Sequoia Sawyer Neg
| Tournament | Round | Opponent | Judge | Cites | Round Report | Open Source | Edit/Delete |
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| Greenhill Fall Classic | 1 | Coppell HA | Chris Theis |
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| Greenhill Fall Classic | 5 | Strake KS | David Yi |
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| Greenhill Fall Classic | 4 | Harker DV | Rachel Mauchline |
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| Greenhill Fall Classic RR | 1 | Immaculate Heart BC | Jenn Melin, Rodrigo Paramo |
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| Greenhill Fall Classic RR | 2 | Sage Hill MP | Christopher Randall, Chris Castillo |
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| Greenhill Fall Classic RR | 5 | Harrison AC | Andrew Halverson, Ben Cortez |
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| Harvard Westlake Debates | 2 | Marlborough SK | Anish Ramireddy |
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| Harvard Westlake Debates | 3 | Dougherty Valley KM | Eric Deng |
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| Harvard Westlake Debates | 5 | Portola AS | Indu Pandey |
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| Loyola Invitational | 2 | Saratoga AG | Ben Cortez |
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| Loyola Invitational | 5 | Memorial SC | Gordon Krauss |
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| Loyola Invitational | Doubles | Westwood BJ | Claudia Ribera, David Dosch, Danielle Dosch |
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| Loyola Invitational | 4 | Southlake Carroll EP | Lena Mizrahi |
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| Mid America Cup | 3 | Harrison JP | Eric He |
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| Mid America Cup | 2 | Millard North NL | Maya Xia |
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| Mid America Cup | 6 | Iowa City West JS | James Stuckert |
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| Mid America Cup | Doubles | Lexington AK | James Stuckert, Lisa Boulais, Grant Brown |
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| Mid America Cup | Octas | Harrison AA | Jack Quisenberry, Victor Chen, Chris Theis |
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| Mid America Cup RR | 4 | Lake Highland Prep AV | Carlos Carrasco, Sam Larson |
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| Mid America Cup RR | 3 | BASIS Independent Silicon Valley SK | Aryan Jasani, Charles Karcher |
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| Nano Nagle Classic | 1 | Archbishop Mitty AB | Carlos Astacio |
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| Nano Nagle Classic | 4 | Samammish LW | Vanessa Nguyen |
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| Nano Nagle Classic | 5 | Southlake Carrol SD | Felicity Park |
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| Nano Nagle RR | 2 | Harker DV | Felicity Park |
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| Nano Nagle RR | 3 | Perry JA | Nick Fleming |
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| Peninsula Invitational | 2 | Harvard-Westlake NL | Jackson Frankwick |
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| Peninsula Invitational | 4 | Stockdale RP | Aryan Jasani |
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| Peninsula Invitational | 5 | Immaculate Heart SS | Savit Bhat |
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| debateLA Challenge | 2 | Strath Haven AM | Danielle Dosch, Truman Le |
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| debateLA Challenge | 3 | Harvard Westlake IC | Chris Theis, Rodrigo Paramo |
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| debateLA Challenge | 6 | Strath Haven AM | Rodrigo Paramo, Derek Hilligoss |
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| Tournament | Round | Report |
|---|---|---|
| Greenhill Fall Classic | 1 | Opponent: Coppell HA | Judge: Chris Theis 1ac - cap |
| Greenhill Fall Classic | 5 | Opponent: Strake KS | Judge: David Yi 1ac - pandemics |
| Greenhill Fall Classic | 4 | Opponent: Harker DV | Judge: Rachel Mauchline 1ac - eu whistleblowers |
| Greenhill Fall Classic RR | 1 | Opponent: Immaculate Heart BC | Judge: Jenn Melin, Rodrigo Paramo 1ac - CRISPR |
| Greenhill Fall Classic RR | 2 | Opponent: Sage Hill MP | Judge: Christopher Randall, Chris Castillo 1ac - cannabis |
| Greenhill Fall Classic RR | 5 | Opponent: Harrison AC | Judge: Andrew Halverson, Ben Cortez 1ac - biocolonialism |
| Harvard Westlake Debates | 2 | Opponent: Marlborough SK | Judge: Anish Ramireddy 1ac - global commons |
| Harvard Westlake Debates | 3 | Opponent: Dougherty Valley KM | Judge: Eric Deng 1ac - space resource fund mining |
| Harvard Westlake Debates | 5 | Opponent: Portola AS | Judge: Indu Pandey 1ac - mining |
| Loyola Invitational | 2 | Opponent: Saratoga AG | Judge: Ben Cortez 1ac - us covid aff |
| Loyola Invitational | 5 | Opponent: Memorial SC | Judge: Gordon Krauss 1ac - evergreening |
| Loyola Invitational | Doubles | Opponent: Westwood BJ | Judge: Claudia Ribera, David Dosch, Danielle Dosch 1ac - full res |
| Loyola Invitational | 4 | Opponent: Southlake Carroll EP | Judge: Lena Mizrahi 1ac - covid medicines |
| Mid America Cup | 3 | Opponent: Harrison JP | Judge: Eric He 1ac - women's health medicine |
| Mid America Cup | 2 | Opponent: Millard North NL | Judge: Maya Xia 1ac - us covid wavier |
| Mid America Cup | 6 | Opponent: Iowa City West JS | Judge: James Stuckert 1ac - polls afc private actor fiat |
| Mid America Cup | Doubles | Opponent: Lexington AK | Judge: James Stuckert, Lisa Boulais, Grant Brown 1ac - kant |
| Mid America Cup | Octas | Opponent: Harrison AA | Judge: Jack Quisenberry, Victor Chen, Chris Theis 1ac - women's health medicine |
| Mid America Cup RR | 4 | Opponent: Lake Highland Prep AV | Judge: Carlos Carrasco, Sam Larson 1ac - kant |
| Mid America Cup RR | 3 | Opponent: BASIS Independent Silicon Valley SK | Judge: Aryan Jasani, Charles Karcher 1ac - tricks synthetic biotech |
| Nano Nagle Classic | 1 | Opponent: Archbishop Mitty AB | Judge: Carlos Astacio 1ac - data exclusivity |
| Nano Nagle Classic | 4 | Opponent: Samammish LW | Judge: Vanessa Nguyen 1ac - covid vaccine aff |
| Nano Nagle Classic | 5 | Opponent: Southlake Carrol SD | Judge: Felicity Park 1ac - cannabis |
| Nano Nagle RR | 2 | Opponent: Harker DV | Judge: Felicity Park 1ac - public health emergencies |
| Nano Nagle RR | 3 | Opponent: Perry JA | Judge: Nick Fleming 1ac - medical touch |
| Peninsula Invitational | 2 | Opponent: Harvard-Westlake NL | Judge: Jackson Frankwick 1ac - whole res cap |
| Peninsula Invitational | 4 | Opponent: Stockdale RP | Judge: Aryan Jasani 1ac - megaconstillations |
| Peninsula Invitational | 5 | Opponent: Immaculate Heart SS | Judge: Savit Bhat 1ac - china |
| debateLA Challenge | 2 | Opponent: Strath Haven AM | Judge: Danielle Dosch, Truman Le 1ac - tourism |
| debateLA Challenge | 3 | Opponent: Harvard Westlake IC | Judge: Chris Theis, Rodrigo Paramo 1ac - cap |
| debateLA Challenge | 6 | Opponent: Strath Haven AM | Judge: Rodrigo Paramo, Derek Hilligoss 1ac - space tourism |
To modify or delete round reports, edit the associated round.
Cites
| Entry | Date |
|---|---|
0 - Contact InfoTournament: x | Round: 1 | Opponent: x | Judge: x | 10/30/21 |
0 - NavigationTournament: x | Round: 1 | Opponent: x | Judge: x | 10/30/21 |
0 - Note - Content WarningsTournament: x | Round: 1 | Opponent: x | Judge: x | 10/30/21 |
1 - Disclosure InterpsTournament: x | Round: 1 | Opponent: x | Judge: x Interpretation: Debaters must create a separate citation for each constructive position on their 2021-22 NDCA LD wiki page. To clarify, you can't make cite entries labelled by round like "R1 Yale NC" or put multiple under one heading. Interp: For each position on their corresponding 2021-22 NDCA LD wiki page, debaters must disclose a summary of each analytic argument in their cases. To clarify – you don’t have to include the full text of each, you just have to substitute them with a few words that summarize the thesis of the argument i.e. ‘actor specificity’ rather than ‘analytic’. Interpretation: Debaters must disclose all constructive positions in cite boxes on the 2021-22 NDCA LD wiki. To clarify, they can’t put “see open source.” Interpretation: If debaters disclose full text, they must not post the full text of the cards in the cite box, but must upload an open source document with the full text of their cards. To clarify, you don’t have to disclose highlighting or underlining, you just need an open source document with minimally the full, un-underlined text of cards Interp: Debaters must disclose round reports on the 2021-22 NDCA LD wiki for every round they have debated this season. Round reports disclose which positions (AC, NC, K, T, Theory, etc.) were read/gone for in 2NR. Interp – debaters must disclose all cards read on case on open source with highlighting on the 2021-22 NDCA LD wiki after the round in which they read them and before the next round they debate. | 10/30/21 |
1 - MisdisclosureTournament: Mid America Cup | Round: Doubles | Opponent: Lexington AK | Judge: James Stuckert, Lisa Boulais, Grant Brown 1Interp: The affirmative must correctly tell the negative which aff they will be reading, including any and all changes, within ten minutes of pairings being released.Violation: screenshots – they wouldn’t tell me if there was a util advantage or which Kant fw even 25min later - at 5min before, they still didn't tell me what util advantage or which Kant fw– said it was most similar to most recent on the wiki but its completely different – no util adv
Negate:1~ Prep and clash - they force us to spend pre-round prep prepping the wrong advantage which means I’m unprepared to engage - that decks clash and fairness2~ No offense for disclosure bad - they posted cites on the wiki for all their affs but didn't give us the correct advantages till 10 minutes before - the only offense was us not being able to anticipate or prep the right advantage pre round because they forced us to split our time - proves any responses are in bad faith3~ Academic integrity – you hide the aff for your own advantage which is the definition of being academically disingenuous. That’s a voter since it destroys the constitutive purpose of debate as an educational activity.Voters:Fairness and education are voters – debate’s a game that needs rules to evaluate it and education gives us portable skills for life like research and thinking.Drop the debater – a) they have a 7-6 rebuttal advantage and the 2ar to make args I can’t respond to, b) it deters future abuse and sets a positive norm.Use competing interps – a) reasonability invites arbitrary judge intervention since we don’t know your bs meter, b) collapses to competing interps – we justify 2 brightlines under an offense defense paradigm just like 2 interps.No RVIs – a) illogical – you shouldn’t win for being fair – it’s a litmus test for engaging in substance, b) norming – I can’t concede the counterinterp if I realize I’m wrong which forces me to argue for bad norms, c) baiting – incentivizes good debaters to be abusive, bait theory, then collapse to the 1AR RVI, d) topic ed – prevents 1AR blipstorm scripts and allows us to get back to substance after resolving theoryEvaluate T before 1AR theory – a) norms – we only have a couple months to set T norms but can set 1AR theory norms anytime, b) magnitude – T affects a larger portion of the debate since the aff advocacy determines every speech after itEvaluate disclosure before 1AR theory – a) scope of norming – affects more rounds over time so it rectifies more abuse, b) magnitude – the aff advocacy and disclosure affects a larger portion of the debate since it determines every speech after it and pre round neg prep c) any 1nc abuse was justified by the aff not being properly disclosed | 9/27/21 |
1 - Must Disclose At The FlipTournament: Mid America Cup | Round: Octas | Opponent: Harrison AA | Judge: Jack Quisenberry, Victor Chen, Chris Theis 1Interp: The affirmative must correctly tell the negative which aff they will be reading, including any and all changes, at the time of the online flip result.Violation: screenshots – they refused to give me the aff at the flip
Negate:1~ Prep and clash - they force us to spend pre-round prep prepping multiple different affs which means I’m unprepared to engage - that decks clash and fairness. Also forces us to make a flip decision in the dark since we don't know if the aff is new or one of the 6 across your teammate’s wikis proven by you doing exactly that2~ Academic integrity – you hide the aff for your own advantage which is the definition of being academically disingenuous. That’s a voter since it destroys the constitutive purpose of debate as an educational activity.3~ No offense for disclosure bad - they posted cites on the wiki for all their affs but didn't give us the correct aff at the flip - the only offense was us not being able to anticipate or prep the right aff pre round because they forced us to split our time and make a flip decision without knowing the aff - proves any responses are in bad faithEvaluate disclosure before 1AR theory – a) scope of norming – affects more rounds over time so it rectifies more abuse, b) magnitude – the aff advocacy and disclosure affects a larger portion of the debate since it determines every speech after it and pre round neg prep, c) any 1nc abuse was justified by the aff not being properly disclosed | 9/28/21 |
1 - T - ExtraTournament: Greenhill Fall Classic | Round: 1 | Opponent: Coppell HA | Judge: Chris Theis 1Interp – the aff must only defend that the member nations of the World Trade Organization ought to reduce intellectual property protections for medicines.Violation – they’re extra topical – they defend all forms of IP.Vote neg for limits and ground: extra-topicality allows them to tack on infinite planks to artificially improve aff solvency and spike out of DAs, like fiating enforcement or other reforms. Also key to education and advocacy – they never have to test their aff against well-researched objections which o/w since it’s the only portable skill in debate. The counter-interp sets a precedent that the scope of aff fiat doesn’t have to be bounded by the resolution, which outweighs on magnitude. Limits decks competitive engagement which turns their offense because it’s key to advocacy skills and discussion about the aff.SSD Voters:Education gives us portable skills for life like research and thinking.The impact is fairness—a~ it’s an intrinsic good – debate is fundamentally a game and some level of competitive equity is necessary to sustain the activity, b~ probability – debate can’t alter subjectivity, but it can rectify skews which means the only impact to a ballot is fairness and deciding who wins, c~ it internal link turns every impact – a limited topic promotes in-depth research and engagement which is necessary to access all of their educationPrecision o/w – anything else justifies the aff arbitrarily jettisoning words in the resolution at their whim which decks negative ground and preparation because the aff is no longer bounded by the resolution.Drop the debater – they have a 7-6 rebuttal advantage and the 2ar to make args I can’t respond toUse competing interps – a) reasonability invites arbitrary judge intervention since we don’t know your bs meter, b) collapses to competing interps – we justify 2 brightlines under an offense defense paradigm just like 2 interps.No RVIs – a) illogical – you shouldn’t win for being fair – it’s a litmus test for engaging in substance, b) norming – I can’t concede the counterinterp if I realize I’m wrong which forces me to argue for bad norms | 9/18/21 |
1 - T - FrameworkTournament: Nano Nagle RR | Round: 3 | Opponent: Perry JA | Judge: Nick Fleming
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1 - T - New Affs BadTournament: debateLA Challenge | Round: 2 | Opponent: Strath Haven AM | Judge: Danielle Dosch, Truman Le 1Interpretation—the aff must disclose the plan text, framework, and advantage areas 30 minutes before the round. To clarify, disclosure can occur on the wiki or over message.Violation—they didn’t – verbally said it was newVote neg for prep and clash—two internal links—a) neg prep—4 minutes of prep is not enough to put together a coherent 1nc or update generics—30 minutes is necessary to learn a little about the affirmative and piece together what 1nc positions apply and cut and research their applications to the affirmative b) aff quality—plan text disclosure discourages cheap shot affs. If the aff isn’t inherent or easily defeated by 20 minutes of research, it should lose—this will answer the 1ar’s claim about innovation—with 30 minutes of prep, there’s still an incentive to find a new strategic, well justified aff, but no incentive to cut a horrible, incoherent aff that the neg can’t check against the broader literature.Voters:Fairness and education are voters – debate’s a game that needs rules to evaluate it and education gives us portable skills for life like research and thinking.Precision o/w – anything else justifies the aff arbitrarily jettisoning words in the resolution at their whim which decks negative ground and preparation because the aff is no longer bounded by the resolution.Drop the debater to deter future abuse and because the 2N doesn’t get new disads to whole rez so it’s permanently skewed.Use competing interps – a) reasonability invites arbitrary judge intervention since we don’t know your bs meter, b) collapses to competing interps – we justify 2 brightlines under an offense defense paradigm just like 2 interps.No RVIs – a) illogical – you shouldn’t win for being fair – it’s a litmus test for engaging in substance, b) norming – I can’t concede the counterinterp if I realize I’m wrong which forces me to argue for bad normsEvaluate T before 1AR theory – a) norms – we only have a couple months to set T norms but can set 1AR theory norms anytime, b) magnitude – T affects a larger portion of the debate since the aff advocacy determines every speech after it | 1/13/22 |
2 - K - ColorblindnessTournament: Mid America Cup RR | Round: 3 | Opponent: BASIS Independent Silicon Valley SK | Judge: Aryan Jasani, Charles Karcher 1NC1NCAcademic philosophy is anti-Black – the 1AC’s abstraction from the material consequences of racialized violence absolves white philosophers of their contributions to America’s apathy towards Black death – their race-neutral rhetoric and assertion of universal humanistic principles reduces systemic racism to a problem of recognition that prevents effective mobilization against white supremacy – vote negative to reject the Western metaphysical tradition and recognize the permanent failure of white philosophy.Tommy J. Curry and Curry 18 ~Tommy, PhD, Prof. of Philosophy @ TAMU, Gwenetta, PhD, Ass. Prof. of Gender and Race Studies @ Alabama~, "On the Perils of Race Neutrality and Anti-Blackness: Philosophy as an Irreconcilable Obstacle to (Black) Thought," American Journal of Economics and Sociology, Vol. 77, Nos. 3-4 (May-September 2018). DOI: 10.1111/ajes.12244 AND and build strategies against the present problems of racism in philosophy before us. Even if they win that their colorblindness is theoretically ideal, it is practically impossible because racialized bodies are marked by their skin color – the psychological construction of Black as inferior makes their impacts inevitable – philosophy’s segregation of black scholarship is not neutral and not normal.Tommy J. Curry and Curry 18 ~Tommy, PhD, Prof. of Philosophy @ TAMU, Gwenetta, PhD, Ass. Prof. of Gender and Race Studies @ Alabama~, "On the Perils of Race Neutrality and Anti-Blackness: Philosophy as an Irreconcilable Obstacle to (Black) Thought," American Journal of Economics and Sociology, Vol. 77, Nos. 3-4 (May-September 2018). DOI: 10.1111/ajes.12244 AND or friends who live within their social environment. Academic philosophy operates similarly. The 1AC’s spikes and technical obfuscation are the hoops that black scholarship has to jump through to even get on the playing field —- white psychosis responds to critique with an abstraction to the level of fair play —- this fair play is embedded with a safe fantasy zone in which whiteness has the collective power to set rules and normsWilderson 08 Frank B Wilderson III, Associate Professor of African American Studies and Drama at the UC, Irvine, Former Member of militarized wing of the ANC. "Incognegro: A Memoir of Exile and Apartheid" Originally published by South End Press, 2008. IB AND as to tell us the very terms of our precious debates are specious." Racism deems Black life disposable and demands racialized violence – we’re not an ad-hom that criticizes the positionality or personal views of their authors – their philosophy is actively used as an expression of white supremacy and to rationalize the deaths of Black men and women.Tommy J. Curry and Curry 18 ~Tommy, PhD, Prof. of Philosophy @ TAMU, Gwenetta, PhD, Ass. Prof. of Gender and Race Studies @ Alabama~, "On the Perils of Race Neutrality and Anti-Blackness: Philosophy as an Irreconcilable Obstacle to (Black) Thought," American Journal of Economics and Sociology, Vol. 77, Nos. 3-4 (May-September 2018). DOI: 10.1111/ajes.12244 AND that Black philosophers and graduate students share with whites become more worthwhile topics. This turns the aff – America is organized around the subjugation and death of non-white people – discriminatory applications of their policy are inevitable absent a recognition of racialization in the law – their colorblindness is mutually exclusive with the necessary upheaval of the racial dynamics that necessitate inequality.Tommy J. and Gwenetta Curry and Curry 18 ~Tommy, PhD, Prof. of Philosophy @ TAMU, Gwenetta, PhD, Ass. Prof. of Gender and Race Studies @ Alabama~, "On the Perils of Race Neutrality and Anti-Blackness: Philosophy as an Irreconcilable Obstacle to (Black) Thought," American Journal of Economics and Sociology, Vol. 77, Nos. 3-4 (May-September 2018). DOI: 10.1111/ajes.12244 AND rely on institutional racism to produce social structures that reward and elevate whites. The role of debate and the alternative is to surrender to blackness.Brady and Murillo 14 ~Nicholas and John, "Black Imperative: A Forum on Solidarity in the Age of Coalition," January 26, 2014, http://outofnowhereblog.wordpress.com/2014/01/26/black-imperative-a-forum-on-solidarity-in-the-age-of-coalition/, John Murillo III is a PhD student in the English department at Brown University, and a graduate of the University of California, Irvine, with bachelor’s degrees in Cognitive Science and English. His research interests are broad, and include extensive engagements with and within: Black Studies–particularly Afro-Pessimism–Narrative Theory; Theoretical Physics; Astrophysics; Cosmology; and Neuroscience. Nicholas Brady is an activist-scholar from Baltimore, Maryland. He was also a recent graduate of Johns Hopkins with a bachelor’s degree in Philosophy and currently a doctoral student at the University of California-Irvine Culture and Theory program.~ AND imperative. Instead of fetishizing the object, you must surrender to blackness. Underview | 9/24/21 |
