Strake Jesuit Shah Neg
| Tournament | Round | Opponent | Judge | Cites | Round Report | Open Source | Edit/Delete |
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| Blue Key | 2 | King AT | Wang-Choi, Jeong |
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| Blue Key | 3 | Lexington JB | Datel, Amadea |
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| Blue Key | 6 | American Heritage NR | Das, Sreyaash |
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| Blue Key | Finals | Lexington BF | Panel |
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| Churchill | 2 | Cypress Woods CT | Okunlola, Nelson |
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| Churchill | 3 | McNeil ARc | Fox, Patrick |
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| Churchill | 6 | Westlake AC | Bukowsky, Holden |
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| Glenbrooks | 1 | Harvard Westlake LD | Barquin, Joseph |
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| Glenbrooks | 4 | DTHS HV | Bukowsky, Holden |
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| Glenbrooks | 6 | Peninsula CS | Chaudhary, Vishan |
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| Grapevine | 1 | Westlake NB | Voudris, Stephan |
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| Grapevine | 3 | Cypress Woods AZ | Sun, Favian |
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| Grapevine | 5 | St Agnes EH | Quissenberry, Jack |
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| Grapevine | Octas | Plano East JN | Panel |
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| Greenhill | 1 | Little Rock MG | Lea, Gabrielle |
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| Greenhill | 4 | DTHS HV | Karavadi, Sai |
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| Greenhill | 6 | Immaculate Heart BC | McLoughlin, Sam |
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| Hello | 4 | Hello | Hello |
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| Hello | 3 | Hello | Hello |
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| Longhorn Classic | 2 | Westlake AK | Yoakum, Anastasia |
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| Longhorn Classic | 4 | Westwood AC | Bukowsky, Holden |
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| Longhorn Classic | 6 | San Mateo YR | Chao, Isaac |
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| Loyola | 6 | Immaculate Heart JL | Gedela, Tej |
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| Loyola | Doubles | Harrison AA | Panel |
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| Loyola | 3 | Millard North YL | Bukowsky, Holden |
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| Loyola | 2 | Eden Prairie AG | Sinha, Abhinav |
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| St Marks | 1 | Wenatchee JK | Bukowsky, Holden |
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| St Marks | 3 | Aragon ZA | Dossani, Faizzan |
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| St Marks | 5 | Harker AS | Krauss, Gordon |
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| Valley | 1 | American Heritage EM | terrible |
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| Valley | 6 | Prospect ST | Lakshman, Rohit |
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| Valley | Doubles | Princeton DR | Panel |
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| Valley | Quarters | Mission San Jose SS | Panel |
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| Valley RR | 3 | Lexington BF | Panel |
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| Valley RR | Finals | Murphy AW | panel |
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| Valley RR | Semis | American Heritage EM | Panel |
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| Valley Round Robin | 2 | Sequoia AS | Panel |
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| Tournament | Round | Report |
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| Blue Key | 2 | Opponent: King AT | Judge: Wang-Choi, Jeong 1AC- Kant Tricks |
| Blue Key | 3 | Opponent: Lexington JB | Judge: Datel, Amadea 1AC- Kant AFC Util Adv |
| Blue Key | 6 | Opponent: American Heritage NR | Judge: Das, Sreyaash 1AC- Kant |
| Blue Key | Finals | Opponent: Lexington BF | Judge: Panel 1AC- Stock |
| Churchill | 2 | Opponent: Cypress Woods CT | Judge: Okunlola, Nelson 1AC- Bataille |
| Churchill | 3 | Opponent: McNeil ARc | Judge: Fox, Patrick 1AC- Asteroid Mining |
| Churchill | 6 | Opponent: Westlake AC | Judge: Bukowsky, Holden 1AC- Hauntology |
| Glenbrooks | 1 | Opponent: Harvard Westlake LD | Judge: Barquin, Joseph 1AC- US Inequality |
| Glenbrooks | 4 | Opponent: DTHS HV | Judge: Bukowsky, Holden 1AC- Berardi |
| Glenbrooks | 6 | Opponent: Peninsula CS | Judge: Chaudhary, Vishan 1AC- Hungary |
| Grapevine | 1 | Opponent: Westlake NB | Judge: Voudris, Stephan 1AC- Vaccines |
| Grapevine | 3 | Opponent: Cypress Woods AZ | Judge: Sun, Favian 1AC- Pandemics |
| Grapevine | 5 | Opponent: St Agnes EH | Judge: Quissenberry, Jack 1AC- Stock |
| Grapevine | Octas | Opponent: Plano East JN | Judge: Panel 1AC- Evergreening |
| Greenhill | 1 | Opponent: Little Rock MG | Judge: Lea, Gabrielle 1AC- Logistics |
| Greenhill | 4 | Opponent: DTHS HV | Judge: Karavadi, Sai 1AC- Cybernetics |
| Greenhill | 6 | Opponent: Immaculate Heart BC | Judge: McLoughlin, Sam 1AC- CRISPR |
| Hello | 4 | Opponent: Hello | Judge: Hello Navigation |
| Hello | 3 | Opponent: Hello | Judge: Hello Contact Info |
| Longhorn Classic | 2 | Opponent: Westlake AK | Judge: Yoakum, Anastasia 1AC- Crip Failure |
| Longhorn Classic | 4 | Opponent: Westwood AC | Judge: Bukowsky, Holden 1AC- Pettit |
| Longhorn Classic | 6 | Opponent: San Mateo YR | Judge: Chao, Isaac 1AC- china |
| Loyola | 6 | Opponent: Immaculate Heart JL | Judge: Gedela, Tej 1AC- CRISPR |
| Loyola | Doubles | Opponent: Harrison AA | Judge: Panel 1AC- Insulin AC |
| Loyola | 3 | Opponent: Millard North YL | Judge: Bukowsky, Holden 1AC- Chinese Robotocism |
| Loyola | 2 | Opponent: Eden Prairie AG | Judge: Sinha, Abhinav 1AC- Virtue Ethics |
| St Marks | 1 | Opponent: Wenatchee JK | Judge: Bukowsky, Holden 1AC- Syntehtic Biology |
| St Marks | 3 | Opponent: Aragon ZA | Judge: Dossani, Faizzan 1AC- Evergreening |
| St Marks | 5 | Opponent: Harker AS | Judge: Krauss, Gordon 1AC- Disease |
| Valley | 1 | Opponent: American Heritage EM | Judge: terrible 1AC- Virtue |
| Valley | 6 | Opponent: Prospect ST | Judge: Lakshman, Rohit 1AC- |
| Valley | Doubles | Opponent: Princeton DR | Judge: Panel 1AC- Evergreening |
| Valley | Quarters | Opponent: Mission San Jose SS | Judge: Panel 1AC- Covid |
| Valley RR | 3 | Opponent: Lexington BF | Judge: Panel 1AC- Covid |
| Valley RR | Finals | Opponent: Murphy AW | Judge: panel 1AC- evergreening |
| Valley RR | Semis | Opponent: American Heritage EM | Judge: Panel 1AC- Virtue |
| Valley Round Robin | 2 | Opponent: Sequoia AS | Judge: Panel 1AC- Biocolonialism |
To modify or delete round reports, edit the associated round.
Cites
| Entry | Date |
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0- Contact InfoTournament: Hello | Round: 3 | Opponent: Hello | Judge: Hello Contact Info: Facebook Messenger- Karan Shah Messenger and Text are the best bets If there is any way you would like me to accommodate your needs in any way before and during the round, just contact me! I'm happy to do so. Please tell me if there are any specific interps you would like me to meet before round (spikes on top, rob spec, etc.) Feel free to hmu if my wiki is acting up and there are some docs you can't access - I'll send them to you directly. Let me know any trigger warnings or pronouns before the round so we can make the debate as comfortable as possible for both of us. Good luck! | 10/30/21 |
0- NavigationTournament: Hello | Round: 4 | Opponent: Hello | Judge: Hello | 9/4/21 |
1-Broken Disclosure InterpsTournament: Loyola | Round: 2 | Opponent: Eden Prairie AG | Judge: Sinha, Abhinav Interp: Debaters must disclose round reports on the 2021-22 NDCA LD wiki for every round they have debated this season. Round reports disclose which positions (AC, NC, K, T, Theory, etc.) were read/gone for in every speech. | 12/4/21 |
1-Combo Shell v1Tournament: Grapevine | Round: Octas | Opponent: Plano East JN | Judge: Panel 2Interpretation: The affirmative may not claim 1AR theory is legit, its DTD, CI, no RVIs, and the highest layer of the roundViolation: UVInfinite Abuse - their norm justifies the affirmative auto winning every round since they can read 500 risk free 1AR shells with DTD and competing interps making it impossible for me to deflate or answer all of them. I can’t uplayer because it’s the highest layer of the round. Answering the argument doesn’t solve because you can read infinite of these paradigm issues in the 1ac making it impossible.Norming o/w: A~ It’s the constitutive purpose of theory debating B~ it’s a pre-requisite to actualizing any other voter like fairness or education | 9/12/21 |
1-Evidence Ethics vs Prospect STTournament: Valley | Round: 6 | Opponent: Prospect ST | Judge: Lakshman, Rohit 1Interpretation: Debaters must not end cards in the middle of a paragraph.Violation –the highlighted part is what they left out – Standard is academic ethics – ending the card in the middle of a paragraph is a voter –– misrepresents authors intent because paragraphs are how authors delineate arguments. Also allows debaters to manipulate evidence and strategically leave out what contradicts with their arguments – putting rest of the uncut paragraph in the doc solves all your offense unless your intent was to cheat which is even worse. Academic ethics is a voter and ow a) what we gain from debate means nothing if we’re academically dishonest and have no cred, b) the purpose of debate is to prepare debaters for the real world, and academic dishonesty is punished irl c) if they’re willing to be manipulate their evidence, be epistemically suspect of all of it d) turns case – its virtuous for you to concede after reading bad evidenceNo RVI’s on ev ethics violations – you don’t win for proving that you were academically honest and that’s ridiculous. Saying "we meet" checks abuse. RVI’s bad, they deter from checking actual abuse and justify 100 apriori non inherent affs.Drop the debater: it’s academic misconduct that should disqualify any other argument they make from counting. Doing good on a test doesn’t matter if you cheated. That’s a side constraint on their fairness offense so even if they win a spike the shell outweighs.The 1AR will make appeals to reasonability or intention – reject them:1~ All our violations prove the aff is unreasonable and you should not believe any of their appeals.2~ Intent is irrelevant – we should be held accountable for the consequences of our actions. If they didn’t cut it it’s more egregious – they stole miscut cards from someone and clearly didn’t bother to check.3~ It makes reading unethical ev no cost – if they’re caught, they can go for other things, if they’re not caught they get to win on no cost ev4~ Reject the team for deterrence – letting them win encourages the practice5~ Competing interps – reasonability’s arbitrary and collapses to an offense defense paradigm6~ Yes it’s against tournament procedures which outweighs on jurisdiction:Valley:They use NSDA rules:
NSDA says its against the rules and you should stop the round.
NSDA link if you want to verify–~Again dependent – go here to find — https://www.speechanddebate.org/wp-content/uploads/Debate-Evidence-Guide.pdf~~ | 9/26/21 |
1-Indexicals BadTournament: Blue Key | Round: 6 | Opponent: American Heritage NR | Judge: Das, Sreyaash 1Interp: The affirmative debater may not claim that each subject’s ethicality arises from their own affective relations indexed to themselves. To clarify, indexicals is bad.Violation – their framework says that in impact calc 2Negate:~1~ infinite abuse – there are infinite potential indexes that could affirm including descriptive standards that are impossible to turn and allowing them to win if they affirm under any index makes it impossible to negate –strongest internal link to fairness since one side wins every round.~2~ accessibility – indexicals justifies horrible things, i.e. if the resolution was "slavery ought to be reinstated," under a certain index, that would affirm such as "consistency with reinstating slavery," which means they can justify literally any reprehensible action. That’s an independent voter since they make debate unsafe and accessibility is a prior question to being able to debate. It’s also false – a~ generation an obligation requires an absolute obligation that justifies following it b~ we can have indexes that negate which nonuniques their offense since you need to prove it 100 true.Fairness – debate is a competitive activity that requires fairness for objective evaluation.Drop the debater – a~ deter future abuse and b~ set better norms for debate.CA- CI from the affNo RVIs –a~ illogical, you don’t win for proving that you meet the burden of being fair, logic outweighs since it’s a prerequisite for evaluating any other argument,b~ norming – I can’t concede the counterinterp if I realize I’m wrong which forces me to argue for bad norms,c~ baiting – incentivizes good debaters to be abusive, bait theory, then collapse to the 1AR RVI,d~ topic ed – prevents 1AR blipstorm scripts and allows us to get back to substance after resolving theory.E~ flex overcompensates on the RVI since there’s no brightline to how much is enough – 1AR theory solves rather than an RVIF~ aff has unique routes like condo – also didn’t read T. | 10/30/21 |
1-JF-Must Spec Outer SpaceTournament: Churchill | Round: 3 | Opponent: McNeil ARc | Judge: Fox, Patrick 1Interp: The affirmative must define "outer space" in a delimited text in the 1AC."Outer Space" is flexible and has too many interps – normal means shows no consensusLeepuengtham 17 ~Tosaporn Leepuengtham (Research Judge, Intellectual Property and International Trade Division, Supreme Court of Thailand). "International space law and its implications for outer space activities." 01-27-2017, Accessed 12-9-2021. https://www.elgaronline.com/view/9781785369612/06'chapter1.xhtml duongie AND of space technology, this problem is worth considering now rather than later. Violation – you don’t.Prefer –1~ Stable Advocacy – they can redefine in the 1AR to wriggle out of DA’s which kills high-quality engagement and becomes two ships passing in the night –We lose access to Tech Race DA’s, Asteroid DA’s, basic case turns, and core process counter plans that have different definitions and 1NC pre-round prep.2~ Real World – Policy makers will always define the space that they are regulating. It also means zero solvency, absent spec, private entities can circumvent since there is no delineated way to enforce the aff and means their solvency can’t actualize.Fairness is a voter debate is a competitive activity that requires objective evaluationTopicality is a voting issue that should be evaluated through competing interpretations a~ it tells the negative what they do and do not have to prepare for b~ reasonability is arbitrary and incentivizes judge interventionNo RVIs—a~ it’s your burden to be topical. Anything else chills real abuse b~ forces theory debaters to bait theory and win on it every time | 1/13/22 |
1-Misdisclosure vs San Mateo YRTournament: Longhorn Classic | Round: 6 | Opponent: San Mateo YR | Judge: Chao, Isaac 2Interpretation: Debaters may not add changes to the aff after they have disclosed the aff and the sppecific version of what it will beViolation: you said v3 which doesn’t have a FW but you added one this round Prep skew – forces me to waste prep time to prep an aff that isnt the same. That incentivizes lying as a strategic tool which makes preparation impossible. Disclosing way before 30 min solves all your offense – if you needed more time then you should’ve waited – means no risk of shiftiness. Lying is an independent voter – mutual understanding is the basis for all norms of behavior in debate | 12/5/21 |
1-ND-T-ATournament: Glenbrooks | Round: 1 | Opponent: Harvard Westlake LD | Judge: Barquin, Joseph 1Interpretation: The affirmative may not specify a just government in which a right to strike ought to be recognized"A" is an indefinite article that modifies "just governmnt" in the res – means that you have to prove the resolution true in a VACCUM, not in a particular instanceCCC ("Articles, Determiners, and Quantifiers", http://grammar.ccc.commnet.edu/grammar/determiners/determiners.htm~~#articles, Capital Community College Foundation, a nonprofit 501 c-3 organization that supports scholarships, faculty development, and curriculum innovation) LHSLA JC/SJ AND the former (see beagle sentence) refers to all members of that class Violation: they spec ~x~Standards:~1~ precision – the counter-interp justifies them arbitrarily doing away with random words in the resolution which decks negative ground and preparation because the aff is no longer bounded by the resolution. Independent voter for jurisdiction – the judge doesn’t have the jurisdiction to vote aff if there wasn’t a legitimate aff.~2~ limits – the UN says there are 195 national governments but even that’s not an agreed upon brightline – explodes limits since there are tons of independent affs plus functionally infinite combinations, all with different advantages in different political situations. Kills neg prep and debatability since there are no DAs that apply to every aff – i.e. factors that affect labor shortages or unions in the US are different than in China – means the aff is always more prepared and wins just for speccing.~3~ tva – just read your aff as an advantage under a whole res advocacy, solves all ur offense- Potential abuse doesn’t permit 1AC abuse – allows you to be infinitely abusive in the 1AC-– if the neg doesn’t have specific prep, they’ll resort to cheaty word PICs which are net worseFairness – debate is a competitive activity that requires fairness for objective evaluation. Outweighs because it’s the only intrinsic part of debate – all other rules can be debated over but rely on some conception of fairness to be justified.Drop the debater – a~ deter future abuse and b~ set better norms for debate.Competing interps – ~a~ reasonability is arbitrary and encourages judge intervention since there’s no clear norm, ~b~ it creates a race to the top where we create the best possible norms for debate.No RVIs – a~ illogical, you don’t win for proving that you meet the burden of being fair, logic outweighs since it’s a prerequisite for evaluating any other argument, b~ RVIs incentivize baiting theory and prepping it out which leads to maximally abusive practices | 11/20/21 |
