Saratoga Garg Aff
| Tournament | Round | Opponent | Judge | Cites | Round Report | Open Source | Edit/Delete |
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| All | Finals | Probably You | Probably Not You |
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| Apple Valley | 1 | Cooper City NR | Gordon Krauss |
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| Apple Valley | 3 | Harrison TB | Derek Ying |
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| Greenhill | 1 | Harker RM | Andrew Gong |
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| Greenhill | 3 | Holy Cross ND | Chetan Hertzig |
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| Greenhill | 5 | Loyola AP | Elijah Smith |
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| Greenhill | Doubles | Harrison AA | Jharick Shields, Erick Berdugo, Truman Le |
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| Loyola | 2 | Sequoia AS | Ben Cortez |
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| Loyola | 3 | Strake EP | Abhinav Sinha |
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| Loyola | 5 | Immaculate Heart JL | Ronak Ahuja |
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| Nano Nagle | 1 | Harker AAn | Christopher Perez |
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| Nano Nagle | 3 | Harker AS | Samantha McLoughlin |
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| Nano Nagle | 5 | Harker RM | Vishnu Vennelekanti |
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| Nano Nagle RR | 3 | Marlborough WR | Quentin Clark |
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| Valley | 1 | OES GK | Joseph Barquin |
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| Valley | 4 | Strath Haven AK | Eric He |
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| Valley | 5 | Cardinal Gibbons RS | Akshay Manglik |
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| Valley | Doubles | Northern Valley JS | Phoenix Pittman, Mark Kivimaki, Ian Matuszeski |
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| Valley RR | 3 | Cardinal Gibbons RS | Gordon Krauss, Brixz Gonzaba |
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| Valley RR | 5 | Mission San Jose SR | Eric He, Rishi Mukherjee |
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| Tournament | Round | Report |
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| Apple Valley | 1 | Opponent: Cooper City NR | Judge: Gordon Krauss ac - agriculture |
| Apple Valley | 3 | Opponent: Harrison TB | Judge: Derek Ying ac - agriculture |
| Greenhill | 1 | Opponent: Harker RM | Judge: Andrew Gong ac - covid |
| Greenhill | 3 | Opponent: Holy Cross ND | Judge: Chetan Hertzig ac - covid |
| Greenhill | 5 | Opponent: Loyola AP | Judge: Elijah Smith ac - covid |
| Greenhill | Doubles | Opponent: Harrison AA | Judge: Jharick Shields, Erick Berdugo, Truman Le ac - insulin |
| Loyola | 2 | Opponent: Sequoia AS | Judge: Ben Cortez AC - covid |
| Loyola | 3 | Opponent: Strake EP | Judge: Abhinav Sinha AC - Disease |
| Loyola | 5 | Opponent: Immaculate Heart JL | Judge: Ronak Ahuja AC - covid |
| Nano Nagle | 1 | Opponent: Harker AAn | Judge: Christopher Perez ac - insulin |
| Nano Nagle | 3 | Opponent: Harker AS | Judge: Samantha McLoughlin ac - insulin |
| Nano Nagle | 5 | Opponent: Harker RM | Judge: Vishnu Vennelekanti ac - insulin |
| Nano Nagle RR | 3 | Opponent: Marlborough WR | Judge: Quentin Clark ac - cancer |
| Valley | 1 | Opponent: OES GK | Judge: Joseph Barquin ac - insulin |
| Valley | 4 | Opponent: Strath Haven AK | Judge: Eric He ac - insulin |
| Valley | 5 | Opponent: Cardinal Gibbons RS | Judge: Akshay Manglik ac - insulin |
| Valley | Doubles | Opponent: Northern Valley JS | Judge: Phoenix Pittman, Mark Kivimaki, Ian Matuszeski ac - covid |
| Valley RR | 3 | Opponent: Cardinal Gibbons RS | Judge: Gordon Krauss, Brixz Gonzaba ac - covid |
| Valley RR | 5 | Opponent: Mission San Jose SR | Judge: Eric He, Rishi Mukherjee ac - insulin |
To modify or delete round reports, edit the associated round.