3 - FW - UtilTournament: Mid America Cup | Round: 6 | Opponent: Iowa City West JS | Judge: James Stuckert 1Moral Realism is true – there is an ethical truth that exists metaphysically: a) otherwise we could not make moral claims since we would merely claim disagreement rather than an absolute wrong, justifying any ethical statement b) regressive moral debates always terminate in an endpoint of agreement, we just compare different values in an attempt to find the ultimate one.Synthetic a posteriori moral naturalism is the basis of realist ethics:A~ The normative supervenes on the natural – natural facts like whether brains develop to permit rationality or subjectivity determine whether non naturalist moral facts can be premised on things like capacity for reasonLutz and Lenman 18. Lutz, Matthew and Lenman, James, "Moral Naturalism", The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (Fall 2018 Edition), Edward N. Zalta (ed.), URL = https://plato.stanford.edu/archives/fall2018/entries/naturalism-moral/. Massa AND , this is a heavy mark against non-naturalism (McPherson 2012). That outweighs – controversy prevents acting on moral laws, but lack of philosophical controversy on the correlation between moral and natural facts indicates naturalism guides action.B~ The problem of disagreement – resolving a priori conflicts requires indicting the epistemological basis of one’s judgement with a reliable process for deriving moral truths which is impossible given widespread moral disagreement about non verifiable a priori truth – grounding ethics with verifiable natural facts solveNext, phenomenal introspection can bridge the gap from experiential natural facts to moral truths and necessitates hedonism. When I observe a lemon’s yellowness shifting my visual fields from darker to lighter shades, I can introspect on that experience and identify brightness as an intrinsic property of seeing a lemon. Similarly, when I feel pleasure, I can introspect on the shift in hedonic tones and identify that goodness is an intrinsic property of the pleasure that was increased.This connection between pain and pleasure and phenomenal conceptions of intrinsic value and disvalue is irrefutable – everything else regresses – robust neuroscience proves.Blum et al. 18 Kenneth Blum, 1Department of Psychiatry, Boonshoft School of Medicine, Dayton VA Medical Center, Wright State University, Dayton, OH, USA 2Department of Psychiatry, McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL, USA 3Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Keck Medicine University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA 4Division of Applied Clinical Research and Education, Dominion Diagnostics, LLC, North Kingstown, RI, USA 5Department of Precision Medicine, Geneus Health LLC, San Antonio, TX, USA 6Department of Addiction Research and Therapy, Nupathways Inc., Innsbrook, MO, USA 7Department of Clinical Neurology, Path Foundation, New York, NY, USA 8Division of Neuroscience-Based Addiction Therapy, The Shores Treatment and Recovery Center, Port Saint Lucie, FL, USA 9Institute of Psychology, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary 10Division of Addiction Research, Dominion Diagnostics, LLC. North Kingston, RI, USA 11Victory Nutrition International, Lederach, PA., USA 12National Human Genome Center at Howard University, Washington, DC., USA, Marjorie Gondré-Lewis, 12National Human Genome Center at Howard University, Washington, DC., USA 13Departments of Anatomy and Psychiatry, Howard University College of Medicine, Washington, DC US, Bruce Steinberg, 4Division of Applied Clinical Research and Education, Dominion Diagnostics, LLC, North Kingstown, RI, USA, Igor Elman, 15Department Psychiatry, Cooper University School of Medicine, Camden, NJ, USA, David Baron, 3Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Keck Medicine University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA, Edward J Modestino, 14Department of Psychology, Curry College, Milton, MA, USA, Rajendra D Badgaiyan, 15Department Psychiatry, Cooper University School of Medicine, Camden, NJ, USA, Mark S Gold 16Department of Psychiatry, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, USA, "Our evolved unique pleasure circuit makes humans different from apes: Reconsideration of data derived from animal studies", U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs, 28 February 2018, accessed: 19 August 2020, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6446569/, R.S. | 9/26/21 |
JF - CP - Global Con ConTournament: debateLA Challenge | Round: 2 | Opponent: Strath Haven AM | Judge: Danielle Dosch, Truman Le 3States ought to call a global constitutional convention and establish a constitution reflecting intergenerational concern with exclusive authority to ban private space tourism and bind participating bodies to its resultThat solves the aff – it addresses shared anxieties while building political consensusGardiner 14 1 ~Stephen M. Gardiner, Professor of Philosophy and Ben Rabinowitz Endowed Professor of Human Dimensions of the Environment at the University of Washington, Seattle, "A Call for a Global Constitutional Convention Focused on Future Generations," 2014, Ethics and International Affairs, Vol. 28, Issue 3, pp. 299-315, https://doi.org/10.1017/S0892679414000379, EA~ AND do better, would be a central issue for discussion by the convention. It spills over to foster broader intergenerational representation, but independence is keyGardiner 14 2 ~Stephen M. Gardiner, Professor of Philosophy and Ben Rabinowitz Endowed Professor of Human Dimensions of the Environment at the University of Washington, Seattle, "A Call for a Global Constitutional Convention Focused on Future Generations," 2014, Ethics and International Affairs, Vol. 28, Issue 3, pp. 299-315, https://doi.org/10.1017/S0892679414000379, EA~ AND waste) but also the need to identify similar threats before they arise. Proactive measures mitigate a laundry list of emerging catastrophic risks – extinctionBeckstead et al. 14 ~Nick Beckstead, Nick Bostrom, Niel Bowerman, Owen Cotton-Barratt, William MacAskill, Seán Ó hÉigeartaigh, Toby Ord, * Future of Humanity Institute, University of Oxford, Director, Future of Humanity Institute, University of Oxford, * Global Priorities Project, Centre for Effective Altruism; Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Global Priorities Project, Centre for Effective Altruism; Future of Humanity Institute, University of Oxford, * Uehiro Centre for Practical Ethics, University of Oxford, Cambridge Centre for the Study of Existential Risk; Future of Humanity Institute, University of Oxford, * Programme on the Impacts of Future Technology, Oxford Martin School, University of Oxford, "Policy Brief: Unprecedented Technological Risks," 2014, The Global Priorities Project, The Future of Humanity Institute, The Oxford Martin Programme on the Impacts of Future Technology, and The Centre for the Study of Existential Risk, https://www.fhi.ox.ac.uk/wp-content/uploads/Unprecedented-Technological-Risks.pdf, Accessed: 03/13/21, EA~ AND in the near future, even if no such breakthroughs currently appear imminent. Maintaining sustainable use of outer space is key to future generationsIslam 18 ~Mohammad Saiful Islam, Mohammad works for the Institute of Advanced Judicial Studies and the Beijing Institute of Technology. 4-27-2018, "The Sustainable Use of Outer Space: Complications and Legal Challenges to the Peaceful Uses and Benefit of Humankind," Beijing Law Review, https://www.scirp.org/journal/paperinformation.aspx?paperid=85201 accessed 12/12/21~ Adam AND over-exploitation of resources and environmental havoc (Fountain, 2002) . | 1/13/22 |
JF - CP - HotelsTournament: debateLA Challenge | Round: 6 | Opponent: Strath Haven AM | Judge: Rodrigo Paramo, Derek Hilligoss 3CP: States ought to ban the appropriation of outer space by private entities for private space tourism with the exception of space hotels and stations.Solves entirety Space Tourism makes low-gravity research accessible which results in critical physiological science innovation.Caplan and Lindsay 17 Nick Caplan and Kirsty Lindsay 7-29-2017 "Space Tourism Could Help Boost Science and Health Research — Here's How" https://www.space.com/37503-space-tourism-could-help-boost-science-health-research.html (Nick graduated from the University of Birmingham with a PhD in Biomechanics)Elmer AND the speed of human physiological discoveries in space? We certainly think so. Physiology key to manage new Diseases.APS 20 5-21-2020 "How Physiologists Are Helping Patients Recover from COVID-19" https://ispyphysiology.com/2020/05/21/how-physiologists-are-helping-patients-recover-from-covid-19/ (American Physiology Society)Elmer AND to best use these medicines and devices to treat COVID-19 patients. Future pandemics cause extinctionDiamandis 21 ~Eleftheriosi, biochemist specializing in clinical chemistry, Prof and Head of Clinical Biochemistry in the Dept of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology at the University of Toronto~ "The Mother of All Battles: Viruses vs Humans. Can Humans Avoid Extinction in 50-100 Years?" Preprints, April 13, 2021, https://www.preprints.org/manuscript/202104.0397/v1 TG AND will trigger preventative measures that could reverse or delay the projected adverse outcomes. Viruses evolve past countermeasures – increased transmission and lethality – delta and omicron proveDiamandis 21 ~Eleftheriosi, biochemist specializing in clinical chemistry, Prof and Head of Clinical Biochemistry in the Dept of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology at the University of Toronto~ "The Mother of All Battles: Viruses vs Humans. Can Humans Avoid Extinction in 50-100 Years?" Preprints, April 13, 2021, https://www.preprints.org/manuscript/202104.0397/v1 TG AND strengthening the ability of the virus to enter the cells via surface receptors. | 1/15/22 |
JF - CP - Large SatellitesTournament: debateLA Challenge | Round: 3 | Opponent: Harvard Westlake IC | Judge: Chris Theis, Rodrigo Paramo 1CP: The appropriation of outer space by private entities except for Large Satellite Constellations in Lower Earth Orbit is unjust.Terrestrial Internet Cables are vulnerable now – risks access.Griffiths 19 James Griffiths 7-26-2019 "The global internet is powered by vast undersea cables. But they’re vulnerable." https://www.cnn.com/2019/07/25/asia/internet-undersea-cables-intl-hnk/index.html (CNN Analyst)ELmer AND . "You’d be focusing on the hardest aspect of disrupting a network." Mega-constellations provide fast, affordable internet that bridges digital divide – independently, competition lowers prices across the board.Novo 21 Paula Novo 3-31-2021 "Will Starlink Change the Internet?' https://www.highspeedoptions.com/resources/insights/will-starlink-change-the-internet (With over four years of broadband experience, Paula Novo is the Site Editor and Senior Writer for HighSpeedOptions. She has helped develop the criterion by which HighSpeedOptions reviews and recommends internet service providers, striving to simplify and guide the user’s decision toward the best communications services. Paula also leads HighSpeedOptions coverage of the digital divide, ISP reviews, and broadband policy.)Elmer AND Starlink has the potential to help offset poverty where many governments have failed. It's comparably faster than current competitors.Lumanlan 21 August Dominic M Lumanlan 8-14-2021 "How Elon Musk’s Starlink will be the future of the Internet" https://medium.com/@augustlumanlan2017/how-spacexs-starlink-will-be-the-future-of-the-internet-8f07adb4eb2 (Engineering Author)Elmer AND wish, as long as you have a ground Starlink dish with you. Internet solves extinctionEagleman 10 ~David Eagleman is a neuroscientist at Baylor College of Medicine, where he directs the Laboratory for Perception and Action and the Initiative on Neuroscience and Law and author of Sum (Canongate). Nov. 9, 2010, " Six ways the internet will save civilization," AND to suggest that the net may just be the technology that saves us. Independently, Starlink bridges the Splinternet – that solves Fake News and Disinformation propagated from censorship – affordable, un-blockable, and accessible internet is key.Koetsier 20 John Koetsier 1-9-2020 "Elon Musk's 42,000 StarLink Satellites Could Just Save the World" https://archive.is/K6Lq0~~#selection-3087.0-3131.123 (I've been a journalist, analyst, and corporate executive, and have chronicled the rise of the mobile economy. I built the VB Insight research team at VentureBeat)Elmer AND are opportunities for different perspectives and, hopefully, true facts to emerge. Fake News is an existential threat – hurts global cooperation on every significant issue and results in geopolitical conflict spirals.Al-Rodhan 17 Nayef Al-Rodhan 6-7-2017 "Post-Truth Politics, the Fifth Estate and the Securitization of Fake News" https://www.globalpolicyjournal.com/blog/07/06/2017/post-truth-politics-fifth-estate-and-securitization-fake-news (Prof Nayef Al-Rodhan is an Honorary Fellow at St Antony’s College, University of Oxford, and Senior Fellow and Head of the Geopolitics and Global Futures Programme at the Geneva Centre for Security Policy)Elmer AND candidate can, quite unequivocally, impact the future of the liberal order. Starlink solves internet monopoliesKrow 21 Krow, A. (2021, February 27). Will Starlink disrupt spectrum’s internet provider monopoly? Medium. https://medium.com/technology-hits/will-starlink-disrupt-spectrums-internet-provider-monopoly-c3b33d20be11 (Teacher. Writer. Future Author. Aspiring Linguist. Progressive Voter. Twitter @ajkrow'writer.) Aadit AND want something other than Spectrum or Charter, Starlink will be the answer. | 1/13/22 |
JF - CP - REMTournament: Peninsula Invitational | Round: 2 | Opponent: Harvard-Westlake NL | Judge: Jackson Frankwick 2CP: The appropriation of outer space by private entities is unjust except for the appropriation of outer space for asteroid mining by United States private entities. The United States should fund the appropriation of outer space for the mining of rare earth metals from asteroids by private entities.Asteroids have REMsAP 21 "Mining A $10,000 Quadrillion Asteroid." AP News, Feb 1, 2021, https://apnews.com/press-release/accesswire/technology-business-science-utilities-electric-utilities-7bb32ecaac33bebef6e4b97ade588c57 TG AND asteroids have been identified as likely cost-effective mining targets to date. The PIC is key to beat China and protect against Chinese REM gatekeepingStavridis 21 ~(James, retired US Navy admiral, chief international diplomacy and national security analyst for NBC News, senior fellow at JHU Applied Physics Library, PhD in Law and Diplomacy from Tufts) "U.S. Needs a Strong Defense Against China’s Rare-Earth Weapon," Bloomberg Opinion, March 4, 2021, https://www.bloomberg.com/opinion/articles/2021-03-04/u-s-needs-a-strong-defense-against-china-s-rare-earth-weapon~~ TDI AND , and should serve as a basis for the Biden administration and Congress. REM access key to military primacy and tech advancement – alternatives failTrigaux 12 (David, University Honors Program University of South Florida St. Petersburg) "The US, China and Rare Earth Metals: The Future Of Green Technology, Military Tech, and a Potential Achilles” Heel to American Hegemony," USF St. Petersberg, May 2, 2012, https://digital.stpetersburg.usf.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1132andcontext=honorstheses~~ TDI AND . Given the nature of many military applications, substitutions aren’t possible. 91 Primacy and allied commitments solve arms races and great power war – unipolarity is sustainable, and prevents power vacuums and global escalationBrands 18 ~Hal, Henry Kissinger Distinguished Professor at Johns Hopkins University's School of Advanced International Studies and a senior fellow at the Center for Strategic and Budgetary Assessments." American Grand Strategy in the Age of Trump." Page 129-133~ TDI AND Russian and Chinese modernization efforts are now creating a far more competitive environment. 1AR theory is skewed towards the aff – a) the 2NR must cover substance and over-cover theory, since they get the collapse and persuasive spin advantage of the 3min 2AR, b) their responses to my counter interp will be new, which means 1AR theory necessitates intervention. Implications – a) reject 1AR theory since it can’t be a legitimate check for abuse, b) drop the arg to minimize the chance the round is decided unfairly, c) use reasonability with a bar of defense or the aff always wins since the 2AR can line by line the whole 2NR without winning real abuse | 1/22/22 |
JF - DA - Cyber AttacksTournament: Peninsula Invitational | Round: 4 | Opponent: Stockdale RP | Judge: Aryan Jasani 3Cyber attacks on critical infrstructure are coming nowUnderwood 20 ~Kimberly Underwood is a reporter on emerging communication technologies, cyberwarfare, the intelligence community, military command operations and weaponry research. "China is Retooling, and Russia Seeks Harm to Critical Infrastructure." June 24, 2020. https://www.afcea.org/content/china-retooling-and-russia-seeks-harm-critical-infrastructure~~ AND the long-term goal of being able to cause "substantial damage." Megaconstellations function as critical infrastructure that increase resiliency and protect against cyberattacksHallex and Cottom 20 ~Matthew A. Hallex is a Research Staff Member at the Institute for Defense Analyses. Travis S. Cottom is a Research Associate at the Institute for Defense Analyses. "Proliferated Commercial Satellite Constellations: Implications for National Security." 2020. https://ndupress.ndu.edu/Portals/68/Documents/jfq/jfq-97/jfq-97'20-29'Hallex-Cottom.pdf?ver=2020-03-31-130614-940~~ AND replace systems lost during a conflict in space would be readily available.31 Cyberattacks cause extinction—-false warnings, stealing nukes, and introducing vulnerabilityErnest J. Moniz et al. 18, Ernest J. Moniz is the CEO of the Nuclear Threat Initiative, served as the thirteenth United States Secretary of Energy from 2013 to January 2017. Sam Nunn, and Des Browne, September 2018, "Nuclear Weapons in the New Cyber Age," https://media.nti.org/documents/Cyber'report'finalsmall.pdf AND in traditionally survivable systems, such as submarines or mobile missile launchers.4 | 1/23/22 |
JF - DA - InnovationTournament: debateLA Challenge | Round: 6 | Opponent: Strath Haven AM | Judge: Rodrigo Paramo, Derek Hilligoss 5Space Commercialization drives Tech Innovation in the Status Quo – it provides a unique impetus.Hampson 17 Joshua Hampson 1-25-2017 "The Future of Space Commercialization" https://republicans-science.house.gov/sites/republicans.science.house.gov/files/documents/TheFutureofSpaceCommercializationFinal.pdf (Security Studies Fellow at the Niskanen Center)Elmer AND to global networks, and new opportunities could lead to wider economic growth. Double bind – either they link bc it’s a major part of space activity or they don’t solve because other forms are bigger emitters of debrisStrong Innovation solves Extinction.Matthews 18 Dylan Matthews 10-26-2018 "How to help people millions of years from now" https://www.vox.com/future-perfect/2018/10/26/18023366/far-future-effective-altruism-existential-risk-doing-good (Co-founder of Vox, citing Nick Beckstead @ Rutgers University)Re-cut by Elmer AND far future, then effective altruism just becomes plain ol’ do-goodery. | 1/15/22 |
JF - DA - KamooalewaTournament: Harvard Westlake Debates | Round: 3 | Opponent: Dougherty Valley KM | Judge: Eric Deng 5Kamo’oalewa is NEO asteroid comprised of lunar materialDevlin 21 ~Hannah Devlin is the Guardian's science correspondent, having previously been science editor of the Times. "Near-Earth asteroid is a fragment from the moon, say scientists." November 11, 2021. https://www.theguardian.com/science/2021/nov/11/near-earth-asteroid-is-a-fragment-from-the-moon-say-scientists~~ AND said. "It’s easier to explain with the moon than other ideas." Space based solar power is being developed and transitions to 100 clean energy, but lunar regolith is keyO’Neill 13 ~Ian O'Neill is a media relations specialist at NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) in Southern California. Prior to joining JPL, he served as editor for the Astronomical Society of the Pacific‘s Mercury magazine and Mercury Online and contributed articles to a number of other publications, including Space.com, Space.com, Live Science, HISTORY.com, Scientific American. Ian holds a Ph.D in solar physics and a master's degree in planetary and space physics. "How to Turn the Moon Into a Giant Space Solar Power Hub." December 3, 2013. https://www.space.com/23810-moon-luna-belt-solar-power-idea.html~~ AND off nuclear energy — it doesn't get more "alternative" than this. ExtinctionKrosofsky 21 ~Andrew, freelance writer for over two decades~ "How Global Warming May Eventually Lead to Global Extinction." Green Matters. March 11, 2021. https://www.greenmatters.com/p/will-global-warming-cause-extinction TG AND of the century, that number could be as high as 70 percent. | 1/16/22 |