1-ND-T-A v2Tournament: Glenbrooks | Round: 6 | Opponent: Peninsula CS | Judge: Chaudhary, Vishan 1Interpretation: The affirmative may not specify a just government in which a right to strike ought to be recognized"A" is an indefinite article that modifies "just governmnt" in the res – means that you have to prove the resolution true in a VACCUM, not in a particular instanceCCC ("Articles, Determiners, and Quantifiers", http://grammar.ccc.commnet.edu/grammar/determiners/determiners.htm~~#articles, Capital Community College Foundation, a nonprofit 501 c-3 organization that supports scholarships, faculty development, and curriculum innovation) LHSLA JC/SJ AND the former (see beagle sentence) refers to all members of that class Violation: they spec ~Hungary~Standards:~1~ precision – the counter-interp justifies them arbitrarily doing away with random words in the resolution which decks negative ground and preparation because the aff is no longer bounded by the resolution. Independent voter for jurisdiction – the judge doesn’t have the jurisdiction to vote aff if there wasn’t a legitimate aff.~2~ limits – the UN says there are 195 national governments but even that’s not an agreed upon brightline – explodes limits since there are tons of independent affs plus functionally infinite combinations, all with different advantages in different political situations. Kills neg prep and debatability since there are no DAs that apply to every aff – i.e. factors that affect labor shortages or unions in the US are different than in China – means the aff is always more prepared and wins just for speccing. There’s been China, Hungary, EU, Kazakhstan, US, India, Egypt and this is the first major tournament of the topic.~3~ tva – just read your aff as an advantage under a whole res advocacy, solves all ur offense- Potential abuse doesn’t permit 1AC abuse – allows you to be infinitely abusive in the 1AC-– if the neg doesn’t have specific prep, they’ll resort to cheaty word PICs which are net worseFairness – debate is a competitive activity that requires fairness for objective evaluation. Outweighs because it’s the only intrinsic part of debate – all other rules can be debated over but rely on some conception of fairness to be justified.Drop the debater – a~ deter future abuse and b~ set better norms for debate.Competing interps – ~a~ reasonability is arbitrary and encourages judge intervention since there’s no clear norm, ~b~ it creates a race to the top where we create the best possible norms for debate.No RVIs – a~ illogical, you don’t win for proving that you meet the burden of being fair, logic outweighs since it’s a prerequisite for evaluating any other argument, b~ RVIs incentivize baiting theory and prepping it out which leads to maximally abusive practices | 11/21/21 |
1-ND-T-A v3Tournament: Longhorn Classic | Round: 6 | Opponent: San Mateo YR | Judge: Chao, Isaac 1Interpretation: The affirmative may not specify a just government in which a right to strike ought to be recognized"A" is an indefinite article that modifies "just governmnt" in the res – means that you have to prove the resolution true in a VACCUM, not in a particular instanceCCC ("Articles, Determiners, and Quantifiers", http://grammar.ccc.commnet.edu/grammar/determiners/determiners.htm~~#articles, Capital Community College Foundation, a nonprofit 501 c-3 organization that supports scholarships, faculty development, and curriculum innovation) LHSLA JC/SJ AND the former (see beagle sentence) refers to all members of that class Violation: they spec ~x~Standards:~1~ precision – the counter-interp justifies them arbitrarily doing away with random words in the resolution which decks negative ground and preparation because the aff is no longer bounded by the resolution. Independent voter for jurisdiction – the judge doesn’t have the jurisdiction to vote aff if there wasn’t a legitimate aff.~2~ limits – the UN says there are 195 national governments but even that’s not an agreed upon brightline – explodes limits since there are tons of independent affs plus functionally infinite combinations, all with different advantages in different political situations. Kills neg prep and debatability since there are no DAs that apply to every aff – i.e. factors that affect labor shortages or unions in the US are different than in China – means the aff is always more prepared and wins just for speccing. There’s been China, Hungary, EU, Kazakhstan, US, India, UK, Egypt, Germany, Brazil, etc.~3~ tva – just read your aff as an advantage under a whole res advocacy, solves all ur offense- Potential abuse doesn’t permit 1AC abuse – allows you to be infinitely abusive in the 1AC-– if the neg doesn’t have specific prep, they’ll resort to cheaty word PICs which are net worseFairness – debate is a competitive activity that requires fairness for objective evaluation. Outweighs because it’s the only intrinsic part of debate – all other rules can be debated over but rely on some conception of fairness to be justified.Drop the debater – a~ deter future abuse and b~ set better norms for debate.Competing interps – ~a~ reasonability is arbitrary and encourages judge intervention since there’s no clear norm, ~b~ it creates a race to the top where we create the best possible norms for debate.No RVIs – A - Forcing the 1NC to go all in on the shell kills substance education and neg strat which outweighs on timeframe, B - discourages checking real abuse which outweighs on norm-setting and constituvisim C - Encourages baiting – outweighs because if the shell is frivolous, they can beat it quickly D – its illogical for you to win for proving you were fair – outweighs since logic is a litmus test for other arguments1NC theory first - 1~ Abuse was self-inflicted- They started the chain of abuse and forced me down this strategy 2~ Norming- We have more speeches to norm over whether it’s a good idea 3~ It was introduced first so it comes lexically prior.Reasonability on 1AR shells – 1AR theory is very aff-biased because the 2AR gets to line-by-line every 2NR standard with new answers that never get responded to– reasonability checks 2AR sandbagging by preventing really abusive 1NCs.DTA on 1AR shells - They can blow up a blippy 20 second shell to 3 min of the 2AR while I have to split my time and can’t preempt 2AR spinNo new theory paradigm issues in 1ar A~ the 1NC has already occurred with current paradigm issues in mind so new 1ar paradigms moot any theoretical offense B~ introducing them in the aff allows for them to be more rigorously tested which o/w’s on time frame since we can set higher quality norms. | 12/5/21 |
1-SO-Must Spec EnforcementTournament: Greenhill | Round: 4 | Opponent: DTHS HV | Judge: Karavadi, Sai 1Interpretation: affirmative debaters must delineate their enforcement mechanism by which they reduce in the 1AC.There is no normal means since terms are negotiated contextually among member states. AND , for example, influence a country’s policy by threatening to withhold credit. Negate: 1~ Shiftiness- they can redefine what measure of reduction the 1ac defends in the 1ar which decks strategy and allows them to wriggle out of negative positions which strips the neg of specific politics DAs, process CPs, innovation DAs and case answers. They will always win on specificity weighing. CX can’t resolve this and is bad because A~ Not flowed B~ Skews 6 min of prep C~ They can lie and no way to check D~ Debaters can be shady. 2~ Real World- policy makers will always specify what the object of change is. That outweighs since debate has no value without portable application. It also means zero solvency since the WTO, absent spec, can circumvent aff’s policy since they can say they didn’t know how to enforce it. This spec shell isn’t regressive- it literally determines how the affirmative implements and who it affects Fairness is an impact – 1~ probability – your ballot can’t solve their impacts but it can solve mine – debate can’t alter subjectivity, but can rectify skews in this round 2~ internal link turns every impact – a limited topic promotes in-depth research and engagement which is necessary to access all of their education 3~ comes before substance – deciding any other argument in this debate cannot be disentangled from our inability to prepare for it – any argument you think they’re winning is a link, not a reason to vote for them, since it’s just as likely that they’re winning it because we weren’t able to effectively prepare to defeat it. This means they don’t get to weigh the aff and proves you should be epistemically suspect of their truth claims. No impact turns or RVIs ~1~ Perfcon – if T’s bad and you vote for them on that arg, you’re voting on T. ~2~ Substance – if T’s bad then we should try debating on substance – impact turns force me to go for T since I need to defend my position. Theory is competing interps – a) reasonability is arbitrary and so is any brightline they set, b) norming – competing interps causes a race to the top where we find the best possible norm for debate instead of setting a brightline and testing how abusive we can be without violating. Drop the debater on T – a) indicts the aff advocacy so drop the argument would be dropping the aff anyways, b) deter future abuse and set good norms. | 9/19/21 |
1-SO-Must Spec IPTournament: Loyola | Round: 2 | Opponent: Eden Prairie AG | Judge: Sinha, Abhinav 1Interpretation: affirmative debaters must delineate what intellectual property they reduce in the 1AC.Four types of IP that are vastly different.Ackerman 17 ~Peter; Founder and CEO, Innovation Asset Group, Inc; "The 4 Main Types of Intellectual Property and Related Costs," Decipher; 1/6/17; https://www.innovation-asset.com/blog/the-4-main-types-of-intellectual-property-and-related-costs~~ Justin AND weigh the competitive significance of your secrets against the cost of protecting them. Violation:Negate:1~ Shiftiness- they can redefine what intellectual properties the 1ac defends in the 1ar which decks strategy and allows them to wriggle out of negative positions which strips the neg of specific IP DAs, IP PICs, and case answers. They will always win on specificity weighing.CX can’t resolve this and is bad because A~ Not flowed B~ Skews 6 min of prep C~ They can lie and no way to check D~ Debaters can be shady.2~ Real World- policy makers will always specify what the object of change is. That outweighs since debate has no value without portable application. It also means zero solvency since the WTO, absent spec, can circumvent aff’s policy since they can say they didn’t know what was affected.This spec shell isn’t regressive- it literally determines what the affirmative implements and who it affects | 12/4/21 |
1-SO-T-MedicinesTournament: Loyola | Round: 6 | Opponent: Immaculate Heart JL | Judge: Gedela, Tej 1Interpretation: "medicines" is a generic bare plural. The aff may not defend that member nations of the World Trade Organization ought to reduce intellectual property protections for a medicine or subset of medicines.Nebel 19. ~Jake Nebel is an assistant professor of philosophy at the University of Southern California and executive director of Victory Briefs. He writes a lot of this stuff lol – duh.~ "Genericity on the Standardized Tests Resolution." Vbriefly. August 12, 2019. https://www.vbriefly.com/2019/08/12/genericity-on-the-standardized-tests-resolution/?fbclid=IwAR0hUkKdDzHWrNeqEVI7m59pwsnmqLl490n4uRLQTe7bWmWDO'avWCNzi14 TG AND "colleges and universities" is generic rather than existential in the resolution. Violation: They spec genomic medicinesStandards:~1~ precision – the counter-interp justifies them arbitrarily doing away with random words in the resolution which decks negative ground and preparation because the aff is no longer bounded by the resolution. Independent voter for jurisdiction – the judge doesn’t have the jurisdiction to vote aff if there wasn’t a legitimate aff.~2~ Limits and ground – their model allows affs to defend anything from Covid vaccines to HIV drugs to Insulin— there's no universal DA since each has different functions and political implications — that explodes neg prep and leads to random medicine of the week affs which makes cutting stable neg links impossible — limits key to reciprocal engagement since they create a caselist for neg prep and it takes out ground like DAs to certain medicines which are some of the few neg generics when affs spec medicines.~3~ TVA solves – you could’ve read your plan as an advantage under a whole res advocacy. | 9/5/21 |
1-SO-T-ReduceTournament: Grapevine | Round: 3 | Opponent: Cypress Woods AZ | Judge: Sun, Favian 1Interpretation: Reduce means unconditional and permanent – the aff is a suspension.Reynolds 59 – Judge (In the Matter of Doris A. Montesani, Petitioner, v. Arthur Levitt, as Comptroller of the State of New York, et al., Respondents ~NO NUMBER IN ORIGINAL~ Supreme Court of New York, Appellate Division, Third Department 9 A.D.2d 51; 189 N.Y.S.2d 695; 1959 N.Y. App. Div. LEXIS 7391 August 13, 1959, lexis) AND or degrade. The word "reduce" seems adequately to indicate permanency. Violation: During pandemicsVote neg:1~ Limits and ground– their model allows affs to defend anything from pandemics to Biden’s presidency— there's no universal DA since it’s impossible to know the timeframe when there won’t be IP— that explodes neg prep and leads to random timeframe of the week affs which makes cutting stable neg links impossible — limits key to reciprocal engagement since they create a caselist for neg prep (innovation, collaboration, econ, ptx: all core neg literature thrown away)2~ Precision o/w – anything else justifies the aff arbitrarily jettisoning words in the resolution at their whim which decks negative ground and preparation because the aff is no longer bounded by the resolution.3~ TVA – defend the advantage to a whole rez timeframe. We don’t prevent new FWs, mechanisms, or advantages. PICs don’t solve – our model allows you to specify countries and medicines.Fairness – debate is a competitive activity that requires fairness for objective evaluation. Outweighs because it’s the only intrinsic part of debate – all other rules can be debated over but rely on some conception of fairness to be justified.Drop the debater – a~ deter future abuse and b~ set better norms for debate.Competing interps – ~a~ reasonability is arbitrary and encourages judge intervention since there’s no clear norm, ~b~ it creates a race to the top where we create the best possible norms for debate.No RVIs – a~ illogical, you don’t win for proving that you meet the burden of being fair, logic outweighs since it’s a prerequisite for evaluating any other argument, b~ RVIs incentivize baiting theory and prepping it out which leads to maximally abusive practices | 9/11/21 |
1-SO-T-Reduce v2Tournament: Grapevine | Round: Octas | Opponent: Plano East JN | Judge: Panel 1Interpetation: Precluding a future increase is not a reductionMelinda Harmon 12, Judge, United States District Court for the Southern District of Texas, Houston Division, 3/6/12, Zieche v. Burlington Res., Inc., 2012 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 30134, p. lexis AND Zieche has introduced ~*13~ no evidence to convince the Court otherwise. Violation: they preclude patent extensions1~ Limits and ground—they allow the aff to monopolize prep by precluding a future increase anytime from now allowing affs to no link from uniqueness scenarios, delay CPs, etc which kills engageability—leads to unpredictable affs that skew the debate away from whether IP is good/bad to when a reduction should occur.2~ TVA – defend the advantage to a whole rez timeframe. We don’t prevent new FWs, mechanisms, or advantages. PICs don’t solve – our model allows you to specify countries and medicines.Fairness – debate is a competitive activity that requires fairness for objective evaluation. Outweighs because it’s the only intrinsic part of debate – all other rules can be debated over but rely on some conception of fairness to be justified.1NC theory is DTD – a) T indicts the whole aff so DTA is DTD b) abuse is supercharged with the 7-6 rebutal time skew c) deters future abuseCompeting interps – ~a~ reasonability is arbitrary and encourages judge intervention since there’s no clear norm, ~b~ it creates a race to the top where we create the best possible norms for debate.No RVIs – a~ illogical, you don’t win for proving that you meet the burden of being fair, logic outweighs since it’s a prerequisite for evaluating any other argument, b~ RVIs incentivize baiting theory and prepping it out which leads to maximally abusive practices c~ Forcing the 1NC to go all in on the shell kills substance education and neg strat which outweighs on urgency | 9/12/21 |
1-SO-T-Reduce v3Tournament: Valley | Round: Doubles | Opponent: Princeton DR | Judge: Panel 1Interpetation: Precluding a future increase is not a reductionMelinda Harmon 12, Judge, United States District Court for the Southern District of Texas, Houston Division, 3/6/12, Zieche v. Burlington Res., Inc., 2012 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 30134, p. lexis AND Zieche has introduced ~*13~ no evidence to convince the Court otherwise. Violation: they preclude patent extensions1~ Limits and ground—they allow the aff to monopolize prep by precluding a future increase anytime from now allowing affs to no link from uniqueness scenarios, delay CPs, etc which kills engageability—leads to unpredictable affs that skew the debate away from whether IP is good/bad to when a reduction should occur.2~ TVA – defend the advantage to a whole rez reduction. We don’t prevent new FWs, mechanisms, or advantages. PICs don’t solve – our model allows you to specify countries and medicines. Potential abuse doesn’t justify actual abuse. No prep leads to cheaty pics like word PIKS and delay CPs which are net worse3~ Precision o/w – anything else justifies the aff arbitrarily jettisoning words in the resolution at their whim which decks negative preparation because the aff isn’t bound by the resolution.Fairness – debate is a competitive activity that requires fairness for objective evaluation.1NC theory is DTD – a) T indicts the whole aff so DTA is DTD b) abuse is supercharged with the 7-6 rebutal time skewCompeting interps – ~a~ reasonability is arbitrary and encourages judge intervention since there’s no clear norm, ~b~ it creates a race to the top where we create the best possible norms for debate.No RVIs – a~ illogical, you don’t win for proving that you meet the burden of being fair, logic outweighs since it’s a prerequisite for evaluating any other argument, b~ RVIs incentivize baiting theory and prepping it out which leads to maximally abusive practices c~ Forcing the 1NC to go all in on the shell kills substance education and neg strat which outweighs on urgency | 9/27/21 |
1-TFW vs Berardi SoulsTournament: Glenbrooks | Round: 4 | Opponent: DTHS HV | Judge: Bukowsky, Holden 1Interpretation and Violation: The affirmative must defend the desirability of the hypothetical implementation of a just government recognizing an unconditional worker’s right to strike. This doesn’t entail a specific method of engaging in the topic, just that the affirmative must derive offense from a legal recognition of it. They don’t.Resolved requires policy actionLouisiana State Legislature (https://www.legis.la.gov/legis/Glossary.aspx) Ngong AND Senate Rules 10.9, 13.5 and 15.1) Vote Neg –Limits – aff gets to choose literally anything they want, which justifies infinite variations of affirmatives that are impossible for the neg to prep against, ensuring they’ll always be ahead and use competition standards like perms to erase neg ground. Key to fairness since we need to predict arguments to be able to make viable responses. Additionally, cutting negs to every possible aff wrecks small schools, which has a disparate impact on under-resourced and minority debaters – kills inclusion which is a prerequisite to engaging in your method and turns case.TVA- your aff just with government implementation- any DA to it proves workable clash under our interpTesting – topical debate allows in depth analysis of tangible solutions for real world problems. Abstracting to arbitrary advocacies deteriorates from those skills, making debate meaningless. They turn the debate into a monologue where the negative debater is robbed of opportunities to learn which turns aff solvency to their method since I can’t engage. Advocacy skills controls the internal link to education and outweighs on portability since it is applicable to the real world.Fairness is an impact –1~ probability – your ballot can’t solve their impacts but it can solve mine – debate can’t alter subjectivity, but can rectify skews in this round2~ internal link turns every impact – a limited topic promotes in-depth research and engagement which is necessary to access all of their education3~ comes before substance – deciding any other argument in this debate cannot be disentangled from our inability to prepare for it – any argument you think they’re winning is a link, not a reason to vote for them, since it’s just as likely that they’re winning it because we weren’t able to effectively prepare to defeat it. This means they don’t get to weigh the aff and proves you should be epistemically suspect of their truth claims.No impact turns or RVIs~1~ Perfcon – if T’s bad and you vote for them on that arg, you’re voting on T.~2~ Substance – if T’s bad then we should try debating on substance – impact turns force me to go for T since I need to defend my position.Theory is competing interps – a) reasonability is arbitrary and so is any brightline they set, b) norming – competing interps causes a race to the top where we find the best possible norm for debate instead of setting a brightline and testing how abusive we can be without violating.Drop the debater on T – a) indicts the aff advocacy so drop the argument would be dropping the aff anyways, b) deter future abuse and set good norms. | 11/21/21 |
