Saratoga Garg Neg
| Tournament | Round | Opponent | Judge | Cites | Round Report | Open Source | Edit/Delete |
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| Apple Valley | 2 | Oxford VM | Animesh Joshi |
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| Apple Valley | 4 | Westwood AG | Shweta Kondapi |
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| Apple Valley | 6 | Mission San Jose SS | Lukas Krauss |
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| Apple Valley | Triples | Los Altos BF | Ben Waldman, Muhammad Khattak, Tajaih Robinson |
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| Cal RR | 2 | Southlake Carroll EP | Courtney Coffman, Parth Shah |
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| Cal RR | 6 | Ayala AM | Julian Kuffour, Jared Burke |
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| Emory | 1 | Sam Barlow EL | Henry Eberhart |
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| Emory | 5 | NSU SF | Eugene Toth |
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| Glenbrooks | 2 | Westlake AK | Joseph Barquin |
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| Glenbrooks | 3 | Acton Boxborough SP | Parth Misra |
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| Glenbrooks | 5 | Homestead SL | Julian Kuffour |
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| Glenbrooks | 7 | Strake Jesuit ZD | Avery Wilson |
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| Glenbrooks | Doubles | Presentation NR | Joseph Barquin, Jenn Melin, Rodrigo Paramo |
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| Greenhill | 2 | Northland Christian LB | Varad Agarwala |
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| Greenhill | 4 | Westlake AG | Samantha McLoughlin |
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| Greenhill | 6 | Carnegie Vanguard SR | Truman Le |
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| Harvard Westlake | 2 | Harker RA | Andrew Gong |
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| Harvard Westlake | 4 | Ayala AM | James Stuckert |
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| Harvard Westlake | 6 | Orange Lutheran AZ | Nick Fleming |
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| Harvard Westlake | Octas | Presentation NR | Rodrigo Paramo, Indu Pandey, Skye Spindler |
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| Loyola | 1 | Prospect ST | Joey Georges |
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| Loyola | 4 | ModernBrain AK | Michael Kurian |
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| Loyola | 6 | Honor VD | Zac Clough |
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| Nano Nagle | 2 | Sammamish LW | Nick Fleming |
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| Nano Nagle | 4 | Proof DR | Felicity Park |
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| Nano Nagle | 6 | Sequoia AS | Vishan Chaudhary |
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| Nano Nagle | Doubles | Mission San Jose SS | Vishan Chaudhary, Felicity Park, Emmiee Malyugina |
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| Nano Nagle RR | 1 | Immaculate Heart JL | Samantha McLoughlin |
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| Valley | 2 | Edina JS | Chetan Hertzig |
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| Valley | 3 | Basis SK | Phoenix Pittman |
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| Valley | 6 | Ayala AM | Benjamin Morbeck |
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| Valley RR | 1 | Lexington AK | Nethmin Liyanage, Phoenix Pittman |
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| Valley RR | 2 | Sage MP | Tajaih Robinson, Jared Burke |
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| Valley RR | 4 | American Heritage EM | Kyle Kopf, Jalyn Wu |
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| Tournament | Round | Report |
|---|---|---|
| Apple Valley | 2 | Opponent: Oxford VM | Judge: Animesh Joshi ac - prag ac |
| Apple Valley | 4 | Opponent: Westwood AG | Judge: Shweta Kondapi ac - uk |
| Apple Valley | 6 | Opponent: Mission San Jose SS | Judge: Lukas Krauss ac - china |
| Apple Valley | Triples | Opponent: Los Altos BF | Judge: Ben Waldman, Muhammad Khattak, Tajaih Robinson ac - non t cap |
| Cal RR | 2 | Opponent: Southlake Carroll EP | Judge: Courtney Coffman, Parth Shah ac - china |
| Cal RR | 6 | Opponent: Ayala AM | Judge: Julian Kuffour, Jared Burke ac - lunar heritage |
| Emory | 1 | Opponent: Sam Barlow EL | Judge: Henry Eberhart ac - heidegger |
| Emory | 5 | Opponent: NSU SF | Judge: Eugene Toth ac - kant |
| Glenbrooks | 2 | Opponent: Westlake AK | Judge: Joseph Barquin ac - non t cap |
| Glenbrooks | 3 | Opponent: Acton Boxborough SP | Judge: Parth Misra ac - svio whole rez |
| Glenbrooks | 5 | Opponent: Homestead SL | Judge: Julian Kuffour ac - beller |
| Glenbrooks | 7 | Opponent: Strake Jesuit ZD | Judge: Avery Wilson ac - black |
| Glenbrooks | Doubles | Opponent: Presentation NR | Judge: Joseph Barquin, Jenn Melin, Rodrigo Paramo ac - queer hauntology |
| Greenhill | 2 | Opponent: Northland Christian LB | Judge: Varad Agarwala ac - covid |
| Greenhill | 4 | Opponent: Westlake AG | Judge: Samantha McLoughlin ac - biopiracy |
| Greenhill | 6 | Opponent: Carnegie Vanguard SR | Judge: Truman Le ac - evergreening |
| Harvard Westlake | 2 | Opponent: Harker RA | Judge: Andrew Gong ac - mining |
| Harvard Westlake | 4 | Opponent: Ayala AM | Judge: James Stuckert ac - soko |
| Harvard Westlake | 6 | Opponent: Orange Lutheran AZ | Judge: Nick Fleming ac - whole rez |
| Harvard Westlake | Octas | Opponent: Presentation NR | Judge: Rodrigo Paramo, Indu Pandey, Skye Spindler ac - set col |
| Loyola | 1 | Opponent: Prospect ST | Judge: Joey Georges ac - virtue ethics |
| Loyola | 4 | Opponent: ModernBrain AK | Judge: Michael Kurian AC - Non T Set Col |
| Loyola | 6 | Opponent: Honor VD | Judge: Zac Clough AC - racial cap |
| Nano Nagle | 2 | Opponent: Sammamish LW | Judge: Nick Fleming ac - covid |
| Nano Nagle | 4 | Opponent: Proof DR | Judge: Felicity Park ac - evergreening |
| Nano Nagle | 6 | Opponent: Sequoia AS | Judge: Vishan Chaudhary ac - jordan |
| Nano Nagle | Doubles | Opponent: Mission San Jose SS | Judge: Vishan Chaudhary, Felicity Park, Emmiee Malyugina ac - covid |
| Nano Nagle RR | 1 | Opponent: Immaculate Heart JL | Judge: Samantha McLoughlin ac - crispr |
| Valley | 2 | Opponent: Edina JS | Judge: Chetan Hertzig ac - rawls util adv |
| Valley | 3 | Opponent: Basis SK | Judge: Phoenix Pittman ac - prag |
| Valley | 6 | Opponent: Ayala AM | Judge: Benjamin Morbeck ac - evergreening |
| Valley RR | 1 | Opponent: Lexington AK | Judge: Nethmin Liyanage, Phoenix Pittman ac - kant |
| Valley RR | 2 | Opponent: Sage MP | Judge: Tajaih Robinson, Jared Burke ac - biopiracy |
| Valley RR | 4 | Opponent: American Heritage EM | Judge: Kyle Kopf, Jalyn Wu ac - virtue |
To modify or delete round reports, edit the associated round.
