Strake Jesuit Stuckert Aff
| Tournament | Round | Opponent | Judge | Cites | Round Report | Open Source | Edit/Delete |
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| 48th Annual Harvard National Forensics Tournament | 2 | Lake Highland Prep WH | Reed Weiler |
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| 48th Annual Harvard National Forensics Tournament | 3 | American Heritage Broward SS | Andrew Shaw |
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| 48th Annual Harvard National Forensics Tournament | 6 | Park City NL | Viren Abhyankar |
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| 48th Annual Harvard National Forensics Tournament | Doubles | Iowa City West NW | Jenn Melin - Hever Arjon - Kenji Aoki |
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| 48th Annual Harvard National Forensics Tournament | Octas | Scripps Ranch AS | Sreyaash Das - Tahj Johnson - Saianurag Karavadi |
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| Any | 2 | Any | Any |
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| Any | 3 | Any | Any |
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| Any | 1 | Any | Any |
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| Any | 4 | Any | Any |
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| Apple Valley MinneApple Debate Tournament | 1 | Lexington AT | Phoenix Pittman |
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| Apple Valley MinneApple Debate Tournament | 4 | Fairmont Prep SV | Victor Chen |
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| Apple Valley MinneApple Debate Tournament | 5 | San Mateo AS | Ben Waldman |
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| Florida Blue Key Speech and Debate Tournament | 2 | American Heritage Broward JA | Sreyaash Das |
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| Florida Blue Key Speech and Debate Tournament | 3 | Lexington AT | Abhilash Datti |
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| Florida Blue Key Speech and Debate Tournament | 5 | Lexington JB | Rohit Lakshman |
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| Glenbrooks Speech and Debate Tournament | 1 | Marlborough AW | Micah Thode |
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| Glenbrooks Speech and Debate Tournament | 4 | Westlake AC | Michael Kurian |
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| Glenbrooks Speech and Debate Tournament | 5 | Westwood AG | Derek Ying |
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| Glenbrooks Speech and Debate Tournament | 7 | Harker MK | Gordon Krauss |
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| Grapevine Classic | 2 | Southlake Carroll EP | Sreyaash Das |
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| Grapevine Classic | 3 | Harrison JP | Allison Aldridge |
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| Grapevine Classic | 5 | Catonsville AT | Favian Sun |
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| Loyola Invitational | 1 | Evergreen Valley Independent SS | Holden Bukowsky |
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| Loyola Invitational | 3 | Harvard-Westlake IC | Tej Gedela |
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| Loyola Invitational | 6 | Solebury LN | Abhishek Rao |
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| Mid America Cup | 1 | Carnegie Vanguard Siddhartha Rana | Breigh Plat |
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| Mid America Cup | 3 | Princeton Independent Junkai Gong | Aryan Jasani |
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| Mid America Cup | 5 | Lexington Jayden Bai | Jack Quisenberry |
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| New York City Invitational Debate and Speech Tournament | 1 | Fairmont Prep SV | Parth Misra |
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| New York City Invitational Debate and Speech Tournament | 4 | Lexington BF | Andrew Shaw |
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| New York City Invitational Debate and Speech Tournament | 5 | Unionville PW | Saianurag Karavadi |
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| New York City Invitational Debate and Speech Tournament | Octas | West Des Moines Valley AM | Ben Cortez - Muhammad Khattak - Elise Matton |
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| Palm Classic | 1 | Mission San Jose SR | Nick Fleming |
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| Palm Classic | 3 | Sequoia AS | Yoyo Lei |
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| Palm Classic | 5 | Marlborough FL | David Dosch |
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| Palm Classic | Triples | Vestavia Hills DS | Grant Brown - Holden Bukowsky - Joseph Barquin |
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| TFA State | 1 | LanCre Justin Schnitzer | River Cook |
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| TFA State | 4 | St Agnes Ella Huang | Avery Wilson |
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| TFA State | 5 | CleLak Ibraheim Maudood | Christopher Stearns |
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| The 47th Churchill Classic TOC and NIETOC Qualifier | 1 | Westwood Eric Gao | Isaac Chao |
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| The 47th Churchill Classic TOC and NIETOC Qualifier | 4 | Westlake Alexandra Coulter | Breigh Plat |
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| The 47th Churchill Classic TOC and NIETOC Qualifier | 5 | LC Nathan Stein | Holden Bukowsky |
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| The Longhorn Classic | 1 | San Mateo Yesh Rao | Jack Quisenberry |
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| The Longhorn Classic | 3 | Memorial Sebastian Cho | Nevin Gera |
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| The Longhorn Classic | 5 | Northland Christian Collin Scamp-Gross | Samantha McLoughlin |
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| The Longhorn Classic | Doubles | Greenhill Krutin Devesh | David Dosch - Felicity Park - Sophie Wilczynski |
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| University of Houston Cougar Classic | 1 | Coppel SK | Dylan Jones |
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| University of Houston Cougar Classic | 3 | Woodlands PA | Isaac Chao |
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| University of Houston Cougar Classic | 5 | Woodlands AH | Collin Goemmer |
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| Yale University Invitational 2021 | 2 | Bronx Science NK | Rohit Lakshman |
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| Yale University Invitational 2021 | 4 | Olympia OE | Tyler Wood |
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| Yale University Invitational 2021 | 5 | Byram Hills EW | Anand Rao |
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| Yale University Invitational 2021 | Triples | Byram Hills SH | Ananya Natchukuri Mark Kivimaki Jacob Nails |
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| Tournament | Round | Report |
|---|---|---|
| 48th Annual Harvard National Forensics Tournament | 2 | Opponent: Lake Highland Prep WH | Judge: Reed Weiler 1AC - Adorno v3 |
| 48th Annual Harvard National Forensics Tournament | 3 | Opponent: American Heritage Broward SS | Judge: Andrew Shaw 1AC - Ripstein v5 |
| 48th Annual Harvard National Forensics Tournament | 6 | Opponent: Park City NL | Judge: Viren Abhyankar 1AC - Debris v4 |
| 48th Annual Harvard National Forensics Tournament | Doubles | Opponent: Iowa City West NW | Judge: Jenn Melin - Hever Arjon - Kenji Aoki 1AC - Adorno v4 |
| 48th Annual Harvard National Forensics Tournament | Octas | Opponent: Scripps Ranch AS | Judge: Sreyaash Das - Tahj Johnson - Saianurag Karavadi 1AC - Adorno v5 |
| Any | 2 | Opponent: Any | Judge: Any 0 - Contact InfoNavigation |
| Any | 3 | Opponent: Any | Judge: Any I'll try to give content warnings for topics that I think are sensitive but please let me know if there is anything on my wiki that would trigger you or make you uncomfortable and I'll modify stuff |
| Any | 4 | Opponent: Any | Judge: Any Hi I'm Michael (hehim) You should probably contact me through Facebook Messenger (Michael Stuckert) but text sometimes works (281-438-7085) but my phone is a little glitchy so probably email instead |
| Apple Valley MinneApple Debate Tournament | 1 | Opponent: Lexington AT | Judge: Phoenix Pittman 1AC - Ripstein v4 |
| Apple Valley MinneApple Debate Tournament | 4 | Opponent: Fairmont Prep SV | Judge: Victor Chen 1AC - Courts |
| Apple Valley MinneApple Debate Tournament | 5 | Opponent: San Mateo AS | Judge: Ben Waldman 1AC - Ripstein v5 |
| Florida Blue Key Speech and Debate Tournament | 2 | Opponent: American Heritage Broward JA | Judge: Sreyaash Das 1AC - ND - Ripstein |
| Florida Blue Key Speech and Debate Tournament | 3 | Opponent: Lexington AT | Judge: Abhilash Datti 1AC - ND - Ripstein v2 |
| Florida Blue Key Speech and Debate Tournament | 5 | Opponent: Lexington JB | Judge: Rohit Lakshman 1AC - Ripstein v3 |
| Glenbrooks Speech and Debate Tournament | 1 | Opponent: Marlborough AW | Judge: Micah Thode 1AC - Courts v2 |
| Glenbrooks Speech and Debate Tournament | 4 | Opponent: Westlake AC | Judge: Michael Kurian 1AC - Ripstein v6 |
| Glenbrooks Speech and Debate Tournament | 5 | Opponent: Westwood AG | Judge: Derek Ying 1AC - Ripstein v7 |
| Glenbrooks Speech and Debate Tournament | 7 | Opponent: Harker MK | Judge: Gordon Krauss 1AC - Courts v3 |
| Grapevine Classic | 2 | Opponent: Southlake Carroll EP | Judge: Sreyaash Das 1AC - Ripstein v2 |
| Grapevine Classic | 3 | Opponent: Harrison JP | Judge: Allison Aldridge 1AC - Pandemics v2 |
| Grapevine Classic | 5 | Opponent: Catonsville AT | Judge: Favian Sun 1AC - Ripstein v3 |
| Loyola Invitational | 1 | Opponent: Evergreen Valley Independent SS | Judge: Holden Bukowsky 1AC - Pandemics |
| Loyola Invitational | 3 | Opponent: Harvard-Westlake IC | Judge: Tej Gedela 1AC - Ripstein |
| Loyola Invitational | 6 | Opponent: Solebury LN | Judge: Abhishek Rao 1AC - Ripstein v1 |
| Mid America Cup | 1 | Opponent: Carnegie Vanguard Siddhartha Rana | Judge: Breigh Plat 1AC - Ripstein v7 |
| Mid America Cup | 3 | Opponent: Princeton Independent Junkai Gong | Judge: Aryan Jasani 1AC - Pandemics v3 |
| Mid America Cup | 5 | Opponent: Lexington Jayden Bai | Judge: Jack Quisenberry 1AC - Pandemics v4 |
| New York City Invitational Debate and Speech Tournament | 1 | Opponent: Fairmont Prep SV | Judge: Parth Misra 1AC - Pandemics v5 |
| New York City Invitational Debate and Speech Tournament | 4 | Opponent: Lexington BF | Judge: Andrew Shaw 1AC - Pandemics v6 |
| New York City Invitational Debate and Speech Tournament | 5 | Opponent: Unionville PW | Judge: Saianurag Karavadi 1AC - Ripstein v7 |
| New York City Invitational Debate and Speech Tournament | Octas | Opponent: West Des Moines Valley AM | Judge: Ben Cortez - Muhammad Khattak - Elise Matton 1AC - Pandemics v7 |
| Palm Classic | 1 | Opponent: Mission San Jose SR | Judge: Nick Fleming 1AC - Ripstein v4 |
| Palm Classic | 3 | Opponent: Sequoia AS | Judge: Yoyo Lei 1AC - Adorno |
| Palm Classic | 5 | Opponent: Marlborough FL | Judge: David Dosch 1AC - Debris v3 |
| Palm Classic | Triples | Opponent: Vestavia Hills DS | Judge: Grant Brown - Holden Bukowsky - Joseph Barquin 1AC - Adorno v2 |
| TFA State | 1 | Opponent: LanCre Justin Schnitzer | Judge: River Cook 1AC - Poland |
| TFA State | 4 | Opponent: St Agnes Ella Huang | Judge: Avery Wilson 1AC - Poland v2 |
| TFA State | 5 | Opponent: CleLak Ibraheim Maudood | Judge: Christopher Stearns 1AC - Poland v3 |
| The 47th Churchill Classic TOC and NIETOC Qualifier | 1 | Opponent: Westwood Eric Gao | Judge: Isaac Chao 1AC - Ripstein v1 |
| The 47th Churchill Classic TOC and NIETOC Qualifier | 4 | Opponent: Westlake Alexandra Coulter | Judge: Breigh Plat 1AC - Ripstein v2 |
| The 47th Churchill Classic TOC and NIETOC Qualifier | 5 | Opponent: LC Nathan Stein | Judge: Holden Bukowsky 1AC - Debris |
| The Longhorn Classic | 1 | Opponent: San Mateo Yesh Rao | Judge: Jack Quisenberry 1AC - Ripstein v8 |
| The Longhorn Classic | 3 | Opponent: Memorial Sebastian Cho | Judge: Nevin Gera 1AC - Courts v4 |
| The Longhorn Classic | 5 | Opponent: Northland Christian Collin Scamp-Gross | Judge: Samantha McLoughlin 1AC - Ripstein v9 |
| The Longhorn Classic | Doubles | Opponent: Greenhill Krutin Devesh | Judge: David Dosch - Felicity Park - Sophie Wilczynski 1AC - Courts v5 |
| University of Houston Cougar Classic | 1 | Opponent: Coppel SK | Judge: Dylan Jones 1AC - Ripstein v3 |
| University of Houston Cougar Classic | 3 | Opponent: Woodlands PA | Judge: Isaac Chao 1AC - Ripstein v3 |
| University of Houston Cougar Classic | 5 | Opponent: Woodlands AH | Judge: Collin Goemmer 1AC - Debris v2 |
| Yale University Invitational 2021 | 2 | Opponent: Bronx Science NK | Judge: Rohit Lakshman 1AC - Ripstein v4 |
| Yale University Invitational 2021 | 4 | Opponent: Olympia OE | Judge: Tyler Wood 1AC - Pandemics v2 |
| Yale University Invitational 2021 | 5 | Opponent: Byram Hills EW | Judge: Anand Rao 1AC - Ripstein v5 |
| Yale University Invitational 2021 | Triples | Opponent: Byram Hills SH | Judge: Ananya Natchukuri Mark Kivimaki Jacob Nails 1AC - Ripstein v6 |
To modify or delete round reports, edit the associated round.
Cites
| Entry | Date |
|---|---|
0 - Contact InfoTournament: Any | Round: 4 | Opponent: Any | Judge: Any | 1/14/22 |
0 - Content WarningTournament: Any | Round: 3 | Opponent: Any | Judge: Any | 9/4/21 |
0 - NavigationTournament: Any | Round: 2 | Opponent: Any | Judge: Any | 9/4/21 |
1 - Broken interpsTournament: Any | Round: 1 | Opponent: Any | Judge: Any Interpretation: The negative debater must either only contest the aff framework or Interpretation: the negative must have a counter-advocacy text in the NC Condo bad (paragraph shell) | 1/14/22 |
JF - AdornoTournament: Palm Classic | Round: 3 | Opponent: Sequoia AS | Judge: Yoyo Lei FWThere are three different projects of accounting for normativity – justification tries to ground normativity on something independent like reason – explanatory explains how something can be normative – being skeptical claims there is no normativityPrefer explanatory normativity – justification normativity fails – it delay's action, it's inappropriate, irrational and it leads to and undermines the evil of AuschwitzFreyenhagen 13 The project for accounting for normativity is only under an explanatory guide – arguments must be held up to critical scrutiny and judged in how well they explain social phenomenaFreyenhagen 2 *Bracketed for gendered language* Auschwitz and our society are evil and has normative forceFreyenhagen 3 Fabian Freyenhagen ~University of Essex~, 2013, "ADORNO'S PRACTICAL PHILOSOPHY Living Less Wrongly" Cambridge University Press, ISBN: 978-1-107-03654-3, Pages: 255-270 https://www.cambridge.org/us/academic/subjects/philosophy/twentieth-century-philosophy/adornos-practical-philosophy-living-less-wrongly?format=HBandisbn=9781107036543 SJMS Thus, the standard is consistency with the new categorical imperativeFreyenhagen 4 *Bracketed for gendered language*Fabian Freyenhagen ~University of Essex~, 2013, "ADORNO'S PRACTICAL PHILOSOPHY Living Less Wrongly" Cambridge University Press, ISBN: 978-1-107-03654-3, Pages: 255-270 https://www.cambridge.org/us/academic/subjects/philosophy/twentieth-century-philosophy/adornos-practical-philosophy-living-less-wrongly?format=HBandisbn=9781107036543 SJMS PlanI affirm resolved: The culture industry's appropriation of outer space as an object of conspiracy theory is unjustAppropriation is defined asMerriam-Webster https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/appropriation?fbclid=IwAR2mMLcn_Wms24qA4v3WiOUJZ0c5DQEhdetkCDZtJL5XvFJ2h4mGsBhpCG4 Thousands of spinoff movies, branded advertisements, CNN and Fox materially proves the cultural industry effects everyone. It alienates consumption from life erasing the real human into an active producer and passive consumer that's not even free to consume anything which challenges the system. That replaces culture with commodity and makes everything into fungible objects of exchange. Catharsis, like Wall-E and Cap Ks, make us feel rebellious which reinforces capitalism which means we're a prereq for non-commodified Kritik.Ahmed 08 Saladdin Said Ahmed (Department of Philosophy, Brock University, Canada https://philpeople.org/profiles/saladdin-ahmed), "Culture Industry, Fascism." Kritike Volume Two Number One, June 2008. http://www.kritike.org/journal/issue_3/ahmed_june2008 SJMS
Critical thought is being undermined by a lack of historical memory exemplified in Greene's Jewish Space Lasers conspiracy – that leads to fascismGiroux 21 Henry A. Giroux ~Henry Armand Giroux is an American-Canadian scholar and cultural critic. One of the founding theorists of critical pedagogy in the United States, he is best known for his pioneering work in public pedagogy, cultural studies, youth studies, higher education, media studies, and critical theory.~ "The public imagination and the dictatorship of ignorance" , Social Identities, DOI: 10.1080/13504630.2021.1931089 Published online: 14 Jun 2021. URL: https://doi.org/10.1080/13504630.2021.1931089 Conspiracy theories emerge from a consumptive-capitalist attitude toward knowledge in a socially alienated culture.Heins 07 Volker Heins (Volker Heins is Senior Fellow at the Institute for Social Research, Frankfurt University, and a Visiting Professor of Political Science at McGill University in Montreal.) "Critical theory and the traps of conspiracy thinking," Philosophy Social Criticism 2007; 33; 787, DOI: 10.1177/0191453707081675. http://psc.sagepub.com/cgi/content/abstract/33/7/787 SJMS That reproduces AuschwitzFreyenhagen 5 Fabian Freyenhagen ~University of Essex~, 2013, "ADORNO'S PRACTICAL PHILOSOPHY Living Less Wrongly" Cambridge University Press, ISBN: 978-1-107-03654-3, https://www.cambridge.org/us/academic/subjects/philosophy/twentieth-century-philosophy/adornos-practical-philosophy-living-less-wrongly?format=HBandisbn=9781107036543 SJMS Bracketed for gendered language. Enlightenment is not merely a period in 18th century Europe – because of fear of the unknown, through identity thinking, enlightenment is a process of radicalizing mythical fear in the name of demythologiziation. This all-consuming fear of the unknown maintains global systems of exploitation and oppression.Zuidervaart 15 Zuidervaart, Lambert (Lambert Zuidervaart is Professor of Philosophy Emeritus at the Institute for Christian Studies in Toronto. He is the author of Adorno's Aesthetic Theory (MIT Press), Artistic Truth, Social Philosophy after Adorno, Religion, Truth, and Social Transformation, and other books.), "Theodor W. Adorno", The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (Winter 2015 Edition), Edward N. Zalta (ed.), URL = https://plato.stanford.edu/archives/win2015/entries/adorno/. SJMS Ellipses in original. The cultural industry creates racism to sustain its fascism – only we can explain your ontologyAhmed 3 Saladdin Said Ahmed (Department of Philosophy, Brock University, Canada https://philpeople.org/profiles/saladdin-ahmed), "Culture Industry, Fascism." Kritike Volume Two Number One, June 2008. http://www.kritike.org/journal/issue_3/ahmed_june2008 SJMS MethodThe Role of the Ballot is to vote for the debater who best embraces Adorno's education after Auschwitz – this means using the debate space as an educational space to instill distance of violence and atrocitiesFreyenhagen 6 (Quoting Adorno) Fabian Freyenhagen ~University of Essex~, 2013, "ADORNO'S PRACTICAL PHILOSOPHY Living Less Wrongly" Cambridge University Press, ISBN: 978-1-107-03654-3, https://www.cambridge.org/us/academic/subjects/philosophy/twentieth-century-philosophy/adornos-practical-philosophy-living-less-wrongly?format=HBandisbn=9781107036543 SJMS Quotes from Adorno marked by bracketed inserts. Identity thinking generalizes objects under categories assuming it's capturing the object in full thereby ignoring the inherent commitment of the non-identical. Therefore, all non-negative dialectical modern thinking fails.Freyenhagen 7 Fabian Freyenhagen ~University of Essex~, 2013, "ADORNO'S PRACTICAL PHILOSOPHY Living Less Wrongly" Cambridge University Press, ISBN: 978-1-107-03654-3, https://www.cambridge.org/us/academic/subjects/philosophy/twentieth-century-philosophy/adornos-practical-philosophy-living-less-wrongly?format=HBandisbn=9781107036543 SJMS The Aff uses negative dialects to confront the non-identical it understands the subordinate needs of an object come before our concepts.Freyenhagen 8 Fabian Freyenhagen ~University of Essex~, 2013, "ADORNO'S PRACTICAL PHILOSOPHY Living Less Wrongly" Cambridge University Press, ISBN: 978-1-107-03654-3, https://www.cambridge.org/us/academic/subjects/philosophy/twentieth-century-philosophy/adornos-practical-philosophy-living-less-wrongly?format=HBandisbn=9781107036543 SJMS The aff reflects freedom by not creating knowledge out of nothing, we radically break through objectivity by critiquing the cultural industryAdorno 84 Theodor W. Adorno Bob Hullot-Kentor; Frederic Will New German Critique, No. 32. (Spring - Summer, 1984), pp. 151-171. The Essay as Form. JSTOR Stable URL: http://links.jstor.org/sici?sici=0094-033X281984212F222903A323C1513ATEAF3E2.0.CO3B2-C Free URL: http://artsites.ucsc.edu/faculty/gustafson/film20223/Adorno-The20Essay20As20Form.pdf SJMS The aff is not arbitrary we are negative dialectics by illuminate the totality without asserting its presence. Other methods fail by assuming humans control the whole but truth is not ready-madeAdorno 2 Theodor W. Adorno Bob Hullot-Kentor; Frederic Will New German Critique, No. 32. (Spring - Summer, 1984), pp. 151-171. The Essay as Form. JSTOR Stable URL: http://links.jstor.org/sici?sici=0094-033X281984212F222903A323C1513ATEAF3E2.0.CO3B2-C Free URL: http://artsites.ucsc.edu/faculty/gustafson/film20223/Adorno-The20Essay20As20Form.pdf SJMS | 2/12/22 |
JF - Adorno v2Tournament: Palm Classic | Round: Triples | Opponent: Vestavia Hills DS | Judge: Grant Brown - Holden Bukowsky - Joseph Barquin FWThere are three different projects of accounting for normativity – justification tries to ground normativity on something independent like reason – explanatory explains how something can be normative – being skeptical claims there is no normativityPrefer explanatory normativity – justification normativity fails – it delay's action, it's inappropriate, irrational and it leads to and undermines the evil of AuschwitzFreyenhagen 13 Auschwitz and our society are evil and has normative forceFreyenhagen 2 Fabian Freyenhagen ~University of Essex~, 2013, "ADORNO'S PRACTICAL PHILOSOPHY Living Less Wrongly" Cambridge University Press, ISBN: 978-1-107-03654-3, Pages: 255-270 https://www.cambridge.org/us/academic/subjects/philosophy/twentieth-century-philosophy/adornos-practical-philosophy-living-less-wrongly?format=HBandisbn=9781107036543 SJMS Thus, the standard is consistency with the new categorical imperativeFreyenhagen 3 *Bracketed for gendered language*Fabian Freyenhagen ~University of Essex~, 2013, "ADORNO'S PRACTICAL PHILOSOPHY Living Less Wrongly" Cambridge University Press, ISBN: 978-1-107-03654-3, Pages: 255-270 https://www.cambridge.org/us/academic/subjects/philosophy/twentieth-century-philosophy/adornos-practical-philosophy-living-less-wrongly?format=HBandisbn=9781107036543 SJMS Identity thinking generalizes objects under categories assuming it's capturing the object in full thereby ignoring the inherent commitment of the non-identical. Therefore, all non-negative dialectical modern thinking fails.Freyenhagen 4 Fabian Freyenhagen ~University of Essex~, 2013, "ADORNO'S PRACTICAL PHILOSOPHY Living Less Wrongly" Cambridge University Press, ISBN: 978-1-107-03654-3, https://www.cambridge.org/us/academic/subjects/philosophy/twentieth-century-philosophy/adornos-practical-philosophy-living-less-wrongly?format=HBandisbn=9781107036543 SJMS The Role of the Ballot is to vote for the debater who best embraces Adorno's education after Auschwitz – this means using the debate space as an educational space to instill distance of violence and atrocitiesFreyenhagen 5 (Quoting Adorno) Fabian Freyenhagen ~University of Essex~, 2013, "ADORNO'S PRACTICAL PHILOSOPHY Living Less Wrongly" Cambridge University Press, ISBN: 978-1-107-03654-3, https://www.cambridge.org/us/academic/subjects/philosophy/twentieth-century-philosophy/adornos-practical-philosophy-living-less-wrongly?format=HBandisbn=9781107036543 SJMS Quotes from Adorno marked by bracketed inserts. PlanI affirm resolved: The culture industry's appropriation of outer space as an object of conspiracy theory is unjustAppropriation is defined asMerriam-Webster https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/appropriation?fbclid=IwAR2mMLcn_Wms24qA4v3WiOUJZ0c5DQEhdetkCDZtJL5XvFJ2h4mGsBhpCG4 Thousands of spinoff movies, branded advertisements, CNN and Fox materially proves the cultural industry effects everyone. It alienates consumption from life erasing the real human into an active producer and passive consumer that's not even free to consume anything which challenges the system. That replaces culture with commodity and makes everything into fungible objects of exchange. Catharsis, like Wall-E and Cap Ks, make us feel rebellious which reinforces capitalism which means we're a prereq for non-commodified Kritik.Ahmed 08 Saladdin Said Ahmed (Department of Philosophy, Brock University, Canada https://philpeople.org/profiles/saladdin-ahmed), "Culture Industry, Fascism." Kritike Volume Two Number One, June 2008. http://www.kritike.org/journal/issue_3/ahmed_june2008 SJMS
Critical thought is being undermined by a lack of historical memory exemplified in Greene's Jewish Space Lasers conspiracy – that leads to fascismGiroux 21 Henry A. Giroux ~Henry Armand Giroux is an American-Canadian scholar and cultural critic. One of the founding theorists of critical pedagogy in the United States, he is best known for his pioneering work in public pedagogy, cultural studies, youth studies, higher education, media studies, and critical theory.~ "The public imagination and the dictatorship of ignorance" , Social Identities, DOI: 10.1080/13504630.2021.1931089 Published online: 14 Jun 2021. URL: https://doi.org/10.1080/13504630.2021.1931089 That reproduces AuschwitzFreyenhagen 5 Fabian Freyenhagen ~University of Essex~, 2013, "ADORNO'S PRACTICAL PHILOSOPHY Living Less Wrongly" Cambridge University Press, ISBN: 978-1-107-03654-3, https://www.cambridge.org/us/academic/subjects/philosophy/twentieth-century-philosophy/adornos-practical-philosophy-living-less-wrongly?format=HBandisbn=9781107036543 SJMS Bracketed for gendered language. Enlightenment is not merely a period in 18th century Europe – because of fear of the unknown, through identity thinking, enlightenment is a process of radicalizing mythical fear in the name of demythologiziation. This all-consuming fear of the unknown maintains global systems of exploitation and oppression.Zuidervaart 15 Zuidervaart, Lambert (Lambert Zuidervaart is Professor of Philosophy Emeritus at the Institute for Christian Studies in Toronto. He is the author of Adorno's Aesthetic Theory (MIT Press), Artistic Truth, Social Philosophy after Adorno, Religion, Truth, and Social Transformation, and other books.), "Theodor W. Adorno", The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (Winter 2015 Edition), Edward N. Zalta (ed.), URL = https://plato.stanford.edu/archives/win2015/entries/adorno/. SJMS Ellipses in original. The cultural industry creates racism to sustain its fascism – only we can explain your ontologyAhmed 3 Saladdin Said Ahmed (Department of Philosophy, Brock University, Canada https://philpeople.org/profiles/saladdin-ahmed), "Culture Industry, Fascism." Kritike Volume Two Number One, June 2008. http://www.kritike.org/journal/issue_3/ahmed_june2008 SJMS MethodThe Aff uses negative dialects to confront the non-identical it understands the subordinate needs of an object come before our concepts.Freyenhagen 8 Fabian Freyenhagen ~University of Essex~, 2013, "ADORNO'S PRACTICAL PHILOSOPHY Living Less Wrongly" Cambridge University Press, ISBN: 978-1-107-03654-3, https://www.cambridge.org/us/academic/subjects/philosophy/twentieth-century-philosophy/adornos-practical-philosophy-living-less-wrongly?format=HBandisbn=9781107036543 SJMS The aff reflects freedom by not creating knowledge out of nothing, we radically break through objectivity by critiquing the cultural industryAdorno 84 Theodor W. Adorno Bob Hullot-Kentor; Frederic Will New German Critique, No. 32. (Spring - Summer, 1984), pp. 151-171. The Essay as Form. JSTOR Stable URL: http://links.jstor.org/sici?sici=0094-033X281984212F222903A323C1513ATEAF3E2.0.CO3B2-C Free URL: http://artsites.ucsc.edu/faculty/gustafson/film20223/Adorno-The20Essay20As20Form.pdf SJMS We don't need to win psychoanalysis, but the historically proved relationship between power figures and the masses promotes fascism and sustains the cultural industry.Ahmed 08 Bracketed for ableist language Saladdin Said Ahmed (Department of Philosophy, Brock University, Canada https://philpeople.org/profiles/saladdin-ahmed), "Culture Industry, Fascism." Kritike Volume Two Number One, June 2008. http://www.kritike.org/journal/issue_3/ahmed_june2008 | 2/18/22 |