1-TFW vs Chinese RobotocismTournament: Loyola | Round: 3 | Opponent: Millard North YL | Judge: Bukowsky, Holden 1Interpretation and Violation: The affirmative must defend the desirability of the hypothetical implementation of member nations of the WTO reducing IPP for medicines. This doesn’t entail a specific method of engaging in the topic, just that the affirmative must derive offense from a legal reduction of it. They don’t.Resolved denotes a proposal to be enacted by lawWords and Phrases 1964 Permanent Edition AND ," which is defined by Bouvier as meaning "to establish by law". Vote Neg –Limits – aff gets to choose literally anything they want, which justifies infinite variations of affirmatives that are impossible for the neg to prep against, ensuring they’ll always be ahead and use competition standards like perms to erase neg ground. Key to fairness since we need to predict arguments to be able to make viable responses. Additionally, cutting negs to every possible aff wrecks small schools, which has a disparate impact on under-resourced and minority debaters – kills inclusion which is a prerequisite to engaging in your method and turns case.TVA solves – a) CROSS APPLY THEIR OWN Yu EVIDENCE – it proves that IPPs are a form of western racism and they should be reducedb) reducing IPP allows for China to take secrets and raise hegemony- increasing Chinese individualityAny DA to the TVA isn’t an absolute reason to reject it – it just is proof that there’s workable clash under my interp where both the aff and neg can engage.Testing – topical debate allows in depth analysis of tangible solutions for real world problems. Abstracting to arbitrary advocacies deteriorates from those skills, making debate meaningless. They turn the debate into a monologue where the negative debater is robbed of opportunities to learn which turns aff solvency to their method since I can’t engage. Advocacy skills controls the internal link to education and outweighs on portability since it is applicable to the real world.In round competitive equity first:~1~ Evaluation – their arguments only seem true because they have an advantage – equity is a meta constraint on your ability to determine who’s better under the aff method since if one debater had 10 minutes to speak and the other had 1 it alters the ability to judge the truth value of the aff which means no cross apps and you should presume their arguments are false since I wasn’t adequately prepared to contest them so they don’t get to weigh the case if we couldn’t engage it to start with since I couldn’t disprove it.~2~ Ballot proximity – the ballot can’t solve their offense or actualize their method since the arguments we read have no effect on our subjectivity, but the judge can determine the direction of good norms and equitable practices so a risk our interp is good means negate~3~ We can always read their literature later, but a loss is permanent.Reject independent voters because they are usually 5-10 second blips but I have to over-invest so much of my time in order to make sure I won’t lose on it. Time skew outweighs because a pre-req to making arguments is having time to do so.No impact turns or RVIs~1~ Perfcon – if T’s bad and you vote for them on that arg, you’re voting on T.~2~ Substance – if T’s bad then we should try debating on substance – impact turns force me to go for T since I need to defend my position.Theory is competing interps – a) reasonability is arbitrary and so is any brightline they set, b) norming – competing interps causes a race to the top where we find the best possible norm for debate instead of setting a brightline and testing how abusive we can be without violating.Drop the debater on T – a) indicts the aff advocacy so drop the argument would be dropping the aff anyways, b) deter future abuse and set good norms. | 9/25/21 |
1-TFW vs LogisticsTournament: Greenhill | Round: 1 | Opponent: Little Rock MG | Judge: Lea, Gabrielle 1Interpretation and Violation: The affirmative must defend the desirability of the hypothetical implementation of member nations of the WTO reducing IPP for medicines. This doesn’t entail a specific method of engaging in the topic, just that the affirmative must derive offense from a legal reduction of it. They don’t.Resolved denotes a proposal to be enacted by lawWords and Phrases 1964 Permanent Edition AND ," which is defined by Bouvier as meaning "to establish by law". Vote Neg –Limits – aff gets to choose literally anything they want, which justifies infinite variations of affirmatives that are impossible for the neg to prep against, ensuring they’ll always be ahead and use competition standards like perms to erase neg ground. Key to fairness since we need to predict arguments to be able to make viable responses. Additionally, cutting negs to every possible aff wrecks small schools, which has a disparate impact on under-resourced and minority debaters – kills inclusion which is a prerequisite to engaging in your method and turns case.TVA solves a) IPR is fundamentally racistParthasarathy 20 Shobita Parthasarathy, 11-2-2020, "Racism is baked into patent systems," No Publication, https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-020-03056-z B1ack ZD AND with the creative fruits of the kitchen, forest, farm or workshop. b) CA your own Adams evidence- health systems are a form of neoliberalismTesting – topical debate allows in depth analysis of tangible solutions for real world problems. Abstracting to arbitrary advocacies deteriorates from those skills, making debate meaningless. They turn the debate into a monologue where the negative debater is robbed of opportunities to learn which turns aff solvency to their method since I can’t engage. Advocacy skills controls the internal link to education and outweighs on portability since it is applicable to the real world.Switchside — it maintains clash through criticisms about the rhetoric of the patent system and policy making to test the efficacy of certain policy proposals, which prevents pathologization through sustained discussion about blackness in the carceral state. If they are right about the educational value of their model, it shouldn’t matter what side the critique is read on to access their subjectivity offense.Fairness is an impact –1~ probability – your ballot can’t solve their impacts but it can solve mine – debate can’t alter subjectivity, but can rectify skews in this round2~ internal link turns every impact – a limited topic promotes in-depth research and engagement which is necessary to access all of their education3~ comes before substance – deciding any other argument in this debate cannot be disentangled from our inability to prepare for it – any argument you think they’re winning is a link, not a reason to vote for them, since it’s just as likely that they’re winning it because we weren’t able to effectively prepare to defeat it. This means they don’t get to weigh the aff and proves you should be epistemically suspect of their truth claims.No impact turns or RVIs~1~ Perfcon – if T’s bad and you vote for them on that arg, you’re voting on T.~2~ Substance – if T’s bad then we should try debating on substance – impact turns force me to go for T since I need to defend my position.Theory is competing interps – a) reasonability is arbitrary and so is any brightline they set, b) norming – competing interps causes a race to the top where we find the best possible norm for debate instead of setting a brightline and testing how abusive we can be without violating.Drop the debater on T – a) indicts the aff advocacy so drop the argument would be dropping the aff anyways, b) deter future abuse and set good norms. | 9/18/21 |
1-TJFs BadTournament: Blue Key | Round: 6 | Opponent: American Heritage NR | Judge: Das, Sreyaash 3Interpretation: Debaters must not read theoretical justifications for their framework. To clarify, TJFs are badViolation: they read phil ed, resolvability, real world ed, resource disparities~1~Phil-ed: kills phil ed by forcing a theory debate in framework when we are supposed to be learning about and debating philosophy.~2~Strat skew: TJFs force me to win on both theory and framework to win framework while you may only debate one, extending the other. Kills fairness since I have to engage on different layers with minimal time.~3~ Logic – theoertical justifications are bad bc regardless of whether or not the fw is philosopohically coherent tjfs ensure we apply illogical args for debates which kills education because its bad to learn about untrue things and fairness because disregarding rules of logic make it so that we’re unable to come up with argumentation – independently logic outweighs because it’s a litmus test for what counts as an argument in the first place | 10/30/21 |
2-K-Psychoanalysis v1Tournament: Loyola | Round: 3 | Opponent: Millard North YL | Judge: Bukowsky, Holden 2The subject emerges through alienation from the attempt to articulate one’s desires through language, which always has a communicability gap that restricts expression. This creates a constant desire for the lost object and leads to a relation of suffocation that justifies infinite violence – deconstructing this constitutive lack explains and comes before anything else in the round. Thus, the ROB is to traverse the fantasy – that means exposing drives.McGowan 13 Todd McGowan, 2013, "Enjoying What We Don’t Have: The Political Project of Psychoanalysis," University of Nebraska Press/Lincoln and London, SJBE AND also experience our distance from the authority and our radical freedom as subjects. The politics of recognition require the submission of one’s own desire to a social authority without grounding for its demands that creates an endless struggle for acceptance that restricts true enjoyment.McGowan 13 Todd McGowan, 2013, "Enjoying What We Don’t Have: The Political Project of Psychoanalysis," University of Nebraska Press/Lincoln and London, SJBE AND insufficient and seek more. Unlike enjoyment, recognition is an infinite struggle. Debate is structured by agential fantasy – the affirmative is an investment into subjectivity as a teleological entity dependent on external recognition to satisfy its goals, this investment is ultimately addicting and causes passivity - only saying NO to the affirmative can solveLundberg 12 Dr. Christian Lundberg, 2012, "Lacan in Public: Psychoanalysis and the Science of Rhetoric," The University of Alabama Press, Dr. Lundberg is an associate professor and co-director of the University Program in Cultural Studies at UNC, he has a B.A. from the University of Redlands, a Master of Divinity from Emory University, and a Ph.D. in Communication Studies from Northwestern University, sjbe AND a hegemonic order and is therefore a particularly fraught form of political subjectivization. They destroy the possibility for politics, ethics, and the value of life, and their defense will prove my point— controls the internal link to all other impactsRuti ‘14 (mari, English, Toronto, Psychoanalysis, Culture and Society (2014) 19, 297–314) SJBE, recut from Harvard BoSu AND of desire that, on the most elementary level, determines our destiny. Vote negative to embrace the lack – this requires being open to the anxiety that occurs from an encounter with the real of the other and breaks down fantasy and drives.McGowan 3 Todd McGowan, 2013, "Enjoying What We Don’t Have: The Political Project of Psychoanalysis," University of Nebraska Press/Lincoln and London, SJBE AND the liberal’s toler- ance within the conservative’s encounter with the real other. | 9/25/21 |
2-K-Psychoanalysis v2Tournament: Greenhill | Round: 1 | Opponent: Little Rock MG | Judge: Lea, Gabrielle 2The subject emerges through alienation from the attempt to articulate one’s desires through language, which always has a communicability gap that restricts expression. This creates a constant desire for the lost object and leads to a relation of suffocation that justifies infinite violence – deconstructing this constitutive lack explains and comes before anything else in the round. Thus, the ROB is to traverse the fantasy – that means exposing drives.McGowan 13 Todd McGowan, 2013, "Enjoying What We Don’t Have: The Political Project of Psychoanalysis," University of Nebraska Press/Lincoln and London, SJBE AND also experience our distance from the authority and our radical freedom as subjects. Debate is structured by agential fantasy – the affirmative is an investment into subjectivity as a teleological entity dependent on external recognition to satisfy its goals, this investment is ultimately addicting and causes passivity - only saying NO to the affirmative can solveLundberg 12 Dr. Christian Lundberg, 2012, "Lacan in Public: Psychoanalysis and the Science of Rhetoric," The University of Alabama Press, Dr. Lundberg is an associate professor and co-director of the University Program in Cultural Studies at UNC, he has a B.A. from the University of Redlands, a Master of Divinity from Emory University, and a Ph.D. in Communication Studies from Northwestern University, sjbe AND a hegemonic order and is therefore a particularly fraught form of political subjectivization. They destroy the possibility for politics, ethics, and the value of life, and their defense will prove my point— controls the internal link to all other impactsRuti ‘14 (mari, English, Toronto, Psychoanalysis, Culture and Society (2014) 19, 297–314) SJBE, recut from Harvard BoSu AND of desire that, on the most elementary level, determines our destiny. Vote negative to embrace the lack – this requires being open to the anxiety that occurs from an encounter with the real of the other and breaks down fantasy and drives.McGowan 3 Todd McGowan, 2013, "Enjoying What We Don’t Have: The Political Project of Psychoanalysis," University of Nebraska Press/Lincoln and London, SJBE AND the liberal’s toler- ance within the conservative’s encounter with the real other. | 9/18/21 |
2-K-Pyschoanalysis v3Tournament: Valley RR | Round: Finals | Opponent: Murphy AW | Judge: panel The subject is alienated when it articulates its desires – incomplete signifiers structure the emergence of subjectivity and produce repetitive drives to fill the lack that justify coercive violence. Thus, the ROB is to traverse the fantasy – that means exposing drives.Matheson 15 Calum Matheson, PhD, 2015, "Desired Ground Zeroes: Nuclear Imagination and the Death Drive," University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, ~Calum Matheson is author of Desiring the Bomb: Communication, Psychoanalysis, and the Atomic Age (University of Alabama). He is a former high school debater. His research focuses on intersections of rhetoric, media, and theories of psychoanalysis and deconstruction. His current work focuses on right-wing political extremism, conspiracy thinking, and Lacanian concepts of anxiety and psychosis. He has also published work on argument, history of rhetoric, and games. Dr. Matheson is a former debate coach at Harvard University and a current candidate at the Pittsburgh Psychoanalytic Center.~, https://cdr.lib.unc.edu/concern/dissertations/6682x4537, SJBE AND fellow on the back, all laughing like happy children. (12) The 1AC is an ideological fantasy constructed by relentless planning at the expense of scapegoated identities, all for recognition from the Other in an attempt to fill the lack.Gunder 05 Michael Gunder, 2005, "The Production of Desirous Space: Mere Fantasies of the Utopian City?" Planning Theory 2005 4: 173, DOI: 10.1177/1473095205054604, all brackets were in the original text, SJBE AND and ourselves, that constitutes the social reality that is our lived space. ====The 1AC’s development discourse is the projection of repetitive desires of a capitalist system- the scapegoat is created to obscure the Real- necessitating the destruction of the third world. ==== AND money to charity, or to call for the privatisation of public services). The repetition of drives makes life the enemy and causes extinctionThemi 08 (Tim, Prof @ Deakin U, "How Lacan’s Ethics Might Improve Our Understanding of Nietzsche’s Critique of Platonism: The Neurosis and Nihilism of a ‘Life’ Against Life," Cosmos and History: The Journal of Natural and Social Philosophy 4.1-2, 2008) SJBE, recut from Harvard BoSu AND -understood drive resurge of its own volition until it accidentally finishes us! Vote negative to embrace the lack – this requires being open to the anxiety that occurs from an encounter with the other and breaks down fantasy and drives.McGowan 13 Todd McGowan, 2013, "Enjoying What We Don’t Have: The Political Project of Psychoanalysis," University of Nebraska Press/Lincoln and London, SJBE AND the liberal’s toler- ance within the conservative’s encounter with the real other. | 9/25/21 |
3-ND-Kant NCTournament: Glenbrooks | Round: 4 | Opponent: DTHS HV | Judge: Bukowsky, Holden 2Permissibility and presumption negate – ~a~ the resolution indicates the aff has to prove an obligation, and permissibility would deny the existence of an obligation ~b~ Statements are more often false than true because any part can be false. This means you negate if there is no offense because the resolution is probably false.Ethics must begin a priori:~1~ Uncertainty – our experiences are inaccessible to others which allows people to say they don’t experience the same, however a priori principles are universally applied to all agents.~2~ Bindingness – I can keep asking "why should I follow this" which results in skep since obligations are predicated on ignorantly accepting rules. Only reason solves since asking "why reason?" requires reason which concedes its authority and equally proves agency as constitutiveThat means we must universally will maxims— any non-universalizable norm justifies someone’s ability to impede on your ends.Thus, the standard is consistency with the categorical imperative.Prefer the standard: ~a~ freedom is the key to the process of justification of arguments. Willing that we should abide by their ethical theory presupposes that we own ourselves in the first place. Thus, it is logically incoherent to justify the neg arguments/standard without first willing that we can pursue ends free from othersNegate:1~ Strikes violate individual autonomy by exercising coercion.Gourevitch 18 ~Alex; Brown University; "The Right to Strike: A Radical View," American Political Science Review; 2018; https://sci-hub.se/10.1017/s0003055418000321~~ Justin AND liberties nor the related laws that strikers violate when using certain coercive tactics. 3~ The aff homogenizes all strikes as an unconditional right which is unethical.Loewy 2K, Erich H. "Of healthcare professionals, ethics, and strikes." Cambridge Q. Healthcare Ethics 9 (2000): 513. (Erich H. Loewy M.D., F.A.C.P., was born in Vienna, Austria in 1927 and was able to escape first to England and then to the U.S. in late 1938. He was initially trained as a cardiologist. He taught at Case Western Reserve and practiced in Cleveland, Ohio. After 14 years he devoted himself fully to Bioethics and taught at the University of Illinois for 12 years. In 1996 he was selected as the first endowed Alumni Association Chair of Bioethics at the University of California Davis School of Medicine and has taught there since.) JG AND be "professionals," may legitimately proceed and yet fulfill their basic purpose. 4~ Free-riding: strikes are a form of free-riding since those who don’t participate still reap the benefits.Dolsak and Prakash 19 ~Nives and Aseem; We write on environmental issues, climate politics and NGOs; "Climate Strikes: What They Accomplish And How They Could Have More Impact," 9/14/19; Forbes; https://www.forbes.com/sites/prakashdolsak/2019/09/14/climate-strikes-what-they-accomplish-and-how-they-could-have-more-impact/?sh=2244a9bd5eed~~ Justin AND , a large number of people have a strong preference for climate action. | 11/21/21 |