Cites
| Entry | Date |
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0 - Contact InfoTournament: All | Round: Finals | Opponent: Probably You | Judge: Probably Not You Facebook: Arnav Garg (i dont check message reqs so friend req me first pls) Apple Valley update - my cites are broken and wont upload - just hmu if you need them Note - if there's any accomodations you would like, please just lmk before round - i'll always do my best to accomodate you and make it a comfortable round | 11/5/21 |
0 - DebateDrillsTournament: All | Round: Finals | Opponent: Probably You | Judge: Probably Not You | 11/5/21 |
0 - NavigationTournament: All | Round: Finals | Opponent: Probably You | Judge: Probably Not You | 11/5/21 |
SEPTOCT - AC - COVID v1Tournament: Loyola | Round: 2 | Opponent: Sequoia AS | Judge: Ben Cortez 1acAdv 1We got lucky with COVID – future pandemics will be much worse and existing provisions in TRIPs are not used —- the status quo can’t solve.Nancy S. Jecker and Caesar A. Atuire 21. *Department of Bioethics and Humanities, University of Washington School of Medicine, Department of Philosophy, University of Johannesburg, Auckland Park, Gauteng, South Africa, "What’s yours is ours: waiving intellectual property protections for COVID-19 vaccines," Journal of Medical Ethics, July 6, 2021, https://jme.bmj.com/content/medethics/early/2021/07/06/medethics-2021-107555.full.pdf., RJP, DebateDrills. AND analysis, a temporary waiver of IP protections is the world’s best bet. Developing countries need assistance – it’s time for the U.S. to step up to the plate and do its jobStone 21 – Judy Stone is an Infectious Disease specialist; "Covid Vaccine Equity - Developing Countries Need Our Help"; Forbes, May 11, 2021; https://www.forbes.com/sites/judystone/2021/05/11/vaccine-equitydeveloping-countries-need-our-help/?sh=10939a363ec8 advay AND who are donating supplies while the US has been sitting on the sidelines. It’s not too late—-COVID will continue across the developing worlds for years to come. Plus, the plan helps for black swan future pandemics.Brink Lindsey 21. Vice President, Niskanen Center; Writes for Brookings, "Why Intellectual Property and Pandemics Don’t Mix," Brookings, June 3, 2021, https://www.brookings.edu/blog/up-front/2021/06/03/why-intellectual-property-and-pandemics-dont-mix/, RJP, DebateDrills. AND crisis should be viewed from the perspective of getting ready for next time. A temporary waiver is sufficient—-it creates momentum for America to repeat against harsher future pandemics which spills overNancy S. Jecker and Caesar A. Atuire 21. *Department of Bioethics and Humanities, University of Washington School of Medicine, Department of Philosophy, University of Johannesburg, Auckland Park, Gauteng, South Africa, "What’s yours is ours: waiving intellectual property protections for COVID-19 vaccines," Journal of Medical Ethics, July 6, 2021, https://jme.bmj.com/content/medethics/early/2021/07/06/medethics-2021-107555.full.pdf., RJP, DebateDrills. AND contribute to the fill-and-finish stage of vaccine production.28 Future pandemics at 10x more deadly – absent a solution we’re all going to dieCeballos 5/27 Gerardo Ceballos ~PhD, Dr Gerardo Ceballos is an ecologist and conservationist at the Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico. He is particularly recognized for his influential work on global patterns of distribution of diversity, endemism, and extinction risk in vertebrates. He is also well-known for his contribution to understanding the magnitude and impacts of the sixth mass extinction.~, 5/27/21, "THE SIXTH MASS EXTINCTION AND THE FUTURE OF HUMANITY", Population Matters, https://populationmatters.org/news/2021/05/sixth-mass-extinction-and-future-humanity DD AG AND and civilization. What it is at stake is the future of mankind. Adv 2The new head of the WTO is on track to push for reform and an increased role in the international arena, but is hindered now due to lack of vaccine agreement by nations that will never agreeBaschuk 4-27 – Bryce Baschuk is a Bloomberg Reporter; "WTO Chief Pursues a ‘Hectic’ Agenda to Fix World Trade’s Referee"; Bloomberg, April 27, 2021; https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2021-04-27/wto-chief-pursues-a-hectic-agenda-to-fix-world-trade-s-referee advay AND have some capacity to begin producing vaccines for people living in developing economies. A U.S. patent waiver through WTO mechanism is necessary to revitalize WTO’s credibility, create momentum for further reform, and solve stalemates in current talksMeyer 6-18-21 – David Meyer is the Editor of CEO Daily and a senior writer on Fortune’s European team. Author of the digital rights primer, Control Shift: How Technology Affects You and Your Rights; "The WTO’s survival hinges on the COVID-19 vaccine patent debate, waiver advocates warn"; Fortune, June 18, 2021. https://fortune.com/2021/06/18/wto-covid-vaccines-patents-waiver-south-africa-trips/ advay AND impact not in starting discussions but in getting deals over the finish line." Post Covid WTO legitimacy and credibility are necessary to prevent a downward spiral of protectionism – U.S. action ensures best implementationSolís 20 – Mireya Solís is director of the Center for East Asia Policy Studies, Philip Knight Chair in Japan Studies, and a senior fellow