JF - Adorno v3Tournament: 48th Annual Harvard National Forensics Tournament | Round: 2 | Opponent: Lake Highland Prep WH | Judge: Reed Weiler Trigger warning: This K will discuss non-explicit mentions of anti-semitic violenceFWThere are three different projects of accounting for normativity – justification tries to ground normativity on something independent like reason – explanatory explains how something can be normative – being skeptical claims there is no normativityPrefer explanatory normativity – justification normativity fails – it delay's action, it's inappropriate, irrational and it leads to and undermines the evil of AuschwitzFreyenhagen 13 Auschwitz and our society are evil and has normative forceFreyenhagen 2 Fabian Freyenhagen ~University of Essex~, 2013, "ADORNO'S PRACTICAL PHILOSOPHY Living Less Wrongly" Cambridge University Press, ISBN: 978-1-107-03654-3, Pages: 255-270 https://www.cambridge.org/us/academic/subjects/philosophy/twentieth-century-philosophy/adornos-practical-philosophy-living-less-wrongly?format=HBandisbn=9781107036543 SJMS Thus, the standard is consistency with the new categorical imperativeFreyenhagen 3 *Bracketed for gendered language*Fabian Freyenhagen ~University of Essex~, 2013, "ADORNO'S PRACTICAL PHILOSOPHY Living Less Wrongly" Cambridge University Press, ISBN: 978-1-107-03654-3, Pages: 255-270 https://www.cambridge.org/us/academic/subjects/philosophy/twentieth-century-philosophy/adornos-practical-philosophy-living-less-wrongly?format=HBandisbn=9781107036543 SJMS Identity thinking generalizes objects under categories assuming it's capturing the object in full thereby ignoring the inherent commitment of the non-identical. Therefore, all non-negative dialectical modern thinking fails.Freyenhagen 4 Fabian Freyenhagen ~University of Essex~, 2013, "ADORNO'S PRACTICAL PHILOSOPHY Living Less Wrongly" Cambridge University Press, ISBN: 978-1-107-03654-3, https://www.cambridge.org/us/academic/subjects/philosophy/twentieth-century-philosophy/adornos-practical-philosophy-living-less-wrongly?format=HBandisbn=9781107036543 SJMS The Role of the Ballot is to vote for the debater who best embraces Adorno's education after Auschwitz – this means using the debate space as an educational space to instill distance of violence and atrocitiesFreyenhagen 5 (Quoting Adorno) Fabian Freyenhagen ~University of Essex~, 2013, "ADORNO'S PRACTICAL PHILOSOPHY Living Less Wrongly" Cambridge University Press, ISBN: 978-1-107-03654-3, https://www.cambridge.org/us/academic/subjects/philosophy/twentieth-century-philosophy/adornos-practical-philosophy-living-less-wrongly?format=HBandisbn=9781107036543 SJMS Quotes from Adorno marked by bracketed inserts. PlanI affirm resolved: The culture industry's appropriation of outer space as an object of conspiracy theory is unjustAppropriation is defined asMerriam-Webster https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/appropriation?fbclid=IwAR2mMLcn_Wms24qA4v3WiOUJZ0c5DQEhdetkCDZtJL5XvFJ2h4mGsBhpCG4 Thousands of spinoff movies, branded advertisements, CNN and Fox materially proves the cultural industry effects everyone. It alienates consumption from life erasing the real human into an active producer and passive consumer that's not even free to consume anything which challenges the system. That replaces culture with commodity and makes everything into fungible objects of exchange. Catharsis, like Wall-E and Cap Ks, make us feel rebellious which reinforces capitalism which means we're a prereq for non-commodified Kritik.Ahmed 08 Saladdin Said Ahmed (Department of Philosophy, Brock University, Canada https://philpeople.org/profiles/saladdin-ahmed), "Culture Industry, Fascism." Kritike Volume Two Number One, June 2008. http://www.kritike.org/journal/issue_3/ahmed_june2008 SJMS
Critical thought is being undermined by a lack of historical memory exemplified in Greene's Jewish Space Lasers conspiracy – that leads to fascismGiroux 21 Henry A. Giroux ~Henry Armand Giroux is an American-Canadian scholar and cultural critic. One of the founding theorists of critical pedagogy in the United States, he is best known for his pioneering work in public pedagogy, cultural studies, youth studies, higher education, media studies, and critical theory.~ "The public imagination and the dictatorship of ignorance" , Social Identities, DOI: 10.1080/13504630.2021.1931089 Published online: 14 Jun 2021. URL: https://doi.org/10.1080/13504630.2021.1931089 That reproduces AuschwitzFreyenhagen 6 Fabian Freyenhagen ~University of Essex~, 2013, "ADORNO'S PRACTICAL PHILOSOPHY Living Less Wrongly" Cambridge University Press, ISBN: 978-1-107-03654-3, https://www.cambridge.org/us/academic/subjects/philosophy/twentieth-century-philosophy/adornos-practical-philosophy-living-less-wrongly?format=HBandisbn=9781107036543 SJMS Bracketed for gendered language. Enlightenment is not merely a period in 18th century Europe – because of fear of the unknown, through identity thinking, enlightenment is a process of radicalizing mythical fear in the name of demythologiziation. This all-consuming fear of the unknown maintains global systems of exploitation and oppression.Zuidervaart 15 Zuidervaart, Lambert (Lambert Zuidervaart is Professor of Philosophy Emeritus at the Institute for Christian Studies in Toronto. He is the author of Adorno's Aesthetic Theory (MIT Press), Artistic Truth, Social Philosophy after Adorno, Religion, Truth, and Social Transformation, and other books.), "Theodor W. Adorno", The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (Winter 2015 Edition), Edward N. Zalta (ed.), URL = https://plato.stanford.edu/archives/win2015/entries/adorno/. SJMS Ellipses in original. The cultural industry creates racism to sustain its fascism – only we can explain your ontologyAhmed 2 Saladdin Said Ahmed (Department of Philosophy, Brock University, Canada https://philpeople.org/profiles/saladdin-ahmed), "Culture Industry, Fascism." Kritike Volume Two Number One, June 2008. http://www.kritike.org/journal/issue_3/ahmed_june2008 SJMS MethodThe Aff uses negative dialects to confront the non-identical it understands the subordinate needs of an object come before our concepts.Freyenhagen 7 Fabian Freyenhagen ~University of Essex~, 2013, "ADORNO'S PRACTICAL PHILOSOPHY Living Less Wrongly" Cambridge University Press, ISBN: 978-1-107-03654-3, https://www.cambridge.org/us/academic/subjects/philosophy/twentieth-century-philosophy/adornos-practical-philosophy-living-less-wrongly?format=HBandisbn=9781107036543 SJMS The aff reflects freedom by not creating knowledge out of nothing, we radically break through objectivity by critiquing the cultural industryAdorno 84 Theodor W. Adorno Bob Hullot-Kentor; Frederic Will New German Critique, No. 32. (Spring - Summer, 1984), pp. 151-171. The Essay as Form. JSTOR Stable URL: http://links.jstor.org/sici?sici=0094-033X281984212F222903A323C1513ATEAF3E2.0.CO3B2-C Free URL: http://artsites.ucsc.edu/faculty/gustafson/film20223/Adorno-The20Essay20As20Form.pdf SJMS | 2/19/22 |
JF - Adorno v4Tournament: 48th Annual Harvard National Forensics Tournament | Round: Doubles | Opponent: Iowa City West NW | Judge: Jenn Melin - Hever Arjon - Kenji Aoki Trigger warning: This K will discuss non-explicit mentions of anti-semitic violenceFWThere are three different projects of accounting for normativity – justification tries to ground normativity on something independent like reason – explanatory explains how something can be normative – being skeptical claims there is no normativityPrefer explanatory normativity – justification normativity fails – it delay's action, it's inappropriate, irrational and it leads to and undermines the evil of AuschwitzFreyenhagen 13 Auschwitz and our society are evil and has normative forceFreyenhagen 2 Fabian Freyenhagen ~University of Essex~, 2013, "ADORNO'S PRACTICAL PHILOSOPHY Living Less Wrongly" Cambridge University Press, ISBN: 978-1-107-03654-3, Pages: 255-270 https://www.cambridge.org/us/academic/subjects/philosophy/twentieth-century-philosophy/adornos-practical-philosophy-living-less-wrongly?format=HBandisbn=9781107036543 SJMS Thus, the standard is consistency with the new categorical imperativeFreyenhagen 3 *Bracketed for gendered language*Fabian Freyenhagen ~University of Essex~, 2013, "ADORNO'S PRACTICAL PHILOSOPHY Living Less Wrongly" Cambridge University Press, ISBN: 978-1-107-03654-3, Pages: 255-270 https://www.cambridge.org/us/academic/subjects/philosophy/twentieth-century-philosophy/adornos-practical-philosophy-living-less-wrongly?format=HBandisbn=9781107036543 SJMS Identity thinking generalizes objects under categories assuming it's capturing the object in full thereby ignoring the inherent commitment of the non-identical. Therefore, all non-negative dialectical modern thinking fails.Freyenhagen 4 Fabian Freyenhagen ~University of Essex~, 2013, "ADORNO'S PRACTICAL PHILOSOPHY Living Less Wrongly" Cambridge University Press, ISBN: 978-1-107-03654-3, https://www.cambridge.org/us/academic/subjects/philosophy/twentieth-century-philosophy/adornos-practical-philosophy-living-less-wrongly?format=HBandisbn=9781107036543 SJMS The Role of the Ballot is to vote for the debater who best embraces Adorno's education after Auschwitz – this means using the debate space as an educational space to instill distance of violence and atrocitiesFreyenhagen 5 (Quoting Adorno) Fabian Freyenhagen ~University of Essex~, 2013, "ADORNO'S PRACTICAL PHILOSOPHY Living Less Wrongly" Cambridge University Press, ISBN: 978-1-107-03654-3, https://www.cambridge.org/us/academic/subjects/philosophy/twentieth-century-philosophy/adornos-practical-philosophy-living-less-wrongly?format=HBandisbn=9781107036543 SJMS Quotes from Adorno marked by bracketed inserts. PlanI affirm resolved: The culture industry's appropriation of outer space as an object of conspiracy theory is unjustAppropriation is defined asMerriam-Webster https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/appropriation?fbclid=IwAR2mMLcn_Wms24qA4v3WiOUJZ0c5DQEhdetkCDZtJL5XvFJ2h4mGsBhpCG4 Thousands of spinoff movies, branded advertisements, CNN and Fox materially proves the cultural industry effects everyone. It alienates consumption from life erasing the real human into an active producer and passive consumer that's not even free to consume anything which challenges the system. That replaces culture with commodity and makes everything into fungible objects of exchange. Catharsis, like Wall-E and Cap Ks, make us feel rebellious which reinforces capitalism which means we're a prereq for non-commodified Kritik.Ahmed 08 Saladdin Said Ahmed (Department of Philosophy, Brock University, Canada https://philpeople.org/profiles/saladdin-ahmed), "Culture Industry, Fascism." Kritike Volume Two Number One, June 2008. http://www.kritike.org/journal/issue_3/ahmed_june2008 SJMS
Critical thought is being undermined by a lack of historical memory exemplified in Greene's Jewish Space Lasers conspiracy – that leads to fascismGiroux 21 Henry A. Giroux ~Henry Armand Giroux is an American-Canadian scholar and cultural critic. One of the founding theorists of critical pedagogy in the United States, he is best known for his pioneering work in public pedagogy, cultural studies, youth studies, higher education, media studies, and critical theory.~ "The public imagination and the dictatorship of ignorance" , Social Identities, DOI: 10.1080/13504630.2021.1931089 Published online: 14 Jun 2021. URL: https://doi.org/10.1080/13504630.2021.1931089 That reproduces AuschwitzFreyenhagen 6 Fabian Freyenhagen ~University of Essex~, 2013, "ADORNO'S PRACTICAL PHILOSOPHY Living Less Wrongly" Cambridge University Press, ISBN: 978-1-107-03654-3, https://www.cambridge.org/us/academic/subjects/philosophy/twentieth-century-philosophy/adornos-practical-philosophy-living-less-wrongly?format=HBandisbn=9781107036543 SJMS Bracketed for gendered language. Enlightenment is not merely a period in 18th century Europe – because of fear of the unknown, through identity thinking, enlightenment is a process of radicalizing mythical fear in the name of demythologiziation. This all-consuming fear of the unknown maintains global systems of exploitation and oppression.Zuidervaart 15 Zuidervaart, Lambert (Lambert Zuidervaart is Professor of Philosophy Emeritus at the Institute for Christian Studies in Toronto. He is the author of Adorno's Aesthetic Theory (MIT Press), Artistic Truth, Social Philosophy after Adorno, Religion, Truth, and Social Transformation, and other books.), "Theodor W. Adorno", The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (Winter 2015 Edition), Edward N. Zalta (ed.), URL = https://plato.stanford.edu/archives/win2015/entries/adorno/. SJMS Ellipses in original. MethodThe Aff uses negative dialects to confront the non-identical it understands the subordinate needs of an object come before our concepts.Freyenhagen 7 Fabian Freyenhagen ~University of Essex~, 2013, "ADORNO'S PRACTICAL PHILOSOPHY Living Less Wrongly" Cambridge University Press, ISBN: 978-1-107-03654-3, https://www.cambridge.org/us/academic/subjects/philosophy/twentieth-century-philosophy/adornos-practical-philosophy-living-less-wrongly?format=HBandisbn=9781107036543 SJMS The aff reflects freedom by not creating knowledge out of nothing, we radically break through objectivity by critiquing the cultural industryAdorno 84 Theodor W. Adorno Bob Hullot-Kentor; Frederic Will New German Critique, No. 32. (Spring - Summer, 1984), pp. 151-171. The Essay as Form. JSTOR Stable URL: http://links.jstor.org/sici?sici=0094-033X281984212F222903A323C1513ATEAF3E2.0.CO3B2-C Free URL: http://artsites.ucsc.edu/faculty/gustafson/film20223/Adorno-The20Essay20As20Form.pdf SJMS UVTheory is a link: it attempts to build an internally consistent conceptual system in which every argument can be labeled either allowed or not allowed but the more and more it strives to do so the more and more we will find elements of the non-identical that don't conform. Using punitive measures to enforce theory norms, therefore, becomes a type of repression that recreates the debate community into a totally administered world.2. CX checks on any spec shells solves all your offense3. Fairness isn't possible in an administered world because the need to use instrumental reasoning to survive always makes us necessarily complicit in unfair forces. For example, to eat I might need to buy food from a company that mistreats its workers.4. Spec ROB is infinitely regressive and any 1ar rearticulations or shifts are rejected by the judge and 2nr theory and also you can make arguments about how the ROB should function, and if the ROB doesn't take a stance it's just not offensive for me | 2/21/22 |
JF - Adorno v5Tournament: 48th Annual Harvard National Forensics Tournament | Round: Octas | Opponent: Scripps Ranch AS | Judge: Sreyaash Das - Tahj Johnson - Saianurag Karavadi Trigger warning: This K will discuss non-explicit mentions of anti-semitic violenceFWThere are three different projects of accounting for normativity – justification tries to ground normativity on something independent like reason – explanatory explains how something can be normative – being skeptical claims there is no normativityPrefer explanatory normativity – justification normativity fails – it delay's action, it's inappropriate, irrational and it leads to and undermines the evil of AuschwitzFreyenhagen 13 Auschwitz and our society are evil and has normative forceFreyenhagen 2 Fabian Freyenhagen ~University of Essex~, 2013, "ADORNO'S PRACTICAL PHILOSOPHY Living Less Wrongly" Cambridge University Press, ISBN: 978-1-107-03654-3, Pages: 255-270 https://www.cambridge.org/us/academic/subjects/philosophy/twentieth-century-philosophy/adornos-practical-philosophy-living-less-wrongly?format=HBandisbn=9781107036543 SJMS Thus, the standard is consistency with the new categorical imperativeFreyenhagen 3 *Bracketed for problematic language*Fabian Freyenhagen ~University of Essex~, 2013, "ADORNO'S PRACTICAL PHILOSOPHY Living Less Wrongly" Cambridge University Press, ISBN: 978-1-107-03654-3, Pages: 255-270 https://www.cambridge.org/us/academic/subjects/philosophy/twentieth-century-philosophy/adornos-practical-philosophy-living-less-wrongly?format=HBandisbn=9781107036543 SJMS Identity thinking generalizes objects under categories assuming it's capturing the object in full thereby ignoring the inherent commitment of the non-identical. Therefore, all non-negative dialectical modern thinking fails.Freyenhagen 4 Fabian Freyenhagen ~University of Essex~, 2013, "ADORNO'S PRACTICAL PHILOSOPHY Living Less Wrongly" Cambridge University Press, ISBN: 978-1-107-03654-3, https://www.cambridge.org/us/academic/subjects/philosophy/twentieth-century-philosophy/adornos-practical-philosophy-living-less-wrongly?format=HBandisbn=9781107036543 SJMS The Role of the Ballot is to vote for the debater who best embraces Adorno's education after Auschwitz – this means using the debate space as an educational space to instill distance of violence and atrocitiesFreyenhagen 5 (Quoting Adorno) Fabian Freyenhagen ~University of Essex~, 2013, "ADORNO'S PRACTICAL PHILOSOPHY Living Less Wrongly" Cambridge University Press, ISBN: 978-1-107-03654-3, https://www.cambridge.org/us/academic/subjects/philosophy/twentieth-century-philosophy/adornos-practical-philosophy-living-less-wrongly?format=HBandisbn=9781107036543 SJMS Quotes from Adorno marked by bracketed inserts. PlanI affirm resolved: The culture industry's appropriation of outer space as an object of conspiracy theory is unjustAppropriation is defined asMerriam-Webster https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/appropriation?fbclid=IwAR2mMLcn_Wms24qA4v3WiOUJZ0c5DQEhdetkCDZtJL5XvFJ2h4mGsBhpCG4 CSAFrom HWL's cap aff jameson OffenseThousands of spinoff movies, branded advertisements, CNN and Fox materially proves the cultural industry effects everyone. It alienates consumption from life erasing the real human into an active producer and passive consumer that's not even free to consume anything which challenges the system. That replaces culture with commodity and makes everything into fungible objects of exchange. Catharsis, like Wall-E and Cap Ks, make us feel rebellious which reinforces capitalism which means we're a prereq for non-commodified Kritik.Ahmed 08 Saladdin Said Ahmed (Department of Philosophy, Brock University, Canada https://philpeople.org/profiles/saladdin-ahmed), "Culture Industry, Fascism." Kritike Volume Two Number One, June 2008. http://www.kritike.org/journal/issue_3/ahmed_june2008 SJMS
Critical thought is being undermined by a lack of historical memory exemplified in Greene's Jewish Space Lasers conspiracy – that leads to fascismGiroux 21 Henry A. Giroux ~Henry Armand Giroux is an American-Canadian scholar and cultural critic. One of the founding theorists of critical pedagogy in the United States, he is best known for his pioneering work in public pedagogy, cultural studies, youth studies, higher education, media studies, and critical theory.~ "The public imagination and the dictatorship of ignorance" , Social Identities, DOI: 10.1080/13504630.2021.1931089 Published online: 14 Jun 2021. URL: https://doi.org/10.1080/13504630.2021.1931089 That reproduces AuschwitzFreyenhagen 6 Fabian Freyenhagen ~University of Essex~, 2013, "ADORNO'S PRACTICAL PHILOSOPHY Living Less Wrongly" Cambridge University Press, ISBN: 978-1-107-03654-3, https://www.cambridge.org/us/academic/subjects/philosophy/twentieth-century-philosophy/adornos-practical-philosophy-living-less-wrongly?format=HBandisbn=9781107036543 SJMS Bracketed for gendered language. Enlightenment is not merely a period in 18th century Europe – because of fear of the unknown, through identity thinking, enlightenment is a process of radicalizing mythical fear in the name of demythologiziation. This all-consuming fear of the unknown maintains global systems of exploitation and oppression.Zuidervaart 15 Zuidervaart, Lambert (Lambert Zuidervaart is Professor of Philosophy Emeritus at the Institute for Christian Studies in Toronto. He is the author of Adorno's Aesthetic Theory (MIT Press), Artistic Truth, Social Philosophy after Adorno, Religion, Truth, and Social Transformation, and other books.), "Theodor W. Adorno", The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (Winter 2015 Edition), Edward N. Zalta (ed.), URL = https://plato.stanford.edu/archives/win2015/entries/adorno/. SJMS Ellipses in original. The ideals of a group do not matter when it is fascistically structured– only we can explain your ontologyAhmed 08 Saladdin Said Ahmed (Department of Philosophy, Brock University, Canada https://philpeople.org/profiles/saladdin-ahmed), "Culture Industry, Fascism." Kritike Volume Two Number One, June 2008. http://www.kritike.org/journal/issue_3/ahmed_june2008 SJMS MethodThe Aff uses negative dialects to confront the non-identical it understands the subordinate needs of an object come before our concepts.Freyenhagen 7 Fabian Freyenhagen ~University of Essex~, 2013, "ADORNO'S PRACTICAL PHILOSOPHY Living Less Wrongly" Cambridge University Press, ISBN: 978-1-107-03654-3, https://www.cambridge.org/us/academic/subjects/philosophy/twentieth-century-philosophy/adornos-practical-philosophy-living-less-wrongly?format=HBandisbn=9781107036543 SJMS The aff reflects freedom by not creating knowledge out of nothing, we radically break through objectivity by critiquing the cultural industryAdorno 84 Theodor W. Adorno Bob Hullot-Kentor; Frederic Will New German Critique, No. 32. (Spring - Summer, 1984), pp. 151-171. The Essay as Form. JSTOR Stable URL: http://links.jstor.org/sici?sici=0094-033X281984212F222903A323C1513ATEAF3E2.0.CO3B2-C Free URL: http://artsites.ucsc.edu/faculty/gustafson/film20223/Adorno-The20Essay20As20Form.pdf SJMS We don't need to win psychoanalysis, but the historically proved relationship between power figures and the masses promotes fascism and sustains the cultural industry.Ahmed 08 Bracketed for ableist language Saladdin Said Ahmed (Department of Philosophy, Brock University, Canada https://philpeople.org/profiles/saladdin-ahmed), "Culture Industry, Fascism." Kritike Volume Two Number One, June 2008. http://www.kritike.org/journal/issue_3/ahmed_june2008 | 2/21/22 |
JF - DebrisTournament: The 47th Churchill Classic TOC and NIETOC Qualifier | Round: 5 | Opponent: LC Nathan Stein | Judge: Holden Bukowsky 1AC - PlanPlan – The appropriation of outer space through the production of space debris by private entities is unjust.Revising the Outer Space Treaty curbs the impact of space debris – timeframe is crucial.Shah 20 – Sachin, 8/30/20, ~"Aug 30 The International Legal Regulation of Space Debris," CORNELL UNDERGRADUATE LAW and SOCIETY REVIEW, Administrative, Policy, Technology, https://www.culsr.org/articles/the-international-legal-regulation-of-space-debris~~ Justin Private entities are non-governmental.Dunk 11 – Frans G. von der Dunk, 2011, ~"The Origins of Authorisation: Article VI of the Outer Space Treaty and International Space Law," University of Nebraska~ Justin Removal efforts are complements to the plan not the silver bullet.Rada Popova 18, European Space Agency Project Co-Manager and PhD Faculty of Law @ Universitat zu Koln, "The Legal Framework for Space Debris Remediation as a Tool for Sustainability in Outer Space," Aerospace, MDPI, doi:10.3390/aerospace5020055 *adr = active debris removal, sdr = space debris remediation, OOS = on orbit servicing Exemptions destroy the coercive power of legal regimes – causes circumvention across the board.Hickman and Dolman 2 – John and Everett, 2002, Associate professor in the Department of Government and International Studies at Berry College in Mt. Berry, ~"Resurrecting the Space Age: A State–Centered Commentary on the Outer Space Regime," Volume 21 Number 1, https://doi.org/10.1080/014959302317350855~~ Elmer Recut Justin 1AC – Adv – Debris ~Long/Spam Impacts~The advantage is Debris –Privatization of space leads to unchecked debris.Muelhaupt et al. 19 – Theodore, Marlon Sorge, Jamie Morin, and Robert Wilson, 6/18/19, Center for Orbital and Reentry Debris Studies, Center for Space Policy and Strategy, The Aerospace Corporation, 30 year Space Systems Analyst and Operator, ~"Space traffic management in the new space era," Journal of Space Safety Engineering, https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S246889671930045X?via3Dihub~~ Justin Feedback loops of technology cause increasing development and debris.Bernat 20 – Pawel, 2020, Military University of Aviation, ~"ORBITAL SATELLITE CONSTELLATIONS AND THE GROWING THREAT OF KESSLER SYNDROME IN THE LOWER EARTH ORBIT," SAFETY ENGINEERING OF ANTHROPOGENIC OBJECTS, Volume 4, PDF~ Justin Invisible tipping points trigger the Kessler Syndrome.Thompson 21 – Clive, 11/17/21, Clive Thompson is a contributing writer for the New York Times Magazine, a columnist for Wired and Smithsonian magazines, and a regular contributor to Mother Jones. He's the author of Coders: The Making of a New Tribe and the Remaking of the World, and Smarter Than You Think: How Technology is Changing our Minds for the Better. He's @pomeranian99 on Twitter and Instagram, ~"Get Ready for the "Kessler Syndrome" to Wreck Outer Space," OneZero, https://onezero.medium.com/get-ready-for-the-kessler-syndrome-to-wreck-outer-space-7f29cfe62c3e~~ Justin Privatization exponentially increases the curve but ending dangerous missions stops it.Bernat 20 – Pawel, 2020, Military University of Aviation, ~"ORBITAL SATELLITE CONSTELLATIONS AND THE GROWING THREAT OF KESSLER SYNDROME IN THE LOWER EARTH ORBIT," SAFETY ENGINEERING OF ANTHROPOGENIC OBJECTS, Volume 4, PDF~ Justin Models are rigorous and robust – inserted below.—-To clarify this is the methodology for above chart. Debris triggers miscalculated war.Peter Dockrill 16. Award-winning science and technology journalist. "Space Junk Accidents Could Trigger Armed Conflict, Study Finds." https://www.sciencealert.com/space-junk-accidents-could-trigger-armed-conflict-expert-warns. Specifically—-China, Iran, and Noko.Beauchamp 14 – Zack, 4/21/14, Zack Beauchamp is a senior correspondent at Vox, where he covers global politics and ideology, and a host of Worldly, Vox's podcast on foreign policy and international relations. His work focuses on the rise of the populist right across the West, the role of identity in American politics, and how fringe ideologies shape the mainstream. Before coming to Vox, he edited TP Ideas, a section of Think Progress devoted to the ideas shaping our political world. He has an MSc from the London School of Economics in International Relations and grew up in Washington, DC, where he currently lives with his wife, daughter, and two (rescue) dogs ~"How space trash could start a nuclear war," Vox, https://www.vox.com/2014/4/21/5625246/space-war-china-north-korea-iran~~ Justin *Brackets added for ableist language ====No checks on escalation.==== Any nuclear war causes extinction – ice age and famine.Steven Starr 15 ~Director of the University of Missouri's Clinical Laboratory Science Program, as well as a senior scientist at the Physicians for Social Responsibility. He has worked with the Swiss, Chilean, and Swedish governments in support of their efforts at the United Nations to eliminate thousands of high-alert, launch-ready U.S. and Russian nuclear weapons. "Nuclear War: An Unrecognized Mass Extinction Event Waiting To Happen." Ratical. March 2015. https://ratical.org/radiation/NuclearExtinction/StevenStarr022815.html~~ TG Satellites solves the grid and every extinction threat.Pellegrino and Stang 16 —- Massimo Pellegrino, Master's Degree in Space Studies from ISU, with Gerald Stang, Senior Associate Analyst at the EUISS, holds BSc and MSc degrees in chemical engineering from the University of Saskatchewan and an MA in international affairs from the School of International and Public Affairs at Columbia University ("Space Security for Europe", EU Institute for Security Studies, published July 2016, https://www.iss.europa.eu/content/space-security-europe, accessed 7-10-2019) bm Grid collapse causes extinction.Friedemann 16 —- Alice, transportation expert, founder of EnergySkeptic.com, citing Dr Peter Vincent Pry, executive director of the Task Force on National and Homeland Security, a Congressional advisory board dedicated to achieving protection of the United States from electromagnetic pulse and other threats, ("Electromagnetic pulse threat to infrastructure (U.S. House hearings)", 1-24-2016, http://energyskeptic.com/2016/the-scariest-u-s-house-session-ever-electromagnetic-pulse-and-the-fall-of-civilization/) Externally, acidification.Land et al 15 —- Phys.org, citing a study sanctioned by the University of Exeter by Peter E. Land, Jamie D. Shutler, Helen S. Findlay, Fanny Girard-Ardhuin, Roberto Sabia, Nicolas Reul, Jean-Francois Piolle, Bertrand Chapron, Yves Quilfen, Joseph Salisbury, Douglas Vandemark, Richard Bellerby, and Punyasloke Bhadury ("Satellite images reveal ocean acidification from space," 2-17-2015, https://phys.org/news/2015-02-satellite-images-reveal-ocean-acidification.html, accessed 8-24-2019) bm Extinction.Merchant 15 (Brian, Senior Editor, Motherboard at VICE Media, Inc. He's appeared on CNN, MSNBC, BBC World News, and NPR, VICE, April 9, 2015, http://motherboard.vice.com/read/the-last-time-our-oceans-got-this-acidic-it-drove-earths-greatest-extinction) 1AC – FramingThe standard is maximizing expected wellbeing.1~ Actor spec—governments must use util because they don't have intentions and are constantly dealing with tradeoffs—outweighs since different agents have different obligations—takes out calc indicts since they are empirically denied.Johnson and Thayer 16 – Dominic D. P. Johnson, D.Phil., Ph.D.* and Bradley A. Thayer, Ph.D., "The evolution of offensive realism Survival under anarchy from the Pleistocene to the present," https://www.cambridge.org/core/services/aop-cambridge-core/content/view/56B778004187F70B8E59609BE7FEE7A4/S073093841600006Xa.pdf/div-class-title-the-evolution-of-offensive-realism-div.pdf 2~ Extinction outweighsMacAskill 14 ~William, Oxford Philosopher and youngest tenured philosopher in the world, Normative Uncertainty, 2014~ UV1~ 1AR theory is legit – anything else means infinite abuse – drop the debater, competing interps, and the highest layer – 1AR are too short to make up for the time trade-off – no RVIs – 6 min 2NR means they can brute force me every time.1AC – MethodThe alt cedes the celestial commons to the hands of global imperialism. Only IR education can create momentum to demilitarize space.Raymond Duvall 6 – Professor of Political Science @ Univ of Minnesota, Taking Sovereignty Out of This World: Space Weapons and Empire of the Future, October 2006, https://www.files.ethz.ch/isn/111193/Taking20Sovereignty20Out20of20This20World.pdf | 1/14/22 |