3-ND-Kant NC v2Tournament: Glenbrooks | Round: 6 | Opponent: Peninsula CS | Judge: Chaudhary, Vishan 2The meta-ethic is procedural moral realism.This entails that moral facts stem from procedures while substantive realism holds that moral truths exist independently of that in the empirical world. Prefer procedural realism –~1~ Collapses – the only way to verify whether something is a moral fact is by using procedures to warrant it.~2~ Uncertainty – our experiences are inaccessible to others which allows people to say they don’t experience the same, however a priori principles are universally applied to all agents.~3~ Is/Ought Gap – we can only perceive what is, not what ought to be. It’s impossible to derive an ought statement from descriptive facts about the world, necessitating a priori premises.~4~ value theory – the existence of extrinsic goodness requires unconditional human worth.Korsgaard 83 (Christine M., "Two Distinctions in Goodness," The Philosophical Review Vol. 92, No. 2 (Apr., 1983), pp. 169-195, JSTOR) OS AND -and, in general, to make the highest good our end. Regress – I can keep asking "why should I follow this" which results in skep since obligations are predicated on ignorantly accepting rules. Only reason solves since asking "why reason?" requires reason which is self-justified.That means we must universally will maxims— any non-universalizable norm justifies someone’s ability to impede on your ends.Thus, the standard is consistency with the categorical imperative.Prefer –~1~ Performativity—freedom is the key to the process of justification of arguments. Willing that we should abide by their ethical theory presupposes that we own ourselves in the first place.~2~ Necessity—my framework is inherent to the way we set ends. Ethics must be necessary and not contingent since otherwise its claims could be escapable.Impact calc – the only relevant offense under my framework is that of libertarian ownership. The universality of freedom justifies a libertarian state which outweighs on actor specificity.Otteson 9 brackets in original James R. Otteson (professor of philosophy and economics at Yeshiva University) "Kantian Individualism and Political Libertarianism" The Independent Review, v. 13, n. 3, Winter 2009 AND in the absence of invasions or threats of invasions, it is inactive. Use ethical confidence and reject moral uncertainty:~a~ Phil ed- modesty incentivizes people to read Bostrom and extinction impacts without engaging with NC – we don’t end up talking about philosophy at all NegateNegate:1~ Strikes violate individual autonomy by exercising coercion.Gourevitch 18 ~Alex; Brown University; "The Right to Strike: A Radical View," American Political Science Review; 2018; https://sci-hub.se/10.1017/s0003055418000321~~ Justin AND liberties nor the related laws that strikers violate when using certain coercive tactics. 2~ Means to an end: employees ignore their duty to help their patients in favor of higher wages which treats them as a means to an end.3~ The aff homogenizes all strikes as an unconditional right which is unethical.Loewy 2K, Erich H. "Of healthcare professionals, ethics, and strikes." Cambridge Q. Healthcare Ethics 9 (2000): 513. (Erich H. Loewy M.D., F.A.C.P., was born in Vienna, Austria in 1927 and was able to escape first to England and then to the U.S. in late 1938. He was initially trained as a cardiologist. He taught at Case Western Reserve and practiced in Cleveland, Ohio. After 14 years he devoted himself fully to Bioethics and taught at the University of Illinois for 12 years. In 1996 he was selected as the first endowed Alumni Association Chair of Bioethics at the University of California Davis School of Medicine and has taught there since.) JG AND be "professionals," may legitimately proceed and yet fulfill their basic purpose. 4~ Free-riding: strikes are a form of free-riding since those who don’t participate still reap the benefits.Dolsak and Prakash 19 ~Nives and Aseem; We write on environmental issues, climate politics and NGOs; "Climate Strikes: What They Accomplish And How They Could Have More Impact," 9/14/19; Forbes; https://www.forbes.com/sites/prakashdolsak/2019/09/14/climate-strikes-what-they-accomplish-and-how-they-could-have-more-impact/?sh=2244a9bd5eed~~ Justin AND , a large number of people have a strong preference for climate action. | 11/21/21 |
3-ND-Kant NC vNon TTournament: Longhorn Classic | Round: 2 | Opponent: Westlake AK | Judge: Yoakum, Anastasia 3Permissibility and presumption negate – ~a~ the resolution indicates the aff has to prove an obligation, and permissibility would deny the existence of an obligation ~b~ Statements are more often false than true because any part can be false. This means you negate if there is no offense because the resolution is probably false.The meta-ethic is bindingness.Ethics must begin with a re-orientation towards the subject since modernity is created by persons. Ethics must make equal personhood, rights, and freedoms accessible for all.Mills 18 "Black Radical Kantianism." Res Philosophica, Vol. 95, No. 1, January 2018, pp. 1–33 https:// doi.org/ 10.11612/ resphil.1622 B1ACK ZD AND so that their positioning in the liberal state is different from the beginning. ~A~ Uncertainty – an inability to know others experience and structural positionality makes empiricism an unreliable basis for universal ethics. Outweighs since it would be escapable since people could say they don’t experience the same.~B~ Constitutivism – Morality faces regress where we can continue asking "why." Practical reason is the only unescapable and binding authority because to ask why I should be a reasoner concedes it’s authority since you’re actively reasoning.That justifies universality – a~ any non-universalizable norm justifies someone’s ability to impede on your ends b~ Only universalizable reason can effectively explain the perspectives of agents – that’s the best method for combatting oppression.Farr 02 Arnold Farr (prof of phil @ UKentucky, focusing on German idealism, philosophy of race, postmodernism, psychoanalysis, and liberation philosophy). "Can a Philosophy of Race Afford to Abandon the Kantian Categorical Imperative?" JOURNAL of SOCIAL PHILOSOPHY, Vol. 33 No. 1, Spring 2002, 17–32. AND choosing my maxims I attempt to include the perspective of other moral agents. Prefer:~1~ Normativity outweighs: a~ Obligations – lack of it doesn’t generate stable ethics so it permits anything except the one thing it condemns b~ Collapses – injustices need universal ideal principles to ground them and explain why they are wrong which otherwise justifies skep since no external reason to follow ethics c~ Necessity – every arg presupposes ability to set and pursue ends which collapses to my framework d~ Is/Ought Gap – description of injustices only tells us what exists, not how to properly fix it or act with it which leaves all harms unresolved.~2~ Consequences Fail: a~ Every action has infinite stemming consequences, because every consequence can cause another consequence so we can’t predict. b~ Induction is circular because it relies on the assumption that nature will hold uniform and we could only reach that conclusion through inductive reasoning based on observation of past events. c~ Every action is infinitely divisible, only intents unify because we commit the end point of an action – but consequences cannot determine what step of action is moralThus, the standard is consistency with the categorical imperative.Negate:1~ Strikes violate individual autonomy by exercising coercion.Gourevitch 18 ~Alex; Brown University; "The Right to Strike: A Radical View," American Political Science Review; 2018; https://sci-hub.se/10.1017/s0003055418000321~~ Justin AND liberties nor the related laws that strikers violate when using certain coercive tactics. The aff has a deontological obligation to be topical.Nebel 15: Jake Nebel,"The Priority of Resolutional Semantics by Jake Nebel," Briefly, https://www.vbriefly.com/2015/02/20/the-priority-of-resolutional-semantics-by-jake-nebel/==== | 12/4/21 |
3-ND-Log Con NC v1Tournament: Blue Key | Round: 6 | Opponent: American Heritage NR | Judge: Das, Sreyaash 4Permissibility and presumption negate – a. the resolution indicates the affirmative is proactive, and permissibility would deny the existence of an obligation b. Statements are more often false than true because any part can be false. This means you negate if there is no offense because the resolution is probably false.The neg burden is to prove that the aff won’t logically happen in the status quo, and the aff burden is to prove that it will.Top of Form Prefer:1~ Text –A~ Ought is "used to express logical consequence" as defined by Merriam-Webster(http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/ought) Massa B~ Oxford Dictionary defines ought as "used to indicate something that is probable."https://en.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/ought Massa 2~ Debatability – a) it focuses debates on empirics about squo trends rather than irresolvable abstract principles that’ve been argued for years B~ moral framework debate is impossible- we can only tell what is from experiences not what ought to be3~ Neg definition choice – the aff should have defined ought in the 1ac because it was in the rez so it’s predictable contestation, by not doing so they have forfeited their right to read a new definition – kills 1NC strategy since I premised my engagement on a lack of your definition.Negate: 1~ Inherency – either a) the aff is non-inherent and you vote neg on presumption or b) it is and it isn’t going to happen.2~ A guarantee for all workers won’t happen. Even if the private sector gets the right to strike, public workers will be excludedNolan 4/13 Hamilton Nolan, 4-13-2020, "Public Sector's Right to Strike Is Left Behind in Biden-Bernie Task Force," Truthout, https://truthout.org/articles/public-sectors-right-to-strike-is-left-behind-in-biden-bernie-task-force/, SJLW AND right to strike—the single most potent weapon in any union’s toolbox. 3~ Zeno’s Paradox – to go anywhere, you must go halfway first, and then you must go half of the remaining distance, and half of the remaining distance, and so forth to infinity – thus, motion is impossible because it necessitates traversing an infinite number of spaces in a finite amount of time. If movement is impossible, so recognizing a strike isn’t a logical consequence of the rez.Additionally, in order to say I want to fix x problem, you must say that you want x problem to exist, since it requires the problem exist to solve, which makes any moral attempt inherently immoral 1~ Merrian websters defines to ashttps://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/to AND or condition suggestive of movement toward a place, person, or thing reached But just governments can’t move to an obligations so rez is incoherent2~ Merrian Websters defines right ashttps://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/right But there is no base for strikes to be perpendicular to, so the rez does nothing3~ Merrian websters defines Strike as to delete something 4~ Merrian Websters defines workers asany of the sexually underdeveloped and usually sterile members of a colony of social ants, bees, wasps, or termites that perform most of the labor and protective duties of the colony | 10/30/21 |
3-SO-Kant NC v1Tournament: Grapevine | Round: 3 | Opponent: Cypress Woods AZ | Judge: Sun, Favian 21NC – FWPermissibility and presumption negate – ~a~ the resolution indicates the aff has to prove an obligation, and permissibility would deny the existence of an obligation ~b~ Statements are more often false than true because any part can be false. This means you negate if there is no offense because the resolution is probably false.Ethics must begin a priori:~1~ Uncertainty – our experiences are inaccessible to others which allows people to say they don’t experience the same, however a priori principles are universally applied to all agents.~2~ Bindingness – I can keep asking "why should I follow this" which results in skep since obligations are predicated on ignorantly accepting rules. Only reason solves since asking "why reason?" requires reason which concedes its authority and equally proves agency as constitutiveThat means we must universally will maxims— any non-universalizable norm justifies someone’s ability to impede on your ends.Thus, the standard is consistency with the categorical imperative.Prefer the standard: ~a~ freedom is the key to the process of justification of arguments. Willing that we should abide by their ethical theory presupposes that we own ourselves in the first place. Thus, it is logically incoherent to justify the neg arguments/standard without first willing that we can pursue ends free from others ~b~ Frameworks are topicality interps of the word ought so they should be theoretically justified. Prefer on resource disparities—a focus on evidence and statistics privileges debaters with the most preround prep which excludes lone-wolfs who lack huge evidence files. A debate under my framework can easily be won without any prep since huge evidence files aren’t required.1NC – Offense2~The aff encourages free riding- that treats people as ¬means to an end and takes advantage of their efforts which violates the principle of humanityVan Dyke 2 Raymond Van Dyke, 7-17-2018, "The Categorical Imperative for Innovation and Patenting," IPWatchdog, https://www.ipwatchdog.com/2018/07/17/categorical-imperative-innovation-patenting/id=99178/ SJDA recut SJKS AND theft of property, whether tangible or intangible, apart from legitimate exigencies. 3~IPs are a necessary check on companies free-riding off associations of quality.Wong et al 20 ~Liana, Ian, and Shayerah; Analyst in International Trade and Finance; Specialist in International Trade and Finance; Specialist in International Trade and Finance; "Intellectual Property Rights and International Trade," *Updated* 5/12/20; CRS; https://www.everycrsreport.com/files/20200512'RL34292'2023354cc06b0a4425a2c5e02c0b13024426d206.pdf~~ Justin AND by registration with the PTO, through a process similar to trademark registration. | 9/11/21 |
3-SO-Kant NC v2Tournament: Greenhill | Round: 6 | Opponent: Immaculate Heart BC | Judge: McLoughlin, Sam 2Permissibility and presumption negate – ~a~ the resolution indicates the aff has to prove an obligation, and permissibility would deny the existence of an obligation ~b~ Statements are more often false than true because any part can be false. This means you negate if there is no offense because the resolution is probably false.Ethics must begin a priori:~1~ Uncertainty – our experiences are inaccessible to others which allows people to say they don’t experience the same, however a priori principles are universally applied to all agents.~2~ Bindingness – I can keep asking "why should I follow this" which results in skep since obligations are predicated on ignorantly accepting rules. Only reason solves since asking "why reason?" requires reason which concedes its authority and equally proves agency as constitutiveThat means we must universally maxims— any non-universalizable norm justifies someone’s ability to impede on your ends.Thus, the standard is consistency with the categorical imperative.Prefer the standard: ~a~ Frameworks are topicality interps of the word ought so they should be theoretically justified. Prefer on resource disparities—a focus on evidence and statistics privileges debaters with the most preround prep which excludes lone-wolfs who lack huge evidence files. A debate under my framework can easily be won without any prep since huge evidence files aren’t required.Negate:1~ Intellectual property is an inalienable personal right of economic usePozzo 6 Pozzo, Riccardo. "Immanuel Kant on Intellectual Property." Trans/Form/Ação, vol. 29, no. 2, 2006, pp. 11–18., doi:10.1590/s0101-31732006000200002. SJDA recut Cookie JX AND he was to make, as we say today, a free use. 2~The aff violates the categorical imperative and is non-universalizable- governments have a binding obligation to protect creationsVan Dyke 18 Raymond Van Dyke, 7-17-2018, "The Categorical Imperative for Innovation and Patenting," IPWatchdog, https://www.ipwatchdog.com/2018/07/17/categorical-imperative-innovation-patenting/id=99178/ SJDA recut SJKS AND trade secret protection would become the mainstay for society with the heightened distrust. 3~The aff encourages free riding- that treats people as ¬means to an end and takes advantage of their efforts which violates the principle of humanityVan Dyke 2 Raymond Van Dyke, 7-17-2018, "The Categorical Imperative for Innovation and Patenting," IPWatchdog, https://www.ipwatchdog.com/2018/07/17/categorical-imperative-innovation-patenting/id=99178/ SJDA recut SJKS AND theft of property, whether tangible or intangible, apart from legitimate exigencies. | 9/19/21 |
3-SO-Log Con NCTournament: Loyola | Round: 2 | Opponent: Eden Prairie AG | Judge: Sinha, Abhinav 3Permissibility and presumption negate – ~a~ the resolution indicates the aff has to prove an obligation, and permissibility would deny the existence of an obligation ~b~ Statements are more often false than true because any part can be false. This means you negate if there is no offense because the resolution is probably false.The aff burden is to prove that the resolutional statement is logical, and the reciprocal neg burden is to prove that the resolutional statement is illogical.Prefer:1. Text – Oxford Dictionary defines ought as "used to indicate something that is probable."https://en.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/ought Massa Ought is "used to express logical consequence" as defined by Merriam-Webster(http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/ought) Massa 2. Debatability – a) my interp means debates focus on empirics about squo trends rather than irresolvable abstract principles that’ve been argued for years b) Moral oughts cannot guide action.Gray, Grey, JW. "The Is/Ought Gap: How Do We Get "Ought" from "Is?"" Ethical Realism. N.p., 19 July 2011. Web. 28 Oct. 2015. Massa AND arsenic. If it is, we have some more explaining to do. 4. Neg definition choice – The aff should have defined ought in the 1ac as their value, by not doing so they have forfeited their right to read a new definition – kills 1NC strategy since I premised my engagement on a lack of your definition.Negate:~1~ Inherency – either a) the aff is non-inherent and you vote neg on presumption or b) it is and it isn’t logically going to happen.~2~ In order to say I want to fix x problem, you must say that you want x problem to exist, since it requires the problem exist to solve, which makes any moral attempt inherently immoral.~3~ member means "a body part or organ" (Marriam Webster) but a nation cannot have bodily organs so the resolutions incoherent~4~ Property means "a building" (Oxford Languages) so reducing intellectual buildings is incoherent | 12/4/21 |