in the Foreign Policy program at Brookings; "The post COVID-19 world: Economic nationalism triumphant?"; July 10, 2020; https://www.brookings.edu/blog/order-from-chaos/2020/07/10/the-post-covid-19-world-economic-nationalism-triumphant/ advay AND in the current crisis, Japan has much to contribute to these efforts. Trade solves great power competition – mere perceptual regionalism causes militarized crisesLake 18 – David Lake is a Professor of Social Sciences and Distinguished Professor of Political Science at the University of California, San Diego; "Economic Openness and Great Power Competition: Lessons for China and the United States"; April 30, 2018; https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract'id=3171196/ advay AND politics and grand strategy,14 and systemic theories of international relations.15 Independently, WTO cred solves nuclear war – allows an off-track for nuclear weaponsHamann 09 – Georgia Hamann is a J.D. Candidate, Vanderbilt University Law School, "Replacing Slingshots with Swords: Implications of the Antigua-Gambling 22.6 Panel Report for Developing Countries and the World Trading System"; 2009; advay AND keenly aware of the responsibility they have to uphold the organization's credibility. 108 Extinction – nuclear winter, crude oil amplifies, smoke covers the worldSnydera and Ruyle 17 (Brian F.Snydera and Leslie E. Ruyle, 12-15-2017, ~Brian F. Snyder. Department of Environmental Science, Louisiana State University, United States. Leslie E. Ruyle. Center on Conflict and Development, Texas AandM University, United States~"The abolition of war as a goal of environmental policy," No Publication, https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0048969717316431?via3Dihub)//SLC PK AND in Asia are typically around 0.3 to 1 mg/m3 . SolvencyThe patent system for pandemic-related drugs is currently out of balance—-there’s spurious over-patenting under the guise of innovation, which paradoxically hurts innovation by juicing profits. A temporary waiver in the U.S. for pandemics rebalance the system.Brink Lindsey 21. Vice President, Niskanen Center; Writes for Brookings, "Why Intellectual Property and Pandemics Don’t Mix," Brookings, June 3, 2021, https://www.brookings.edu/blog/up-front/2021/06/03/why-intellectual-property-and-pandemics-dont-mix/, RJP, DebateDrills. AND RandD, prizes for targeted inventions, and direct government support. The plan seamlessly shifts to a direct support model during pandemics, which allows pharma companies to profit and innovate while speeding up the process—-that solves but avoids the innovation DA.Brink Lindsey 21. Vice President, Niskanen Center; Writes for Brookings, "Why Intellectual Property and Pandemics Don’t Mix," Brookings, June 3, 2021, https://www.brookings.edu/blog/up-front/2021/06/03/why-intellectual-property-and-pandemics-dont-mix/, RJP, DebateDrills. AND , predetermined quantities at prices set high enough to guarantee a healthy return. Thus the plan: The United States of America ought to reduce intellectual property protections for the COVID-19 vaccine. The plan’s implemented through a TRIPS waiver for the U.S.— that’s Moderna, Pfizer-BioNTech, Johnson and Johnson/Janssen The plan bolsters the number of vaccines—-arguments about supply and logistics are empirically disproven.Nancy S. Jecker and Caesar A. Atuire 21. *Department of Bioethics and Humanities, University of Washington School of Medicine, Department of Philosophy, University of Johannesburg, Auckland Park, Gauteng, South Africa, "What’s yours is ours: waiving intellectual property protections for COVID-19 vaccines," Journal of Medical Ethics, July 6, 2021, https://jme.bmj.com/content/medethics/early/2021/07/06/medethics-2021-107555.full.pdf., RJP, DebateDrills. AND will be African—continue to import 99 of its vaccine?’18 FWThe standard is maximizing expected wellbeing.Prefer it:1~ Actor specificity:A~ Aggregation – every policy benefits some and harms others, which also means side constraints freeze action.B~ No act-omission distinction – choosing to omit is an act itself – governments decide not to act which means being presented with the aff creates a choice between two actions, neither of which is an omissionC~ No intent-foresight distinction – If we foresee a consequence, then it becomes part of our deliberation which makes it intrinsic to our action since we intend it to happeno/w 2~ Lexical pre-requisite: threats to bodily security preclude the ability for moral actors to effectively act upon other moral theories since they are in a constant state of crisis that inhibits the ideal moral conditions which other theories presuppose3~ Extinction comes first!Pummer 15 ~Theron, Junior Research Fellow in Philosophy at St. Anne's College, University of Oxford. "Moral Agreement on Saving the World" Practical Ethics, University of Oxford. May 18, 2015~ AT AND be acting very wrongly." (From chapter 36 of On What Matters) 4~ Only consequentialism explains degrees of wrongness—if I break a promise to meet up for lunch, that is not as bad as breaking a promise to take a dying person to the hospital. | 9/4/21 |