JF - DA - MiningTournament: Harvard Westlake Debates | Round: 3 | Opponent: Dougherty Valley KM | Judge: Eric Deng 4Only the private sector can do it – governments lack incentive and the OST prohibits itEure 16 (, J., 2016. Space… the final frontier. ~online~ Campbell Law Observer. Available at: http://campbelllawobserver.com/space-the-final-frontier/ ~Accessed 28 December 2021~ Jonathan Eure is a 2017 graduate of Campbell Law School, winner of the 2017 J. Bryan Boyd Award for Excellence in Legal Journalism, and served as a senior staff writer for the Campbell Law Observer. He lived in Morganton, in the foothills of North Carolina, before moving to Raleigh for law school. He earned BA’s in Political Science and History from the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, graduating in 2014. The summer after his first year of law school, Jonathan worked as a legislative research intern with Representative Rob Bryan in the North Carolina General Assembly. Jonathan now interns with the Honorable Paul Newby at the North Carolina Supreme Court. Jonathan is the Secretary for the Campbell Public Interest Law Student Association (CPILSA).)-rahulpenu AND . The problem is that none of this law has become official yet. Commercial mining solves extinction from scarcity, climate, terror, war, and disease.Pelton 17—(Director Emeritus of the Space and Advanced Communications Research Institute at George Washington University, PHD in IR from Georgetown).. Pelton, Joseph N. 2017. The New Gold Rush: The Riches of Space Beckon! Springer. Accessed 8/30/19. AND global space agreements, are part of this new pathway to the future. Resource scarcity coming now and causes extinction—asteroid mining is the only way to solveCrombrugghe 18 – Guerric, Business Development Manager Brussels, Brussels Capital Region, "Asteroid mining as a necessary answer to mineral scarcity", LinkedIn, 1/11/2018, https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/asteroid-mining-necessary-answer-mineral-scarcity-de-crombrugghe AND meantime, we might want to consume existing resources a bit more efficiently. Resource Shortages Exacerbate ConflictWingo 13 - Dennis Wingo, Former CTO of the Orbital Recovery Corporation, Founder and CEO of Skycorp Inc, and Greentrail Energy Inc., Co-Founder and CTO of Orbital Recovery Inc. Leader of NASA's the Lunar Orbiter Image Recovery Project (LOIRP), First in history to rescue and operate a spacecraft (ISEE-3) in interplanetary space, and University of Alabama in Huntsville Consortium for Materials Development in Space Researcher At University of Alabama in Huntsville Consortium for Materials Development in Space "Commentary | The Inevitability of Extraterrestrial Mining", Space News, 7/29/2013, https://spacenews.com/36511the-inevitability-of-extraterrestrial-mining/ AND the continued health of the American economy and the future of all mankind. Those Conflicts go NuclearKlare 13 – Michael T., professor emeritus of peace and world-security studies at Hampshire College and senior visiting fellow at the Arms Control Association in Washington, DC, " How Resource Scarcity and Climate Change Could Produce a Global Explosion", The Nation, 4/22/2013, https://www.thenation.com/article/how-resource-scarcity-and-climate-change-could-produce-global-explosion/ JHW AND conflict. We are now heading directly into a resource-shock world. ====Plan doesn’t solve – 1. Tm costs to companies 2. Agreements don’t exist bc nobody rly started mining yet 3. Consistant bc everyone follows the OST ==== | 1/16/22 |
JF - DA - Mining v2Tournament: Harvard Westlake Debates | Round: 5 | Opponent: Portola AS | Judge: Indu Pandey 2Only the private sector can do it – governments lack incentive and the OST prohibits itEure 16 (, J., 2016. Space… the final frontier. ~online~ Campbell Law Observer. Available at: http://campbelllawobserver.com/space-the-final-frontier/ ~Accessed 28 December 2021~ Jonathan Eure is a 2017 graduate of Campbell Law School, winner of the 2017 J. Bryan Boyd Award for Excellence in Legal Journalism, and served as a senior staff writer for the Campbell Law Observer. He lived in Morganton, in the foothills of North Carolina, before moving to Raleigh for law school. He earned BA’s in Political Science and History from the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, graduating in 2014. The summer after his first year of law school, Jonathan worked as a legislative research intern with Representative Rob Bryan in the North Carolina General Assembly. Jonathan now interns with the Honorable Paul Newby at the North Carolina Supreme Court. Jonathan is the Secretary for the Campbell Public Interest Law Student Association (CPILSA).)-rahulpenu AND . The problem is that none of this law has become official yet. Commercial mining solves extinction from scarcity, climate, terror, war, and disease.Pelton 17—(Director Emeritus of the Space and Advanced Communications Research Institute at George Washington University, PHD in IR from Georgetown).. Pelton, Joseph N. 2017. The New Gold Rush: The Riches of Space Beckon! Springer. Accessed 8/30/19. AND global space agreements, are part of this new pathway to the future. Resource scarcity coming now and causes extinction—asteroid mining is the only way to solveCrombrugghe 18 – Guerric, Business Development Manager Brussels, Brussels Capital Region, "Asteroid mining as a necessary answer to mineral scarcity", LinkedIn, 1/11/2018, https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/asteroid-mining-necessary-answer-mineral-scarcity-de-crombrugghe AND meantime, we might want to consume existing resources a bit more efficiently. Resource Shortages Exacerbate ConflictWingo 13 - Dennis Wingo, Former CTO of the Orbital Recovery Corporation, Founder and CEO of Skycorp Inc, and Greentrail Energy Inc., Co-Founder and CTO of Orbital Recovery Inc. Leader of NASA's the Lunar Orbiter Image Recovery Project (LOIRP), First in history to rescue and operate a spacecraft (ISEE-3) in interplanetary space, and University of Alabama in Huntsville Consortium for Materials Development in Space Researcher At University of Alabama in Huntsville Consortium for Materials Development in Space "Commentary | The Inevitability of Extraterrestrial Mining", Space News, 7/29/2013, https://spacenews.com/36511the-inevitability-of-extraterrestrial-mining/ AND the continued health of the American economy and the future of all mankind. Those Conflicts go NuclearKlare 13 – Michael T., professor emeritus of peace and world-security studies at Hampshire College and senior visiting fellow at the Arms Control Association in Washington, DC, " How Resource Scarcity and Climate Change Could Produce a Global Explosion", The Nation, 4/22/2013, https://www.thenation.com/article/how-resource-scarcity-and-climate-change-could-produce-global-explosion/ JHW AND conflict. We are now heading directly into a resource-shock world. Mining solves Water ShortagesKean 15 Sam Kean December 2015 "The End of Thirst" https://www.theatlantic.com/magazine/archive/2015/12/the-end-of-thirst/413176/ (writer based in Washington DC for the Atlantic)Elmer AND down here on the ground, but up among the stars as well. Indo-Pak Water War goes NuclearKlare 20 — Five College professor emeritus of peace and world security studies, and director of the Five College Program in Peace and World Security Studies (PAWSS), holds a B.A. and M.A. from Columbia University and a Ph.D. from the Graduate School of the Union Institute. (Michael; Published: 2020; "Climate Change, Water Scarcity, and the Potential for Interstate Conflict in South Asia"; Journal of Strategic Security 13, No. 4, Pages 109-122; https://doi.org/10.5038/1944-0472.13.4.1826 Available at: https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/jss/vol13/iss4/8)//CYang AND global agriculture—an outcome with enormous implications for American national security.30 | 1/16/22 |
JF - DA - Russia AppeasementTournament: Harvard Westlake Debates | Round: 3 | Opponent: Dougherty Valley KM | Judge: Eric Deng 3Russia’s international ambitions are low now due to space sector failures.AFP 19 5/28/19 (Agence France-Presse - international news agency headquartered in Paris, "Moscow, we have a problem: theft plagues Russia’s space sector," https://www.scmp.com/news/world/russia-central-asia/article/3012088/moscow-we-have-problem-theft-plagues-russias-space) AND power, especially in the context of increased tensions with the United States. We stopped appeasing Russia – they’ll pocket concessions from coop and increase aggression – tensions aren’t the result of understandings but hardened differences.Haddad and Polakova 18 ~Benjamin Haddad Director, Future Europe Initiative - Atlantic Council. Alina Polyakova Director, Project on Global Democracy and Emerging Technology Fellow - Foreign Policy, Center on the United States and Europe. Don’t rehabilitate Obama on Russia. March 5, 2018. https://www.brookings.edu/blog/order-from-chaos/2018/03/05/dont-rehabilitate-obama-on-russia/~~ AND If he wanted a pliant ally in America, he has abjectly failed. Space cooperation massively boosts prestige for Russia.Juul 19 - Senior policy analyst at the Center for American Progress Peter Juul, "Trump’s Space Force Gets the Final Frontier All Wrong," Foreign Policy. March 20, 2019. https://foreignpolicy.com/2019/03/20/trumps-space-force-gets-the-final-frontier-all-wrong/ AND Agency, and even Russia’s Roscosmos—remain led and run by civilians. Cooperation is perceived as appeasement - that independently is sufficient for Putin to feel emboldened and seize more territory.Payne 17 – Served in the Department of Defense as the Deputy Assistant Secretary of Defense for Forces Policy Dr. Keith B. Payne, "Russian strategy Expansion, crisis and conflict," Comparative Strategy, 2017. https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/01495933.2017.1277121?needAccess=true AND , the West’s lack of resolve could embolden Moscow toward further adventurism."27 Putin soft power is low now, and that prevents Baltic adventurism that goes nuclear - legitimizing him gives him an opening to make information warfare succeed.Kagan 19 - American resident scholar at the American Enterprise Institute, and a former professor of military history at the U.S. Military Academy at West Point, less famous brother of our favorite neighborhood neocon Robert Kagan Frederick W. Kagan, "CONFRONTING THE RUSSIAN CHALLENGE: A NEW APPROACH FOR THE U.S.," Institute for the Study of War. June 2019. https://www.politico.com/f/?id=0000016b-6eef-dc80-a3ff-ffff778c0000 *Apologies for it being super condensed - it’s a 90 pg article AND lesser variants, but they all lead to dramatically increased risk of Armageddon. | 1/16/22 |
JF - DA - Smart CitiesTournament: Peninsula Invitational | Round: 4 | Opponent: Stockdale RP | Judge: Aryan Jasani 1Starlink connectivity is key to extension of the Internet of Things.Lumanlan 21 August Dominic M Lumanlan 8-14-2021 "How Elon Musk’s Starlink will be the future of the Internet" https://medium.com/@augustlumanlan2017/how-spacexs-starlink-will-be-the-future-of-the-internet-8f07adb4eb2 (Engineering Author)Elmer AND save manufacturers millions of dollars every year just to optimize every manufacturing process. IOT key to sustainable Smart Cities – rapid population growth ensures need for sustainability for megacities.Appleton 21 Joe Appleton 5-11-2021 "WHAT IS IOT AND WHY IS IT IMPORTANT FOR SMART CITIES?" https://hub.beesmart.city/en/solutions/what-is-iot-and-why-is-it-important-for-smart-cities (Joe Appleton is bee smart city's content strategist, editor and writer. He has a particular interest in smart and sustainable cities and urban mobility.)Elmer AND at its full potential, the Internet of Things is a vital ingredient. Unsustainable cities turn every impact and cause extinction – sustainable ones solveCribb 17 Cribb, Julian. "The Urbanite (Homo Urbanus)." Surviving the 21st Century. Springer, Cham, 2017. 147-169. (principal of Julian Cribb and Associates who provide specialist consultancy in the communication of science, agriculture, food, mining, energy and the environment. , His published work includes over 8000 articles, 3000 media releases and eight books. He has received 32 awards for journalism.)Elmer AND whole world will have a virtual ringside seat as future urban nightmares unfold. | 1/23/22 |
JF - T - AppropriationTournament: debateLA Challenge | Round: 2 | Opponent: Strath Haven AM | Judge: Danielle Dosch, Truman Le 2Interp – Appropriation means permanent control over a region of space.Trapp 13, Timothy Justin. "Taking up Space by Any Other Means: Coming to Terms with Nonappropriation Article of the Outer Space Treaty." U. Ill. L. Rev. (2013): 1681. (JD Candidate at UIUC Law School)Re-cut by Elmer AND the Bogotá Declaration were try3ing to accomplish, albeit through different means.219 2~ Violation – Space Tourism is travel over a short duration – the events are neither permanent nor limit other uses by other actors of a particular region of space – even if they win singular examples of tourism that could be appropriation, they explicitly include travel that is temporary which makes the Aff Extra-Topical at best.Henderson and Tsui 19 Henderson, I. L., and W. H. K. Tsui. "The role of niche aviation operations as tourist attractions." Air transport: A tourism perspective (2019): 233-244. (Massey University School of Aviation, Palmerston North, New Zealand)Elmer AND taken up into the stratosphere and is sold for €17,500. 3~ Standards –a~ Limits – temporary actions explodes Ground – Aff’s can affect temporary docking of private actors on the ISS, using lunar bases in a temporary manner for broader space exploration efforts, and temporary satellites which devastates neg prep burdens.b~ Ground – temporary actions means the neg can’t say private appropriation good since it assumes permanence – we lose any link magnitude since the plan only effects a small amount of time. | 1/13/22 |
JF - T - Cant Spec AppropriationTournament: debateLA Challenge | Round: 6 | Opponent: Strath Haven AM | Judge: Rodrigo Paramo, Derek Hilligoss 2Interpretation: "the appropriation of outer space" is a generic indefinite singular. The aff may not defend a subset of appropriation of outer space by private entities being unjust.The definite article "the" makes the rez a definite singular – it’s genericCCC n.d. ~Capital Community College, a nonprofit 501 c-3 organization that supports scholarships, faculty development, and curriculum innovation.~ "Articles, Determiners, and Quantifiers." Capital Community College. http://grammar.ccc.commnet.edu/grammar/determiners/determiners.htm~~#articles TG AND former (see beagle sentence) refers to all members of that class. The upward entailment test and adverb test determine the genericity of a definite singularLeslie 16 ~Sarah-Jane Leslie, Ph.D., Princeton, 2007. Dean of the Graduate School and Class of 1943 Professor of Philosophy. Served as the vice dean for faculty development in the Office of the Dean of the Faculty, director of the Program in Linguistics, and founding director of the Program in Cognitive Science at Princeton University.~ "Generic Generalizations." Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy. April 24, 2016. https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/generics/ TG
AND perhaps better used than "usually" to mark off the generic reading.) It applies to "the appropriation of outer space" – 1~ upward entailment test – "the appropriation of outer space is unjust" doesn’t entail that "the use of outer space is unjust" because it doesn’t mean compulsory voting in dictatorships, 2~ adverb test – "the appropriation of outer space is usually unjust" doesn’t mean anything substantially different from the rezViolation – they only defend ''''Vote neg:1~ Limits – they can pick any form of appropriation from internet satellites to asteroid mining to moon basing to Mars colonization and there’s no universal disad since they’re all different and require different uses space – explodes neg prep and leads to random appropriation of the week affs which makes cutting stable neg links impossible. PICs don’t solve – it’s absurd to say neg potential abuse justifies the aff being flat out not T, which leads to a race towards abuse. Limits key to reciprocal engagement since they create a caselist for neg prep.2~ TVA – read the aff as an advantage to a whole rez aff. | 1/15/22 |
JF - T - UnjustTournament: Harvard Westlake Debates | Round: 3 | Opponent: Dougherty Valley KM | Judge: Eric Deng 2Interpretation – Unjust refers to a negative action – it means contrary.Blacks Law No Date "What is Unjust?" https://thelawdictionary.org/unjust/ Elmer Violation – The Aff is a positive action – it creates a new multilateral Space Resource Fund and doesn’t say commercial mining bad.Vote Neg –1~ Limits – allowing them to defend everything from mining ok to regulated explodes predictability – it means that Aff’s can make their affs anything tangentially related to appropration – makes the topic untenable. Their interpretation includes the PTD expansion Aff, DD’s OST Aff, and any reform CP as an aff.2~ Ground – wrecks Neg Generics – we can’t say appropriation good because the aff will just no link which destroys all neg generics like innovation, heg, mining good, debris good, etc | 1/16/22 |
SO - CP - AMRTournament: Nano Nagle RR | Round: 2 | Opponent: Harker DV | Judge: Felicity Park 2CP: The member nations of the World Trade Organization should allow exclusivity to be extended indefinitely for antimicrobial drugs per Salmieri. The member nations of the World Trade Organization should reduce intellectual property protections for all other emergency use listing medicines during public health emergencies.Salmieri 18 "INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY AND THE FREEDOM NEEDED TO SOLVE THE CRISIS OF RESISTANT INFECTIONS" 2018 Gregory Salmieri ~Ph.D., Philosophy, 2008, University of Pittsburgh; B.A. 2001, The College of New Jersey. Fellow, The Anthem Foundation for Objectivist Scholarship; Lecturer, Philosophy Department, Rutgers University~ http://georgemasonlawreview.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/04/26-1'7-Salmieri.pdf SM AND commons that could be rectified by policies analogous to the one suggested here. AMR competes – that’s the UN.UN 18 12 November 2018 "Antimicrobial resistance a 'global health emergency,' UN, ahead of awareness week" https://news.un.org/en/node/1025511/antimicrobial-resistance-a-global-health-emergency-un-ahead-of-awareness-week-2 SM AND health issue to be tackled with as much urgency as Ebola and HIV. Even if the aff incentivizes innovation they cannot incentivize innovation in anti-microbial research – the problem right now is lack of profit incentives for innovation and responsible stewardship.Salmieri 18 "INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY AND THE FREEDOM NEEDED TO SOLVE THE CRISIS OF RESISTANT INFECTIONS" 2018 Gregory Salmieri ~Ph.D., Philosophy, 2008, University of Pittsburgh; B.A. 2001, The College of New Jersey. Fellow, The Anthem Foundation for Objectivist Scholarship; Lecturer, Philosophy Department, Rutgers University~ http://georgemasonlawreview.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/04/26-1'7-Salmieri.pdf SM AND use of antibiotics make them relatively unprofitable compared with other disease areas.20 Only antimicrobial resistance causes extinction—-that’s the aff | 10/11/21 |
SO - CP - BiotechTournament: Loyola Invitational | Round: 4 | Opponent: Southlake Carroll EP | Judge: Lena Mizrahi 5CP: The member nations of the World Trade Organization with the exception of the United States should reduce intellectual property protections for COVID-19 medicines. The United States should reduce intellectual property for COVID-19 vaccines.Solves 99 of the aff – all of their advantages are about vaccine distribution US dominance is secured in biotech now, but China’s closing the gap fast – that allows geopolitical and economic advantagesScott Moore 20 ~(Director of the Penn Global China Program at the University of Pennsylvania. Previously, Moore was a Young Professional and Water Resources Management Specialist at the World Bank Group, and Environment, Science, Technology, and Health Officer for China at the U.S.) "China’s Role In The Global Biotechnology Sector And Implications For U.S. Policy" https://www.brookings.edu/wp-content/uploads/2020/04/FP'20200427'china'biotechnology'moore.pdf~~TDI AND the implications of developments in Chinese biotechnology for U.S. policy. The aff’s waiving of IP doesn’t solve but it does give away sensitive national security information that allows China to lead ahead in biotechJosh Rogin 4-8. ~(Washington Post Columnist covering National Security Issues.) "Opinion: The wrong way to fight vaccine nationalism" https://www.washingtonpost.com/opinions/global-opinions/the-wrong-way-to-fight-vaccine-nationalism/2021/04/08/9a65e15e-98a8-11eb-962b-78c1d8228819'story.html ~ TDI AND helping the world and thinking about our strategic interests at the same time. US leniency in vaccine IPR jeopardizes competitiveness across sectors – green tech, AI, semiconductors, aerospace, biotech, and roboticsDuesterberg 21 Thomas J. (Thomas J. Duesterberg is a senior fellow at the Hudson Institute. An expert on trade, manufacturing, economics and foreign policy, he leads project work on trade with Europe and China.), 6-3-2021, "Biden says he wants to out-compete China — so why attack US medical innovation?," TheHill, https://thehill.com/opinion/healthcare/556043-biden-says-he-wants-to-out-compete-china-so-why-attack-us-medical ~ TDI AND over international trade to block this danger to domestic high-technology industries. China will convert biotechnology gains to military advantages, undermining US primacy – specifically true in the context of vaccinesMercy A. Kuo 2017 ~(Executive Vice President at Pamir Consulting.) "The Great US-China Biotechnology and Artificial Intelligence Race" https://thediplomat.com/2017/08/the-great-us-china-biotechnology-and-artificial-intelligence-race/~~ TDI AND are tailored to overcome the immune system or the microbiome of specific populations. Primacy and allied commitments solve arms races and great power war – their Brands card | 9/26/21 |
