Tournament: Newark Invitational | Round: 2 | Opponent: Harrison TB | Judge: Elijah Smith
The standard is hedonistic utilitarianism. Prefer:
1~ Pleasure and pain are intrinsically valuable and empirically verified by neurological tests
Skyrms and Narens 20
Skyrms, B., Narens, L. (2020). The Pursuit of Happiness: Philosophical and Psychological Foundations of Utility. United Kingdom: Oxford University Press. JoshDrills
In 1953, James Olds joined Donald Hebb's laboratory at the McGill University to study
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None support the strict one-dimensional view in the sense discussed here.
Bostrom 13, Nick. "Existential risk prevention as global priority." Global Policy 4.1 (2013): 15-31. (Faculty of Philosophy and Oxford Martin School University of Oxford) Elmer rc js69
These reflections on moral uncertainty suggest an alternative, complementary way of looking at existential
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of value. To do this, we must prevent any existential catastrophe.
3~ Lexical prereq – in order for an idea to be moral or immoral it must be perceivable but if life ceased to exist then no idea would be perceivable meaning to maintain evaluation extinction risk must come first
I affirm Resolved: The appropriation of outer space by private entities is unjust. The aff does this through the Plan: States will ratify the 1979 MOON Treaty – 22 nations have already signed but nations like the US and Russia haven't – the enforcement is through a resolution of the initial treaty. And for further clarification: States are private entities when acting in competition with others
ISA and resolution are normal means and this card explains implementation further
Koch 18
Jonathan Sydney Koch (2018) Institutional Framework for the Province of all Mankind: Lessons from the International Seabed Authority for the Governance of Commercial Space Mining, Astropolitics, 16:1, 17-18, DOI: 10.1080/14777622.2017.1381824 js69
What should one make out of these considerations and lessons from the ISA? As
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and meaning, such as "sustainable development" or "sustainable use."
Koch 2
Jonathan Sydney Koch (2018) Institutional Framework for the Province of all Mankind: Lessons from the International Seabed Authority for the Governance of Commercial Space Mining, Astropolitics, 16:1, 3-5, DOI: 10.1080/14777622.2017.1381824 js69
Regulations, however, have not kept pace with the commercial developments of the last
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as Tania-Masson Zwaan, president of the IISL, remarked.26
Tosar 20
~(Borja Tosar, reporter) "Asteroid Mining: A New Space Race," OpenMind BBVA, May 18, 2020, https://www.bbvaopenmind.com/en/science/physics/asteroid-mining-a-new-space-race/~~ TDI rc js69
This is not science fiction. There are now space mining companies, such as
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deGrasse argues that the planet's first trillionaire will undoubtedly be a space miner.
Skibba 16
Skibba, Ramin. (Skibba is an astrophysicist turned science writer and freelance journalist based in San Diego. Ph.D. in Physics and Astronomy at the University of Pittsburgh in 2006, and I earned a B.S. in Physics and B.A. in Philosophy at the University of Notre Dame.) "Mining in Space Could Lead to Conflicts on Earth - Facts so Romantic." Nautilus, 19 Apr. 2016, https://nautil.us/blog/mining-in-space-could-lead-to-conflicts-on-earth. js69
Space mining is no longer science fiction. By the 2020s, Planetary Resources and
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explore the solar system as its steward without repeating our economically rapacious past.
Scenario 2 is Aggression. Russia and China are developing satellite destroyers – decks US econ and military response threatening aggression
Lauder et al 20
Lauder, John, et al. "How to Avoid a Space Arms Race." RAND Corporation, 26 Oct. 2020, https://www.rand.org/blog/2020/10/how-to-avoid-a-space-arms-race.html. js69
On September 22, Russian President Vladimir Putin proposed that leading space powers agree to
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approach to conduct a non-destructive test against one of its satellites.
Weapons in space inevitably would cause a space war with space miscalc and debris – nukes even more powerful in space
David 21
David, Leonard. "Is War in Space Inevitable?" Space.com, Space, 11 May 2021, https://www.space.com/is-space-war-inevitable-anti-satellite-technoloy. js69
"First, the United States could preemptively destroy the space stalkers to save the
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are not representative of the Department of the Defense or the Air Force.)
US is dependent on space infrastructure for econ and military
Lamrani 16
Lamrani, Omar. "Avoiding a War in Space." Stratfor, 17 May 2016, https://worldview.stratfor.com/article/avoiding-war-space. js69
Space is becoming more congested, contested and competitive. Since the Soviet Union put
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movements, have restricted maneuverability and are difficult to defend from an attack.
Two main impacts: Arms race destroys the economy and possibility of access to space through destroying satellites and extra debris
Skibba 20
Skibba, Ramin. (Skibba is an astrophysicist turned science writer and freelance journalist based in San Diego. Ph.D. in Physics and Astronomy at the University of Pittsburgh in 2006, and I earned a B.S. in Physics and B.A. in Philosophy at the University of Notre Dame.) "The Ripple Effects of a Space Skirmish." The Atlantic, Atlantic Media Company, 12 July 2020, https://www.theatlantic.com/technology/archive/2020/07/space-warfare-unregulated/614059/. js69 ~brackets in original document~
On April 22, after several failed attempts, Iran's Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps announced
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countries showing off that ~they~ can do it and start testing."
Climate brink coming
BioD bring coming – 1/10 pollinators which r essential
Biomass down by 82
Watts 19
Watts, Jonathan. "Human
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long-term survival. Many are on course to disappear within decades.