JF - Debris v2Tournament: University of Houston Cougar Classic | Round: 5 | Opponent: Woodlands AH | Judge: Collin Goemmer 1AC1AC – PlanPlan – The appropriation of outer space through the production of space debris by private entities is unjust.Revising the Outer Space Treaty curbs the impact of space debris – timeframe is crucial.Shah 20 – Sachin, 8/30/20, ~"Aug 30 The International Legal Regulation of Space Debris," CORNELL UNDERGRADUATE LAW and SOCIETY REVIEW, Administrative, Policy, Technology, https://www.culsr.org/articles/the-international-legal-regulation-of-space-debris~~ Justin Removal efforts are complements to the plan not the silver bullet.Rada Popova 18, European Space Agency Project Co-Manager and PhD Faculty of Law @ Universitat zu Koln, "The Legal Framework for Space Debris Remediation as a Tool for Sustainability in Outer Space," Aerospace, MDPI, doi:10.3390/aerospace5020055 *adr = active debris removal, sdr = space debris remediation, OOS = on orbit servicing Exemptions destroy the coercive power of legal regimes – causes circumvention across the board.Hickman and Dolman 2 – John and Everett, 2002, Associate professor in the Department of Government and International Studies at Berry College in Mt. Berry, ~"Resurrecting the Space Age: A State–Centered Commentary on the Outer Space Regime," Volume 21 Number 1, https://doi.org/10.1080/014959302317350855~~ Elmer Recut Justin 1AC – Adv – DebrisThe advantage is Debris –Privatization of space leads to unchecked debris.Muelhaupt et al. 19 – Theodore, Marlon Sorge, Jamie Morin, and Robert Wilson, 6/18/19, Center for Orbital and Reentry Debris Studies, Center for Space Policy and Strategy, The Aerospace Corporation, 30 year Space Systems Analyst and Operator, ~"Space traffic management in the new space era," Journal of Space Safety Engineering, https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S246889671930045X?via3Dihub~~ Justin Feedback loops of technology cause increasing development and debris.Bernat 20 – Pawel, 2020, Military University of Aviation, ~"ORBITAL SATELLITE CONSTELLATIONS AND THE GROWING THREAT OF KESSLER SYNDROME IN THE LOWER EARTH ORBIT," SAFETY ENGINEERING OF ANTHROPOGENIC OBJECTS, Volume 4, PDF~ Justin Invisible tipping points trigger the Kessler Syndrome.Thompson 21 – Clive, 11/17/21, Clive Thompson is a contributing writer for the New York Times Magazine, a columnist for Wired and Smithsonian magazines, and a regular contributor to Mother Jones. He's the author of Coders: The Making of a New Tribe and the Remaking of the World, and Smarter Than You Think: How Technology is Changing our Minds for the Better. He's @pomeranian99 on Twitter and Instagram, ~"Get Ready for the "Kessler Syndrome" to Wreck Outer Space," OneZero, https://onezero.medium.com/get-ready-for-the-kessler-syndrome-to-wreck-outer-space-7f29cfe62c3e~~ Justin Privatization exponentially increases the curve but ending dangerous missions stops it.Bernat 20 – Pawel, 2020, Military University of Aviation, ~"ORBITAL SATELLITE CONSTELLATIONS AND THE GROWING THREAT OF KESSLER SYNDROME IN THE LOWER EARTH ORBIT," SAFETY ENGINEERING OF ANTHROPOGENIC OBJECTS, Volume 4, PDF~ Justin Models are rigorous and robust—-To clarify this is the methodology for above chart. Debris triggers miscalculated war.Peter Dockrill 16. Award-winning science and technology journalist. "Space Junk Accidents Could Trigger Armed Conflict, Study Finds." https://www.sciencealert.com/space-junk-accidents-could-trigger-armed-conflict-expert-warns. ====Goes nuclear.==== Public pressure forces retaliation.Nancy Gallagher 15. Interim director of the Center for International and Security Studies in Maryland, previous Executive Director of the Clinton Administration's CTBT Treaty Committee, an arms control specialist at the State Dept., and a faculty member at Wesleyan, "Antisatellite warfare without nuclear risk: A mirage," May 29, Bulletin of Atomic Scientists, http://thebulletin.org/space-weapons-and-risk-nuclear-exchanges8346 Convergence of factors guarantee space escalation.Thomas González Roberts 17. A space security researcher at the Center for Strategic and International Studies, and host of Moonstruck, a podcast about humans in space. "Why We Should Be Worried about a War in Space ," 12-15-2017. Atlantic, https://www.theatlantic.com/science/archive/2017/12/why-we-should-be-worried-about-a-war-in-space/548507/ ====No checks on escalation.==== Any nuclear war causes extinction – ice age and famine.Steven Starr 15 ~Director of the University of Missouri's Clinical Laboratory Science Program, as well as a senior scientist at the Physicians for Social Responsibility. He has worked with the Swiss, Chilean, and Swedish governments in support of their efforts at the United Nations to eliminate thousands of high-alert, launch-ready U.S. and Russian nuclear weapons. "Nuclear War: An Unrecognized Mass Extinction Event Waiting To Happen." Ratical. March 2015. https://ratical.org/radiation/NuclearExtinction/StevenStarr022815.html~~ TG 1AC – FramingThe standard is maximizing expected wellbeing – Prefer:~1~ The argument from supervenience is true and coherently explains the grounding for morality. Thus, moral naturalism is true.Lutz and Lenman 18. Lutz, Matthew and Lenman, James, "Moral Naturalism", The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (Fall 2018 Edition), Edward N. Zalta (ed.), URL = https://plato.stanford.edu/archives/fall2018/entries/naturalism-moral/. Massa Pleasure and pain are intrinsically valuable.Moen 16 ~Ole Martin Moen, Research Fellow in Philosophy at University of Oslo "An Argument for Hedonism" Journal of Value Inquiry (Springer), 50 (2) 2016: 267–281~ SJDI, brackets in original ~2~ Actor spec—governments must use util because they don't have intentions and are constantly dealing with tradeoffs—outweighs since different agents have different obligations—takes out calc indicts since they are empirically denied.~3~ Extinction outweighsMacAskill 14 ~William, Oxford Philosopher and youngest tenured philosopher in the world, Normative Uncertainty, 2014~ ~4~ Death outweighs—~A~ Agents can't act if they fear for their bodily security—my framework constrains every NC and K~B~ It's the worst form of evil:Paterson 3 – Department of Philosophy, Providence College, Rhode Island (Craig, "A Life Not Worth Living?", Studies in Christian Ethics. ~5~ Only consequentialism explains degrees of wrongness—if I break a promise to meet up for lunch, that is not as bad as breaking a promise to take a dying person to the hospital. Only the consequences of breaking the promise explain why the second one is much worse than the first.~6~ Reject any reasons consequences don't matter~A~ deduction alone is impossible – you need to use induction to even make sense of the words in the argument that induction fails~B~ calc indicts are just reasons util is hard, not reasons it is impossible1AC – Underview1~ 1AR theory is legit – anything else means infinite abuse – drop the debater, competing interps, and the highest layer – 1AR are too short to make up for the time trade-off – no RVIs – 6 min 2NR means they can brute force me every time. | 2/1/22 |
JF - Debris v3Tournament: Palm Classic | Round: 5 | Opponent: Marlborough FL | Judge: David Dosch | 2/13/22 |
JF - Debris v4Tournament: 48th Annual Harvard National Forensics Tournament | Round: 6 | Opponent: Park City NL | Judge: Viren Abhyankar | 2/20/22 |
JF - Ripstein ACTournament: The 47th Churchill Classic TOC and NIETOC Qualifier | Round: 1 | Opponent: Westwood Eric Gao | Judge: Isaac Chao | 1/8/22 |
JF - Ripstein AC v2Tournament: The 47th Churchill Classic TOC and NIETOC Qualifier | Round: 4 | Opponent: Westlake Alexandra Coulter | Judge: Breigh Plat | 1/8/22 |
JF - Ripstein AC v3Tournament: University of Houston Cougar Classic | Round: 1 | Opponent: Coppel SK | Judge: Dylan Jones 1ACFWThe meta-ethic is practical reasoningInfinite Regress: We can infinitely ask why for other theories but to ask why for reasons concedes reasons, so reasons are inescapable and binding, and binding theory outweigh because only they can guide action which is the purpose of ethics.Action Theory: Every action has infinite sub-actions we must unify them under intent to explain the unity of action. To use intent agents must use practical reason to know the means she takes in her actions can achieve principles guiding the action.To be an agent is to have the ability to rationally self-reflect, because that ability is how we derive reason and value.Korsgaard 96 Agency requires universalizability. Universal willing is a prerequisite to self-determination of action. Anything else means desire controls our actions, thus the actor is no longer an agent.Korsgaard 99 If an agent regards their purpose as important, they must regard the means as important, one of which is freedom.Denying individuals' independent choice, or outer freedom, is rationally contradictory. As you expand your freedom to limit someone else's same freedom which results in contradiction and is incoherent, so we can't limit anyone's freedom. A universal system of freedoms requires consistency with the omnilateral will.Ripstein 04 For the state to maintain its united will, the powerful need to be regulated so they cannot rightfully abuse positions over those subject to them to maintain equal freedom. Coercion is when your circumstance requires adopting another's purposes because of imbalanced bargaining position.Ripstein 9 "Force and Freedom." Arthur Ripstein, 2009. Prof. of Philosophy and Law at University of Toronto. https://books.google.com/books?id=W_B3oVsdOZUCandpg=PA272andlpg=PA272anddq=22Kant+argues+that+provision+for+the+poor+follows+directly+from+the+very+idea+of+a+united+will.22andsource=blandots=qeZgxmZ4o0andsig=ACfU3U09Kis9KW3g9jVDf3h8LHA3lm7hdgandhl=enandsa=Xandved=2ahUKEwiW4aCQ3ePzAhX7nWoFHZIQCpIQ6AF6BAgDEAM~~#v=onepageandq=22Kant20argues20that20provision20for20the20poor20follows20directly20from20the20very20idea20of20a20united20will.22Because20each20person20is20master20andf=false SJMS Bracketed for clarity Thus, the standard is consistency with the omnilateral will. Prefer:~1~ Performativity—freedom is the key to the process of justification of arguments. Willing that we should abide by their ethical theory presupposes that we own ourselves in the first place. Thus, it is logically incoherent to justify a standard without first willing that we can pursue ends free from others.~2~ Use epistemic confidence.~a~ It's substantively true – you wouldn't combine medicines from three different doctors just because they gave you three different opinions.~b~ EC promotes higher quality phil clash because it incentivizes stronger defensive arguments against phil which actually test the underlying warrants in frameworks rather than just extending args for a risk of offense~c~ EM is infinitely regressive since we need to use modesty to determine the probability that EM is true and that that is true and so on~3~ Aspec - Ripstein has a better explanation of how states can take action because different politicians can have different views on aggregation proven by opposition in the political world but everyone is bound to universal maxims and the state is bound to the original contract as a state and not individual policy makers so only we assign the state obligations~4~ Consequences Fail:~a~ Every action has infinite stemming consequences, because every consequence can cause another consequence so we can't predict or calculate.~b~ Induction is circular because it relies on the assumption that nature will hold uniform and we could only reach that conclusion through inductive reasoning based on observation of past events.~c~ Consequentialism is irresolvable because if a bigger harm can outweigh a smaller, there's always a non-zero chance of a bigger harm in the future and there's no non-arbitrary point at which those consequences stop being relevant so it's non-stop calculation.~d~ The Utility Monster: Util would hypothetically say that if there was one being that could experience more pleasure than all others combined we should do anything in order to maximize it, i.e. sacrifice everyone else's pleasureAdvocacyThus, the plan – Resolved: The appropriation of outer space by private entities is unjust. Definitions and enforcement in the doc and I'll clarify in cross.To clarify we'll defend implementation (so your DA's link) and a revision to the Outer Space Treaty that explicitly bans appropriation of outer space by private entities Offense~1~ Privatization is bad~a~ The OST prevents state-based sovereignty claims in space. But it does not clearly restrict corporations and even if it does it may imminently be changed. This means that regions could be under the exclusive control of corporations, while no government has authority.Ward 19 Peter Ward (Peter Ward studied journalism at the University of Sheffield before moving to Dubai, where he reported on the energy sector. After three years in the Middle East, he earned his master's degree in business journalism from the Columbia University Graduate School of Journalism. His work has appeared in GQ, Bloomberg Buisnessweek, The Economist, and Newsweek. He lives in New York City.) "The unintended consequences of privatising space," ScienceFocus (Online version of BBC Science Focus Magazine). Nov. 6th, 2019. https://www.sciencefocus.com/space/the-unintended-consequences-of-privatising-space/ SJMS ~b~ That's an instance of a unilateral will governing individuals while universal decision making is absent. This is an unjust state.Cordelli 16 Chiara Cordelli ~Chiara Cordelli is an associate professor in the Department of Political Science at the University of Chicago. Her main areas of research are social and political philosophy, with a particular focus on theories of distributive justice, political legitimacy, normative defenses of the state, and the public/private distinction in liberal theory. She is the author of The Privatized State (Princeton University Press, 2020), which was awarded the 2021 ECPR political theory prize for best first book in political theory. She is also the co-editor of, and a contributor to, Philanthropy in Democratic Societies (University of Chicago Press, 2016). — cordelli@uchicago.edu~ "WHAT IS WRONG WITH PRIVATIZATION?", University of Chicago, Political Science and the College, https://www.law.berkeley.edu/wp-content/uploads/2016/01/What-is-Wrong-With-Privatization_UCB.pdf ~2~ Extending neoliberal polices in space violate universal law through continued injustice.Segobaetso 18 Segobaetso, Benjamin. Ethical Implications of the Colonization, Privatization and Commercialization of Outer Space. SJEP UV~1~ Aff gets 1AR theory, Drop the Debater, and no RVIs – 1AR theory is the only recourse to check back infinite NC abuse, since it's impossible to preempt NC abuse within the AC. Aff gets drop the debater, since 1AR is too short to win both theory and substance, and 2N doesn't get RVIs, since RVIs uniquely deter the 1AR from checking NC abuse since the 1A knows the 2N can spend 6 minutes on the RVI and win.~2~ Permissibility and presumption substantively affirm:~a~ If I told you my name is Michael; you would believe that absent evidence to believe otherwise which proves that statements are more likely to be true.~b~ Negating an obligation requires proving a prohibition – they prohibit the aff action.~c~ Logic -If agents had to reflect on every action they take and justify why it was a good one we would never be able to take an action because we would have to justify actions that are morally neutral i.e. drinking water is not morally right or wrong but if I had to justify my action every time I decided upon a course of action I would never be able to make decisions.~3~ Extinction doesn't come first~a~ Fallacy of origin – you don't maximize oxygen in this debate round thus we shouldn't maximize life~b~ Relies on consequences which we indite~c~ Double bind either we know Kant is truer in this debate round or it conflates post-pre fiat distinction~d~ It freezes action and is incoherent – everything can lead to extinction~e~ consent should be understood deontologically, people shouldn't be violated just to minimize other violations or you undermine the principle of inviolable consent in the first place~f~ We aren't killing them, there's intervening actors who flip the switch on the nukes or whatever - not responsible for their bad choices~g~ the true philosophy wouldn't say someone should sacrifice themselves for knowledge of it – can't go into a burning house for the last copy of the book - therefore, we shouldn't violate people's freedom and ignore the aff just to find this ethical theory~4~ The burden of both debaters is to justify their theory of the good and justify action under itPrefer:~a~ Begs the question – if they don't justify an ethical theory we don't know why oppression matters of how to deal with it.~b~ Normative foundations – There's no motivation to do your aff unless there's an ethical theory explaining why it's motivating.~c~ It comes before pedagogy because we can't know a teachers obligations unless we have an ethical theory~d~ Anything else is artificially narrow and incoherent –focusing on one issue is not fully comprehensive it can't explain itself in a non-circular war unless you have a theory of the good.AdvantagePrivatization of space is unsustainable and increases debris – triggers the Kessler SyndromeThompson 21 – Clive, 11/17/21, Clive Thompson is a contributing writer for the New York Times Magazine, a columnist for Wired and Smithsonian magazines, and a regular contributor to Mother Jones. He's the author of Coders: The Making of a New Tribe and the Remaking of the World, and Smarter Than You Think: How Technology is Changing our Minds for the Better. He's @pomeranian99 on Twitter and Instagram, ~"Get Ready for the "Kessler Syndrome" to Wreck Outer Space," OneZero, https://onezero.medium.com/get-ready-for-the-kessler-syndrome-to-wreck-outer-space-7f29cfe62c3e~~ Justin Privatization exponentially increases the curve but ending dangerous missions prevents it.Bernat 20 – Pawel, 2020, Military University of Aviation, ~"ORBITAL SATELLITE CONSTELLATIONS AND THE GROWING THREAT OF KESSLER SYNDROME IN THE LOWER EARTH ORBIT," SAFETY ENGINEERING OF ANTHROPOGENIC OBJECTS, Volume 4, PDF~ Justin Debris causes nuclear war—-Noko, Iran, and China.Beauchamp 14 – Zack, 4/21/14, Zack Beauchamp is a senior correspondent at Vox, where he covers global politics and ideology, and a host of Worldly, Vox's podcast on foreign policy and international relations. His work focuses on the rise of the populist right across the West, the role of identity in American politics, and how fringe ideologies shape the mainstream. Before coming to Vox, he edited TP Ideas, a section of Think Progress devoted to the ideas shaping our political world. He has an MSc from the London School of Economics in International Relations and grew up in Washington, DC, where he currently lives with his wife, daughter, and two (rescue) dogs ~"How space trash could start a nuclear war," Vox, https://www.vox.com/2014/4/21/5625246/space-war-china-north-korea-iran~~ Justin *Brackets added for ableist language Any nuclear war causes extinction – ice age and famine.Steven Starr 15 ~Director of the University of Missouri's Clinical Laboratory Science Program, as well as a senior scientist at the Physicians for Social Responsibility. He has worked with the Swiss, Chilean, and Swedish governments in support of their efforts at the United Nations to eliminate thousands of high-alert, launch-ready U.S. and Russian nuclear weapons. "Nuclear War: An Unrecognized Mass Extinction Event Waiting To Happen." Ratical. March 2015. https://ratical.org/radiation/NuclearExtinction/StevenStarr022815.html~~ TG | 1/14/22 |
JF - Ripstein AC v4Tournament: Palm Classic | Round: 1 | Opponent: Mission San Jose SR | Judge: Nick Fleming 1ACFWThe meta-ethic is practical reasoningInfinite Regress: We can infinitely ask why for other theories but to ask why for reasons concedes reasons, so reasons are inescapable and binding, and binding theory outweigh because only they can guide action which is the purpose of ethics.Action Theory: Every action has infinite sub-actions we must unify them under intent to explain the unity of action. To use intent agents must use practical reason to know the means she takes in her actions can achieve principles guiding the action.To be an agent is to have the ability to rationally self-reflect, because that ability is how we derive reason and value.Korsgaard 96 Agency requires universalizability. Universal willing is a prerequisite to self-determination of action. Anything else means desire controls our actions, thus the actor is no longer an agent.Korsgaard 99 If an agent regards their purpose as important, they must regard the means as important, one of which is freedom.Denying individuals' independent choice, or outer freedom, is rationally contradictory. As you expand your freedom to limit someone else's same freedom which results in contradiction and is incoherent, so we can't limit anyone's freedom. A universal system of freedoms requires consistency with the omnilateral will.Ripstein 04 Thus, the standard is consistency with the omnilateral will. Prefer:~1~ Performativity—freedom is the key to the process of justification of arguments. Willing that we should abide by their ethical theory presupposes that we own ourselves in the first place. Thus, it is logically incoherent to justify a standard without first willing that we can pursue ends free from others.~2~ The aff just has to prove an obligation under one locus of duty.~a~ Every index is equally true since there is no non-arbitrary way to weigh between them since that would require a way to weigh but we need to weigh between the ways to weigh etc. and it's infinitely regressive. Meaning we can't say one index is better or worse.~b~ Semantics: An obligation can come from infinite sources, they don't have to be the correct ones. An obligation is still present even if it's from an incorrect source. A bad obligation is still an existent one.~3~ Consequences Fail:~a~ Every action has infinite stemming consequences, because every consequence can cause another consequence so we can't predict or calculate.~b~ Induction is circular because it relies on the assumption that nature will hold uniform and we could only reach that conclusion through inductive reasoning based on observation of past events.~c~ Consequentialism is irresolvable because if a bigger harm can outweigh a smaller, there's always a non-zero chance of a bigger harm in the future and there's no non-arbitrary point at which those consequences stop being relevant so it's non-stop calculation.~d~ The Utility Monster: Util would hypothetically say that if there was one being that could experience more pleasure than all others combined we should do anything in order to maximize it, i.e. sacrifice everyone else's pleasureAdvocacyThus, the plan – Resolved: The appropriation of outer space by private entities is unjust. Definitions and enforcement in the doc and I'll clarify in cross.To clarify we'll defend implementation (so your DA's link) and a revision to the Outer Space Treaty that explicitly bans appropriation of outer space by private entities Offense~1~ Privatization is bad~a~ The OST prevents state-based sovereignty claims in space. But it does not clearly restrict corporations and even if it does it may imminently be changed. This means that regions could be under the exclusive control of corporations, while no government has authority.Ward 19 Peter Ward (Peter Ward studied journalism at the University of Sheffield before moving to Dubai, where he reported on the energy sector. After three years in the Middle East, he earned his master's degree in business journalism from the Columbia University Graduate School of Journalism. His work has appeared in GQ, Bloomberg Buisnessweek, The Economist, and Newsweek. He lives in New York City.) "The unintended consequences of privatising space," ScienceFocus (Online version of BBC Science Focus Magazine). Nov. 6th, 2019. https://www.sciencefocus.com/space/the-unintended-consequences-of-privatising-space/ SJMS ~b~ That's an instance of a unilateral will governing individuals while universal decision making is absent. This is an unjust state.Cordelli 16 Chiara Cordelli ~Chiara Cordelli is an associate professor in the Department of Political Science at the University of Chicago. Her main areas of research are social and political philosophy, with a particular focus on theories of distributive justice, political legitimacy, normative defenses of the state, and the public/private distinction in liberal theory. She is the author of The Privatized State (Princeton University Press, 2020), which was awarded the 2021 ECPR political theory prize for best first book in political theory. She is also the co-editor of, and a contributor to, Philanthropy in Democratic Societies (University of Chicago Press, 2016). — cordelli@uchicago.edu~ "WHAT IS WRONG WITH PRIVATIZATION?", University of Chicago, Political Science and the College, https://www.law.berkeley.edu/wp-content/uploads/2016/01/What-is-Wrong-With-Privatization_UCB.pdf ~2~ Extending neoliberal polices in space violate universal law through continued injustice.Segobaetso 18 Segobaetso, Benjamin. Ethical Implications of the Colonization, Privatization and Commercialization of Outer Space. SJEP UV~1~ Aff gets 1AR theory, Drop the Debater, and no RVIs – 1AR theory is the only recourse to check back infinite NC abuse, since it's impossible to preempt NC abuse within the AC. Aff gets drop the debater, since 1AR is too short to win both theory and substance, and 2N doesn't get RVIs, since RVIs uniquely deter the 1AR from checking NC abuse since the 1A knows the 2N can spend 6 minutes on the RVI and win. 1AR theory is the highest layer – Else, the NC has 7 minutes to be abusive and 6 minutes to leverage the abuse against 1A theory in the 2N, making checking abuse lexically impossible.~2~ Permissibility and presumption substantively affirm:~a~ If I told you my name is Michael; you would believe that absent evidence to believe otherwise which proves that statements are more likely to be true.~b~ Negating an obligation requires proving a prohibition – they prohibit the aff action.~c~ Logic -If agents had to reflect on every action they take and justify why it was a good one we would never be able to take an action because we would have to justify actions that are morally neutral i.e. drinking water is not morally right or wrong but if I had to justify my action every time I decided upon a course of action I would never be able to make decisions.~3~ Extinction doesn't come first~a~ Fallacy of origin – you don't maximize oxygen in this debate round thus we shouldn't maximize life~b~ Relies on consequences which we indite~c~ Double bind either we know Kant is truer in this debate round or it conflates post-pre fiat distinction~d~ It freezes action and is incoherent – everything can lead to extinction~e~ consent should be understood deontologically, people shouldn't be violated just to minimize other violations or you undermine the principle of inviolable consent in the first place~f~ We aren't killing them, there's intervening actors who flip the switch on the nukes or whatever - not responsible for their bad choices~g~ the true philosophy wouldn't say someone should sacrifice themselves for knowledge of it – can't go into a burning house for the last copy of the book - therefore, we shouldn't violate people's freedom and ignore the aff just to find this ethical theory~4~ Fairness comes before the K:~a~ Probability-theory norms are set all the time since arguments go in and out of the meta but nobody ever stops oppression with one position~b~ The judge has to indicate who won the round, fairness best coheres with this since if one debater had ten minutes to speak and the other had three there would be incongruence that alters ability to judge the truth value of the K so cross-applications don't work.~5~ No new 2nr arguments or responses else it creates a 6-3 skew against the aff and they had the 1N to respond solves all their offense~6~ Use epistemic confidence.~a~ It's substantively true – you wouldn't combine medicines from three different doctors just because they gave you three different opinions.~b~ EC promotes higher quality phil clash because it incentivizes stronger defensive arguments against phil which actually test the underlying warrants in frameworks rather than just extending args for a risk of offense~c~ EM is infinitely regressive since we need to use modesty to determine the probability that EM is true and that that is true and so onAdvantagePrivatization of space is unsustainable and increases debris – triggers the Kessler SyndromeThompson 21 – Clive, 11/17/21, Clive Thompson is a contributing writer for the New York Times Magazine, a columnist for Wired and Smithsonian magazines, and a regular contributor to Mother Jones. He's the author of Coders: The Making of a New Tribe and the Remaking of the World, and Smarter Than You Think: How Technology is Changing our Minds for the Better. He's @pomeranian99 on Twitter and Instagram, ~"Get Ready for the "Kessler Syndrome" to Wreck Outer Space," OneZero, https://onezero.medium.com/get-ready-for-the-kessler-syndrome-to-wreck-outer-space-7f29cfe62c3e~~ Justin Privatization exponentially increases the curve but ending dangerous missions prevents it.Bernat 20 – Pawel, 2020, Military University of Aviation, ~"ORBITAL SATELLITE CONSTELLATIONS AND THE GROWING THREAT OF KESSLER SYNDROME IN THE LOWER EARTH ORBIT," SAFETY ENGINEERING OF ANTHROPOGENIC OBJECTS, Volume 4, PDF~ Justin Debris causes nuclear war—-Noko, Iran, and China.Beauchamp 14 – Zack, 4/21/14, Zack Beauchamp is a senior correspondent at Vox, where he covers global politics and ideology, and a host of Worldly, Vox's podcast on foreign policy and international relations. His work focuses on the rise of the populist right across the West, the role of identity in American politics, and how fringe ideologies shape the mainstream. Before coming to Vox, he edited TP Ideas, a section of Think Progress devoted to the ideas shaping our political world. He has an MSc from the London School of Economics in International Relations and grew up in Washington, DC, where he currently lives with his wife, daughter, and two (rescue) dogs ~"How space trash could start a nuclear war," Vox, https://www.vox.com/2014/4/21/5625246/space-war-china-north-korea-iran~~ Justin *Brackets added for ableist language Any nuclear war causes extinction – ice age and famine.Steven Starr 15 ~Director of the University of Missouri's Clinical Laboratory Science Program, as well as a senior scientist at the Physicians for Social Responsibility. He has worked with the Swiss, Chilean, and Swedish governments in support of their efforts at the United Nations to eliminate thousands of high-alert, launch-ready U.S. and Russian nuclear weapons. "Nuclear War: An Unrecognized Mass Extinction Event Waiting To Happen." Ratical. March 2015. https://ratical.org/radiation/NuclearExtinction/StevenStarr022815.html~~ TG Method~1~ Universality is the best way of solving oppression.Mills 18 Charles W. Mills. "Black Radical Kantianism." Res Philosophica, Vol. 95, No. 1, January 2018, pp. 1–33 https:// doi.org/ 10.11612/ resphil.1622 SJVM Organic Intellectual ~2~ Pluralism is good.Bleiker 14 – (6/17, Roland, Professor of International Relations at the University of Queensland, "International Theory Between Reification and Self-Reflective Critique," International Studies Review, Volume 16, Issue 2, pages 325–327) | 2/12/22 |
JF - Ripstein v5Tournament: 48th Annual Harvard National Forensics Tournament | Round: 3 | Opponent: American Heritage Broward SS | Judge: Andrew Shaw | 2/19/22 |
MA - PolandTournament: TFA State | Round: 1 | Opponent: LanCre Justin Schnitzer | Judge: River Cook | 3/10/22 |
MA - Poland v2Tournament: TFA State | Round: 4 | Opponent: St Agnes Ella Huang | Judge: Avery Wilson | 3/11/22 |
MA - Poland v3Tournament: TFA State | Round: 5 | Opponent: CleLak Ibraheim Maudood | Judge: Christopher Stearns | 3/11/22 |