3-SO-Log Con NC v2Tournament: Valley | Round: 6 | Opponent: Prospect ST | Judge: Lakshman, Rohit 4Permissibility and presumption negate – ~a~ the resolution indicates the aff has to prove an obligation, and permissibility would deny the existence of an obligation ~b~ Statements are more often false than true because any part can be false. This means you negate if there is no offense because the resolution is probably false.The aff burden is to prove that the resolutional statement is logical, and the reciprocal neg burden is to prove that the resolutional statement is illogical.Prefer:1. Text – Oxford Dictionary defines ought as "used to indicate something that is probable."https://en.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/ought Massa Ought is "used to express logical consequence" as defined by Merriam-Webster(http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/ought) Massa 2. Debatability – a) my interp means debates focus on empirics about squo trends rather than irresolvable abstract principles that’ve been argued for years4. Neg definition choice – The aff should have defined ought in the 1ac as their value, by not doing so they have forfeited their right to read a new definition – kills 1NC strategy since I premised my engagement on a lack of your definition.Negate:~1~ Inherency – either a) the aff is non-inherent and you vote neg on presumption or b) it is and it isn’t logically going to happen.~2~ In order to say I want to fix x problem, you must say that you want x problem to exist, since it requires the problem exist to solve, which makes any moral attempt inherently immoral.~3~ member means "a body part or organ" (Marriam Webster) but a nation cannot have bodily organs so the resolutions incoherent~4~ Property means "a building" (Oxford Languages) so reducing intellectual buildings is incoherent | 9/26/21 |
3-Util NC v1Tournament: Loyola | Round: 2 | Opponent: Eden Prairie AG | Judge: Sinha, Abhinav 4The standard is maximizing expected wellbeing.1~ Actor spec—governments must use util because they don’t have intentions and are constantly dealing with tradeoffs—outweighs since different agents have different obligations—takes out calc indicts since they are empirically denied.2~ Death is bad and outweighs – a~ agents can’t act if they fear for their bodily security which constrains every ethical theory, b~ it destroys the subject itself – kills any ability to achieve value in ethics since life is a prerequisite which means it’s a side constraint since we can’t reach the end goal of ethics without life3~ Pleasure and pain are the starting point for moral reasoning—they’re our most baseline desires and the only things that explain the intrinsic value of objects or actionsMoen 16, Ole Martin (PhD, Research Fellow in Philosophy at University of Oslo). "An Argument for Hedonism." Journal of Value Inquiry 50.2 (2016): 267. AND notion of legal standing will outstrip the power relations that ground Pettit’s theory. 4~ Extinction outweighsMacAskill 14 ~William, Oxford Philosopher and youngest tenured philosopher in the world, Normative Uncertainty, 2014~ AND with the benefit of keeping one’s options open while one gains new information. | 12/4/21 |
3-Util NC v2Tournament: Greenhill | Round: 4 | Opponent: DTHS HV | Judge: Karavadi, Sai The standard is minimizing death: 1~ Death is bad and outweighs – a~ agents can’t act if they fear for their bodily security which constrains every ethical theory, b~ it destroys the subject itself – kills any ability to achieve value in ethics since life is a prerequisite which means it’s a side constraint since we can’t reach the end goal of ethics without life 2~ Extinction outweighs AND with the benefit of keeping one’s options open while one gains new information. 3~ Evolutionary analysis proves offensive realism. AND in which human brains and behaviors evolved. But what was that context? 4~Youth participatory action research enables transformative resistance and is crucial to make activism work AND means by which young people engage transformational resistance. (1-4) | 9/19/21 |
3-Util NC v3Tournament: Valley | Round: 6 | Opponent: Prospect ST | Judge: Lakshman, Rohit 2The standard is maximizing expected wellbeing.1~ No intent foresight distinction for states – governments must use util because they don’t have intentions and are constantly dealing with tradeoffs—outweighs since different agents have different obligations—takes out calc indicts since they are empirically denied.Enoch 07 Enoch, D ~The Faculty of Law, The Hebrew Unviersity, Mount Scopus Campus, Jersusalem~. (2007). INTENDING, FORESEEING, AND THE STATE. Legal Theory, 13(02). doi:10.1017/s1352325207070048 https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/legal-theory/article/intending-foreseeing-and-the-state/76B18896B94D5490ED0512D8E8DC54B2 AND against the intending-foreseeing distinction when applied to state action than elsewhere. 2~ Death is bad and outweighs – a~ agents can’t act if they fear for their bodily security which constrains every ethical theory, b~ it destroys the subject itself – kills any ability to achieve value in ethics since life is a prerequisite which means it’s a side constraint since we can’t reach the end goal of ethics without life3~ Extinction outweighsMacAskill 14 ~William, Oxford Philosopher and youngest tenured philosopher in the world, Normative Uncertainty, 2014~ AND with the benefit of keeping one’s options open while one gains new information. 4~ Reject calc indicts:A~ Empirically denied—both individuals and policymakers carry out effective cost-benefit analysis which means even if decisions aren’t always perfect it’s still better than not acting at allB~ Theory—they’re functionally NIBs that everyone knows are silly but skew the aff and move the debate away from the topic and actual philosophical debate, killing valuable education5~ Util is key to debates about IP.Kar 19 ~Mohit; Writer at the Original Position; "Utilitarianism in the Context of Intellectual Property," The Original Position; 9/18/19; https://originalpositionnluj.wordpress.com/2019/09/18/utilitarianism-in-the-context-of-intellectual-property/~~ Justin AND offset by the prospect of obtaining license fees on their own patents.’ Outweighs –A~ Most articles about IP are written through util – means other frameworks can never engage with core questions of the lit and decks predictability – equal topic lit means fair ground.B~ TJFs first – substance begs the question of a framework being good for debate – fairness is a gateway issue to deciding the winner and education is the reason schools fund debate. | 9/26/21 |
3-Util NC v4Tournament: Blue Key | Round: 2 | Opponent: King AT | Judge: Wang-Choi, Jeong 2The standard is maximizing expected wellbeing-hedonistic act util1~ Actor spec—governments must use util because they don’t have intentions and are constantly dealing with tradeoffs—outweighs since different agents have different obligations—takes out calc indicts since they are empirically denied.2~ Death is bad and outweighs – a~ agents can’t act if they fear for their bodily security which constrains every ethical theory, b~ it destroys the subject itself – kills any ability to achieve value in ethics since life is a prerequisite which means it’s a side constraint since we can’t reach the end goal of ethics without life3~ Pleasure and pain are the starting point for moral reasoning—they’re our most baseline desires and the only things that explain the intrinsic value of objects or actionsMoen 16, Ole Martin (PhD, Research Fellow in Philosophy at University of Oslo). "An Argument for Hedonism." Journal of Value Inquiry 50.2 (2016): 267. AND notion of legal standing will outstrip the power relations that ground Pettit’s theory. 4~ Extinction outweighsMacAskill 14 ~William, Oxford Philosopher and youngest tenured philosopher in the world, Normative Uncertainty, 2014~ AND with the benefit of keeping one’s options open while one gains new information. 5~ No intent-foresight distinction for states.Enoch 07 Enoch, D ~The Faculty of Law, The Hebrew Unviersity, Mount Scopus Campus, Jersusalem~. (2007). INTENDING, FORESEEING, AND THE STATE. Legal Theory, 13(02). doi:10.1017/s1352325207070048 https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/legal-theory/article/intending-foreseeing-and-the-state/76B18896B94D5490ED0512D8E8DC54B2 AND against the intending-foreseeing distinction when applied to state action than elsewhere. 6~ Only consequentialism explains degrees of wrongness—if I break a promise to meet up for lunch, that is not as bad as breaking a promise to take a dying person to the hospital. Only the consequences of breaking the promise explain why the second one is much worse than the first which is the most intuitive.Outweighs- A~ Parsimony- metaphysics relies on long chains of questionable claims that make conclusions less likely. B~ Hijacks- intuitions are inevitable since even every framework must take some unjustified assumption as a starting point.7~ Calc indicts fail: A~ Ethics- it would indict everything since they use events to understand how their ethics have worked B~ Reciprocity- they are NIBs that create a 2:1 skew where I have to answer them to access offense while they only have to win one C~ Internalism- asking why we value pain and pleasure is nonsensical cuz the answer is intrinsic since we just do, which means we still prefer hedonism despite shortcomings. | 10/30/21 |
CT- AMR GoodTournament: St Marks | Round: 3 | Opponent: Aragon ZA | Judge: Dossani, Faizzan 1NC - AMR1~ alt cause- your own evidence says "poor infection control, inadequate sanitary conditions and inappropriate food handling" are what causes the spread2~ No extinction from pandemicsDeath rates as high as 50 didn’t collapse civilization AND to re-establish or bad luck in our attempts to do so. 3~ Superbug impact is hypeTyson 12~{Greg, syndicated science columnist, PhD student in microbiology (Northwestern), "Tipping Point: The Threat of Antibiotic Resistance," Helix, 8/17, http://helix.northwestern.edu/article/tipping-point-threat-antibiotic-resistance~~} AND if we continue to ignore the problem, it can only get worse. 4~ Interconnectedness is balanced by increased immunity and advances in medicine and sanitationDr. John Halstead 19, Doctorate in Political Philosophy, "Cause Area Report: Existential Risk, Founders Pledge", https://founderspledge.com/research/Cause20Area20Report20-20Existential20Risk.pdf AND advancements in medicine and sanitation limit the potential damage an outbreak might do. 5~ Humans are too dispersed and disease trends against lethalitySebastian Farquhar 17, director at Oxford's Global Priorities Project, Owen Cotton-Barratt, a Lecturer in Mathematics at St Hugh’s College, Oxford, John Halstead, Stefan Schubert, Haydn Belfield, Andrew Snyder-Beattie, "Existential Risk Diplomacy and Governance", GLOBAL PRIORITIES PROJECT 2017, 1/23/2017, https://www.fhi.ox.ac.uk/wp-content/uploads/Existential-Risks-2017-01-23.pdf AND co-evolve with their hosts rather than kill all possible hosts.39 Large-scale diseases solve nuclear war—-it’s likely now.Barry. R. Posen 20. Ford International Professor of Political Science at MIT and Director Emeritus of the MIT Security Studies Program. 4/23/2020. "Do Pandemics Promote Peace?" https://www.foreignaffairs.com/articles/china/2020-04-23/do-pandemics-promote-peace. DOA: 9/2/2020. SIR. AND feed their reasonable pessimism about the likely outcome of even a conventional war. Disease pandemics decrease the likelihood of warWalt 20 (Stephen M. Walt is the Robert and Renée Belfer professor of international relations at Harvard University; "Will a Global Depression Trigger Another World War?"; Foreign Policy; May 13, 2020; https://foreignpolicy.com/2020/05/13/coronavirus-pandemic-depression-economy-world-war/; ERB) AND going after Iran or Venezuela at a moment when thousands of Americans are dying | 10/17/21 |
CT- Capitalism GoodTournament: Glenbrooks | Round: 4 | Opponent: DTHS HV | Judge: Bukowsky, Holden CaseExtinction o/w under your FW- it’s the biggest form of violence because it kills souls, prevents connection between bodies and affective relations, comes as a prior question to unconscious death because it’s a question of how our brains are orientedCap is good:1~ It’s sustainable – data proves we’re entering the golden ageHausfather 21 – a climate scientist and energy systems analyst whose research focuses on observational temperature records, climate models, and mitigation technologies. He spent 10 years working as a data scientist and entrepreneur in the cleantech sector, where he was the lead data scientist at Essess, the chief scientist at C3.ai, and the cofounder and chief scientist of Efficiency 2.0. He also worked as a research scientist with Berkeley Earth, was the senior climate analyst at Project Drawdown, and the US analyst for Carbon Brief. He has masters degrees in environmental science from Yale University and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam and a PhD in climate science from the University of California, Berkeley. (Zeke, "Absolute Decoupling of Economic Growth and Emissions in 32 Countries," Breakthrough Institute, 4-6-2021, https://thebreakthrough.org/issues/energy/absolute-decoupling-of-economic-growth-and-emissions-in-32-countries, Accessed 4-11-2021, LASA-SC) AND , transportation, buildings) than in others (industrial processes, agriculture). 2~ Tech dematerialization secures sustainability.McAfee 19, *Andrew Paul McAfee, a principal research scientist at MIT, is cofounder and codirector of the MIT Initiative on the Digital Economy at the MIT Sloan School of Management; (2019, "More from Less: The Surprising Story of How We Learned to Prosper Using Fewer Resources and What Happens Next", https://b-ok.cc/book/5327561/8acdbe) AND , which are the first of the two pairs of forces causing dematerialization. 3~ Yes absolute decoupling – consumption is decliningNordhaus 20 ~Ted Nordhaus is an American author, environmental policy expert, and the director of research at The Breakthrough Institute, "Must Growth Doom the Planet?", https://www.thenewatlantis.com/publications/must-growth-doom-the-planet~~ AND given a global economy today that still features robust population and income growth. 4~ The alternative locks in warming – its Try-Or-Die.Klein 8/31/21, Opinion Writer at the New York Times, former Founder of Vox, and author of "Why We’re Polarized" (Ezra, "Transcript: Ezra Klein Answers Listener Questions" from ‘The Ezra Klein Show’ podcast, The New York Times, https://www.nytimes.com/2021/08/31/podcasts/transcript-ezra-klein-ask-me-anything.html, Accessed 09-1-2021) AND people give on this, and I’ve never found one that is convincing. 5~ People use low-cost fuels instead of renewables.George MONBIOT 9. Fellowship and Professorships, Oxford. "Is There Any Point in Fighting to Stave Off Industrial Apocalypse." Guardian. August 17. http://www.guardian.co.uk/commentisfree/cif-green/2009/aug/17/environment-climate-change. AND over. This is hardly conducive to the rational use of natural assets. 6~ Capitalism solves war – its anti-imperialist.Mousseau 19, Michael. "The end of war: How a robust marketplace and liberal hegemony are leading to perpetual world peace." International Security 44.1 (2019): 160-196. Props to DML for finding. (Professor in the School of Politics, Security, and International Affairs at the University of Central Florida)Elmer AND member (currently the United States) to preserve and protect the global order Cap solves war on a massive scaleDafoe 14, Political Science and International Economics (Allan and Nina Kelsey; assistant professor in political science at Yale and research associate in international economics at Berkeley; Journal of Peace Research, "Observing the capitalist peace: Examining market-mediated signaling and other mechanisms," http://jpr.sagepub.com.proxy.lib.umich.edu/content/51/5/619.full) AND capital costs from political risk, monetary coercion, and business sanctions. T Cap is key to space exploration and developmentBlundell 4 ~John, director general of the Institute of Economic Affairs, "Mission to Mars must go private to succeed", Feb 2, http://news.scotsman.com/marsexploration/Mission-to-Mars-must-go.2499794.jp~~ AND a discovery procedure". Science is an open system. So is capitalism. Space k2 solve long-term extinction.Pelton 3 ~Joseph N. Pelton is director of the Space and Advanced Communications Research Institute at George Washington University and executive director of the Arthur C. Clarke Foundation "COMMENTARY: Why Space? The Top 10 Reasons", Sept 12, http://www.space.com/news/commentary'top10'030912.html~~ AND Program is actually a prudent course that could save our species in time. | 11/21/21 |
CT- DeDevTournament: Loyola | Round: 6 | Opponent: Immaculate Heart JL | Judge: Gedela, Tej Case1NC- DeDevNo war - Cheap talk solves.Carter 18 Erin Baggott Carter, International Relations Professor at the University of Southern California. ~Diversionary Cheap Talk: Unemployment and US Foreign Policy Rhetoric, 1945-2010, http://www.erinbcarter.org/documents/diversionUS.pdf~~//BPS AND rhetorical aspects of international politics remain under-theorized and under-explored. Downturn won’t cause war – prefer post-COVID evidenceWalt 5/13 (Stephen M. Walt is the Robert and Renée Belfer professor of international relations at Harvard University; 5/13/20; "Will a Global Depression Trigger Another World War?"; Foreign Policy; https://foreignpolicy.com/2020/05/13/coronavirus-pandemic-depression-economy-world-war/) AND moment in history, I’m going to hope I’m right about this one. Growth means extinction:Warming – Growth causes converging ecological crises that culminate in extinctionWilliams ‘19 (Casey Williams; freelance writer covering climate, environment, and labor politics, citing Ingrid Visseren-Hamakers, associate professor of environmental science and policy at George Mason University and a coordinating lead author of the IPBES report; 5/16/19; "The "Great Dying" Has Begun. Only Transforming the Economy Can Stop It."; Medium; https://onezero.medium.com/the-great-dying-has-begun-only-transforming-the-economy-can-stop-it-4eadd8f7ccf8) AND normal to talk about transformation, which is nothing less than a revolution." Society is unsustainably complex – that ensures a global cognitive collapse – extinction.Annunziata and McManus ’1-11—former Chief Economist and Head of Business Innovation Strategy at General Electric AND Visiting Research Fellow at Autodesk, Senior Advisor at BCG (Marco and Mickey, "The Great Cognitive Depression," https://www.forbes.com/sites/marcoannunziata/2019/01/11/the-great-cognitive-depression/~~#49ed9dc174c1, dml) AND nothing we may ultimately wash up on the shores from a watery grave. Economic crisis sparks widespread movements towards localized sustainability.Trainer ’19—Conjoint Lecturer in the School of Social Sciences, University of New South Wales (Ted, "Entering the era of limits and scarcity: the radical implications for social theory," Journal of Political Ecology Vol. 26, 2019, dml) AND demands for more jobs and higher incomes rather than system replacement. The Goldilocks | 9/5/21 |
