Southlake Carroll Pinjani Aff
| Tournament | Round | Opponent | Judge | Cites | Round Report | Open Source | Edit/Delete |
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| apple valley | 3 | isidore newman ee | claudia ribera |
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| apple valley | 6 | westwood ad | lawrence zhou |
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| apple valley | 1 | scarsdale jt | mark kivimaki |
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| apple valley | Triples | strake jesuit ms | jalyn wu, jenn melin, phoenix pittman |
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| apple valley | Doubles | lexington vm | jacob nails, animesh joshi, sarah botsch-mcguinn |
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| blue key | 2 | trinity prep mz | meera sehgal |
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| blue key | 3 | tej gedela | american heritage broward nr |
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| blue key | 6 | durham bg | moon roy |
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| florida blue key round robin | 3 | lexington vm | abhilash datti, raunak dua |
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| grapevine | 1 | cooper city nr | sam larson |
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| grapevine | 4 | coppell eh | margaret strong |
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| grapevine | Triples | perry ja | sam larson |
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| greenhill | 1 | harrison aa | rodrigo paramo |
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| greenhill | 3 | harvard westlake ic | felicity park |
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| greenhill | 6 | lexington ak | gordon krauss |
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| heart of texas | 2 | harker am | dillon johnson |
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| heart of texas | 4 | lexington ag | david herrera |
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| heart of texas | 5 | wenatchee jk | colin smith |
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| heart of texas | Doubles | harker mk | david dosch, danielle dosch, annabelle long |
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| loyola | 1 | millard north js | danielle dosch |
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| loyola | 4 | sequoia as | lena mizrahi |
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| loyola | 5 | eden prairie ag | julian kuffour |
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| nano nagle | 2 | marlborough ms | gordon krauss |
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| nano nagle | 4 | troy independent ap | carlos astacio |
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| nano nagle | 6 | prospect st | emmi malyugina |
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| plano senior clark invitational | 3 | plano west ts | eric mueller |
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| plano senior clark invitational | 2 | westwood ap | shelby randolph |
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| plano senior clark invitational | Quarters | westwood ad | phoenix pittman |
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| scarsdale | 2 | notre dame san jose ag | daniel zhang |
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| scarsdale | 4 | lexington aa | mariel cruz |
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| scarsdale | 5 | stuyvesant hj | daniel zhang |
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| scarsdale | Quarters | edgemont aj | beth behrend, sai karavadi, christopher pascall |
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| Tournament | Round | Report |
|---|---|---|
| apple valley | 3 | Opponent: isidore newman ee | Judge: claudia ribera 1ac - teachers |
| apple valley | 6 | Opponent: westwood ad | Judge: lawrence zhou 1ac - teachers |
| apple valley | 1 | Opponent: scarsdale jt | Judge: mark kivimaki 1ac - teachers |
| apple valley | Triples | Opponent: strake jesuit ms | Judge: jalyn wu, jenn melin, phoenix pittman 1ac - teachers |
| apple valley | Doubles | Opponent: lexington vm | Judge: jacob nails, animesh joshi, sarah botsch-mcguinn 1ac - teachers |
| blue key | 2 | Opponent: trinity prep mz | Judge: meera sehgal 1ac - teachers |
| blue key | 3 | Opponent: tej gedela | Judge: american heritage broward nr 1ac - US |
| blue key | 6 | Opponent: durham bg | Judge: moon roy 1ac - lay |
| florida blue key round robin | 3 | Opponent: lexington vm | Judge: abhilash datti, raunak dua 1ac- democracy |
| grapevine | 1 | Opponent: cooper city nr | Judge: sam larson 1ac - weed |
| grapevine | 4 | Opponent: coppell eh | Judge: margaret strong 1ac - weed |
| grapevine | Triples | Opponent: perry ja | Judge: sam larson 1ac - weed |
| greenhill | 1 | Opponent: harrison aa | Judge: rodrigo paramo 1ac - weed |
| greenhill | 3 | Opponent: harvard westlake ic | Judge: felicity park 1ac - weed |
| greenhill | 6 | Opponent: lexington ak | Judge: gordon krauss 1ac - weed |
| heart of texas | 2 | Opponent: harker am | Judge: dillon johnson 1ac - weed |
| heart of texas | 4 | Opponent: lexington ag | Judge: david herrera 1ac - weed |
| heart of texas | 5 | Opponent: wenatchee jk | Judge: colin smith 1ac - weed |
| heart of texas | Doubles | Opponent: harker mk | Judge: david dosch, danielle dosch, annabelle long 1ac - weed |
| loyola | 1 | Opponent: millard north js | Judge: danielle dosch 1ac - vaccines |
| loyola | 4 | Opponent: sequoia as | Judge: lena mizrahi 1ac - vaccines |
| loyola | 5 | Opponent: eden prairie ag | Judge: julian kuffour 1ac - weed |
| nano nagle | 2 | Opponent: marlborough ms | Judge: gordon krauss 1ac - weed |
| nano nagle | 4 | Opponent: troy independent ap | Judge: carlos astacio 1ac- weed |
| nano nagle | 6 | Opponent: prospect st | Judge: emmi malyugina 1ac - weed |
| plano senior clark invitational | 3 | Opponent: plano west ts | Judge: eric mueller 1ac - vaccines |
| plano senior clark invitational | 2 | Opponent: westwood ap | Judge: shelby randolph 1ac - lay |
| plano senior clark invitational | Quarters | Opponent: westwood ad | Judge: phoenix pittman 1ac - vaccines |
| scarsdale | 2 | Opponent: notre dame san jose ag | Judge: daniel zhang 1ac - teachers |
| scarsdale | 4 | Opponent: lexington aa | Judge: mariel cruz 1ac - teachers |
| scarsdale | 5 | Opponent: stuyvesant hj | Judge: daniel zhang 1ac - teachers |
| scarsdale | Quarters | Opponent: edgemont aj | Judge: beth behrend, sai karavadi, christopher pascall 1ac - lay |
To modify or delete round reports, edit the associated round.
Cites
| Entry | Date |
|---|---|
0 - contact infoTournament: any | Round: Finals | Opponent: any | Judge: any UPDATE - my 1ac cites aren't showing up for some reason, all versions of the aff will be os. Here's what isn't showing up you can reach me at Facebook - Enya Pinjani (preferred) enyapinjani@gmail.com if there are any questions about how things are disclosed on my wiki please feel free to reach out | 11/8/21 |
nd 1ac --- democracyTournament: florida blue key round robin | Round: 3 | Opponent: lexington vm | Judge: abhilash datti, raunak dua Democracy AffAdvantage – Democracy – LongGlobal democracy is collapsing now.Freedom House 3/3 ~Freedom House. Freedom House works to defend human rights and promote democratic change, with a focus on political rights and civil liberties. We act as a catalyst for freedom through a combination of analysis, advocacy, and action. Our analysis, focused on 13 central issues, is underpinned by our international program work. "New Report: The global decline in democracy has accelerated". 3-3-2021. . https://freedomhouse.org/article/new-report-global-decline-democracy-has-accelerated.~~ SJVM AND environments investigated government transgressions, and activists persisted in calling out undemocratic practices. The plan solves:Civic engagement – strikes increase democratic participation which reinvigorates democracy.McElwee 15 ~Sean; Research Associate at Demos; "How Unions Boost Democratic Participation," The American Prospect; 9/16/15; https://prospect.org/labor/unions-boost-democratic-participation/~~ Justin AND a broad swath of the middle class largely unrepresented in the political process." Corruption reduction – the right to strike fights concentration of power while reducing inequality.IER 17 ~Institute of Employment Rights. The IER exists to inform the debate around trade union rights and labour law by providing information, critical analysis, and policy ideas through our network of academics, researchers and lawyers. "UN Rights Expert: Right to strike is essential to democracy". 3-10-2017. . https://www.ier.org.uk/news/un-rights-expert-right-strike-essential-democracy/.~~ SJVM AND this right, and a negative obligation not to interfere with its exercise." Democratic backsliding causes extinction.Kendall-Taylor 16 ~Andrea; Deputy national intelligence officer for Russia and Eurasia at the National Intelligence Council, Senior associate in the Human Rights Initiative at the Center for Strategic and International Studies in Washington; "How Democracy’s Decline Would Undermine the International Order," CSIS; 7/15/16; https://www.csis.org/analysis/how-democracyE28099s-decline-would-undermine-international-order/~~ Justin AND Group of Developing Countries" within the United Nations to advocate their interests. DPT is empirically robust. Every counterexample crumbles under better historical analysis.Miller, PhD in IR, 19 AND treacherous one, leading us in exactly the opposite direction we should go. There is no other explanation for declining violence.Dafoe and Russett 13, Allen Dafoe and Bruce Russett, Assistant Professor of Political Science at Yale and Dean Acheson Research Professor of International Relations and Political Science at Yale, Assessing the Capitalist Peace, p.110, October 2013, ME) AND reason widely cited and regarded as one of the most productive research programs. The alternative to democracy is violent civil wars, ethnic cleansing, and genocide—-the best research confirmsCortright 13, David Cortright is the director of Policy Studies at the Kroc Institute for Peace Studies at the University of Notre Dame, Chair of the Board of Directors of the Fourth Freedom Forum, and author of 17 books, Kristen Wall is a Researcher and Analyst at the Kroc Institute, Conor Seyle is Associate Director of One Earth Future, Governance, Democracy, and Peace How State Capacity and Regime Type Influence the Prospects of War and Peace, http://oneearthfuture.org/sites/oneearthfuture.org/files//documents/publications/Cortright-Seyle-Wall-Paper.pdf AND cosmopolitanism and trade— "another trifecta" for liberal peace theory.99 Civic engagement via strikes is key to comprehensive climate action globally.Fisher and Nasrin 20 ~Dana R; Professor of Sociology and the Director of the Program for Society and the Environment at the University of Maryland. Her research focuses on questions related to democracy, activism, and environmentalism — most recently studying climate activism, protests, and the American Resistance. Her research employs a mixed-methods approach that integrates data collected through open-ended semi-structured interviews and participant observation with various forms of survey data; Sohana; University of Maryland, College Park, UMD, UMCP, University of Maryland College Park · Philip Merrill College of Journalism Master of Arts; "Climate activism and its effects," Wiley Interdisciplinary Review; October 2020; https://www.researchgate.net/publication/345455893'Climate'activism'and'its'effects~~ Justin AND large, most of these strikes involve relatively small proportions of overall populations. Warming causes extinctionSpecktor 19 ~Brandon writes about the science of everyday life for Live Science, and previously for Reader's Digest magazine, where he served as an editor for five years~ 6-4-2019, "Human Civilization Will Crumble by 2050 If We Don't Stop Climate Change Now, New Paper Claims," livescience, https://www.livescience.com/65633-climate-change-dooms-humans-by-2050.html Justin AND and perhaps "the end of human global civilization as we know it." Eroding democratic norms ensures rogue use of Artificial Intelligence for malicious purposes.Feldstein 19 – ~Steven Feldstein; Published by Johns Hopkins University Press; "The Road to Digital Unfreedom: How Artificial Intelligence is Reshaping Repression" January 2019; Volume 30; Issue 1; pg. 40-42; https://muse.jhu.edu/article/713721/pdf~~ JJ AND gradual democratic backsliding has become one of the most common routes to authoritarianism. AI causes extinction—complex viruses, human NLP, military GCR, multi-virus pandemics, blackmail, behavior influenceAlexey Turchin and David Denkenberger, ’18, existential risk researchers, "Classification of global catastrophic risks connected with artificial intelligence," AI and Society, https://link.springer.com/article/10.10072Fs00146-018-0845-5 recut by SC SD AND such systems into dangerous self-targeting weapons (Turchin and Denkenberger 2018b). Democracies are not a monolithic system—even if some democracies are problematic, ones with more accountability and civic engagement are less likely to engage in regional warfare, have armed conflict, etc.Cortright 13 ~David Cortright, American Scholar and peace activist, director of policy studies at the Kroc Institute for international peace studies at the university of Notre Dame and Chair of the Board of the Fourth Freedom forum, "How State Capacity and Regime Type Influence the prospects for war and peace, https://oefresearch.org/sites/default/files/documents/publications/Cortright-Seyle-Wall-Paper.pdf ~ JJ AND conflict and are part of the process through which good governance promotes peace. AdvocacyThus the plan – Resolved: A just government ought to recognize an unconditional right of workers to strike. CX checks theory interps to avoid frivolous debates – otherwise I get an I meet.Definition of unconditional right to strike:NLRB 85 ~National Labor Relations Board; "Legislative History of the Labor Management Relations Act, 1947: Volume 1," Jan 1985; https://play.google.com/store/books/details?id=7o1tA''v4xwCandrdid=book-7o1tA''v4xwCandrdot=1~~ Justin AND health and welfare of our people in order to attain a selfish end. Enforcement through IFAs is normal means – that solves credibility concerns and legal loopholes which encourages striking.Neill 12 ~Emily CM; "The Right to Strike: How the United States Reduces it to the Freedom to Strike and How International Framework Agreements can Redeem it," 1/1/12; Labor and Employment Law Forum Volume 2 Issue 2 Article 6; https://digitalcommons.wcl.american.