Cites
| Entry | Date |
|---|---|
0 - Contact InfoTournament: All | Round: Finals | Opponent: Probably You | Judge: Probably Not You Facebook: Arnav Garg (i dont check message reqs so friend req me first pls) Harvard Westlkae/rest of szn note - i think cites are broken - contact me if you need anything | 1/16/22 |
0 - DebateDrillsTournament: All | Round: Finals | Opponent: Probably You | Judge: Probably Not You | 1/16/22 |
0 - NavigationTournament: All | Round: Finals | Opponent: Probably You | Judge: Probably Not You | 1/16/22 |
2 - K - ColorblindnessTournament: Valley | Round: 3 | Opponent: Basis SK | Judge: Phoenix Pittman Academic philosophy serves to perpetuate antiblackness. The 1AC’s abstraction from the manifestations of racialized violence absolves white philosophers of their contributions to America’s apathy towards black death. Their race-neutral rhetoric and universal humanistic principles prevents effective mobilization against white supremacy. Vote negative to reject the Western metaphysical tradition and the perennial failure of white philosophy. Curry and Curry 18~Tommy, PhD, Prof. of Philosophy @ TAMU, Gwenetta, PhD, Ass. Prof. of Gender and Race Studies @ Alabama~, "On the Perils of Race Neutrality and Anti-Blackness: Philosophy as an Irreconcilable Obstacle to (Black) Thought," American Journal of Economics and Sociology, Vol. 77, Nos. 3-4 (May-September 2018). DOI: 10.1111/ajes.12244~ JJ AND and build strategies against the present problems of racism in philosophy before us. Even if they win that their colorblindness is theoretically ideal, it is practically impossible because racialized bodies are marked by their skin color – the psychological construction of Black as inferior makes their impacts inevitable – philosophy’s segregation of black scholarship is not neutral and not normal. Their Glaude evidence is a move to try and fix a larger structure, which isn’t possible.Tommy J. Curry and Curry 18 ~Tommy, PhD, Prof. of Philosophy @ TAMU, Gwenetta, PhD, Ass. Prof. of Gender and Race Studies @ Alabama~, "On the Perils of Race Neutrality and Anti-Blackness: Philosophy as an Irreconcilable Obstacle to (Black) Thought," American Journal of Economics and Sociology, Vol. 77, Nos. 3-4 (May-September 2018). DOI: 10.1111/ajes.12244 AND or friends who live within their social environment. Academic philosophy operates similarly. The 1AC’s spikes and technical obfuscation are the hoops that black scholarship has to jump through to even get on the playing field —- white psychosis responds to critique with an abstraction to the level of fair play —- this fair play is embedded with a safe fantasy zone in which whiteness has the collective power to set rules and normsWilderson 08 Frank B Wilderson III, Associate Professor of African American Studies and Drama at the UC, Irvine, Former Member of militarized wing of the ANC. "Incognegro: A Memoir of Exile and Apartheid" Originally published by South End Press, 2008. IB AND as to tell us the very terms of our precious debates are specious." Racism deems Black life disposable and demands racialized violence – we’re not an ad-hom that criticizes the positionality or personal views of their authors – their philosophy is actively used as an expression of white supremacy and to rationalize the deaths of Black men and women.Tommy J. Curry and Curry 18 ~Tommy, PhD, Prof. of Philosophy @ TAMU, Gwenetta, PhD, Ass. Prof. of Gender and Race Studies @ Alabama~, "On the Perils of Race Neutrality and Anti-Blackness: Philosophy as an Irreconcilable Obstacle to (Black) Thought," American Journal of Economics and Sociology, Vol. 77, Nos. 3-4 (May-September 2018). DOI: 10.1111/ajes.12244 AND that Black philosophers and graduate students share with whites become more worthwhile topics. This turns the aff – America is organized around the subjugation and death of non-white people – discriminatory applications of their policy are inevitable absent a recognition of racialization in the law – their colorblindness is mutually exclusive with the necessary upheaval of the racial dynamics that necessitate inequality.Tommy J. and Gwenetta Curry and Curry 18 ~Tommy, PhD, Prof. of Philosophy @ TAMU, Gwenetta, PhD, Ass. Prof. of Gender and Race Studies @ Alabama~, "On the Perils of Race Neutrality and Anti-Blackness: Philosophy as an Irreconcilable Obstacle to (Black) Thought," American Journal of Economics and Sociology, Vol. 77, Nos. 3-4 (May-September 2018). DOI: 10.1111/ajes.12244 AND rely on institutional racism to produce social structures that reward and elevate whites. The role of debate and the alternative is to surrender to blackness.Brady and Murillo 14 ~Nicholas and John, "Black Imperative: A Forum on Solidarity in the Age of Coalition," January 26, 2014, http://outofnowhereblog.wordpress.com/2014/01/26/black-imperative-a-forum-on-solidarity-in-the-age-of-coalition/, John Murillo III is a PhD student in the English department at Brown University, and a graduate of the University of California, Irvine, with bachelor’s degrees in Cognitive Science and English. His research interests are broad, and include extensive engagements with and within: Black Studies–particularly Afro-Pessimism–Narrative Theory; Theoretical Physics; Astrophysics; Cosmology; and Neuroscience. Nicholas Brady is an activist-scholar from Baltimore, Maryland. He was also a recent graduate of Johns Hopkins with a bachelor’s degree in Philosophy and currently a doctoral student at the University of California-Irvine Culture and Theory program.~ AND imperative. Instead of fetishizing the object, you must surrender to blackness. | 9/25/21 |
JANFEB - CP - Bilateral AgreementTournament: Cal RR | Round: 6 | Opponent: Ayala AM | Judge: Julian Kuffour, Jared Burke CP: The United States Federal Government and Russian Federation should establish a bilateral agreement that distinguishes historical artifacts on the Moon from the territory they occupy and create domestic recognition sites that cannot be encroached upon by any entities.Competes:1~ Normal means would make American heritage sites under the jurisdiction of the UN—their evidence.Hertzfeld and Pace 13 (, H. and Pace, S., 2013. International Cooperation on Human Lunar Heritage. ~online~ Cpb-us-e1.wpmucdn.com. Available at: https://cpb-us-e1.wpmucdn.com/blogs.gwu.edu/dist/7/314/files/2018/10/Hertzfeld-and-Pace-International-Cooperation-on-Human-Lunar-Heritage-t984sx.pdf ~Accessed 18 January 2022~ Dr. Hertzfeld is an expert in the economic, legal, and policy issues of space and advanced technological development. Dr. Hertzfeld holds a B.A. from the University of Pennsylvania, an M.A. from Washington University, and a Ph.D. degree in economics from Temple University. He also holds a J.D. degree from the George Washington University and is a member of the Bar in Pennsylvania and the District of Columbia. Dr. Hertzfeld joined the Space Policy Institute in 1992. His research projects have included studies on the privatization of the Space Shuttle, the economic benefits of NASA RandD expenditures, and the socioeconomic impacts of earth observation technologies. He teaches a course in Space Law and a course in microeconomics through the Economics Department at G.W. Dr. Hertzfeld has served as a Senior Economist and Policy Analyst at both NASA and the National Science Foundation, and has been a consultant to many U.S. and international organizations, including a recent project on space applications with the OECD. He is the co-editor of Space Economics (AIAA 1992). Selected other publications include a study of the issues for privatizing the Space Shuttle (2000), an analysis of the value of information from better weather forecasts, an analysis of sovereignty and property rights published in the Journal of International Law (University of Chicago, 2005), and an economic analysis of the space launch vehicle industry (2005). Dr. Hertzfeld has also edited and prepared a new edition of the Study Guide and Case Book for Managerial Economics (Sixth Edition, W.W. Norton and Co.). Dr. Scott N. Pace is the Deputy Assistant to the President and Executive Secretary of the National Space Council (NSpC). He joined the NSpC in August 2017. From 2008-2017, he was the Director of the Space Policy Institute and a Professor of the Practice of International Affairs at George Washington University’s Elliott School of International Affairs. From 2005-2008, he served as the Associate Administrator for Program Analysis and Evaluation at NASA. Prior to NASA, he was the Assistant Director for Space and Aeronautics in the White House Office of Science and Technology Policy. From 1993-2000, he worked for the RAND Corporation’s Science and Technology Policy Institute, and from 1990-1993, he served as the Deputy Director and Acting Director of the Office of Space Commerce, in the Office of the Deputy Secretary of the Department of Commerce. In 1980, he received a Bachelor of Science degree in Physics from Harvey Mudd College; in 1982, Masters degrees in Aeronautics and Astronautics and Technology and Policy from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology; and in 1989, a Doctorate in Policy Analysis from the RAND Graduate School.)