollins University. She earned her Ph.D. in planning, governance, and globalization at Virginia Tech, her M.A.L.S. in social sciences with a focus on Roman history from Hollins University, and her B.S. in biology with a concentration in classical studies and chemistry. Her current research explores how institutions and cultural values mediate changes in repatriation policy for indigenous cultural property, "Biocolonialism: Examining Biopiracy, Inequality, and Power", Spectra, 6(2), pp.58–73. DOI: http://doi.org/10.21061/spectra.v6i2.a.6~~//pranav Traditional patent law and IPP legitimize biopiracy's control over dominated subjects, turning them into capital.Breske 2 ~Ashleigh, visiting assistant professor of international studies in the global politics and societies (GPS) department @ Hollins University. She earned her Ph.D. in planning, governance, and globalization at Virginia Tech, her M.A.L.S. in social sciences with a focus on Roman history from Hollins University, and her B.S. in biology with a concentration in classical studies and chemistry. Her current research explores how institutions and cultural values mediate changes in repatriation policy for indigenous cultural property, "Biocolonialism: Examining Biopiracy, Inequality, and Power", Spectra, 6(2), pp.58–73. DOI: http://doi.org/10.21061/spectra.v6i2.a.6~~//pranav This represents a form of cultural genocide of Indigenous peoples in line with the notion of terra nullius – anything else relies on Western preoccupations with objectivity that ignores the communal nature of Indigenous "ownership".Diver '04 ~Alice, Dr Alice Diver is a Senior Lecturer in Law at Liverpool John Moores University, who publishes in the areas of adoption, human rights, property law, and law in literature. She joined LJMU in September 2018, having worked as a Senior Law Lecturer and Programme Leader for the LLB (Law and Criminology) and as a Senior (Faculty) Fellow for Land T at EHU (2015-2018). Prior to that she was employed as a Lecturer in Law/TJI Associate Researcher, and Course Director for the LLB programmes (Magee campus) at Ulster University, N Ireland (2000-2015). She previously worked as a Solicitor in N Ireland in private practice (1989-1995) and as an Associate Lecturer in Law at NWRC (1993-2004). She is an alumna of Queen's University Belfast (LLB, 1984; LLM (Dist.), 2004) and gained a First class BA Hons in English Literature from Ulster University in 2017. She is the author of a 2013 monograph on origin deprivation, closed records and familial contact in adoption and surrogacy entitled 'A Law of Blood-ties: The 'Right' to Access Genetic Ancestry' (Springer) which is based upon her PhD (Ulster, 2012). She was co-editor of an international collection of essays on socio-economic rights: 'Justiciability of Human Rights Law in Domestic Jurisdictions'' (Springer, 2015). She has served as an EU-funded country reporter (UK, NI) for the Asser Inst./Utrecht University on matters of cross-border family law, in 2008 and 2017, contributing to an EU-wide guide for family law practitioners (2018). She was a co-convenor of the International Society of Family Law's Regional Conference in Derry, N Ireland (2010). She was a trustee of Londonderry Inner City Trust from 2012 -2016, and has been a trustee for Kinship Care NI since 2014, and a board member for Apex Housing NI since 2013. She has served as an external examiner for a number of LLB and LLM programmes throughout the UK and Ireland, since 1999, "'A Just War' - Protecting Indigenous Cultural Property", 2004, http://classic.austlii.edu.au/au/journals/IndigLawB/2004/43.html~~//pranav The TRIPS agreement is forged in a biocolonial exclusion of indigenous communities through a false belief of indigenous peoples as merely holders. This is inextricably tied to global demand for medicine and MNCs surge in biopiracy.Breske 3 ~Ashleigh, visiting assistant professor of international studies in the global politics and societies (GPS) department @ Hollins University. She earned her Ph.D. in planning, governance, and globalization at Virginia Tech, her M.A.L.S. in social sciences with a focus on Roman history from Hollins University, and her B.S. in biology with a concentration in classical studies and chemistry. Her current research explores how institutions and cultural values mediate changes in repatriation policy for indigenous cultural property, "Biocolonialism: Examining Biopiracy, Inequality, and Power", Spectra, 6(2), pp.58–73. DOI: http://doi.org/10.21061/spectra.v6i2.a.6~~//pranav Plan: The member nations of the World Trade Organization should eliminate patents on medicines based on Indigenous knowledge from patentability.IPW '06 ~Intellectual Property Watch quoting Debra Harry — executive director of the Indigenous Peoples' Council on Biocolonialism, and a member of the Paiute tribe in the United States, "Inside Views: Indigenous Groups Tell WIPO, 'Don't Patent Our Traditional Knowledge'", https://www.ip-watch.org/2006/12/06/inside-views-indigenous-groups-tell-wipo-dont-patent-our-traditional-knowledge/~~//pranav This invalidates the IPRs of western pharmaceutical companies and terminates their 'ethical right' to Indigenous knowledge.Breske 4 ~Ashleigh, visiting assistant professor of international studies in the global politics and societies (GPS) department @ Hollins University. She earned her Ph.D. in planning, governance, and globalization at Virginia Tech, her M.A.L.S. in social sciences with a focus on Roman history from Hollins University, and her B.S. in biology with a concentration in classical studies and chemistry. Her current research explores how institutions and cultural values mediate changes in repatriation policy for indigenous cultural property, "Biocolonialism: Examining Biopiracy, Inequality, and Power", Spectra, 6(2), pp.58–73. DOI: http://doi.org/10.21061/spectra.v6i2.a.6~~//pranav