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?referer=https://www.google.com/andhttpsredir=1andarticle=1047andcontext=lelb~~ Justin AND for workers, but not one afforded the status of a protected right. FrameworkDeath is the worst evilPaterson 03 – Department of Philosophy, Providence College, Rhode Island. (Craig, "A Life Not Worth Living?", Studies in Christian Ethics, http://sce.sagepub.com) AND the person, the very source and condition of all human possibility.82 Extinction is a distinct phenomenon that requires prior considerationBurke et al 16 Associate Professor of International and Political Studies @ UNSW, Australia, 2016 (Anthony, Stefanie Fishel is Assistant Professor, Department of Gender and Race Studies at the University of Alabama, Audra Mitchell is CIGI Chair in Global Governance and Ethics at the Balsillie School of International Affairs, Simon Dalby is CIGI Chair in the Political Economy of Climate Change at the Balsillie School of International Affairs, and, Daniel J. Levine is Assistant Professor of Political Science at the University of Alabama, "Planet Politics: Manifesto from the End of IR," Millennium: Journal of International Studies 1–25) AND which undermines the conditions of plurality that enables life on Earth to thrive. | 11/1/21 |
nd 1ac --- layTournament: blue key | Round: 6 | Opponent: durham bg | Judge: moon roy Resolved: A just government ought to recognize an unconditional right of workers to strike.Definition of unconditional right to strike:NLRB 85 ~National Labor Relations Board; "Legislative History of the Labor Management Relations Act, 1947: Volume 1," Jan 1985; https://play.google.com/store/books/details?id=7o1tA''v4xwCandrdid=book-7o1tA''v4xwCandrdot=1~~ Justin AND health and welfare of our people in order to attain a selfish end. I value morality per the usage of the word ought in the resolutionThus, the standard is maximizing expected well being.Pleasure and pain are intrinsically valuable – they’re where we reach the end of the line in matters of valueMoen 16 ~Ole Martin Moen, Research Fellow in Philosophy at University of Oslo "An Argument for Hedonism" Journal of Value Inquiry (Springer), 50 (2) 2016: 267–281~ SJDI AND places where we reach the end of the line in matters of value. Prefer additionally1~ Actor specificity:A – governments have to aggregate since collective actions necessarily benefit some people while hurting others either due to resource tradeoffs or scope of effect, deontic side constraints freeze action.2~ Util is a lexical pre-requisite to any other framework: Threats to bodily security and life preclude the ability for moral actors to effectively utilize and act upon other moral theories since they are in a constant state of crisis – that inhibits the ideal moral conditions which other theories presuppose.Contention 1 is DemocracyCivic engagement – strikes increase democratic participation which reinvigorates democracy.McElwee 15 ~Sean; Research Associate at Demos; "How Unions Boost Democratic Participation," The American Prospect; 9/16/15; https://prospect.org/labor/unions-boost-democratic-participation/~~ Justin AND a broad swath of the middle class largely unrepresented in the political process." Corruption reduction – the right to strike fights concentration of power while reducing inequality.IER 17 ~Institute of Employment Rights. The IER exists to inform the debate around trade union rights and labour law by providing information, critical analysis, and policy ideas through our network of academics, researchers and lawyers. "UN Rights Expert: Right to strike is essential to democracy". 3-10-2017. . https://www.ier.org.uk/news/un-rights-expert-right-strike-essential-democracy/.~~ SJVM AND this right, and a negative obligation not to interfere with its exercise." Democracies are not a monolithic system—even if some democracies are problematic, ones with more accountability and civic engagement are less likely to engage in regional warfare, have armed conflict, etc.Cortright 13 ~David Cortright, American Scholar and peace activist, director of policy studies at the Kroc Institute for international peace studies at the university of Notre Dame and Chair of the Board of the Fourth Freedom forum, "How State Capacity and Regime Type Influence the prospects for war and peace, https://oefresearch.org/sites/default/files/documents/publications/Cortright-Seyle-Wall-Paper.pdf ~ JJ AND conflict and are part of the process through which good governance promotes peace. Democratic backsliding causes extinction.Kendall-Taylor 16 ~Andrea; Deputy national intelligence officer for Russia and Eurasia at the National Intelligence Council, Senior associate in the Human Rights Initiative at the Center for Strategic and International Studies in Washington; "How Democracy’s Decline Would Undermine the International Order," CSIS; 7/15/16; https://www.csis.org/analysis/how-democracyE28099s-decline-would-undermine-international-order/~~ Justin AND Group of Developing Countries" within the United Nations to advocate their interests. Contention 2 is global warmingCivic engagement via strikes is key to comprehensive climate action globally.Fisher and Nasrin 20 ~Dana R; Professor of Sociology and the Director of the Program for Society and the Environment at the University of Maryland. Her research focuses on questions related to democracy, activism, and environmentalism — most recently studying climate activism, protests, and the American Resistance. Her research employs a mixed-methods approach that integrates data collected through open-ended semi-structured interviews and participant observation with various forms of survey data; Sohana; University of Maryland, College Park, UMD, UMCP, University of Maryland College Park · Philip Merrill College of Journalism Master of Arts; "Climate activism and its effects," Wiley Interdisciplinary Review; October 2020; https://www.researchgate.net/publication/345455893'Climate'activism'and'its'effects~~ Justin AND large, most of these strikes involve relatively small proportions of overall populations. Warming causes extinctionSpecktor 19 ~Brandon writes about the science of everyday life for Live Science, and previously for Reader's Digest magazine, where he served as an editor for five years~ 6-4-2019, "Human Civilization Will Crumble by 2050 If We Don't Stop Climate Change Now, New Paper Claims," livescience, https://www.livescience.com/65633-climate-change-dooms-humans-by-2050.html Justin AND and perhaps "the end of human global civilization as we know it." Enforcement through IFAs is normal means – that solves credibility concerns and legal loopholes which encourages striking.Neill 12 ~Emily CM; "The Right to Strike: How the United States Reduces it to the Freedom to Strike and How International Framework Agreements can Redeem it," 1/1/12; Labor and Employment Law Forum Volume 2 Issue 2 Article 6; https://digitalcommons.wcl.american.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?referer=https://www.google.com/andhttpsredir=1andarticle=1047andcontext=lelb~~ Justin AND for workers, but not one afforded the status of a protected right. | 11/1/21 |
nd 1ac --- lay v2Tournament: scarsdale | Round: Quarters | Opponent: edgemont aj | Judge: beth behrend, sai karavadi, christopher pascall I affirm the resolution "Resolved: A just government ought to recognize an unconditional right of workers to strike."I value morality per the usage of the word ought in the resolutionThus, the value criterion is maximizing expected wellbeing.Pleasure and pain are intrinsically valuable – they’re where we reach the end of the line in matters of valueMoen 16 ~Ole Martin Moen, Research Fellow in Philosophy at University of Oslo "An Argument for Hedonism" Journal of Value Inquiry (Springer), 50 (2) 2016: 267–281~ AND places where we reach the end of the line in matters of value. Prefer additionally — Governments have to use util since collective actions necessarily benefit some people while hurting others either due to resource tradeoffs or scope of effect.Contention 1 is teachersStatus Quo policies make the opportunity cost for teacher strikes too highCasey 20 Leo Casey, 12-2-2020, "The Teacher Strike: Conditions for Success," Dissent Magazine, https://www.dissentmagazine.org/online'articles/the-teacher-strike-conditions-for-success AND points, it will become difficult to mount or sustain a successful strike. Strikes empower unions and are successful achieving bargaining power, which keeps them in education.LawInfo 20 ~Peter Serdyukov, National University, La Jolla, California. 05/18/20, Teachers Unions and Collective Bargaining. https://www.lawinfo.com/resources/labor-law/teachers-unions-collective-bargaining.html~~ SC SD AND what kinds of allowances they enjoy in different states and distinct employment positions. Only strikes have proven successful in raising wages.Richards 19, ~Erin Richards, 6-18-19, "Strikes, pay raises and charter protests: America's teachers' exhausting, exhilarating year" https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/education/2019/06/18/teacher-pay-raises-strike-last-day-of-school-summer/1437210001/~~ SC SD AND the parents whose lives were most disrupted when teachers walked off the job. The teacher activism movement is a nation-wide force for social change. It’s successfully deconstructing privatization, inequality, and charter schools.Will 19 (Madeline, 3-5-2019, "How Teacher Strikes Are Changing," Education Week, https://www.edweek.org/teaching-learning/how-teacher-strikes-are-changing/2019/03) AG AND the future of our schools? What is the future of public education?" Educational innovation solves extinction.Serdyukov 17 Peter Serdyukov, National University, La Jolla, California. 03/27/2017. "Innovation in Education: What Works, What Doesn’t, and What to Do about It?" Journal of Research in Innovative Teaching and Learning, vol. 10, no. 1, pp. 4–33. AND appear wherever one turns in education" (Matthew, 1964, p. Contention 2 is democracyCivic engagement – strikes increase democratic participation which reinvigorates democracy.McElwee 15 ~Sean; Research Associate at Demos; "How Unions Boost Democratic Participation," The American Prospect; 9/16/15; https://prospect.org/labor/unions-boost-democratic-participation/~~ Justin AND a broad swath of the middle class largely unrepresented in the political process." Civic engagement via strikes is key to comprehensive climate action globally.Fisher and Nasrin 20 ~Dana R; Professor of Sociology and the Director of the Program for Society and the Environment at the University of Maryland. Her research focuses on questions related to democracy, activism, and environmentalism — most recently studying climate activism, protests, and the American Resistance. Her research employs a mixed-methods approach that integrates data collected through open-ended semi-structured interviews and participant observation with various forms of survey data; Sohana; University of Maryland, College Park, UMD, UMCP, University of Maryland College Park · Philip Merrill College of Journalism Master of Arts; "Climate activism and its effects," Wiley Interdisciplinary Review; October 2020; https://www.researchgate.net/publication/345455893'Climate'activism'and'its'effects~~ Justin AND large, most of these strikes involve relatively small proportions of overall populations. Corruption reduction – the right to strike fights concentration of power while reducing inequality.IER 17 ~Institute of Employment Rights. The IER exists to inform the debate around trade union rights and labour law by providing information, critical analysis, and policy ideas through our network of academics, researchers and lawyers. "UN Rights Expert: Right to strike is essential to democracy". 3-10-2017. . https://www.ier.org.uk/news/un-rights-expert-right-strike-essential-democracy/.~~ SJVM AND this right, and a negative obligation not to interfere with its exercise." DPT is empirically robust. Democracy prevents war and makes the world peaceful. Every counterexample crumbles under better historical analysis.Miller, PhD in IR, 19 AND treacherous one, leading us in exactly the opposite direction we should go. There is no other explanation for declining violence.Dafoe and Russett 13, Allen Dafoe and Bruce Russett, Assistant Professor of Political Science at Yale and Dean Acheson Research Professor of International Relations and Political Science at Yale, Assessing the Capitalist Peace, p.110, October 2013, ME) AND reason widely cited and regarded as one of the most productive research programs. | 11/15/21 |