-rahulpenu recut amrita AND little chance of being ratifi ed by the major space-faring nations. Solves the aff- their evidence.Hertzfeld and Pace 13 (, H. and Pace, S., 2013. International Cooperation on Human Lunar Heritage. ~online~ Cpb-us-e1.wpmucdn.com. Available at: https://cpb-us-e1.wpmucdn.com/blogs.gwu.edu/dist/7/314/files/2018/10/Hertzfeld-and-Pace-International-Cooperation-on-Human-Lunar-Heritage-t984sx.pdf ~Accessed 18 January 2022~ Dr. Hertzfeld is an expert in the economic, legal, and policy issues of space and advanced technological development. Dr. Hertzfeld holds a B.A. from the University of Pennsylvania, an M.A. from Washington University, and a Ph.D. degree in economics from Temple University. He also holds a J.D. degree from the George Washington University and is a member of the Bar in Pennsylvania and the District of Columbia. Dr. Hertzfeld joined the Space Policy Institute in 1992. His research projects have included studies on the privatization of the Space Shuttle, the economic benefits of NASA RandD expenditures, and the socioeconomic impacts of earth observation technologies. He teaches a course in Space Law and a course in microeconomics through the Economics Department at G.W. Dr. Hertzfeld has served as a Senior Economist and Policy Analyst at both NASA and the National Science Foundation, and has been a consultant to many U.S. and international organizations, including a recent project on space applications with the OECD. He is the co-editor of Space Economics (AIAA 1992). Selected other publications include a study of the issues for privatizing the Space Shuttle (2000), an analysis of the value of information from better weather forecasts, an analysis of sovereignty and property rights published in the Journal of International Law (University of Chicago, 2005), and an economic analysis of the space launch vehicle industry (2005). Dr. Hertzfeld has also edited and prepared a new edition of the Study Guide and Case Book for Managerial Economics (Sixth Edition, W.W. Norton and Co.). Dr. Scott N. Pace is the Deputy Assistant to the President and Executive Secretary of the National Space Council (NSpC). He joined the NSpC in August 2017. From 2008-2017, he was the Director of the Space Policy Institute and a Professor of the Practice of International Affairs at George Washington University’s Elliott School of International Affairs. From 2005-2008, he served as the Associate Administrator for Program Analysis and Evaluation at NASA. Prior to NASA, he was the Assistant Director for Space and Aeronautics in the White House Office of Science and Technology Policy. From 1993-2000, he worked for the RAND Corporation’s Science and Technology Policy Institute, and from 1990-1993, he served as the Deputy Director and Acting Director of the Office of Space Commerce, in the Office of the Deputy Secretary of the Department of Commerce. In 1980, he received a Bachelor of Science degree in Physics from Harvey Mudd College; in 1982, Masters degrees in Aeronautics and Astronautics and Technology and Policy from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology; and in 1989, a Doctorate in Policy Analysis from the RAND Graduate School.)-rahulpenu recut amrita AND important role of national laws to implement and enforce these international space agreements. | 2/18/22 |
JANFEB - CP - Lunar ObservatoryTournament: Cal RR | Round: 6 | Opponent: Ayala AM | Judge: Julian Kuffour, Jared Burke CP: Spacefaring nations should create a multilateral agreement to establish a Lunar-Earth observatory.The tech exists and we have 0 need for moon bases- no need for this cruddy link chain.They have ZERO evidence that we need lunar bases to establish an observatory. Lunar bases would require life systems because people live there- this observatory does not. Yikes yikes yikes AND on the Moon have a periodicity of a month rather than several hours. | 2/18/22 |
JANFEB - CP - Nasa LHSTournament: Cal RR | Round: 6 | Opponent: Ayala AM | Judge: Julian Kuffour, Jared Burke CP: Private entities should fully agree with and comply with the LHS guidelines set by NASA.Prevents exploitation of LHS but still allows for private appropriation- means it competes and solves every scenario bc we ensure regulation. Your author.OSTP 18 Office of Science and Technology Policy March 2018 "PROTECTING and PRESERVING APOLLO PROGRAM LUNAR LANDING SITES and ARTIFACTS" (The Office of Science and Technology Policy is a department of the United States government, part of the Executive Office of the President, established by United States Congress on May 11, 1976, with a broad mandate to advise the President on the effects of science and technology on domestic and international affairs.)Elmer recut amrita AND S.) have already announced their intentions to follow NASA’s LHS Technical Guidelines. | 2/18/22 |
JANFEB - DA - Arms RaceTournament: Cal RR | Round: 2 | Opponent: Southlake Carroll EP | Judge: Courtney Coffman, Parth Shah 4China views resources in space as key to foreign policy iniativesBlair, Yali, 19, 03/2019, "The Space Security Dilemma", Bruce G. Blair is the President of the World Security Institute. He was a project director at the Congressional Office of Technology Assessment and a senior fellow in the Foreign Policy Studies Program at the Brookings Institution from 1987-2000. Mr. Blair is the author of numerous articles and books on security issues including the Logic of Accidental Nuclear War and Global Zero Alert for Nuclear Forces. He is presently completing a new book on U.S. nuclear policy.sChen Yali is the editor-in-chief of Washington Observer. She is also a Program Manager of Chen Shi China Research Group based in Beijing. Chen worked for China Daily as a reporter and opinion writer on politics and international affairs between 1994 and 2000, URL: https://www.globalzero.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/03/BB'Editors-Notes-Space-Security-Dilemma'2006.pdf, KR AND have led other space-faring nations to choose satellites for this mission. The plan forces China to respond since they can’t pursue resources – that form of militarization creates arms control and escalation crisesBlair, Yali, 19, 03/2019, "The Space Security Dilemma", Bruce G. Blair is the President of the World Security Institute. He was a project director at the Congressional Office of Technology Assessment and a senior fellow in the Foreign Policy Studies Program at the Brookings Institution from 1987-2000. Mr. Blair is the author of numerous articles and books on security issues including the Logic of Accidental Nuclear War and Global Zero Alert for Nuclear Forces. He is presently completing a new book on U.S. nuclear policy.sChen Yali is the editor-in-chief of Washington Observer. She is also a Program Manager of Chen Shi China Research Group based in Beijing. Chen worked for China Daily as a reporter and opinion writer on politics and international affairs between 1994 and 2000, URL: https://www.globalzero.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/03/BB'Editors-Notes-Space-Security-Dilemma'2006.pdf, KR AND multinational treaty calling for all countries to stop future production of such materials. Turns aff war impacts and hyper-escalate their conflict scenarios since other states have incentives to match China | 2/18/22 |
JANFEB - DA - HorsetradingTournament: Cal RR | Round: 6 | Opponent: Ayala AM | Judge: Julian Kuffour, Jared Burke The plan requires clarifying international space law—-causes strategic bargaining to extract concessionsAlexander William Salter 16, Assistant Professor of Economics, Rawls College of Business, Texas Tech University, "SPACE DEBRIS: A LAW AND ECONOMICS ANALYSIS OF THE ORBITAL COMMONS", 19 STAN. TECH. L. REV. 221 (2016), https://law.stanford.edu/wp-content/uploads/2017/11/19-2-2-salter-final'0.pdf AND secure a global response to a global commons problem are potentially quite high. The US will use that opportunity to push Artemis Accords and bilateralization – undermines multilateral space law.Wall 20 – Senior Space Writer with Space.com, former herpetologist and wildlife biologist, Ph.D. in evolutionary biology from the University of Sydney, Australia; citing Boley (Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver) and Byers (Department of Political Science, University of British Columbia, Vancouver) AND somewhat careless and chaotic fashion in the not-too-distant future. That returns space to might-makes-right imperial conflict.O’Brien 20 – member of the International Institute of Space Law and founder of The Space Treaty Project, retired attorney and former member of the NASA-Hastings Law Project AND for peace and cooperation, is about to be spoiled, perhaps forever. Goes nuclear – space conflict is uniquely escalatory.Farley 22 – PhD, Senior Lecturer at the Patterson School at the University of Kentucky AND warfighters to consider critical military infrastructure off-limits in any particular conflict. | 2/18/22 |