ND - CourtsTournament: Apple Valley MinneApple Debate Tournament | Round: 4 | Opponent: Fairmont Prep SV | Judge: Victor Chen 1AC – Adv – Customary International LawThe right to strike is Customary International Law, but the US fails to meet opinio juris standards. Perception of US insufficiency breeds uncertainty with confidence in international law and spirals into noncompliance – that causes a legitimacy crisis. No alt causes to legitimacy – FOA is central to the ILO and the biggest internal link.Brudney 21 ~James; 2/8/21; Joseph Crowley Chair in Labor and Employment Law, Fordham Law School; "The Right to Strike as Customary International Law," THE YALE JOURNAL OF INTERNATIONAL LAW, Vol 46, https://digitalcommons.law.yale.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1710andcontext=yjil~~ Justin Brackets in original That prevents harmonization of norms and throws the functioning of international institutions into question – prefer empirics.Seifert 21 ~Achim; 2021; Full Professor of Private Law, German and European Labor Law and Comparative Law at the University of Jena (since 2011). He holds both German State Exams in Law and a PhD of the Johann-Wolfgang-Goethe-University of Frankfurt (1998). After his Habilitation ~Post-Doc~ in 2006 at the University of Frankfurt and several short-term Replacements at the Universities of Frankfurt and Trier (2006-2008), he became an Associate Professor of European and International Labor Law at the University of Luxembourg (2008). His main fields of interest are the Labor Law of the European Union and Comparative Labor Law, including the methodology of Comparative Law. Achim SEIFERT serves as co-editor of the Comparative Labor Law and Policy Journal (CLLPJ) and is a member of the editorial board of the European Labour Law Journal (ELLJ) as well as of the Revue de droit comparé du travail et de la sécurité sociale (RDCTSS). He is an associated member of the International Academy of Comparative Law (since 2013) and fellow of the European Law Institute (ELI) (since 2014); furthermore he has been member of the Jean-Monnet-Centre of Excellence at the University of Jena (2013-2016). He has been visiting Professor at the Universities of Bordeaux, Nantes, Paris 1 (Panthéon-Sorbonne), Luigi Bocconi/Milan and Leuven (Global Law Programme) and has taught as adjunct professor at the University of Luxembourg between 2011 and 2016; "Book Review," European Labour Law Journal, https://sci-hub.se/https://doi.org/10.1177/2031952521994412~~ Justin Independently frictions in International Law prevent cooperation over international issues.Brudney 21 ~James; 2/8/21; Joseph Crowley Chair in Labor and Employment Law, Fordham Law School; "The Right to Strike as Customary International Law," THE YALE JOURNAL OF INTERNATIONAL LAW, Vol 46, https://digitalcommons.law.yale.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1710andcontext=yjil~~ Justin Scenario one is SDG:Harmonizing international labor standards are key to Sustainable Development Goals – compliance is key.ILO 15 ~International Labor Organization; The International Labour Organization is a United Nations agency whose mandate is to advance social and economic justice through setting international labour standards. Founded in October 1919 under the League of Nations, it is the first and oldest specialised agency of the UN; "The benefits of International Labour Standards," No date stated but most recent event cited is 2015, https://www.ilo.org/global/standards/introduction-to-international-labour-standards/the-benefits-of-international-labour-standards/lang—en/index.htm~ Justin That's key to head off a laundry list of interacting catastrophic risks, the combination of which causes extinction and amplifies every other threat.Tom Cernev and Richard Fenner 20, Australian National University; Centre for Sustainable Development, Cambridge University Engineering Department, "The importance of achieving foundational Sustainable Development Goals in reducing global risk," Futures, Vol. 115, January 2020, Elsevier. Recut Justin Weak states are existential. Err AFF to account for non-linearity and unpredictable cascades.Hanna Samir Kassab 17. Visiting Assistant Professor of Political Science at Northern Michigan University, Prioritization Theory and Defensive Foreign Policy. Springer International Publishing, 2017. CrossRef, doi:10.1007/978-3-319-48018-3. Re-Cut Justin Scenario two is climate change:Opinio juris compliance with Customary International Law key to legitimacy – that determines our ability to solve environmental crises.Meissner 15 ~Lisa; Vol: 5/1/2015; Associate Attorney with Hobbs Straus Dean and Walker, LLP, an Indian law firm located in Washington, DC. My primary practice areas are education, healthcare, natural resources/environmental law, and lands issues. I am licensed to practice in Washington State and Washington, DC. I am also a proud member of the Fighting Irish and the Golden Eagles - holding my Juris Doctor from the University of Notre Dame and my Bachelor's degrees from Marque0074te University; "Saving the Paper Tiger: Biodiversity as an Irreplaceable Element of Our Common Cultural Heritage," Notre Dame Journal of International and Comparative Law, Volume 5, Issue 1, https://scholarship.law.nd.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1034andcontext=ndjicl~~ Justin Extinction – contrary models are incorrect.Specktor 19 ~Brandon; 6/4/19; Writes about the science of everyday life for Live Science, and previously for Reader's Digest magazine, where he served as an editor for five years; "Human Civilization Will Crumble by 2050 If We Don't Stop Climate Change Now, New Paper Claims," livescience, https://www.livescience.com/65633-climate-change-dooms-humans-by-2050.html~~ Justin 1AC – PlanPlan text: The United States of America ought to recognize an unconditional right of workers to strike.Courts are normal means and can enforce the right to strike as Customary International Law.Brudney 21 ~James; 2/8/21; Joseph Crowley Chair in Labor and Employment Law, Fordham Law School; "The Right to Strike as Customary International Law," THE YALE JOURNAL OF INTERNATIONAL LAW, Vol 46, https://digitalcommons.law.yale.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1710andcontext=yjil~~ Justin Brackets in original Current laws are ambiguous and there is Cause of Action.Brudney 21 ~James; 2/8/21; Joseph Crowley Chair in Labor and Employment Law, Fordham Law School; "The Right to Strike as Customary International Law," THE YALE JOURNAL OF INTERNATIONAL LAW, Vol 46, https://digitalcommons.law.yale.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1710andcontext=yjil~~ Justin Brackets in original Unconditional means preventing from adding additional exceptions to international law.Chow and Schoenbaum 17 ~Daniel Chow and Thomas Schoenbaum; 2017; Professor Chow served as a law clerk to the Honorable Constance Baker Motley, chief judge for the Southern District of New York, following graduation from law school, and then became an associate with Debevoise and Plimpton in New York. He came to Ohio State in 1985 and teaches International Law, International Transactions, Jurisprudence, Asian Law, and Property. He is a member of Phi Beta Kappa, Thomas J. Schoenbaum is presently the Harold S. Shefelman Professor of Law at the University of Washington in Seattle. He received his Juris Doctor degree from the University of Michigan and his PhD degree from Gonville and Caius College, University of Cambridge (UK). He is also Research Professor of Law at George Washington University in Washington DC. He is a practicing lawyer, admitted in several U.S. states and before the Bar of the Supreme Court of the United States. He has been a professor at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and was Associate Dean at Tulane University in New Orleans, "International Trade Law: Problems, Cases, and Materials," Aspen Casebook Study~ Justin
1AC – FramingThe standard is maximizing expected wellbeing.1~ Actor spec—governments must use util because they don't have intentions and are constantly dealing with tradeoffs—outweighs since different agents have different obligations—takes out calc indicts since they are empirically denied.Johnson and Thayer 16 – Dominic D. P. Johnson, D.Phil., Ph.D.* and Bradley A. Thayer, Ph.D., "The evolution of offensive realism Survival under anarchy from the Pleistocene to the present," https://www.cambridge.org/core/services/aop-cambridge-core/content/view/56B778004187F70B8E59609BE7FEE7A4/S073093841600006Xa.pdf/div-class-title-the-evolution-of-offensive-realism-div.pdf 2~ Extinction outweighsMacAskill 14 ~William, Oxford Philosopher and youngest tenured philosopher in the world, Normative Uncertainty, 2014~ | 11/6/21 |
ND - Courts v2Tournament: Glenbrooks Speech and Debate Tournament | Round: 1 | Opponent: Marlborough AW | Judge: Micah Thode 1AC – Adv – Customary International LawThe right to strike is Customary International Law, but the US fails to meet opinio juris standards. Perception of US insufficiency breeds uncertainty with confidence in international law and spirals into noncompliance – that causes a legitimacy crisis. No alt causes to legitimacy – FOA is central to the ILO and the biggest internal link.Brudney 21 ~James; 2/8/21; Joseph Crowley Chair in Labor and Employment Law, Fordham Law School; "The Right to Strike as Customary International Law," THE YALE JOURNAL OF INTERNATIONAL LAW, Vol 46, https://digitalcommons.law.yale.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1710andcontext=yjil~~ Justin Brackets in original That prevents harmonization of norms and throws the functioning of international institutions into question – prefer empirics.Seifert 21 ~Achim; 2021; Full Professor of Private Law, German and European Labor Law and Comparative Law at the University of Jena (since 2011). He holds both German State Exams in Law and a PhD of the Johann-Wolfgang-Goethe-University of Frankfurt (1998). After his Habilitation ~Post-Doc~ in 2006 at the University of Frankfurt and several short-term Replacements at the Universities of Frankfurt and Trier (2006-2008), he became an Associate Professor of European and International Labor Law at the University of Luxembourg (2008). His main fields of interest are the Labor Law of the European Union and Comparative Labor Law, including the methodology of Comparative Law. Achim SEIFERT serves as co-editor of the Comparative Labor Law and Policy Journal (CLLPJ) and is a member of the editorial board of the European Labour Law Journal (ELLJ) as well as of the Revue de droit comparé du travail et de la sécurité sociale (RDCTSS). He is an associated member of the International Academy of Comparative Law (since 2013) and fellow of the European Law Institute (ELI) (since 2014); furthermore he has been member of the Jean-Monnet-Centre of Excellence at the University of Jena (2013-2016). He has been visiting Professor at the Universities of Bordeaux, Nantes, Paris 1 (Panthéon-Sorbonne), Luigi Bocconi/Milan and Leuven (Global Law Programme) and has taught as adjunct professor at the University of Luxembourg between 2011 and 2016; "Book Review," European Labour Law Journal, https://sci-hub.se/https://doi.org/10.1177/2031952521994412~~ Justin Independently frictions in International Law prevent cooperation over international issues.Brudney 21 ~James; 2/8/21; Joseph Crowley Chair in Labor and Employment Law, Fordham Law School; "The Right to Strike as Customary International Law," THE YALE JOURNAL OF INTERNATIONAL LAW, Vol 46, https://digitalcommons.law.yale.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1710andcontext=yjil~~ Justin Scenario one is SDG:Harmonizing international labor standards are key to Sustainable Development Goals – compliance is key.ILO 15 ~International Labor Organization; The International Labour Organization is a United Nations agency whose mandate is to advance social and economic justice through setting international labour standards. Founded in October 1919 under the League of Nations, it is the first and oldest specialised agency of the UN; "The benefits of International Labour Standards," No date stated but most recent event cited is 2015, https://www.ilo.org/global/standards/introduction-to-international-labour-standards/the-benefits-of-international-labour-standards/lang—en/index.htm~ Justin That's key to head off a laundry list of interacting catastrophic risks, the combination of which causes extinction and amplifies every other threat.Tom Cernev and Richard Fenner 20, Australian National University; Centre for Sustainable Development, Cambridge University Engineering Department, "The importance of achieving foundational Sustainable Development Goals in reducing global risk," Futures, Vol. 115, January 2020, Elsevier. Recut Justin Scenario two is climate change:Opinio juris compliance with Customary International Law key to legitimacy – that determines our ability to solve environmental crises.Meissner 15 ~Lisa; Vol: 5/1/2015; Associate Attorney with Hobbs Straus Dean and Walker, LLP, an Indian law firm located in Washington, DC. My primary practice areas are education, healthcare, natural resources/environmental law, and lands issues. I am licensed to practice in Washington State and Washington, DC. I am also a proud member of the Fighting Irish and the Golden Eagles - holding my Juris Doctor from the University of Notre Dame and my Bachelor's degrees from Marque0074te University; "Saving the Paper Tiger: Biodiversity as an Irreplaceable Element of Our Common Cultural Heritage," Notre Dame Journal of International and Comparative Law, Volume 5, Issue 1, https://scholarship.law.nd.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1034andcontext=ndjicl~~ Justin Extinction – contrary models are incorrect.Specktor 19 ~Brandon; 6/4/19; Writes about the science of everyday life for Live Science, and previously for Reader's Digest magazine, where he served as an editor for five years; "Human Civilization Will Crumble by 2050 If We Don't Stop Climate Change Now, New Paper Claims," livescience, https://www.livescience.com/65633-climate-change-dooms-humans-by-2050.html~~ Justin 1AC – PlanPlan text: The United States of America ought to recognize an unconditional right of workers to strike.Courts are normal means and can enforce the right to strike as Customary International Law.Brudney 21 ~James; 2/8/21; Joseph Crowley Chair in Labor and Employment Law, Fordham Law School; "The Right to Strike as Customary International Law," THE YALE JOURNAL OF INTERNATIONAL LAW, Vol 46, https://digitalcommons.law.yale.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1710andcontext=yjil~~ Justin Brackets in original Unconditional means preventing from adding additional exceptions to international law.Chow and Schoenbaum 17 ~Daniel Chow and Thomas Schoenbaum; 2017; Professor Chow served as a law clerk to the Honorable Constance Baker Motley, chief judge for the Southern District of New York, following graduation from law school, and then became an associate with Debevoise and Plimpton in New York. He came to Ohio State in 1985 and teaches International Law, International Transactions, Jurisprudence, Asian Law, and Property. He is a member of Phi Beta Kappa, Thomas J. Schoenbaum is presently the Harold S. Shefelman Professor of Law at the University of Washington in Seattle. He received his Juris Doctor degree from the University of Michigan and his PhD degree from Gonville and Caius College, University of Cambridge (UK). He is also Research Professor of Law at George Washington University in Washington DC. He is a practicing lawyer, admitted in several U.S. states and before the Bar of the Supreme Court of the United States. He has been a professor at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and was Associate Dean at Tulane University in New Orleans, "International Trade Law: Problems, Cases, and Materials," Aspen Casebook Study~ Justin
WORKERS STILL DISRUPT WORK WITHOUT THE RIGHT TO STRIKE, NON-UNIQUES THEIR LINKSULI 19 Undergraduate Labor Institute (labor policy think-tank run by Cornell undergraduates), 3/17/2019, The Case For Striking In The Public Sector, https://www.cornelluli.com/post/the-case-for-striking-in-the-public-sector 1AC – FramingThe standard is maximizing expected wellbeing – Prefer:~1~ The argument from supervenience is true and coherently explains the grounding for morality. Thus, moral naturalism is true.Lutz and Lenman 18. Lutz, Matthew and Lenman, James, "Moral Naturalism", The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (Fall 2018 Edition), Edward N. Zalta (ed.), URL = https://plato.stanford.edu/archives/fall2018/entries/naturalism-moral/. Massa Pleasure and pain are intrinsically valuable.Moen 16 ~Ole Martin Moen, Research Fellow in Philosophy at University of Oslo "An Argument for Hedonism" Journal of Value Inquiry (Springer), 50 (2) 2016: 267–281~ SJDI, brackets in original ~2~ Actor spec—governments must use util because they don't have intentions and are constantly dealing with tradeoffs—outweighs since different agents have different obligations—takes out calc indicts since they are empirically denied.Johnson and Thayer 16 – Dominic D. P. Johnson, D.Phil., Ph.D.* and Bradley A. Thayer, Ph.D., "The evolution of offensive realism Survival under anarchy from the Pleistocene to the present," https://www.cambridge.org/core/services/aop-cambridge-core/content/view/56B778004187F70B8E59609BE7FEE7A4/S073093841600006Xa.pdf/div-class-title-the-evolution-of-offensive-realism-div.pdf ~3~ Extinction outweighsMacAskill 14 ~William, Oxford Philosopher and youngest tenured philosopher in the world, Normative Uncertainty, 2014~ UV1~ 1AR theory is legit – anything else means infinite abuse – drop the debater, competing interps, and the highest layer – 1AR are too short to make up for the time trade-off – no RVIs – 6 min 2NR means they can brute force me every time.2~ Procedural fairness is a voter and outweighs a~ it's an intrinsic good – debate is a game and equity is necessary to sustain the activity, b~ probability – debate can't alter subjectivity, but it can rectify skews, c~ internal link turns every impact – a limited debate promotes research and engagement d~ All your arguments concede fairness since you assume they will be esvaluated fairly.Method~1~ Alternatives not concrete fail – devolves into ideology instead of actionChristopher A. Bracey 6, Associate Professor of Law, Associate Professor of African and African American Studies, Washington University in St. Louis, September, Southern California Law Review, 79 S. Cal. L. Rev. 1231, p. 1318 ~2~ Youth participatory action research enables transformative resistance and is crucial to make activism workCammarota and Fine 08 ~3~ Couple things to clarify – we know fiat is fake and don't make a claim about whether or not the state is good or bad. The aff merely makes a value judgement on a certain state action – that operates independently of state legitimacy.Newman 10 ~Newman, Saul. ~Reader in Political Theory at Goldsmiths, University of London~ Theory and Event, Volume 13, Issue 2, 2010.~ | 11/20/21 |
ND - Courts v3Tournament: Glenbrooks Speech and Debate Tournament | Round: 7 | Opponent: Harker MK | Judge: Gordon Krauss 1AC – Adv – Customary International LawThe right to strike is Customary International Law, but the US fails to meet opinio juris standards. Perception of US insufficiency breeds uncertainty with confidence in international law and spirals into noncompliance – that causes a legitimacy crisis. No alt causes to legitimacy – FOA is central to the ILO and the biggest internal link.Brudney 21 ~James; 2/8/21; Joseph Crowley Chair in Labor and Employment Law, Fordham Law School; "The Right to Strike as Customary International Law," THE YALE JOURNAL OF INTERNATIONAL LAW, Vol 46, https://digitalcommons.law.yale.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1710andcontext=yjil~~ Justin Brackets in original That prevents harmonization of norms and throws the functioning of international institutions into question – prefer empirics.Seifert 21 ~Achim; 2021; Full Professor of Private Law, German and European Labor Law and Comparative Law at the University of Jena (since 2011). He holds both German State Exams in Law and a PhD of the Johann-Wolfgang-Goethe-University of Frankfurt (1998). After his Habilitation ~Post-Doc~ in 2006 at the University of Frankfurt and several short-term Replacements at the Universities of Frankfurt and Trier (2006-2008), he became an Associate Professor of European and International Labor Law at the University of Luxembourg (2008). His main fields of interest are the Labor Law of the European Union and Comparative Labor Law, including the methodology of Comparative Law. Achim SEIFERT serves as co-editor of the Comparative Labor Law and Policy Journal (CLLPJ) and is a member of the editorial board of the European Labour Law Journal (ELLJ) as well as of the Revue de droit comparé du travail et de la sécurité sociale (RDCTSS). He is an associated member of the International Academy of Comparative Law (since 2013) and fellow of the European Law Institute (ELI) (since 2014); furthermore he has been member of the Jean-Monnet-Centre of Excellence at the University of Jena (2013-2016). He has been visiting Professor at the Universities of Bordeaux, Nantes, Paris 1 (Panthéon-Sorbonne), Luigi Bocconi/Milan and Leuven (Global Law Programme) and has taught as adjunct professor at the University of Luxembourg between 2011 and 2016; "Book Review," European Labour Law Journal, https://sci-hub.se/https://doi.org/10.1177/2031952521994412~~ Justin Scenario one is SDG:Harmonizing international labor standards are key to Sustainable Development Goals – compliance is key.ILO 15 ~International Labor Organization; The International Labour Organization is a United Nations agency whose mandate is to advance social and economic justice through setting international labour standards. Founded in October 1919 under the League of Nations, it is the first and oldest specialised agency of the UN; "The benefits of International Labour Standards," No date stated but most recent event cited is 2015, https://www.ilo.org/global/standards/introduction-to-international-labour-standards/the-benefits-of-international-labour-standards/lang—en/index.htm~ Justin That's key to head off a laundry list of interacting catastrophic risks, the combination of which causes extinction and amplifies every other threat.Tom Cernev and Richard Fenner 20, Australian National University; Centre for Sustainable Development, Cambridge University Engineering Department, "The importance of achieving foundational Sustainable Development Goals in reducing global risk," Futures, Vol. 115, January 2020, Elsevier. Recut Justin Scenario two is climate change:Opinio juris compliance with Customary International Law key to legitimacy – that determines our ability to solve environmental crises.Meissner 15 ~Lisa; Vol: 5/1/2015; Associate Attorney with Hobbs Straus Dean and Walker, LLP, an Indian law firm located in Washington, DC. My primary practice areas are education, healthcare, natural resources/environmental law, and lands issues. I am licensed to practice in Washington State and Washington, DC. I am also a proud member of the Fighting Irish and the Golden Eagles - holding my Juris Doctor from the University of Notre Dame and my Bachelor's degrees from Marque0074te University; "Saving the Paper Tiger: Biodiversity as an Irreplaceable Element of Our Common Cultural Heritage," Notre Dame Journal of International and Comparative Law, Volume 5, Issue 1, https://scholarship.law.nd.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1034andcontext=ndjicl~~ Justin Extinction – contrary models are incorrect.Specktor 19 ~Brandon; 6/4/19; Writes about the science of everyday life for Live Science, and previously for Reader's Digest magazine, where he served as an editor for five years; "Human Civilization Will Crumble by 2050 If We Don't Stop Climate Change Now, New Paper Claims," livescience, https://www.livescience.com/65633-climate-change-dooms-humans-by-2050.html~~ Justin 1AC – PlanPlan text: The United States of America ought to recognize an unconditional right of workers to strike.Courts are normal means and can enforce the right to strike as Customary International Law.Brudney 21 ~James; 2/8/21; Joseph Crowley Chair in Labor and Employment Law, Fordham Law School; "The Right to Strike as Customary International Law," THE YALE JOURNAL OF INTERNATIONAL LAW, Vol 46, https://digitalcommons.law.yale.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1710andcontext=yjil~~ Justin Brackets in original Unconditional means preventing from adding additional exceptions to international law.Chow and Schoenbaum 17 ~Daniel Chow and Thomas Schoenbaum; 2017; Professor Chow served as a law clerk to the Honorable Constance Baker Motley, chief judge for the Southern District of New York, following graduation from law school, and then became an associate with Debevoise and Plimpton in New York. He came to Ohio State in 1985 and teaches International Law, International Transactions, Jurisprudence, Asian Law, and Property. He is a member of Phi Beta Kappa, Thomas J. Schoenbaum is presently the Harold S. Shefelman Professor of Law at the University of Washington in Seattle. He received his Juris Doctor degree from the University of Michigan and his PhD degree from Gonville and Caius College, University of Cambridge (UK). He is also Research Professor of Law at George Washington University in Washington DC. He is a practicing lawyer, admitted in several U.S. states and before the Bar of the Supreme Court of the United States. He has been a professor at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and was Associate Dean at Tulane University in New Orleans, "International Trade Law: Problems, Cases, and Materials," Aspen Casebook Study~ Justin
Reject "strikes bad" offense – the aff increases agreements, while decreasing strikes.CHRIS WHITE 08, Chris White has a Law/Arts degree from the University of Adelaide in South Australia. He was Industrial Officer for the Australian Workers Union and the Liquor Hospitality and Miscellaneous Workers Union. He was for 17 years an elected official of the United Trades and Labor Council of South Australia, the last period as Secretary. He now lives in Canberra, capital of Australia, researches labour law, does part-time work for unions and sessional tutoring in Politics at the Australian National University. See posts on the right to strike on his blog, http://chriswhiteonline.org June 2009, ("FIREWALLING THE RIGHT TO STRIKE IN AUSTRALIA?," 10 November, 2008, PDF) Justin WORKERS STILL DISRUPT WORK WITHOUT THE RIGHT TO STRIKE, NON-UNIQUES THEIR LINKSULI 19 Undergraduate Labor Institute (labor policy think-tank run by Cornell undergraduates), 3/17/2019, The Case For Striking In The Public Sector, https://www.cornelluli.com/post/the-case-for-striking-in-the-public-sector 1AC – FramingThe standard is maximizing expected wellbeing.1~ Actor spec—governments must use util because they don't have intentions and are constantly dealing with tradeoffs—outweighs since different agents have different obligations—takes out calc indicts since they are empirically denied.Johnson and Thayer 16 – Dominic D. P. Johnson, D.Phil., Ph.D.* and Bradley A. Thayer, Ph.D., "The evolution of offensive realism Survival under anarchy from the Pleistocene to the present," https://www.cambridge.org/core/services/aop-cambridge-core/content/view/56B778004187F70B8E59609BE7FEE7A4/S073093841600006Xa.pdf/div-class-title-the-evolution-of-offensive-realism-div.pdf 2~ Extinction outweighsMacAskill 14 ~William, Oxford Philosopher and youngest tenured philosopher in the world, Normative Uncertainty, 2014~ UV1~ 1AR theory is legit – anything else means infinite abuse – drop the debater, competing interps, and the highest layer – 1AR are too short to make up for the time trade-off – no RVIs – 6 min 2NR means they can brute force me every time. | 12/3/21 |
ND - Courts v4Tournament: The Longhorn Classic | Round: 3 | Opponent: Memorial Sebastian Cho | Judge: Nevin Gera | 12/4/21 |