SEPTOCT - AC - COVID v2Tournament: Greenhill | Round: 1 | Opponent: Harker RM | Judge: Andrew Gong 1acDiseaseWe got lucky with COVID – future pandemics will be much worse and existing provisions in TRIPs are not used —- the status quo can’t solve.Nancy S. Jecker and Caesar A. Atuire 21. *Department of Bioethics and Humanities, University of Washington School of Medicine, Department of Philosophy, University of Johannesburg, Auckland Park, Gauteng, South Africa, "What’s yours is ours: waiving intellectual property protections for COVID-19 vaccines," Journal of Medical Ethics, July 6, 2021, https://jme.bmj.com/content/medethics/early/2021/07/06/medethics-2021-107555.full.pdf., RJP, DebateDrills. AND analysis, a temporary waiver of IP protections is the world’s best bet. Developing countries need assistance – it’s time for the U.S. to step up to the plate and do its jobStone 21 – Judy Stone is an Infectious Disease specialist; "Covid Vaccine Equity - Developing Countries Need Our Help"; Forbes, May 11, 2021; https://www.forbes.com/sites/judystone/2021/05/11/vaccine-equitydeveloping-countries-need-our-help/?sh=10939a363ec8 advay AND who are donating supplies while the US has been sitting on the sidelines. It’s not too late—-COVID will continue across the developing worlds for years to come. Plus, the plan helps for black swan future pandemics.Brink Lindsey 21. Vice President, Niskanen Center; Writes for Brookings, "Why Intellectual Property and Pandemics Don’t Mix," Brookings, June 3, 2021, https://www.brookings.edu/blog/up-front/2021/06/03/why-intellectual-property-and-pandemics-dont-mix/, RJP, DebateDrills. AND crisis should be viewed from the perspective of getting ready for next time. A temporary waiver is sufficient—-it creates momentum for America to repeat against harsher future pandemics which spills overNancy S. Jecker and Caesar A. Atuire 21. *Department of Bioethics and Humanities, University of Washington School of Medicine, Department of Philosophy, University of Johannesburg, Auckland Park, Gauteng, South Africa, "What’s yours is ours: waiving intellectual property protections for COVID-19 vaccines," Journal of Medical Ethics, July 6, 2021, https://jme.bmj.com/content/medethics/early/2021/07/06/medethics-2021-107555.full.pdf., RJP, DebateDrills. AND contribute to the fill-and-finish stage of vaccine production.28 Future pandemics at 10x more deadly – absent a solution we’re all going to dieCeballos 5/27 Gerardo Ceballos ~PhD, Dr Gerardo Ceballos is an ecologist and conservationist at the Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico. He is particularly recognized for his influential work on global patterns of distribution of diversity, endemism, and extinction risk in vertebrates. He is also well-known for his contribution to understanding the magnitude and impacts of the sixth mass extinction.~, 5/27/21, "THE SIXTH MASS EXTINCTION AND THE FUTURE OF HUMANITY", Population Matters, https://populationmatters.org/news/2021/05/sixth-mass-extinction-and-future-humanity DD AG AND and civilization. What it is at stake is the future of mankind. HegThe US retains a plethora of advantages in multiple areas of global leadership in spite of Trump – solution to new challenges is not total abandonment of the US-led global order but refinement and recommitment of our approach to shaping it—Trump sucks but fundamental pillars of grand strategy remain AND accessible, and its language serves as the lingua franca for international transactions. US primacy is hurt by blocking the vaccinePC 5-3 – Public Citizen is a non-profit, progressive consumer rights advocacy group and think tank based in Washington, D.C., United States) "Don’t Buy Pharma’s Latest Distraction: A Temporary WTO IP Waiver for COVID Meds Would Not Hand "U.S. mRNA Technology" to China," May 3, 2021. https://www.citizen.org/article/dont-buy-pharmas-latest-distraction-a-temporary-wto-ip-waiver-for-covid-meds-would-not-hand-u-s-mrna-technology-to-china/ advay AND a waiver these countries consider necessary for their populations to also obtain vaccines. Vaccine diplomacy is key to US spheres of influence – the aff creates incentives for other countries to align with US primacySmith 21, "Russia and China are beating the U.S. at vaccine diplomacy, experts say", NBC News, 4/2, Alexander Smith: He is a senior reporter at NBC News Digital, where he has worked since 2013. He won an Emmy in 2015 as part of the team that covered the downing of Malaysia Airlines flight MH17. In 2017 he won the Society of Professional Journalists' Sigma Delta Chi Award as part of the NBC News Digital team covering the Brussels terror attacks, URL: https://www.nbcnews.com/news/world/russia-china-are-beating-u-s-vaccine-diplomacy-experts-say-n1262742, KR AND Demarais said. The Bolivian presidency didn't respond to a request for comment. U.S. heg is sustainable – neg authors are wrong – it doesn’t cause overstretch or free-riding – put away your impact turnsCarla Norloff 18, Associate Professor in the Department of Political Science at the University of Toronto, PhD in International Relations from the Graduate Institute of International Studies, Hegemony and inequality: Trump and the liberal playbook, January 2018, International Affairs, Volume 94, Issue 1, https://academic.oup.com/ia/article/94/1/63/4762707 AND by President Trump, that America's global engagement is not benefiting all Americans. Absent the plan we risk great power war with China – transition to multipolarity is unstable and collapses deterrenceForsyth 19 ~Jim Forsyth currently serves as dean of Air Command and Staff College, Maxwell AFB, Alabama. He earned his PhD from the University of Denver, Josef Korbel School of International Studies. He has written and published extensively on great power war, intervention, and nuclear issues. "Through the Glass—Darker", Strategic Studies Quarterly , Vol. 13, No. 4 (WINTER 2019), pp. 18-36, JSTOR~recut SLC PK AND could be dragged into a conflict involving one or more of their allies. US-China war goes nuclear.