JANFEB - DA - Lunar MiningTournament: Cal RR | Round: 6 | Opponent: Ayala AM | Judge: Julian Kuffour, Jared Burke Private companies are set to mine in space – new tech and profit motives make space lucrativeGilbert 21, (Alex Gilbert is a complex systems researcher and PhD student in Space Resources at the Colorado School of Mines, "Mining in Space is Coming"), 4-26-21, Milken Institute Review, https://www.milkenreview.org/articles/mining-in-space-is-coming MNHS NL AND to as much as $1 trillion by 2040 as private investment soars. Private entities on the moon key to lunar miningDreier 20~Casey Dreier, chief advocate and senior space policy adviser at the Planetary Society, wrote on Twitter that the importance of Nasa’s announcement is "not so much the financial incentive (which is tiny) but in establishing the legal precedent that private companies can collect and sell celestial materials (with the explicit blessing of NASA/U.S. gov)". 9-11-2020, "Nasa is looking for private companies to help mine the moon," https://www.theguardian.com/science/2020/sep/11/nasa-moon-mining-private-companies~~ AND (with the explicit blessing of NASA/U.S. gov)". Squo private companies are willing to invest, but the plan crosses a perception barrier which destroys investmentShaw 13 - Lauren E, J.D. from Chapman University School of Law, "Asteroids, the New Western Frontier: Applying Principles of the General Mining Law of 1872 to Incentive Asteroid Mining", JOURNAL OF AIR LAW AND COMMERCE, Volume 78, Issue 1, Article 2, https://scholar.smu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1307andcontext=jalc recut MNHS NL AND that hit the Earth after the crust cooled during the planet's formation.' Space mining is the only way to solve climate changeDuran 21, (Paloma Duran is a journalist and industry analyst at Mexico Business News, "Is Space Mining the Best Option to Face Climate Change?"), 11-03-21, Mexico Business News, https://mexicobusiness.news/mining/news/space-mining-best-option-face-climate-change MNHS NL AND Jeff Bezos, Founder of Amazon and the Space Launch Provider Blue Origin. Anthropogenic warming causes extinction —- mitigation efforts now are keyGriffin, 2015 (David, Professor of Philosophy at Claremont, "The climate is ruined. So can civilization even survive?", CNN, 4/14/2015, http://www.cnn.com/2015/01/14/opinion/co2-crisis-griffin/ ) AND the whole world to replace dirty energy with clean as soon as possible. | 2/18/22 |
JANFEB - DA - Xi LashoutTournament: Cal RR | Round: 2 | Opponent: Southlake Carroll EP | Judge: Courtney Coffman, Parth Shah 2Space domination is central to Xi’s vision of China – his leadership and regime depends upon a substantial victory against the United States in the space race.Shepherd and Kygne 21 ~James Kynge is global China editor, based in Hong Kong. He is also editor of ~#techAsia, the leading newsletter on new Asian tech themes that covers the whole region including China, India, south-east Asia and Japan. Christian Shepherd is a former Beijing correspondent.~ "China’s ambitions in space: national pride or taking on the Americans?," May 8th, 2021, https://www.ft.com/content/8a6bb0c0-9a6f-46c0-8438-48984c5e32dc**, VM AND says Mark Hilborne, an expert in defence studies at King’s College London." Reduction of space programs specifically hurts China’s goalFabian ‘19~Christopher David Fabian – written as part of the author’s completion of a Masters in Science (Space Studies) from the University of North Dakota. Fabian holds a BA from the US Air Force Academy and was a Captain in the SPCS - a space control unit tasked with providing 24/7 support to the space sensor network (SSN), maintaining the space catalog and managing United States Strategic Command’s (USSTRATCOM) space situational awareness (SSA) sharing program to United States, foreign government, and commercial entities. The author’s thesis was Chaired and overseen by field expert Dr. Michael S. Dodge. Dodge currently serves as an Assistant Professor and Director of Graduate Studies in the Department of Space Studies at the University of North Dakota. Prior to joining the faculty at UND, Prof. Dodge was Research Counsel and Law Instructor at the University of Mississippi School of Law's program in Air and Space Law. Before teaching at UoM Law, Prof. Dodge received his LL.M. degree in Aviation and Space Law from McGill University in the Fall of 2011 (thesis: "Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) and the GPS-Galileo Agreement"). Before attending McGill, he obtained his J.D. in 2008 from the University of Mississippi School of Law, where he was also the first recipient of the Certificate in Remote Sensing, Air, and Space Law. He obtained dual degrees in B.S. (in Biological Sciences) and B.A. (in Philosophy) in 2005, from the University of Southern Mississippi. – "A Neoclassical Realist’s Analysis Of Sino-U.S. Space Policy" - May 2019 –~#EandF - https://commons.und.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=3456andcontext=theses~~ AND a quick reference comparing U.S. and Chinese space assets. 157 That’s key to strength and legitimacyPerlez 17 ~Jane Perlez and Chris Buckley, 1-24-2017, citing Paul Haenle, Director of the Carnegie-Tsinghua Center for Global Policy in Beijing, also served as China director for the National Security Council under Presidents Bush and Obama, and Minxin Pei, cited above. "Trump Injects High Risk Into Relations With China," New York Times, https://www.nytimes.com/2017/01/24/world/asia/trump-us-china-trade-trans-pacific-partnership.html~~ AND pressure from outside, Chinese officials tend to rally around the top leader." Taiwan warNorris, 17 — Texas AandM Chinese foreign and security policy professor AND with Taiwan, virulent anti-Americanism, and financial collapse and contagion. Goes nuclear – intermingled assets guarantee use-or-lose pressures.Talmadge 18 – Associate Professor of Security Studies at the Edmund A. Walsh School of Foreign Service at Georgetown University, this essay is adapted from "Would China Go Nuclear? Assessing the Risk of Chinese Nuclear Escalation in a Conventional War with the United States," International Security, Spring 2017 AND have considered unthinkable only months earlier. This pattern could unfold again today. | 2/18/22 |
JANFEB - K - SecurityTournament: Cal RR | Round: 2 | Opponent: Southlake Carroll EP | Judge: Courtney Coffman, Parth Shah 3AMRITA IS THE FREAKING BEST COACH EVER - arnav Threats are constructed – their security discourse creates a self fulfilling prophecy that makes true understanding of structural causes behind "threats" impossible.Mack 91: Dr. Mack, professor at Harvard Medical School, 1991, (John E., "The Psychodynamics of International Relationships" Vol 1 p. 58-59) AND motives and we never labor to asses his will with anything approaching objectivity." Securitization of China is a form of American hegemony that attempts to create American identity- they are a police force that sustains itself by doing good under the guise of the ambiguous threat of the evil Others but that’s why tense relations happen.Solomon 15 ~Ty Solomon is a prof @ international relations @ UofGlasgow, The Politics of Subjectivity in American Foreign Policy Discourses, pp. 210-211, 1-23-2019 amrita~ AND , yet the fantasy implicit in these signifiers merely covers over a lack. Their security discourse causes genocide and interventionism in the name of cleansing the world of violent "others"Friis 2k - Friis, UN Sector at the Norwegian Institute of International Affairs, 2k, (Karsten, Peace and Conflict Studies 7.2, "From Liminars to Others: Securitization Through Myths," http://shss.nova.edu/pcs/journalsPDF/V7N2.pdf~~#page=2). NS AND on behalf of the natural and eternal, where truth is never questioned. The alternative is to reject securitization – this opens up space for emancipatory political engagement.Neocleous: ~Mark, Professor of the Critique of Political Economy; Head of Department of Politics and History Brunel Univ, Critique of Security, 185-6~ AND
Representations must precede policy discussion – they determine what is politically thinkable.Crawford 02 — Neta, PhD MA MIT, BA Brown, Prof. of poli sci at boston univ. Argument and Change in World Politics, p. 19-21 AND entrepreneurs without serious political wrangling." Hence framing is a meta-argument. | 2/18/22 |
JANFEB - T - NebelTournament: Cal RR | Round: 2 | Opponent: Southlake Carroll EP | Judge: Courtney Coffman, Parth Shah 1Interpretation – the aff may not defend that the appropriation of outer space by a certain set of private entities is unjust.Entities is a generic bare pluralNebel 20 ~Jake Nebel is an assistant professor of philosophy at the University of Southern California and executive director of Victory Briefs. He writes a lot of this stuff lol – duh.~ "Indefinite Singular Generics in Debate" Victory Briefs, 19 August 2020. no url AG AND This suggests that "a democracy" in the resolution is not existential. It applies to this topic – a~ entities is an existential bare plural bc it has no determiner b~ The sentence "The appropriation of outer space by private entities is unjust" does not imply "the appropriation of outer space by private and public entities is unjust"Violation – they spec Chinese private entitiesStandards1~ Limits – they can spec infinite different entities like spaceX, etc.. - that’s supercharged by the ability to spec combinations of types of entities. This takes out functional limits – it’s impossible for me to research every possible combination of entities, governments, and appropriation.2~ TVA solves – just read your aff as an advantage to a whole rez aff – we don’t stop them from reading new FWs, mechanisms or advantages. PICs aren’t aff offense – a~ it’s ridiculous to say that neg potential abuse justifies the aff being non-T b~ There’s only a small number of pics on this topic c~ PICs incentivize them to write better affs that can generate solvency deficits to PICsCompeting interps | 2/18/22 |