ND - Courts v5Tournament: The Longhorn Classic | Round: Doubles | Opponent: Greenhill Krutin Devesh | Judge: David Dosch - Felicity Park - Sophie Wilczynski 1AC – Adv – Customary International LawThe right to strike is Customary International Law, but the US fails to meet opinio juris standards. Perception of US insufficiency breeds uncertainty with confidence in international law and spirals into noncompliance – that causes a legitimacy crisis. No alt causes to legitimacy – FOA is central to the ILO and the biggest internal link.Brudney 21 ~James; 2/8/21; Joseph Crowley Chair in Labor and Employment Law, Fordham Law School; "The Right to Strike as Customary International Law," THE YALE JOURNAL OF INTERNATIONAL LAW, Vol 46, https://digitalcommons.law.yale.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1710andcontext=yjil~~ Justin Brackets in original That prevents harmonization of norms and throws the functioning of international institutions into question – prefer empirics.Seifert 21 ~Achim; 2021; Full Professor of Private Law, German and European Labor Law and Comparative Law at the University of Jena (since 2011). He holds both German State Exams in Law and a PhD of the Johann-Wolfgang-Goethe-University of Frankfurt (1998). After his Habilitation ~Post-Doc~ in 2006 at the University of Frankfurt and several short-term Replacements at the Universities of Frankfurt and Trier (2006-2008), he became an Associate Professor of European and International Labor Law at the University of Luxembourg (2008). His main fields of interest are the Labor Law of the European Union and Comparative Labor Law, including the methodology of Comparative Law. Achim SEIFERT serves as co-editor of the Comparative Labor Law and Policy Journal (CLLPJ) and is a member of the editorial board of the European Labour Law Journal (ELLJ) as well as of the Revue de droit comparé du travail et de la sécurité sociale (RDCTSS). He is an associated member of the International Academy of Comparative Law (since 2013) and fellow of the European Law Institute (ELI) (since 2014); furthermore he has been member of the Jean-Monnet-Centre of Excellence at the University of Jena (2013-2016). He has been visiting Professor at the Universities of Bordeaux, Nantes, Paris 1 (Panthéon-Sorbonne), Luigi Bocconi/Milan and Leuven (Global Law Programme) and has taught as adjunct professor at the University of Luxembourg between 2011 and 2016; "Book Review," European Labour Law Journal, https://sci-hub.se/https://doi.org/10.1177/2031952521994412~~ Justin Scenario one is SDG:Harmonizing international labor standards are key to Sustainable Development Goals – compliance is key.ILO 15 ~International Labor Organization; The International Labour Organization is a United Nations agency whose mandate is to advance social and economic justice through setting international labour standards. Founded in October 1919 under the League of Nations, it is the first and oldest specialised agency of the UN; "The benefits of International Labour Standards," No date stated but most recent event cited is 2015, https://www.ilo.org/global/standards/introduction-to-international-labour-standards/the-benefits-of-international-labour-standards/lang—en/index.htm~ Justin That's key to head off a laundry list of interacting catastrophic risks, the combination of which causes extinction and amplifies every other threat.Tom Cernev and Richard Fenner 20, Australian National University; Centre for Sustainable Development, Cambridge University Engineering Department, "The importance of achieving foundational Sustainable Development Goals in reducing global risk," Futures, Vol. 115, January 2020, Elsevier. Recut Justin Scenario two is climate change:Opinio juris compliance with Customary International Law key to legitimacy – that determines our ability to solve environmental crises.Meissner 15 ~Lisa; Vol: 5/1/2015; Associate Attorney with Hobbs Straus Dean and Walker, LLP, an Indian law firm located in Washington, DC. My primary practice areas are education, healthcare, natural resources/environmental law, and lands issues. I am licensed to practice in Washington State and Washington, DC. I am also a proud member of the Fighting Irish and the Golden Eagles - holding my Juris Doctor from the University of Notre Dame and my Bachelor's degrees from Marque0074te University; "Saving the Paper Tiger: Biodiversity as an Irreplaceable Element of Our Common Cultural Heritage," Notre Dame Journal of International and Comparative Law, Volume 5, Issue 1, https://scholarship.law.nd.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1034andcontext=ndjicl~~ Justin Extinction – contrary models are incorrect.Specktor 19 ~Brandon; 6/4/19; Writes about the science of everyday life for Live Science, and previously for Reader's Digest magazine, where he served as an editor for five years; "Human Civilization Will Crumble by 2050 If We Don't Stop Climate Change Now, New Paper Claims," livescience, https://www.livescience.com/65633-climate-change-dooms-humans-by-2050.html~~ Justin 1AC – PlanPlan text: The United States of America ought to recognize an unconditional right of workers to strike.Courts are normal means and can enforce the right to strike as Customary International Law.Brudney 21 ~James; 2/8/21; Joseph Crowley Chair in Labor and Employment Law, Fordham Law School; "The Right to Strike as Customary International Law," THE YALE JOURNAL OF INTERNATIONAL LAW, Vol 46, https://digitalcommons.law.yale.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1710andcontext=yjil~~ Justin Brackets in original Reject "strikes bad" offense – the aff increases agreements, while decreasing strikes.CHRIS WHITE 08, Chris White has a Law/Arts degree from the University of Adelaide in South Australia. He was Industrial Officer for the Australian Workers Union and the Liquor Hospitality and Miscellaneous Workers Union. He was for 17 years an elected official of the United Trades and Labor Council of South Australia, the last period as Secretary. He now lives in Canberra, capital of Australia, researches labour law, does part-time work for unions and sessional tutoring in Politics at the Australian National University. See posts on the right to strike on his blog, http://chriswhiteonline.org June 2009, ("FIREWALLING THE RIGHT TO STRIKE IN AUSTRALIA?," 10 November, 2008, PDF) Justin The functionally unlimited interpretation of the right to strike is correct – major exceptions past the theoretical base collapses to non-adherence.Wisskerchen 5 ~Alfred; 2005; "The standard-setting and monitoring activity of the ILO: Legal questions and practical experience," International Labour Review, Vol. 144 (2005), No. 3, https://sci-hub.se/https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1564-913X.2005.tb00569.x~~ Justin FWThe standard and roll of the ballot is maximizing expected wellbeing – takes out truth testing because comparative worlds is assumed. Prefer:1 – The argument from supervenience is true and coherently explains the grounding for morality. Thus, moral naturalism is true.Lutz and Lenman 18. Lutz, Matthew and Lenman, James, "Moral Naturalism", The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (Fall 2018 Edition), Edward N. Zalta (ed.), URL = https://plato.stanford.edu/archives/fall2018/entries/naturalism-moral/. Massa Pleasure and pain are intrinsically valuable.Moen 16 ~Ole Martin Moen, Research Fellow in Philosophy at University of Oslo "An Argument for Hedonism" Journal of Value Inquiry (Springer), 50 (2) 2016: 267–281~ SJDI, brackets in original 2~ Death is bad and outweighs – a~ agents can't act if they fear for their bodily security which constrains every ethical theory, b~ it destroys the subject itself – kills any ability to achieve value in ethics since life is a prerequisite which means it's a side constraint since we can't reach the end goal of ethics without life3~ Extinction outweighsMacAskill 14 ~William, Oxford Philosopher and youngest tenured philosopher in the world, Normative Uncertainty, 2014~ Underview1~ 1AR theory is legit – anything else means infinite abuse – drop the debater, competing interps, and the highest layer – 1AR are too short to make up for the time trade-off – no RVIs – 6 min 2NR means they can brute force me every time.2~ Procedural fairness is a voter and outweighs a~ it's an intrinsic good – debate is a game and equity is necessary to sustain the activity, b~ probability – debate can't alter subjectivity, but it can rectify skews, c~ internal link turns every impact – a limited debate promotes research and engagement d~ All your arguments concede fairness since you assume they will be esvaluated fairly.3~ Non-governmental action is a voting issue for reciprocity and prep skew- I defend the government taking an action so the negative should do. That's key to reciprocal ground otherwise they get access to a ton of state bad and legalism bad turns that are functional nibs in the 1ar. We additionally can't predict near infinite non-governmental actors while they just have to prep one; outweighs on sequencing since we need prep to debate. Turns and outweighs the K since it indicts our ability to test the truth value of their theory of power.MethodAlternatives not concrete fail – devolves into ideology instead of actionChristopher A. Bracey 6, Associate Professor of Law, Associate Professor of African and African American Studies, Washington University in St. Louis, September, Southern California Law Review, 79 S. Cal. L. Rev. 1231, p. 1318 Couple things to clarify – we know fiat is fake and don't make a claim about whether or not the state is good or bad. The aff merely makes a value judgement on a certain state action – that operates independently of state legitimacy.Newman 10 ~Newman, Saul. ~Reader in Political Theory at Goldsmiths, University of London~ Theory and Event, Volume 13, Issue 2, 2010.~ Youth participatory action research enables transformative resistance and is crucial to make activism workCammarota and Fine 08 | 12/5/21 |
ND - RipsteinTournament: Florida Blue Key Speech and Debate Tournament | Round: 2 | Opponent: American Heritage Broward JA | Judge: Sreyaash Das | 10/30/21 |
ND - Ripstein v2Tournament: Florida Blue Key Speech and Debate Tournament | Round: 3 | Opponent: Lexington AT | Judge: Abhilash Datti | 10/30/21 |
ND - Ripstein v3Tournament: Florida Blue Key Speech and Debate Tournament | Round: 5 | Opponent: Lexington JB | Judge: Rohit Lakshman FWThe meta-ethic is practical reasoningInfinite Regress: We can infinitely ask why for other theories but to ask why for reasons concedes reasons, so reasons are inescapable and binding, and binding theory outweigh because only they can guide action which is the purpose of ethics.Action Theory: Every action has infinite sub-actions we must unify them under intent to explain the unity of action. To use intent agents must use practical reason to know the means she takes in her actions can achieve principles guiding the action.To be an agent is to have the ability to rationally self-reflect, because that ability is how we derive reason and value.Korsgaard 96 Agency requires universalizability. Universal willing is a prerequisite to self-determination of action. Anything else means desire controls our actions, thus the actor is no longer an agent.Korsgaard 99 If an agent regards their purpose as important, they must regard the means as important, one of which is freedom.Denying individuals' independent choice, or outer freedom, is rationally contradictory. As you expand your freedom to limit someone else's same freedom which results in contradiction and is incoherent, so we can't limit anyone's freedom. A universal system of freedoms requires consistency with the omnilateral will.Ripstein 04 For the state to maintain its united will, the powerful need to be regulated so they cannot rightfully abuse positions over those subject to them to maintain equal freedom. Coercion is when your circumstance requires adopting another's purposes because of imbalanced bargaining position.Ripstein 9 "Force and Freedom." Arthur Ripstein, 2009. Prof. of Philosophy and Law at University of Toronto. https://books.google.com/books?id=W_B3oVsdOZUCandpg=PA272andlpg=PA272anddq=22Kant+argues+that+provision+for+the+poor+follows+directly+from+the+very+idea+of+a+united+will.22andsource=blandots=qeZgxmZ4o0andsig=ACfU3U09Kis9KW3g9jVDf3h8LHA3lm7hdgandhl=enandsa=Xandved=2ahUKEwiW4aCQ3ePzAhX7nWoFHZIQCpIQ6AF6BAgDEAM~~#v=onepageandq=22Kant20argues20that20provision20for20the20poor20follows20directly20from20the20very20idea20of20a20united20will.22Because20each20person20is20master20andf=false SJMS Bracketed for clarity Thus, the standard is consistency with the omnilateral will.AdvocacyThus, the resolution Resolved: A just government ought to recognize an unconditional right of workers to strike. CP and PICs affirm because they do not disprove my general thesis. CX checks on spec shells and spec doesn't matter under Ripstein because it's a general statement.Offense~1~ A libertarian model of labor rights would not allow union monopolization, but it would not curtail a right to strike.Hill 11 Henry Hill (Freelance political writer), "A free market in labour: libertarians, employment and the unions," Adam Smith Institute. 12 September 2011. https://www.adamsmith.org/blog/regulation-industry/a-free-market-in-labour-libertarians-employment-and-the-unions SJMS ~2~ So long as society is not completely libertarian, libertarians should support union's rights as a check on other threats to liberty.Levine 12 Peter Levine (Associate Dean for Research and the Lincoln Filene Professor of Citizenship and Public Affairs at Tufts University's Tisch College of Civic Life. Concerned about civic education, civic engagement, and democratic reform in the United States and elsewhere.), "libertarians, violence, and unions," A Blog for Civic Renewal. December 13th, 2012. https://peterlevine.ws/?p=10340 SJMS ~3~ Recognizing the right to strike would transform dominating power structures.Lazar 20 ~Orlando; 10/6/20; St. Edmund Hall and Balliol College, University of Oxford; "Work, Domination, and the False Hope of Universal Basic Income," https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11158-020-09487-9~~ Justin Additionally, this means if the state denies workers this right to strike, the state will unregulate the powerful and create imbalanced bargaining position – thus violating the united will and the omnilateral will. The state must recognize this right to strike.~4~ Striking is a fundamental protection of dignity and the right of the worker to resist abusive coercive employee-employer relationships.Mason 18 ~Elinor. Elinor Mason is a senior lecturer in philosophy at Edinburgh University. On striking, and the recognition that ethics are a collective affair. "On striking, and the recognition that ethics are a collective affair". 4-1-2018. openDemocracy. https://www.opendemocracy.net/en/opendemocracyuk/on-striking-and-recognition-that-ethics-are-collective-affair/.~~ SJVM UV~1~ Aff gets 1AR theory, Drop the Debater, and no RVIs – 1AR theory is the only recourse to check back infinite NC abuse, since it's impossible to preempt NC abuse within the AC.~2~ The neg has to defend there is a moral prohibition on the resolution – to clarify they cannot trigger permissibility or presumption or read skep~a~ Logic -If agents had to reflect on every action they take and justify why it was a good one we would never be able to take an action because we would have to justify actions that are morally neutral i.e. drinking water is not morally right or wrong but if I had to justify my action every time I decided upon a course of action I would never be able to make decisions.~b~ Reciprocity – I've defended that the resolution is morally good they have to defend that it's morally bad~3~ Consequences Fail:~a~ Every action has infinite stemming consequences, because every consequence can cause another consequence so we can't predict or calculate.~b~ Induction is circular because it relies on the assumption that nature will hold uniform and we could only reach that conclusion through inductive reasoning based on observation of past events.~4~ Permissibility and presumption substantively affirm:~a~ If I told you my name is Michael; you would believe that absent evidence to believe otherwise which proves that statements are more likely to be true.~b~ Negating an obligation requires proving a prohibition – they prohibit the aff action.~5~ The role of the ballot is to vote affirmative if the judgment expressed by the resolution is true, vote neg if the judgement is false.The resolution should be viewed as a judgment, not a proposition. Judgments are ideas cognitively held in the mind of real subjects, propositions are linguistic artifacts that act as placeholders in computational processes.Prefer:~a~ Inescapable: the judge is a thinking subject and not a computer – so long as the judge evaluates any claim on the flow they are committed to coming to judgments about those claims and about the round as a whole. Even if the resolution is used as a proposition in these claims, that is only as a heuristic to making judgments.~b~ Co-opts the predictability benefits of truth-testing without the harms of blippy NIBs and a prioris.~c~ Meaning is determined inferentially – you only know what the resolution means by understanding what it would mean to justify it as a true statement. Meaning is not determined by net benefits to interpretations but by the norms that govern how justification works. If I say there is no butter in the fridge, you know what I mean because you understand what is required for me to assert that there is no butter and what it would mean to negate my claim.Implications:~a~ Judgment-testing is different than generic truth-testing – linguistic NIBs and a prioris are not relevant offense under it while normatively relevant contention-level offense is.~b~ Process and agent CPs don't negate – so long as an agent determines that an alternative is not likely to occur, they can make the moral judgment that action is good. E.g. it could be good for the federal government to do gun control because it isn't likely the 50 states will, even if that is ideally better.~c~ Epistemic confidence on framework – the inferences required to determine the resolution are deductively arrived at through a process of determining what it means for an act to be morally good. That means that framework claims should be viewed as preclusive impact filters because they are syllogistically related to contentions as mechanisms of making them relevant. Absence the truth of a framework, relevance cannot be established. Computers may be able to make mathematical judgments using epistemic modesty, but thinking subjects cannot.~6~ Use epistemic confidence.~a~ Truth-testing implies it – you must first determine under what conditions something could be considered true before deciding if it is true. EM begs the question of why maximizing value on your side of the resolution is good, that would require comparative worlds.~b~ It's substantively true – you wouldn't combine medicines from three different doctors just because they gave you three different opinions.~c~ EC promotes higher quality phil clash because it incentivizes stronger defensive arguments against phil which actually test the underlying warrants in frameworks rather than just extending args for a risk of offense~d~ EM is infinitely regressive since we need to use modesty to determine the probability that EM is true and that that is true and so on~e~ EC is better for clash people it ensures that people don't weigh something that is 0.01 true against something that is 100 true and ignore clash~7~ Paradigm issues should be bidirectional~a~ Reciprocity – different paradigm issues for different debaters skews my strategy means it creates a 2-1 burden against me which o/w on quantifiability and verifiability~b~ better for norm setting if there are predictable consistent paradigm issues~c~ arguments for being particular to shells can be made as weighing arguments between theory — solves their offense~d~ no brightline for how particular is enough~e~ uni-directional splits time - because you have to spend time answering them if you also want theory offense (e.g. with dtd)~f~ simpler norms require less judge intervention~8~ Being from the year 2050 is a voting issue
Violation: My opponent is from the future check the doc – they already violate they admitted it round 2 so even if they don't read the argument it doesn't get them out of the violationVote aff~a~ strat skew – u already know every argument im going to make in this round – means you have an unfair advantage~b~ Rule breaking – high school LD debate is specifically for high school students – they're a time traveler from 2050 not a high school student~c~ They already fulfilled their purpose in blue key round 2 – the ballot was for the neg, doesn't apply to this round~d~ if they're not from the future they're just lying and lied to win round 2 – terrible norm for debateFairness – debate is a competitive activity that requires fairness for objective evaluation. Outweighs because it's the only intrinsic part of debate – all other rules can be debated over but rely on some conception of fairness to be justified.Drop the debater – a~ deter future abuse and b~ set better norms for debate.Competing interps – ~a~ reasonability is arbitrary and encourages judge intervention since there's no clear norm, ~b~ it creates a race to the top where we create the best possible norms for debate.No RVIs – a~ illogical, you don't win for proving that you meet the burden of being fair, logic outweighs since it's a prerequisite for evaluating any other argument, b~ RVIs incentivize baiting theory and prepping it out which leads to maximally abusive practices | 11/5/21 |
ND - Ripstein v4Tournament: Apple Valley MinneApple Debate Tournament | Round: 1 | Opponent: Lexington AT | Judge: Phoenix Pittman FWThe meta-ethic is practical reasoningInfinite Regress: We can infinitely ask why for other theories but to ask why for reasons concedes reasons, so reasons are inescapable and binding, and binding theory outweigh because only they can guide action which is the purpose of ethics.Action Theory: Every action has infinite sub-actions we must unify them under intent to explain the unity of action. To use intent agents must use practical reason to know the means she takes in her actions can achieve principles guiding the action.To be an agent is to have the ability to rationally self-reflect, because that ability is how we derive reason and value.Korsgaard 96 Agency requires universalizability. Universal willing is a prerequisite to self-determination of action. Anything else means desire controls our actions, thus the actor is no longer an agent.Korsgaard 99 If an agent regards their purpose as important, they must regard the means as important, one of which is freedom.Denying individuals' independent choice, or outer freedom, is rationally contradictory. As you expand your freedom to limit someone else's same freedom which results in contradiction and is incoherent, so we can't limit anyone's freedom. A universal system of freedoms requires consistency with the omnilateral will.Ripstein 04 For the state to maintain its united will, the powerful need to be regulated so they cannot rightfully abuse positions over those subject to them to maintain equal freedom. Coercion is when your circumstance requires adopting another's purposes because of imbalanced bargaining position.Ripstein 9 "Force and Freedom." Arthur Ripstein, 2009. Prof. of Philosophy and Law at University of Toronto. https://books.google.com/books?id=W_B3oVsdOZUCandpg=PA272andlpg=PA272anddq=22Kant+argues+that+provision+for+the+poor+follows+directly+from+the+very+idea+of+a+united+will.22andsource=blandots=qeZgxmZ4o0andsig=ACfU3U09Kis9KW3g9jVDf3h8LHA3lm7hdgandhl=enandsa=Xandved=2ahUKEwiW4aCQ3ePzAhX7nWoFHZIQCpIQ6AF6BAgDEAM~~#v=onepageandq=22Kant20argues20that20provision20for20the20poor20follows20directly20from20the20very20idea20of20a20united20will.22Because20each20person20is20master20andf=false SJMS Bracketed for clarity Thus, the standard is consistency with the omnilateral will.AdvocacyThus, the resolution Resolved: A just government ought to recognize an unconditional right of workers to strike. CP and PICs affirm because they do not disprove my general thesis. CX checks on spec shells and I'll meet them.Offense~1~ A libertarian model of labor rights would not allow union monopolization, but it would not curtail a right to strike.Hill 11 Henry Hill (Freelance political writer), "A free market in labour: libertarians, employment and the unions," Adam Smith Institute. 12 September 2011. https://www.adamsmith.org/blog/regulation-industry/a-free-market-in-labour-libertarians-employment-and-the-unions SJMS ~2~ So long as society is not completely libertarian, libertarians should support union's rights as a check on other threats to liberty.Levine 12 Peter Levine (Associate Dean for Research and the Lincoln Filene Professor of Citizenship and Public Affairs at Tufts University's Tisch College of Civic Life. Concerned about civic education, civic engagement, and democratic reform in the United States and elsewhere.), "libertarians, violence, and unions," A Blog for Civic Renewal. December 13th, 2012. https://peterlevine.ws/?p=10340 SJMS ~3~ Recognizing the right to strike would transform dominating power structures.Lazar 20 ~Orlando; 10/6/20; St. Edmund Hall and Balliol College, University of Oxford; "Work, Domination, and the False Hope of Universal Basic Income," https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11158-020-09487-9~~ Justin Additionally, this means if the state denies workers this right to strike, the state will unregulate the powerful and create imbalanced bargaining position – thus violating the united will and the omnilateral will. The state must recognize this right to strike.~4~ Striking is a fundamental protection of dignity and the right of the worker to resist abusive coercive employee-employer relationships.Mason 18 ~Elinor. Elinor Mason is a senior lecturer in philosophy at Edinburgh University. On striking, and the recognition that ethics are a collective affair. "On striking, and the recognition that ethics are a collective affair". 4-1-2018. openDemocracy. https://www.opendemocracy.net/en/opendemocracyuk/on-striking-and-recognition-that-ethics-are-collective-affair/.~~ SJVM UV~1~ Aff gets 1AR theory, Drop the Debater, and no RVIs – 1AR theory is the only recourse to check back infinite NC abuse, since it's impossible to preempt NC abuse within the AC. Aff gets drop the debater, since 1AR is too short to win both theory and substance, and 2N doesn't get RVIs, since RVIs uniquely deter the 1AR from checking NC abuse since the 1A knows the 2N can spend 6 minutes on the RVI and win.~2~ Consequences Fail:~a~ Every action has infinite stemming consequences, because every consequence can cause another consequence so we can't predict or calculate.~b~ Induction is circular because it relies on the assumption that nature will hold uniform and we could only reach that conclusion through inductive reasoning based on observation of past events.~3~ Use epistemic confidence.~a~ Truth-testing implies it – you must first determine under what conditions something could be considered true before deciding if it is true. EM begs the question of why maximizing value on your side of the resolution is good, that would require comparative worlds.~b~ It's substantively true – you wouldn't combine medicines from three different doctors just because they gave you three different opinions.~c~ EC promotes higher quality phil clash because it incentivizes stronger defensive arguments against phil which actually test the underlying warrants in frameworks rather than just extending args for a risk of offense~d~ EM is infinitely regressive since we need to use modesty to determine the probability that EM is true and that that is true and so on~e~ EC is better for clash people it ensures that people don't weigh something that is 0.01 true against something that is 100 true and ignore clash~4~ The burden of both debaters is to justify their theory of the good and justify action under itPrefer:~a~ Begs the question – if they don't justify an ethical theory we don't know why oppression matters of how to deal with it.~b~ Normative foundations – There's no motivation to do your aff unless there's an ethical theory explaining why it's motivating.~c~ It comes before pedagogy because we can't know a teachers obligations unless we have an ethical theory~d~ Anything else is artificially narrow and incoherent –focusing on one issue is not fully comprehensive it can't explain itself in a non-circular war unless you have a theory of the good.~5~ Permissibility and presumption substantively affirm:~a~ If I told you my name is Michael; you would believe that absent evidence to believe otherwise which proves that statements are more likely to be true.~b~ Negating an obligation requires proving a prohibition – they prohibit the aff action.~c~ If agents had to reflect on every action they take and justify why it was a good one we would never be able to take an action because we would have to justify actions that are morally neutral i.e. drinking water is not morally right or wrong but if I had to justify my action every time I decided upon a course of action I would never be able to make decisions.~d~ Time skew—the negative gets 7 minutes to respond to the 1AC and 6 to respond to the 1AR – this is structural skew, means it outweighs because it controls access to the ballotMethod~1~ Ideal theory is capable of radical possibilities.Holmstrom 12 ~Holmstrom, Nancy ~Prof. Emeritus @ Rutgers~. "Response to Charles Mills's." Radical Philosophy Review 15.2 (2012): 325-330.~ ~2~ Universality is the best way of solving oppression.Mills 18 Charles W. Mills. "Black Radical Kantianism." Res Philosophica, Vol. 95, No. 1, January 2018, pp. 1–33 https:// doi.org/ 10.11612/ resphil.1622 SJVM Organic Intellectual ~3~ Pluralism is good.Bleiker 14 – (6/17, Roland, Professor of International Relations at the University of Queensland, "International Theory Between Reification and Self-Reflective Critique," International Studies Review, Volume 16, Issue 2, pages 325–327) Util AdvantageGlobal democracy is collapsing now.Freedom House 3/3 ~Freedom House. Freedom House works to defend human rights and promote democratic change, with a focus on political rights and civil liberties. We act as a catalyst for freedom through a combination of analysis, advocacy, and action. Our analysis, focused on 13 central issues, is underpinned by our international program work. "New Report: The global decline in democracy has accelerated". 3-3-2021. . https://freedomhouse.org/article/new-report-global-decline-democracy-has-accelerated.~~ SJVM The plan solves:Corruption reduction – the right to strike fights concentration of power while reducing inequality.IER 17 ~Institute of Employment Rights. The IER exists to inform the debate around trade union rights and labour law by providing information, critical analysis, and policy ideas through our network of academics, researchers and lawyers. "UN Rights Expert: Right to strike is essential to democracy". 3-10-2017. . https://www.ier.org.uk/news/un-rights-expert-right-strike-essential-democracy/.~~ SJVM Democratic backsliding causes extinction.Kendall-Taylor 16 ~Andrea; Deputy national intelligence officer for Russia and Eurasia at the National Intelligence Council, Senior associate in the Human Rights Initiative at the Center for Strategic and International Studies in Washington; "How Democracy's Decline Would Undermine the International Order," CSIS; 7/15/16; https://www.csis.org/analysis/how-democracyE28099s-decline-would-undermine-international-order/~~ Justin | 11/5/21 |
ND - Ripstein v5Tournament: Apple Valley MinneApple Debate Tournament | Round: 5 | Opponent: San Mateo AS | Judge: Ben Waldman | 11/6/21 |
ND - Ripstein v6Tournament: Glenbrooks Speech and Debate Tournament | Round: 4 | Opponent: Westlake AC | Judge: Michael Kurian | 11/21/21 |
ND - Ripstein v7Tournament: Glenbrooks Speech and Debate Tournament | Round: 5 | Opponent: Westwood AG | Judge: Derek Ying | 11/21/21 |