CT- DeDev v2Tournament: Greenhill | Round: 6 | Opponent: Immaculate Heart BC | Judge: McLoughlin, Sam No war - Cheap talk solves.Carter 18 Erin Baggott Carter, International Relations Professor at the University of Southern California. ~Diversionary Cheap Talk: Unemployment and US Foreign Policy Rhetoric, 1945-2010, http://www.erinbcarter.org/documents/diversionUS.pdf~~//BPS AND rhetorical aspects of international politics remain under-theorized and under-explored. Stats prove.Daniel Drezner ’14, IR prof at Tufts, The System Worked: Global Economic Governance during the Great Recession, World Politics, Volume 66. Number 1, January 2014, pp. 123-164 AND surge in protectionist nationalism or ethnic exclusion that might have been expected."43 Growth means extinction:Warming – Growth causes converging ecological crises that culminate in extinctionWilliams ‘19 (Casey Williams; freelance writer covering climate, environment, and labor politics, citing Ingrid Visseren-Hamakers, associate professor of environmental science and policy at George Mason University and a coordinating lead author of the IPBES report; 5/16/19; "The "Great Dying" Has Begun. Only Transforming the Economy Can Stop It."; Medium; https://onezero.medium.com/the-great-dying-has-begun-only-transforming-the-economy-can-stop-it-4eadd8f7ccf8) AND normal to talk about transformation, which is nothing less than a revolution." Economic crisis sparks widespread movements towards localized sustainability.Trainer ’19—Conjoint Lecturer in the School of Social Sciences, University of New South Wales (Ted, "Entering the era of limits and scarcity: the radical implications for social theory," Journal of Political Ecology Vol. 26, 2019, dml) AND demands for more jobs and higher incomes rather than system replacement. The Goldilocks War chest—Growth increases war—both funds AND motivates aggressionLucas Hahn 16. Bryant University. April, 2016. Global Economic Expansion and the Prevalence of Militarized Interstate Disputes. AND made it easier to wage war more frequently (Harrison and Nikolaus 2012). | 9/19/21 |
CT- Dem BadTournament: Glenbrooks | Round: 6 | Opponent: Peninsula CS | Judge: Chaudhary, Vishan CaseDem BadNo impact to democracy – decades of empirical data and newest methodologies.Grabmeier ’15 (Jeff; 9/3/15; Senior Director of Research and Innovation at Ohio State University, citing a 52-year study; Phys.org, "'Democratic peace' may not prevent international conflict," https://phys.org/news/2015-09-democratic-peace-international-conflict.html) AND Cranmer said. "But we confirmed that there is this strong relationship." Democracy causes drone warfare.Kaag, PhD, et. al, 14 - John Kaag, Ph.D. Chair of Philosophy, Professor @ Umass Scott Pratt, Executive Vice Provost for Academic Affairs, Professor of Philosophy @ U of Oregon *Sujata K. Bhatia, Former Associate, Science, Technology, and Globalization; "Democracy and the Necessity of Drones," Belfer Center for Science and International Affairs, https://www.belfercenter.org/publication/democracy-and-necessity-drones-0 AND are uncomfortable with a particular form of liberal democracy that necessitates drone warfare. Drolif means every hotspot goes nuclear.Zenko and Kreps, PhDs, 14 AND S. allies interested in procuring drones from U.S. manufacturers. | 11/21/21 |
CT- Space Exploration GoodTournament: Churchill | Round: 6 | Opponent: Westlake AC | Judge: Bukowsky, Holden NC – Space Exploration GoodPrivate sector is key to mining and overcomes all extinction scenarios.Pelton 17—Director Emeritus of the Space and Advanced Communications Research Institute at George Washington University, PHD in IR from Georgetown.. Pelton, Joseph N. 2017. The New Gold Rush: The Riches of Space Beckon! Springer. Accessed 8/30/19. AND global space agreements, are part of this new pathway to the future. Water wars escalate.Klare 20 — Five College professor emeritus of peace and world security studies, and director of the Five College Program in Peace and World Security Studies (PAWSS), holds a B.A. and M.A. from Columbia University and a Ph.D. from the Graduate School of the Union Institute. (Michael; Published: 2020; "Climate Change, Water Scarcity, and the Potential for Interstate Conflict in South Asia"; Journal of Strategic Security 13, No. 4, Pages 109-122; https://doi.org/10.5038/1944-0472.13.4.1826 Available at: https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/jss/vol13/iss4/8)//CYang AND global agriculture—an outcome with enormous implications for American national security.30 So do resource wars.Klare 13 – Michael T., professor emeritus of peace and world-security studies at Hampshire College and senior visiting fellow at the Arms Control Association in Washington, DC, " How Resource Scarcity and Climate Change Could Produce a Global Explosion", The Nation, 4/22/2013, https://www.thenation.com/article/how-resource-scarcity-and-climate-change-could-produce-global-explosion/ JHW AND conflict. We are now heading directly into a resource-shock world. | 1/13/22 |
CT- SparkTournament: Churchill | Round: 3 | Opponent: McNeil ARc | Judge: Fox, Patrick SparkLack of terminal impact evidence in the 1AC means no new 1AR evidence or clarification- kills 1NC strategy because I predicated by 1NC based what was read in the 1AC- o/w because 1ACs have infinite prep time to build perfect affs Nuclear war now spurs political will for disarmament without causing extinction.Deudney 18 ~Associate Professor of Political Science at Johns Hopkins University. 03/15/2018. "The Great Debate." The Oxford Handbook of International Security. www.oxfordhandbooks.com, doi:10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198777854.013.22~ Recut Justin AND of institutional innovation and adjustment toward a fully "bombs away" future. Can’t rebuild industrial civilization.John Jacobi 17. ~Leads an environmentalist research institute and collective, citing Fred Hoyle, British astronomer, formulated the theory of stellar nucleosynthesis, coined the term "big bang," recipient of the Gold Medal of the Royal Astronomical Society, professor at the Institute of Astronomy, Cambridge University. 05-27-17. "Industrial Civilization Could Not Be Rebuilt." The Wild Will Project. https://www.wildwill.net/blog/2017/05/27/industrial-civilization-not-rebuilt/~~ Recut Justin AND advocate going through the phases required to reach the industrial stage of development. Empirics and worse disasters disprove.Eken 17 ~Mattias Eken – PhD student in Modern History at the University of St Andrews. "The understandable fear of nuclear weapons doesn’t match reality". 3/14/17. https://theconversation.com/the-understandable-fear-of-nuclear-weapons-doesnt-match-reality-73563~~ Recut Justin AND Overegging them to frighten ourselves more than we need to keeps nobody safe. Isolated island populations repopulate.Turchin and Green 18 ~Alexey Turchin – Scientist for the Foundation Science for Life Extension in Moscow, Russia, Founder of Digital Immortality Now, author of several books and articles on the topics of existential risks and life extension. Brian Patrick Green – Director of technology ethics at the Markkula Center for Applied Ethics, teaches AI ethics in the Graduate School of Engineering at Santa Clara University. MKIM "Islands as refuges for surviving global catastrophes". September 2018. DOA: 7/20/19. https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/FS-04-2018-0031/full/html?fullSc=1andmbSc=1andfullSc=1~~ Recut Justin AND and passages could provide cooling, access and even oxygen and food sources. No nuclear winter – conservative models prove rainout.Reisner et al. 18 ~Jon, Atmospheric researcher at LANL Climate and Atmospheric Sciences; Gennaro D'Angelo, UKAFF Fellow and member of the Astrophysics Group at the School of Physics of the University of Exeter, Research Scientist with the Carl Sagan Center at the SETI Institute, currently works for the Los Alamos National Laboratory Theoretical Division; Eunmo Koo, scientist in the Computational Earth Science Group at LANL, recipient of the NNSA Defense Program Stockpile Stewardship Program award of excellence; Wesley Even, RandD Scientist at CCS-2, LANL, specialist in computational physics and astrophysics; Matthew Hecht is a member of the Computational Physics and Methods Group in the Climate, Ocean and Sea Ice Modelling program (COSIM) at LANL, who works on modeling high-latitude atmospheric effects in climate models as part of the HiLAT project; Elizabeth Hunke, Lead developer for the Los Alamos Sea Ice Model, Deputy Group Leader of the T-3 Fluid Dynamics and Solid Mechanics Group at LANL; Darin Comeau, Scientist at the CCS-2 COSIM program, specializes in high dimensional data analysis, statistical and predictive modeling, and uncertainty quantification, with particular applications to climate science; Randall Bos is a research scientist at LANL specializing in urban EMP simulations; James Cooley is a Group Leader within CCS-2. 3/16/18 "Climate Impact of a Regional Nuclear Weapons Exchange: An Improved Assessment Based On Detailed Source Calculations." Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, vol. 123, no. 5~ Recut Justin AND Pausata et al., 2016), possibly reducing the duration of these effects. Volcano activities prove.Reisner et al. 18 ~Jon, Atmospheric researcher at LANL Climate and Atmospheric Sciences; Gennaro D'Angelo, UKAFF Fellow and member of the Astrophysics Group at the School of Physics of the University of Exeter, Research Scientist with the Carl Sagan Center at the SETI Institute, currently works for the Los Alamos National Laboratory Theoretical Division; Eunmo Koo, scientist in the Computational Earth Science Group at LANL, recipient of the NNSA Defense Program Stockpile Stewardship Program award of excellence; Wesley Even, RandD Scientist at CCS-2, LANL, specialist in computational physics and astrophysics; Matthew Hecht is a member of the Computational Physics and Methods Group in the Climate, Ocean and Sea Ice Modelling program (COSIM) at LANL, who works on modeling high-latitude atmospheric effects in climate models as part of the HiLAT project; Elizabeth Hunke, Lead developer for the Los Alamos Sea Ice Model, Deputy Group Leader of the T-3 Fluid Dynamics and Solid Mechanics Group at LANL; Darin Comeau, Scientist at the CCS-2 COSIM program, specializes in high dimensional data analysis, statistical and predictive modeling, and uncertainty quantification, with particular applications to climate science; Randall Bos is a research scientist at LANL specializing in urban EMP simulations; James Cooley is a Group Leader within CCS-2. 3/16/18 "Climate Impact of a Regional Nuclear Weapons Exchange: An Improved Assessment Based On Detailed Source Calculations." Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, vol. 123, no. 5~ Recut Justin AND aerosol via coagulation with organic carbon significantly reduce the particles’ lifetime in the atmosphere Particle accelerators destroy the universe – which outweighs.Joe Packer 7 – MA in Communication from Wake Forest University, PhD in Communication from the University of Pittsburgh and Professor of Communication at Central Michigan University, Alien Life in Search of Acknowledgment, p. 62-63 Recut Justin AND to potential alien life can mask humanity’s obligations to life beyond this planet. Nuclear war prevents AI and Nanotech research.Baum and Barrett 18 – Seth Baum is an American researcher involved in the field of risk research. He is the executive director of the Global Catastrophic Risk Institute (GCRI), a think tank focused on existential risk. Global Catastrophic Risk Institute. 2018. ~"A Model for the Impacts of Nuclear War." SSRN Electronic Journal. 10.2139/ssrn.3155983~ Recut Justin AND cases, this would reduce the risk of harm caused by those technologies. AI destroys the universe.Alan Rominger 16, PhD Candidate in Nuclear Engineering at North Carolina State University, Software Engineer at Red Hat, Former Nuclear Engineering Science Laboratory Synthesis Intern at Oak Ridge National Laboratory, BS in Nuclear Engineering from North Carolina State University, "The Extreme Version of the Technological Singularity", Medium 11-6, https://medium.com/@AlanSE/the-extreme-version-of-the-technological-singularity-75608898eae5 Re-Cut Justin AND to the Fermi Paradox, the Doomsday argument, and the Simulation argument. ====Nanotech proliferates fast and destroys the universe.==== AND The major science and technology nations have devoted particular efforts to this field. Tech advancements make time travel certainAwes Faghi Elmi 18, Contributing Writer at n’world Publications, BS in Forensic Science from London South Bank University, Extended Diploma in Physics with Distinction from Leyton Sixth Form College, Futurist, ~"Technological Progress Might Make Possible Time Travel And Teleportation", Medium, 8-13, https://medium.com/nworld-publications/technological-progress-might-make-possible-time-travel-and-teleportation-45176c3c89bc~~ Recut Justin AND as BBC. Many TV programmes talk about both time travel and teleportation. Collapses the universe.Steve Bowers 16, Control Officer in the United Kingdom, Executive Editor and Moderator of the Orion’s Arm Universe Project, Contributing Author for the Orion’s Arm Novella Collection, ~"WHY NO TIME TRAVEL IN OA", 1-1, https://orionsarm.com/page/77~~ Recut Justin AND connect different parts of the universe without causing temporal paradoxes see this page. Growth causes global toxification and extinction.Ehrlich and Ehrlich 13 ~Paul R. Ehrlich, Professor of Biology and President of the Center for Conservation Biology at Stanford University, and Adjunct Professor at the University of Technology, Sydney, Anne H. Ehrlich, Senior Research Scientist in Biology at Stanford and focuses her research on policy issues related to the environment, "Can a collapse of global civilization be avoided?", Proc Biol Sci. Mar 7, 2013~ Recut Justin AND and that breaches of environmental security could risk the end of global civilization. Reject Robock/Toon et al studies:1~ Their models are inaccurate representations.Walker 18 – Robert Walker, M.Hum in Philosophy from York University, BA in Mathematics from York University, Software Developer, March 6, 2018, ~"Debunked: Nuclear Winter and Radioactive Fallout myths," Debunking Doomsday~ Recut Justin AND as soon as the soot rains out, the whole thing is over. 2~ They just assume the smoke ends up the atmosphere.Seitz 6 – Visiting Scholar at Harvard’s Center of International Affairs (Russell, "The ‘Nuclear Winter’ Meltdown" http://adamant.typepad.com/seitz/2006/12/preherein'honor.html) Recut Justin AND . The 1986 review of TTAPS reception follows. The Melting of 'Nuclear Winter' 3~ Robock and Toon updated their models – no nuclear winterHamill 19 ~Jasper Hamill, Rutgers doctoral student and numerous atmospheric scientists, "Life after an apocalyptic nuclear war might not be quite as grim as expected, scientists say," 08/09/19, Metro, https://metro.co.uk/2019/08/09/life-apocalyptic-nuclear-war-might-not-quite-grim-expected-scientists-say-10545690/~~ Justin AND nuclear explosions, which include a severe cooling impact dubbed "nuclear winter"‘. | 1/13/22 |
JF- Global Con Con CPTournament: Churchill | Round: 6 | Opponent: Westlake AC | Judge: Bukowsky, Holden 1States ought to call a global constitutional convention and establish a constitution reflecting intergenerational concern with exclusive authority to ban appropriation of outer space by private entities and bind participating bodies to its resultThat solves the aff – it addresses shared anxieties while building political consensusGardiner 14 1 ~Stephen M. Gardiner, Professor of Philosophy and Ben Rabinowitz Endowed Professor of Human Dimensions of the Environment at the University of Washington, Seattle, "A Call for a Global Constitutional Convention Focused on Future Generations," 2014, Ethics and International Affairs, Vol. 28, Issue 3, pp. 299-315, https://doi.org/10.1017/S0892679414000379, EA~ AND do better, would be a central issue for discussion by the convention. It spills over to foster broader intergenerational representation, but independence is keyGardiner 14 2 ~Stephen M. Gardiner, Professor of Philosophy and Ben Rabinowitz Endowed Professor of Human Dimensions of the Environment at the University of Washington, Seattle, "A Call for a Global Constitutional Convention Focused on Future Generations," 2014, Ethics and International Affairs, Vol. 28, Issue 3, pp. 299-315, https://doi.org/10.1017/S0892679414000379, EA~ AND waste) but also the need to identify similar threats before they arise. Proactive measures mitigate a laundry list of emerging catastrophic risks – extinctionBeckstead et al. 14 ~Nick Beckstead, Nick Bostrom, Niel Bowerman, Owen Cotton-Barratt, William MacAskill, Seán Ó hÉigeartaigh, Toby Ord, * Future of Humanity Institute, University of Oxford, Director, Future of Humanity Institute, University of Oxford, * Global Priorities Project, Centre for Effective Altruism; Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Global Priorities Project, Centre for Effective Altruism; Future of Humanity Institute, University of Oxford, * Uehiro Centre for Practical Ethics, University of Oxford, Cambridge Centre for the Study of Existential Risk; Future of Humanity Institute, University of Oxford, * Programme on the Impacts of Future Technology, Oxford Martin School, University of Oxford, "Policy Brief: Unprecedented Technological Risks," 2014, The Global Priorities Project, The Future of Humanity Institute, The Oxford Martin Programme on the Impacts of Future Technology, and The Centre for the Study of Existential Risk, https://www.fhi.ox.ac.uk/wp-content/uploads/Unprecedented-Technological-Risks.pdf, Accessed: 03/13/21, EA~ AND in the near future, even if no such breakthroughs currently appear imminent. Maintaining sustainable use of outer space is key to future generationsIslam 18 ~Mohammad Saiful Islam, Mohammad works for the Institute of Advanced Judicial Studies and the Beijing Institute of Technology. 4-27-2018, "The Sustainable Use of Outer Space: Complications and Legal Challenges to the Peaceful Uses and Benefit of Humankind," Beijing Law Review, https://www.scirp.org/journal/paperinformation.aspx?paperid=85201 accessed 12/12/21~ Adam AND over-exploitation of resources and environmental havoc (Fountain, 2002) . | 1/13/22 |