~Caitlin Talmadge (10-15-2018), PhD in Political Science from MIT, BA in Government from Harvard, Professor of Security Studies at Georgetown University, "Beijing’s Nuclear Option," Foreign Affairs, https://www.foreignaffairs.com/articles/china/2018-10-15/beijings-nuclear-option~~//recut SLC PK AND and military tensions that might lead to a conflict in the first place. Extinction – nuclear winter, crude oil amplifies, smoke covers the worldSnydera and Ruyle 17 (Brian F.Snydera and Leslie E. Ruyle, 12-15-2017, ~Brian F. Snyder. Department of Environmental Science, Louisiana State University, United States. Leslie E. Ruyle. Center on Conflict and Development, Texas AandM University, United States~"The abolition of war as a goal of environmental policy," No Publication, https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0048969717316431?via3Dihub)//SLC PK AND in Asia are typically around 0.3 to 1 mg/m3 . SolvencyThe patent system for pandemic-related drugs is currently out of balance—-there’s spurious over-patenting under the guise of innovation, which paradoxically hurts innovation by juicing profits. A temporary waiver in the U.S. for pandemics rebalance the system.Brink Lindsey 21. Vice President, Niskanen Center; Writes for Brookings, "Why Intellectual Property and Pandemics Don’t Mix," Brookings, June 3, 2021, https://www.brookings.edu/blog/up-front/2021/06/03/why-intellectual-property-and-pandemics-dont-mix/, RJP, DebateDrills. AND RandD, prizes for targeted inventions, and direct government support. The plan seamlessly shifts to a direct support model during pandemics, which allows pharma companies to profit and innovate while speeding up the process—-that solves but avoids the innovation DA.Brink Lindsey 21. Vice President, Niskanen Center; Writes for Brookings, "Why Intellectual Property and Pandemics Don’t Mix," Brookings, June 3, 2021, https://www.brookings.edu/blog/up-front/2021/06/03/why-intellectual-property-and-pandemics-dont-mix/, RJP, DebateDrills. AND , predetermined quantities at prices set high enough to guarantee a healthy return. Thus the plan: The United States of America ought to reduce intellectual property protections for the COVID-19 vaccine. The plan’s implemented through a TRIPS waiver for the U.S.— that’s Moderna, Pfizer-BioNTech, Johnson and Johnson/Janssen The plan bolsters the number of vaccines—-arguments about supply and logistics are empirically disproven.Nancy S. Jecker and Caesar A. Atuire 21. *Department of Bioethics and Humanities, University of Washington School of Medicine, Department of Philosophy, University of Johannesburg, Auckland Park, Gauteng, South Africa, "What’s yours is ours: waiving intellectual property protections for COVID-19 vaccines," Journal of Medical Ethics, July 6, 2021, https://jme.bmj.com/content/medethics/early/2021/07/06/medethics-2021-107555.full.pdf., RJP, DebateDrills. AND will be African—continue to import 99 of its vaccine?’18 FWThe standard is maximizing expected wellbeing.Prefer it:1~ Actor specificity:A~ Aggregation – every policy benefits some and harms others, which also means side constraints freeze action.B~ No act-omission distinction – choosing to omit is an act itself – governments decide not to act which means being presented with the aff creates a choice between two actions, neither of which is an omissionC~ No intent-foresight distinction – If we foresee a consequence, then it becomes part of our deliberation which makes it intrinsic to our action since we intend it to happeno/w 2~ Lexical pre-requisite: threats to bodily security preclude the ability for moral actors to effectively act upon other moral theories since they are in a constant state of crisis that inhibits the ideal moral conditions which other theories presuppose3~ Extinction comes first!Pummer 15 ~Theron, Junior Research Fellow in Philosophy at St. Anne's College, University of Oxford. "Moral Agreement on Saving the World" Practical Ethics, University of Oxford. May 18, 2015~ AT AND be acting very wrongly." (From chapter 36 of On What Matters) 4~ Only consequentialism explains degrees of wrongness—if I break a promise to meet up for lunch, that is not as bad as breaking a promise to take a dying person to the hospital. | 9/18/21 |