ND - Ripstein v8Tournament: The Longhorn Classic | Round: 1 | Opponent: San Mateo Yesh Rao | Judge: Jack Quisenberry 1ACFWThe meta-ethic is practical reasoningInfinite Regress: We can infinitely ask why for other theories but to ask why for reasons concedes reasons, so reasons are inescapable and binding, and binding theory outweigh because only they can guide action which is the purpose of ethics.Action Theory: Every action has infinite sub-actions we must unify them under intent to explain the unity of action. To use intent agents must use practical reason to know the means she takes in her actions can achieve principles guiding the action.To be an agent is to have the ability to rationally self-reflect, because that ability is how we derive reason and value.Korsgaard 96 Agency requires universalizability. Universal willing is a prerequisite to self-determination of action. Anything else means desire controls our actions, thus the actor is no longer an agent.Korsgaard 99 If an agent regards their purpose as important, they must regard the means as important, one of which is freedom.Denying individuals' independent choice, or outer freedom, is rationally contradictory. As you expand your freedom to limit someone else's same freedom which results in contradiction and is incoherent, so we can't limit anyone's freedom. A universal system of freedoms requires consistency with the omnilateral will.Ripstein 04 For the state to maintain its united will, the powerful need to be regulated so they cannot rightfully abuse positions over those subject to them to maintain equal freedom. Coercion is when your circumstance requires adopting another's purposes because of imbalanced bargaining position.Ripstein 9 "Force and Freedom." Arthur Ripstein, 2009. Prof. of Philosophy and Law at University of Toronto. https://books.google.com/books?id=W_B3oVsdOZUCandpg=PA272andlpg=PA272anddq=22Kant+argues+that+provision+for+the+poor+follows+directly+from+the+very+idea+of+a+united+will.22andsource=blandots=qeZgxmZ4o0andsig=ACfU3U09Kis9KW3g9jVDf3h8LHA3lm7hdgandhl=enandsa=Xandved=2ahUKEwiW4aCQ3ePzAhX7nWoFHZIQCpIQ6AF6BAgDEAM~~#v=onepageandq=22Kant20argues20that20provision20for20the20poor20follows20directly20from20the20very20idea20of20a20united20will.22Because20each20person20is20master20andf=false SJMS Bracketed for clarity Thus, the standard is consistency with the omnilateral will. Prefer:~1~ Performativity—freedom is the key to the process of justification of arguments. Willing that we should abide by their ethical theory presupposes that we own ourselves in the first place. Thus, it is logically incoherent to justify a standard without first willing that we can pursue ends free from others.~2~ Consequences Fail:~a~ Every action has infinite stemming consequences, because every consequence can cause another consequence so we can't predict or calculate.~b~ Induction is circular because it relies on the assumption that nature will hold uniform and we could only reach that conclusion through inductive reasoning based on observation of past events.~c~ No extension o/w – it's the fallacy of origin we don't maximize oxygen even though we need it~3~ Use epistemic confidence.~a~ Truth-testing implies it – you must first determine under what conditions something could be considered true before deciding if it is true. EM begs the question of why maximizing value on your side of the resolution is good, that would require comparative worlds.~b~ It's substantively true – you wouldn't combine medicines from three different doctors just because they gave you three different opinions.~c~ EC promotes higher quality phil clash because it incentivizes stronger defensive arguments against phil which actually test the underlying warrants in frameworks rather than just extending args for a risk of offense~d~ EM is infinitely regressive since we need to use modesty to determine the probability that EM is true and that that is true and so on~e~ EC is better for clash people it ensures that people don't weigh something that is 0.01 true against something that is 100 true and ignore clashAdvocacyThus, the resolution Resolved: A just government ought to recognize an unconditional right of workers to strike. PICs affirm because they do not disprove my general thesis. CX checks on spec shells and I'll meet them. To clarify I'll defend implementation so your DAs link.Offense~1~ A libertarian model of labor rights would not allow union monopolization, but it would not curtail a right to strike.Hill 11 Henry Hill (Freelance political writer), "A free market in labour: libertarians, employment and the unions," Adam Smith Institute. 12 September 2011. https://www.adamsmith.org/blog/regulation-industry/a-free-market-in-labour-libertarians-employment-and-the-unions SJMS ~2~ So long as society is not completely libertarian, libertarians should support union's rights as a check on other threats to liberty.Levine 12 Peter Levine (Associate Dean for Research and the Lincoln Filene Professor of Citizenship and Public Affairs at Tufts University's Tisch College of Civic Life. Concerned about civic education, civic engagement, and democratic reform in the United States and elsewhere.), "libertarians, violence, and unions," A Blog for Civic Renewal. December 13th, 2012. https://peterlevine.ws/?p=10340 SJMS ~3~ Recognizing the right to strike would transform dominating power structures.Lazar 20 ~Orlando; 10/6/20; St. Edmund Hall and Balliol College, University of Oxford; "Work, Domination, and the False Hope of Universal Basic Income," https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11158-020-09487-9~~ Justin Additionally, this means if the state denies workers this right to strike, the state will unregulate the powerful and create imbalanced bargaining position – thus violating the united will and the omnilateral will. The state must recognize this right to strike.UV~1~ Aff gets 1AR theory– 1AR theory is the only recourse to check back infinite NC abuse, since it's impossible to preempt NC abuse within the AC.~2~ Permissibility and presumption substantively affirm:~a~ If I told you my name is Michael; you would believe that absent evidence to believe otherwise which proves that statements are more likely to be true.~b~ Negating an obligation requires proving a prohibition – they prohibit the aff action.~3~ The neg has to defend there is a moral prohibition on the resolution – to clarify they cannot trigger permissibility or presumption or read skep~a~ Logic -If agents had to reflect on every action they take and justify why it was a good one we would never be able to take an action because we would have to justify actions that are morally neutral i.e. drinking water is not morally right or wrong but if I had to justify my action every time I decided upon a course of action I would never be able to make decisions.~b~ Reciprocity – I've defended that the resolution is morally good they have to defend that it's morally bad~4~ The role of the ballot is to vote affirmative if the judgment expressed by the resolution is true, vote neg if the judgement is false.The resolution should be viewed as a judgment, not a proposition. Judgments are ideas cognitively held in the mind of real subjects, propositions are linguistic artifacts that act as placeholders in computational processes.Prefer:~a~ Inescapable: the judge is a thinking subject and not a computer – so long as the judge evaluates any claim on the flow they are committed to coming to judgments about those claims and about the round as a whole. Even if the resolution is used as a proposition in these claims, that is only as a heuristic to making judgments.~b~ Co-opts the predictability benefits of truth-testing without the harms of blippy NIBs and a prioris.~c~ Meaning is determined inferentially – you only know what the resolution means by understanding what it would mean to justify it as a true statement. Meaning is not determined by net benefits to interpretations but by the norms that govern how justification works. If I say there is no butter in the fridge, you know what I mean because you understand what is required for me to assert that there is no butter and what it would mean to negate my claim.Implications:~a~ Judgment-testing is different than generic truth-testing – linguistic NIBs and a prioris are not relevant offense under it while normatively relevant contention-level offense is.~b~ Process and agent CPs don't negate – so long as an agent determines that an alternative is not likely to occur, they can make the moral judgment that action is good. E.g. it could be good for the federal government to do gun control because it isn't likely the 50 states will, even if that is ideally better.~c~ Epistemic confidence on framework – the inferences required to determine the resolution are deductively arrived at through a process of determining what it means for an act to be morally good. That means that framework claims should be viewed as preclusive impact filters because they are syllogistically related to contentions as mechanisms of making them relevant. Absence the truth of a framework, relevance cannot be established. Computers may be able to make mathematical judgments using epistemic modesty, but thinking subjects cannot.AdvantageThe right to strike is Customary International Law, but the US fails to meet opinio juris standards. Perception of US insufficiency breeds uncertainty with confidence in international law and spirals into noncompliance – that causes a legitimacy crisis. No alt causes to legitimacy – FOA is central to the ILO and the biggest internal link.Brudney 21 ~James; 2/8/21; Joseph Crowley Chair in Labor and Employment Law, Fordham Law School; "The Right to Strike as Customary International Law," THE YALE JOURNAL OF INTERNATIONAL LAW, Vol 46, https://digitalcommons.law.yale.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1710andcontext=yjil~~ Justin Brackets in original That prevents harmonization of norms and throws the functioning of international institutions into question – prefer empirics.Seifert 21 ~Achim; 2021; Full Professor of Private Law, German and European Labor Law and Comparative Law at the University of Jena (since 2011). He holds both German State Exams in Law and a PhD of the Johann-Wolfgang-Goethe-University of Frankfurt (1998). After his Habilitation ~Post-Doc~ in 2006 at the University of Frankfurt and several short-term Replacements at the Universities of Frankfurt and Trier (2006-2008), he became an Associate Professor of European and International Labor Law at the University of Luxembourg (2008). His main fields of interest are the Labor Law of the European Union and Comparative Labor Law, including the methodology of Comparative Law. Achim SEIFERT serves as co-editor of the Comparative Labor Law and Policy Journal (CLLPJ) and is a member of the editorial board of the European Labour Law Journal (ELLJ) as well as of the Revue de droit comparé du travail et de la sécurité sociale (RDCTSS). He is an associated member of the International Academy of Comparative Law (since 2013) and fellow of the European Law Institute (ELI) (since 2014); furthermore he has been member of the Jean-Monnet-Centre of Excellence at the University of Jena (2013-2016). He has been visiting Professor at the Universities of Bordeaux, Nantes, Paris 1 (Panthéon-Sorbonne), Luigi Bocconi/Milan and Leuven (Global Law Programme) and has taught as adjunct professor at the University of Luxembourg between 2011 and 2016; "Book Review," European Labour Law Journal, https://sci-hub.se/https://doi.org/10.1177/2031952521994412~~ Justin Scenario one is SDG:Harmonizing international labor standards are key to Sustainable Development Goals – compliance is key.ILO 15 ~International Labor Organization; The International Labour Organization is a United Nations agency whose mandate is to advance social and economic justice through setting international labour standards. Founded in October 1919 under the League of Nations, it is the first and oldest specialised agency of the UN; "The benefits of International Labour Standards," No date stated but most recent event cited is 2015, https://www.ilo.org/global/standards/introduction-to-international-labour-standards/the-benefits-of-international-labour-standards/lang—en/index.htm~ Justin That's key to head off a laundry list of interacting catastrophic risks, the combination of which causes extinction and amplifies every other threat.Tom Cernev and Richard Fenner 20, Australian National University; Centre for Sustainable Development, Cambridge University Engineering Department, "The importance of achieving foundational Sustainable Development Goals in reducing global risk," Futures, Vol. 115, January 2020, Elsevier. Recut Justin | 12/4/21 |
ND - Ripstein v9Tournament: The Longhorn Classic | Round: 5 | Opponent: Northland Christian Collin Scamp-Gross | Judge: Samantha McLoughlin 1ACFWThe meta-ethic is practical reasoningInfinite Regress: We can infinitely ask why for other theories but to ask why for reasons concedes reasons, so reasons are inescapable and binding, and binding theory outweigh because only they can guide action which is the purpose of ethics.Action Theory: Every action has infinite sub-actions we must unify them under intent to explain the unity of action. To use intent agents must use practical reason to know the means she takes in her actions can achieve principles guiding the action.To be an agent is to have the ability to rationally self-reflect, because that ability is how we derive reason and value.Korsgaard 96 Agency requires universalizability. Universal willing is a prerequisite to self-determination of action. Anything else means desire controls our actions, thus the actor is no longer an agent.Korsgaard 99 If an agent regards their purpose as important, they must regard the means as important, one of which is freedom.Denying individuals' independent choice, or outer freedom, is rationally contradictory. As you expand your freedom to limit someone else's same freedom which results in contradiction and is incoherent, so we can't limit anyone's freedom. A universal system of freedoms requires consistency with the omnilateral will.Ripstein 04 For the state to maintain its united will, the powerful need to be regulated so they cannot rightfully abuse positions over those subject to them to maintain equal freedom. Coercion is when your circumstance requires adopting another's purposes because of imbalanced bargaining position.Ripstein 9 "Force and Freedom." Arthur Ripstein, 2009. Prof. of Philosophy and Law at University of Toronto. https://books.google.com/books?id=W_B3oVsdOZUCandpg=PA272andlpg=PA272anddq=22Kant+argues+that+provision+for+the+poor+follows+directly+from+the+very+idea+of+a+united+will.22andsource=blandots=qeZgxmZ4o0andsig=ACfU3U09Kis9KW3g9jVDf3h8LHA3lm7hdgandhl=enandsa=Xandved=2ahUKEwiW4aCQ3ePzAhX7nWoFHZIQCpIQ6AF6BAgDEAM~~#v=onepageandq=22Kant20argues20that20provision20for20the20poor20follows20directly20from20the20very20idea20of20a20united20will.22Because20each20person20is20master20andf=false SJMS Bracketed for clarity Thus, the standard is consistency with the omnilateral will. Prefer:~1~ Performativity—freedom is the key to the process of justification of arguments. Willing that we should abide by their ethical theory presupposes that we own ourselves in the first place. Thus, it is logically incoherent to justify a standard without first willing that we can pursue ends free from others.~2~ Use epistemic confidence.~a~ It's substantively true – you wouldn't combine medicines from three different doctors just because they gave you three different opinions.~b~ EC promotes higher quality phil clash because it incentivizes stronger defensive arguments against phil which actually test the underlying warrants in frameworks rather than just extending args for a risk of offense~c~ EM is infinitely regressive since we need to use modesty to determine the probability that EM is true and that that is true and so on~5~ Aspec - Ripstein has a better explanation of how states can take action because different politicians can have different views on aggregation proven by opposition in the political world but everyone is bound to universal maxims and the state is bound to the original contract as a state and not individual policy makers so only we assign the state obligationsAdvocacyThus, the resolution Resolved: A just government ought to recognize an unconditional right of workers to strike. PICs affirm because they do not disprove my general thesis. CX checks on spec shells and I'll meet them. To clarify I'll defend implementation so your DAs link.Offense~1~ A libertarian model of labor rights would not allow union monopolization, but it would not curtail a right to strike.Hill 11 Henry Hill (Freelance political writer), "A free market in labour: libertarians, employment and the unions," Adam Smith Institute. 12 September 2011. https://www.adamsmith.org/blog/regulation-industry/a-free-market-in-labour-libertarians-employment-and-the-unions SJMS ~2~ So long as society is not completely libertarian, libertarians should support union's rights as a check on other threats to liberty.Levine 12 Peter Levine (Associate Dean for Research and the Lincoln Filene Professor of Citizenship and Public Affairs at Tufts University's Tisch College of Civic Life. Concerned about civic education, civic engagement, and democratic reform in the United States and elsewhere.), "libertarians, violence, and unions," A Blog for Civic Renewal. December 13th, 2012. https://peterlevine.ws/?p=10340 SJMS ~3~ Recognizing the right to strike would transform dominating power structures.Lazar 20 ~Orlando; 10/6/20; St. Edmund Hall and Balliol College, University of Oxford; "Work, Domination, and the False Hope of Universal Basic Income," https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11158-020-09487-9~~ Justin Additionally, this means if the state denies workers this right to strike, the state will unregulate the powerful and create imbalanced bargaining position – thus violating the united will and the omnilateral will. The state must recognize this right to strike.~4~ Non-domination requires restriction of the employer's power to arbitrarily impose their will on employees.Bogg 17 ~Alan. Alan L Bogg is Professor in Law at the University of Bristol Law School. 'Republican Non-Domination and Labour Law: New Normativity or Trojan Horse?', (2017), 33, International Journal of Comparative Labour Law and Industrial Relations, Issue 3, pp. 391-417, https://kluwerlawonline.com/journalarticle/International+Journal+of+Comparative+Labour+Law+and+Industrial+Relations/33.3/IJCL2017017~~ SJVM ~5~ Striking is a fundamental protection of dignity and the right of the worker to resist abusive coercive employee-employer relationships.Mason 18 ~Elinor. Elinor Mason is a senior lecturer in philosophy at Edinburgh University. On striking, and the recognition that ethics are a collective affair. "On striking, and the recognition that ethics are a collective affair". 4-1-2018. openDemocracy. https://www.opendemocracy.net/en/opendemocracyuk/on-striking-and-recognition-that-ethics-are-collective-affair/.~~ SJVM UV~1~ Aff gets 1AR theory, Drop the Debater, and no RVIs – 1AR theory is the only recourse to check back infinite NC abuse, since it's impossible to preempt NC abuse within the AC. Aff gets drop the debater, since 1AR is too short to win both theory and substance, and 2N doesn't get RVIs, since RVIs uniquely deter the 1AR from checking NC abuse since the 1A knows the 2N can spend 6 minutes on the RVI and win. 1AR theory is the highest layer – Else, the NC has 7 minutes to be abusive and 6 minutes to leverage the abuse against 1A theory in the 2N, making checking abuse lexically impossible.~2~ Permissibility and presumption substantively affirm:~a~ If I told you my name is Michael; you would believe that absent evidence to believe otherwise which proves that statements are more likely to be true.~b~ Negating an obligation requires proving a prohibition – they prohibit the aff action.~c~ Logic -If agents had to reflect on every action they take and justify why it was a good one we would never be able to take an action because we would have to justify actions that are morally neutral i.e. drinking water is not morally right or wrong but if I had to justify my action every time I decided upon a course of action I would never be able to make decisions.~4~ Extinction doesn't come first~a~ Fallacy of origin – you don't maximize oxygen in this debate round thus we shouldn't maximize life~b~ Relies on consequences which we indite~c~ Double bind either we know Kant is truer in this debate round or it conflates post-pre fiat distinction~d~ It freezes action and is incoherent – everything can lead to extinction~e~ consent should be understood deontologically, people shouldn't be violated just to minimize other violations or you undermine the principle of inviolable consent in the first place~f~ We aren't killing them, there's intervening actors who flip the switch on the nukes or whatever - not responsible for their bad choices~g~ the true philosophy wouldn't say someone should sacrifice themselves for knowledge of it – can't go into a burning house for the last copy of the book - therefore, we shouldn't violate people's freedom and ignore the aff just to find this ethical theoryAdvantageThe right to strike is Customary International Law, but the US fails to meet opinio juris standards. Perception of US insufficiency breeds uncertainty with confidence in international law and spirals into noncompliance – that causes a legitimacy crisis. No alt causes to legitimacy – FOA is central to the ILO and the biggest internal link.Brudney 21 ~James; 2/8/21; Joseph Crowley Chair in Labor and Employment Law, Fordham Law School; "The Right to Strike as Customary International Law," THE YALE JOURNAL OF INTERNATIONAL LAW, Vol 46, https://digitalcommons.law.yale.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1710andcontext=yjil~~ Justin Brackets in original That prevents harmonization of norms and throws the functioning of international institutions into question – prefer empirics.Seifert 21 ~Achim; 2021; Full Professor of Private Law, German and European Labor Law and Comparative Law at the University of Jena (since 2011). He holds both German State Exams in Law and a PhD of the Johann-Wolfgang-Goethe-University of Frankfurt (1998). After his Habilitation ~Post-Doc~ in 2006 at the University of Frankfurt and several short-term Replacements at the Universities of Frankfurt and Trier (2006-2008), he became an Associate Professor of European and International Labor Law at the University of Luxembourg (2008). His main fields of interest are the Labor Law of the European Union and Comparative Labor Law, including the methodology of Comparative Law. Achim SEIFERT serves as co-editor of the Comparative Labor Law and Policy Journal (CLLPJ) and is a member of the editorial board of the European Labour Law Journal (ELLJ) as well as of the Revue de droit comparé du travail et de la sécurité sociale (RDCTSS). He is an associated member of the International Academy of Comparative Law (since 2013) and fellow of the European Law Institute (ELI) (since 2014); furthermore he has been member of the Jean-Monnet-Centre of Excellence at the University of Jena (2013-2016). He has been visiting Professor at the Universities of Bordeaux, Nantes, Paris 1 (Panthéon-Sorbonne), Luigi Bocconi/Milan and Leuven (Global Law Programme) and has taught as adjunct professor at the University of Luxembourg between 2011 and 2016; "Book Review," European Labour Law Journal, https://sci-hub.se/https://doi.org/10.1177/2031952521994412~~ Justin | 12/4/21 |
SO - Pandemics v1Tournament: Loyola Invitational | Round: 1 | Opponent: Evergreen Valley Independent SS | Judge: Holden Bukowsky 1AC – Adv – PandemicsOnly the plan can solve covid access – inequalities heighten the risk of mutations and uneven development – neg objections miss the boat.Kumar 21 ~Rajeesh; Associate Fellow at the Institute, currently working on a project titled "Emerging Powers and the Future of Global Governance: India and International Institutions." He has PhD in International Organization from Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi. Prior to joining MP-IDSA in 2016, he taught at JamiaMilliaIslamia, New Delhi (2010-11and 2015-16) and University of Calicut, Kerala (2007-08). His areas of research interest are International Organizations, India and Multilateralism, Global Governance, and International Humanitarian Law. He is the co-editor of two books;Eurozone Crisis and the Future of Europe: Political Economy of Further Integration and Governance (London: Palgrave Macmillan, 2014); and Islam, Islamist Movements and Democracy in the Middle East: Challenges, Opportunities and Responses (Delhi: Global Vision Publishing, 2013); "WTO TRIPS Waiver and COVID-19 Vaccine Equity," IDSA Issue Briefs; https://idsa.in/issuebrief/wto-trips-waiver-covid-vaccine-rkumar-120721~~ Justin Yes scale-up for covid.Erfani et al 21 ~Parsa; Lawrence Gostin; Vanessa Kerry; Parsa Erfani is a Fogarty Global Health Scholar at Harvard Medical School and the University of Global Health Equity. Lawrence Gostin is a professor at Georgetown University Law Center, director of the school's O'Neill Institute for National and Global Health Law, and director of the World Health Organization Center on National and Global Health Law. Vanessa Kerry is a critical care physician at Massachusetts General Hospital, director of the Program for Global Public Policy at Harvard Medical School, and CEO of Seed Global Health, a nonprofit that trains health workers in countries with critical shortages; "Beyond a symbolic gesture: What's needed to turn the IP waiver into Covid-19 vaccines," STAT; 5/19/21; https://www.statnews.com/2021/05/19/beyond-a-symbolic-gesture-whats-needed-to-turn-the-ip-waiver-into-covid-19-vaccines/~~ Justin Independently strategic patenting harms innovation incentives during pandemics – encourages reproduction of generics and decrease breakthroughs.Gurgula 20 ~Olga; Lecturer in Intellectual Property Law at Brunel Law School, Brunel University London. She is also a Visiting Fellow at the Oxford Martin Programme on Affordable Medicines, University of Oxford; "Strategic Patenting by Pharmaceutical Companies – Should Competition Law Intervene?" Springer Link; 10/28/20; https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s40319-020-00985-0~~#Sec4~~ Justin Corona escalates security threats that cause extinction – cooperation thesis is wrong.Recna 21 ~Research Center for Nuclear Weapon Abolition; Nagasaki, Japan; "Pandemic Futures and Nuclear Weapon Risks: The Nagasaki 75th Anniversary pandemic-nuclear nexus scenarios final report," Journal for Peace and Nuclear Disarmament; 5/28/21; https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/25751654.2021.1890867~~ Justin 1AC – PlanPlan text: The member nations of the World Trade Organization ought to reduce intellectual property protections for medicines during pandemics.Enforcement through limited IP waivers solve – patent term extensions are normal means and solves innovation and scale-up.Young and Potts-Szeliga 21 ~Roberta; Counsel in Seyfarth's Litigation department and Intellectual Property and Patent Litigation practice groups in Los Angeles; Jamaica Potts-Szeliga; Partner in Seyfarth's Litigation department and Intellectual Property and Patent Litigation practice groups in Washington, DC. She also provides advice on FDA regulatory issues and is part of the firm's Health Care, Life Sciences, and Pharmaceuticals team; "A Third Option: Limited IP Waiver Could Solve Our Pandemic Vaccine Problems," IP Watch Dog; 7/21/21; https://www.ipwatchdog.com/2021/07/21/third-option-limited-ip-waiver-solve-pandemic-vaccine-problems/id=135732/~~ Justin The plan is critical to boosting WTO legitimacy.Navnit 21 ~Brajendra; Ambassador and Permanent Representative of India to WTO; "Science has delivered, will the WTO deliver?" Helsinki Times; 1/18/21; https://www.helsinkitimes.fi/columns/columns/viewpoint/18561-science-has-delivered-will-the-wto-deliver.html~~ Justin WTO cred solves wars that go nuclear.Hamann 09 ~Georgia; 2009; J.D. Candidate, Vanderbilt University Law School; "Replacing Slingshots with Swords: Implications of the Antigua-Gambling 22.6 Panel Report for Developing Countries and the World Trading System," VANDERBILT JOURNAL OF TRANSNATIONAL LAW, http://www.jogoremoto.pt/docs/extra/duqJ53.pdf~~ Justin 1AC – FramingThe standard is maximizing expected wellbeing.1~ Actor spec—governments must use util because they don't have intentions and are constantly dealing with tradeoffs—outweighs since different agents have different obligations—takes out calc indicts since they are empirically denied.2~ Death is bad and outweighs – a~ agents can't act if they fear for their bodily security which constrains every ethical theory, b~ it destroys the subject itself – kills any ability to achieve value in ethics since life is a prerequisite which means it's a side constraint since we can't reach the end goal of ethics without life3~ Pleasure and pain are the starting point for moral reasoning—they're our most baseline desires and the only things that explain the intrinsic value of objects or actionsMoen 16, Ole Martin (PhD, Research Fellow in Philosophy at University of Oslo). "An Argument for Hedonism." Journal of Value Inquiry 50.2 (2016): 267. 4~ Extinction outweighsMacAskill 14 ~William, Oxford Philosopher and youngest tenured philosopher in the world, Normative Uncertainty, 2014~ 5~ Physicalism is true and leads to util – ignore non-material circumstances.Papineau 9 Papineau, David, "Naturalism", The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (Spring 2009 Edition), Edward N. Zalta (ed.), URL = http://plato.stanford.edu/archives/spr2009/entries/naturalism/. Underview1~ Aff gets 1AR theory since the neg can be infinitely abusive and I can't check back. It's drop the debater since the 1ar is too short to win both theory and substance. No RVI or 2NR paradigm issues since they'd dump on it for 6 minutes and my 3-minute 2AR is spread too thin. Competing interps since reasonability is arbitrary and bites judge intervention.====2~ Fairness first – ==== ====A~ Debate's a competitive game and requires objective evaluation. ==== B~ Fairness best coheres a winner since if one debater had ten minutes to speak and the other had three there would be incongruence that alters ability to judge the better debaterC~ Determines engagement in substance so it outweighs.MethodThe ROTB is to determine whether the post-fiat impacts of the Aff policy are good prefer:1~ Apocalyptic images challenge dominant power structures to create futures of social justiceJessica Hurley 17, Assistant Professor in the Humanities at the University of Chicago, "Impossible Futures: Fictions of Risk in the Longue Durée", Duke University Press, https://read.dukeupress.edu/american-literature/article/89/4/761/132823/Impossible-Futures-Fictions-of-Risk-in-the-Longue 2~ Simulated costs and benefits of post-fiat policies teaches students how to deploy themselves in the real world.Coverstone 05 (Alan Coverstone masters in communication from Wake Forest, longtime debate coach, "Acting on Activism: Realizing the vision of debate with pro-social impact," Paper presented at the National Communication Association Annual Conference, 11/17/05) Lex KY 3~ Policy education is key to advocacy – that outweighs on portable skills.Nixon 2K Makani Themba-Nixon, Executive Director of The Praxis Project. "Changing the Rules: What Public Policy Means for Organizing." Colorlines 3.2, 2000. 4~ The aff is at the heart of the global south's demands—-only governmental pressure creates the momentum necessary to fight profit motives and white nationalism.Hassan 21 ~Fatima; South African social justice activist and human rights lawyer. She worked on HIV/AIDS medicine access advocacy and litigation for many years with the AIDS Law Project and for the Treatment Action Campaign, clerked at the Constitutional Court of South Africa, served as special advisor to South Africa's former minister of health and public enterprises, and is the founder and current head of the Health Justice Initiative based in Cape Town; "Don't Let Drug Companies Create a System of Vaccine Apartheid," FP; 2/23/21; https://foreignpolicy.com/2021/02/23/dont-let-drug-companies-create-a-system-of-vaccine-apartheid/~~ Justin 5~ Pluralism is good.Bleiker 14 – (6/17, Roland, Professor of International Relations at the University of Queensland, "International Theory Between Reification and Self-Reflective Critique," International Studies Review, Volume 16, Issue 2, pages 325–327) ====6~ Working within the state functions to expose hidden oppression and to fully understand the state – we're a prerequisite to the kritik.==== | 9/4/21 |