JANFEB - T - Outer SpaceTournament: Cal RR | Round: 6 | Opponent: Ayala AM | Judge: Julian Kuffour, Jared Burke Interpretation- The affirmative must defend the appropriation of outer space by private entities is unjust.Outer space doesn’t include celestial bodies-Science Daily ~Outer Space. Science Daily. URL: https://www.sciencedaily.com/terms/outer'space.htm~~ JV AND density of particles, predominantly hydrogen gas, as well as electromagnetic radiation. Violation- they defend Lunar heritage sites which aren’t a part of outer space.Standards-1~ Limits- By extending the term outer space they have access to an infinite amount of aff which the neg could never make up for. Even now, the definition of the term outer space leaves vagueness for the neg, but their extension makes it impossible to negative. Limits are key to proper clash and education which are the only impacts that matter.2~ Precision – the resolution is the only stable locust of prep – taking that away decks our ability to prep and independently wrecks groundVoters-Fairness and education are voters – debate’s a game that needs rules to evaluate it and education gives us portable skills for life like research and thinking.Precision o/w – anything else justifies the aff arbitrarily jettisoning words in the resolution at their whim which decks negative ground and preparation because the aff is no longer bounded by the resolution.Drop the debater – a) they have a 7-6 rebuttal advantage and the 2ar to make args I can’t respond to, b) it deters future abuse and sets a positive norm.Use competing interps – a) reasonability invites arbitrary judge intervention since we don’t know your bs meter, b) collapses to competing interps – we justify 2 brightlines under an offense defense paradigm just like 2 interps.Condo good – it’s key to negative flexibility and testing the affirmative from multiple different angles which dispo and uncondo cant doNo RVIs – they incentivize baiting theory | 2/18/22 |
NOVDEC - DA - PoliticsTournament: Apple Valley | Round: 2 | Opponent: Oxford VM | Judge: Animesh Joshi Biden’s reconciliation bill passes now but compromises are delicateCaygle and Everett 10/20 (Heather and Burgess, Congress reporters at Politico) "Dems edge closer to ditching disarray" https://www.politico.com/news/2021/10/20/dems-edge-closer-ditching-disarray-516312 EE, DebateDrills AND if we make significant progress, that'll also be success towards those ends." The plan gets lumped in with the reconciliation bill and causes conflictMueller 09/21/2021 (Eleanor, labor reporter) "Unions squeeze pro-labor priorities into Democrats’ spending bill" Politico, https://www.politico.com/news/2021/09/21/unions-reconciliation-bill-513423 EE, DebateDrills AND vehicle for the labor provisions since they were introduced in the PRO Act. Infrastructure only passes if reconciliation doesCochrane et al 10/18/2021 (Emily Cochrane, Luke Broadwater, and Jonathan Weisman, NYT reporters) Biden Meets With Feuding Democrats and Expresses Confidence a Deal Can Be Reached, https://www.nytimes.com/live/2021/10/01/us/infrastructure-bill-house~~#house-infrastructure-delay-vote EE, DebateDrills AND Biden "was very clear" that the two bills were tied together. Failure of the infrastructure package locks in catastrophic climate change—-extinctionPaul Bledsoe 9/4, strategic adviser at the Progressive Policy Institute and a professorial lecturer at American University’s Center for Environmental Policy. He served on the White House Climate Change Task Force under former President Bill Clinton, "Climate devastation is upon us. Congress must act.," NY Daily News, 9-4-2021, https://www.nydailynews.com/opinion/ny-oped-climate-congress-20210904-mqbe75qni5b77ocke5orzrmjce-story.html?outputType=amp AND all of those who come after us to a devastated and denuded world. | 11/5/21 |
NOVDEC - T - ATournament: Apple Valley | Round: 2 | Opponent: Oxford VM | Judge: Animesh Joshi TInterp - The letter "A" is an indefinite article that modifies "just government" – the resolution must be proven true in all instances, not one particular instanceCCC Capital Community College ~a nonprofit 501 c-3 organization that supports scholarships, faculty development, and curriculum innovation~, "Articles, Determiners, and Quantifiers", http://grammar.ccc.commnet.edu/grammar/determiners/determiners.htm~~#articles AG AND the former (see beagle sentence) refers to all members of that class Violation – They spec the United StatesStandards:1~ Limits – they can spec 123 different governments - that’s supercharged by the ability to spec combinations of types of strikes. This takes out functional limits – it’s impossible for me to research every possible combination of the 195 countries and worker typesITUC 20, (International Trade Union Confederation, "World’s Worst Countries for Workers"), ITUC, 2020, https://www.ituc-csi.org/IMG/pdf/ituc'globalrightsindex'2020'en.pdf MNHS NL recut DD AG 2~ TVA solves – just read your aff as an advantage to a whole rez aff – we don’t stop them from reading new FWs, mechanisms or advantages. a~ it’s ridiculous to say that neg potential abuse justifies the aff being non-T b~ There’s only a small number of pics on this topic c~ PICs incentivize them to write better affs that can generate solvency deficits to PICsDrop the debater bc you can’t drop the arg on their advocacyNo rvis – they can dump on theory in the 1ar, chilling us from checking abuseCompeting interps – reasonability is arbtiary and causes race to the bottom | 11/5/21 |
SEPTOCT - CP - Patent PoolTournament: Nano Nagle | Round: 2 | Opponent: Sammamish LW | Judge: Nick Fleming CP Text – the member nations of the World Trade Organization ought to implement a patent pool for COVID-19 vaccinesThat solves access and boosts WTO legitimacy-Burrone et al 19 Esteban Burrone ~Member of Medicine Patent Pool~, corresponding authors Dzintars Gotham, Andy Gray, Kees de Joncheere, Nicola Magrini, Yehoda M Martei, Charles Gore, and Marie Paule Kienya, Jun 11 2019, "Patent pooling to increase access to essential medicines", NCBI, Bull World Health Organ 97(8) pp. 575-577, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6653814/ DD AG AND including a new fixed-dose combination, with the WHO prequalification programme. | 10/9/21 |
SEPTOCT - CP - PrizeTournament: Loyola | Round: 1 | Opponent: Prospect ST | Judge: Joey Georges Counterplan text: member nations of the WTO should establish a government-financed Pharmaceutical Innovation Fund, which will financially reward companies for therapeutic drugs, cost-reducing innovations, and reward those who prove patents to be invalid.That incentivizes better therapeutic drugs and boosts innovationHollis 04 AND of the total points allocated under (1) and (2). 21 Drug prices will drop significantlyHollis 04 AND , and gains in terms of saved lives would likely be very large. Perm fails – complete replacement of the patent system is fiscally impossible and drives down Innovation – only the CP’s compromise worksStevens and Ezell 20 AND focus their efforts elsewhere on countries that retained robust standards of IP protection. | 9/4/21 |
SEPTOCT - CP - ADMATournament: Valley | Round: 6 | Opponent: Ayala AM | Judge: Benjamin Morbeck CP Text – the United States of America shouldpass the Affordable Drug Manufacturing ActDonate all extra drugs to low-income countriesDedicate more money to innovationCreate a Pharma Innovation Fund to reward companies for therapeutic drugs, cost reducing innovations dan reward those who prove patents to be invalidADMA solves high pricesScott 18 Dylan Scott ~grew up in Ohio, lived in Las Vegas for a year and moved to Washington in 2011. I cover health care and other domestic policy.~, 12-20-2018, "Elizabeth Warren’s ambitious new bill to lower generic drug prices, explained," Vox, https://www.vox.com/policy-and-politics/2018/12/20/18146993/elizabeth-warren-2020-election-drug-prices-bill DD AG AND federal government to contract with private companies to do the actual drug producing. Drug prices will drop significantly bc of prizesHollis 04 AND , and gains in terms of saved lives would likely be very large. | 9/26/21 |
SEPTOCT - CP - Abolish WTOTournament: Loyola | Round: 6 | Opponent: Honor VD | Judge: Zac Clough Text:1. The World Trade Organization ought to be abolished.2. The following 164 countries listed in the speech doc ought to independently and without influence from international government ~opponent’s plan~Afghanistan AND its leading institutions, the World Trade Organization. We should abolish it. The WTO as an institution is unethical and perpetuates colonialismGodrej 20 AND world – were living on less than $5.50 a day. | 9/18/21 |
SEPTOCT - CP - AntitrustTournament: Valley | Round: 6 | Opponent: Ayala AM | Judge: Benjamin Morbeck Text: The member nations of the World Trade Organization ought to enforce antitrust laws against pharmaceutical companies blocking generic competition, ban pharmaceutical lobbying of doctors, and eliminate the suit immunity provided to doctors who use patented products.Solves without hurting innovationHolman 18 (Christopher M., Professor of Law @ University of Missouri-Kansas City School of Law) Inside Views: Why Follow-On Pharmaceutical Innovations Should Be Eligible For Patent Protection, 9/21/18, https://www.ip-watch.org/2018/09/21/follow-pharmaceutical-innovations-eligible-patent-protection/ EE AND rather than through what amounts to an attack on the patent system itself. | 9/26/21 |