nd 1ac --- teachers v2Tournament: apple valley | Round: 1 | Opponent: scarsdale jt | Judge: mark kivimaki 1acCurrent quality of education is sharply decreasing through teacher shortagesBoyce 19 Paul Boyce, 9-17-2019, "The Teacher Shortage Is Real and about to Get Much Worse. Here's Why," No Publication, https://fee.org/articles/the-teacher-shortage-is-real-and-about-to-get-much-worse-heres-why/ AND more of the difference in educational gains than race and parent education combined. Status Quo policies make the opportunity cost for teacher strikes too highCasey 20 Leo Casey, 12-2-2020, "The Teacher Strike: Conditions for Success," Dissent Magazine, https://www.dissentmagazine.org/online'articles/the-teacher-strike-conditions-for-success AND points, it will become difficult to mount or sustain a successful strike. That causes teachers uproot and quitting through unsatisfactionCarpenter 21 Jennifer Carpenter., 05-17-21, "Opinion: Protect local control for schools," Burlington Free Press, https://www.burlingtonfreepress.com/story/opinion/my-turn/2017/05/17/opinion-protect-local-control-schools/101726614/ AND impact on programs and teachers, would have devastating consequences on local communities. Strikes empower unions and are successful achieving bargaining power, which keeps them in education.LawInfo 20 ~Peter Serdyukov, National University, La Jolla, California. 05/18/20, Teachers Unions and Collective Bargaining. https://www.lawinfo.com/resources/labor-law/teachers-unions-collective-bargaining.html~~ SC SD AND what kinds of allowances they enjoy in different states and distinct employment positions. Only strikes have proven successful in raising wages.Richards 19, ~Erin Richards, 6-18-19, "Strikes, pay raises and charter protests: America's teachers' exhausting, exhilarating year" https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/education/2019/06/18/teacher-pay-raises-strike-last-day-of-school-summer/1437210001/~~ SC SD AND the parents whose lives were most disrupted when teachers walked off the job. Teacher strikes affect politics at the national level - increases educational focus.Will 10/27 (Madeline, citing working study by two Brown professors, 10-27-2021, "When Teachers Strike, Education Becomes More Prevalent in Political Campaigns, Study Finds," Education Week, https://www.edweek.org/teaching-learning/when-teachers-strike-education-becomes-more-prevalent-in-political-campaigns-study-finds/2021/10) AND order to provide what’s best for their students—helped galvanize public support. The teacher activism movement is a nation-wide force for social change. It’s successfully deconstructing privatization, inequality, and charter schools.Will 19 (Madeline, 3-5-2019, "How Teacher Strikes Are Changing," Education Week, https://www.edweek.org/teaching-learning/how-teacher-strikes-are-changing/2019/03) AG AND the future of our schools? What is the future of public education?" Educational innovation solves extinction.Serdyukov 17 Peter Serdyukov, National University, La Jolla, California. 03/27/2017. "Innovation in Education: What Works, What Doesn’t, and What to Do about It?" Journal of Research in Innovative Teaching and Learning, vol. 10, no. 1, pp. 4–33. AND appear wherever one turns in education" (Matthew, 1964, p. Growth advThe pandemic slowed growth, but it’s not irreversible – education improvement can turn the tide.Hanushek and Woessmann 20 (Eric, award-winning economist and PhD Economics @ MIT, and Ludger, Prof. Economics @ Ludwig Maximillian University of Munich, September 2021, "The Economic Impact of Learning Losses," https://www.oecd.org/education/The-economic-impacts-of-coronavirus-covid-19-learning-losses.pdf) AG AND inevitable if countries improve the learning gains of their students in the future. COVID put education funding on the brink. Kills growth and democracy.Goczek et al 21 (Lukasz, Professor of Macroeconomics @ University of Warsaw, Ewa Witkowska, and Bartosz Witkowski, 6/5/21, "How Does Education Quality Affect Economic Growth?" https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/13/11/6437) AG AND to inspiring innovation ~65~. Good education reduces poverty and promotes prosperity. Growth solves extinction.Aschenbrenner 20 ~Leopold Aschenbrenner; Student in economics at Columbia University and research affiliate at the University of Oxford’s Global Priorities Institute; "Securing posterity," Works in Progress; 10/19/20; https://worksinprogress.co/issue/securing-posterity/~~ julian Re-Cut Justin AND elevated level of risk, meaning an eventual existential catastrophe would be inevitable. DPT is empirically robust. Every counterexample crumbles under better historical analysis.Miller, PhD in IR, 19 AND treacherous one, leading us in exactly the opposite direction we should go. High-quality education solves sustainable development.WEF 15 (World Economic Forum, world-renowned economic/leadership organization, 5-19-2015, "Why education is the key to sustainable development," World Economic Forum, https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2015/05/why-education-is-the-key-to-sustainable-development/) AG AND many, rather than the few, we can stay on that path. Solves a laundry list of existential threats.Tom Cernev and Richard Fenner 20, Australian National University; Centre for Sustainable Development, Cambridge University Engineering Department, "The importance of achieving foundational Sustainable Development Goals in reducing global risk," Futures, Vol. 115, January 2020, Elsevier. Recut Justin AND climate change provides the backdrop against which all these interactions will play out. solvencyPlan text: A just government ought to recognize an unconditional right of teachers to strike.Definition of unconditional right to strike:NLRB 85 ~National Labor Relations Board; "Legislative History of the Labor Management Relations Act, 1947: Volume 1," Jan 1985; https://play.google.com/store/books/details?id=7o1tA''v4xwCandrdid=book-7o1tA''v4xwCandrdot=1~~ Justin AND health and welfare of our people in order to attain a selfish end. Amendment is normal meansBrudney 20 Brudney, J. J. (2020). The Right to Strike is Recognised as Customary International Law. Yale Law, 10–11. https://doi.org/10.5040/9781509933587.ch-011/SJKS AND articles in terms that are consistent with ILO application of that convention.49 FwDeath is the worst evilPaterson 03 – Department of Philosophy, Providence College, Rhode Island. (Craig, "A Life Not Worth Living?", Studies in Christian Ethics, http://sce.sagepub.com) AND the person, the very source and condition of all human possibility.82 Extinction is a distinct phenomenon that requires prior considerationBurke et al 16 Associate Professor of International and Political Studies @ UNSW, Australia, 2016 (Anthony, Stefanie Fishel is Assistant Professor, Department of Gender and Race Studies at the University of Alabama, Audra Mitchell is CIGI Chair in Global Governance and Ethics at the Balsillie School of International Affairs, Simon Dalby is CIGI Chair in the Political Economy of Climate Change at the Balsillie School of International Affairs, and, Daniel J. Levine is Assistant Professor of Political Science at the University of Alabama, "Planet Politics: Manifesto from the End of IR," Millennium: Journal of International Studies 1–25) AND which undermines the conditions of plurality that enables life on Earth to thrive. | 11/8/21 |
nd 1ac --- teachers v3Tournament: scarsdale | Round: 2 | Opponent: notre dame san jose ag | Judge: daniel zhang Current quality of education is sharply decreasing through teacher shortagesBoyce 19 Paul Boyce, 9-17-2019, "The Teacher Shortage Is Real and about to Get Much Worse. Here's Why," No Publication, https://fee.org/articles/the-teacher-shortage-is-real-and-about-to-get-much-worse-heres-why/ AND more of the difference in educational gains than race and parent education combined. Status Quo policies make the opportunity cost for teacher strikes too highCasey 20 Leo Casey, 12-2-2020, "The Teacher Strike: Conditions for Success," Dissent Magazine, https://www.dissentmagazine.org/online'articles/the-teacher-strike-conditions-for-success AND points, it will become difficult to mount or sustain a successful strike. That causes teachers uproot and quitting through unsatisfactionCarpenter 17 Jennifer Carpenter., 05-17-21, "Opinion: Protect local control for schools," Burlington Free Press, https://www.burlingtonfreepress.com/story/opinion/my-turn/2017/05/17/opinion-protect-local-control-schools/101726614/ AND impact on programs and teachers, would have devastating consequences on local communities. Strikes empower unions and are successful achieving bargaining power, which keeps them in education.LawInfo 20 ~Peter Serdyukov, National University, La Jolla, California. 05/18/20, Teachers Unions and Collective Bargaining. https://www.lawinfo.com/resources/labor-law/teachers-unions-collective-bargaining.html~~ SC SD AND what kinds of allowances they enjoy in different states and distinct employment positions. The pandemic slowed growth, but it’s not irreversible – education improvement can turn the tide.Hanushek and Woessmann 20 (Eric, award-winning economist and PhD Economics @ MIT, and Ludger, Prof. Economics @ Ludwig Maximillian University of Munich, September 2021, "The Economic Impact of Learning Losses," https://www.oecd.org/education/The-economic-impacts-of-coronavirus-covid-19-learning-losses.pdf) AG AND inevitable if countries improve the learning gains of their students in the future. COVID put education funding on the brink. Kills growth and democracy.Goczek et al 21 (Lukasz, Professor of Macroeconomics @ University of Warsaw, Ewa Witkowska, and Bartosz Witkowski, 6/5/21, "How Does Education Quality Affect Economic Growth?" https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/13/11/6437) AG AND to inspiring innovation ~65~. Good education reduces poverty and promotes prosperity. DPT is empirically robust. Every counterexample crumbles under better historical analysis.Miller, PhD in IR, 19 AND treacherous one, leading us in exactly the opposite direction we should go. High-quality education solves sustainable development.WEF 15 (World Economic Forum, world-renowned economic/leadership organization, 5-19-2015, "Why education is the key to sustainable development," World Economic Forum, https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2015/05/why-education-is-the-key-to-sustainable-development/) AG AND many, rather than the few, we can stay on that path. Solves a laundry list of existential threats.Tom Cernev and Richard Fenner 20, Australian National University; Centre for Sustainable Development, Cambridge University Engineering Department, "The importance of achieving foundational Sustainable Development Goals in reducing global risk," Futures, Vol. 115, January 2020, Elsevier. Recut Justin AND climate change provides the backdrop against which all these interactions will play out. SolvencyPlan text: A just government ought to recognize an unconditional right of teachers to strike.Amendment is normal meansBrudney 20 Brudney, J. J. (2020). The Right to Strike is Recognised as Customary International Law. Yale Law, 10–11. https://doi.org/10.5040/9781509933587.ch-011/SJKS AND articles in terms that are consistent with ILO application of that convention.49 Framing1~ Death is the worst evilPaterson 03 – Department of Philosophy, Providence College, Rhode Island. (Craig, "A Life Not Worth Living?", Studies in Christian Ethics, http://sce.sagepub.com) AND the person, the very source and condition of all human possibility.82 2~ Extinction is a distinct phenomenon that requires prior considerationBurke et al 16 Associate Professor of International and Political Studies @ UNSW, Australia, 2016 (Anthony, Stefanie Fishel is Assistant Professor, Department of Gender and Race Studies at the University of Alabama, Audra Mitchell is CIGI Chair in Global Governance and Ethics at the Balsillie School of International Affairs, Simon Dalby is CIGI Chair in the Political Economy of Climate Change at the Balsillie School of International Affairs, and, Daniel J. Levine is Assistant Professor of Political Science at the University of Alabama, "Planet Politics: Manifesto from the End of IR," Millennium: Journal of International Studies 1–25) AND which undermines the conditions of plurality that enables life on Earth to thrive. | 11/15/21 |