SEPTOCT - AC - CancerTournament: Nano Nagle RR | Round: 3 | Opponent: Marlborough WR | Judge: Quentin Clark 1ACAdvantagePatent evergreening spikes cancer drug prices and makes cancer treatment prohibitively expensive by entrenching monopolies in the market – this card turns the innovation DAAmin 18 Tahir Amin, Co-Founder Of Nonprofit I-Mak.Org, 6-27-2018, "The problem with high drug prices isn't 'foreign freeloading,' it's the patent system," CNBC, https://www.cnbc.com/2018/06/25/high-drug-prices-caused-by-us-patent-system.html DD AG AND around the world will continue to lack treatments they can access and afford. Soaring costs on cancer meds force patients to ration or skip their treatments – that leads to disproportionately high risk of deathSzabo 17 Liz Szabo ~Liz Szabo, a senior correspondent and enterprise reporter who focuses on the quality of patient care, has covered medicine for two decades. Her stories about cancer and overtreatment for KHN have won numerous awards~, 3-15-2017, "As Drug Costs Soar, People Delay Or Skip Cancer Treatments," NPR.org, https://www.npr.org/sections/health-shots/2017/03/15/520110742/as-drug-costs-soar-people-delay-or-skip-cancer-treatments DD AG AND percent more likely to stop taking Gleevec or take fewer doses than prescribed. Patents on cancer medicine also specifically hurt women – preventing that is key to gender equity and innovation which comes prior to all of their impactsKane 07 Kane, Eileen M ~Eileen Kane is a Professor of Law at Penn State Law, specializing in teaching and scholarship at the juncture of technology and the law. She holds a Ph.D. in molecular biology from Cornell University~. "Symposium: Molecules and Conflict: Cancer, Patents, and Women's Health." American University Journal of Gender, Social Policy and the Law. 15, no. 2 (2007): 305-335. https://digitalcommons.wcl.american.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?referer=andhttpsredir=1andarticle=1113andcontext=jgspl DD AG AND plays in the development and control of essential scientific and medical resources.159 Independently, the patent system incentivizes increased cancer medicine prescriptions just to increase profit - that harms patientsFeldman et al 8/10 Robin C. Feldman ~Robin Feldman’s work focuses on the role of intellectual property law in technology and innovation; drug patents, pricing, and health care law; and artificial intelligence and data. She is the Arthur J. Goldberg Distinguished Professor of Law, the Albert Abramson ’54 Distinguished Professor of Law Chair, and Director of the UC Hastings Center for Innovation (C4i).~, David A. Hyman, W. Nicholson Price II and Mark J. Ratain, 8-10-2021, "Negative innovation: when patents are bad for patients," Nature Biotechnology, https://www.nature.com/articles/s41587-021-00999-0 DD AG AND are starting to emerge anyway, albeit from sources other than the company9. Thus the plan, the United States of America ought to reduce intellectual property protections for cancer medicines.Only the plan solves - patents are the lynchpin of unaffordability – countries without patents have 30x cheaper cancer drugsBollyky 13 Thomas Bollyky ~Thomas J. Bollyky is director of the global health program and senior fellow for global health, economics, and development at the Council on Foreign Relations (CFR). He is also an adjunct professor of law at Georgetown University.~, 4/10/2013, "Why Chemotherapy That Costs $70,000 in the U.S. Costs $2,500 in India", The Atlantic, https://www.theatlantic.com/health/archive/2013/04/why-chemotherapy-that-costs-70-000-in-the-us-costs-2-500-in-india/274847/ DD AG AND flexibilities that the current IP system gives them on patentability and compulsory licensing. FrameworkThe standard is decreasing structural inequalitiesPrefer:1~ Prioritize structural impacts – worst-case scenario predictions are based on threat exaggeration – distorts rational decision-making and justify preemptive warfareMueller and Stewart ’11 ~John, Woody Hayes National Security Studies and Professor of Political Science @ Ohio State University, Mark, Professor of Civil Engineering and Director of the Centre for Infrastructure Performance and Reliability at the University of Newcastle in Australia, "Terror, Security, and Money", page numbers below~ AND of public monies in a responsible manner. ~page 14-17~ 2~ Predictions of rare events like extinction is next to impossible – prefer empirically verified events to improbable predictive analytics.a~ The future is unpredictable – the best way to preserve future value is to do good things nowKarnofsky 14 - Executive Director of the Open Philanthropy Project degree in Social Studies from Harvard University (Holden Karnofsky, 7/3/14, "The Moral Value of the Far Future" https://www.openphilanthropy.org/blog/moral-value-far-future) AND even if they don’t have a clear connection to improving the far future. b~ The world is complex – linear predictions are incoherentGlover 12 (7/21/12, Robert W. Glover is the CLAS Honors Preceptor in Political Science at the University of Maine. "Compatibility or Incommensurability: IR Theory and Complex Systems Analysis" http://www.e-ir.info/2012/07/21/compatibility-or-incommensurability-ir-theory-and-complex-systems-analysis/~~#'ftn1) AND , or a fundamental and incommensurable challenge to the present theoretical landscape of IR c~ You can’t predict black swan eventsChadefaux 17 ~Thomas Chadefaux (Department of Political Science, Trinity University); 20 February 2017; Data Science Journal; "Conflict forecasting and its limits"; https://content.iospress.com/articles/data-science/ds002 BWSWJ~ AND high precision but still cannot predict their onset with much early warning.8 3~ Actor specificity –a~ it is the moral obligation of the United States government to help its citizens, especially those who suffer the most from disease and poverty. There is no unique obligation for the US to prevent extinction that may or may not occur thousands of years in the future – fill in by other countries solves that and proves structural violence has to come priorb~ States can’t focus on abstract, overarching theories but should do what’s right because it’s the right thing to do – this commits them to consequentialism instead of inflexible rulesRaz: Raz, Joseph ~Faculty, Columbia Law School~ "Multiculturalism: A Liberal Perspective." Multiculturalism. Winter 1994. RP recut DD AG AND mere approximations. Those who apply them inflexibly are fanatics heading for disaster. 