SO - CP - Chinese InnovationTournament: Loyola Invitational | Round: 5 | Opponent: Memorial SC | Judge: Gordon Krauss 2The member nations of the World Trade Organization except for the People’s Republic of China ought to reduce intellectual property protections for medicines by implementing a one-and-done approach for patent protection.Solves 99 of case – other countries can do innovating China is geared up to become Biotech lead.CAS 7/20 ~(CAS, a division of the American Chemical Society, partners with RandD organizations globally to provide actionable scientific insights that help them plan, innovate, protect their innovations, and predict how new markets and opportunities will evolve. Leverage our unparalleled content, specialized technology, and unmatched human expertise to customize solutions that will give your organization an information advantage.), "3 reasons biotech is booming in China: How can you capitalize on the growth?", https://www.cas.org/resources/blog/3-reasons-biotech-booming-china-how-can-you-capitalize-growth, July 20, 2021~ TDI AND market and intellectual property landscape, as well as governmental and cultural factors. ====US biotech stocks down now.==== AND legislation. All of this comes amid a backdrop of rising interest rates. Their unq and il studies are just abt the US – Sequoia reads yellowFeldman 1 Robin Feldman 2-11-2019 "‘One-and-done’ for new drugs could cut patent thickets and boost generic competition" https://www.statnews.com/2019/02/11/drug-patent-protection-one-done/ (Arthur J. Goldberg Distinguished Professor of Law, Albert Abramson ’54 Distinguished Professor of Law Chair, and Director of the Center for Innovation)SidK + Elmer AND billions of dollars while increasing the incentives for pharmaceutical companies to achieve breakthroughs." CP solves innovation in every other country BUT reversing Chinese lead is key. They can’t get out of this otherwise the aff has zero solvency.Chinese tech leadership leads to nuclear warKroenig 18 (Matthew, Deputy Director for Strategy, Scowcroft Center for Strategy and Security Associate Professor of Government and Foreign Service, Georgetown University) "Will disruptive technology cause nuclear war?" BAS, Nov 12, 2018, https://thebulletin.org/2018/11/will-disruptive-technology-cause-nuclear-war AND race for technological superiority to its autocratic challengers just might mean nuclear Armageddon. | 9/5/21 |
SO - CP - Chinese Innovation v2Tournament: Loyola Invitational | Round: Doubles | Opponent: Westwood BJ | Judge: Claudia Ribera, David Dosch, Danielle Dosch 4The member nations of the World Trade Organization except for the People’s Republic of China ought to reduce intellectual property protections for medicines by implementing a one-and-done approach for patent protection.Solves 99 of case – other countries can do innovating esp cuz the majority of their impact evidence is contextual to the US China is geared up to become Biotech lead.CAS 7/20 ~(CAS, a division of the American Chemical Society, partners with RandD organizations globally to provide actionable scientific insights that help them plan, innovate, protect their innovations, and predict how new markets and opportunities will evolve. Leverage our unparalleled content, specialized technology, and unmatched human expertise to customize solutions that will give your organization an information advantage.), "3 reasons biotech is booming in China: How can you capitalize on the growth?", https://www.cas.org/resources/blog/3-reasons-biotech-booming-china-how-can-you-capitalize-growth, July 20, 2021~ TDI AND market and intellectual property landscape, as well as governmental and cultural factors. ====US biotech stocks down now.==== AND legislation. All of this comes amid a backdrop of rising interest rates. CP solves innovation in every other country BUT reversing Chinese lead is key. They can’t get out of this otherwise the aff has zero solvency.Chinese tech leadership leads to nuclear warKroenig 18 (Matthew, Deputy Director for Strategy, Scowcroft Center for Strategy and Security Associate Professor of Government and Foreign Service, Georgetown University) "Will disruptive technology cause nuclear war?" BAS, Nov 12, 2018, https://thebulletin.org/2018/11/will-disruptive-technology-cause-nuclear-war AND race for technological superiority to its autocratic challengers just might mean nuclear Armageddon. | 9/6/21 |
SO - CP - Chinese Innovation v3Tournament: Nano Nagle RR | Round: 2 | Opponent: Harker DV | Judge: Felicity Park 3CP: The member nations of the World Trade Organization ought to reduce intellectual property protections for emergency use listing medicines during public health emergencies other than Covid-19 of international concern.The People’s Republic of China should:- substantially increase innovation funding, production and global distribution of COVID-19 Vaccines for all current and future waves of the pandemic- includes Sinovac, sionpharm, and any future vaccines - cooperate with allies to achieve increased production and global distribution of the COVID-19 Vaccine.Solves case – China vaccinates the world – even if I kick the counterplan distribution happens anywayPreempt bad – Gostin just manufacturing ~good bc quantity + new waves – cp solves both AND is crucial that everything arrives at the right location at the right time." China’s using absence of vaccine alternates to assert influence.Zhao 4-29 Suisheng Zhao 4-29-2021 "Why China’s vaccine diplomacy is winning" https://www.eastasiaforum.org/2021/04/29/why-chinas-vaccine-diplomacy-is-winning/ (Professor and Director of the Center for China–US Cooperation at the Josef Korbel School of International Studies, University of Denver)Elmer AND countries, receive the vaccines they need to finally beat COVID-19. Waivers are a critical issue in the perceptual ineptness of America and the West.Pratt and Levin 4-29 Simon Frankel Pratt and Jamie Levin 4-29-2021 "Vaccines Will Shape the New Geopolitical Order" https://archive.is/OgDcA~~#selection-847.23-857.11 (Simon Frankel Pratt is a lecturer in the School of Sociology, Politics, and International Studies at the University of Bristol. Jamie Levin is an assistant professor of political science at St. Francis Xavier University in Canada.)Elmer AND inequities within already inequitable trade relationships between these countries and the global south. Chinese hegemony squashes separatist movements.Ryan D. Griffiths 16, Sydney IR senior lecturer, "States, Nations, and Territorial Stability: Why Chinese Hegemony Would Be Better for International Order," Security Studies, 25:3, 519-545 AND fragmentation.78 This is where Chinese hegemony ought to improve international order. WWIII – turns and outweighs the entire case because it makes management of the commons impossibleValaskakis 14, Former OECD Ambassador of Canada (Kimon, "Separatism Everywhere : The New Global Epidemic," http://www.huffingtonpost.com/kimon-valaskakis/separatism-everywhere-the'b'4977800.html) AND could increase the probability of a third one. Not an inspiring scenario. 1AR theory is skewed towards the aff – a) the 2NR must cover substance and over-cover theory, since they get the collapse and persuasive spin advantage of the 3min 2AR, b) their responses to my counter interp will be new, which means 1AR theory necessitates intervention. Implications – a) reject 1AR theory since it can’t be a legitimate check for abuse, b) drop the arg to minimize the chance the round is decided unfairlyCondo’s good – a) prep skew – they’re more familiar with the aff so I need to be able to leverage multiple forms of prep, b) reciprocity – no condo means every perm becomes a no risk issue which creates NIBs to ballot access | 10/11/21 |
SO - CP - Compulsory LicensingTournament: Loyola Invitational | Round: 2 | Opponent: Saratoga AG | Judge: Ben Cortez 3CP: The United States of America should declare covid a national emergency on the basis of and issue compulsory licenses for COVID-19 vaccines. Member nations should offer regulatory and legal assistance to nations filing a compulsory license.Compulsory licensing solves access- empirics and past precedentZhuang 2017 (Wei, PhD from the University of Geneva, is currently an associate in the Geneva Office of Van Bael and Bellis. She assists governments in WTO dispute settlement proceedings and advises companies and governments in trade remedy investigations. Prior to joining Van Bael and Bellis, Wei worked in the Legal Affairs Division of the WTO as part of a Secretariat Team on a trade remedy dispute from beginning to end. In addition, she assisted the WTO Secretariat Team in an IP-related dispute, including by contributing to the preliminary rulings. Wei has also gained practical experience as a legal consultant at the United Nations (2010 – 2011), as a legal intern at the International Tribunal for the Law of the Sea (2009) and as an associate judicial officer at the Commission for Discipline Inspection (Muchuan Branch) in China. Wei was also a Marie Curie Fellow with the DISSETTLE (Dispute Settlement in Trade: Training in Law and Economics) Programme; a Visiting Fellow at the Lauterpacht Centre for International Law, University of Cambridge, and a Research Fellow at the Max Planck Institute for IP and Competition Law. Interpreting Patent-Related Flexibilities in the TRIIPS Agreement for Facilitating Innovation and Transfer of ESTs, chapter 6 of Intellectual Property Rights and Climate Change Cambridge University Press Pg. 298-304)DR 21 AND of compulsory licences as leverage in drug price negotiations with pharmaceutical companies.298 It’s goldilocks - protects patents while allowing urgent access – the perm or the aff shatters IP protections which crushes innovation while the CP strikes an accepted balanceBacchus 2020 (James, Adjunct Fellow, Cato Institute, former U.S. Representative (D-FL), and former Chairman, World Trade Organization’s Appellate Body. "An Unnecessary Proposal: A WTO Waiver of Intellectual Property Rights for COVID-19 Vaccines," Cato https://www.cato.org/free-trade-bulletin/unnecessary-proposal-wto-waiver-intellectual-property-rights-covid-19-vaccines~~#balancing-ip-rights-access-medicines-not-new-wto December 16, 2020)DR 21 AND balance in these rules between upholding IP rights and fulfilling immediate domestic needs. Biotech industry strong now – new innovation and RandD comingCancherini et al. 4/30 ~Laura, Engagement Manager @ McKinsey and Company, Joseph Lydon, Associate Partner @ McKinsey and Company, Jorge Santos Da Silva, Senior Partner at McKinsey and Company, and Alexandra Zemp, Partner at McKinsey and Company~ "What’s ahead for biotech: Another wave or low tide?", McKinsey and Company, 4-30-2021, https://www.mckinsey.com/industries/pharmaceuticals-and-medical-products/our-insights/whats-ahead-for-biotech-another-wave-or-low-tide ajs AND as multi-omics tailored diets) to a multitude of health applications. COVID exceptions erode IP policies broadly – plus their Jecker card spots us spilloverPRMA 21 The Pharmaceutical Research and Manufacturers of America SPECIAL 301 SUBMISSION 2021 https://phrma.org/-/media/Project/PhRMA/PhRMA-Org/PhRMA-Org/PDF/P-R/PhRMA'2021-Special-301'Review'Comment-1.pdf SM AND pandemic, and will inevitably affect IP discussions in countries around the world. Undermines RandD and innovationMercurio 2/12 (Bryan Mercurio, ~Simon F.S. Li Professor of Law at the Chinese University of Hong Kong (CUHK), having served as Associate Dean (Research) from 2010-14 and again from 2017-19. Professor Mercurio specialises in international economic law (IEL), with particular expertise in the intersection between trade law and intellectual property rights, free trade agreements, trade in services, dispute settlement and increasingly international investment law.~, 2-12-2021, "WTO Waiver from Intellectual Property Protection for COVID-19 Vaccines and Treatments: A Critical Review", No Publication, accessed: 8-8-2021, https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract'id=3789820) ajs
AND jeopardy only in exchange for what is at best short-term benefits. Biopharmaceutical innovation is key to prevent future pandemics and bioterror – turns caseMarjanovic and Feijao 20 ~(Sonja Marjanovic, Ph.D., Judge Business School, University of Cambridge. Carolina Feijao, Ph.D. in biochemistry, University of Cambridge; M.Sc. in quantitative biology, Imperial College London; B.Sc. in biology, University of Lisbon.) "How to Best Enable Pharma Innovation Beyond the COVID-19 Crisis," RAND Corporation, 05-2020, https://www.rand.org/pubs/perspectives/PEA407-1.html~~ TDI AND such public health threats to an even greater extent under improved innovation conditions. COVID incentivizes engineered bioterror- extinctionWalsh, 20 — Axios Future correspondent ~Bryan Walsh, "The coronavirus pandemic reawakens bioweapon fears," Axios, 5-14-2020, https://www.axios.com/coronavirus-pandemic-pathogen-bioweapon-45417c86-52aa-41b1-8a99-44a6e597d3a8.html, accessed 9-7-2020~ AND could potentially make a dangerous engineered virus, whether deliberately or by accident. 1AR theory is skewed towards the aff – a) the 2NR must cover substance and over-cover theory, since they get the collapse and persuasive spin advantage of the 3min 2AR, b) their responses to my counter interp will be new, which means 1AR theory necessitates intervention. Implications – a) reject 1AR theory since it can’t be a legitimate check for abuse, b) drop the arg to minimize the chance the round is decided unfairly, | 9/5/21 |
SO - CP - Constitutional ConventionTournament: Loyola Invitational | Round: 2 | Opponent: Saratoga AG | Judge: Ben Cortez 5The United States, using a strictly limited constitutional convention ratified by at least thirty-eight of the States, should pass an amendment to the constitution that prohibits the usage of intellectual property protections for COVID-19 vaccines. | 9/5/21 |
SO - CP - DistributionTournament: Loyola Invitational | Round: 2 | Opponent: Saratoga AG | Judge: Ben Cortez 4The United States federal government should:- substantially increase production and global distribution of the COVID-19 Vaccine- cooperate with allies to achieve increased production and global distribution of the COVID-19 Vaccine.That solves better – IP rights don’t hinder vaccine cooperation, but manufacturing capacity is the current constraint.Hans Sauer 6-17 ~(Deputy General Counsel, Biotechnology Industry Organization.) "Web event — Confronting Joe Biden’s proposed TRIPS waiver for COVID-19 vaccines and treatments" https://www.aei.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/06/210617-Confronting-Joe-Bidens-proposed-TRIPS-waiver.pdf?x91208andx91208~~ TDI AND governments to stop export controls and to dedicate themselves to more global equity. | 9/5/21 |
SO - CP - Distribution v2Tournament: Loyola Invitational | Round: 4 | Opponent: Southlake Carroll EP | Judge: Lena Mizrahi 3The United States should:- substantially increase production and global distribution of the COVID-19 Vaccine- cooperate with allies to achieve increased production and global distribution of the COVID-19 Vaccine.Solves heg – us intervenes in vaccine diplomacy better than the aff bc it looks like follow on w the other wto countries That solves better – IP rights don’t hinder vaccine cooperation, but manufacturing capacity is the current constraint.Hans Sauer 6-17 ~(Deputy General Counsel, Biotechnology Industry Organization.) "Web event — Confronting Joe Biden’s proposed TRIPS waiver for COVID-19 vaccines and treatments" https://www.aei.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/06/210617-Confronting-Joe-Bidens-proposed-TRIPS-waiver.pdf?x91208andx91208~~ TDI AND governments to stop export controls and to dedicate themselves to more global equity. Unilateral US action is necessary to combat Chinese and Russian vaccine diplomacy – they’re establishing spheres of influence because of few vaccines in developing countries – collapses the LIO.Carman and Carl 21. ~(Ezequiel Carman is an Argentine lawyer and global health and trade policy consultant. Previously, he served as a legal advisor to the Ministry of Justice of Buenos Aires, an assistant professor of international public law at the Universidad Católica Argentina, and a research assistant at the O’Neill Institute for National and Global Health Law. Joseph Carl is a graduate of Liberty University, where he studied international relations and strategic international studies. He has worked for the U.S. Department of State and the Heritage Foundation) "A U.S. vaccine diplomacy strategy for Latin America and the Caribbean," The Global Americans, June 15, 2021. https://theglobalamericans.org/2021/06/a-u-s-vaccine-diplomacy-strategy-for-latin-america-and-the-caribbean/~~ TDI AND do not align with the diplomatic and economic interests of the United States. Heg is good – that’s the aff | 9/26/21 |
SO - CP - Future PandemicsTournament: Greenhill Fall Classic | Round: 5 | Opponent: Strake KS | Judge: David Yi 3CP: During the next national public health emergency, the United States of America ought to reduce intellectual property protections for relevant medicines. The plan’s implemented through a TRIPS waiver for the US.No solvency deficit – they didn’t read a Covid existential impact, and there’s no reason setting the precedent now vs next time is key. | 9/19/21 |
SO - CP - InnovationTournament: Greenhill Fall Classic | Round: 4 | Opponent: Harker DV | Judge: Rachel Mauchline 3CP: The member states of the European Union ought to increase trade secret protections for medicines, including standardization.ICC 14 "TRADE SECRETS: TOOLS FOR INNOVATION AND COLLABORATION" 2014 International Chamber of Commerce (ICC) https://iccwbo.org/content/uploads/sites/3/2017/02/ICC-Research-Trade-Secrets-english.pdf SM AND misappropriation occurs – often in jurisdictions that offer little or no effective protection. Biotech industry strong now – new innovation and RandD comingCancherini et al. 4/30 ~Laura, Engagement Manager @ McKinsey and Company, Joseph Lydon, Associate Partner @ McKinsey and Company, Jorge Santos Da Silva, Senior Partner at McKinsey and Company, and Alexandra Zemp, Partner at McKinsey and Company~ "What’s ahead for biotech: Another wave or low tide?", McKinsey and Company, 4-30-2021, https://www.mckinsey.com/industries/pharmaceuticals-and-medical-products/our-insights/whats-ahead-for-biotech-another-wave-or-low-tide ajs AND as multi-omics tailored diets) to a multitude of health applications. Strong IPR is key to innovation – empirics and FDIEzell and Cory 19 ~Stephen Ezell, BS from School of Foreign Service at Georgetown, VP of global innovation policy at Information Technology and Innovation Foundation. Nigel Cory, MA in public policy from Georgetown, BA in international business from Griffith University, Associate Director of trade policy at Information Technology and Innovation Foundation, former researcher in the Southeast Asia Program at the Center for Strategic and International Studies.~ "The Way Forward for Intellectual Property Internationally," Information Technology and Innovation Foundation, April 25, 2019, https://itif.org/publications/2019/04/25/way-forward-intellectual-property-internationally TG AND for foreign direct investment which in turn also leads to economic growth."56 EU keyEPM Scientific 19 (202, ~~, 4-1-2019, "Why US Biotech Companies Should Consider Launching in Europe Directly", No Publication, accessed: 9-18-2021, https://www.epmscientific.com/blog/2019/04/why-us-biotech-companies-should-consider-launching-in-europe-directly) ajs AND . Now companies may have more success going straight to market in Europe. Trade secrets create incentive for collaboration and drive innovation through profit motives – that turns the aff because companies will increase secrecy.ICC 14 "TRADE SECRETS: TOOLS FOR INNOVATION AND COLLABORATION" 2014 International Chamber of Commerce (ICC) https://iccwbo.org/content/uploads/sites/3/2017/02/ICC-Research-Trade-Secrets-english.pdf SM AND of protection are credited with stimulating the most value creation (Cummings 2008). Biopharmaceutical innovation is key to prevent future pandemics and bioterror – turns caseMarjanovic and Feijao 20 ~(Sonja Marjanovic, Ph.D., Judge Business School, University of Cambridge. Carolina Feijao, Ph.D. in biochemistry, University of Cambridge; M.Sc. in quantitative biology, Imperial College London; B.Sc. in biology, University of Lisbon.) "How to Best Enable Pharma Innovation Beyond the COVID-19 Crisis," RAND Corporation, 05-2020, https://www.rand.org/pubs/perspectives/PEA407-1.html~~ TDI AND such public health threats to an even greater extent under improved innovation conditions. COVID incentivizes engineered bioterror- extinctionWalsh, 20 — Axios Future correspondent ~Bryan Walsh, "The coronavirus pandemic reawakens bioweapon fears," Axios, 5-14-2020, https://www.axios.com/coronavirus-pandemic-pathogen-bioweapon-45417c86-52aa-41b1-8a99-44a6e597d3a8.html, accessed 9-7-2020~ AND could potentially make a dangerous engineered virus, whether deliberately or by accident. | 9/20/21 |
SO - CP - Medicine vs Extra TTournament: Greenhill Fall Classic | Round: 1 | Opponent: Coppell HA | Judge: Chris Theis 2The member nations of the World Trade Organization ought to abolish all intellectual property protections with the exception of intellectual property protections for medicines.Solves the entire aff –
AND NON WTO COUNTRIes – if they’re rifght all econonmic counrties wlil j move to The US is leading the biopharmaceuticals race – but China is close. Catching up would be a death sentence for US lead.Gupta 21 ~Gaurav; Physician, founder of the biotechnology investment firm Ascendant BioCapital; "As Washington Ties Pharma’s Hands, China Is Leaping Ahead," Barrons; 6/11/21; https://www.barrons.com/articles/as-washington-ties-pharmas-hands-china-is-leaping-ahead-51623438808~~ Justin AND of research capacity will negatively affect Americans’ access to cutting-edge therapies. The plan gives away sensitive biotechnology information that facilitates a China lead.Rogin 21 ~Josh; Columnist for the Global Opinions section of the Washington Post and a political analyst with CNN. Previously, he has covered foreign policy and national security for Bloomberg View, Newsweek, the Daily Beast, Foreign Policy magazine, Congressional Quarterly, Federal Computer Week magazine and Japan’s Asahi Shimbun newspaper. He was a 2011 finalist for the Livingston Award for Young Journalists and the 2011 recipient of the Interaction Award for Excellence in International Reporting. Rogin holds a BA in international affairs from George Washington University and studied at Sophia University in Tokyo. He lives in Washington, DC; "Opinion: The wrong way to fight vaccine nationalism," The Washington Post; 4/8/21; https://www.washingtonpost.com/opinions/global-opinions/the-wrong-way-to-fight-vaccine-nationalism/2021/04/08/9a65e15e-98a8-11eb-962b-78c1d8228819'story.html~~ Justin AND Cohen, senior fellow at the University of California at Berkeley Law School. Gains are directly converted to military prowess – destroys US primacy.Kuo 17 ~Mercy A; Executive Vice President at Pamir Consulting; "The Great US-China Biotechnology and Artificial Intelligence Race," The Diplomat; 8/23/17; https://thediplomat.com/2017/08/the-great-us-china-biotechnology-and-artificial-intelligence-race/~~ TDI Re-Cut Justin AND are tailored to overcome the immune system or the microbiome of specific populations. That causes extinction.Yulis 17 ~Max; Major in PoliSci, Penn Political Review; "In Defense of Liberal Internationalism," Penn Political Review; 4/8/17; http://pennpoliticalreview.org/2017/04/in-defense-of-liberal-internationalism/~~ Re-Cut Justin AND globe as companies fade takes a really long time / not an immate process | 9/18/21 |