nd 1ac --- usTournament: blue key | Round: 3 | Opponent: tej gedela | Judge: american heritage broward nr 1acRight now is one of America’s last chances to successfully revive democracy. Russia and China failed at using COVID to promote authoritarian agenda, and Biden is the best suited to prevent democratic decline from going to the point of no return.Albright 10/19 ~MADELEINE K. ALBRIGHT is Chair of Albright Stonebridge Group. She served as U.S. Ambassador to the United Nations from 1993 to 1997 and as U.S. Secretary of State from 1997 to 2001, "The Coming Democratic Revival: America’s Opportunity to Lead the Fight Against Authoritarianism" Foreign Affiars, https://www.foreignaffairs.com/articles/world/2021-10-19/madeleine-albright-coming-democratic-revival~~#author-info, written 10/19/21~, SC EP AND seize. Although tattered and torn, freedom’s flag is ready to rise. The plan solves:Civic engagement – strikes increase democratic participation which reinvigorates democracy.McElwee 15 ~Sean; Research Associate at Demos; "How Unions Boost Democratic Participation," The American Prospect; 9/16/15; https://prospect.org/labor/unions-boost-democratic-participation/~~ Justin AND a broad swath of the middle class largely unrepresented in the political process." Corruption reduction – the right to strike fights concentration of power while reducing inequality.IER 17 ~Institute of Employment Rights. The IER exists to inform the debate around trade union rights and labour law by providing information, critical analysis, and policy ideas through our network of academics, researchers and lawyers. "UN Rights Expert: Right to strike is essential to democracy". 3-10-2017. . https://www.ier.org.uk/news/un-rights-expert-right-strike-essential-democracy/.~~ SJVM AND this right, and a negative obligation not to interfere with its exercise." 1ac - HegConsensus of the best theoretical and empirical research concludes US deep engagement deters conventional conflict and nuclear proliferation cascades that cause extinctionBrooks and Wohlforth ’16 – Professor of Government at Dartmouth College, PhD from Yale University AND a world with fewer nuclear states, notably increased US freedom of action. Maintenance of the ILO is key to reduce a host of existential threats – establishes great-power peace.Brands 18. ~(Hal Brands is a Henry Kissinger Distinguished Professor at Johns Hopkins University’s School of Advanced International Studies, Scholar at the American Enterprise Institute. "America’s Global Order Is Worth Fighting For, Bloomberg Opinion, Politics and Policy," August 14, 2018, Bloomberg. https://www.bloomberg.com/opinion/articles/2018-08-14/america-s-global-order-is-worth-fighting-for~~ TDI AND . is likely to remain the world’s strongest power for decades to come. US hegemony is sustainable and secure — BUT America’s role requires a continued commitment to democratic institutions that give it a structural edge over revisionist powersKroenig 20 — Matthew Kroenig (American political scientist, best-selling author, and an award-winning national security strategist. Professor in the Department of Government and the Edmund A. Walsh School of Foreign Service at Georgetown University), 2020, The Return of Great Power Rivalry: Democracy versus Autocracy from the Ancient World to the U.S. and China, ISBN 9780190080242 WJ AND . Democracy is the master variable that explains U.S. success. Democracies are not a monolithic system—even if some democracies are problematic, ones with more accountability and civic engagement are less likely to engage in regional warfare, have armed conflict, etc.Cortright 13 ~David Cortright, American Scholar and peace activist, director of policy studies at the Kroc Institute for international peace studies at the university of Notre Dame and Chair of the Board of the Fourth Freedom forum, "How State Capacity and Regime Type Influence the prospects for war and peace, https://oefresearch.org/sites/default/files/documents/publications/Cortright-Seyle-Wall-Paper.pdf ~ JJ AND conflict and are part of the process through which good governance promotes peace. 1ac – WarmingCivic engagement via strikes is key to comprehensive climate action globally.Fisher and Nasrin 20 ~Dana R; Professor of Sociology and the Director of the Program for Society and the Environment at the University of Maryland. Her research focuses on questions related to democracy, activism, and environmentalism — most recently studying climate activism, protests, and the American Resistance. Her research employs a mixed-methods approach that integrates data collected through open-ended semi-structured interviews and participant observation with various forms of survey data; Sohana; University of Maryland, College Park, UMD, UMCP, University of Maryland College Park · Philip Merrill College of Journalism Master of Arts; "Climate activism and its effects," Wiley Interdisciplinary Review; October 2020; https://www.researchgate.net/publication/345455893'Climate'activism'and'its'effects~~ Justin AND large, most of these strikes involve relatively small proportions of overall populations. Warming causes extinctionSpecktor 19 ~Brandon writes about the science of everyday life for Live Science, and previously for Reader's Digest magazine, where he served as an editor for five years~ 6-4-2019, "Human Civilization Will Crumble by 2050 If We Don't Stop Climate Change Now, New Paper Claims," livescience, https://www.livescience.com/65633-climate-change-dooms-humans-by-2050.html Justin AND and perhaps "the end of human global civilization as we know it." 1ac – SolvencyThus the plan: The United States ought to recognize an unconditional right of workers to strikeDefinition of unconditional right to strike:NLRB 85 ~National Labor Relations Board; "Legislative History of the Labor Management Relations Act, 1947: Volume 1," Jan 1985; https://play.google.com/store/books/details?id=7o1tA''v4xwCandrdid=book-7o1tA''v4xwCandrdot=1~~ Justin AND health and welfare of our people in order to attain a selfish end. Enforcement through IFAs is normal means – that solves credibility concerns and legal loopholes which encourages striking.Neill 12 ~Emily CM; "The Right to Strike: How the United States Reduces it to the Freedom to Strike and How International Framework Agreements can Redeem it," 1/1/12; Labor and Employment Law Forum Volume 2 Issue 2 Article 6; https://digitalcommons.wcl.american.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?referer=https://www.google.com/andhttpsredir=1andarticle=1047andcontext=lelb~~ Justin AND for workers, but not one afforded the status of a protected right. FWPleasure and pain are intrinsically valuable – they’re where we reach the end of the line in matters of valueMoen 16 ~Ole Martin Moen, Research Fellow in Philosophy at University of Oslo "An Argument for Hedonism" Journal of Value Inquiry (Springer), 50 (2) 2016: 267–281~ SJDI AND we reach the end of the line in matters of value. Thus, the standard is maximizing expected well being.Prefer:1~ Actor specificity:A – governments have to aggregate since collective actions necessarily benefit some people while hurting others either due to resource tradeoffs or scope of effect, deontic side constraints freeze action.2~ Util is a lexical pre-requisite to any other framework: Threats to bodily security and life preclude the ability for moral actors to effectively utilize and act upon other moral theories since they are in a constant state of crisis | 11/1/21 |
so 1ac -- vaccinesTournament: plano senior clark invitational | Round: 3 | Opponent: plano west ts | Judge: eric mueller 1AC – PlanPlan – The member nations of the World Trade Organization ought to reduce intellectual property protections for COVID-19 medicines.Moral uncertainty means preventing extinction should be our highest priority.Bostrom 12 ~(Nick Bostrom, Faculty of Philosophy and Oxford Martin School University of Oxford) "Existential Risk Prevention as Global Priority." Global Policy, 2012~ TDI These reflections on moral uncertainty suggest an alternative, complementary way of looking at existential risk; they also suggest a new way of thinking about the ideal of sustainability. Let me elaborate.¶ Our present understanding of axiology might well be confused. We may not now know — at least not in concrete detail — what outcomes would count as a big win for humanity; we might not even yet be able to imagine the best ends of our journey. If we are indeed profoundly uncertain about our ultimate aims, then we should recognize that there is a great option value in preserving — and ideally improving — our ability to recognize value and to steer the future accordingly. Ensuring that there will be a future version of humanity with great powers and a propensity to use them wisely is plausibly the best way available to us to increase the probability that the future will contain a lot of value. To do this, we must prevent any existential catastrophe.1AC – InherencyContention 1 is Inherency.Rich countries are blocking a WTO patent-waiver proposal necessary to boost global production of COVID vaccines.Meredith 21. ~(Sam Meredith is a Correspondent at CNBC in London, covering international politics, energy and business news) "Rich countries are refusing to waive the rights on Covid vaccines as global cases hit record levels," CNBC, April 22, 2021. https://www.cnbc.com/2021/04/22/covid-rich-countries-are-refusing-to-waive-ip-rights-on-vaccines.html~~ TDI AND is vital in the fight to prevent, treat and contain the coronavirus. The pandemic is raging through developing economies and inflicting loss on a horrific scale.Lindsey 21. ~(Brink Lindsey) "Why intellectual property and pandemics don’t mix," Brookings Institution, June 3, 2021. https://www.brookings.edu/blog/up-front/2021/06/03/why-intellectual-property-and-pandemics-dont-mix/~~ TDI AND of patent restrictions to enable new vaccine producers to make a positive difference. 1AC – WTO CredibilityContention 2 is WTO Credibility.The new head of the WTO is on track to push for reform and an increased role in the international arena, but is hindered now due to lack of vaccine agreement.Baschuk 4-27. ~(Bryce Baschuk is a Bloomberg Reporter) "WTO Chief Pursues a ‘Hectic’ Agenda to Fix World Trade’s Referee," Bloomberg, April 27, 2021. https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2021-04-27/wto-chief-pursues-a-hectic-agenda-to-fix-world-trade-s-referee~~ TDI AND have some capacity to begin producing vaccines for people living in developing economies. Patent waiver is necessary to revitalize WTO’s credibility as an international dispute mechanism – creates momentum for further reform.Meyer 6-18-21. ~(David Meyer is the Editor of CEO Daily and a senior writer on Fortune’s European team. Author of the digital rights primer, Control Shift: How Technology Affects You and Your Rights. "The WTO’s survival hinges on the COVID-19 vaccine patent debate, waiver advocates warn," Fortune, June 18, 2021. https://fortune.com/2021/06/18/wto-covid-vaccines-patents-waiver-south-africa-trips/~~ TDI AND impact not in starting discussions but in getting deals over the finish line." No alt causes – how the WTO acts now with Covid will shape its role in the international economy for decades to come.Evenett and Baldwin 20. ~(Simon J. Evenett is Professor of International Trade and Economic Development at the University of St. Gallen, Switzerland, and Co-Director of the CEPR Programme in International Trade and Regional Economics. Richard E. Baldwin is a professor of international economics at the Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies in Geneva. "Revitalising multilateral trade cooperation: Why? Why Now? And How?" November 10, 2020. https://voxeu.org/content/revitalising-multilateralism-pragmatic-ideas-new-wto-director-general~~ TDI AND century. Doing so will require revisiting the very purpose of the WTO. Specifically, action now over Covid creates goodwill to establish global trade as a norm and preserve the relevance of the trading system post-Covid.González 20. ~(Anabel Gonzalez is a nonresident senior fellow at the Peterson Institute and former Minister of Foreign Trade of Costa Rica "Revitalising multilateral trade cooperation: Why? Why Now? And How?" November 10, 2020. https://voxeu.org/content/revitalising-multilateralism-pragmatic-ideas-new-wto-director-general~~ TDI AND lawyers, but it can only operate within the limits set by politicians. Post Covid WTO legitimacy and credibility re necessary to prevent a downward spiral of protectionism.SolÃs 20. ~(Mireya SolÃs is director of the Center for East Asia Policy Studies, Philip Knight Chair in Japan Studies, and a senior fellow in the Foreign Policy program at Brookings. "The post COVID-19 world: Economic nationalism triumphant?" July 10, 2020. https://www.brookings.edu/blog/order-from-chaos/2020/07/10/the-post-covid-19-world-economic-nationalism-triumphant/~~ TDI AND in the current crisis, Japan has much to contribute to these efforts. Trade solves great power competition – regionalism causes militarized crises.Lake 18. ~(David Lake is a Professor of Social Sciences and Distinguished Professor of Political Science at the University of California, San Diego. "Economic Openness and Great Power Competition: Lessons for China and the United States," April 30, 2018. https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract'id=3171196/~~ TDI AND politics and grand strategy,14 and systemic theories of international relations.15 Independently, WTO cred solves nuclear war – allows an off-track for nuclear weapons.Hamann 09. ~(Georgia Hamann is a J.D. Candidate, Vanderbilt University Law School, "Replacing Slingshots with Swords: Implications of the Antigua-Gambling 22.6 Panel Report for Developing Countries and the World Trading System," 2009.