JF- PLA Backlash DATournament: Churchill | Round: 2 | Opponent: Cypress Woods CT | Judge: Okunlola, Nelson 2Xi is tightening control over the PLA but completing goals are critical.Krishnan 21 – Ananth, 11/18/21, ~‘Xi tightened control over the PLA’, TheHindu, https://www.thehindu.com/news/international/xi-tightened-control-over-the-pla/article37549460.ece~~ Justin AND have worked vigorously to govern the military with strict discipline in every respect." The commercial space sector is one of the PLAs central goals – the plan is a 180.Bartholomew and Cleveland 19 – Carolyn and Robin, 4/25/19, Chairmen and Vice Chairmen. Section is written from Michael A. McDevitt, US Congressperson, ~"HEARING ON CHINA IN SPACE: A STRATEGIC COMPETITION?," https://www.uscc.gov/sites/default/files/transcripts/April20252C20201920Hearing20Transcript2028229.pdf~~ Justin AND and is prepared to use cyberattacks against U.S. space systems. That triggers backlash – they don’t support restrictions on the space sector and will do everything to convince leaders not to do the plan.Cheng 14 ~Dean Cheng, Senior Research Fellow in the Asia Studies Center at the Heritage Foundation, Former Senior Analyst at the China Studies Division of the Center for Naval Analyses, Former Senior Analyst with Science Applications International Corporation, "Prospects for U.S.-China Space Cooperation", Testimony before the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation, United States Senate, 4/9/2014, https://www.heritage.org/testimony/prospects-us-china-space-cooperation~~ AND —with a real likelihood that the PLA would be one of them. An unhinged PLA triggers Himalayan war – goes globalChellaney 17 ~Dr. Brahma Chellaney, Professor of Strategic Studies at the Center for Policy Research and Fellow at the Robert Bosch Academy, PhD in International Studies from Jawaharlal Nehru University, "Why the Chinese Military’s Rising Clout Troubles Xi Jinping", The National, 9/9/2017, https://www.thenational.ae/opinion/why-the-chinese-military-s-rising-clout-troubles-xi-jinping-1.626815?videoId=5754807360001~~ AND as a praetorian state are real and carry major implications for international security. Extinction.Caldicott 17 – Helen, 2017, Founder of Physicians for Social Responsibility ~"The new nuclear danger: George W. Bush's military-industrial complex," The New Press~Elmer AND nuclear winter would ensue, meaning the end of most life on earth. | 1/13/22 |
ND- Build Back Better DATournament: Glenbrooks | Round: 1 | Opponent: Harvard Westlake LD | Judge: Barquin, Joseph 2Continued Biden PC passes Build Back better- defies inflation concernsBarrón- López 11-11 Laura Barrón-López White House Correspondent for Politico, formerly covered Congress for the Washington Examiner, HuffPost and The Hill, BA political science, California State University, Fullerton, "Dems to White House: The only prescription is more Biden," Politico, 11-11-2021, https://www.politico.com/news/2021/11/11/dems-white-house-biden-520946 AND —I will cling to that hope as the Biden administration takes shape. Labor reform saps PC – empirically prove with Obama, corporate opposition, and Democratic resistanceLeon 21 Luis Feliz Leon, 01-06-2021, ""If we want it, we’re going to have to fight like hell for it" - Labor faces an uphill battle to pass the PRO Act," Strike Wave, https://www.thestrikewave.com/original-content/labor-faces-uphill-battle-to-pass-pro-act/SJKS AND in motion spur labor-law reforms, not the other way around." Passage consolidates climate momentum, but BBB’s uniquely key to solve cascading impacts.Sherell 11-10 Daniel Sherrell, author of Warmth: Coming of Age at the End of Our World (Penguin Books) and a climate activist, "If Biden doesn’t pass the climate bill, it will be the betrayal of a generation," The Guardian, 11-10-2021, https://amp.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2021/nov/09/if-biden-doesnt-pass-the-climate-bill-it-will-be-the-betrayal-of-a-generation AND evidence to the contrary – that our leaders may actually choose to lead. Climate change causes extinction.Specktor 19 ~Brandon; writes about the science of everyday life for Live Science, and previously for Reader's Digest magazine, where he served as an editor for five years; "Human Civilization Will Crumble by 2050 If We Don't Stop Climate Change Now, New Paper Claims," livescience, 6/4/19; https://www.livescience.com/65633-climate-change-dooms-humans-by-2050.html~~ Justin AND and perhaps "the end of human global civilization as we know it." | 11/20/21 |
ND- Decoupling DATournament: Longhorn Classic | Round: 6 | Opponent: San Mateo YR | Judge: Chao, Isaac 3US-China decoupling is on the brinkDinic 2-2 Leonardo Dinic, NYU Alumnus, China-US Focus, 2-2-2021, "US-China Competition – Semiconductors and the Future of Tech Supremacy," https://www.chinausfocus.com/foreign-policy/us-china-competition-semiconductors-and-the-future-of-tech-supremacy AND instead of taxpayers, but this could also prove to be a hurdle. Wage increases decreases exports and foreign investment- causes decoupling- empirics and studies proveEmpirical data and theoretical predictions are just incredibly fire AND rising unskilled-labor costs in China than wholly foreign-owned firms. US-China decoupling causes warGalen 20 Ted Galen Carpenter (senior fellow for defense and foreign policy studies at the Cato Institute. Carpenter served as Cato’s director of foreign policy studies from 1986 to 1995 and as vice president for defense and foreign policy studies from 1995 to 2011) 10/27/2020, Economic Decoupling Creates Grave Strategic Dangers for China and America, https://www.cato.org/commentary/economic-decoupling-creates-grave-strategic-dangers-china-america AND it is a potentially lethal move from the standpoint of war and peace. US-China war goes nuclear.Logan 9/18 ~David; PhD Candidate on International Affairs at Princeton; 9/18/20; "The Dangerous Myths About China’s Nuclear Weapons," War On The Rocks, https://warontherocks.com/2020/09/the-dangerous-myths-about-chinas-nuclear-weapons/~~ Justin AND nuclear operations intended to degrade Chinese warfighting capabilities or impose costs on China. | 12/5/21 |
ND- Infrastructure Politics DATournament: Blue Key | Round: 2 | Opponent: King AT | Judge: Wang-Choi, Jeong 3Bill passes now- negotiations are holding with Manchin and Sinema-but UN meeting and state elections make it so that there is no margin for errorEdmonson and Cochrane 10-24 Catie Edmondson and Emily Cochrane, 10-24-2021, "Biden Meets With Manchin and Schumer as Democrats Race to Finish Social Policy Bill," New York Times, https://www.nytimes.com/2021/10/24/us/politics/biden-manchin-schumer-spending-bill.html/SJKS AND for him to accept more spending in order to avoid dropping other programs. Labor reform saps PC – empirically prove with Obama, corporate opposition, and Democratic resistanceLeon 21 Luis Feliz Leon, 01-06-2021, ""If we want it, we’re going to have to fight like hell for it" - Labor faces an uphill battle to pass the PRO Act," Strike Wave, https://www.thestrikewave.com/original-content/labor-faces-uphill-battle-to-pass-pro-act/SJKS AND in motion spur labor-law reforms, not the other way around." Infrastructure secures the grid against worsening and increasing cyberattacks.Carney 21 ~Chris; 8/6/21; Senior policy advisor at Nossaman LLC, former US Representative, former professor of political science at Penn State University; "The US Senate Infrastructure Bill: Securing Our Electrical Grid Through P3s and Grants," JDSupra, https://www.jdsupra.com/legalnews/the-us-senate-infrastructure-bill-4989100/~~ Justin AND partnerships and grants, the nation can quickly secure its infrastructure from cyberattacks. Cyberattacks on the grid spiral to all-out nuclear conflict.Klare 19 ~Michael; November 2019; Professor emeritus of peace and world security studies at Hampshire College; "Cyber Battles, Nuclear Outcomes? Dangerous New Pathways to Escalation," Arms Control Association, https://www.armscontrol.org/act/2019-11/features/cyber-battles-nuclear-outcomes-dangerous-new-pathways-escalation~~ Justin AND such attacks "could lead to major conflict and possibly nuclear war."14 | 10/30/21 |
ND- Intermittent Strikes PIC vs KantTournament: Blue Key | Round: 6 | Opponent: American Heritage NR | Judge: Das, Sreyaash 5CP Text: A just government ought to recognize the right to strike however not unconditionally, intermittent strikes should be illegal, all other types of strikes the AC recognizes should be.Intermittent strikes violate labor peace, Theodore 19~Mark Theodore, 7-30-2019, "Employer’s Discipline of Employees Engaging In "Intermittent Strikes" Lawful: NLRB Majority", Labor Relations Update, https://www.laborrelationsupdate.com/nlra/employers-discipline-of-employees-engaging-in-intermittent-strikes-lawful-nlrb-majority/, date accessed 10-24-2021~ Lex AT AND by Congress in crafting the Act and therefore does not warrant protected status. Unconditional means,https://www.google.com/search?q=unconditional+definitionandoq=unconditional+definitionandaqs=chrome..69i57j0i512l3j0i22i30l6.2119j0j9andsourceid=chromeandie=UTF-8 Takes out general principle bc it means general principle still defends all stirkes since exceptions are ocnditions.That negates under the AC framework –1~ Promise breaking – the original NLRA act that explains the right to strike made them illegal bc they violated the purpose of genuine strikes. ow on perfect duties2~ Solves aff offense none of it is specific to an unconditional right3~ contradiction in conception – if everyone always stirked for no reason stikres would have no purposeYes CPs negate - Good and bad are attributive adjectives which don’t make sense in a vacuum i.e. you can’t say this burger is really good without comparing it to alternative burgers. | 10/30/21 |
ND- Police PIC vs Berardi SoulsTournament: Glenbrooks | Round: 4 | Opponent: DTHS HV | Judge: Bukowsky, Holden 3CP: A just government ought to recognize an unconditional right of workers’ souls to strike except for the souls of police officers.Samantha Michaels, Sept/Oct-2020, Samantha Michaels is a reporter at Mother Jones, "If you want to defund the police, start with their unions," Mother Jones, https://www.motherjones.com/crime-justice/2020/08/police-unions-minneapolis/ SR AND referred to police unions as rightful beneficiaries in the movement for workers’ rights. Strikes empower unions.Erin Corbett, 6-23-2020, Freelance journalist and writer on politics, feminism, and social justice. Seen in MSN, Yahoo, VICE, Fortune, People Magazine, Bustle, The Daily Dot, Alternet, Money, The Trace, Rewire.News, Daily Hampshire Gazette, and more. "Police Are Going On Strike. Should Anyone Care?," https://www.refinery29.com/en-us/2020/06/9874441/police-going-on-strike-walkout-reason SR AND organize a union. During the work stoppage the city experienced more robberies. Solves the aff- no every worker key ev- and police will shut down social movements and unions if they have right to strikeYes offense under their framing- police unions are a product of a capitalist society that causes massive violence to black and brown bodies- their souls are corrupt and full of hate. | 11/21/21 |
ND- Stock Markets DATournament: Blue Key | Round: Finals | Opponent: Lexington BF | Judge: Panel 2The stock market is trending upwards but it’s uncertain – blips aren’t enough to disprove the general trend and recent developments prove.Miao and Macheel 10/21 ~Tanaya and Hannah; 10/21/21; Reporter at CNBC, Associate Markets Reporter, graduated summa cum laude from Duke University with a degree in public policy; "SandP 500 slips from record, but heads for winning week on strong earnings," CNBC, https://www.cnbc.com/2021/10/21/stock-market-futures-open-to-close-news.html~~ Justin AND foreign bondholders, staving off a default for the property developer. Best data proves union strike victories statistically cause stock market crash.Lee and Mas 12 ~David; Princeton University and National Bureau of Economic Research; Alexandre; Princeton University and National Bureau of Economic Research; "Long-Run Impacts of Unions on Firms: New Evidence from Financial Markets, 1961–1999," The Quarterly Journal Of Economics; February 2012; https://academic.oup.com/qje/article-abstract/127/1/333/1834007?redirectedFrom=fulltext~~ Justin AND returns for cases where the union won the election by a large margin. The next market crash causes economic collapse – conditions are ripe for failure.Vallejo 10/4 ~Justin; 10/4/21; Citing personal finance expert Robert Kiyosaki; "‘Biggest crash in world history’: Personal finance expert Robert Kiyosaki predicts economic crisis in October," Independent, https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/americas/us-politics/robert-kiyosaki-market-crash-october-b1930754.html~~ Justin AND than $300bn in debt – the most indebted company in the world. Extinction.Liu '18 ~Qian; 11/13/18; Managing Director of Greater China for The Economist Group, previously director of the global economics unit and director of Access China for the Economist Intelligence Unit, PhD in economics from Uppsala University; "The next economic crisis could cause a global conflict. Here's why," https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2018/11/the-next-economic-crisis-could-cause-a-global-conflict-heres-why/~~ Justin AND sensible and respectful global dialogue. The alternative may well be global conflagration. | 11/20/21 |
SO- Antitrust Ptx DATournament: Grapevine | Round: 3 | Opponent: Cypress Woods AZ | Judge: Sun, Favian 4Bipartisan antitrust bills passing now but continued PC needed to pacify republicans.Perlman 9/3 ~Matthew; 9/3/21; "Interest Groups Back Big Tech Antitrust Bills In House," LAW360, https://www.law360.com/competition/articles/1418789/interest-groups-back-big-tech-antitrust-bills-in-house~~ Justin AND agree is already doing great harm to our democracy," the letter said. Aff doesn’t solve but requires negotiations that saps PC.Pooley 21 ~James; Former deputy director general of the United Nations’ World Intellectual Property Organization and a member of the Center for Intellectual Property Understanding; "Drawn-Out Negotiations Over Covid IP Will Blow Back on Biden," Barron’s; 5/26/21; https://www.barrons.com/articles/drawn-out-negotiations-over-covid-ip-will-blow-back-on-biden-51621973675~~ Justin AND helping export our surplus vaccine doses and vaccine ingredients to countries in need. Antitrust is key to the DIB – brink is now.Sitaraman 20 ~Ganesh; Vanderbilt University Law School; "The National Security Case for Breaking Up Big Tech," Knight First Amendment Institute at Columbia; 3/12/20; https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract'id=3537870~~ brett Re-Cut Justin AND redirected via monopoly profits to the pockets of big tech executives and shareholders. That solves extinction through great power war.Marks 19 ~Michael; Former Senior Policy Advisor to the Under Secretary for Security Assistance, Science and Technology at the U.S. Department of State; "Strengthen US Industry To Counter National Security Challenges," American Military News; 10/10/19; https://americanmilitarynews.com/2019/10/strengthen-us-industry-to-counter-national-security-challenges/~~ Justin AND industry, therefore, will be critical to countering our national security challenges. | 9/11/21 |
SO- China DATournament: Grapevine | Round: 1 | Opponent: Westlake NB | Judge: Voudris, Stephan China DAThe US is leading the biopharmaceuticals race – but China is close. Catching up would be a death sentence for US lead.Gupta 21 ~Gaurav; Physician, founder of the biotechnology investment firm Ascendant BioCapital; "As Washington Ties Pharma’s Hands, China Is Leaping Ahead," Barrons; 6/11/21; https://www.barrons.com/articles/as-washington-ties-pharmas-hands-china-is-leaping-ahead-51623438808~~ Justin AND of research capacity will negatively affect Americans’ access to cutting-edge therapies. The plan gives away sensitive biotechnology information that facilitates a China lead.Rogin 21 ~Josh; Columnist for the Global Opinions section of the Washington Post and a political analyst with CNN. Previously, he has covered foreign policy and national security for Bloomberg View, Newsweek, the Daily Beast, Foreign Policy magazine, Congressional Quarterly, Federal Computer Week magazine and Japan’s Asahi Shimbun newspaper. He was a 2011 finalist for the Livingston Award for Young Journalists and the 2011 recipient of the Interaction Award for Excellence in International Reporting. Rogin holds a BA in international affairs from George Washington University and studied at Sophia University in Tokyo. He lives in Washington, DC; "Opinion: The wrong way to fight vaccine nationalism," The Washington Post; 4/8/21; https://www.washingtonpost.com/opinions/global-opinions/the-wrong-way-to-fight-vaccine-nationalism/2021/04/08/9a65e15e-98a8-11eb-962b-78c1d8228819'story.html~~ Justin AND Cohen, senior fellow at the University of California at Berkeley Law School. Gains are directly converted to military prowess – destroys US primacy.Kuo 17 ~Mercy A; Executive Vice President at Pamir Consulting; "The Great US-China Biotechnology and Artificial Intelligence Race," The Diplomat; 8/23/17; https://thediplomat.com/2017/08/the-great-us-china-biotechnology-and-artificial-intelligence-race/~~ TDI Re-Cut Justin AND are tailored to overcome the immune system or the microbiome of specific populations. That causes extinction.Yulis 17 ~Max; Major in PoliSci, Penn Political Review; "In Defense of Liberal Internationalism," Penn Political Review; 4/8/17; http://pennpoliticalreview.org/2017/04/in-defense-of-liberal-internationalism/~~ Re-Cut Justin AND limelight to advocate the virtues of peace, stability, and human rights. | 9/10/21 |
SO- China DA vs CRISPRTournament: Loyola | Round: 6 | Opponent: Immaculate Heart JL | Judge: Gedela, Tej 3The US is leading the biopharmaceuticals race – but China is close. Catching up would be a death sentence for US lead.Gupta 21 ~Gaurav; Physician, founder of the biotechnology investment firm Ascendant BioCapital; "As Washington Ties Pharma’s Hands, China Is Leaping Ahead," Barrons; 6/11/21; https://www.barrons.com/articles/as-washington-ties-pharmas-hands-china-is-leaping-ahead-51623438808~~ Justin AND of research capacity will negatively affect Americans’ access to cutting-edge therapies. The plan gives away sensitive biotechnology information that facilitates a China lead.Rogin 21 ~Josh; Columnist for the Global Opinions section of the Washington Post and a political analyst with CNN. Previously, he has covered foreign policy and national security for Bloomberg View, Newsweek, the Daily Beast, Foreign Policy magazine, Congressional Quarterly, Federal Computer Week magazine and Japan’s Asahi Shimbun newspaper. He was a 2011 finalist for the Livingston Award for Young Journalists and the 2011 recipient of the Interaction Award for Excellence in International Reporting. Rogin holds a BA in international affairs from George Washington University and studied at Sophia University in Tokyo. He lives in Washington, DC; "Opinion: The wrong way to fight vaccine nationalism," The Washington Post; 4/8/21; https://www.washingtonpost.com/opinions/global-opinions/the-wrong-way-to-fight-vaccine-nationalism/2021/04/08/9a65e15e-98a8-11eb-962b-78c1d8228819'story.html~~ Justin AND Cohen, senior fellow at the University of California at Berkeley Law School. China is actively seeking out CRISPR tech to facilitate battlefield enhancements- the aff gives it awayKania and VornDick 19 Elsa Kania and Wilson VornDick (Elsa Kania is an Adjunct Senior Fellow with the Technology and National Security Program at the Center for a New American Security. Wilson VornDick consults on national security, emerging technologies, and China for Duco and Rane. )10-8-2019, "China’s Military Biotech Frontier: CRISPR, Military-Civil Fusion, and the New Revolution in Military Affairs," Jamestown, https://jamestown.org/program/chinas-military-biotech-frontier-crispr-military-civil-fusion-and-the-new-revolution-in-military-affairs/SJKS AND ~23~ Going forward, these trends will merit continued analytic attention. Gains are directly converted to military prowess – unravels the liberal orderKuo 17 ~Mercy A; Executive Vice President at Pamir Consulting; "The Great US-China Biotechnology and Artificial Intelligence Race," The Diplomat; 8/23/17; https://thediplomat.com/2017/08/the-great-us-china-biotechnology-and-artificial-intelligence-race/~~ TDI Re-Cut Justin AND are tailored to overcome the immune system or the microbiome of specific populations. That causes extinction through GPWYulis 17 ~Max; Major in PoliSci, Penn Political Review; "In Defense of Liberal Internationalism," Penn Political Review; 4/8/17; http://pennpoliticalreview.org/2017/04/in-defense-of-liberal-internationalism/~~ Re-Cut Justin AND limelight to advocate the virtues of peace, stability, and human rights. | 9/5/21 |