SO - CP - Orphan DrugsTournament: Mid America Cup | Round: 3 | Opponent: Harrison JP | Judge: Eric He 4CP: The member nations of the World Trade Organization shouldreduce intellectual property protections for non-orphan drug women’s health.should organize an international effort to purchase women’s health medicines and distribute it equitably at no cost on a needs basis by declaring it a human right.Only exclusive patent protection rights paired with incentives can rare diseases that won’t be treated under natural market incentives.Henry Grabowski 2, Patents, Innovation and Access to New Pharmaceuticals, Journal of International Economic Law, Volume 5, Issue 4, December 2002, Pages 849–860, https://doi.org/10.1093/jiel/5.4.849 AND a system of market incentives would appear to be a fruitful guiding principle. It competes - LPCN 1107 or PTB is a designated orphan drug engineered to reduce pain and prevent preterm birth in women with a history of preterm birth – generates offense under the aff’s framing.Lipocine 15 Lipocine Investor Room, 6-2-2015, "Lipocine Receives FDA Orphan Drug Designation for LPCN 1107, an Oral Product Candidate for the Prevention of Preterm Birth," https://ir.lipocine.com/Lipocine-Receives-FDA-Orphan-Drug-Designation-for-LPCN-1107-an-Oral-Product-Candidate-for-the-Prevention-of-Preterm-Birth mvp Solves the aff – their solvency advocate is super vague and just says access needs to increase.1AC Mike 2: Mike, Jennifer H. ~School of Law, American University of Nigeria, Yola, Nigeria, Nigeria~ "Access to essential medicines to guarantee women's rights to health: The pharmaceutical patents connection" Wiley Online Library, 2020. https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/jwip.12161 JP | 9/25/21 |
SO - CP - Sui GenerisTournament: Greenhill Fall Classic RR | Round: 5 | Opponent: Harrison AC | Judge: Andrew Halverson, Ben Cortez 1CP: The member nations of the world trade organization ought to –—-create a new form of Sui Generis patent applications as per Vezina 20—-Grant this form of patent to Indigenous peoples—-Exclude non Indigenous groups from applying for Sui Generis patents and reduce intellectual property protections for medicines for non Indigenous groupsSui generis moral rights framework emphasizing guardianship over ownership and are the only way to stop the appropriate that comes with public knowledge – answers the reforms fail ev bc it bars settlers from using knowledge which isn’t sharing – also solves K of IPR used by Indigenous groups bc it uses a new fwVézina 20 "Ensuring Respect for Indigenous Cultures A Moral Rights Approach" Brigitte Vézina ~fellow at the Canadian think tank Centre for International Governance Innovation. She holds a bachelor’s degree in law from the Université de Montréal and a master’s in law from Georgetown University~, Centre for International Governance Innovation Papers No. 243 — May 2020, https://www.cigionline.org/static/documents/documents/vezina-paper'1.pdf SM AND trumps these concerns, as no use should be considered offensive per se. Reforming IPR is key to affirming native sovereignty. Solves the aff because it shifts away from western conceptions of property, but the perm fails since we think IPR is good.Younging 10 "Intergovernmental Committee On Intellectual Property And Genetic Resources Traditional Knowledge And Folklore" Seventeenth Session Geneva, December 6-10, 2010 Wipo Indigenous Panel On The Role Of The Public Domain Concept: Experiences In The Fields Of Genetic Resources, Traditional Knowledge And Traditional Cultural Expressions: Experiences From Canada Document prepared by Mr. Gregory Younging ~Creative Rights Alliance, Kelowna, Canada, Opaskwayak Cree Nation-Canada~ https://www.wipo.int/edocs/mdocs/tk/en/wipo'grtkf'ic'17/wipo'grtkf'ic'17'inf'5'a.pdf SM AND made outside the problematic frameworks of the colonization of TK and Gnaritas Nullius. | 9/18/21 |
SO - CP - USTournament: Mid America Cup | Round: 6 | Opponent: Iowa City West JS | Judge: James Stuckert 3CP: Member nations of the WTO, except the United States, should reduce intellectual property protections for medicines. The United States should reduce intellectual property protections for medicines, except for COVID-19 vaccines.Polls negate in the US 57Schulte 5/4, Gabriel. "Poll: Majority oppose proposal to temporarily waive intellectual property rights on COVID-19 vaccines," Hill, May 4, 2021, https://thehill.com/hilltv/what-americas-thinking/551797-poll-majority-oppose-proposal-to-temporarily-waive-intellectual TG AND . By contrast, 43 percent of respondents said they support the proposal. They only highlighted polls from Italy and the UK which means the CP solves the whole affNo new 1AR polls – it’s like reading a new advantage to a policy aff which incentivizes latebreaking debates and sandbagging advantages to the 1AR so the neg only gets one chance to respondThe random moral testimony offense:A~ doesn’t have an impact under their framework cuz polls is a majority of people so our offense o/w under pollsB~ isn’t specific to the US – only we have ev on US votersC~ disad definitely o/w Dr Tedros’ opinion under util—and means we shuold deault to our authros bc theyre scientists on this issue and other ocunrires not the us doing it is prob sufficent1AR theory is skewed towards the aff – a) the 2NR must cover substance and over-cover theory, since they get the collapse and persuasive spin advantage of the 3min 2AR, b) their responses to my counter interp will be new, which means 1AR theory necessitates intervention. Implications – a) reject 1AR theory since it can’t be a legitimate check for abuse, b) drop the arg to minimize the chance the round is decided unfairly, c) use reasonability with a bar of defense or the aff always wins since the 2AR can line by line the whole 2NR without winning real abuse | 9/26/21 |
SO - CP - US DistributionTournament: Greenhill Fall Classic | Round: 5 | Opponent: Strake KS | Judge: David Yi 2The United States federal government should:- substantially increase production and global distribution of necessary medicines during pandemics- cooperate with allies to achieve increased production and global distribution of necessary medicines during pandemicsThat solves better – IP rights don’t hinder vaccine cooperation, but manufacturing capacity is the current constraint.Hans Sauer 6-17 ~(Deputy General Counsel, Biotechnology Industry Organization.) "Web event — Confronting Joe Biden’s proposed TRIPS waiver for COVID-19 vaccines and treatments" https://www.aei.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/06/210617-Confronting-Joe-Bidens-proposed-TRIPS-waiver.pdf?x91208andx91208~~ TDI AND governments to stop export controls and to dedicate themselves to more global equity. The US should take the lead – otherwise, China and Russia will use vaccine diplomacy to advance foreign policy goals. The counterplan alone solves and reinvigorates US leadership.Gayle et al 21. ~(HELENE GAYLE is President and CEO of the Chicago Community Trust and has served in global health and development roles with CARE, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, and the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation. GORDON LaFORGE is a Senior Researcher at Princeton University and a lecturer at Arizona State University’s Thunderbird School of Global Management. ANNE-MARIE SLAUGHTER is CEO of New America and former Director of Policy Planning at the U.S. State Department) "America Can—and Should—Vaccinate the World," Foreign Affairs, March 19, 2021. https://www.foreignaffairs.com/articles/united-states/2021-03-19/america-can-and-should-vaccinate-world~~ TDI AND not only "back" but looking—and leading—far ahead. 1AR theory is skewed towards the aff – a) the 2NR must cover substance and over-cover theory, since they get the collapse and persuasive spin advantage of the 3min 2AR, b) their responses to my counter interp will be new, which means 1AR theory necessitates intervention. Implications – a) reject 1AR theory since it can’t be a legitimate check for abuse, b) drop the arg to minimize the chance the round is decided unfairly, c) use reasonability with a bar of defense or the aff always wins since the 2AR can line by line the whole 2NR without winning real abuse | 9/19/21 |
SO - CP - Womens HealthTournament: Mid America Cup | Round: Octas | Opponent: Harrison AA | Judge: Jack Quisenberry, Victor Chen, Chris Theis 3CP: The Member Nations of the World Trade Organization, except for the United States, should fund research and development and buy and freely distribute women’s health medicine. The 50 states of the United States and all relevant territories should fund research and development and buy and freely distribute women’s health medicine.Solves the aff – their solvency advocate is super vague and just says access needs to increase.1AC Mike 2: Mike, Jennifer H. ~School of Law, American University of Nigeria, Yola, Nigeria, Nigeria~ "Access to essential medicines to guarantee women's rights to health: The pharmaceutical patents connection" Wiley Online Library, 2020. https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/jwip.12161 JP AND and also guarantee the sustainable availability and accessibility of drugs through every avenue. | 9/28/21 |
SO - DA - AntitrustTournament: Loyola Invitational | Round: 5 | Opponent: Memorial SC | Judge: Gordon Krauss 4Bipartisan antitrust bills passing now but continued PC needed to pacify republicans.Perlman 9/3 ~Matthew; 9/3/21; "Interest Groups Back Big Tech Antitrust Bills In House," LAW360, https://www.law360.com/competition/articles/1418789/interest-groups-back-big-tech-antitrust-bills-in-house~~ Justin AND agree is already doing great harm to our democracy," the letter said. Aff requires negotiations that saps PC.Pooley 21 ~James; Former deputy director general of the United Nations’ World Intellectual Property Organization and a member of the Center for Intellectual Property Understanding; "Drawn-Out Negotiations Over Covid IP Will Blow Back on Biden," Barron’s; 5/26/21; https://www.barrons.com/articles/drawn-out-negotiations-over-covid-ip-will-blow-back-on-biden-51621973675~~ Justin AND helping export our surplus vaccine doses and vaccine ingredients to countries in need. Antitrust is key to the DIB – brink is now.Sitaraman 20 ~Ganesh; Vanderbilt University Law School; "The National Security Case for Breaking Up Big Tech," Knight First Amendment Institute at Columbia; 3/12/20; https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract'id=3537870~~ brett Re-Cut Justin AND redirected via monopoly profits to the pockets of big tech executives and shareholders. That solves extinction through great power war.Marks 19 ~Michael; Former Senior Policy Advisor to the Under Secretary for Security Assistance, Science and Technology at the U.S. Department of State; "Strengthen US Industry To Counter National Security Challenges," American Military News; 10/10/19; https://americanmilitarynews.com/2019/10/strengthen-us-industry-to-counter-national-security-challenges/~~ Justin AND industry, therefore, will be critical to countering our national security challenges. | 9/5/21 |
SO - DA - China RiseTournament: Mid America Cup | Round: 2 | Opponent: Millard North NL | Judge: Maya Xia 3China’s using absence of vaccine alternates to assert influence.Zhao 4-29 Suisheng Zhao 4-29-2021 "Why China’s vaccine diplomacy is winning" https://www.eastasiaforum.org/2021/04/29/why-chinas-vaccine-diplomacy-is-winning/ (Professor and Director of the Center for China–US Cooperation at the Josef Korbel School of International Studies, University of Denver)Elmer AND countries, receive the vaccines they need to finally beat COVID-19. Waivers are a critical issue in the perceptual ineptness of America and the West.Pratt and Levin 4-29 Simon Frankel Pratt and Jamie Levin 4-29-2021 "Vaccines Will Shape the New Geopolitical Order" https://archive.is/OgDcA~~#selection-847.23-857.11 (Simon Frankel Pratt is a lecturer in the School of Sociology, Politics, and International Studies at the University of Bristol. Jamie Levin is an assistant professor of political science at St. Francis Xavier University in Canada.)Elmer AND inequities within already inequitable trade relationships between these countries and the global south. Chinese leadership solves existential threats.Yamei 18 Shen Yamei 18, Deputy Director and Associate Research Fellow of Department for American Studies, China Institute of International Studies, 1-9-2018, "Probing into the "Chinese Solution" for the Transformation of Global Governance," CAIFC, http://www.caifc.org.cn/en/content.aspx?id=4491 AND , refugees, climate change and public hygiene by debt forgiveness and assistance. Solves case – China vaccinates the world.Mallapaty 6-9 Smriti Mallapaty 6-9-2021 "China is vaccinating a staggering 20 million people a day" https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-021-01545-3 (She has a master of science degree in environmental technology from Imperial College London.)Elmer AND is crucial that everything arrives at the right location at the right time." | 9/26/21 |
SO - DA - InfrastructureTournament: Loyola Invitational | Round: 2 | Opponent: Saratoga AG | Judge: Ben Cortez 6Infrastructure is making halting progress via reconciliation – bipartisanship is key for Manchin and Republicans to not nuke itLitvan 9/2 ~Laura~ "Manchin Jolts Democrats by Urging ‘Pause’ on $3.5 Trillion Bill," Bloomberg, September 2, 2021, https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2021-09-02/manchin-tells-democrats-to-pause-on-biden-s-3-5-trillion-plan TG AND package, although moderates have been promised an infrastructure vote by late September. General bipartisanship could spark compromise but the plan’s partisan nature tanks any shotMontanari 21 "Biden’s Undermining Of U.S. Intellectual Property Rights Is Dangerous And Will Hurt Pandemic Response," Lorenzo Montanari ~executive director of Property Rights Alliance, an advocacy policy group in charge of publishing the International Property Rights Index~, May 12, 2021 https://www.forbes.com/sites/lorenzomontanari/2021/05/12/bidens-undermining-of-us-intellectual-property-rights-is-dangerous-and-will-hurt-pandemic-response/?sh=4a74c5004890 SM AND strong and fair IP system risk being seriously damaged with this Biden move. Infrastructure investment beats China in the tech-raceAnderson 2/22 ~(Norman, Chairman and CEO of CG/LA Infrastructure, a firm focused on global infrastructure project development, driving productivity across countries, and maximizing the benefits of infrastructure for people in the U.S. and around the world) "The Biden Infrastructure Plan - 5 Actions To Jolt Us Awake, Now," Forbes, 2-22-2021, https://www.forbes.com/sites/normananderson/2021/02/22/the-biden-infrastructure-plan5-actions-to-jolt-us-awake-now/?sh=1d72f17b2ebd~~ TDI AND and the last thing he thinks about before going to bed at night. Chinese tech leadership leads to nuclear warKroenig 18 (Matthew, Deputy Director for Strategy, Scowcroft Center for Strategy and Security Associate Professor of Government and Foreign Service, Georgetown University) "Will disruptive technology cause nuclear war?" BAS, Nov 12, 2018, https://thebulletin.org/2018/11/will-disruptive-technology-cause-nuclear-war AND race for technological superiority to its autocratic challengers just might mean nuclear Armageddon. | 9/5/21 |
SO - DA - Infrastructure v2Tournament: Greenhill Fall Classic | Round: 5 | Opponent: Strake KS | Judge: David Yi 4Infrastructure passes now due to Biden and Pelosi involvement – Biden PC and tight timetables makes the margin for error literally ZEROElliott 9-16 (Philip Elliott is a Washington Correspondent for TIME. Before joining TIME in early 2015, he spent almost a decade at The Associated Press, where he covered politics, campaign finance, education and the White House. He is a graduate of the E.W. Scripps School of Journalism at Ohio University, September 16, 2021, accessed on 9-17-2021, Time, "Democrats Face a Grueling Two Weeks as Infighting Erupts Over Infrastructure", https://time.com/6098810/house-democrats-reconciliation/)//babcii AND rivals the spending the United States unleashed to close out World War II. Attacks on pharmaceutical profits triggers Mod Dem Backlash – it disrupts unity.Cohen 9-6 Joshua Cohen 9-6-2021 "Democrats’ Plans To Introduce Prescription Drug Pricing Reform Face Formidable Obstacles" https://www.forbes.com/sites/joshuacohen/2021/09/06/democrats-plans-to-introduce-prescription-drug-pricing-reform-face-obstacles/?sh=37a269917395 (independent healthcare analyst with over 22 years of experience analyzing healthcare and pharmaceuticals.)Elmer AND drug pricing reform encounter challenges which may prevent impactful modifications from taking place. Sinema specifically jumps ship.Hancock and Lucas 20 Jay Hancock and Elizabeth Lucas 5-29-2020 "A Senator From Arizona Emerges As A Pharma Favorite" https://khn.org/news/a-senator-from-arizona-emerges-as-a-pharma-favorite/ (Senior Correspondent, joined KHN in 2012 from The Baltimore Sun, where he wrote a column on business and finance. Previously he covered the State Department and the economics beat for The Sun and health care for The Virginian-Pilot of Norfolk and the Daily Press of Newport News. He has a bachelor’s degree from Colgate University and a master’s in journalism from Northwestern University.)Elmer AND lawmakers harshly critical of high drug prices and the companies that set them. Pharma backlash turns caseHuetteman 19 ~Emmarie Huetteman, former NYT Congressional correspondent with an MA in public affairs reporting from Northwestern University’s Medill School, 2-26-2019, "Senators Who Led Pharma-Friendly Patent Reform Also Prime Targets For Pharma Cash," Kaiser Health News, https://khn.org/news/senators-who-led-pharma-friendly-patent-reform-also-prime-targets-for-pharma-cash/~~ AND controls on drug prices. The Senate has not voted on the bill. Infrastructure investment beats China in the tech-raceAnderson 2/22 ~(Norman, Chairman and CEO of CG/LA Infrastructure, a firm focused on global infrastructure project development, driving productivity across countries, and maximizing the benefits of infrastructure for people in the U.S. and around the world) "The Biden Infrastructure Plan - 5 Actions To Jolt Us Awake, Now," Forbes, 2-22-2021, https://www.forbes.com/sites/normananderson/2021/02/22/the-biden-infrastructure-plan5-actions-to-jolt-us-awake-now/?sh=1d72f17b2ebd~~ TDI AND and the last thing he thinks about before going to bed at night. Chinese tech leadership leads to nuclear warKroenig 18 (Matthew, Deputy Director for Strategy, Scowcroft Center for Strategy and Security Associate Professor of Government and Foreign Service, Georgetown University) "Will disruptive technology cause nuclear war?" BAS, Nov 12, 2018, https://thebulletin.org/2018/11/will-disruptive-technology-cause-nuclear-war AND race for technological superiority to its autocratic challengers just might mean nuclear Armageddon. | 9/19/21 |
SO - DA - Infrastructure v3Tournament: Mid America Cup | Round: Octas | Opponent: Harrison AA | Judge: Jack Quisenberry, Victor Chen, Chris Theis 4Infrastructure passes now due to Biden and Pelosi involvement – Biden PC and tight timetables makes the margin for error literally ZEROElliott 9-16 (Philip Elliott is a Washington Correspondent for TIME. Before joining TIME in early 2015, he spent almost a decade at The Associated Press, where he covered politics, campaign finance, education and the White House. He is a graduate of the E.W. Scripps School of Journalism at Ohio University, September 16, 2021, accessed on 9-17-2021, Time, "Democrats Face a Grueling Two Weeks as Infighting Erupts Over Infrastructure", https://time.com/6098810/house-democrats-reconciliation/)//babcii AND rivals the spending the United States unleashed to close out World War II. Attacks on pharmaceutical profits triggers Mod Dem Backlash – it disrupts unity.Cohen 9-6 Joshua Cohen 9-6-2021 "Democrats’ Plans To Introduce Prescription Drug Pricing Reform Face Formidable Obstacles" https://www.forbes.com/sites/joshuacohen/2021/09/06/democrats-plans-to-introduce-prescription-drug-pricing-reform-face-obstacles/?sh=37a269917395 (independent healthcare analyst with over 22 years of experience analyzing healthcare and pharmaceuticals.)Elmer AND drug pricing reform encounter challenges which may prevent impactful modifications from taking place. Sinema specifically jumps ship.Hancock and Lucas 20 Jay Hancock and Elizabeth Lucas 5-29-2020 "A Senator From Arizona Emerges As A Pharma Favorite" https://khn.org/news/a-senator-from-arizona-emerges-as-a-pharma-favorite/ (Senior Correspondent, joined KHN in 2012 from The Baltimore Sun, where he wrote a column on business and finance. Previously he covered the State Department and the economics beat for The Sun and health care for The Virginian-Pilot of Norfolk and the Daily Press of Newport News. He has a bachelor’s degree from Colgate University and a master’s in journalism from Northwestern University.)Elmer AND lawmakers harshly critical of high drug prices and the companies that set them. Pharma backlash turns caseHuetteman 19 ~Emmarie Huetteman, former NYT Congressional correspondent with an MA in public affairs reporting from Northwestern University’s Medill School, 2-26-2019, "Senators Who Led Pharma-Friendly Patent Reform Also Prime Targets For Pharma Cash," Kaiser Health News, https://khn.org/news/senators-who-led-pharma-friendly-patent-reform-also-prime-targets-for-pharma-cash/~~ AND controls on drug prices. The Senate has not voted on the bill. Comprehensive infrastructure investment is key to all facets of the economyCondon 2/21 ~(Christopher, overing the Treasury and U.S. economic policy at Bloomberg News, with Erik Wasson) "Biden’s Economic Legacy at Stake as Next Package Takes Shape," Bloomberg, 2-21-2021, https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2021-02-21/biden-s-economic-legacy-at-stake-with-next-package-taking-shape~~ TDI AND and with lower borrowing costs, more investments today can clear that bar." Post-COVID economic rebound secures geopolitical dominance—-the alternative is global conflict, EU collapse and Chinese authoritarian dominanceKempe 20 ~(Frederick, best-selling author, prize-winning journalist and president and CEO of the Atlantic Council, one of the United States’ most influential think tanks on global affairs. He worked at The Wall Street Journal for more than 25 years as a foreign correspondent, assistant managing editor and as the longest-serving editor of the paper’s European edition.) "Op-ed: How the US can win the post-coronavirus race for global dominance," CNBC, 4-18-2020, https://www.cnbc.com/2020/04/18/op-ed-how-us-can-win-the-post-coronavirus-race-for-global-dominance.html~~ TDI AND victory will be longest lasting if it can achieved alongside partners and allies. Nuclear warHenricksen 17, emeritus senior fellow at the Hoover Institution (Thomas, "Post-American World Order," Hoover Institution, http://www.hoover.org/research/post-american-world-order) AND problems which could entail a collapse, as happened to the Soviet Union. | 9/28/21 |