SEPTOCT - CP - DonationsTournament: Valley | Round: 2 | Opponent: Edina JS | Judge: Chetan Hertzig Counterplan text: Member nations of the WTO shoulduse RandD subsidies to encourage pharmaceutical companies to grant confidential discounts to low-income countriesDonate all COVID vaccine doses to low- and middle-income countriesThat makes new drugs affordable and spurs innovationDanzon 07 AND pay in advance and bear the full risk of RandD failure. | 9/25/21 |
SEPTOCT - CP - Markush ClaimsTournament: Valley | Round: 6 | Opponent: Ayala AM | Judge: Benjamin Morbeck CP Text - The member nations of the World Trade Organization ought to reduce intellectual property protections for medicines by implementing a one-and-done approach for patent and exclusivity protection except for Markush claims.The PIC avoids the link to the innovation disadHolman 17 (Christopher M.,) In Defense of Secondary Pharmaceutical Patents: A Response to the UN's Guidelines for Pharmaceutical Patent Examination Professor of Law @ University of Missouri-Kansas City School of Law 5/12/17 http://journals.iupui.edu/index.php/inlawrev/article/view/21522 EE AND totally disregard the valid policy basis behind the allowance of Markush claims. 42 The counterplan competesHolman 17 (Christopher M.,) In Defense of Secondary Pharmaceutical Patents: A Response to the UN's Guidelines for Pharmaceutical Patent Examination Professor of Law @ University of Missouri-Kansas City School of Law 5/12/17 http://journals.iupui.edu/index.php/inlawrev/article/view/21522 EE AND 19 Brazil and South Africa are reportedly considering legislation along similar lines. 20 Secondary patents are key to pharmaceutical innovation – they read the impacts for usHolman 18 (Christopher M., Professor of Law @ University of Missouri-Kansas City School of Law) Inside Views: Why Follow-On Pharmaceutical Innovations Should Be Eligible For Patent Protection, 9/21/18, https://www.ip-watch.org/2018/09/21/follow-pharmaceutical-innovations-eligible-patent-protection/ EE bracketed for ableism AND poses a grave risk of greatly diminishing the pipeline of future medicinal breakthroughs. Stopping Evergreening kills patent innovationChristensen 20 ~Connor Christensen, "The Evergreen Forests of Insulin Patents", Awakenwfu, The Creative Journal of Contemporary Bioethics, 9-14-2020, https://awakenwfu.com/2020/09/14/the-evergreen-forests-of-insulin-patents/, accessed: 9-7-2021.~ CHSTM and Lex VM AND depriving people of life. | 9/26/21 |
SEPTOCT - CP - PIFTournament: Loyola | Round: 6 | Opponent: Honor VD | Judge: Zac Clough Counterplan text: ~Countries~ should establish a government-financed Pharmaceutical Innovation Fund, which will financially reward companies for therapeutic drugs, cost-reducing innovations, and reward those who prove patents to be invalid.That incentivizes better therapeutic drugs and boosts innovationHollis 04 AND of the total points allocated under (1) and (2). 21 Drug prices will drop significantlyHollis 04 AND , and gains in terms of saved lives would likely be very large. Perm fails – complete replacement of the patent system is fiscally impossible and drives down innovationStevens and Ezell 20 AND focus their efforts elsewhere on countries that retained robust standards of IP protection. | 9/18/21 |
SEPTOCT - CP - WTOTournament: Greenhill | Round: 2 | Opponent: Northland Christian LB | Judge: Varad Agarwala CPThe TRIPs Council should vote to reduce intellectual property protections for ~PLAN~, amending TRIPs to mandate the ~PLAN~The United States should:—Publicly rescind support for the WTO waiver— Veto this motion and refuse to complyThe remaining member nations should initiate proceedings against the United States through the World Trade Organization Dispute Settlement Body which ought to find against the United States. The United States ought to comply with this ruling.Counterplan competes —-1~ The plan has the "member nations" act individually, while the counterplan is the WTO through the Council and eventually the DSB.Collins Dictionary n.d. "member nations" RJP, DebateDrills https://www.collinsdictionary.com/us/dictionary/english/member-nations AND nation is an individual country considered together with its social and political structures. 2~ ImmediacyOught and should are used interchangeably.Anastasia Koltai 18. CEO of MyEnglishTeacher, "Difference Between Ought to and Should," MyEnglishTeacher, September 25, 2018, https://www.myenglishteacher.eu/blog/difference-between-ought-to-and-should/, RJP, DebateDrills. "Should" is immediateSummers 94 (Justice – Oklahoma Supreme Court, "Kelsey v. Dollarsaver Food Warehouse of Durant", 1994 OK 123, 11-8, http://www.oscn.net/applications/oscn/DeliverDocument.asp?CiteID=20287~~#marker3fn13) AND . 336, 337, 27 L.Ed. 201 (1882). The plan would require US companies to disclose information and waive IP protections—-the counterplan has the US resist to avoid political backlash, but that violates WTO disclosure requirements.Jorge Contreras 21. Presidential Scholar and Professor of Law at the University of Utah with an adjunct appointment in the Department of Human Genetics, JD @ Harvard, "US Support for a WTO Waiver of COVID-19 Intellectual Property – What Does it Mean?" Bill of Health Harvard Law, May 7, 2021, https://blog.petrieflom.law.harvard.edu/2021/05/07/wto-waiver-intellectual-property-covid/**, RJP, DebateDrills AND of trade secrets, where it would be met with significant internal opposition. DSB is underutilized currently but using it for major dispute settlement shores it up—-that’s key to combat Chinese IP violations.James Bacchus 18. Member of the Herbert A. Stiefel Center for Trade Policy Studies, the Distinguished University Professor of Global Affairs and director of the Center for Global Economic and Environmental Opportunity at the University of Central Florida. He was a founding judge and was twice the chairman—the chief judge—of the highest court of world trade, the Appellate Body of the World Trade Organization in Geneva, Switzerland. "How the World Trade Organization Can Curb China’s Intellectual Property Transgressions," CATO, March 22, 2018, https://www.cato.org/blog/how-world-trade-organization-can-curb-chinas-intellectual-property-transgressions, RJP, DebateDrills. AND and reduce a significant obstacle to mutually beneficial US-China relations. Stopping tech stealing is key to avoid warTimothy R. Heath 18. RAND Senior Defense and International Analyst, "Avoiding "Avoiding U.S.-China Competition Is Futile: Why the Best Option Is to Manage Strategic Rivalry"; Asia Policy; Vol 13 No 2; April 2018, RJP, DebateDrills AND is for the people of Asia to uphold the security of Asia."38 | 9/18/21 |
SEPTOCT - CP - mRNATournament: Greenhill | Round: 2 | Opponent: Northland Christian LB | Judge: Varad Agarwala CP Text: The member nations of the WTO should grant a TRIPS waiver for all COVID vaccines except those that use mRNA technology and declare support for a direct support model for future pandemicsThe WHO guarantees the plan mostly increases mRNA vaccine productionWHO 4/21—WHO, 4-21-2021, "Establishment of a COVID-19 mRNA vaccine technology transfer hub to scale up global manufacturing," https://www.who.int/news-room/articles-detail/establishment-of-a-covid-19-mrna-vaccine-technology-transfer-hub-to-scale-up-global-manufacturing. (AG DebateDrills) AND such clinical data will contribute to accelerated approval of the vaccines in LMICs. First logistics, mRNA requirements make them far harder to distribute in countries with inadequate infrastructureMahase 20— Mahase, Elisabeth. "Covid-19: What do we know about the late stage vaccine candidates?." British Medical Journal. (2020). (AG DebateDrills) AND , Moderna’s candidate is much more expensive at approximately £25 per dose. Second, 2 doses means vaccination campaigns take longerThird, developing countries already have production capacity for traditional vaccines, mRNA development takes too longIacobucci 21— Iacobucci, Gareth. "Covid-19: How will a waiver on vaccine patents affect global supply?," BMJ : British Medical Journal (Online); London Vol. 373, (May 10, 2021). DOI:10.1136/bmj.n1182. (AG DebateDrills) AND or contribute with the fill-and-finish stage of the process." | 9/18/21 |