SO- Fishing Subsidies DATournament: Loyola | Round: Doubles | Opponent: Harrison AA | Judge: Panel 2WTO consensus on fishing subsidies likely now but requires negotiations- consensus is key to solving overfishing- the brink is now.Koop 21 ~Fermin; Argentine journalist specializing in the environment with experience across diverse publications; "WTO Inches Towards a Deal to End Harmful Fishing Subsidies," Maritime-Executive; 7/30/21; https://www.maritime-executive.com/editorials/wto-inches-towards-a-deal-to-end-harmful-fishing-subsidies~~ Justin AND ,?UN special envoy for the ocean, said in a recent webinar. Negotiations on IPR require tradeoffs- empirics prove.DC = DEVELOPING COUNTRY AND Acts Embodying the Results of the Uruguay Round of Multilateral Trade Negotiations’.11 That collapses biodiversity.Osmanski 20 ~Stephanie; Freelance Journaler, Writer at GreenMatters; "How Does Overfishing Affect Biodiversity? Let's Do a Deep Dive," GreenMatters; 12/29/20; https://www.greenmatters.com/p/how-overfishing-affects-biodiversity~~ Justin AND . TBH, might be best to go fish-free. instead. Biodiversity loss causes extinction.Torres 19 ~Phil; Affiliate Scholar at the Institute for Ethics and Emerging Technologies, Founder of the X-Risks Institute, Writer Appearing in Skeptic, Free Inquiry, Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists, Salon, Truthout, Erkenntnis, Metaphilosophy; "Biodiversity Loss: An Existential Risk Comparable To Climate Change," Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists; 4/11/16; https://thebulletin.org/2016/04/biodiversity-loss-an-existential-risk-comparable-to-climate-change/~~ Justin AND as one of the most significant contemporary risks to human prosperity and survival. The impact is two pronged- subsidies drive climate change at an unprecedented rate, undermine food security and livelihoods- killing and displacing millions.Bladon 20 Annabelle Bladon (researcher in IIED’s Shaping Sustainable Markets research group), 1/15/2020, Scrap devastating fishing subsidies to help save the ocean and climate, The International Institute for Environment and Development. https://www.iied.org/scrap-devastating-fishing-subsidies-help-save-ocean-climate SJKS AND is critical that he does not delay further – the ocean cannot wait. | 9/8/21 |
SO- Fishing Subsidies DA v2Tournament: St Marks | Round: 5 | Opponent: Harker AS | Judge: Krauss, Gordon 4WTO NEGOTIATIONS ON FISHERY SUBSIDIES ARE REACHING CONSENSUS BUT DIVISION RISKS DERAILING TALKSGodrey 9-24 Mark Godfrey (Contributing Editor, Irish journalist covering the agriculture and fisheries sectors in Asia, with a focus on China. Proficient in Mandarin, he has frequently traveled across China's fisheries and aquaculture regions and learned the inner workings of China's corporate world during a nearly three-year stint at the Financial Times' "China Confidential" publication. He has also reported widely across Southeast Asia and the former Soviet Union. He has educational certificates in agriculture and food science, as well as Mandarin) 9/24/21, Renewed WTO talks on subsidies zero in on overcapacity, overfishing, https://www.seafoodsource.com/news/environment-sustainability/renewed-wto-talks-on-subsidies-zero-in-on-overcapacity-overfishing AND he told SeafoodSource. "I don’t think we should give up now." Negotiations on IPR require tradeoffs- empirics prove.DC = DEVELOPING COUNTRY AND Acts Embodying the Results of the Uruguay Round of Multilateral Trade Negotiations’.11 That collapses biodiversity.Osmanski 20 ~Stephanie; Freelance Journaler, Writer at GreenMatters; "How Does Overfishing Affect Biodiversity? Let's Do a Deep Dive," GreenMatters; 12/29/20; https://www.greenmatters.com/p/how-overfishing-affects-biodiversity~~ Justin AND . TBH, might be best to go fish-free. instead. Biodiversity loss causes extinction.Torres 19 ~Phil; Affiliate Scholar at the Institute for Ethics and Emerging Technologies, Founder of the X-Risks Institute, Writer Appearing in Skeptic, Free Inquiry, Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists, Salon, Truthout, Erkenntnis, Metaphilosophy; "Biodiversity Loss: An Existential Risk Comparable To Climate Change," Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists; 4/11/16; https://thebulletin.org/2016/04/biodiversity-loss-an-existential-risk-comparable-to-climate-change/~~ Justin AND as one of the most significant contemporary risks to human prosperity and survival. | 10/17/21 |
SO- Infrastructure Politics DATournament: Grapevine | Round: Octas | Opponent: Plano East JN | Judge: Panel 4Infrastructure is passing now and is at the top of Bidens agenda—-Biden has enough PC but continuation is critical.Nomikos 9/1 ~William; 9/1/21; Assistant professor of political science at Washington University in St. Louis and director of the Data-driven Analysis of Peace Project; "Everyone has an opinion on Afghanistan — Do voters care?" The Hill, https://thehill.com/blogs/congress-blog/politics/570422-everyone-has-an-opinion-on-afghanistan-do-voters-care~~ Justin AND the best chance for retaining control of Congress in the 2022 midterm elections. Aff doesn’t solve but requires negotiations that saps PC.Pooley 21 ~James; Former deputy director general of the United Nations’ World Intellectual Property Organization and a member of the Center for Intellectual Property Understanding; "Drawn-Out Negotiations Over Covid IP Will Blow Back on Biden," Barron’s; 5/26/21; https://www.barrons.com/articles/drawn-out-negotiations-over-covid-ip-will-blow-back-on-biden-51621973675~~ Justin AND helping export our surplus vaccine doses and vaccine ingredients to countries in need. That solves existential climate change.Castillo 21 ~Rhyma; 8/16/21; News and politics writer at Elite Daily, where she's passionate about advocating for underserved communities throughout the United States. She’s covered issues in politics, immigration, environmental racism, climate change, gun violence, and more. After graduating with an English degree from Texas AandM Unversity, Rhyma has worked as a technical writer and test author at Educational Testing Service (ETS), a copywriter for Mightier Content, and as a Creative Operations Specialist at GoDaddy. She also has bylines as a freelancer at the San Antonio Current, where her reporting on local news, politics, tech, and entertainment has been widely circulated; "Experts Explain What You Can Do About Climate Change After That Scary IPCC Report," Elite Daily, https://www.elitedaily.com/news/what-you-can-do-climate-change-after-ipcc-report~~ Justin AND , ~and~ those investments take a while to come to fruition." | 9/12/21 |
SO- Infrastructure Politics DA v2Tournament: Greenhill | Round: 6 | Opponent: Immaculate Heart BC | Judge: McLoughlin, Sam Bipartisan infrastructure bill passing now but PC is needed – there is no margin for error.Kapur et al 9/8 ~Sahil, Frank Thorp, and Leigh Ann Caldwell; 9/8/21; Sahil Kapur is a national political reporter for NBC News, Frank Thorp V is a producer and off-air reporter covering Congress for NBC News, managing coverage of the Senate, Leigh Ann Caldwell is an NBC News correspondent; "Democrats plow 'full speed ahead' on sweeping Biden budget, despite tensions," https://www.nbcnews.com/politics/congress/democrats-plow-full-speed-ahead-sweeping-biden-budget-despite-tensions-n1278722~~ Justin AND them could basically make a few cosmetic changes and throw in the towel." Aff doesn’t solve but requires negotiations that saps PC.Pooley 21 ~James; Former deputy director general of the United Nations’ World Intellectual Property Organization and a member of the Center for Intellectual Property Understanding; "Drawn-Out Negotiations Over Covid IP Will Blow Back on Biden," Barron’s; 5/26/21; https://www.barrons.com/articles/drawn-out-negotiations-over-covid-ip-will-blow-back-on-biden-51621973675~~ Justin AND helping export our surplus vaccine doses and vaccine ingredients to countries in need. Infrastructure secures the grid against worsening and increasing cyberattacks.Carney 21 ~Chris; 8/6/21; Senior policy advisor at Nossaman LLC, former US Representative, former professor of political science at Penn State University; "The US Senate Infrastructure Bill: Securing Our Electrical Grid Through P3s and Grants," JDSupra, https://www.jdsupra.com/legalnews/the-us-senate-infrastructure-bill-4989100/~~ Justin AND partnerships and grants, the nation can quickly secure its infrastructure from cyberattacks. Cyberattacks on the grid spiral to all-out nuclear conflict.Klare 19 ~Michael; November 2019; Professor emeritus of peace and world security studies at Hampshire College; "Cyber Battles, Nuclear Outcomes? Dangerous New Pathways to Escalation," Arms Control Association, https://www.armscontrol.org/act/2019-11/features/cyber-battles-nuclear-outcomes-dangerous-new-pathways-escalation~~ Justin AND such attacks "could lead to major conflict and possibly nuclear war."14 | 9/19/21 |
SO- Innovation DATournament: Loyola | Round: 2 | Opponent: Eden Prairie AG | Judge: Sinha, Abhinav 5Pharma innovation high now – monetary incentive is the biggest factor.Swagel 21 Phillip L. Swagel, Director of the Congressional budget office 4-xx-2021, "Research and Development in the Pharmaceutical Industry," Congressional Budget Office, https://www.cbo.goc/publication/57126~~#'idTextAnchor020 SJDA AND drugs), and conducting postapproval testing for safety-monitoring or marketing purposes. The aff crushes innovation in the pharma sector—-incentivizes them to focus on non-important issues.Glassman 21 ~Amanda; 5/6/21; Executive vice president and a senior fellow at the Center for Global Development, a nonpartisan, nonprofit think tank in Washington and London; "Big Pharma Is Not the Tobacco Industry," Barron, https://www.barrons.com/articles/big-pharma-is-not-the-tobacco-industry-51620315693~~ Justin AND by ponying up cash to vaccinate the entire world. No confiscation necessary. Pharma Innovation prevents Extinction – checks new diseases.Engelhardt 8, H. Tristram. Innovation and the pharmaceutical industry: critical reflections on the virtues of profit. M and M Scrivener Press, 2008 (doctorate in philosophy (University of Texas at Austin), M.D. (Tulane University), professor of philosophy (Rice University), and professor emeritus at Baylor College of Medicine) AND profit in medicine and especially in the pharmaceutical and medical-device industries. Pharma spills-over – has cascading global impacts that are necessary for human survival.NAS 8 National Academy of Sciences 12-3-2008 "The Role of the Life Sciences in Transforming America's Future Summary of a Workshop" Re-cut by Elmer AND biological processes at work in the oceans can humans live sustainably on earth. | 12/4/21 |
SO- Innovation DA vs BiocolonialismTournament: Valley Round Robin | Round: 2 | Opponent: Sequoia AS | Judge: Panel Pharma innovation high now – monetary incentive is the biggest factor. AND drugs), and conducting postapproval testing for safety-monitoring or marketing purposes. The most efficacious mainstream drugs come from Indigenous Knowledge – empirics are on our side. AND are often moved and maintained as cultivated or wild/cultivated medical resources. Chinese Tribal Medicine proves Compatibility and our Innovation Links. AND advance other areas of innovative TK may do well to follow China's example. Pharma Innovation prevents Extinction – checks new diseases. AND profit in medicine and especially in the pharmaceutical and medical-device industries. Pharma spills-over – has cascading global impacts that are necessary for human survival. AND biological processes at work in the oceans can humans live sustainably on earth. Extinction outweighs AND with the benefit of keeping one’s options open while one gains new information. | 9/24/21 |
SO- Liquidity DATournament: Valley | Round: Doubles | Opponent: Princeton DR | Judge: Panel 3Liquidity stays robust in 2021 despite challenges – status-quo ensures declines are controlled.Lokeshwarri 21 ~SK; Chief of Research Bureau; "3 reasons why market liquidity will stay robust in 2021," BusinessLine; 1/3/21; https://www.thehindubusinessline.com/data-stories/deep-dive/3-reasons-why-market-liquidity-will-stay-robust-in-2021/article33487346.ece~~ Justin AND some extent, though it won’t have a material affect on investing behaviour. The plan collapses market liquidity – our evidence is super recent and really good.DiD- Difference in Difference AND . These results again support the parallel trends assumption of our DiD models. Statistics prove liquidity is key to long-term growth.Abdul-Khaliq 13 ~Shatha; Assistant Professor, AlBlqa Applied University, Jordan; "The Impact of Stock Market Liquidity on Economic Growth in Jordan," European Journal of Business and Management www.iiste.org; 2013; https://iiste.org/Journals/index.php/EJBM/article/viewFile/9456/9661~~#:~~:text=Focusing20on20liquidity2C20Bencivenga2C20et,key20role20in20economic20growth.andtext=By20facilitating20longer20term2C20more,for20long20term20economic20growth.~ Justin AND to penetrate the domestic economies, and thus help to increase economic growth. Growth solves extinction.Aschenbrenner 20 ~Leopold Aschenbrenner; Student in economics at Columbia University and research affiliate at the University of Oxford’s Global Priorities Institute; "Securing posterity," Works in Progress; 10/19/20; https://worksinprogress.co/issue/securing-posterity/~~ julian Re-Cut Justin AND elevated level of risk, meaning an eventual existential catastrophe would be inevitable. | 9/27/21 |
SO- Loans CPTournament: Grapevine | Round: 1 | Opponent: Westlake NB | Judge: Voudris, Stephan Loans CPCP text: The member nations of the WTO should:—-Loan an additional 4 billion dollars of additional funding to close the pre-purchase gap of 350 million vaccines to achieve world-wide immunity—-The World Bank should relax the conditions to receive a loan as per Goldberg 21—-Eliminate export restriction on critical medicines during pandemics.The CP solves pandemics better – the aff misidentifies the problem.Goldberg 20 ~PINELOPI KOUJIANOU; Former World Bank Group chief economist and editor-in-chief of the American Economic Review, Professor of Economics at Yale University; "Forget the Vaccine Patent Waiver," Project Syndicate; 5/13/21; https://www.project-syndicate.org/commentary/wto-vaccine-waiver-is-beside-the-point-by-pinelopi-koujianou-goldberg-2021-05~~ Justin AND funneling surpluses from high-income countries to the rest of the world. | 9/10/21 |
SO- Restrictions CPTournament: Grapevine | Round: Octas | Opponent: Plano East JN | Judge: Panel 3CP text: The member nations of the world trade organization should add more stringent requirements for filing secondary patents by requiring secondary patent filers to demonstrate increased efficacy as compared to the original. Solves all your offense by reducing purely strategic patents while permitting R and D for genuine improvements.Newsome 17, A ~(JD candidate George Washington School of Law). (2017). Side effects of evergreening may include decreased competition and increased prices in the pharmaceutical industry. AIPLA Quarterly Journal, 45(4), 791-822~ Justin AND could potentially conflict with the United States' TRIPS Agreement obligations with the WTO. Solves best.Newsome 17, A ~(JD candidate George Washington School of Law). (2017). Side effects of evergreening may include decreased competition and increased prices in the pharmaceutical industry. AIPLA Quarterly Journal, 45(4), 791-822~ Justin AND companies to enter the marketplace sooner and drive prices down through competition. 5z | 9/12/21 |
SO- Science Diplomacy CPTournament: Valley Round Robin | Round: 2 | Opponent: Sequoia AS | Judge: Panel Text: A nation appointed international panel of scientists including National Academies and corresponding organizations should ~reduce intellectual property protections by non-Indigenous groups for medicines derived from indigenous knowledge~ and manage similar conflicts of interest between intellectual property. International panel of science diplomats can rule over IP—-that’s key to science diplomacy. AND or funding agency panelists for the advancement of science toward the greater good. Solves every existential threat. AND can to foster collaboration. The future of human civilization depends on it. 2 Text: A nation appointed international panel of scientists including National Academies and corresponding organizations should ~reduce intellectual property protections by non-Indigenous groups for medicines derived from indigenous knowledge~ and manage similar conflicts of interest between intellectual property. International panel of science diplomats can rule over IP—-that’s key to science diplomacy. AND or funding agency panelists for the advancement of science toward the greater good. Solves every existential threat. AND can to foster collaboration. The future of human civilization depends on it. 2 Text: A nation appointed international panel of scientists including National Academies and corresponding organizations should ~reduce intellectual property protections by non-Indigenous groups for medicines derived from indigenous knowledge~ and manage similar conflicts of interest between intellectual property. International panel of science diplomats can rule over IP—-that’s key to science diplomacy. AND or funding agency panelists for the advancement of science toward the greater good. Solves every existential threat. AND can to foster collaboration. The future of human civilization depends on it. | 9/24/21 |
SO- Trademark PIC vs DiabetesTournament: Loyola | Round: Doubles | Opponent: Harrison AA | Judge: Panel 3CP Text: Member States of the WTO ought to reduce intellectual property predictions for diabetes medicines except trademarksThat solves the aff, their offense only deals with patents which drive up prices and undermine competition. Yes it’s competitive- WTO TRIPS agreement requires trademark protectionBuckley 13 Buckley, Gillian J. (The National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine | IOM · Institute of Medicine (IOM), and Lawrence O. Gostin, eds. "Countering the problem of falsified and substandard drugs." (2013)./SJKS AND public health" (Brant and Malpani, 2011, p. 23). Trademarks are the best IP to combat counterfeiting- enforcement and remedies are much better than patents aloneKonski 8 Antoinette Konski (Partner, Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Practice Foley and Lardner LLP), IP Strategies to Combat Distribution of Counterfeit Drugs, BIOPROCESS INT’L, 1, 4 (2008)/SJKS AND available in patent lawsuits and can lead to swift resolution of the action. TENS OF THOUSANDS DIE EACH YEAR AS THE RESULT OF FAKE DRUGSMagdun 21 Melanie Magdun (JD candidate, Indiana University of Law), Trademark Enforcement of Counterfeit Drugs: A Guardian of the Rich and Poor Alike, 9 Ind. J.L. and Soc. Equality 281 (2021)./SJKS AND popular for pharmaceutical companies, it will begin to attract additional counterfeiters.1 And online access exacerbates the counterfeit diabetes medicinesFincham 21 Fincham, Jack E. "Negative Consequences of the Widespread and Inappropriate Easy Access to Purchasing Prescription Medications on the Internet." American health and drug benefitsvol. 14,1 (2021): 22-28./SJKS AND injectable diabetes medications, and blood glucose test strips and measuring devices.27 Plan supercharges the impact- not every counterfeit drug is harmful and some are ineffective, but ineffective diabetes medicines kill. | 9/8/21 |
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