~ TDI AND keenly aware of the responsibility they have to uphold the organization's credibility. 108 1AC – Developing EconomiesContention 3 is Developing Economies.Scenario 1 is India.India is in crisis – the recent COVID surge is fundamentally different from that of the past.Khullar 21. ~(Dhruv Khullar is a contributing writer at The New Yorker, where he writes primarily about medicine, health care, and politics. He is also a practicing physician and an assistant professor at Weill Cornell Medical College) "India’s Crisis Marks a New Phase in the Pandemic," The New Yorker, May 13, 2021. https://www.newyorker.com/science/medical-dispatch/indias-crisis-marks-a-new-phase-in-the-pandemic~~ TDI AND a great system if you think this is the last pandemic we’ll face." That causes Indo-Pak conflict escalation.Somos 20. ~Christy Somos is a CTVNews.ca Writer) "COVID-19 has escalated armed conflict in India, Pakistan, Iraq, Libya and the Philippines, study finds," CTV News, December 17, 2020. https://www.ctvnews.ca/world/covid-19-has-escalated-armed-conflict-in-india-pakistan-iraq-libya-and-the-philippines-study-finds-1.5236738~~ TDI AND crisis, which saw an increase of attacks by Taliban groups in May. Extinction.Roblin 21. ~(Sébastien Roblin holds a master’s degree in Conflict Resolution from Georgetown University and served as a university instructor for the Peace Corps in China, "If the Next India-Pakistan War Goes Nuclear, It Will Destroy the World," The National Interest, March 26, 2021. https://nationalinterest.org/blog/reboot/if-next-india-pakistan-war-goes-nuclear-it-will-destroy-world-181134~~ TDI AND New Delhi and Islamabad work together to change the nature of their relationship. Scenario 2 is South Africa.The third wave of the pandemic is fueling instability in South Africa.Egwu 21. ~(Patrick Egwu is a Nigerian freelance journalist currently based in Johannesburg, where he is an Open Society Foundations fellow at the University of the Witwatersrand) "South Africa’s Twin Crises Are Feeding Each Other," Foreign Policy, July 20, 2021. https://foreignpolicy.com/2021/07/20/south-africa-covid-19-struggles-deadly-third-wave-zuma-violence/~~ TDI AND least one dose of the vaccine, according to the Department of Health. COVID is pummeling South Africa’s fragile economy and fueling the worst rioting since 1994.Steinhauser and Parkinson 21. ~(Gabriele Steinhauser writes about politics and economics in southern Africa and beyond and helps manage The Wall Street Journal's reporters on the continent. Joe Parkinson is the Wall Street Journal’s Africa Bureau Chief, leading a team of correspondents chronicling business, policy and geopolitical trends across the continent. "Third Covid Wave Upends Fragile South Africa, a Warning for Developing World," The Wall Street Journal, July 19, 2021. https://www.wsj.com/articles/covid-pandemic-south-africa-riots-a-warning-for-developing-world-11626711622~~ TDI AND people to the brink of famine, according to the World Food Program. Africa instability goes nuclear.Mead 13. ~(Walter Mead is a James Clarke Chace Professor of Foreign Affairs and Humanities, Bard College) "Peace in The Congo? Why the World Should Care," The American Interest, December 15, 2013. https://www.the-american-interest.com/2013/12/15/peace-in-the-congo-why-the-world-should-care/ AND play much more direct role in potential crises of greater concern to us. The plan solves both scenarios and WTO IP rules are a barrier to scaled-up vaccine production.Pandey 21. ~(Ashutosh Pandey) "Rich countries block India, South Africa's bid to ban COVID vaccine patents," DW, April 2, 2021. https://www.dw.com/en/rich-countries-block-india-south-africas-bid-to-ban-covid-vaccine-patents/a-56460175 AND of production of vaccines and other much needed medical equipment in poor countries. | 8/30/21 |
so 1ac -- vaccines v2Tournament: plano senior clark invitational | Round: Quarters | Opponent: westwood ad | Judge: phoenix pittman 1ACPlan – The member nations of the World Trade Organization ought to reduce intellectual property protections for COVID-19 medicines.Extinction comes first!Pummer 15 ~Theron, Junior Research Fellow in Philosophy at St. Anne's College, University of Oxford. "Moral Agreement on Saving the World" Practical Ethics, University of Oxford. May 18, 2015~ AT AND be acting very wrongly." (From chapter 36 of On What Matters) Prefer it:1~ Actor specificity:A~ Aggregation – every policy benefits some and harms others, which also means side constraints freeze action.2~ Lexical pre-requisite: threats to bodily security preclude the ability for moral actors to effectively act upon other moral theories since they are in a constant state of crisis that inhibits the ideal moral conditions which other theories presuppose1AC – InherencyContention 1 is Inherency.Rich countries are blocking a WTO patent-waiver proposal necessary to boost global production of COVID vaccines.Meredith 21. ~(Sam Meredith is a Correspondent at CNBC in London, covering international politics, energy and business news) "Rich countries are refusing to waive the rights on Covid vaccines as global cases hit record levels," CNBC, April 22, 2021. https://www.cnbc.com/2021/04/22/covid-rich-countries-are-refusing-to-waive-ip-rights-on-vaccines.html~~ TDI AND is vital in the fight to prevent, treat and contain the coronavirus. The pandemic is raging through developing economies and inflicting loss on a horrific scale.Lindsey 21. ~(Brink Lindsey) "Why intellectual property and pandemics don’t mix," Brookings Institution, June 3, 2021. https://www.brookings.edu/blog/up-front/2021/06/03/why-intellectual-property-and-pandemics-dont-mix/~~ TDI AND of patent restrictions to enable new vaccine producers to make a positive difference. 1AC – WTO CredibilityContention 2 is WTO Credibility.The new head of the WTO is on track to push for reform and an increased role in the international arena, but is hindered now due to lack of vaccine agreement.Baschuk 4-27. ~(Bryce Baschuk is a Bloomberg Reporter) "WTO Chief Pursues a ‘Hectic’ Agenda to Fix World Trade’s Referee," Bloomberg, April 27, 2021. https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2021-04-27/wto-chief-pursues-a-hectic-agenda-to-fix-world-trade-s-referee~~ TDI AND have some capacity to begin producing vaccines for people living in developing economies. Patent waiver is necessary to revitalize WTO’s credibility as an international dispute mechanism – creates momentum for further reform.Meyer 6-18-21. ~(David Meyer is the Editor of CEO Daily and a senior writer on Fortune’s European team. Author of the digital rights primer, Control Shift: How Technology Affects You and Your Rights. "The WTO’s survival hinges on the COVID-19 vaccine patent debate, waiver advocates warn," Fortune, June 18, 2021. https://fortune.com/2021/06/18/wto-covid-vaccines-patents-waiver-south-africa-trips/~~ TDI AND impact not in starting discussions but in getting deals over the finish line." No alt causes – how the WTO acts now with Covid will shape its role in the international economy for decades to come.Evenett and Baldwin 20. ~(Simon J. Evenett is Professor of International Trade and Economic Development at the University of St. Gallen, Switzerland, and Co-Director of the CEPR Programme in International Trade and Regional Economics. Richard E. Baldwin is a professor of international economics at the Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies in Geneva. "Revitalising multilateral trade cooperation: Why? Why Now? And How?" November 10, 2020. https://voxeu.org/content/revitalising-multilateralism-pragmatic-ideas-new-wto-director-general~~ TDI AND century. Doing so will require revisiting the very purpose of the WTO. Specifically, action now over Covid creates goodwill to establish global trade as a norm and preserve the relevance of the trading system post-Covid.González 20. ~(Anabel Gonzalez is a nonresident senior fellow at the Peterson Institute and former Minister of Foreign Trade of Costa Rica "Revitalising multilateral trade cooperation: Why? Why Now? And How?" November 10, 2020. https://voxeu.org/content/revitalising-multilateralism-pragmatic-ideas-new-wto-director-general~~ TDI AND lawyers, but it can only operate within the limits set by politicians. Post Covid WTO legitimacy and credibility re necessary to prevent a downward spiral of protectionism.SolÃs 20. ~(Mireya SolÃs is director of the Center for East Asia Policy Studies, Philip Knight Chair in Japan Studies, and a senior fellow in the Foreign Policy program at Brookings. "The post COVID-19 world: Economic nationalism triumphant?" July 10, 2020. https://www.brookings.edu/blog/order-from-chaos/2020/07/10/the-post-covid-19-world-economic-nationalism-triumphant/~~ TDI AND in the current crisis, Japan has much to contribute to these efforts. Trade solves great power competition – regionalism causes militarized crises.Lake 18. ~(David Lake is a Professor of Social Sciences and Distinguished Professor of Political Science at the University of California, San Diego. "Economic Openness and Great Power Competition: Lessons for China and the United States," April 30, 2018. https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract'id=3171196/~~ TDI AND politics and grand strategy,14 and systemic theories of international relations.15 Independently, WTO cred solves nuclear war – allows an off-track for nuclear weapons.Hamann 09. ~(Georgia Hamann is a J.D. Candidate, Vanderbilt University Law School, "Replacing Slingshots with Swords: Implications of the Antigua-Gambling 22.6 Panel Report for Developing Countries and the World Trading System," 2009.~ TDI AND keenly aware of the responsibility they have to uphold the organization's credibility. 