SEPTOCT - DA - InnovationTournament: Loyola | Round: 1 | Opponent: Prospect ST | Judge: Joey Georges Current WTO legislation on IP rights promotes innovationEzell et al 4/29 Jaci McDole, Stephen Ezell ~Stephen Ezell is vice president, global innovation policy, at the Information Technology and Innovation Foundation (ITIF). He focuses on science and technology policy, international competitiveness, trade, manufacturing, and services issues.~ 4/29/21, "Ten Ways IP Has Enabled Innovations That Have Helped Sustain the World Through the Pandemic" Information Technology and Innovation Foundation, https://itif.org/publications/2021/04/29/ten-ways-ip-has-enabled-innovations-have-helped-sustain-world-through DD AG AND top two filing growths of 73 percent and 26 percent, respectively.30 Reductions in protections kill medical innovation, economic growth, and knowledge building for the futureMcDole and Ezell 04/29 – Jaci McDole is a senior policy analyst covering intellectual property (IP) and innovation policy at ITIF. She focuses on IP and its correlations to global innovation and trade. Her work includes ITIF’s Innovate4Health Initiatives (2017–2019) and A Covid-19 TRIPS Waiver Makes No More Sense for Copyrights Than It Does for Patents (2021). McDole comes to ITIF from the Institute for Intellectual Property Research, an organization she cofounded to study and further robust global IP policies. Stephen J. Ezell is ITIF vice president for Global Innovation Policy. He focuses on science, technology, and innovation policy as well as international competitiveness and trade policy issues. He is the coauthor of Innovating in a Service Driven Economy: Insights Application, and Practice (Palgrave McMillan, 2015) and Innovation Economics: The Race for Global Advantage (Yale 2012). The Information Technology and Innovation Foundation (ITIF) is an independent, nonprofit, nonpartisan research and educational institute focusing on the intersection of technological innovation and public policy. Recognized by its peers in the think tank community as the global center of excellence for science and technology policy, ITIF’s mission is to formulate and promote policy solutions that accelerate innovation and boost productivity to spur growth, opportunity, and progress; April 29, 2021; "Ten Ways IP Has Enabled Innovations That Have Helped Sustain the World Through the Pandemic"; https://itif.org/publications/2021/04/29/ten-ways-ip-has-enabled-innovations-have-helped-sustain-world-through advay AND generations of biomedical innovation and thus perpetuate the enterprises into the future.13 Future pandemics are more likely and more deadly which makes innovation key to stop extinctionCeballos 5/27 Gerardo Ceballos ~PhD, Dr Gerardo Ceballos is an ecologist and conservationist at the Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico. He is particularly recognized for his influential work on global patterns of distribution of diversity, endemism, and extinction risk in vertebrates. He is also well-known for his contribution to understanding the magnitude and impacts of the sixth mass extinction.~, 5/27/21, "THE SIXTH MASS EXTINCTION AND THE FUTURE OF HUMANITY", Population Matters, https://populationmatters.org/news/2021/05/sixth-mass-extinction-and-future-humanity DD AG AND and civilization. What it is at stake is the future of mankind. | 9/4/21 |
SEPTOCT - DA - MidtermsTournament: Greenhill | Round: 2 | Opponent: Northland Christian LB | Judge: Varad Agarwala Dems win the Senate now, but it’s close—-it determines the Biden presidency.Shane Goldmacher 7/17. Reporter, New York Times, "Democrats See Edge in Early Senate Map as Trump Casts Big Shadow," The New York Times, July 17, 2021, https://www.nytimes.com/2021/07/17/us/politics/midterm-elections.html, RJP, DebateDrills. AND through President Biden’s expansive agenda on the economy, the pandemic and infrastructure. The plan is unpopular—-it’s seen as soft on China.Cynthia Hicks 21. Director of Public Affairs at PhRMA focusing on polling and opinion research that supports advocacy communications and strategy. "New polling shows Americans are sounding the alarm on the TRIPS IP waiver," PhRMA, May 14, 2021, https://catalyst.phrma.org/new-polling-shows-americans-are-sounding-the-alarm-on-the-trips-ip-waiver, RJP, DebateDrills AND – expressed by more than six in ten voters – include the following: China is the key for the midterms—-Senate control hinges on it.Sarah Mucha 21. Politics reporter at Axios, covering the Biden administration and Congress. "Parties pounce on China as midterm issue," Axios, June 23, 2021, https://www.axios.com/democrat-republicans-china-2022-midterms-6c242c54-b51b-444e-b9b2-65ff0afb906a.html, RJP, DebateDrills AND by (President) Xi (Jinping) and the Chinese Communist Party. GOP control of the Senate will be used to usher in a new wave of Trumpism, crushing democracy.Morton Kondracke 21. Retired executive editor of Roll Call, a former "McLaughlin Group" and Fox News commentator and co-author, with Fred Barnes, of Jack Kemp: The Bleeding Heart Conservative Who Changed America. "Why Democrats Must Retain Control of Congress in 2022," RealClearPolitics, August 4, 2021, https://www.realclearpolitics.com/articles/2021/08/04/why'democrats'must'retain'control'of'congress'in'2022'146189.html, RJP, DebateDrills AND for election results and the rule of law would again be in peril. ExtinctionKasparov 17 AND having the exceptional courage to always try to be better. Thank you. | 9/18/21 |
SEPTOCT - K - CapTournament: Greenhill | Round: 6 | Opponent: Carnegie Vanguard SR | Judge: Truman Le Our thesis is that the collapse of capitalism is inevitable, it is a question of now or later: you should frame your decision through an anti-capitalist lens by centering the valorization of productivity that aff’s logic is founded upon.Kuang 20 ~Da Kuang and Changyi Huang are professors at the Huazhong University of Science and Technology, College of Marxism in Wuhan 430074, China. A Study of Marx’s Thought on the Speed of Capital Accumulation, Presented at the 2020 International Conference on Social Science, Economics and Education Research (SSEER 2020), Atlantic Press: Advances in Social Science, Education and Humanities Research Volume 455, 8-22-21, amrita~ AND accumulation. The ultimate fate of capitalism is to be replaced by socialism. The affirmative resets the cycle and rejuvenates short-term capitalist accumulation in two ways.First, is false liberalism. The plan is representative of the idea that capitalism can be saved- eliminating "intellectual property protections" is a scheme that aims to boost falling rates of profit and improve capital accumulation.Gilbert 19 ~Geoff Gilbert is a Professor of Law in the School of Law and Human Rights Centre at the University of Essex. He was Head of Department between 2000-2003 and 2011-13. In 2012, he was appointed a Professorial Visiting Fellow at the University of New South Wales in Sydney. He was Editor-in-Chief of the International Journal of Refugee Law from 2002-15 and is co-Editor-in-Chief as of September 2019; he also sits on the Advisory Board., "Free trade" is today’s imperialism by the 1 percent, 1-13-2019,No Publication,https://www.bilaterals.org/?free-trade-is-today-s-imperialism, 8-21-2021 amrita~ AND control a disproportionate amount of the most profitable industries in the global economy. Second is WTO legitimacy. The plan is a colonialist revision that re-packages the WTO as a legitimate organization that can overcome its insidious past towards a future of equal free trade—that decks class consciousness.Gilbert 19 ~Geoff Gilbert is a Professor of Law in the School of Law and Human Rights Centre at the University of Essex. He was Head of Department between 2000-2003 and 2011-13. In 2012, he was appointed a Professorial Visiting Fellow at the University of New South Wales in Sydney. He was Editor-in-Chief of the International Journal of Refugee Law from 2002-15 and is co-Editor-in-Chief as of September 2019; he also sits on the Advisory Board., "Free trade" is today’s imperialism by the 1 percent, 1-13-2019,No Publication,https://www.bilaterals.org/?free-trade-is-today-s-imperialism, 8-21-2021 amrita~ AND profits from today’s advanced industries which they can invest in research and development. But capitalism can’t be saved. The short-term rejuvenation simply pushes back the long-term inevitable collapse which dooms us to death by climate change—this card preempts all their "cap solves climate change" answers.Foster 18 ~John Bellamy Foster, John Bellamy Foster is a professor of sociology at the University of Oregon and also editor of Monthly Review. He writes about political economy of capitalism and economic crisis, ecology and ecological crisis, and Marxist theory. "Making War on the Planet." Monthly Review. September 1, 2018. https://monthlyreview.org/2018/09/01/making-war-on-the-planet/ recut 8-22-2021 amrita~ AND beings as both natural and social beings: what is now called ecosocialism. Endorse a dictatorship of the proletariat. Global capitalism’s inequities can only be fully purged once its intrinsic contradictions expose themselves. A dictatorship is required to solidify our transition to communism and is why you should reject any perm that attempts to preserve the state apparatus.Revolution 73 Proletarian Dictatorship Vs. Bourgeois "Democracy"; Encyclopedia of Anti-Revisionism On-Line; Revolution; May 1973; Edited by Paul Saba; https://www.marxists.org/history/erol/ncm-1/pd-v-bd.htm; CE recut amrita AND the transition to the abolition of classes and to a classless society. " | 9/19/21 |