4~ Default to probability – any other model of risk calculus collapses in on itselfKessler 08 (Oliver; April 2008; PhD in IR, professor of sociology at the University of Bielefeld, and professor of history and theory of IR at the Faculty of Arts; Alternatives, Vol. 33, "From Insecurity to Uncertainty: Risk and the Paradox of Security Politics" p. 211-232) AND prevail than in situations where security problems can be assessed with relative certainty. 5~ Decision making should be cluster-based not sequenceHolden Karnofsky Executive Director of the Open Philanthropy Project degree in Social Studies from Harvard University; July 25, 2016; "Sequence thinking vs. cluster thinking" BWSWJ recut DD AG AND of "which way the arguments I haven’t thought of yet will point." 6~ Capitalism is self-correcting and sustainable – war and environmental destruction are not profitable and innovation solves their impactsKaletsky ’11 (Anatole, editor-at-large of The Times of London, where he writes weekly columns on economics, politics, and international relationsand on the governing board of the New York-based Institute for New Economic Theory (INET), a nonprofit created after the 2007-2009 crisis to promote and finance academic research in economics, Capitalism 4.0: The Birth of a New Economy in the Aftermath of Crisis, p. 19-21) AND of the proverbially optimistic Mr. Micawber: "Something will turn up." 7~ Reject "1 risk of extinction"– it collapses all policymakingMeskill 09 (David, professor at Colorado School of Mines and PhD from Harvard, "The "One Percent Doctrine" and Environmental Faith," Dec 9, http://davidmeskill.blogspot.com/2009/12/one-percent-doctrine-and-environmental.html) AND . But what our response to this news should be is another matter entirely | 10/11/21 |
SEPTOCT - AC - InsulinTournament: Greenhill | Round: Doubles | Opponent: Harrison AA | Judge: Jharick Shields, Erick Berdugo, Truman Le 1ACAdvantageInsulin is prohibitively expensive – new insulin analogues move the needle from human insulin to a lower quality, more expensive drugPeccoud et al 18 Jenna E. Gallegos ~~,1 Christopher Boyer,2 Eleanore Pauwels,3 Warren A. Kaplan,4 and Jean Peccoud ~Prof. Jean Peccoud joined the department in January 2016 as the Abell chair in synthetic biology~1,*, December 18, "The Open Insulin Project: A Case Study for ‘Biohacked’ Medicines"", Trends in Biotechnology Vol 36 No. 12, https://www.cell.com/trends/biotechnology/pdf/S0167-7799(18)30200-2.pdf DD AG AND regulatory hurdles in order to develop a more affordable model for insulin production. IP perpetuates evergreening, specifically for insulin – that prevents the creation of cheap, generic life saving medicineGreene 15 Jeremy A. Greene, M.D., Ph.D ~I received an MA in medical anthropology from Harvard in 2004, the MD and PhD degrees in the history of science from Harvard in 2005~., and Kevin R. Riggs, M.D., M.P.H., March 19, 2015, "Why Is There No Generic Insulin? Historical Origins of a Modern Problem", New England Journal of Medicine 372:1171-1175, https://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMms1411398 DD AG AND a steep price for the continued rejuvenation of this oldest of modern medicines. This isn’t just a one off – it’s been happening for the last centuryPeccoud 18 Jean Peccoud ~Prof. Jean Peccoud joined the department in January 2016 as the Abell chair in synthetic biology.~, 9-13-2018, "After a century, insulin is still expensive – could DIYers change that?," Conversation, https://theconversation.com/after-a-century-insulin-is-still-expensive-could-diyers-change-that-99822 DD AG AND worse because they tried to ration their insulin are all-too common. Thus, the plan, the United States of America ought to reduce intellectual property protections for insulin.The plan would be implemented through the Affordable Drug Manufacturing Act – precedent makes it normal meansScott 18 Dylan Scott ~grew up in Ohio, lived in Las Vegas for a year and moved to Washington in 2011. I cover health care and other domestic policy.