SO - Pandemics v2Tournament: Grapevine Classic | Round: 3 | Opponent: Harrison JP | Judge: Allison Aldridge 1AC – Adv – PandemicsOnly the plan can solve covid access – inequalities heighten the risk of mutations and uneven development – neg objections miss the boat.Kumar 21 ~Rajeesh; Associate Fellow at the Institute, currently working on a project titled "Emerging Powers and the Future of Global Governance: India and International Institutions." He has PhD in International Organization from Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi. Prior to joining MP-IDSA in 2016, he taught at JamiaMilliaIslamia, New Delhi (2010-11and 2015-16) and University of Calicut, Kerala (2007-08). His areas of research interest are International Organizations, India and Multilateralism, Global Governance, and International Humanitarian Law. He is the co-editor of two books;Eurozone Crisis and the Future of Europe: Political Economy of Further Integration and Governance (London: Palgrave Macmillan, 2014); and Islam, Islamist Movements and Democracy in the Middle East: Challenges, Opportunities and Responses (Delhi: Global Vision Publishing, 2013); "WTO TRIPS Waiver and COVID-19 Vaccine Equity," IDSA Issue Briefs; https://idsa.in/issuebrief/wto-trips-waiver-covid-vaccine-rkumar-120721~~ Justin Yes scale-up for covid.Erfani et al 21 ~Parsa; Lawrence Gostin; Vanessa Kerry; Parsa Erfani is a Fogarty Global Health Scholar at Harvard Medical School and the University of Global Health Equity. Lawrence Gostin is a professor at Georgetown University Law Center, director of the school's O'Neill Institute for National and Global Health Law, and director of the World Health Organization Center on National and Global Health Law. Vanessa Kerry is a critical care physician at Massachusetts General Hospital, director of the Program for Global Public Policy at Harvard Medical School, and CEO of Seed Global Health, a nonprofit that trains health workers in countries with critical shortages; "Beyond a symbolic gesture: What's needed to turn the IP waiver into Covid-19 vaccines," STAT; 5/19/21; https://www.statnews.com/2021/05/19/beyond-a-symbolic-gesture-whats-needed-to-turn-the-ip-waiver-into-covid-19-vaccines/~~ Justin Independently strategic patenting harms innovation incentives during pandemics – encourages reproduction of generics and decrease breakthroughs.Gurgula 20 ~Olga; Lecturer in Intellectual Property Law at Brunel Law School, Brunel University London. She is also a Visiting Fellow at the Oxford Martin Programme on Affordable Medicines, University of Oxford; "Strategic Patenting by Pharmaceutical Companies – Should Competition Law Intervene?" Springer Link; 10/28/20; https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s40319-020-00985-0~~#Sec4~~ Justin Corona escalates security threats that cause extinction – cooperation thesis is wrong.Recna 21 ~Research Center for Nuclear Weapon Abolition; Nagasaki, Japan; "Pandemic Futures and Nuclear Weapon Risks: The Nagasaki 75th Anniversary pandemic-nuclear nexus scenarios final report," Journal for Peace and Nuclear Disarmament; 5/28/21; https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/25751654.2021.1890867~~ Justin 1AC – Adv – Vaccine DiplomacyAmerican vaccine diplomacy is failing in Latin America – that allows for Chinese influence. Only the plan can return the world back to a US led order.Carman and Carl 6/15 ~Ezequiel and Joseph; Argentine lawyer and global health and trade policy consultant. Previously, he served as a legal advisor to the Ministry of Justice of Buenos Aires, an assistant professor of international public law at the Universidad Católica Argentina, and a research assistant at the O'Neill Institute for National and Global Health Law; Graduate of Liberty University, where he studied international relations and strategic international studies. He has worked for the U.S. Department of State and the Heritage Foundation; "A U.S. vaccine diplomacy strategy for Latin America and the Caribbean," Global Americans; 6/15/21; https://theglobalamericans.org/2021/06/a-u-s-vaccine-diplomacy-strategy-for-latin-america-and-the-caribbean/~~ Justin It's not over – Latin America is still skeptical of Chinese aid but lack of US presence means it's the only choice – try or die to capitalize on this weakness.Kneip 8/10 ~Lucie; Student at the University of Notre Dame studying Political Science and Global Affairs. Her research interests include U.S. foreign policy and democratization, civil and criminal warfare, and the intersection of religion and politics; "China's Vaccine Diplomacy in Latin America," The Diplomat; 8/10/21; https://thediplomat.com/2021/08/chinas-vaccine-diplomacy-in-latin-america/~~ Justin Chinese influence ends the liberal order.Cossu 7/16 ~Elena; Early-stage researcher for the MSCA Innovative Training Network FATIGUE, PhD candidate in economics at Corvinus University of Budapest and recently finished her year as a visiting researcher at University College London and at the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development. Elena comes from a place culturally in between Germany and Italy. She has also had experience working in Greece, France, Latin America, Thailand, and Hungary. Elena is passionate about political and economic inequalities between states, and about understanding what prevents the political and economic convergence of different peripheries of the world; "In Latin America, Chinese vaccine diplomacy is directly challenging US's declining authority," Scroll.in; 7/16/20; https://scroll.in/article/1000114/in-latin-america-chinese-vaccine-diplomacy-is-directly-challenging-uss-declining-authority~~ Justin Collapse of the liberal order causes extinction.Yulis 17 ~Max; Major in PoliSci, Penn Political Review; "In Defense of Liberal Internationalism," Penn Political Review; 4/8/17; http://pennpoliticalreview.org/2017/04/in-defense-of-liberal-internationalism/~~ Re-Cut Justin Yes transition wars—-both sides miscalculate.Min-hyung Kim 20. Department of Political Science and International Relations, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea. "A real driver of US–China trade conflict: The Sino–US competition for global hegemony and its implications for the future" Emerald Insight. 02-04-2019. https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/ITPD-02-2019-003/full/html Re-Cut Justin Chinese diplomatic influence escalates.Brands 20 ~Hal; Henry A. Kissinger Distinguished Professor of Global Affairs at the Johns Hopkins School of Advanced International Studies (SAIS), a resident scholar at the American Enterprise Institute, and a Bloomberg Opinion columnist; "Don't Let Great Powers Carve Up the World Spheres of Influence Are Unnecessary and Dangerous," Foreign Affairs; 4/20/20; https://www.foreignaffairs.com/articles/china/2020-04-20/dont-let-great-powers-carve-world~~ Justin 1AC – PlanPlan text: The member nations of the World Trade Organization ought to reduce intellectual property protections for medicines during pandemics.Enforcement through limited IP waivers solve – patent term extensions are normal means and solves innovation and scale-up.Young and Potts-Szeliga 21 ~Roberta; Counsel in Seyfarth's Litigation department and Intellectual Property and Patent Litigation practice groups in Los Angeles; Jamaica Potts-Szeliga; Partner in Seyfarth's Litigation department and Intellectual Property and Patent Litigation practice groups in Washington, DC. She also provides advice on FDA regulatory issues and is part of the firm's Health Care, Life Sciences, and Pharmaceuticals team; "A Third Option: Limited IP Waiver Could Solve Our Pandemic Vaccine Problems," IP Watch Dog; 7/21/21; https://www.ipwatchdog.com/2021/07/21/third-option-limited-ip-waiver-solve-pandemic-vaccine-problems/id=135732/~~ Justin Underview1~ Aff gets 1AR theory since the neg can be infinitely abusive and I can't check back. It's drop the debater since the 1ar is too short to win both theory and substance. No RVI or 2NR paradigm issues since they'd dump on it for 6 minutes and my 3-minute 2AR is spread too thin. Competing interps since reasonability is arbitrary and bites judge intervention.1AC – FramingThe standard is maximizing expected wellbeing.1~ Actor spec—governments must use util because they don't have intentions and are constantly dealing with tradeoffs—outweighs since different agents have different obligations—takes out calc indicts since they are empirically denied.2~ Pleasure and pain are the starting point for moral reasoning—they're our most baseline desires and the only things that explain the intrinsic value of objects or actionsMoen 16, Ole Martin (PhD, Research Fellow in Philosophy at University of Oslo). "An Argument for Hedonism." Journal of Value Inquiry 50.2 (2016): 267. 3~ Extinction outweighsMacAskill 14 ~William, Oxford Philosopher and youngest tenured philosopher in the world, Normative Uncertainty, 2014~ 4~ Physicalism is true and leads to util – ignore non-material circumstances.Papineau 9 Papineau, David, "Naturalism", The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (Spring 2009 Edition), Edward N. Zalta (ed.), URL = http://plato.stanford.edu/archives/spr2009/entries/naturalism/. MethodThe ROTB is to determine whether the post-fiat impacts of the Aff policy are good prefer:1~ Apocalyptic images challenge dominant power structures to create futures of social justiceJessica Hurley 17, Assistant Professor in the Humanities at the University of Chicago, "Impossible Futures: Fictions of Risk in the Longue Durée", Duke University Press, https://read.dukeupress.edu/american-literature/article/89/4/761/132823/Impossible-Futures-Fictions-of-Risk-in-the-Longue 2~ Simulated costs and benefits of post-fiat policies teaches students how to deploy themselves in the real world.Coverstone 05 (Alan Coverstone masters in communication from Wake Forest, longtime debate coach, "Acting on Activism: Realizing the vision of debate with pro-social impact," Paper presented at the National Communication Association Annual Conference, 11/17/05) Lex KY 3~ The aff is at the heart of the global south's demands—-only governmental pressure creates the momentum necessary to fight profit motives and white nationalism.Hassan 21 ~Fatima; South African social justice activist and human rights lawyer. She worked on HIV/AIDS medicine access advocacy and litigation for many years with the AIDS Law Project and for the Treatment Action Campaign, clerked at the Constitutional Court of South Africa, served as special advisor to South Africa's former minister of health and public enterprises, and is the founder and current head of the Health Justice Initiative based in Cape Town; "Don't Let Drug Companies Create a System of Vaccine Apartheid," FP; 2/23/21; https://foreignpolicy.com/2021/02/23/dont-let-drug-companies-create-a-system-of-vaccine-apartheid/~~ Justin 4~ Policy education is key to advocacy – that outweighs on portable skills.Nixon 2K Makani Themba-Nixon, Executive Director of The Praxis Project. "Changing the Rules: What Public Policy Means for Organizing." Colorlines 3.2, 2000. 5~ Youth participatory action research enables transformative resistance and is crucial to make activism workCammarota and Fine 08 6~ Evolution proves our theory trueJohnson and Thayer 16 – Dominic D. P. Johnson, D.Phil., Ph.D.* and Bradley A. Thayer, Ph.D., "The evolution of offensive realism Survival under anarchy from the Pleistocene to the present," https://www.cambridge.org/core/services/aop-cambridge-core/content/view/56B778004187F70B8E59609BE7FEE7A4/S073093841600006Xa.pdf/div-class-title-the-evolution-of-offensive-realism-div.pdf | 9/11/21 |
SO - Pandemics v3Tournament: Mid America Cup | Round: 3 | Opponent: Princeton Independent Junkai Gong | Judge: Aryan Jasani Gimmie 30 else arbitrary hurt tournament records1AC – Adv – PandemicsOnly the plan can solve covid access – inequalities heighten the risk of mutations and uneven development.Kumar 21 ~Rajeesh; Associate Fellow at the Institute, currently working on a project titled "Emerging Powers and the Future of Global Governance: India and International Institutions." He has PhD in International Organization from Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi. Prior to joining MP-IDSA in 2016, he taught at JamiaMilliaIslamia, New Delhi (2010-11and 2015-16) and University of Calicut, Kerala (2007-08). His areas of research interest are International Organizations, India and Multilateralism, Global Governance, and International Humanitarian Law. He is the co-editor of two books;Eurozone Crisis and the Future of Europe: Political Economy of Further Integration and Governance (London: Palgrave Macmillan, 2014); and Islam, Islamist Movements and Democracy in the Middle East: Challenges, Opportunities and Responses (Delhi: Global Vision Publishing, 2013); "WTO TRIPS Waiver and COVID-19 Vaccine Equity," IDSA Issue Briefs; https://idsa.in/issuebrief/wto-trips-waiver-covid-vaccine-rkumar-120721~~ Justin Current vaccination rates aren't enough to meet targets – expansion of vaccine nationalism and imperialist exploitation.Jimenez 9/22 ~Darcy; 9/22/21; Healthcare Reporter; "Big pharma fuelling human rights crisis over Covid-19 vaccine inequity, says Amnesty," Pharmaceutical Technology, https://www.pharmaceutical-technology.com/features/big-pharma-human-rights-crisis-vaccine-covid-19-inequity-amnesty/~~ Justin Yes scale-up for COVID.—-AT: IP already waived That escalates security threats – extinction.—-AT: Cooperation Thesis 1AC - PlanPlan text: The member nations of the World Trade Organization ought to reduce intellectual property protections for medicines relating to COVID-19 vaccines until vaccination and immunity goals are achieved.Enforcement through limited IP waivers solve – patent term extensions are normal means and solves innovation and scale-up.Young and Potts-Szeliga 21 ~Roberta; Counsel in Seyfarth's Litigation department and Intellectual Property and Patent Litigation practice groups in Los Angeles; Jamaica Potts-Szeliga; Partner in Seyfarth's Litigation department and Intellectual Property and Patent Litigation practice groups in Washington, DC. She also provides advice on FDA regulatory issues and is part of the firm's Health Care, Life Sciences, and Pharmaceuticals team; "A Third Option: Limited IP Waiver Could Solve Our Pandemic Vaccine Problems," IP Watch Dog; 7/21/21; https://www.ipwatchdog.com/2021/07/21/third-option-limited-ip-waiver-solve-pandemic-vaccine-problems/id=135732/~~ Justin Member nations of the WTO areCal Chamber ~"World Trade Organization," California Chamber of Commerce~ JL To is an infinitive markerOxford n.d. ~"To," Oxford English Dictionary~ JL Reduce meansCambridge n.d. ~"Reduce," Cambridge English Dictionary~ JL Intellectual property protections areUSFG 14 ~(US Mission to International Organizations in Geneva) "Key Forms of Intellectual Property Protection," 4/24/2014~ JL For meansMerriam-Webster n.d. ~("For: Preposition," Merriam-Webster~ JL Medicine isLexico ND ~(Lexico dictionary) https://www.lexico.com/definition/medicine~~ BC 1AC – FWThe standard is maximizing expected well-being – to clarify, saving lives. Calc indicts don't link—my framework evaluates offense—pandemics is bad because as far as we know, it would cause suffering.1~ Death outweighs—A~ Agents can't act if they fear for their bodily security—my framework constrains every NC and KB~ It's the worst form of evil:Paterson 3 – Department of Philosophy, Providence College, Rhode Island (Craig, "A Life Not Worth Living?", Studies in Christian Ethics. 2~ Actor spec—governments must use util because they don't have intentions and are constantly dealing with tradeoffs—outweighs since different agents have different obligations—takes out calc indicts since they are empirically denied.3~ No intent-foresight distinction for states.Enoch 07 Enoch, D ~The Faculty of Law, The Hebrew Unviersity, Mount Scopus Campus, Jersusalem~. (2007). INTENDING, FORESEEING, AND THE STATE. Legal Theory, 13(02). doi:10.1017/s1352325207070048 https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/legal-theory/article/intending-foreseeing-and-the-state/76B18896B94D5490ED0512D8E8DC54B2 4~ Extinction outweighsMacAskill 14 ~William, Oxford Philosopher and youngest tenured philosopher in the world, Normative Uncertainty, 2014~ 1AC – UV1~ Aff gets 1AR theory since the neg can be infinitely abusive and I can't check back. It's drop the debater since the 1ar is too short to win both theory and substance. No RVI or 2NR paradigm issues since they'd dump on it for 6 minutes and my 3-minute 2AR is spread too thin. Competing interps since reasonability is arbitrary and bites judge intervention.2~ Permissibility and presumption affirm.A~ Freeze- otherwise we would not be able to justify morally neutral actions since there isn't a prohibition and we would have to prove an obligation.B~ Trivialism- statements are true until proven false, if I told you my name is Michael, you'd believe me.C~ Negation Theory- Negating requires a complete absence of an existing obligationNegate: to deny the existence of D~ According to 3 dictionary definitions "ought" denotes as a moral obligation – which means the neg has to prove a proactive moral obligation to continue the use of IPRshttps://www.dictionary.com/browse/ought~~#:~~:text=(used20to20express20duty20or,He20ought20to20be20punished. 3~ Use comparative worlds –A~ topic ed – forces the neg to research the topic instead of low quality rez flaw args – the only benefit to debate is making us better arguers not perfect logicians,B~ reciprocity – truth-testing allows the neg to disprove any part of the aff, but the aff has to defend every part, which gives the neg too much ground,4~ Reject skep/permissibility – it's an abhorrent view of the world that makes the debate space horrible which ow on accessibility – making args in favor of an alternate ethic solves. 1AC – Method1~ Apocalyptic images challenge dominant power structures to create futures of social justiceJessica Hurley 17, Assistant Professor in the Humanities at the University of Chicago, "Impossible Futures: Fictions of Risk in the Longue Durée", Duke University Press, https://read.dukeupress.edu/american-literature/article/89/4/761/132823/Impossible-Futures-Fictions-of-Risk-in-the-Longue 2~ Policy education is key to advocacy – that outweighs on portable skills.Nixon 2K Makani Themba-Nixon, Executive Director of The Praxis Project. "Changing the Rules: What Public Policy Means for Organizing." Colorlines 3.2, 2000. 3~ Youth participatory action research enables transformative resistance and is crucial to make activism workCammarota and Fine 08 4~ Offensive realism is true - Evolution proves our theory trueJohnson and Thayer 16 – Dominic D. P. Johnson, D.Phil., Ph.D.* and Bradley A. Thayer, Ph.D., "The evolution of offensive realism Survival under anarchy from the Pleistocene to the present," https://www.cambridge.org/core/services/aop-cambridge-core/content/view/56B778004187F70B8E59609BE7FEE7A4/S073093841600006Xa.pdf/div-class-title-the-evolution-of-offensive-realism-div.pdf 5~ Psychoanalysis is wrong~a~ Theory's wrong and states can't be psychoanalyzedParis 17 ~Dr Paris is Professor, Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, and Research Associate, Department of Psychiatry, Jewish General Hospital. "Is Psychoanalysis Still Relevant to Psychiatry?" https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5459228/~~ ~b~ Psychoanalysis is infinitely regressive, not falsifiable, and too abstractGordon 1 – Paul Gordon, accomplished psychotherapist, "Psychoanalysis and Racism: The Politics of Defeat," RACE and CLASS v. 42 n. 4, 2001, pp. 17-34. 6~ The aff is at the heart of the global south's demands—-only governmental pressure creates the momentum necessary to fight profit motives and white nationalism.Hassan 21 ~Fatima; South African social justice activist and human rights lawyer. She worked on HIV/AIDS medicine access advocacy and litigation for many years with the AIDS Law Project and for the Treatment Action Campaign, clerked at the Constitutional Court of South Africa, served as special advisor to South Africa's former minister of health and public enterprises, and is the founder and current head of the Health Justice Initiative based in Cape Town; "Don't Let Drug Companies Create a System of Vaccine Apartheid," FP; 2/23/21; https://foreignpolicy.com/2021/02/23/dont-let-drug-companies-create-a-system-of-vaccine-apartheid/~~ Justin 7~ Simulated costs and benefits of post-fiat policies teaches students how to deploy themselves in the real world.Coverstone 05 (Alan Coverstone masters in communication from Wake Forest, longtime debate coach, "Acting on Activism: Realizing the vision of debate with pro-social impact," Paper presented at the National Communication Association Annual Conference, 11/17/05) Lex KY | 9/26/21 |
SO - Pandemics v4Tournament: Mid America Cup | Round: 5 | Opponent: Lexington Jayden Bai | Judge: Jack Quisenberry 1AC – Adv – Vaccine DiplomacyAmerican vaccine diplomacy is failing in Latin America – that allows for Chinese influence. Only the plan can return the world back to a US led order.Carman and Carl 6/15 ~Ezequiel and Joseph; Argentine lawyer and global health and trade policy consultant. Previously, he served as a legal advisor to the Ministry of Justice of Buenos Aires, an assistant professor of international public law at the Universidad Católica Argentina, and a research assistant at the O'Neill Institute for National and Global Health Law; Graduate of Liberty University, where he studied international relations and strategic international studies. He has worked for the U.S. Department of State and the Heritage Foundation; "A U.S. vaccine diplomacy strategy for Latin America and the Caribbean," Global Americans; 6/15/21; https://theglobalamericans.org/2021/06/a-u-s-vaccine-diplomacy-strategy-for-latin-america-and-the-caribbean/~~ Justin Latin America is still skeptical of Chinese aid but lack of US presence means it's the only choice – recent influence means it's try or die to capitalize on this weakness.Raimundo 9/3 ~Joshua; 9/3/21; Graduate of the World Journalism Institute; "China peddles influence with vaccines," World Tour, https://wng.org/roundups/china-peddles-influence-with-vaccines-1630687161~~ Justin Chinese influence ends the liberal order.Cossu 7/16 ~Elena; Early-stage researcher for the MSCA Innovative Training Network FATIGUE, PhD candidate in economics at Corvinus University of Budapest and recently finished her year as a visiting researcher at University College London and at the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development. Elena comes from a place culturally in between Germany and Italy. She has also had experience working in Greece, France, Latin America, Thailand, and Hungary. Elena is passionate about political and economic inequalities between states, and about understanding what prevents the political and economic convergence of different peripheries of the world; "In Latin America, Chinese vaccine diplomacy is directly challenging US's declining authority," Scroll.in; 7/16/21; https://scroll.in/article/1000114/in-latin-america-chinese-vaccine-diplomacy-is-directly-challenging-uss-declining-authority~~ Justin Collapse of the liberal order causes extinction.Yulis 17 ~Max; Major in PoliSci, Penn Political Review; "In Defense of Liberal Internationalism," Penn Political Review; 4/8/17; http://pennpoliticalreview.org/2017/04/in-defense-of-liberal-internationalism/~~ Re-Cut Justin Yes transition wars—-both sides miscalculate.Min-hyung Kim 20. Department of Political Science and International Relations, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea. "A real driver of US–China trade conflict: The Sino–US competition for global hegemony and its implications for the future" Emerald Insight. 02-04-2019. https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/ITPD-02-2019-003/full/html Re-Cut Justin Chinese diplomatic influence escalates.Brands 20 ~Hal; Henry A. Kissinger Distinguished Professor of Global Affairs at the Johns Hopkins School of Advanced International Studies (SAIS), a resident scholar at the American Enterprise Institute, and a Bloomberg Opinion columnist; "Don't Let Great Powers Carve Up the World Spheres of Influence Are Unnecessary and Dangerous," Foreign Affairs; 4/20/20; https://www.foreignaffairs.com/articles/china/2020-04-20/dont-let-great-powers-carve-world~~ Justin 1AC – Adv – PandemicsOnly the plan can solve covid access – inequalities heighten the risk of mutations and uneven development.Kumar 21 ~Rajeesh; Associate Fellow at the Institute, currently working on a project titled "Emerging Powers and the Future of Global Governance: India and International Institutions." He has PhD in International Organization from Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi. Prior to joining MP-IDSA in 2016, he taught at JamiaMilliaIslamia, New Delhi (2010-11and 2015-16) and University of Calicut, Kerala (2007-08). His areas of research interest are International Organizations, India and Multilateralism, Global Governance, and International Humanitarian Law. He is the co-editor of two books;Eurozone Crisis and the Future of Europe: Political Economy of Further Integration and Governance (London: Palgrave Macmillan, 2014); and Islam, Islamist Movements and Democracy in the Middle East: Challenges, Opportunities and Responses (Delhi: Global Vision Publishing, 2013); "WTO TRIPS Waiver and COVID-19 Vaccine Equity," IDSA Issue Briefs; https://idsa.in/issuebrief/wto-trips-waiver-covid-vaccine-rkumar-120721~~ Justin Yes scale-up for COVID.—-AT: IP already waived Independently strategic patenting harms innovation incentives during pandemics – encourages reproduction of generics and decrease breakthroughs.Gurgula 20 ~Olga; Lecturer in Intellectual Property Law at Brunel Law School, Brunel University London. She is also a Visiting Fellow at the Oxford Martin Programme on Affordable Medicines, University of Oxford; "Strategic Patenting by Pharmaceutical Companies – Should Competition Law Intervene?" Springer Link; 10/28/20; https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s40319-020-00985-0~~#Sec4~~ Justin That escalates security threats – extinction.—-AT: Cooperation Thesis 1AC – PlanPlan text: The member nations of the World Trade Organization ought to reduce intellectual property protections for medicines relating to COVID-19 vaccines until vaccination and immunity goals are achieved.Enforcement through limited IP waivers solve – patent term extensions are normal means and solves innovation and scale-up.Young and Potts-Szeliga 21 ~Roberta; Counsel in Seyfarth's Litigation department and Intellectual Property and Patent Litigation practice groups in Los Angeles; Jamaica Potts-Szeliga; Partner in Seyfarth's Litigation department and Intellectual Property and Patent Litigation practice groups in Washington, DC. She also provides advice on FDA regulatory issues and is part of the firm's Health Care, Life Sciences, and Pharmaceuticals team; "A Third Option: Limited IP Waiver Could Solve Our Pandemic Vaccine Problems," IP Watch Dog; 7/21/21; https://www.ipwatchdog.com/2021/07/21/third-option-limited-ip-waiver-solve-pandemic-vaccine-problems/id=135732/~~ Justin 1AC - FrameworkThe standard is maximizing expected wellbeing. Prefer:~1~ The argument from supervenience is true and coherently explains the grounding for morality. Thus, the meta-ethic is moral naturalism.Lutz and Lenman 18. Lutz, Matthew and Lenman, James, "Moral Naturalism", The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (Fall 2018 Edition), Edward N. Zalta (ed.), URL = https://plato.stanford.edu/archives/fall2018/entries/naturalism-moral/. Massa Pleasure and pain are intrinsically valuable.Moen 16 ~Ole Martin Moen, Research Fellow in Philosophy at University of Oslo "An Argument for Hedonism" Journal of Value Inquiry (Springer), 50 (2) 2016: 267–281~ SJDI, brackets in original ~2~ Actor spec—governments must use util because they don't have intentions and are constantly dealing with tradeoffs—outweighs since different agents have different obligations—takes out calc indicts since they are empirically denied.~3~ Death is bad and outweighs – a~ agents can't act if they fear for their bodily security which constrains every ethical theory, b~ it destroys the subject itself – kills any ability to achieve value in ethics since life is a prerequisite which means it's a side constraint since we can't reach the end goal of ethics without life~4~ Extinction outweighsMacAskill 14 ~William, Oxford Philosopher and youngest tenured philosopher in the world, Normative Uncertainty, 2014~ It's fair,(A) the neg can choose to engage in the LARP debate and read their own extinction impacts(B) they can try and group answers to util with extinction, but I should have the phil ground to argue extinction is still relevant under other ethics.1AC - UV~1~ 1ar theory is legit because the neg can be infinitely abusive – it's the only way to check back and I can't check abuse in the 1AC~2~ Use comparative worlds –(A) topic ed – forces the neg to research the topic instead of low quality rez flaw args – the only benefit to debate is making us better arguers not perfect logicians,(B) reciprocity – truth-testing allows the neg to disprove any part of the aff, but the aff has to defend every part, which gives the neg too much ground,~3~ Reject skep/permissibility – it's an abhorrent view of the world that makes the debate space horrible which ow on accessibility – making args in favor of an alternate ethic solves. 1AC – Method~1~ Youth participatory action research enables transformative resistance and is crucial to make activism workCammarota and Fine 08 ~2~ Offensive realism is true - Evolution proves our theory trueJohnson and Thayer 16 – Dominic D. P. Johnson, D.Phil., Ph.D.* and Bradley A. Thayer, Ph.D., "The evolution of offensive realism Survival under anarchy from the Pleistocene to the present," https://www.cambridge.org/core/services/aop-cambridge-core/content/view/56B778004187F70B8E59609BE7FEE7A4/S073093841600006Xa.pdf/div-class-title-the-evolution-of-offensive-realism-div.pdf ~3~ Simulated costs and benefits of post-fiat policies teaches students how to deploy themselves in the real world.Coverstone 05 (Alan Coverstone masters in communication from Wake Forest, longtime debate coach, "Acting on Activism: Realizing the vision of debate with pro-social impact," Paper presented at the National Communication Association Annual Conference, 11/17/05) Lex KY | 10/15/21 |