SEPTOCT - T - FwkTournament: Loyola | Round: 4 | Opponent: ModernBrain AK | Judge: Michael Kurian 1Interpretation: The affirmative should defend the hypothetical implementation of the resolutionViolation – they don’t have a plan text. lack of a plan text means that there’s no stable locust of competition so they should be stuck to having no plan text Resolved means a legislative policyWords and Phrases 64 Words and Phrases Permanent Edition. "Resolved". 1964. ED AND ," which is defined by Bouvier as meaning "to establish by law". WTO member nations are the following countries:WTO no date – see the list in the doc https://www.wto.org/english/thewto'e/whatis'e/tif'e/org6'e.htm~~#collapseI AND Uruguay Vanuatu Venezuela, Bolivarian Republic of Viet Nam Yemen Zambia Zimbabwe reduce means to diminishIdaho State Court of Appeals 03 AND a "reduction" under Colorado Cr. R. 35(b)). Standards:1~ Competitive equity – 2 warrants:A~ Limits: their model has no resolutional bound and creates the possibility for literally an infinite number of 1ACs. Not debating the topic allows someone to specialize in one area of the library for 4 years giving them a huge edge over people who switch research focus ever 2 months.B~ Fairness is an impact – ~1~ it’s an intrinsic good – some level of competitive equity is necessary to sustain the ~2~ probability – your ballot can’t solve their impacts but it can solve mine – debate can’t alter subjectivity, but can rectify ~3~ comes before substance – deciding any other argument in this debate cannot be disentangled from our inability to prepare for it – any argument you think they’re winning is a link, not a reason to vote for them,2~ Switch-side debate –A~ the reason debate is a unique process is because it demands rigorous testing of advocacy skills through not getting to pick and choose what to defend. solves their offense.Poscher 16 Ralf Poscher, Diat the Institute for Staatswissenschaft and Philosophy of Law at the University of Freiburg "Why We Argue About the Law: An Agonistic Account of Legal Disagreement", Metaphilosophy of Law, Tomasz Gizbert-Studnicki/Adam Dyrda/Pawel Banas (eds.), Hart Publishing. 2016. AND concept of justice to art such as to engage in an intelligible controversy. B~ topical version of the aff solves – they can still have all their advantages under TVA – their Chidi card and everything about IP bad is literally a TVA for them to use that they actively chose not to use.C~ Vote negative – A~ this procedurally evaluates whether their model is good, which is a prior question B~ they can’t get offense: we don’t exclude them, only persuade you that our methodology is best. Every debate requires a winner and loser, so voting negative doesn’t reject them from debate, it just says they should make a better argument next time.3~ Skills – multiple warrantsA~ Argument Refinement and research – forcing them to defend the resolution makes them have to cut new positions every two months and forces them to explore the depths of the literature as opposed to just recycling the same set of non T affs over and over that lead repetitive and stale debates – they reject argument innovation and force every non t debate into either k vs t or k v k.2Current WTO legislation on IP rights promotes innovationEzell et al 4/29 Jaci McDole, Stephen Ezell ~Stephen Ezell is vice president, global innovation policy, at the Information Technology and Innovation Foundation (ITIF). He focuses on science and technology policy, international competitiveness, trade, manufacturing, and services issues.~ 4/29/21, "Ten Ways IP Has Enabled Innovations That Have Helped Sustain the World Through the Pandemic" Information Technology and Innovation Foundation, https://itif.org/publications/2021/04/29/ten-ways-ip-has-enabled-innovations-have-helped-sustain-world-through DD AG AND top two filing growths of 73 percent and 26 percent, respectively.30 Reductions in protections kill medical innovation, economic growth, and knowledge building for the futureMcDole and Ezell 04/29 – Jaci McDole is a senior policy analyst covering intellectual property (IP) and innovation policy at ITIF. She focuses on IP and its correlations to global innovation and trade. Her work includes ITIF’s Innovate4Health Initiatives (2017–2019) and A Covid-19 TRIPS Waiver Makes No More Sense for Copyrights Than It Does for Patents (2021). McDole comes to ITIF from the Institute for Intellectual Property Research, an organization she cofounded to study and further robust global IP policies. Stephen J. Ezell is ITIF vice president for Global Innovation Policy. He focuses on science, technology, and innovation policy as well as international competitiveness and trade policy issues. He is the coauthor of Innovating in a Service Driven Economy: Insights Application, and Practice (Palgrave McMillan, 2015) and Innovation Economics: The Race for Global Advantage (Yale 2012). The Information Technology and Innovation Foundation (ITIF) is an independent, nonprofit, nonpartisan research and educational institute focusing on the intersection of technological innovation and public policy. Recognized by its peers in the think tank community as the global center of excellence for science and technology policy, ITIF’s mission is to formulate and promote policy solutions that accelerate innovation and boost productivity to spur growth, opportunity, and progress; April 29, 2021; "Ten Ways IP Has Enabled Innovations That Have Helped Sustain the World Through the Pandemic"; https://itif.org/publications/2021/04/29/ten-ways-ip-has-enabled-innovations-have-helped-sustain-world-through advay AND generations of biomedical innovation and thus perpetuate the enterprises into the future.13 Future pandemics are more likely and more deadly which makes innovation key to stop extinctionCeballos 5/27 Gerardo Ceballos ~PhD, Dr Gerardo Ceballos is an ecologist and conservationist at the Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico. He is particularly recognized for his influential work on global patterns of distribution of diversity, endemism, and extinction risk in vertebrates. He is also well-known for his contribution to understanding the magnitude and impacts of the sixth mass extinction.~, 5/27/21, "THE SIXTH MASS EXTINCTION AND THE FUTURE OF HUMANITY", Population Matters, https://populationmatters.org/news/2021/05/sixth-mass-extinction-and-future-humanity DD AG AND and civilization. What it is at stake is the future of mankind. | 9/5/21 |
SEPTOCT - T - FxTournament: Loyola | Round: 6 | Opponent: Honor VD | Judge: Zac Clough Interp- The 1AC must advocate for the immediate reduction intellectual property protectionsViolation:"I affirm rhetorical decolonization to reduce intellectual property protections for medicines in the member nations of the World Trade Organization."Proves the aff requires rhetorical decol before the plan can happen – at best, they’re effects-t and at worst it’s a solvency deficit to case.Standards:1~ Limits—They can push the actual elimination of LAWs into the future indefinitely and allows for thousands of new affs that gradually change when the ban happens and kill neg ground since we can’t access things like delay CPs which kills education.2~ Inherency—Neg DAs are based on squo defense. Affs that codify the squo have zero ground as there can be no UQ for the claims.Fairness is an impact – ~1~ it’s an intrinsic good – some level of competitive equity is necessary to sustain the ~2~ probability – your ballot can’t solve their impacts but it can solve mine – debate can’t alter subjectivity, but can rectify abuse in round ~3~ comes before substance – deciding any other argument in this debate cannot be disentangled from our inability to prepare for it – any argument you think they’re winning is a link, not a reason to vote for them, | 9/18/21 |
SEPTOCT - T - Medicine SpecTournament: Greenhill | Round: 2 | Opponent: Northland Christian LB | Judge: Varad Agarwala Interpretation – the Aff may not specify a specific medicineMedicines is a generic bare pluralLeslie and Lerner 16 ~Sarah-Jane Leslie (Ph.D., Princeton, 2007) is the dean of the Graduate School and Class of 1943 Professor of Philosophy. She has previously served as the vice dean for faculty development in the Office of the Dean of the Faculty, director of the Program in Linguistics, and founding director of the Program in Cognitive Science at Princeton University. She is also affiliated faculty in the Department of Psychology, the University Center for Human Values, the Program in Gender and Sexuality Studies, and the Kahneman-Treisman Center for Behavioral Science and Public Policy~, and Adam Lerner, Ph.D, Postgraduate Research Associate in the Department of Philosophy at Princeton University, 4-24-2016, accessed 9-4-2021, "Generic Generalizations (Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy)," https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/generics/~~ HWIC AND perhaps better used than "usually" to mark off the generic reading.) It applies to this topic – "Member nations ought to reduce IP for covid – therefore, member nations ought to reduce IP for all" is illogical1~ Limits: There’s inf medicines they could specify, coupled with various types of countries2~ TVA Solves – just read your aff as an advantage to a whole rez aff. | 9/18/21 |
SEPTOCT - T - VaccineTournament: Greenhill | Round: 2 | Opponent: Northland Christian LB | Judge: Varad Agarwala AND you bulletproof, they dramatically increase the odds of surviving an adverse event. Violation – they specify COVID vaccines. Their card in the aff isn’t responsive bc that refers to medicine as a practice, not medicines like pharmaceutical drugsNegate –1~ Limits – expanding the topic to preventative treatment or medical interventions allows anything from surgery to medical devices to education strategies or mosquito repellent to prevent malariaVoters:Topicality is a voting issue that should be evaluated through competing interpretations – it tells the negative what they do and do not have to prepare for—reasonability is arbitrary and causes a race to the bottomNo RVIs—it’s your burden to be topical.Evaluate T before 1AR theory we only have a couple months to set T norms | 9/18/21 |
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