~, 12-20-2018, "Elizabeth Warren’s ambitious new bill to lower generic drug prices, explained," Vox, https://www.vox.com/policy-and-politics/2018/12/20/18146993/elizabeth-warren-2020-election-drug-prices-bill DD AG AND federal government to contract with private companies to do the actual drug producing. IP stands in the way of innovative, biohacked insulin that solves diabetes and is cheaper than existing medicines – only the plan allow for a new wave of biohacked innovation – turns the innovation DAPeccoud et al 18 Jenna E. Gallegos ~~,1 Christopher Boyer,2 Eleanore Pauwels,3 Warren A. Kaplan,4 and Jean Peccoud ~Prof. Jean Peccoud joined the department in January 2016 as the Abell chair in synthetic biology~1,*, December 18, "The Open Insulin Project: A Case Study for ‘Biohacked’ Medicines"", Trends in Biotechnology Vol 36 No. 12, https://www.cell.com/trends/biotechnology/pdf/S0167-7799(18)30200-2.pdf DD AG AND , can independently uncover or stumble upon and ‘acquire’ a trade secret. Failure to integrate race and IP protections either creates shallow policy analysis or shallow theoretical analysis.Sirleaf 21 (Matiangai Sirleaf is the Nathan Patz Professor of Law at the University of Maryland School of Law. Professor Sirleaf writes and teaches in the areas of global public health law, public international law, international human rights law, international criminal law, post-conflict and transitional justice and criminal law. Professor Sirleaf previously served as an associate professor of law at the University of Pittsburgh School of Law, as an assistant professor of law at the University of Baltimore School of Law and as a Sharswood Fellow at the University of Pennsylvania Law School. "DISPOSABLE LIVES: COVID-19, VACCINES, AND THE UPRISING". JUNE 1, 2021.) AND have imposed much more stringent requirements on countries than required by TRIPS.113 FrameworkThe standard is decreasing structural inequalitiesPrefer:1~ Prioritize structural impacts – worst-case scenario predictions are based on threat exaggeration – distorts rational decision-making and justify preemptive warfareMueller and Stewart ’11 ~John, Woody Hayes National Security Studies and Professor of Political Science @ Ohio State University, Mark, Professor of Civil Engineering and Director of the Centre for Infrastructure Performance and Reliability at the University of Newcastle in Australia, "Terror, Security, and Money", page numbers below~ AND of public monies in a responsible manner. ~page 14-17~ 2~ Predictions of rare events like extinction is next to impossible – prefer empirically verified events to improbable predictive analytics.a~ The future is unpredictable – the best way to preserve future value is to do good things nowKarnofsky 14 - Executive Director of the Open Philanthropy Project degree in Social Studies from Harvard University (Holden Karnofsky, 7/3/14, "The Moral Value of the Far Future" https://www.openphilanthropy.org/blog/moral-value-far-future) AND even if they don’t have a clear connection to improving the far future. b~ The world is complex – linear predictions are incoherentGlover 12 (7/21/12, Robert W. Glover is the CLAS Honors Preceptor in Political Science at the University of Maine. "Compatibility or Incommensurability: IR Theory and Complex Systems Analysis" http://www.e-ir.info/2012/07/21/compatibility-or-incommensurability-ir-theory-and-complex-systems-analysis/~~#'ftn1) AND , or a fundamental and incommensurable challenge to the present theoretical landscape of IR c~ You can’t predict black swan eventsChadefaux 17 ~Thomas Chadefaux (Department of Political Science, Trinity University); 20 February 2017; Data Science Journal; "Conflict forecasting and its limits"; https://content.iospress.com/articles/data-science/ds002 BWSWJ~ AND high precision but still cannot predict their onset with much early warning.8 3~ Extinction is inevitable – that non uqs magnitude weighing and means we ought to prefer more probable impacts that happen soonerMonzon 20 Inigo Monzon ~International Business TImes~, 1-20-2020, "Mass Extinction After Asteroid Strike On Earth Is Inevitable, Scientists Reveal," International Business Times, https://www.ibtimes.com/mass-extinction-after-asteroid-strike-earth-inevitable-scientists-reveal-2905584 DD AG AND enough energy to extinguish most life, if not all," she said. 4~ Actor specificity –a~ it is the moral obligation of the United States government to help its citizens, especially those who suffer the most from disease and poverty. There is no unique obligation for the US to prevent extinction that may or may not occur thousands of years in the future – fill in by other countries solves that and proves structural violence has to come priorb~ States can’t focus on abstract, overarching theories but should do what’s right because it’s the right thing to do – this commits them to consequentialism instead of inflexible rulesRaz: Raz, Joseph ~Faculty, Columbia Law School~ "Multiculturalism: A Liberal Perspective." Multiculturalism. Winter 1994. RP recut DD AG AND mere approximations. Those who apply them inflexibly are fanatics heading for disaster. 5~ Default to probability – any other model of risk calculus collapses in on itselfKessler 08 (Oliver; April 2008; PhD in IR, professor of sociology at the University of Bielefeld, and professor of history and theory of IR at the Faculty of Arts; Alternatives, Vol. 33, "From Insecurity to Uncertainty: Risk and the Paradox of Security Politics" p. 211-232) AND prevail than in situations where security problems can be assessed with relative certainty. 6~ Decision making should be cluster-based not sequenceHolden Karnofsky Executive Director of the Open Philanthropy Project degree in Social Studies from Harvard University; July 25, 2016; "Sequence thinking vs. cluster thinking" BWSWJ recut DD AG AND of "which way the arguments I haven’t thought of yet will point." | 9/19/21 |
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