108 1AC – Developing EconomiesContention 3 is Developing Economies.Scenario 1 is India.India is in crisis – the recent COVID surge is fundamentally different from that of the past.Khullar 21. ~(Dhruv Khullar is a contributing writer at The New Yorker, where he writes primarily about medicine, health care, and politics. He is also a practicing physician and an assistant professor at Weill Cornell Medical College) "India’s Crisis Marks a New Phase in the Pandemic," The New Yorker, May 13, 2021. https://www.newyorker.com/science/medical-dispatch/indias-crisis-marks-a-new-phase-in-the-pandemic~~ TDI AND a great system if you think this is the last pandemic we’ll face." That causes Indo-Pak conflict escalation.Somos 20. ~Christy Somos is a CTVNews.ca Writer) "COVID-19 has escalated armed conflict in India, Pakistan, Iraq, Libya and the Philippines, study finds," CTV News, December 17, 2020. https://www.ctvnews.ca/world/covid-19-has-escalated-armed-conflict-in-india-pakistan-iraq-libya-and-the-philippines-study-finds-1.5236738~~ TDI AND crisis, which saw an increase of attacks by Taliban groups in May. Extinction.Roblin 21. ~(Sébastien Roblin holds a master’s degree in Conflict Resolution from Georgetown University and served as a university instructor for the Peace Corps in China, "If the Next India-Pakistan War Goes Nuclear, It Will Destroy the World," The National Interest, March 26, 2021. https://nationalinterest.org/blog/reboot/if-next-india-pakistan-war-goes-nuclear-it-will-destroy-world-181134~~ TDI AND New Delhi and Islamabad work together to change the nature of their relationship. Scenario 2 is South Africa.The third wave of the pandemic is fueling instability in South Africa.Egwu 21. ~(Patrick Egwu is a Nigerian freelance journalist currently based in Johannesburg, where he is an Open Society Foundations fellow at the University of the Witwatersrand) "South Africa’s Twin Crises Are Feeding Each Other," Foreign Policy, July 20, 2021. https://foreignpolicy.com/2021/07/20/south-africa-covid-19-struggles-deadly-third-wave-zuma-violence/~~ TDI AND least one dose of the vaccine, according to the Department of Health. COVID is pummeling South Africa’s fragile economy and fueling the worst rioting since 1994.Steinhauser and Parkinson 21. ~(Gabriele Steinhauser writes about politics and economics in southern Africa and beyond and helps manage The Wall Street Journal's reporters on the continent. Joe Parkinson is the Wall Street Journal’s Africa Bureau Chief, leading a team of correspondents chronicling business, policy and geopolitical trends across the continent. "Third Covid Wave Upends Fragile South Africa, a Warning for Developing World," The Wall Street Journal, July 19, 2021. https://www.wsj.com/articles/covid-pandemic-south-africa-riots-a-warning-for-developing-world-11626711622~~ TDI AND people to the brink of famine, according to the World Food Program. Africa instability goes nuclear.Mead 13. ~(Walter Mead is a James Clarke Chace Professor of Foreign Affairs and Humanities, Bard College) "Peace in The Congo? Why the World Should Care," The American Interest, December 15, 2013. https://www.the-american-interest.com/2013/12/15/peace-in-the-congo-why-the-world-should-care/ AND play much more direct role in potential crises of greater concern to us. The plan solves both scenarios and WTO IP rules are a barrier to scaled-up vaccine production.Pandey 21. ~(Ashutosh Pandey) "Rich countries block India, South Africa's bid to ban COVID vaccine patents," DW, April 2, 2021. https://www.dw.com/en/rich-countries-block-india-south-africas-bid-to-ban-covid-vaccine-patents/a-56460175 AND of production of vaccines and other much needed medical equipment in poor countries. UvInnovation slowing – failing clinical trials, drug prices, econ recovery.Langley 4/21 ~(Kare, reporter for The Wall Street Journal in New York, where she primarily covers the U.S. stock market), "Biotech Stocks Fall Out of Favor After Disappointing Trial Results, Big Rally ", WSJ, 4/21/2021, https://www.wsj.com/amp/articles/biotech-stocks-fall-out-of-favor-after-disappointing-trial-results-big-rally-11619016330~~ TDI AND , where hefty bills for research and development can arrive long before revenue. IP is worse for innovation— it favors developed countries and prevents innovation through imitation.Chao and Mody 15 ~(Tiffany E, Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA) (Gita N, Program in Global Surgery and Social Change, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA) "The impact of intellectual property regulation on global medical technology innovation," BMJ Journals, 3/5/15. https://innovations.bmj.com/content/1/2/49~~ TDI AND technologies can be and will continue to be developed outside of these limitations. Non-US IP and patents stifle innovation; unnecessary expenses and IP violations.University of Notre Dame 19 ~(University of Notre Dame, One of America’s leading undergraduate teaching institutions, Notre Dame also has been at the forefront in research and scholarship.) "Intellectual Property Rights: The Good, The Bad, and China" University of Notre Dame, Law and Entrepreneurship, 2/25/19. http://sites.nd.edu/entrepreneurlaw/2019/02/25/intellectual-property-rights-the-good-the-bad-and-china/~~ TDI AND sidelines hoping that the legal system will prevail in protecting their IP rights. IP for biotech is bad— its nonspecific on patents and how it should be developed.Pisano 06 ~(Gary P., he Harry E. Figgie, Jr. Professor of Business Administration at the Harvard Business School where he currently serves as Senior Associate Dean for Faculty Development. He joined the Harvard faculty in 1988.) "Can Science Be a Business?: Lessons from Biotech" Harvard Business Review, October 2006. https://hbr.org/2006/10/can-science-be-a-business-lessons-from-biotech~~ TDI AND impedes the pace of learning in the sector, as we shall see. | 8/30/21 |
so 1ac -- vaccines v3Tournament: loyola | Round: 1 | Opponent: millard north js | Judge: danielle dosch 1AC – PlanPlan – The member nations of the World Trade Organization ought to reduce intellectual property protections for COVID-19 medicines.Pleasure and pain are intrinsically valuableMoen 16 ~(Ole Martin Moen, Research Fellow in Philosophy at University of Oslo) "An Argument for Hedonism," Journal of Value Inquiry (Springer), 50 (2) 2016: 267–281, https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10790-015-9506-9~~ SM AND places where we reach the end of the line in matters of value. Extinction outweighsPummer 15 ~Theron, Junior Research Fellow in Philosophy at St. Anne's College, University of Oxford. "Moral Agreement on Saving the World" Practical Ethics, University of Oxford. May 18, 2015~ AT AND be acting very wrongly." (From chapter 36 of On What Matters) 1AC – InherencyContention 1 is Inherency.Rich countries are blocking a WTO patent-waiver proposal necessary to boost global production of COVID vaccines.Meredith 21. ~(Sam Meredith is a Correspondent at CNBC in London, covering international politics, energy and business news) "Rich countries are refusing to waive the rights on Covid vaccines as global cases hit record levels," CNBC, April 22, 2021. https://www.cnbc.com/2021/04/22/covid-rich-countries-are-refusing-to-waive-ip-rights-on-vaccines.html~~ TDI AND is vital in the fight to prevent, treat and contain the coronavirus. The pandemic is raging through developing economies and inflicting loss on a horrific scale.Lindsey 21. ~(Brink Lindsey) "Why intellectual property and pandemics don’t mix," Brookings Institution, June 3, 2021. https://www.brookings.edu/blog/up-front/2021/06/03/why-intellectual-property-and-pandemics-dont-mix/~~ TDI AND of patent restrictions to enable new vaccine producers to make a positive difference. The new head of the WTO is on track to push for reform and an increased role in the international arena, but is hindered now due to lack of vaccine agreement.Baschuk 4-27. ~(Bryce Baschuk is a Bloomberg Reporter) "WTO Chief Pursues a ‘Hectic’ Agenda to Fix World Trade’s Referee," Bloomberg, April 27, 2021. https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2021-04-27/wto-chief-pursues-a-hectic-agenda-to-fix-world-trade-s-referee~~ TDI AND have some capacity to begin producing vaccines for people living in developing economies. 1ac - hegRussia and China are already ahead in vaccine diplomacy to further their national interests and the U.S. is falling behind from IPR which is uniquely worse than from any other heg scenario because COVID vaccines are used for decades.Pratt and Levin 21 ~Simon Frankel Pratt is a lecturer in the School of Sociology, Politics, and International Studies at the University of Bristol, Jamie Levin is an assistant professor of political science at St. Francis Xavier University in Canada, "Vaccines Will Shape the New Geopolitical Order," Foreign Policy, April 29, 2021, https://foreignpolicy.com/2021/04/29/vaccine-geopolitics-diplomacy-israel-russia-china/~~ SC EP AND realign with current adversaries and as previous partners rise in power and assertiveness. A coordinated global resolution to the pandemic facilitated by the WTO is key to maintaining US primacy and beating back China’s progress in a post-COVID world.Stokes and Williamson 20 ~Doug Stokes is a Senior Associate Fellow at RUSI and professor of International Security and Strategy at the University of Exeter, he studied at the University of London and the University of Bristol, where he completed his Ph.D. in International Relations in 2003, Martin Williamson, entre for Advanced International Studies, University of Exeter, UK, "The United States, China and the WTO after Coronavirus," https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7543319/~~ SC EP AND be a poorer and more troubled place if indeed this is what emerges. Maintenance of the ILO is key to reduce a host of existential threats – establishes great-power peace.Brands 18. ~(Hal Brands is a Henry Kissinger Distinguished Professor at Johns Hopkins University’s School of Advanced International Studies, Scholar at the American Enterprise Institute. "America’s Global Order Is Worth Fighting For, Bloomberg Opinion, Politics and Policy," August 14, 2018, Bloomberg. https://www.bloomberg.com/opinion/articles/2018-08-14/america-s-global-order-is-worth-fighting-for~~ TDI AND . is likely to remain the world’s strongest power for decades to come. 1ac - credibilityPatent waiver is necessary to revitalize WTO’s credibility as an international dispute mechanism – creates momentum for further reform.Meyer 6-18-21. ~(David Meyer is the Editor of CEO Daily and a senior writer on Fortune’s European team. Author of the digital rights primer, Control Shift: How Technology Affects You and Your Rights. "The WTO’s survival hinges on the COVID-19 vaccine patent debate, waiver advocates warn," Fortune, June 18, 2021. https://fortune.com/2021/06/18/wto-covid-vaccines-patents-waiver-south-africa-trips/~~ TDI AND impact not in starting discussions but in getting deals over the finish line." No alt causes – how the WTO acts now with Covid will shape its role in the international economy for decades to come.Evenett and Baldwin 20. ~(Simon J. Evenett is Professor of International Trade and Economic Development at the University of St. Gallen, Switzerland, and Co-Director of the CEPR Programme in International Trade and Regional Economics. Richard E. Baldwin is a professor of international economics at the Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies in Geneva. "Revitalising multilateral trade cooperation: Why? Why Now? And How?" November 10, 2020. https://voxeu.org/content/revitalising-multilateralism-pragmatic-ideas-new-wto-director-general~~ TDI AND century. Doing so will require revisiting the very purpose of the WTO. Specifically, action now over Covid creates goodwill to establish global trade as a norm and preserve the relevance of the trading system post-Covid.González 20. ~(Anabel Gonzalez is a nonresident senior fellow at the Peterson Institute and former Minister of Foreign Trade of Costa Rica "Revitalising multilateral trade cooperation: Why? Why Now? And How?" November 10, 2020. https://voxeu.org/content/revitalising-multilateralism-pragmatic-ideas-new-wto-director-general~~ TDI AND lawyers, but it can only operate within the limits set by politicians. Trade rules outlined by the WTO provides global compliance for US to pursue national security efforts.Sohn ND ~Department of International Trade, University of Incheon, Korea, "Does the international trade help to enhance national security?," https://faculty.washington.edu/karyiu/confer/sea05/papers/sohn'yeo.pdf~~ SC EP AND Finally, Agreement on Government Procurement (GPA) allows national security exceptions. 1AC – Developing EconomiesScenario 1 is India.India is in crisis – the recent COVID surge is fundamentally different from that of the past.Khullar 21. ~(Dhruv Khullar is a contributing writer at The New Yorker, where he writes primarily about medicine, health care, and politics. He is also a practicing physician and an assistant professor at Weill Cornell Medical College) "India’s Crisis Marks a New Phase in the Pandemic," The New Yorker, May 13, 2021. https://www.newyorker.com/science/medical-dispatch/indias-crisis-marks-a-new-phase-in-the-pandemic~~ TDI AND a great system if you think this is the last pandemic we’ll face." That causes Indo-Pak conflict escalation.Somos 20. ~Christy Somos is a CTVNews.ca Writer) "COVID-19 has escalated armed conflict in India, Pakistan, Iraq, Libya and the Philippines, study finds," CTV News, December 17, 2020. https://www.ctvnews.ca/world/covid-19-has-escalated-armed-conflict-in-india-pakistan-iraq-libya-and-the-philippines-study-finds-1.5236738~~ TDI AND crisis, which saw an increase of attacks by Taliban groups in May. Extinction.Roblin 21. ~(Sébastien Roblin holds a master’s degree in Conflict Resolution from Georgetown University and served as a university instructor for the Peace Corps in China, "If the Next India-Pakistan War Goes Nuclear, It Will Destroy the World," The National Interest, March 26, 2021. https://nationalinterest.org/blog/reboot/if-next-india-pakistan-war-goes-nuclear-it-will-destroy-world-181134~~ TDI AND New Delhi and Islamabad work together to change the nature of their relationship. Scenario 2 is pandemicsThe rate of vaccinations between the global north and south is increasing at a disproportionate rate. IP laws are barriers leaving millions unvaccinatedUN 21 ~"Unequal Vaccine Distribution Self-Defeating, World Health Organization Chief Tells Economic and Social Council’s Special Ministerial Meeting," United Nations, April 16, 2021, https://www.un.org/press/en/2021/ecosoc7039.doc.htm~~ SC EP AND . The meeting also heard from the Observer Mission of the Holy See. Vaccine poverty leaves millions unvaccinated, which increases the possibility of variants. Scientifically proven.UPH 21 ~UnityPoint Health