SO - Pandemics v5Tournament: New York City Invitational Debate and Speech Tournament | Round: 1 | Opponent: Fairmont Prep SV | Judge: Parth Misra 1AC – Adv – Vaccine DiplomacyAmerican vaccine diplomacy is failing in Latin America – that allows for Chinese influence. Only the plan can return the world back to a US led order.Carman and Carl 6/15 ~Ezequiel and Joseph; Argentine lawyer and global health and trade policy consultant. Previously, he served as a legal advisor to the Ministry of Justice of Buenos Aires, an assistant professor of international public law at the Universidad Católica Argentina, and a research assistant at the O'Neill Institute for National and Global Health Law; Graduate of Liberty University, where he studied international relations and strategic international studies. He has worked for the U.S. Department of State and the Heritage Foundation; "A U.S. vaccine diplomacy strategy for Latin America and the Caribbean," Global Americans; 6/15/21; https://theglobalamericans.org/2021/06/a-u-s-vaccine-diplomacy-strategy-for-latin-america-and-the-caribbean/~~ Justin Latin America is still skeptical of Chinese aid but lack of US presence means it's the only choice – recent influence means it's try or die to capitalize on this weakness.Raimundo 9/3 ~Joshua; 9/3/21; Graduate of the World Journalism Institute; "China peddles influence with vaccines," World Tour, https://wng.org/roundups/china-peddles-influence-with-vaccines-1630687161~~ Justin Chinese influence ends the liberal order.Cossu 7/16 ~Elena; Early-stage researcher for the MSCA Innovative Training Network FATIGUE, PhD candidate in economics at Corvinus University of Budapest and recently finished her year as a visiting researcher at University College London and at the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development. Elena comes from a place culturally in between Germany and Italy. She has also had experience working in Greece, France, Latin America, Thailand, and Hungary. Elena is passionate about political and economic inequalities between states, and about understanding what prevents the political and economic convergence of different peripheries of the world; "In Latin America, Chinese vaccine diplomacy is directly challenging US's declining authority," Scroll.in; 7/16/21; https://scroll.in/article/1000114/in-latin-america-chinese-vaccine-diplomacy-is-directly-challenging-uss-declining-authority~~ Justin Collapse of the liberal order causes extinction.Yulis 17 ~Max; Major in PoliSci, Penn Political Review; "In Defense of Liberal Internationalism," Penn Political Review; 4/8/17; http://pennpoliticalreview.org/2017/04/in-defense-of-liberal-internationalism/~~ Re-Cut Justin Yes transition wars—-both sides miscalculate.Min-hyung Kim 20. Department of Political Science and International Relations, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea. "A real driver of US–China trade conflict: The Sino–US competition for global hegemony and its implications for the future" Emerald Insight. 02-04-2019. https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/ITPD-02-2019-003/full/html Re-Cut Justin Chinese diplomatic influence escalates.Brands 20 ~Hal; Henry A. Kissinger Distinguished Professor of Global Affairs at the Johns Hopkins School of Advanced International Studies (SAIS), a resident scholar at the American Enterprise Institute, and a Bloomberg Opinion columnist; "Don't Let Great Powers Carve Up the World Spheres of Influence Are Unnecessary and Dangerous," Foreign Affairs; 4/20/20; https://www.foreignaffairs.com/articles/china/2020-04-20/dont-let-great-powers-carve-world~~ Justin 1AC – Adv – PandemicsOnly the plan can solve covid access – inequalities heighten the risk of mutations and uneven development.Kumar 21 ~Rajeesh; Associate Fellow at the Institute, currently working on a project titled "Emerging Powers and the Future of Global Governance: India and International Institutions." He has PhD in International Organization from Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi. Prior to joining MP-IDSA in 2016, he taught at JamiaMilliaIslamia, New Delhi (2010-11and 2015-16) and University of Calicut, Kerala (2007-08). His areas of research interest are International Organizations, India and Multilateralism, Global Governance, and International Humanitarian Law. He is the co-editor of two books;Eurozone Crisis and the Future of Europe: Political Economy of Further Integration and Governance (London: Palgrave Macmillan, 2014); and Islam, Islamist Movements and Democracy in the Middle East: Challenges, Opportunities and Responses (Delhi: Global Vision Publishing, 2013); "WTO TRIPS Waiver and COVID-19 Vaccine Equity," IDSA Issue Briefs; https://idsa.in/issuebrief/wto-trips-waiver-covid-vaccine-rkumar-120721~~ Justin Yes scale-up for COVID.—-AT: IP already waived Independently strategic patenting harms innovation incentives during pandemics – encourages reproduction of generics and decrease breakthroughs.Gurgula 20 ~Olga; Lecturer in Intellectual Property Law at Brunel Law School, Brunel University London. She is also a Visiting Fellow at the Oxford Martin Programme on Affordable Medicines, University of Oxford; "Strategic Patenting by Pharmaceutical Companies – Should Competition Law Intervene?" Springer Link; 10/28/20; https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s40319-020-00985-0~~#Sec4~~ Justin That escalates security threats – extinction.—-AT: Cooperation Thesis COVID is a definitive determiner of conflict – negative statistics are short-term and don't evaluate long-term impacts of instability.ICG 20 ~International Crises Group; 3/24/2020; The International Crisis Group is an independent organisation working to prevent wars and shape policies that will build a more peaceful world. We sound the alarm to prevent deadly conflict. We build support for the good governance and inclusive politics that enable societies to flourish. We engage directly with a range of conflict actors to seek and share information, and to encourage intelligent action for peace; "COVID-19 and Conflict: Seven Trends to Watch," ICG, https://www.crisisgroup.org/global/sb4-covid-19-and-conflict-seven-trends-watch~~ Justin 1AC – PlanPlan text: The member nations of the World Trade Organization ought to reduce intellectual property protections for medicines during pandemicsThe aff is a good idea i.e., the sovereign in South Africa and India wants it to pass – we'll obey their rule.Enforcement through limited IP waivers solve – patent term extensions are normal means and solves innovation and scale-up.Young and Potts-Szeliga 21 ~Roberta; Counsel in Seyfarth's Litigation department and Intellectual Property and Patent Litigation practice groups in Los Angeles; Jamaica Potts-Szeliga; Partner in Seyfarth's Litigation department and Intellectual Property and Patent Litigation practice groups in Washington, DC. She also provides advice on FDA regulatory issues and is part of the firm's Health Care, Life Sciences, and Pharmaceuticals team; "A Third Option: Limited IP Waiver Could Solve Our Pandemic Vaccine Problems," IP Watch Dog; 7/21/21; https://www.ipwatchdog.com/2021/07/21/third-option-limited-ip-waiver-solve-pandemic-vaccine-problems/id=135732/~~ Justin 1AC - FrameworkPleasure and pain are the starting point for moral reasoning—they're our most baseline desires and the only things that explain the intrinsic value of objects or actions.Moen 16, Ole Martin (PhD, Research Fellow in Philosophy at University of Oslo). "An Argument for Hedonism." Journal of Value Inquiry 50.2 (2016): 267. Thus, the standard is maximizing expected wellbeing – prefer:~1~ Extinction outweighsPummer 15 ~Theron, Junior Research Fellow in Philosophy at St. Anne's College, University of Oxford. "Moral Agreement on Saving the World" Practical Ethics, University of Oxford. May 18, 2015~ AT ~2~ Actor spec—governments must use util because they don't have intentions and are constantly dealing with tradeoffs—outweighs since different agents have different obligations—takes out calc indicts since they are empirically denied.~3~ Reject calc indicts and util triggers permissibility arguments:Morally abhorrent – it would say we have no obligation to prevent genocide and that slavery was permissible which is morally abhorrent and makes debate unsafe for minority debaters. Action under one framework doesn't preclude action under another. For example, if I am a Utilitarian I can still have an obligation under util, even if the aff is bad under Hobbes. This means that winning a framing issue doesn't exclude my offense.~4~ Use epistemic modesty for evaluating the framework debate: that means compare the probability of the framework times the magnitude of the impact under a framework. Prefer:~A~ Substantively true since it maximizes the probability of achieving net most moral value—beating a framework acts as mitigation to their impacts but the strength of that mitigation is contingent.~B~ Clash—disincentives debaters from going all in for framework which means we get the ideal balance between topic ed and phil ed—it's important to talk about contention-level offense1AC – UnderviewGive me 30 speaks – only way to non-arbitrarily rank debaters without hurting their tournament record – judges will always have some sort of subconscious perception that affects speaks which means 30s solve1~ Aff gets 1AR theory since the neg can be infinitely abusive and I can't check back. It's drop the debater since the 1ar is too short to win both theory and substance. No RVI or 2NR paradigm issues since they'd dump on it for 6 minutes and my 3-minute 2AR is spread too thin. Competing interps since reasonability is arbitrary and bites judge intervention.
2~ No new 2N framing issues or responses. Destroys aff ability to frame the round, k2 recourse because the neg can uplayer in the 1N unchecked, makes the 4 minute 1AR impossible because either I have to respond to every layer or I have to make a weaker uplayering that is stomped by the 6 min 2N3~ Youth participatory action research enables transformative resistance and is crucial to make activism workCammarota and Fine 08 | 10/16/21 |
SO - Pandemics v6Tournament: New York City Invitational Debate and Speech Tournament | Round: 4 | Opponent: Lexington BF | Judge: Andrew Shaw 1AC – Adv – Vaccine DiplomacyAmerican vaccine diplomacy is failing in Latin America – that allows for Chinese influence. Only the plan can return the world back to a US led order.Carman and Carl 6/15 ~Ezequiel and Joseph; Argentine lawyer and global health and trade policy consultant. Previously, he served as a legal advisor to the Ministry of Justice of Buenos Aires, an assistant professor of international public law at the Universidad Católica Argentina, and a research assistant at the O'Neill Institute for National and Global Health Law; Graduate of Liberty University, where he studied international relations and strategic international studies. He has worked for the U.S. Department of State and the Heritage Foundation; "A U.S. vaccine diplomacy strategy for Latin America and the Caribbean," Global Americans; 6/15/21; https://theglobalamericans.org/2021/06/a-u-s-vaccine-diplomacy-strategy-for-latin-america-and-the-caribbean/~~ Justin Latin America is still skeptical of Chinese aid but lack of US presence means it's the only choice – recent influence means it's try or die to capitalize on this weakness.Raimundo 9/3 ~Joshua; 9/3/21; Graduate of the World Journalism Institute; "China peddles influence with vaccines," World Tour, https://wng.org/roundups/china-peddles-influence-with-vaccines-1630687161~~ Justin Chinese influence ends the liberal order.Cossu 7/16 ~Elena; Early-stage researcher for the MSCA Innovative Training Network FATIGUE, PhD candidate in economics at Corvinus University of Budapest and recently finished her year as a visiting researcher at University College London and at the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development. Elena comes from a place culturally in between Germany and Italy. She has also had experience working in Greece, France, Latin America, Thailand, and Hungary. Elena is passionate about political and economic inequalities between states, and about understanding what prevents the political and economic convergence of different peripheries of the world; "In Latin America, Chinese vaccine diplomacy is directly challenging US's declining authority," Scroll.in; 7/16/21; https://scroll.in/article/1000114/in-latin-america-chinese-vaccine-diplomacy-is-directly-challenging-uss-declining-authority~~ Justin Collapse of the liberal order causes extinction.Yulis 17 ~Max; Major in PoliSci, Penn Political Review; "In Defense of Liberal Internationalism," Penn Political Review; 4/8/17; http://pennpoliticalreview.org/2017/04/in-defense-of-liberal-internationalism/~~ Re-Cut Justin Yes transition wars—-both sides miscalculate.Min-hyung Kim 20. Department of Political Science and International Relations, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea. "A real driver of US–China trade conflict: The Sino–US competition for global hegemony and its implications for the future" Emerald Insight. 02-04-2019. https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/ITPD-02-2019-003/full/html Re-Cut Justin Chinese diplomatic influence escalates.Brands 20 ~Hal; Henry A. Kissinger Distinguished Professor of Global Affairs at the Johns Hopkins School of Advanced International Studies (SAIS), a resident scholar at the American Enterprise Institute, and a Bloomberg Opinion columnist; "Don't Let Great Powers Carve Up the World Spheres of Influence Are Unnecessary and Dangerous," Foreign Affairs; 4/20/20; https://www.foreignaffairs.com/articles/china/2020-04-20/dont-let-great-powers-carve-world~~ Justin 1AC – Adv – PandemicsOnly the plan can solve covid access – inequalities heighten the risk of mutations and uneven development.Kumar 21 ~Rajeesh; Associate Fellow at the Institute, currently working on a project titled "Emerging Powers and the Future of Global Governance: India and International Institutions." He has PhD in International Organization from Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi. Prior to joining MP-IDSA in 2016, he taught at JamiaMilliaIslamia, New Delhi (2010-11and 2015-16) and University of Calicut, Kerala (2007-08). His areas of research interest are International Organizations, India and Multilateralism, Global Governance, and International Humanitarian Law. He is the co-editor of two books;Eurozone Crisis and the Future of Europe: Political Economy of Further Integration and Governance (London: Palgrave Macmillan, 2014); and Islam, Islamist Movements and Democracy in the Middle East: Challenges, Opportunities and Responses (Delhi: Global Vision Publishing, 2013); "WTO TRIPS Waiver and COVID-19 Vaccine Equity," IDSA Issue Briefs; https://idsa.in/issuebrief/wto-trips-waiver-covid-vaccine-rkumar-120721~~ Justin Yes scale-up for COVID.—-AT: IP already waived Independently strategic patenting harms innovation incentives during pandemics – encourages reproduction of generics and decrease breakthroughs.Gurgula 20 ~Olga; Lecturer in Intellectual Property Law at Brunel Law School, Brunel University London. She is also a Visiting Fellow at the Oxford Martin Programme on Affordable Medicines, University of Oxford; "Strategic Patenting by Pharmaceutical Companies – Should Competition Law Intervene?" Springer Link; 10/28/20; https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s40319-020-00985-0~~#Sec4~~ Justin That escalates security threats – extinction.—-AT: Cooperation Thesis COVID is a definitive determiner of conflict – negative statistics are short-term and don't evaluate long-term impacts of instability.ICG 20 ~International Crises Group; 3/24/2020; The International Crisis Group is an independent organisation working to prevent wars and shape policies that will build a more peaceful world. We sound the alarm to prevent deadly conflict. We build support for the good governance and inclusive politics that enable societies to flourish. We engage directly with a range of conflict actors to seek and share information, and to encourage intelligent action for peace; "COVID-19 and Conflict: Seven Trends to Watch," ICG, https://www.crisisgroup.org/global/sb4-covid-19-and-conflict-seven-trends-watch~~ Justin 1AC – PlanPlan text: The member nations of the World Trade Organization ought to reduce intellectual property protections for medicines during pandemicsEnforcement through limited IP waivers solve – patent term extensions are normal means and solves innovation and scale-up.Young and Potts-Szeliga 21 ~Roberta; Counsel in Seyfarth's Litigation department and Intellectual Property and Patent Litigation practice groups in Los Angeles; Jamaica Potts-Szeliga; Partner in Seyfarth's Litigation department and Intellectual Property and Patent Litigation practice groups in Washington, DC. She also provides advice on FDA regulatory issues and is part of the firm's Health Care, Life Sciences, and Pharmaceuticals team; "A Third Option: Limited IP Waiver Could Solve Our Pandemic Vaccine Problems," IP Watch Dog; 7/21/21; https://www.ipwatchdog.com/2021/07/21/third-option-limited-ip-waiver-solve-pandemic-vaccine-problems/id=135732/~~ Justin 1AC – FWThe standard is maximizing expected wellbeing to clarify, hedonistic act-utilitarianism. Prefer:~1~ The argument from supervenience is true and coherently explains the grounding for morality. Thus, the meta-ethic is moral naturalism.Lutz and Lenman 18. Lutz, Matthew and Lenman, James, "Moral Naturalism", The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (Fall 2018 Edition), Edward N. Zalta (ed.), URL = https://plato.stanford.edu/archives/fall2018/entries/naturalism-moral/. Massa Pleasure and pain are intrinsically valuable.Moen 16 ~Ole Martin Moen, Research Fellow in Philosophy at University of Oslo "An Argument for Hedonism" Journal of Value Inquiry (Springer), 50 (2) 2016: 267–281~ SJDI, brackets in original ~2~ Actor spec—governments must use util because they don't have intentions and are constantly dealing with tradeoffs—outweighs since different agents have different obligations—takes out calc indicts since they are empirically denied.~3~ Death is bad and outweighs – a~ agents can't act if they fear for their bodily security which constrains every ethical theory, b~ it destroys the subject itself – kills any ability to achieve value in ethics since life is a prerequisite which means it's a side constraint since we can't reach the end goal of ethics without life~4~ Extinction outweighsMacAskill 14 ~William, Oxford Philosopher and youngest tenured philosopher in the world, Normative Uncertainty, 2014~ It's fair,(A) the neg can choose to engage in the LARP debate and read their own extinction impacts(B) they can try and group answers to util with extinction, but I should have the phil ground to argue extinction is still relevant under other ethics.1AC - UV~1~ 1ar theory is legit because the neg can be infinitely abusive – it's the only way to check back and I can't check abuse in the 1AC~2~ Use comparative worlds –(A) topic ed – forces the neg to research the topic instead of low quality rez flaw args – the only benefit to debate is making us better arguers not perfect logicians,(B) reciprocity – truth-testing allows the neg to disprove any part of the aff, but the aff has to defend every part, which gives the neg too much ground,1AC – Method~1~ Youth participatory action research enables transformative resistance and is crucial to make activism workCammarota and Fine 08 ~2~ Offensive realism is true - Evolution proves our theory trueJohnson and Thayer 16 – Dominic D. P. Johnson, D.Phil., Ph.D.* and Bradley A. Thayer, Ph.D., "The evolution of offensive realism Survival under anarchy from the Pleistocene to the present," https://www.cambridge.org/core/services/aop-cambridge-core/content/view/56B778004187F70B8E59609BE7FEE7A4/S073093841600006Xa.pdf/div-class-title-the-evolution-of-offensive-realism-div.pdf | 10/16/21 |
SO - Pandemics v7Tournament: New York City Invitational Debate and Speech Tournament | Round: Octas | Opponent: West Des Moines Valley AM | Judge: Ben Cortez - Muhammad Khattak - Elise Matton 1AC – Adv – PandemicsOnly the plan can solve covid access – inequalities heighten the risk of mutations and uneven development.Kumar 21 ~Rajeesh; Associate Fellow at the Institute, currently working on a project titled "Emerging Powers and the Future of Global Governance: India and International Institutions." He has PhD in International Organization from Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi. Prior to joining MP-IDSA in 2016, he taught at JamiaMilliaIslamia, New Delhi (2010-11and 2015-16) and University of Calicut, Kerala (2007-08). His areas of research interest are International Organizations, India and Multilateralism, Global Governance, and International Humanitarian Law. He is the co-editor of two books;Eurozone Crisis and the Future of Europe: Political Economy of Further Integration and Governance (London: Palgrave Macmillan, 2014); and Islam, Islamist Movements and Democracy in the Middle East: Challenges, Opportunities and Responses (Delhi: Global Vision Publishing, 2013); "WTO TRIPS Waiver and COVID-19 Vaccine Equity," IDSA Issue Briefs; https://idsa.in/issuebrief/wto-trips-waiver-covid-vaccine-rkumar-120721~~ Justin Current vaccination rates aren't enough to meet targets – expansion of vaccine nationalism and imperialist exploitation.Jimenez 9/22 ~Darcy; 9/22/21; Healthcare Reporter; "Big pharma fuelling human rights crisis over Covid-19 vaccine inequity, says Amnesty," Pharmaceutical Technology, https://www.pharmaceutical-technology.com/features/big-pharma-human-rights-crisis-vaccine-covid-19-inequity-amnesty/~~ Justin Yes scale-up for COVID.—-AT: IP already waived That escalates security threats – extinction.—-AT: Cooperation Thesis COVID is a definitive determiner of conflict – negative statistics are short-term and don't evaluate long-term impacts of instability.ICG 20 ~International Crises Group; 3/24/2020; The International Crisis Group is an independent organisation working to prevent wars and shape policies that will build a more peaceful world. We sound the alarm to prevent deadly conflict. We build support for the good governance and inclusive politics that enable societies to flourish. We engage directly with a range of conflict actors to seek and share information, and to encourage intelligent action for peace; "COVID-19 and Conflict: Seven Trends to Watch," ICG, https://www.crisisgroup.org/global/sb4-covid-19-and-conflict-seven-trends-watch~~ Justin 1AC – PlanPlan text: The member nations of the World Trade Organization ought to reduce intellectual property protections for medicines relating to COVID-19 vaccines until vaccination and immunity goals are achieved.Enforcement through limited IP waivers solve – patent term extensions are normal means and solves innovation and scale-up.Young and Potts-Szeliga 21 ~Roberta; Counsel in Seyfarth's Litigation department and Intellectual Property and Patent Litigation practice groups in Los Angeles; Jamaica Potts-Szeliga; Partner in Seyfarth's Litigation department and Intellectual Property and Patent Litigation practice groups in Washington, DC. She also provides advice on FDA regulatory issues and is part of the firm's Health Care, Life Sciences, and Pharmaceuticals team; "A Third Option: Limited IP Waiver Could Solve Our Pandemic Vaccine Problems," IP Watch Dog; 7/21/21; https://www.ipwatchdog.com/2021/07/21/third-option-limited-ip-waiver-solve-pandemic-vaccine-problems/id=135732/~~ Justin 1AC - FrameworkThe standard is maximizing expected wellbeing. Prefer:~1~ The argument from supervenience is true and coherently explains the grounding for morality. Thus, the meta-ethic is moral naturalism.Lutz and Lenman 18. Lutz, Matthew and Lenman, James, "Moral Naturalism", The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (Fall 2018 Edition), Edward N. Zalta (ed.), URL = https://plato.stanford.edu/archives/fall2018/entries/naturalism-moral/. Massa Pleasure and pain are intrinsically valuable.Moen 16 ~Ole Martin Moen, Research Fellow in Philosophy at University of Oslo "An Argument for Hedonism" Journal of Value Inquiry (Springer), 50 (2) 2016: 267–281~ SJDI, brackets in original ~2~ Actor spec—governments must use util because they don't have intentions and are constantly dealing with tradeoffs—outweighs since different agents have different obligations—takes out calc indicts since they are empirically denied.~3~ Death outweighs—A~ Agents can't act if they fear for their bodily security—my framework constrains every NC and KB~ It's the worst form of evil:Paterson 3 – Department of Philosophy, Providence College, Rhode Island (Craig, "A Life Not Worth Living?", Studies in Christian Ethics. ~4~ Extinction outweighsMacAskill 14 ~William, Oxford Philosopher and youngest tenured philosopher in the world, Normative Uncertainty, 2014~ 1AC - UV~1~ 1ar theory is legit because the neg can be infinitely abusive – it's the only way to check back and I can't check abuse in the 1AC~2~ Use comparative worlds –(A) topic ed – forces the neg to research the topic instead of low quality rez flaw args – the only benefit to debate is making us better arguers not perfect logicians,(B) reciprocity – truth-testing allows the neg to disprove any part of the aff, but the aff has to defend every part, which gives the neg too much ground,(C) resolvability: CW allows for weighing like magnitude, probability, time frame ect. and it allows for meta-weighing under those standards which allows the judge to vote 1AC – Method~1~ The aff is at the heart of the global south's demands~a~ only governmental pressure creates the momentum necessary to fight profit motives and white nationalism.Hassan 21 ~Fatima; South African social justice activist and human rights lawyer. She worked on HIV/AIDS medicine access advocacy and litigation for many years with the AIDS Law Project and for the Treatment Action Campaign, clerked at the Constitutional Court of South Africa, served as special advisor to South Africa's former minister of health and public enterprises, and is the founder and current head of the Health Justice Initiative based in Cape Town; "Don't Let Drug Companies Create a System of Vaccine Apartheid," FP; 2/23/21; https://foreignpolicy.com/2021/02/23/dont-let-drug-companies-create-a-system-of-vaccine-apartheid/~~ Justin ~b~ The plan boosts south-south cooperation and removes TRIPSMenezes 21 Henrique Zeferino de Menezes (Senior Lecturer at the Department of International Relations at the Federal University of Paraiba, Brazil. He has a PhD in Political Science at the State University of Campinas, Brazil. His research focuses on international political economy, intellectual property rights, international cooperation, innovation and sustainable development.), "The TRIPS waiver proposal: an urgent measure to expand access to the COVID-19 vaccines," South Centre Research Paper 129, March 2021. https://www.southcentre.int/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/RP-129.pdf SJMS ~2~ Youth participatory action research enables transformative resistance and is crucial to make activism workCammarota and Fine 08 ~3~ Offensive realism is true - Evolution proves our theory trueJohnson and Thayer 16 – Dominic D. P. Johnson, D.Phil., Ph.D.* and Bradley A. Thayer, Ph.D., "The evolution of offensive realism Survival under anarchy from the Pleistocene to the present," https://www.cambridge.org/core/services/aop-cambridge-core/content/view/56B778004187F70B8E59609BE7FEE7A4/S073093841600006Xa.pdf/div-class-title-the-evolution-of-offensive-realism-div.pdf ~4~ Apocalyptic images challenge dominant power structures to create futures of social justiceJessica Hurley 17, Assistant Professor in the Humanities at the University of Chicago, "Impossible Futures: Fictions of Risk in the Longue Durée", Duke University Press, https://read.dukeupress.edu/american-literature/article/89/4/761/132823/Impossible-Futures-Fictions-of-Risk-in-the-Longue ~6~ Ontological theories of blackness presumes a closed system which is an inaccurate description of contingent social systemsGordon 15 —- Lewis, Afro-Jewish philosopher, political thinker, educator, and musician, Professor at the University of Connecticut in Philosophy and Africana Studies, European Union Visiting Chair in Philosophy; Nelson Mandela Visiting Professor of Politics and International Studies at Rhodes University, South Africa; and Chairman of the Frantz Fanon awards committees of the Caribbean Philosophical Association, transcribed from https://youtu.be/UABksVE5BTQ, presenting and discussing his book "What Fanon Said" ~ | 10/21/21 |
SO - Ripstein v1Tournament: Loyola Invitational | Round: 3 | Opponent: Harvard-Westlake IC | Judge: Tej Gedela | 9/5/21 |
SO - Ripstein v2Tournament: Grapevine Classic | Round: 2 | Opponent: Southlake Carroll EP | Judge: Sreyaash Das | 9/11/21 |
SO - Ripstein v3Tournament: Grapevine Classic | Round: 5 | Opponent: Catonsville AT | Judge: Favian Sun | 9/11/21 |
SO - Ripstein v4Tournament: Yale University Invitational 2021 | Round: 2 | Opponent: Bronx Science NK | Judge: Rohit Lakshman | 9/18/21 |
SO - Ripstein v5Tournament: Yale University Invitational 2021 | Round: 5 | Opponent: Byram Hills EW | Judge: Anand Rao | 9/18/21 |
SO - Ripstein v6Tournament: Yale University Invitational 2021 | Round: Triples | Opponent: Byram Hills SH | Judge: Ananya Natchukuri Mark Kivimaki Jacob Nails | 9/20/21 |
SO - Ripstein v7Tournament: New York City Invitational Debate and Speech Tournament | Round: 5 | Opponent: Unionville PW | Judge: Saianurag Karavadi | 10/16/21 |
SO- Ripstein v7Tournament: Mid America Cup | Round: 1 | Opponent: Carnegie Vanguard Siddhartha Rana | Judge: Breigh Plat | 9/25/21 |
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