SO - DA - Infrastructure v4Tournament: Nano Nagle Classic | Round: 4 | Opponent: Samammish LW | Judge: Vanessa Nguyen 2Infrastructure passes now due to Biden and Pelosi involvement – Biden PC and tight timetables makes the margin for error literally ZEROElliott 9-16 (Philip Elliott is a Washington Correspondent for TIME. Before joining TIME in early 2015, he spent almost a decade at The Associated Press, where he covered politics, campaign finance, education and the White House. He is a graduate of the E.W. Scripps School of Journalism at Ohio University, September 16, 2021, accessed on 9-17-2021, Time, "Democrats Face a Grueling Two Weeks as Infighting Erupts Over Infrastructure", https://time.com/6098810/house-democrats-reconciliation/)//babcii AND rivals the spending the United States unleashed to close out World War II. Ev from this week proves its on the brinkCochrane, et al 10/1 (Emily Cochrane, Luke Broadwater and Jonathan Weisman, ~~, 10-8-2021, "Biden puts the infrastructure bill on hold, saying Democrats need to unite on social spending.", No Publication, accessed: 10-8-2021, https://www.nytimes.com/2021/10/01/us/politics/house-infrastructure-delay-vote.html) ajs AND work, with the promise of 72 hours’ notice before being called back. Attacks on pharmaceutical profits triggers Mod Dem Backlash – it disrupts unity.Cohen 9-6 Joshua Cohen 9-6-2021 "Democrats’ Plans To Introduce Prescription Drug Pricing Reform Face Formidable Obstacles" https://www.forbes.com/sites/joshuacohen/2021/09/06/democrats-plans-to-introduce-prescription-drug-pricing-reform-face-obstacles/?sh=37a269917395 (independent healthcare analyst with over 22 years of experience analyzing healthcare and pharmaceuticals.)Elmer AND drug pricing reform encounter challenges which may prevent impactful modifications from taking place. Big pharma loves data exclusivity – it gives them generics and makes them lots of moneyRagavan 18 Srividhya Ragavan, The Drug Debate: Data Exclusivity is the New Way to Delay Generics, 50 Conn. L. Rev. Online 1 (2018). Available at: https://scholarship.law.tamu.edu/facscholar/1184 mvp AND from duplicating the clinical trial will result in delaying access to the consumers. Sinema specifically jumps ship.Hancock and Lucas 20 Jay Hancock and Elizabeth Lucas 5-29-2020 "A Senator From Arizona Emerges As A Pharma Favorite" https://khn.org/news/a-senator-from-arizona-emerges-as-a-pharma-favorite/ (Senior Correspondent, joined KHN in 2012 from The Baltimore Sun, where he wrote a column on business and finance. Previously he covered the State Department and the economics beat for The Sun and health care for The Virginian-Pilot of Norfolk and the Daily Press of Newport News. He has a bachelor’s degree from Colgate University and a master’s in journalism from Northwestern University.)Elmer AND lawmakers harshly critical of high drug prices and the companies that set them. Pharma backlash turns case – waters down plan too muchHuetteman 19 ~Emmarie Huetteman, former NYT Congressional correspondent with an MA in public affairs reporting from Northwestern University’s Medill School, 2-26-2019, "Senators Who Led Pharma-Friendly Patent Reform Also Prime Targets For Pharma Cash," Kaiser Health News, https://khn.org/news/senators-who-led-pharma-friendly-patent-reform-also-prime-targets-for-pharma-cash/~~ AND controls on drug prices. The Senate has not voted on the bill. Infrastructure reform solves Existential Climate Change – it results in spill-over.USA Today 7-20 7-20-2021 "Climate change is at 'code red' status for the planet, and inaction is no longer an option" https://www.usatoday.com/story/opinion/todaysdebate/2021/07/20/climate-change-biden-infrastructure-bill-good-start/7877118002/ Elmer AND persuading others to follow our lead. Further delay is not an option. This time it’s actually try or die – the planet is screwed absent infrastructureRebecca Leber 21 (Rebecca Leber, ~~, 10-7-2021, "The US is closer than ever before to making major progress on the climate crisis", Vox, accessed: 10-8-2021, https://www.vox.com/22685920/democrats-infrastructure-build-back-better-climate-change) ajs AND and what Congress does next will help determine the future of the climate. | 10/9/21 |
SO - DA - InnovationTournament: Loyola Invitational | Round: 4 | Opponent: Southlake Carroll EP | Judge: Lena Mizrahi 4Biotech industry strong now – new innovation and RandD comingCancherini et al. 4/30 ~Laura, Engagement Manager @ McKinsey and Company, Joseph Lydon, Associate Partner @ McKinsey and Company, Jorge Santos Da Silva, Senior Partner at McKinsey and Company, and Alexandra Zemp, Partner at McKinsey and Company~ "What’s ahead for biotech: Another wave or low tide?", McKinsey and Company, 4-30-2021, https://www.mckinsey.com/industries/pharmaceuticals-and-medical-products/our-insights/whats-ahead-for-biotech-another-wave-or-low-tide ajs AND as multi-omics tailored diets) to a multitude of health applications. COVID exceptions erode IP policies broadly – plus their Jecker card spots us spilloverPRMA 21 The Pharmaceutical Research and Manufacturers of America SPECIAL 301 SUBMISSION 2021 https://phrma.org/-/media/Project/PhRMA/PhRMA-Org/PhRMA-Org/PDF/P-R/PhRMA'2021-Special-301'Review'Comment-1.pdf SM AND pandemic, and will inevitably affect IP discussions in countries around the world. Undermines RandD and innovationMercurio 2/12 (Bryan Mercurio, ~Simon F.S. Li Professor of Law at the Chinese University of Hong Kong (CUHK), having served as Associate Dean (Research) from 2010-14 and again from 2017-19. Professor Mercurio specialises in international economic law (IEL), with particular expertise in the intersection between trade law and intellectual property rights, free trade agreements, trade in services, dispute settlement and increasingly international investment law.~, 2-12-2021, "WTO Waiver from Intellectual Property Protection for COVID-19 Vaccines and Treatments: A Critical Review", No Publication, accessed: 8-8-2021, https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract'id=3789820) ajs
AND jeopardy only in exchange for what is at best short-term benefits. Biopharmaceutical innovation is key to prevent future pandemics and bioterror – turns caseMarjanovic and Feijao 20 ~(Sonja Marjanovic, Ph.D., Judge Business School, University of Cambridge. Carolina Feijao, Ph.D. in biochemistry, University of Cambridge; M.Sc. in quantitative biology, Imperial College London; B.Sc. in biology, University of Lisbon.) "How to Best Enable Pharma Innovation Beyond the COVID-19 Crisis," RAND Corporation, 05-2020, https://www.rand.org/pubs/perspectives/PEA407-1.html~~ TDI AND such public health threats to an even greater extent under improved innovation conditions. COVID incentivizes engineered bioterror- extinctionWalsh, 20 — Axios Future correspondent ~Bryan Walsh, "The coronavirus pandemic reawakens bioweapon fears," Axios, 5-14-2020, https://www.axios.com/coronavirus-pandemic-pathogen-bioweapon-45417c86-52aa-41b1-8a99-44a6e597d3a8.html, accessed 9-7-2020~ AND could potentially make a dangerous engineered virus, whether deliberately or by accident. | 9/26/21 |
SO - DA - Innovation v2Tournament: Greenhill Fall Classic RR | Round: 5 | Opponent: Harrison AC | Judge: Andrew Halverson, Ben Cortez 2Biotech industry strong now – new innovation and RandD comingCancherini et al. 4/30 ~Laura, Engagement Manager @ McKinsey and Company, Joseph Lydon, Associate Partner @ McKinsey and Company, Jorge Santos Da Silva, Senior Partner at McKinsey and Company, and Alexandra Zemp, Partner at McKinsey and Company~ "What’s ahead for biotech: Another wave or low tide?", McKinsey and Company, 4-30-2021, https://www.mckinsey.com/industries/pharmaceuticals-and-medical-products/our-insights/whats-ahead-for-biotech-another-wave-or-low-tide ajs AND as multi-omics tailored diets) to a multitude of health applications. Strong IPR is key to innovation – empirics and FDIEzell and Cory 19 ~Stephen Ezell, BS from School of Foreign Service at Georgetown, VP of global innovation policy at Information Technology and Innovation Foundation. Nigel Cory, MA in public policy from Georgetown, BA in international business from Griffith University, Associate Director of trade policy at Information Technology and Innovation Foundation, former researcher in the Southeast Asia Program at the Center for Strategic and International Studies.~ "The Way Forward for Intellectual Property Internationally," Information Technology and Innovation Foundation, April 25, 2019, https://itif.org/publications/2019/04/25/way-forward-intellectual-property-internationally TG AND for foreign direct investment which in turn also leads to economic growth."56 The link is massive – 50+ percent of prescription meds stem from Indigenous knowledge – preempot just proves thuisEiland 08 ~Dr. Eiland received a doctorate in Oriental Archaeology from Oxford University and an LLM from the Munich Intellectual Property Law Center~, "Patenting Traditional Medicine", Nomos Verlagsgesellschaft mbH and Co. KG, pg. 7-10, 2008 SLC PK AND natural substances, as well as the knowledge about how to use them. Biopharmaceutical innovation is key to prevent future pandemics and bioterror – turns caseMarjanovic and Feijao 20 ~(Sonja Marjanovic, Ph.D., Judge Business School, University of Cambridge. Carolina Feijao, Ph.D. in biochemistry, University of Cambridge; M.Sc. in quantitative biology, Imperial College London; B.Sc. in biology, University of Lisbon.) "How to Best Enable Pharma Innovation Beyond the COVID-19 Crisis," RAND Corporation, 05-2020, https://www.rand.org/pubs/perspectives/PEA407-1.html~~ TDI AND such public health threats to an even greater extent under improved innovation conditions. COVID incentivizes engineered bioterror- extinctionWalsh, 20 — Axios Future correspondent ~Bryan Walsh, "The coronavirus pandemic reawakens bioweapon fears," Axios, 5-14-2020, https://www.axios.com/coronavirus-pandemic-pathogen-bioweapon-45417c86-52aa-41b1-8a99-44a6e597d3a8.html, accessed 9-7-2020~ AND could potentially make a dangerous engineered virus, whether deliberately or by accident. Pleasure and pain are intrinsic value and disvalue – everything else regresses – robust neuroscience provesBlum et al. 18 Kenneth Blum, 1Department of Psychiatry, Boonshoft School of Medicine, Dayton VA Medical Center, Wright State University, Dayton, OH, USA 2Department of Psychiatry, McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL, USA 3Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Keck Medicine University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA 4Division of Applied Clinical Research and Education, Dominion Diagnostics, LLC, North Kingstown, RI, USA 5Department of Precision Medicine, Geneus Health LLC, San Antonio, TX, USA 6Department of Addiction Research and Therapy, Nupathways Inc., Innsbrook, MO, USA 7Department of Clinical Neurology, Path Foundation, New York, NY, USA 8Division of Neuroscience-Based Addiction Therapy, The Shores Treatment and Recovery Center, Port Saint Lucie, FL, USA 9Institute of Psychology, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary 10Division of Addiction Research, Dominion Diagnostics, LLC. North Kingston, RI, USA 11Victory Nutrition International, Lederach, PA., USA 12National Human Genome Center at Howard University, Washington, DC., USA, Marjorie Gondré-Lewis, 12National Human Genome Center at Howard University, Washington, DC., USA 13Departments of Anatomy and Psychiatry, Howard University College of Medicine, Washington, DC US, Bruce Steinberg, 4Division of Applied Clinical Research and Education, Dominion Diagnostics, LLC, North Kingstown, RI, USA, Igor Elman, 15Department Psychiatry, Cooper University School of Medicine, Camden, NJ, USA, David Baron, 3Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Keck Medicine University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA, Edward J Modestino, 14Department of Psychology, Curry College, Milton, MA, USA, Rajendra D Badgaiyan, 15Department Psychiatry, Cooper University School of Medicine, Camden, NJ, USA, Mark S Gold 16Department of Psychiatry, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, USA, "Our evolved unique pleasure circuit makes humans different from apes: Reconsideration of data derived from animal studies", U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs, 28 February 2018, accessed: 19 August 2020, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6446569/, R.S. AND these circuits contribute to diverse pathologies, including obesity and addiction or RDS. Apocalyptic images challenge dominant power structures – they contest the implausibility of inequitable structures producing catastrophe and generate imagination of futures of social justice outside of current narrativesJessica Hurley 17, Assistant Professor in the Humanities at the University of Chicago, "Impossible Futures: Fictions of Risk in the Longue Durée", Duke University Press, https://read.dukeupress.edu/american-literature/article/89/4/761/132823/Impossible-Futures-Fictions-of-Risk-in-the-Longue AND of the world. Just wait long enough. Stranger things will happen.¶ Focus on large scale catastrophes is good and they outweigh – appeals to social costs, moral rules, and securitization play into cognitive biases and flawed risk calculus – 2020 is living proofWeber 20 (ELKE U. WEBER is Gerhard R. Andlinger Professor in Energy and the Environment and Professor of Psychology and Public Affairs at Princeton University.), November-December 2020 Issue, "Heads in the Sand," Foreign Affairs, https://www.foreignaffairs.com/articles/2020-10-13/heads-sand mvp AND to dislodge it, even when cost-benefit analysis argues for change. | 9/18/21 |
SO - DA - Innovation v3Tournament: Greenhill Fall Classic | Round: 5 | Opponent: Strake KS | Judge: David Yi 5Biotech industry strong now – new innovation and RandD comingCancherini et al. 4/30 ~Laura, Engagement Manager @ McKinsey and Company, Joseph Lydon, Associate Partner @ McKinsey and Company, Jorge Santos Da Silva, Senior Partner at McKinsey and Company, and Alexandra Zemp, Partner at McKinsey and Company~ "What’s ahead for biotech: Another wave or low tide?", McKinsey and Company, 4-30-2021, https://www.mckinsey.com/industries/pharmaceuticals-and-medical-products/our-insights/whats-ahead-for-biotech-another-wave-or-low-tide ajs AND as multi-omics tailored diets) to a multitude of health applications. Strong IPR is key to innovation – empirics and FDIEzell and Cory 19 ~Stephen Ezell, BS from School of Foreign Service at Georgetown, VP of global innovation policy at Information Technology and Innovation Foundation. Nigel Cory, MA in public policy from Georgetown, BA in international business from Griffith University, Associate Director of trade policy at Information Technology and Innovation Foundation, former researcher in the Southeast Asia Program at the Center for Strategic and International Studies.~ "The Way Forward for Intellectual Property Internationally," Information Technology and Innovation Foundation, April 25, 2019, https://itif.org/publications/2019/04/25/way-forward-intellectual-property-internationally TG AND for foreign direct investment which in turn also leads to economic growth."56 Biopharmaceutical innovation is key to prevent future pandemics and bioterror – turns caseMarjanovic and Feijao 20 ~(Sonja Marjanovic, Ph.D., Judge Business School, University of Cambridge. Carolina Feijao, Ph.D. in biochemistry, University of Cambridge; M.Sc. in quantitative biology, Imperial College London; B.Sc. in biology, University of Lisbon.) "How to Best Enable Pharma Innovation Beyond the COVID-19 Crisis," RAND Corporation, 05-2020, https://www.rand.org/pubs/perspectives/PEA407-1.html~~ TDI AND such public health threats to an even greater extent under improved innovation conditions. COVID incentivizes engineered bioterror- extinctionWalsh, 20 — Axios Future correspondent ~Bryan Walsh, "The coronavirus pandemic reawakens bioweapon fears," Axios, 5-14-2020, https://www.axios.com/coronavirus-pandemic-pathogen-bioweapon-45417c86-52aa-41b1-8a99-44a6e597d3a8.html, accessed 9-7-2020~ AND could potentially make a dangerous engineered virus, whether deliberately or by accident. WTO wavier will lead to spilloverHopkins 5/7 (Jared S. Hopkins, ~ New York-based reporter for The Wall Street Journal covering the pharmaceutical industry, including companies such as Pfizer Inc. and Merck and Co. He previously was a health-care reporter at Bloomberg News and an investigative reporter at the Chicago Tribune~, 5-7-2021, "U.S. Support for Patent Waiver Unlikely to Cost Covid-19 Vaccine Makers in Short Term ", WSJ, accessed: 8-26-2021, https://www.wsj.com/articles/u-s-support-for-patent-waiver-unlikely-to-cost-covid-19-vaccine-makers-in-short-term-11620414260) ajs AND on the news, though they have since shaved some of the losses. | 9/19/21 |
SO - DA - Innovation v4Tournament: Mid America Cup | Round: 3 | Opponent: Harrison JP | Judge: Eric He 5Biotech industry strong now – new innovation and RandD comingCancherini et al. 4/30 ~Laura, Engagement Manager @ McKinsey and Company, Joseph Lydon, Associate Partner @ McKinsey and Company, Jorge Santos Da Silva, Senior Partner at McKinsey and Company, and Alexandra Zemp, Partner at McKinsey and Company~ "What’s ahead for biotech: Another wave or low tide?", McKinsey and Company, 4-30-2021, https://www.mckinsey.com/industries/pharmaceuticals-and-medical-products/our-insights/whats-ahead-for-biotech-another-wave-or-low-tide ajs Even small exceptions that contravene TRIPS spill over by creating anti-IP precedent and momentum.Balasubramanyam 14 "Battles Over Patents: Is India Changing The Rules Of The Game?" 02/18/2014 Ranjitha Balasubramanyam ~Germany-based journalist and humanitarian researcher with over two decades of journalistic experience, working mainly for European broadcasters~ https://www.ip-watch.org/2014/02/18/battles-over-patents-is-india-changing-the-rules-of-the-game/ SM A thriving and innovating biopharmaceutical sector is key to prevent future pandemics and bioterror.Marjanovic and Feijao 20 ~(Sonja Marjanovic, Ph.D., Judge Business School, University of Cambridge. Carolina Feijao, Ph.D. in biochemistry, University of Cambridge; M.Sc. in quantitative biology, Imperial College London; B.Sc. in biology, University of Lisbon.) "How to Best Enable Pharma Innovation Beyond the COVID-19 Crisis," RAND Corporation, 05-2020, https://www.rand.org/pubs/perspectives/PEA407-1.html~~ TDI Bioterror coming now and causes extinction – the tech exists and overcomes their impact defenseMillett and Snyder-Beattie ‘17 ~(Piers Millett: Ph.D., Senior Research Fellow, Future of Humanity Institute, University of Oxford. Andrew Snyder-Beattie: M.S., Director of Research, Future of Humanity Institute, University of Oxford.) " Existential Risk and Cost-Effective Biosecurity," Health Security, 15(4), 08-01-2017, https://www.liebertpub.com/doi/full/10.1089/hs.2017.0028~~ TDI | 9/25/21 |
SO - DA - Innovation v5Tournament: Nano Nagle Classic | Round: 5 | Opponent: Southlake Carrol SD | Judge: Felicity Park 6Biotech industry strong now – new innovation and RandD comingCancherini et al. 4/30 ~Laura, Engagement Manager @ McKinsey and Company, Joseph Lydon, Associate Partner @ McKinsey and Company, Jorge Santos Da Silva, Senior Partner at McKinsey and Company, and Alexandra Zemp, Partner at McKinsey and Company~ "What’s ahead for biotech: Another wave or low tide?", McKinsey and Company, 4-30-2021, https://www.mckinsey.com/industries/pharmaceuticals-and-medical-products/our-insights/whats-ahead-for-biotech-another-wave-or-low-tide ajs AND as multi-omics tailored diets) to a multitude of health applications. Strong IPR is key to innovation – empirics and FDIEzell and Cory 19 ~Stephen Ezell, BS from School of Foreign Service at Georgetown, VP of global innovation policy at Information Technology and Innovation Foundation. Nigel Cory, MA in public policy from Georgetown, BA in international business from Griffith University, Associate Director of trade policy at Information Technology and Innovation Foundation, former researcher in the Southeast Asia Program at the Center for Strategic and International Studies.~ "The Way Forward for Intellectual Property Internationally," Information Technology and Innovation Foundation, April 25, 2019, https://itif.org/publications/2019/04/25/way-forward-intellectual-property-internationally TG AND for foreign direct investment which in turn also leads to economic growth."56 Cannabis wipes out superbugs and kills developing mutations, but further research and investments are required.Sample ’20 ~Ian; journalist at New Scientist and worked at the Institute of Physics as a journal editor, PhD in biomedical materials; 1-19-2020; "Cannabis compound could be weapon in fight against superbugs", Guardian; https://www.theguardian.com/society/2020/jan/19/cannabis-compound-could-be-weapon-in-fight-against-superbugs, accessed 4-16-2021~ AND , the newest date back to discoveries made more than 30 years ago. Only CBD solves superbugs.Stevens ’21 ~Kylie; reporter covering medical breakthrough by Researchers at University of Queensland’s Institute for Molecular Bioscience and the peer-reviewed Communications Biology journal; 1-19-2021; Mail Online; https://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-9165415/Medical-breakthrough-revealed-cannabis-kill-superbugs-save-10million-lives-year.html, accessed 4-16-2021; RG~ AND exactly how it does that, and need to do further research.' Small exceptions spill over by creating anti-IP precedent and momentum.Balasubramanyam 14 "Battles Over Patents: Is India Changing The Rules Of The Game?" 02/18/2014 Ranjitha Balasubramanyam ~Germany-based journalist and humanitarian researcher with over two decades of journalistic experience, working mainly for European broadcasters~ https://www.ip-watch.org/2014/02/18/battles-over-patents-is-india-changing-the-rules-of-the-game/ SM AND want to prevent these countries from using these measures to protect public health." | 10/9/21 |