is one of the nation's most integrated health systems. Our physician-led team of professionals communicates clearly and effectively to address a patient's health care in the most appropriate setting: whether that is a clinic, a hospital or at home. Through relationships with more than 280 physician clinics, 29 hospitals in metropolitan and rural communities and home care services throughout its 8 regions, including: Cedar Rapids, Des Moines, Dubuque, Fort Dodge, Peoria, Quad Cities, Sioux City and Waterloo. UnityPoint Health provides care throughout Iowa and Illinois, Why Viruses Mutate, Explained by an Infectious Disease Expert, Unity Point Health, July 12, 2021, https://www.unitypoint.org/article.aspx?id=db428f77-6e61-497b-91ce-1317a3396dd8~~ SC EP AND , and scientists must work together around the world to track emerging variants. And, pandemics cause extinction.Ranu Dhillon 17, instructor at Harvard Medical School and a physician at Brigham and Women’s Hospital in Boston. He works on building health systems in developing countries and served as an advisor to the president of Guinea during the Ebola epidemic instructor at Harvard Medical School and a physician at Brigham and Women’s Hospital in Boston. He works on building health systems in developing countries and served as an advisor to the president of Guinea during the Ebola epidemic, Harvard Business Review, 3-15-17, "The World Is Completely Unprepared for a Global Pandemic", https://hbr.org/2017/03/the-world-is-completely-unprepared-for-a-global-pandemic AND .S. secretary of defense, thinks could rival nuclear weapons in deadliness Even if no extinction impact, a new variant will kill 2.5 billion peopleSinclair 21 ~Freelance Journalist from London, UK. Bylines: The Guardian, DAZED, VICE, Stylist Magazine, Black Ballad, Future Covid variant that could kill 1 in 3 is ‘realistic possibility’, SAGE warns, Evening Standard, July 31, 2021, https://www.standard.co.uk/news/uk/covid-new-variant-kill-one-in-3-sage-study-b948565.html~~ SC EP AND resistant variants while uncontrolled spread here could lead to yet another UK variant." | 9/4/21 |
so 1ac --- weedTournament: loyola | Round: 5 | Opponent: eden prairie ag | Judge: julian kuffour | 9/10/21 |
so 1ac --- weed v2Tournament: grapevine | Round: 1 | Opponent: cooper city nr | Judge: sam larson | 9/11/21 |
so 1ac --- weed v3Tournament: heart of texas | Round: 4 | Opponent: lexington ag | Judge: david herrera The current WTO patent system is locking in global cannabis monopolies.Kellner 21 "Mitigating the Effects of Intellectual Property Colonialism on Budding Cannabis Markets" Hughie Kellner ~Hughie Kellner came from the small farm town of Uvalde, Texas and received a bachelor’s degree in Physics from the University of Texas at Austin. Upon graduation from the Indiana University Maurer School of Law, Hughie will deploy his physics degree while prosecuting patents in the Frankfurt am Main, Germany office of Leydig, Voit, and Mayer. After Hughie’s first year at Maurer, he worked for a law firm in Thailand as a Stewart Fellow.~ Indiana Journal of Global Legal Studies Vol. 28 ~#1 (Winter 2021) https://www.repository.law.indiana.edu/ijgls/vol28/iss1/9/ SM AND , the inventor could create an economic climate close to a global monopoly. Thailand proves – the world is trending towards legalization but big pharma patents lock in cannabis monopolies and crowd out local growth.Kellner 21 "Mitigating the Effects of Intellectual Property Colonialism on Budding Cannabis Markets" Hughie Kellner ~Hughie Kellner came from the small farm town of Uvalde, Texas and received a bachelor’s degree in Physics from the University of Texas at Austin. Upon graduation from the Indiana University Maurer School of Law, Hughie will deploy his physics degree while prosecuting patents in the Frankfurt am Main, Germany office of Leydig, Voit, and Mayer. After Hughie’s first year at Maurer, he worked for a law firm in Thailand as a Stewart Fellow.~ Indiana Journal of Global Legal Studies Vol. 28 ~#1 (Winter 2021) https://www.repository.law.indiana.edu/ijgls/vol28/iss1/9/ SM AND , as a resolution to the Canadian recusal from the UN Single Convention. Big pharma leverages cannabis patents to block out competition and secure monopoly – decks medical marijuana accessBarnett 20 Hailey A. Barnett ~J.D. candidate 2020, Tulane University Law School; B.A. 2017, Communication, cum laude, Texas AandM University.~, "High Risk, High Reward: Patent Law's Effects on the Medical Marijuana Industry," Tulane Journal of Technology and Intellectual Property 22 (2020): 125-164 https://heinonline.org/HOL/LandingPage?handle=hein.journals/tuljtip22anddiv=8andid=andpage= SM AND of wealthy, powerful entities to ensure smaller entities are not marginalized.219 Monopolies kill cannabis biodiversity which throttles medical marijuana advances and industry innovation.Barnett 20 Hailey A. Barnett ~J.D. candidate 2020, Tulane University Law School; B.A. 2017, Communication, cum laude, Texas AandM University.~, "High Risk, High Reward: Patent Law's Effects on the Medical Marijuana Industry," Tulane Journal of Technology and Intellectual Property 22 (2020): 125-164 https://heinonline.org/HOL/LandingPage?handle=hein.journals/tuljtip22anddiv=8andid=andpage= SM AND effects on that country's biodiversity and its rights to that biodiversity.2 50 Monopolies kill market growth and disincentivize innovation.Gunelius 20 "How Big Business, Monopolies and Stacked Licenses Impact the Marijuana Industry," February 7, 2020, Originally published 3/4/17, Susan Gunelius is President and CEO of KeySplash Creative, Inc. https://www.cannabiz.media/blog/how-big-business-monopolies-and-stacked-licenses-impact-the-marijuana-industry SM AND over the long-term as well as ongoing innovation and product accessibility. Medical marijuana is key to resolving opioid pain reliever prescriptions – biggest internal link to addiction and overuseBlake 20 ~Dwight K Blake, Founder of American Marijuana, 15 years of experience in mental health counseling and addiction treatment.~ "Medical marijuana reduces opioid prescribing rate," American Marijuana, March 24, 2020, https://americanmarijuana.org/medical-marijuana-solution-to-opioid-epidemic/ ~note: charts/images omitted~ TG AND have shown an average reduction rate of opioid consumption by 5.21. The opioid crisis risks massively destructive terrorism – synthetic opioids can be weaponized and spreadMorell 17 (Michael Morell, the former Acting Director and Deputy Director of the Central Intelligence Agency, is one of our nation's leading national security professionals, with extensive experience in intelligence and foreign policy. During his 33-year career at CIA, Michael served as Deputy Director for over three years, served twice as Acting Director, served for two years as the Director of Intelligence, the Agency's top analyst, and for two years as Executive Director, the CIA's top administrator.)("The Opioid Crisis Becomes a National Security Threat", July 26, 2017, https://www.thecipherbrief.com/column'article/opioid-crisis-becomes-national-security-threat) AND – particularly when it is so easy to see what might be coming. Developments and attacks are coming now – spurs inter-state wars AND non-state actors which ensure escalation – taboo eroded, empirics prove, tech and motive are hereHenry de Quetteville et al 18. Special Correspondent @Telegraph, Technology. Former foreign correspondent in France, the Balkans and the Middle East., citing James Giordano, professor of neurology, chief of the Neuroethics Studies Program, and co-director of the O’Neill-Pellegrino Program in Brain Science and Global Health Law and Policy at Georgetown University Medical Center. He is an member of the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency’s panel on neuroethics, legal, and social issues, and serves as a senior science advisory fellow to the Joint Staff at the Pentagon. His latest book is Neurotechnology in National Security and Defense: Practical Considerations, Neuroethical Concerns (CRC Press), citing Gavin Williamson, UK Secretary of Defense, citing Aimen Dean, also known as Ramzi is a Bahrainian man who was a founding member of al-Qaeda. In 1998, he joined the Secret Intelligence Service and became an MI6 spy, citing Hamish de Bretton-Gordon, a chemical weapons expert and chief operating officer of SecureBio Limited. He was formerly a British Army officer for 23 years and commanding officer of the UK's CBRN Regiment and NATO's Rapid Reaction CBRN Battalion, August 3, 2018, "The rise of biological and chemical weapons After Salisbury, how ready is the UK?", https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/rise-of-biological-chemical-weapons/. Rez AND total? $26.2 billion per 100,000 persons exposed. Nuke war causes extinction – Ice Age, famines, and war won’t stay limitedEdwards 17 ~Paul N. Edwards, CISAC’s William J. Perry Fellow in International Security at Stanford’s Freeman Spogli Institute for International Studies. Being interviewed by EarthSky. How nuclear war would affect Earth’s climate. September 8, 2017. earthsky.org/human-world/how-nuclear-war-would-affect-earths-climate~ Note, we are only reading parts of the interview that are directly from Paul Edwards — MMG AND two nuclear powers would stay limited to these smaller, less destructive bombs. Chemical WMDs cause extinction – one incident is enoughGander 18, Kashmira. Citing the Global Catastrophic Risks Foundation’s Global Challenges Annual Report, edited by Martin Rees, UK Astronomer Royal, and Co-founder, Cambridge Centre for the Study of Existential Risk, and whose section on chemical warfare was reviewed by Angela Kane, Senior Fellow at the Vienna Centre for Disarmament and Non-Proliferation, visiting Professor at Sciences Po Paris, and former High Representative for Disarmament Affairs at the United Nations. 10-31-2018. "Experts reveal the nine most likely ways the world will end." Newsweek. https://www.newsweek.com/how-will-world-end-experts-reveal-9-most-likely-ways-humans-will-be-wiped-out-1194616. Rez. AND it could "cause a pandemic of unprecedented proportions," the report stated. Plan – the member nations of the World Trade Organization ought to delay patent enforcement for cannabis.Kellner 21 "Mitigating the Effects of Intellectual Property Colonialism on Budding Cannabis Markets" Hughie Kellner ~Hughie Kellner came from the small farm town of Uvalde, Texas and received a bachelor’s degree in Physics from the University of Texas at Austin. Upon graduation from the Indiana University Maurer School of Law, Hughie will deploy his physics degree while prosecuting patents in the Frankfurt am Main, Germany office of Leydig, Voit, and Mayer. After Hughie’s first year at Maurer, he worked for a law firm in Thailand as a Stewart Fellow.~ Indiana Journal of Global Legal Studies Vol. 28 ~#1 (Winter 2021) https://www.repository.law.indiana.edu/ijgls/vol28/iss1/9/ SM AND be achieved through controlling varying means and portions of the patent application process. The plan solves by reigning in monopolies without killing innovation.Kellner 21 "Mitigating the Effects of Intellectual Property Colonialism on Budding Cannabis Markets" Hughie Kellner ~Hughie Kellner came from the small farm town of Uvalde, Texas and received a bachelor’s degree in Physics from the University of Texas at Austin. Upon graduation from the Indiana University Maurer School of Law, Hughie will deploy his physics degree while prosecuting patents in the Frankfurt am Main, Germany office of Leydig, Voit, and Mayer. After Hughie’s first year at Maurer, he worked for a law firm in Thailand as a Stewart Fellow.~ Indiana Journal of Global Legal Studies Vol. 28 ~#1 (Winter 2021) https://www.repository.law.indiana.edu/ijgls/vol28/iss1/9/ SM AND cannot monopolize their innovations, and are thus placed on an equal footing. fwDeath is the worst evilPaterson 03 – Department of Philosophy, Providence College, Rhode Island. (Craig, "A Life Not Worth Living?", Studies in Christian Ethics, http://sce.sagepub.com) AND the person, the very source and condition of all human possibility.82 Moreover, only pleasure and pain are intrinsically valuable. All other values can be explained with reference to pleasure; Occam’s razor requires us to treat these as instrumentally valuable.Moen 16 ~(Ole Martin Moen, Research Fellow in Philosophy at University of Oslo) "An Argument for Hedonism," Journal of Value Inquiry (Springer), 50 (2) 2016: 267–281, https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10790-015-9506-9~~ TDI AND why do they tend to point toward pleasure and away from pain?27 Extinction is a distinct phenomenon that requires prior considerationBurke et al 16 Associate Professor of International and Political Studies @ UNSW, Australia, 2016 (Anthony, Stefanie Fishel is Assistant Professor, Department of Gender and Race Studies at the University of Alabama, Audra Mitchell is CIGI Chair in Global Governance and Ethics at the Balsillie School of International Affairs, Simon Dalby is CIGI Chair in the Political Economy of Climate Change at the Balsillie School of International Affairs, and, Daniel J. Levine is Assistant Professor of Political Science at the University of Alabama, "Planet Politics: Manifesto from the End of IR," Millennium: Journal of International Studies 1–25) AND which undermines the conditions of plurality that enables life on Earth to thrive. Prefer additionally:1~ Aspec – other moral theories freeze action – obviously every policy action will hurt someone. Real world policy makers use util which takes out skep and your aspec.UV1~ 1ar theory is legit – it’s dtd, no rvis, competing interps, and highest layer - 1AR are too short to make up for the time trade-off – no RVIs – 6 min 2NR means they can brute force me every time | 10/17/21 |