Compensation tactics fail – they take too long and don't end up benefitting Indigenous peoples.McGonigle '16 ~Ian Vincent, Assistant Professor of Global Science, Technology, and Society at Nanyang Technological University. Was previously a PhD Candidate in Anthropology and Middle East Studies at the Center for Middle Eastern Studies at Harvard University. He has published over a dozen original research articles in top academic journals, such as: Ethnos: Journal of Anthropology; the Journal of Law and the Biosciences (including the most-read article, with over 30,000 reads); Anthropology Today (cover feature); Journal of Neuroscience; Biophysical Journal; ACS Chemical Neuroscience; and Biochemistry., "Patenting nature or protecting culture? Ethnopharmacology and indigenous intellectual property rights", Journal of Law and the Biosciences, Volume 3, Issue 1, April 2016, Pages 217–226, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/jlb/lsw003~~//pranav The role of the judge is to vote for the debater that endorses the best form of epistemic subsidiarity.McGonigle 3 ~Ian Vincent, Assistant Professor of Global Science, Technology, and Society at Nanyang Technological University. Was previously a PhD Candidate in Anthropology and Middle East Studies at the Center for Middle Eastern Studies at Harvard University. He has published over a dozen original research articles in top academic journals, such as: Ethnos: Journal of Anthropology; the Journal of Law and the Biosciences (including the most-read article, with over 30,000 reads); Anthropology Today (cover feature); Journal of Neuroscience; Biophysical Journal; ACS Chemical Neuroscience; and Biochemistry., "Patenting nature or protecting culture? Ethnopharmacology and indigenous intellectual property rights", Journal of Law and the Biosciences, Volume 3, Issue 1, April 2016, Pages 217–226, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/jlb/lsw003~~//pranav The logics of settler colonialism have not disappeared, but merely reformulated extinction discourse to justify the biocolonial exploitation of natural resources and Indigenous knowledge in the west's "global resource frontier" through narratives of inevitable Indigenous extinction.Barker '19 ~Clare, Associate Professor in English Literature at the University of Leeds and their research focuses on postcolonial literatures and cultures, and it engages centrally with disability studies and medical humanities, "Biocolonial Fictions: Medical Ethics and New Extinction Discourse in Contemporary Biopiracy Narratives", 2019, 19(2): 94–109, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7116577/~~//pranav Research paradigms are not static, but rather in a constant fluidity that mandates the deployment of mixed methods to create effective change. The 1AC is NOT western pragmatism, but a radical and unsettling form of decolonizing research practices as the starting point for the broader project of decolonization.Held '19 ~Mirjam, PhD student @ Dalhousie University, "Decolonizing Research Paradigms in the Context of Settler Colonialism: An Unsettling, Mutual, and Collaborative Effort", 01-23-2019, International Journal of Qualitative Methods, DOI:10.1177/1609406918821574~pranav The Convention on Biological Diversity is inadequate garbage that fails in every possible way – it doesn't take a stance on whose knowledge claims should be trusted, protect local resources, nor bring benefits to Indigenous communities.McGonigle 2 ~Ian Vincent, Assistant Professor of Global Science, Technology, and Society at Nanyang Technological University. Was previously a PhD Candidate in Anthropology and Middle East Studies at the Center for Middle Eastern Studies at Harvard University. He has published over a dozen original research articles in top academic journals, such as: Ethnos: Journal of Anthropology; the Journal of Law and the Biosciences (including the most-read article, with over 30,000 reads); Anthropology Today (cover feature); Journal of Neuroscience; Biophysical Journal; ACS Chemical Neuroscience; and Biochemistry., "Patenting nature or protecting culture? Ethnopharmacology and indigenous intellectual property rights", Journal of Law and the Biosciences, Volume 3, Issue 1, April 2016, Pages 217–226, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/jlb/lsw003~~//pranav Traditional Knowledge is the origin for innovation, but current formal systems are built to harm Indigenous peoples – only effective policy outcomes solve.Bagley et al. '17 ~Margo Bagley is a CIGI Senior fellow and is the Asa Griggs Candler Professor of Law @ the Emory University School of Law, Ruth Okediji is the Traditional Knowledge Expert Group Chair and Jerimiah Smith Jr. Professor of Law @ Harvard Law School, Kathy Hodgson Smith is a Canadian Indigenous Lawyer and a member of the Métis Communities, Jerome Reichman is a CIGI Senior Fellow and the Bunyan S Womble Professor of Law @ Duke Law School, Graham Dutfield is a Professor of International Governance and Faculty of Law at Leeds University, the video is titled "What is Traditional Knowledge?", the article is titled "What If a Patent Is Based on Traditional Knowledge?", 06-12-2017, Centre for International Governance Innovation, evidence is transcribed from the video using the written subtitles , 0:00 – 1:45 ,https://www.cigionline.org/multimedia/what-if-patent-based-traditional-knowledge/~~//pranav | 10/24/21 |
SO - AC - Innovation v1Tournament: Jack Howe | Round: 1 | Opponent: Christopher Columbus NG | Judge: Brianna Lozano | 10/24/21 |
SO - AC - Innovation v2Tournament: Jack Howe | Round: 4 | Opponent: Harvard-Westlake KD | Judge: Anish Ramireddy | 10/24/21 |
SO - AC - Innovation v3Tournament: Jack Howe | Round: 6 | Opponent: Samammish LW | Judge: Lukas Krause | 10/24/21 |
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