SO - DA - Modi AdventurismTournament: Loyola Invitational | Round: Doubles | Opponent: Westwood BJ | Judge: Claudia Ribera, David Dosch, Danielle Dosch 1India’s COVID crisis has killed Modi’s appetite for international adventurism, but increasing vaccine production reverses the trend.Singh ’21 (Sushant; senior fellow with the Centre for Policy Research in India; 5-3-2021; "The End of Modi’s Global Dreams"; Foreign Policy; https://foreignpolicy.com/2021/05/03/india-vishwaguru-modi-second-wave-soft-power-self-sufficiency/; Accessed: 8-27-2021) AND proposition for India—and hands Pakistan an unexpected advantage in the talks. Modi’s domestic support sets the course for his international policies – trust in his administration directly translates into Indian adventurism.Mishra et al. ’16 (Atul; contributor to the Norwegian Peacebuilding Resource Centre; January 2016; "The evolving domestic drivers of Indian foregin policy"; Norwegian Peacebuilding Resource Centre; https://www.files.ethz.ch/isn/195766/f9f6e4b3e8a2c703364e7fb102dbf413.pdf; Accessed: 8-28-2021) AND country that has much to offer in terms of culture and human potential. ====Revitalized risk-taking risks Indo-Pak confrontations – those go nuclear.==== AND life and marine plankton, with the spillover effect of decimating fishing yields. | 9/6/21 |
SO - DA - Precision AgTournament: Peninsula Invitational | Round: 4 | Opponent: Stockdale RP | Judge: Aryan Jasani 2Starlink is key to Precision Ag – key to food sustainability and increasing food supply to account for exponential population growth.Greensight 21 3-15-2021 "Can Starlink Save the World by Connecting Farms?" https://www.greensightag.com/logbook/can-starlink-save-the-world-by-connecting-farms/ (Data Management Consulting Firm)Elmer AND advancing access to precision agriculture globally and contributing to solving global food challenges. Food Insecurity goes nuclear – escalates multiple hotspots.Cribb 19 Julian Cribb 8-23-2019 "Food or War" https://www.cambridge.org/core/books/abs/food-or-war/hotspots-for-food-conflict-in-the-twentyfirst-century/1CD674412E09B8E6F325C9C0A0A6778A (principal of Julian Cribb and Associates who provide specialist consultancy in the communication of science, agriculture, food, mining, energy and the environment. , His published work includes over 8000 articles, 3000 media releases and eight books. He has received 32 awards for journalism.)Elmer AND their homes in Sub-Saharan Africa. 75 The second decade of the | 1/23/22 |
SO - DA - RCEPTournament: Mid America Cup | Round: Doubles | Opponent: Lexington AK | Judge: James Stuckert, Lisa Boulais, Grant Brown 4India walked out on RCEP now but can rejoin easily.Raghavan 20 "RCEP: Door still open for India, may take part in meets as ‘observer’" Prabha Raghavan ~Journalist @IndianExpress~ November 16, 2020 https://indianexpress.com/article/business/rcep-door-still-open-for-india-may-take-part-in-meets-as-observer-7052832/ SM AND outstanding issues" that were unresolved by the deadline to enter the agreement. Strict IP protections are keeping India out of RCEP – plan reverses that.Mitra-Jha 17 "Big pharma, IP wars and profit over people" Shreerupa Mitra-Jha ~Senior correspondent for diplomacy and international affairs~ August 21, 2017 https://www.governancenow.com/news/regular-story/-big-pharma-ip-wars-and-profit-over-people SM AND what is worrying for activists and negotiators from middle-income and LDCs. Joining RCEP floods India with imports which guts domestic industry and wrecks the economy.Dhar 19 "India Was Right to Walk Away from RCEP, But What Comes Next?" November 7, 2019, ~Biswajit Dhar is a professor at the Centre for Economic Studies and Planning, Jawharlal Nehru University~ https://thewire.in/economy/rcep-india-future SM AND trust and efficiency have become more important these days and will influence trade. Economic downturn compounds risk of Indopak conflict.Kugelman 19 "India and Pakistan Are Edging Closer to War in 2020" Michael Kugelman is the writer of Foreign Policy’s weekly South Asia Brief. He is the Asia Program deputy director and senior associate for South Asia at the Wilson Center in Washington. 12/31/2019 https://foreignpolicy.com/2019/12/31/afghanistan-taliban-nuclear-india-pakistan-edging-closer-war-2020/ SM AND Pakistan, not wanting to show weakness, will not give in easily. Extinction.Roblin 21. ~(Sébastien Roblin holds a master’s degree in Conflict Resolution from Georgetown University and served as a university instructor for the Peace Corps in China, "If the Next India-Pakistan War Goes Nuclear, It Will Destroy the World," The National Interest, March 26, 2021. https://nationalinterest.org/blog/reboot/if-next-india-pakistan-war-goes-nuclear-it-will-destroy-world-181134~~ TDI AND New Delhi and Islamabad work together to change the nature of their relationship. | 9/27/21 |
SO - DA - Saudi US RelationsTournament: Loyola Invitational | Round: Doubles | Opponent: Westwood BJ | Judge: Claudia Ribera, David Dosch, Danielle Dosch 2The US is concerned about Saudi IPR but trade relations are fine nowUS Gov 21 ~United States Government, Office of the US Trade Representative "2021 Special 301 Report" Published: 2021~ ~https://ustr.gov/sites/default/files/files/reports/2021/202120Special2030120Report20(final).pdf~~ || SM AND awarded national tenders to some of these domestic companies for the affected products. Wavering Saudi IPR sends investors scrambling and guts US-Saudi coop. Recent missteps in pharma IPR prove it’s uniquely key to perception.Stevens 17 ~Philip Stevens "Saudi missteps on intellectual property will hold back its economy" Published: The Hill, September 17, 2017~ ~https://thehill.com/opinion/international/351074-saudis-missteps-on-intellectual-property-will-hold-back-its-economy~~ ~Stevens: Director of Geneva Network, a UK-based research organization focusing on trade and innovation issues.~ || SM AND Trump administration indicating a higher prioritization of IP enforcement amongst its trading partners. US Saudi Coop key to prevent nuclear proliferationEmily B. Landau and Shimon Stein 18 ~Landau is senior research associate at the Institute for National Security Studies, where she is also director of the Arms Control and Regional Security Project. Stein was Israel's ambassador to Germany from 2001 to 2007. Previously, he participated in the Arms Control and Regional Security working group, as well as negotiations of the Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban Treaty, and served as head of the Regional Security, Arms Control, and Nonproliferation Department at the Israel Ministry of Foreign Affairs.~, 12-4-2018, "Can the United States Prevent Saudi Arabia from Getting Nuclear Weapons?," National Interest, https://nationalinterest.org/feature/can-united-states-prevent-saudi-arabia-getting-nuclear-weapons-37812 ~{OS~} AND was granted the right to continue with these dangerous enrichment-related activities. Saudi prolif draws in India and Pakistan – goes nuclearEdelman 11—Fellow at the Center for Strategic and Budgetary Assessments. Former Undersecretary for Defense—AND—Andrew Krepinevich—President of the Center for Strategic and Budgetary Assessments—AND—Evan Montgomery—Research Fellow at the Center for Strategic and Budgetary Assessments (Eric, The dangers of a nuclear Iran, FA 90;1, http://www.csbaonline.org/wp-content/uploads/2010/12/2010.12.27-The-Dangers-of-a-Nuclear-Iran.pdf) AND a single intelligence compromise could leave their weapons vulnerable to attack or theft. Extinction – nuke war fallout creates Ice Age and mass starvationSteven Starr 15. "Nuclear War: An Unrecognized Mass Extinction Event Waiting To Happen." Ratical. March 2015. https://ratical.org/radiation/NuclearExtinction/StevenStarr022815.html TG AND the operational and deployed nuclear arsenals, will leave the Earth essentially uninhabitable. | 9/6/21 |
SO - DA - US China RelationsTournament: Loyola Invitational | Round: 5 | Opponent: Memorial SC | Judge: Gordon Krauss 1Despite growing rivalry, US-China economic interdependence strong now. Exchange of tech know-how, collaboration science research, and massive US-China STEM pipeline improving relations – but it can easily collapse.Hass 8/12 ~Ryan Hass (Senior Fellow - Foreign Policy, Center for East Asia Policy Studies, John L. Thornton China Center The Michael H. Armacost Chair Chen-Fu and Cecilia Yen Koo Chair in Taiwan Studies Nonresident Fellow, Paul Tsai China Center, Yale Law School), 8-12-2021, "The "new normal" in US-China relations: Hardening competition and deep interdependence," Brookings, https://www.brookings.edu/blog/order-from-chaos/2021/08/12/the-new-normal-in-us-china-relations-hardening-competition-and-deep-interdependence/ belle~ AND economic development. It remains to be seen whether this trend will continue. Plan hurts US-China relations – means China goes back on it’s promise to regulate IP violations and draws in U.S. crackdown.Shape 2/19 ~Steven M. Shape; registered patent attorney and electrical engineer who has represented preeminent technology companies in complex, high-stakes Intellectual Property litigation; 2-19-2021, "IP Law Looms Large Over U.S.-China Relations," No Publication, https://www.mondaq.com/trademark/1038030/ip-law-looms-large-over-us-china-relations belle~ AND reliable IP services provider to help establish strong protection for their intangible assets. AI destabilizing but dialogues key to peaceful AI – anything else risks escalation to nuclear war.Haotian ’21 ~Qi Haotian (assistant professor in the School of International Studies at Peking University, where he teaches courses on international security, military science, international public policy, and game theory. He is also secretary general of the Institute for Global Cooperation and Understanding at Peking University. His research interests include technological transitions and world politics, international security and conflict management, and methodology and philosophy of social science) April 2021, " US AND CHINESE ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE CAPABILITIES," United States Institute of Peace, https://www.usip.org/sites/default/files/2021-04/pw'172-enhancing'us-china'strategic'stability'in'an'era'of'strategic'competition'us'and'chinese'perspectives.pdf belle~ AND missile submarines, intercontinental ballistic missiles, and second-strike countermeasure systems. SCS conflict draws in NATO and goes nuclearPolina Tikhonova 15. Writer, journalist and a certified translator. Over the past 7 years, she has worked for a wide variety of top European, American, Russian, and Ukrainian media outlets. Polina holds a Master's Degree in English Philology from the University of Oxford and a Bachelor's Degree in Journalism from the Saint Petersburg State University, 11-28-2015, "US Faces Nuclear War Threat Over South China Sea," ValueWalk, http://www.valuewalk.com/2015/11/us-nuclear-war-south-china-sea/ AND it must do everything to avoid this scenario through unintended escalations," Baohui wrote Nuke war causes extinction – Ice Age, famines, and war won’t stay limitedEdwards 17 ~Paul N. Edwards, CISAC’s William J. Perry Fellow in International Security at Stanford’s Freeman Spogli Institute for International Studies. Being interviewed by EarthSky. How nuclear war would affect Earth’s climate. September 8, 2017. earthsky.org/human-world/how-nuclear-war-would-affect-earths-climate~ Note, we are only reading parts of the interview that are directly from Paul Edwards — MMG AND two nuclear powers would stay limited to these smaller, less destructive bombs. | 9/5/21 |
SO - DA - Vaccine MandatesTournament: Greenhill Fall Classic | Round: 4 | Opponent: Harker DV | Judge: Rachel Mauchline 4EU vaccine mandates strong and growing nowBendix 9/10/21 (Aria, reporter for Business Insider "Vaccine mandates are proving successful in European countries. That may bode well for the US." https://www.businessinsider.com/vaccine-mandates-working-europe-boost-vaccination-rates-us-2021-9 September 10, 2021)DR 21 AND Italy's daily vaccination rate rose 40 from August 20 to September 4. Anti-vaxxers can use strong whistleblower protections from the plan to dodge vaccine mandatesRolfsen 2020 (Bruce, writer for Bloomberg law. "Covid-19 Employer Vaccination Programs Could Be Sought by OSHA" https://news.bloomberglaw.com/daily-labor-report/covid-19-employer-vaccination-programs-could-be-sought-by-osha Sept. 18, 2020)DR 21 High, but not herd-immunity level, of vaccinations creates a breeding ground for monster strains of COVID—EU is the key testTurns econ AND the first time, and everybody else will be learning from our behavior." Runaway variants bypass system responses- escalates to extinctionBar-Yam 2021 (literally the most qualified COVID specialist there is. American scientist born in Boston, Massachusetts who received his Bachelor of Science and PhD in physics from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. He is the founding president of New England Complex Systems Institute. His research has focused on formalizing complex systems and attempting to relate these to everyday social issues. He is an expert in the quantitative analysis of pandemics and was an advisor to policy makers on the West Africa Ebola virus epidemic. In February 2020, he founded EndCoronavirus.org, a global network of thousands of volunteers to guide and provide policy on fighting the COVID-19 pandemic. TRANSCRIPT OF THE CONVERSATION WITH YANEER BAR-YAM ON COMPLEXITY AND WICKED POLICY PROBLEMS https://www.staatslabor.ch/en/transcript-of-conversation-yaneer-bar-yam-on-complexity-and-wicked-policy-problems February 5th, 2021)DR 21 AND bit, then there are many others that are evading it even more. Other countries don’t thump— The ideal scenario is high vaccination rates (60) without herd immunity (90) and rampant spread. Only the EU has that high of a vaccination rate with no restrictionsLanese 08/06/21 (Nicoletta, reporter for Live Science, reporting on a new model published in Scientific Reports. staff writer for Live Science covering health and medicine, along with an assortment of biology, animal, environment and climate stories. She holds degrees in neuroscience and dance from the University of Florida and a graduate certificate in science communication from the University of California, Santa Cruz. Her work has appeared in The Scientist Magazine, Science News, The San Jose Mercury News and Mongabay, among other outlets. "Vaccine-resistant coronavirus 'mutants' are more likely when transmission is high, new model finds" https://www.livescience.com/coronavirus-vaccine-resistance-mutation-model.html August 06, 2021)DR 21 AND This would help drive resistant strains to extinction before they spread too far. | 9/20/21 |
SO - K - Settler ColonialismTournament: Greenhill Fall Classic RR | Round: 1 | Opponent: Immaculate Heart BC | Judge: Jenn Melin, Rodrigo Paramo 3The aff’s gnaritas nullius assumption that knowledge belongs to the public is incompatible with indigenous autonomy. Shifting medicine from intellectual property to the public domain reconfigures the Western system of IPR and stands in direct contradiction with native sovereignty.Younging 10 "Intergovernmental Committee On Intellectual Property And Genetic Resources Traditional Knowledge And Folklore" Seventeenth Session Geneva, December 6-10, 2010 Wipo Indigenous Panel On The Role Of The Public Domain Concept: Experiences In The Fields Of Genetic Resources, Traditional Knowledge And Traditional Cultural Expressions: Experiences From Canada Document prepared by Mr. Gregory Younging ~Creative Rights Alliance, Kelowna, Canada, Opaskwayak Cree Nation-Canada~ https://www.wipo.int/edocs/mdocs/tk/en/wipo'grtkf'ic'17/wipo'grtkf'ic'17'inf'5'a.pdf SM AND made outside the problematic frameworks of the colonization of TK and Gnaritas Nullius. The aff definitely necessitates gnaritas nulliuseven if the plan doesn’t – Sherkow, Sterlin and Readar are about how patents get in the way of free spread of info and innovation, Menz talks about how it’s a barrier to free trade, lake is about how trade closure is bad. Miscel literallty says that the power to engineer should not be limited. Wachowiz says that public interest overrides any bans which is the same logic used to exploit indenous knowledge for new tech etc historiaclly.The project of environmentalism is epistemologically bound in structures of Western science and settler law – the 1AC’s understanding of ecological destruction is the active erasure of indigeneity from the land.Bacon 18 ~JM Bacon is an interdisciplinary scholar with a Ph.D. in Environmental Sciences, Studies and Policy from the University of Oregon. His research projects consider the relationship between identity, culture, and environmental values and practices. He is currently a Visiting Assistant Professor in the Sociology Department at Grinnell College.~ "Settler colonialism as eco-social structure and the production of colonial ecological violence." Environmental Sociology, 5:1, 59-69. https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/23251042.2018.1474725 TG AND over hundreds of millions of years." (McKibben ~1989~ 2006) Extinction impacts are fabricated by the logic of elimination - settlers have a psychological investment in imagining the end of the world to create a sense of white vulnerability at the expense of enacting decolonization.Dalley 16 AND effects that shape much of the contemporary literature emerging from white colonial settings. Settlerism is an everyday process shaped by affective investments in institutions that claim jurisdiction over native land.Mark Rifkin, PhD, Director of the Women's and Gender Studies Program and Professor of English at the University of North Carolina, Greensboro. "Settler common sense." Settler Colonial Studies, 2013 Vol. 3, Nos. 3–4, 322–340, http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/2201473X.2013.810702. JJN AND "the murderous activities of the frontier rabble" (392–3). The alternative operates on two levels – first, the only ethical response to settlerism is one of decolonization.Tuck and Yang 12 AND one. Decolonization is not an "and". It is an elsewhere. Second, the aff’s understanding of public knowledge requires an alternative – vote negative for a sui generis moral rights framework that emphasizing guardianship over ownership. The link turn assumes a settler notion of personhood which proves our argument.Vézina 20 "Ensuring Respect for Indigenous Cultures A Moral Rights Approach" Brigitte Vézina ~fellow at the Canadian think tank Centre for International Governance Innovation. She holds a bachelor’s degree in law from the Université de Montréal and a master’s in law from Georgetown University~, Centre for International Governance Innovation Papers No. 243 — May 2020, https://www.cigionline.org/static/documents/documents/vezina-paper'1.pdf SM AND trumps these concerns, as no use should be considered offensive per se. Alt solves the case – a Sui Generis conception of medicine requires communal and cultural guardianship but is incompatible appropriation and oppression – solves innovation because possession centered IPR is ended by the alt, but the aff fails because democratization of knowledge is just exploitationGenomic research is predicated off the stigmatization and erasure of native sovereignty. The aff’s removal of IP stands in direct opposite to indigenous mechanism for cultural protection that undergird ethical genomic research.Garrison et al 19 Annual Review of Genomics and Human Genetics Genomic Research Through an Indigenous Lens: Understanding the Expectations ~Nanibaa’ A. Garrison,1,2 Maui Hudson, ¯ 3 Leah L. Ballantyne,4 Ibrahim Garba,5,6 Andrew Martinez,6 Maile Taualii,7 Laura Arbour,4,8 Nadine R. Caron,9,10,11 and Stephanie Carroll Rainie6,12~ March 20, 2019 https://www.annualreviews.org/doi/pdf/10.1146/annurev-genom-083118-015434 SM AND challenges that Indigenous peoples face in genomic research and how to address them. Representations and epistemology perpetuate settler practices – the way we understand and discuss the structures around us overdetermines our praxisSeawright 14 Gardner Seawright is a doctoral candidate in the Education, Culture, and Society department at the University of Utah. "Settler Traditions of Place: Making Explicit the Epistemological Legacy of White Supremacy and Settler Colonialism for Place-Based Education." EDUCATIONAL STUDIES, 50: 554–572, 2014, American Educational Studies Association. JJN AND cat- alyze critical consciousness to imagine and hopefully actualize an alternative epistemology. | 9/16/21 |