so 1ac --- weed v4Tournament: heart of texas | Round: Doubles | Opponent: harker mk | Judge: david dosch, danielle dosch, annabelle long 1acThe current WTO patent system is locking in global cannabis monopolies.Kellner 21 "Mitigating the Effects of Intellectual Property Colonialism on Budding Cannabis Markets" Hughie Kellner ~Hughie Kellner came from the small farm town of Uvalde, Texas and received a bachelor’s degree in Physics from the University of Texas at Austin. Upon graduation from the Indiana University Maurer School of Law, Hughie will deploy his physics degree while prosecuting patents in the Frankfurt am Main, Germany office of Leydig, Voit, and Mayer. After Hughie’s first year at Maurer, he worked for a law firm in Thailand as a Stewart Fellow.~ Indiana Journal of Global Legal Studies Vol. 28 ~#1 (Winter 2021) https://www.repository.law.indiana.edu/ijgls/vol28/iss1/9/ SM AND , the inventor could create an economic climate close to a global monopoly. Thailand proves – the world is trending towards legalization but big pharma patents lock in cannabis monopolies and crowd out local growth.Kellner 21 "Mitigating the Effects of Intellectual Property Colonialism on Budding Cannabis Markets" Hughie Kellner ~Hughie Kellner came from the small farm town of Uvalde, Texas and received a bachelor’s degree in Physics from the University of Texas at Austin. Upon graduation from the Indiana University Maurer School of Law, Hughie will deploy his physics degree while prosecuting patents in the Frankfurt am Main, Germany office of Leydig, Voit, and Mayer. After Hughie’s first year at Maurer, he worked for a law firm in Thailand as a Stewart Fellow.~ Indiana Journal of Global Legal Studies Vol. 28 ~#1 (Winter 2021) https://www.repository.law.indiana.edu/ijgls/vol28/iss1/9/ SM AND , as a resolution to the Canadian recusal from the UN Single Convention. Big pharma leverages cannabis patents to block out competition and secure monopoly – decks medical marijuana accessBarnett 20 Hailey A. Barnett ~J.D. candidate 2020, Tulane University Law School; B.A. 2017, Communication, cum laude, Texas AandM University.~, "High Risk, High Reward: Patent Law's Effects on the Medical Marijuana Industry," Tulane Journal of Technology and Intellectual Property 22 (2020): 125-164 https://heinonline.org/HOL/LandingPage?handle=hein.journals/tuljtip22anddiv=8andid=andpage= SM AND of wealthy, powerful entities to ensure smaller entities are not marginalized.219 Monopolies kill cannabis biodiversity which throttles medical marijuana advances and industry innovation.Barnett 20 Hailey A. Barnett ~J.D. candidate 2020, Tulane University Law School; B.A. 2017, Communication, cum laude, Texas AandM University.~, "High Risk, High Reward: Patent Law's Effects on the Medical Marijuana Industry," Tulane Journal of Technology and Intellectual Property 22 (2020): 125-164 https://heinonline.org/HOL/LandingPage?handle=hein.journals/tuljtip22anddiv=8andid=andpage= SM AND effects on that country's biodiversity and its rights to that biodiversity.2 50 Monopolies kill market growth and disincentivize innovation.Gunelius 20 "How Big Business, Monopolies and Stacked Licenses Impact the Marijuana Industry," February 7, 2020, Originally published 3/4/17, Susan Gunelius is President and CEO of KeySplash Creative, Inc. https://www.cannabiz.media/blog/how-big-business-monopolies-and-stacked-licenses-impact-the-marijuana-industry SM AND over the long-term as well as ongoing innovation and product accessibility. Medical marijuana is key to resolving opioid pain reliever prescriptions – biggest internal link to addiction and overuseBlake 20 ~Dwight K Blake, Founder of American Marijuana, 15 years of experience in mental health counseling and addiction treatment.~ "Medical marijuana reduces opioid prescribing rate," American Marijuana, March 24, 2020, https://americanmarijuana.org/medical-marijuana-solution-to-opioid-epidemic/ ~note: charts/images omitted~ TG AND have shown an average reduction rate of opioid consumption by 5.21. The opioid crisis risks massively destructive terrorism – synthetic opioids can be weaponized and spreadMorell 17 (Michael Morell, the former Acting Director and Deputy Director of the Central Intelligence Agency, is one of our nation's leading national security professionals, with extensive experience in intelligence and foreign policy. During his 33-year career at CIA, Michael served as Deputy Director for over three years, served twice as Acting Director, served for two years as the Director of Intelligence, the Agency's top analyst, and for two years as Executive Director, the CIA's top administrator.)("The Opioid Crisis Becomes a National Security Threat", July 26, 2017, https://www.thecipherbrief.com/column'article/opioid-crisis-becomes-national-security-threat) AND – particularly when it is so easy to see what might be coming. Developments and attacks are coming now – spurs inter-state wars AND non-state actors which ensure escalation – taboo eroded, empirics prove, tech and motive are hereHenry de Quetteville et al 18. Special Correspondent @Telegraph, Technology. Former foreign correspondent in France, the Balkans and the Middle East., citing James Giordano, professor of neurology, chief of the Neuroethics Studies Program, and co-director of the O’Neill-Pellegrino Program in Brain Science and Global Health Law and Policy at Georgetown University Medical Center. He is an member of the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency’s panel on neuroethics, legal, and social issues, and serves as a senior science advisory fellow to the Joint Staff at the Pentagon. His latest book is Neurotechnology in National Security and Defense: Practical Considerations, Neuroethical Concerns (CRC Press), citing Gavin Williamson, UK Secretary of Defense, citing Aimen Dean, also known as Ramzi is a Bahrainian man who was a founding member of al-Qaeda. In 1998, he joined the Secret Intelligence Service and became an MI6 spy, citing Hamish de Bretton-Gordon, a chemical weapons expert and chief operating officer of SecureBio Limited. He was formerly a British Army officer for 23 years and commanding officer of the UK's CBRN Regiment and NATO's Rapid Reaction CBRN Battalion, August 3, 2018, "The rise of biological and chemical weapons After Salisbury, how ready is the UK?", https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/rise-of-biological-chemical-weapons/. Rez AND total? $26.2 billion per 100,000 persons exposed. Nuke war causes extinction – Ice Age, famines, and war won’t stay limitedEdwards 17 ~Paul N. Edwards, CISAC’s William J. Perry Fellow in International Security at Stanford’s Freeman Spogli Institute for International Studies. Being interviewed by EarthSky. How nuclear war would affect Earth’s climate. September 8, 2017. earthsky.org/human-world/how-nuclear-war-would-affect-earths-climate~ Note, we are only reading parts of the interview that are directly from Paul Edwards — MMG AND two nuclear powers would stay limited to these smaller, less destructive bombs. Chemical WMDs cause extinction – one incident is enoughGander 18, Kashmira. Citing the Global Catastrophic Risks Foundation’s Global Challenges Annual Report, edited by Martin Rees, UK Astronomer Royal, and Co-founder, Cambridge Centre for the Study of Existential Risk, and whose section on chemical warfare was reviewed by Angela Kane, Senior Fellow at the Vienna Centre for Disarmament and Non-Proliferation, visiting Professor at Sciences Po Paris, and former High Representative for Disarmament Affairs at the United Nations. 10-31-2018. "Experts reveal the nine most likely ways the world will end." Newsweek. https://www.newsweek.com/how-will-world-end-experts-reveal-9-most-likely-ways-humans-will-be-wiped-out-1194616. Rez. AND it could "cause a pandemic of unprecedented proportions," the report stated. Plan – the member nations of the World Trade Organization ought to delay patent enforcement for cannabis.Kellner 21 "Mitigating the Effects of Intellectual Property Colonialism on Budding Cannabis Markets" Hughie Kellner ~Hughie Kellner came from the small farm town of Uvalde, Texas and received a bachelor’s degree in Physics from the University of Texas at Austin. Upon graduation from the Indiana University Maurer School of Law, Hughie will deploy his physics degree while prosecuting patents in the Frankfurt am Main, Germany office of Leydig, Voit, and Mayer. After Hughie’s first year at Maurer, he worked for a law firm in Thailand as a Stewart Fellow.~ Indiana Journal of Global Legal Studies Vol. 28 ~#1 (Winter 2021) https://www.repository.law.indiana.edu/ijgls/vol28/iss1/9/ SM AND be achieved through controlling varying means and portions of the patent application process. The plan solves by reigning in monopolies without killing innovation.Kellner 21 "Mitigating the Effects of Intellectual Property Colonialism on Budding Cannabis Markets" Hughie Kellner ~Hughie Kellner came from the small farm town of Uvalde, Texas and received a bachelor’s degree in Physics from the University of Texas at Austin. Upon graduation from the Indiana University Maurer School of Law, Hughie will deploy his physics degree while prosecuting patents in the Frankfurt am Main, Germany office of Leydig, Voit, and Mayer. After Hughie’s first year at Maurer, he worked for a law firm in Thailand as a Stewart Fellow.~ Indiana Journal of Global Legal Studies Vol. 28 ~#1 (Winter 2021) https://www.repository.law.indiana.edu/ijgls/vol28/iss1/9/ SM AND cannot monopolize their innovations, and are thus placed on an equal footing. FWDeath is the worst evilPaterson 03 – Department of Philosophy, Providence College, Rhode Island. (Craig, "A Life Not Worth Living?", Studies in Christian Ethics, http://sce.sagepub.com) AND the person, the very source and condition of all human possibility.82 Extinction is a distinct phenomenon that requires prior considerationBurke et al 16 Associate Professor of International and Political Studies @ UNSW, Australia, 2016 (Anthony, Stefanie Fishel is Assistant Professor, Department of Gender and Race Studies at the University of Alabama, Audra Mitchell is CIGI Chair in Global Governance and Ethics at the Balsillie School of International Affairs, Simon Dalby is CIGI Chair in the Political Economy of Climate Change at the Balsillie School of International Affairs, and, Daniel J. Levine is Assistant Professor of Political Science at the University of Alabama, "Planet Politics: Manifesto from the End of IR," Millennium: Journal of International Studies 1–25) AND which undermines the conditions of plurality that enables life on Earth to thrive. UVLegalization coming~Alwyn Scott, 9-19-21, Alwyn Scott is an American journalist. In 2010, he was named as a finalist for the Pulitzer Prize for editing a series of articles investigating the shutdown and sale of Washington Mutual, the largest U.S. bank to fail, and the foreclosure crisis. He has won numerous awards for writing and editing. "U.S. cannabis insurers get ready to roll as federal legalization nears." https://www.reuters.com/business/us-cannabis-insurers-get-ready-roll-federal-legalization-nears-2021-08-19/~~ SC SD AND necessary coverage is going to be very, very successful," said Kogan. Legalization is bipartisan, politicians listen to people, and the people want marijuana.~Partnership Staff. November 2020. "Bipartisan Support for Marijuana Legalization Grows Across Country." https://drugfree.org/drug-and-alcohol-news/bipartisan-support-for-marijuana-legalization-grows-across-country/~~ SC SD Biden supports the waiving of up, the U.S. has reversed it’s decision and has full support from washington.Hunnicutt 5/6 ~works at Reuters, graduated from the University of Alabama, Biden decided to support IP waiver for vaccines -White House, Reuters, 5/6/21, https://www.reuters.com/business/healthcare-pharmaceuticals/biden-made-decision-support-ip-waiver-covid-19-vaccines-white-house-2021-05-06/~~ SC EP Cannabis is a medicine and treats painDiLonardo 19 ~Mary Jo. Medically reviewed by Laura J Martin, an MD.~ "CBD vs THC: What’s the difference?" WedMD, August 8, 2019, https://www.webmd.com/pain-management/cbd-thc-difference TG | 10/19/21 |
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