SO - K - Settler Colonialism v2Tournament: Greenhill Fall Classic RR | Round: 2 | Opponent: Sage Hill MP | Judge: Christopher Randall, Chris Castillo 3The aff’s gnaritas nullius assumption that knowledge belongs to the public is incompatible with indigenous autonomy. Shifting medicine from intellectual property to the public domain reconfigures the Western system of IPR and stands in direct contradiction with native sovereignty.Younging 10 "Intergovernmental Committee On Intellectual Property And Genetic Resources Traditional Knowledge And Folklore" Seventeenth Session Geneva, December 6-10, 2010 Wipo Indigenous Panel On The Role Of The Public Domain Concept: Experiences In The Fields Of Genetic Resources, Traditional Knowledge And Traditional Cultural Expressions: Experiences From Canada Document prepared by Mr. Gregory Younging ~Creative Rights Alliance, Kelowna, Canada, Opaskwayak Cree Nation-Canada~ https://www.wipo.int/edocs/mdocs/tk/en/wipo'grtkf'ic'17/wipo'grtkf'ic'17'inf'5'a.pdf SM AND made outside the problematic frameworks of the colonization of TK and Gnaritas Nullius. The aff definitely necessitates gnaritas nulliuseven if the plan doesn’t – AC Barnett calls for "an open and accessible marketplace for products" and AC Gunelius calls for "free competition"The project of environmentalism is epistemologically bound in structures of Western science and settler law – the 1AC’s understanding of ecological destruction is the active erasure of indigeneity from the land.Bacon 18 ~JM Bacon is an interdisciplinary scholar with a Ph.D. in Environmental Sciences, Studies and Policy from the University of Oregon. His research projects consider the relationship between identity, culture, and environmental values and practices. He is currently a Visiting Assistant Professor in the Sociology Department at Grinnell College.~ "Settler colonialism as eco-social structure and the production of colonial ecological violence." Environmental Sociology, 5:1, 59-69. https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/23251042.2018.1474725 TG AND over hundreds of millions of years." (McKibben ~1989~ 2006) Extinction impacts are fabricated by the logic of elimination - settlers have a psychological investment in imagining the end of the world to create a sense of white vulnerability at the expense of enacting decolonization.Dalley 16 AND effects that shape much of the contemporary literature emerging from white colonial settings. Settlerism is an everyday process shaped by affective investments in institutions that claim jurisdiction over native land.Mark Rifkin, PhD, Director of the Women's and Gender Studies Program and Professor of English at the University of North Carolina, Greensboro. "Settler common sense." Settler Colonial Studies, 2013 Vol. 3, Nos. 3–4, 322–340, http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/2201473X.2013.810702. JJN AND "the murderous activities of the frontier rabble" (392–3). The alternative operates on two levels – first, the only ethical response to settlerism is one of decolonization.Tuck and Yang 12 AND one. Decolonization is not an "and". It is an elsewhere. Second, the aff’s understanding of public knowledge requires an alternative – vote negative for a sui generis moral rights framework that emphasizing guardianship over ownership. The link turn assumes a settler notion of personhood which proves our argument.Vézina 20 "Ensuring Respect for Indigenous Cultures A Moral Rights Approach" Brigitte Vézina ~fellow at the Canadian think tank Centre for International Governance Innovation. She holds a bachelor’s degree in law from the Université de Montréal and a master’s in law from Georgetown University~, Centre for International Governance Innovation Papers No. 243 — May 2020, https://www.cigionline.org/static/documents/documents/vezina-paper'1.pdf SM AND trumps these concerns, as no use should be considered offensive per se. Alt solves the case – a Sui Generis conception of medicine requires communal and cultural guardianship but is incompatible appropriation and oppression – solves innovation and strain diversity because possession centered IPR is ended by the altRepresentations and epistemology perpetuate settler practices – the way we understand and discuss the structures around us overdetermines our praxisSeawright 14 Gardner Seawright is a doctoral candidate in the Education, Culture, and Society department at the University of Utah. "Settler Traditions of Place: Making Explicit the Epistemological Legacy of White Supremacy and Settler Colonialism for Place-Based Education." EDUCATIONAL STUDIES, 50: 554–572, 2014, American Educational Studies Association. JJN AND cat- alyze critical consciousness to imagine and hopefully actualize an alternative epistemology. | 9/16/21 |
SO - T - Cant Spec MedicinesTournament: Loyola Invitational | Round: 4 | Opponent: Southlake Carroll EP | Judge: Lena Mizrahi 1Interpretation: The aff may not defend WTO member nations reducing intellectual property protections for a subset of medicines.Violation – they only defend COVID-19 medicinesVote neg:1~ Limits – you can pick anything from COVID vaccines to marijuana to random biotech to insulin treatments and there’s no universal disad since each one has a different function and implication for health, tech, and relations – explodes neg prep and leads to random medicine of the week affs which makes cutting stable neg links impossible. PICs don’t solve – it’s absurd to say neg potential abuse justifies the aff being flat out not T, which leads to a race towards abuse. Limits key to reciprocal engagement since they create a caselist for neg prep.2~ TVA – read the aff as an advantage to a whole rez aff. | 9/26/21 |
SO - T - Cant Spec Medicines v2Tournament: Nano Nagle RR | Round: 2 | Opponent: Harker DV | Judge: Felicity Park 1NC1Interpretation: "medicines" is a generic bare plural. The aff may not defend WTO member nations reducing intellectual property protections for a subset of medicines.Violation – they only defend emergency use listing medicines during public health emergencies other than Covid-19 of international concern.Vote neg:Precision o/w – anything else justifies the aff arbitrarily jettisoning words in the resolution at their whim which decks negative ground and preparation because the aff is no longer bounded by the resolution.1~ Limits – you can pick anything from COVID vaccines to HIV/AIDS to random biotech to insulin treatments and there’s no universal disad since each one has a different function and implication for health, tech, and relations – explodes neg prep and leads to random medicine of the week affs which makes cutting stable neg links impossible.2~ TVA – read the aff as an advantage to a whole rez aff. | 10/11/21 |
SO - T - Cant Spec StatesTournament: Greenhill Fall Classic | Round: 4 | Opponent: Harker DV | Judge: Rachel Mauchline 1Interpretation: The aff may not defend a subset of "the member nations of the WTO" reducing intellectual property protections for medicines."The" denotes totalitySharvy 80 Richard Sharvy (1980). A More General Theory of Definite Descriptions. The Philosophical Review, 89(4), 607–624. doi:10.2307/2184738 SM AND Auckland, etc., that satisfy the plural predicate 'are people in Auckland'. Violation – they only defend EU member statesVote neg:1~ Limits – you can pick any one of 160+ countries ranging from India to the US to Israel to France and there’s no universal disad since each one has different intellectual property laws and political or public health situations – explodes neg prep and leads to random nation of the week affs which makes cutting stable neg links impossible. PICs don’t solve – it’s absurd to say neg potential abuse justifies the aff being flat out not T, which leads to a race towards abuse. Limits key to reciprocal engagement since they create a caselist for neg prep.2~ TVA – read the aff as an advantage to a whole rez aff.Voters:Precision o/w – anything else justifies the aff arbitrarily jettisoning words in the resolution at their whim which decks negative ground and preparation because the aff is no longer bounded by the resolution.Drop the debater – a) they have a 7-6 rebuttal advantage and the 2ar to make args I can’t respond to, b) no arg to drop it’s TUse competing interps – a) reasonability invites arbitrary judge intervention since we don’t know your bs meter, b) collapses to competing interps – we justify 2 brightlines under an offense defense paradigm just like 2 interps.No RVIs – a) illogical – you shouldn’t win for being fair – it’s a litmus test for engaging in substance, b) norming – I can’t concede the counterinterp if I realize I’m wrong which forces me to argue for bad norms,Evaluate T before 1AR theory – norms – we only have a couple months to set T norms but can set 1AR theory norms anytime, | 9/20/21 |
SO - T - Extra TTournament: Greenhill Fall Classic | Round: 4 | Opponent: Harker DV | Judge: Rachel Mauchline 2Interp – the aff must only defend that the member nations of the World Trade Organization ought to reduce intellectual property protections for medicines.Violation – they’re extra topical – the aff changes the process by which whistleblowing happens and shifts a legal burden of proof – their response to inherency will prove the violation hereVote neg for limits and ground: extra-topicality allows them to tack on infinite planks to artificially improve aff solvency and spike out of DAs, like fiating enforcement or other reforms. Also key to education and advocacy – they never have to test their aff against well-researched objections which o/w since it’s the only portable skill in debate. The counter-interp sets a precedent that the scope of aff fiat doesn’t have to be bounded by the resolution, which outweighs on magnitude. No drop the arg – we shouldn’t have to always read T just to get back to what we should’ve been debating to begin with – it incentivizes adding random extra-t planks because there’s no punishment. | 9/20/21 |
SO - T - IPP for MedicinesTournament: Nano Nagle Classic | Round: 1 | Opponent: Archbishop Mitty AB | Judge: Carlos Astacio 2====Interp and Violation – affs must reduce intellectual property protections for medicines.==== Medicine is treatment for illness or injuryCambridge Dictionary 21 ~Cambridge Dictionary, 2021, https://dictionary.cambridge.org/us/dictionary/english/medicine~~ Lex AKo The aff is about data exclusvity which doesn’t apply — Data exclusivity are not IPP for medicine.Thrasher 21 Thrasher, Rachel. "How Data Exclusivity Laws Impact Drug Prices:" Global Development Policy Center Chart of the Week How Data Exclusivity Laws Impact Drug Prices Comments, 25 May 2021, www.bu.edu/gdp/2021/05/25/chart-of-the-week-how-data-exclusivity-laws-impact-drug-prices/. Lex AKo AND it does not require exclusivity rules that block the registration of generic products. Clinical trials are a study for medicine to then get protected, but not medicine themselvesReview ~Institutional Review, "Clinical Trials," https://www.phrma.org/policy-issues/Research-Development/Clinical-Trials~~ Lex AKo AND allows the investigational medicine to be tested in human volunteers in clinical trials. Negate:1~ Limits – explodes the topic to anything from random trade secrets to trademark pictures and symbols to copyrights which destroys core generics like innovation that obviously don’t link to trademarks – core of the topic is about proprietary rights to ideas and innovations, not random trade secrets for a company’s marketing strategies or customer lists. A big case list with no unifying generics destroys neg prep – disincentivizes in depth topic research and leaves the neg behind.2~ Precision o/w – anything else justifies the aff arbitrarily jettisoning words in the resolution at their whim which decks negative ground and preparation because the aff is no longer bounded by the resolution. | 10/8/21 |
SO - T - MedicineTournament: Loyola Invitational | Round: 2 | Opponent: Saratoga AG | Judge: Ben Cortez 2====Interp – "medicines" treat or cure, whereas vaccines prevent – o/w on specificity since it’s about the COVID vaccine==== AND you bulletproof, they dramatically increase the odds of surviving an adverse event. Violation – j vaccinesNegate –1~ Limits – expanding the topic to preventative treatment or medical interventions allows anything from surgery to medical devices to education strategies or mosquito repellent to prevent malaria. Destroys core generics like innovation which are exclusive to disease curing – core of the topic is about proprietary information.Voters:Drop the debater – they have a 7-6 rebuttal advantage and the 2ar to make args I can’t respond to,Use competing interps reasonability invites arbitrary judge intervention since we don’t know your bs meter,No RVIs –illogical – you shouldn’t win for being fair – it’s a litmus test for engaging in substance,Evaluate T before 1AR theory – norms – we only have a couple months to set T norms but can set 1AR theory norms anytime, | 9/5/21 |
SO - T - Medicine v2Tournament: Greenhill Fall Classic RR | Round: 1 | Opponent: Immaculate Heart BC | Judge: Jenn Melin, Rodrigo Paramo 2Interp – "medicines" prevent, diagnose, or treat harmsMRS 20 ~(MAINE REVENUE SERVICE SALES, FUEL and SPECIAL TAX DIVISION) "A REFERENCE GUIDE TO THE SALES AND USE TAX LAW" https://www.maine.gov/revenue/sites/maine.gov.revenue/files/inline-files/Reference20Guide202020.pdf December 2020~ SS AND retail consumer or patient; or (2) are sold in packaging. Violation – CRISPR is a platform technology, not a medicine.Editas Medicine ~(a clinical-stage biotechnology company which is developing therapies based on CRISPR–Cas9 gene editing technology)., No Date, CRISPR Gene Editing, https://www.editasmedicine.com/crispr-gene-editing/~~ Justin AND used in that way not all applicatoins so they cant slve for the aff Negate –1~ Limits – their model explodes it to medical devices, any form of strategy for medical research, databases that are used to create medicines and more – only our definition creates a reasonable caselist for medicines while they make prep impossible and wreck engagement2~ Precision – MRS is a legal definition of medicines from codified law and has intent to define which proves we’re right and consistent with topic lit | 9/16/21 |
SO - T - Medicine v3Tournament: Greenhill Fall Classic RR | Round: 2 | Opponent: Sage Hill MP | Judge: Christopher Randall, Chris Castillo 2Interp – "medicines" prevent, diagnose, or treat harmsMRS 20 ~(MAINE REVENUE SERVICE SALES, FUEL and SPECIAL TAX DIVISION) "A REFERENCE GUIDE TO THE SALES AND USE TAX LAW" https://www.maine.gov/revenue/sites/maine.gov.revenue/files/inline-files/Reference20Guide202020.pdf December 2020~ SS AND retail consumer or patient; or (2) are sold in packaging. Violation – Interpretation: Medicine is a drug used in preventionLexico ND ~(Lexico dictionary) https://www.lexico.com/definition/medicine~~ BC To be a medicine a substance must meet FDA standardsFDA no date https://www.fda.gov/industry/regulated-products/human-drugs AND Drug application Cannabis isn’t a medicine – they are conflating having medicinal properties with medicinesCDC ND ~(Center for the Disease Control and Prevention) "Is marijuana medicine?" https://www.cdc.gov/marijuana/faqs/is-marijuana-medicine.html~~ BC AND way to know what kind and how much of a chemical you’re getting. Cannabis isn’t a medicine –Madras 16 ~(Bertha, Madras is a professor of psychobiology in the Department of Psychiatry and the chair of the Division of Neurochemistry at Harvard Medical School, Harvard University; she served as associate director for public education in the division on Addictions at Harvard Medical School.) "Opinion: 5 reasons marijuana is not medicine" The Washington Post, 4/29/2016. https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/in-theory/wp/2016/04/29/5-reasons-marijuana-is-not-medicine/~~ BC AND to rigorous, objective clinical trials nor was it widely available for scrutiny. Negate –1~ Limits – their model explodes it to medical devices, home remedies, anything that remotely treats and more – only our definition creates a reasonable caselist for medicines while they make prep impossible and wreck engagement2~ Precision – MRS is a legal definition of medicines from codified law and has intent to define which proves we’re right and consistent with topic lit | 9/16/21 |
SO - T - Medicine v4Tournament: Nano Nagle Classic | Round: 5 | Opponent: Southlake Carrol SD | Judge: Felicity Park 2Violation – Interpretation – Marijuana isn’t a MedicineMosley 20, Mark. "Medical Marijuana Is a Dangerous Lie." Emergency Medicine News 42.8 (2020): 2-3. (Dr. Mark Mosley is an emergency medicine physician in Wichita, Kansas and is affiliated with Wesley Healthcare Center. He received his medical degree from University of Oklahoma College of Medicine and has been in practice for more than 20 years.)Elmer AND willow tree in place of acetylsalicylic acid, the active ingredient in aspirin. FDA and CDC definitions prove.CDC ’18 (CDC; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; 3-7-2018; "Is marijuana medicine?"; CDC; https://www.cdc.gov/marijuana/faqs/is-marijuana-medicine.html; Accessed: 9-4-2021; AU) AND way to know what kind and how much of a chemical you’re getting. Negate –1~ Limits – their model explodes it to medical devices, anything that could be used in a medicinally, random herbs and more – only our definition creates a reasonable caselist for medicines while they make prep impossible and wreck engagement2~ Precision – MRS is a legal definition of medicines from codified law and has intent to define which proves we’re right and consistent with topic lit3~ At best – they’re extra-T since Cannabis isn’t intrinsically medicinal, it just has medicinal uses so they would reduce Recreational Marijuana patents too which isn’t topical and explodes limits.Johnson 20 Ian Johnson 1-20-2020 "Cannabis Patents 2000 – 2019: Trends Following Legalization" https://plantlaw.com/2020/01/20/cannabis-trends-medical-recreational/ (Registered Patent Agent, Plant and Planet Law Firm)Elmer AND below demonstrates the growth of the recreational sector’s share of cannabis patent activity. | 10/9/21 |
SO - T - ReduceTournament: Loyola Invitational | Round: 2 | Opponent: Saratoga AG | Judge: Ben Cortez 1Interp – reductions are permanentReynolds 59. Judge (In the Matter of Doris A. Montesani, Petitioner, v. Arthur Levitt, as Comptroller of the State of New York, et al., Respondents ~NO NUMBER IN ORIGINAL~ Supreme Court of New York, Appellate Division, Third Department 9 A.D.2d 51; 189 N.Y.S.2d 695; 1959 N.Y. App. Div. LEXIS 7391 August 13, 1959) AND and Social Security Law, § 101 ~§ 84 under the 1947 act~.) Violation – cxNegate –Limits and topic lit – their model allows adding on infinite random suspensions to IP protections, anything from conditioning IP protections on human rights to monopolistic tendencies – the core of the debate is reducing IP protections, not temporarily suspending them | 9/5/21 |
SO - T - Reduce v2Tournament: Greenhill Fall Classic RR | Round: 2 | Opponent: Sage Hill MP | Judge: Christopher Randall, Chris Castillo 1Interp – reductions are permanentReynolds 59. Judge (In the Matter of Doris A. Montesani, Petitioner, v. Arthur Levitt, as Comptroller of the State of New York, et al., Respondents ~NO NUMBER IN ORIGINAL~ Supreme Court of New York, Appellate Division, Third Department 9 A.D.2d 51; 189 N.Y.S.2d 695; 1959 N.Y. App. Div. LEXIS 7391 August 13, 1959) AND and Social Security Law, § 101 ~§ 84 under the 1947 act~.) Violation –Negate –1~ Limits and topic lit – their model allows adding on infinite random suspensions to IP protections, anything from conditioning IP protections on human rights to monopolistic tendencies – the core of the debate is reducing IP protections, not temporarily suspending them2~ Precision—they justify the aff arbitrarily doing away with words in the resolution – nothing stops them defending telemedicine or big pharma bad nextVoters:Fairness and education are voters – debate’s a game that needs rules to evaluate it and education gives us portable skills for life like research and thinking.Precision o/w – anything else justifies the aff arbitrarily jettisoning words in the resolution at their whim which decks negative ground and preparation because the aff is no longer bounded by the resolution.Drop the debater – a) they have a 7-6 rebuttal advantage and the 2ar to make args I can’t respond to, b) it deters future abuse and sets a positive norm.Use competing interps – a) reasonability invites arbitrary judge intervention since we don’t know your bs meter, b) collapses to competing interps – we justify 2 brightlines under an offense defense paradigm just like 2 interps.No RVIs – a) illogical – you shouldn’t win for being fair – it’s a litmus test for engaging in substance,b) norming – I can’t concede the counterinterp if I realize I’m wrong which forces me to argue for bad norms, c) baiting – incentivizes good debaters to be abusive, bait theory, then collapse to the 1AR RVI, d) topic ed – prevents 1AR blipstorm scripts and allows us to get back to substance after resolving theoryEvaluate T before 1AR theory – a) norms – we only have a couple months to set T norms but can set 1AR theory norms anytime,b) magnitude – T affects a larger portion of the debate since the aff advocacy determines every speech after it | 9/16/21 |
SO - T - Reduce v3Tournament: Greenhill Fall Classic | Round: 5 | Opponent: Strake KS | Judge: David Yi 1ACOffs1Interp – reductions are permanentReynolds 59. Judge (In the Matter of Doris A. Montesani, Petitioner, v. Arthur Levitt, as Comptroller of the State of New York, et al., Respondents ~NO NUMBER IN ORIGINAL~ Supreme Court of New York, Appellate Division, Third Department 9 A.D.2d 51; 189 N.Y.S.2d 695; 1959 N.Y. App. Div. LEXIS 7391 August 13, 1959) AND and Social Security Law, § 101 ~§ 84 under the 1947 act~.) Violation –Negate –1~ Limits and topic lit – their model allows adding on infinite random suspensions to IP protections, anything from conditioning IP protections on human rights to monopolistic tendencies – the core of the debate is reducing IP protections, not temporarily suspending them2~ Precision—they justify the aff arbitrarily doing away with words in the resolution – nothing stops them defending telemedicine or big pharma bad nextVoters:Fairness and education are voters – debate’s a game that needs rules to evaluate it and education gives us portable skills for life like research and thinking.Precision o/w – anything else justifies the aff arbitrarily jettisoning words in the resolution at their whim which decks negative ground and preparation because the aff is no longer bounded by the resolution.Drop the debater – they have a 7-6 rebuttal advantage and the 2ar to make args I can’t respond toUse competing interps – reasonability invites arbitrary judge intervention since we don’t know your bs meterNo RVIs – a) illogical – you shouldn’t win for being fair – it’s a litmus test for engaging in substance, b) norming – I can’t concede the counterinterp if I realize I’m wrong which forces me to argue for bad norms, c) baiting – incentivizes good debaters to be abusive, bait theory, then collapse to the 1AR RVI,Evaluate T before 1AR theory – magnitude – T affects a larger portion of the debate since the aff advocacy determines every speech after it | 9/19/21 |
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