Sammamish Wang Aff
| Tournament | Round | Opponent | Judge | Cites | Round Report | Open Source | Edit/Delete |
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| Contact Info | 1 | me | me |
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| Dowling Catholic | 2 | Caedmon Kline | Sam Larson |
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| Dowling Catholic | 4 | Alexander Torrez | Varad Agarwala |
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| Dowling Catholic | 6 | Julia Alex | Sam Anderson |
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| Dowling Catholic | Octas | Joel Hensen | Panel |
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| Jack Howe | 1 | Sabrina Tang | Joseph Barquin |
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| Jack Howe | 3 | Anya Yaksh | Gabriela Gonzalez |
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| Jack Howe | 5 | Vaibhav Dara | Amanda Ciocca |
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| Jack Howe | Doubles | Adam Mimou | Panel |
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| Jack Howe | Quarters | Nathan Chu | Panel |
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| Loyola | 2 | Emily Lin | Sohum Tiwrary |
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| Loyola | 6 | Jordan Keller | Brixz Gonzaba |
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| Loyola | 3 | James Miller | Sim Guerrero |
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| Nano Nagle | 4 | Alyssa Sawyer | Vanessa Nguyen |
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| Nano Nagle | 2 | Arnav Garg | NIck Fleming |
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| Nano Nagle | 6 | Annmarie Antony | Maxine Adams |
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| Navigation | 2 | me | me |
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| Princeton | 2 | Lauren Chin | Kevin Cheng |
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| Princeton | 3 | James Cox | Emily Chan |
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| Princeton | 6 | Jeremiah Cohn | Jonathan Hsu |
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| formatting request | 1 | pls | read |
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| Tournament | Round | Report |
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| Contact Info | 1 | Opponent: me | Judge: me contact info |
| Dowling Catholic | 2 | Opponent: Caedmon Kline | Judge: Sam Larson 1ac - empire 1nc - queerness k case 1ar - all 2nc - all 2ar - k |
| Dowling Catholic | 4 | Opponent: Alexander Torrez | Judge: Varad Agarwala 1ac - empire v2 1nc - t cap 1ar - all 2n - t 2a- case t |
| Dowling Catholic | 6 | Opponent: Julia Alex | Judge: Sam Anderson 1ac - unions 1nc - healthcare da teachers da police da econ da case 1ar - all 2n - all 2ar - case nc |
| Dowling Catholic | Octas | Opponent: Joel Hensen | Judge: Panel 1ac - empire v2 1nc - queerpess case 1ar - all 2n - k case 2ar - all |
| Jack Howe | 1 | Opponent: Sabrina Tang | Judge: Joseph Barquin 1AC - TRIPS 1NC - accessibility da covid da circumvention case 1AR - all 2NR - all 2AR - COVID accessibility |
| Jack Howe | 3 | Opponent: Anya Yaksh | Judge: Gabriela Gonzalez 1AC- TRIPs 1NC - T-medicines WTO DA Innovation DA 1AR - all 2NR - T 2AR - Case T |
| Jack Howe | 5 | Opponent: Vaibhav Dara | Judge: Amanda Ciocca 1ac - trips 1nc - k cp case 1ar - all 2nr - k 2ar - k |
| Jack Howe | Doubles | Opponent: Adam Mimou | Judge: Panel 1ac - trips 1nc - t cp cp cp da 1ar - all 2nc - consult who cp case 2ar - case cp |
| Jack Howe | Quarters | Opponent: Nathan Chu | Judge: Panel 1ac - trips 1nc - climate patents consult who india soft power us cp 1ar - all 2nr - us cp 2ar - case cp |
| Loyola | 2 | Opponent: Emily Lin | Judge: Sohum Tiwrary 1AC |
| Loyola | 6 | Opponent: Jordan Keller | Judge: Brixz Gonzaba 1AC - Preciado 1NC - New affs bad TFW Psycho CP 1AR - All 2NR - Psycho case 2AR - Case Psycho |
| Loyola | 3 | Opponent: James Miller | Judge: Sim Guerrero 1AC - Asian Melancholy 1NC - Trad NC Topicality Case 1AR - case Topicality 2NR - Topicality Case 2AR - Case Topicality |
| Nano Nagle | 4 | Opponent: Alyssa Sawyer | Judge: Vanessa Nguyen 1ac - tripsv7 1nc - china cp infra da biotech da 1nr -biotech case 2ar - case da |
| Nano Nagle | 2 | Opponent: Arnav Garg | Judge: NIck Fleming 1AC TRIPS 1NC - dsb cp patent pool cp funding cp plan without us pic 1AR - all 1NR- dsb cp 2ar - case dsb |
| Nano Nagle | 6 | Opponent: Annmarie Antony | Judge: Maxine Adams 1ac - asian 1nc - fw case 1ar - all 2nr - fw case 2r- casefw |
| Navigation | 2 | Opponent: me | Judge: me navigation |
| Princeton | 2 | Opponent: Lauren Chin | Judge: Kevin Cheng 1AC - empire 1nc - dictatorship of the proletariat cp setcol 1ar - all 2n - setcol 2ar - case perm |
| Princeton | 3 | Opponent: James Cox | Judge: Emily Chan 1ac - empire 1nc - cap k t 1ar - all 2nr - all 2a- all |
| Princeton | 6 | Opponent: Jeremiah Cohn | Judge: Jonathan Hsu 1ac - empire 1nc - t burdens tt academy k 1ar - all 2n - t tt 2ar - case t tt |
| formatting request | 1 | Opponent: pls | Judge: read formatting request |
To modify or delete round reports, edit the associated round.
Cites
| Entry | Date |
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0 - Contact InfoTournament: Contact Info | Round: 1 | Opponent: me | Judge: me Discord - lydia#7494 Email - lydiawang327@gmail.com Phone number - 4252409655 | 8/29/21 |
0 - Formatting RequestTournament: formatting request | Round: 1 | Opponent: pls | Judge: read also the reason why my formatting was not like this in tournaments earlier this year was because my eyesight actually got so bad - now words and lines are blurry unless there's a space between points. how to format: argument b. subpoint 2. argument a. subpoint b. subpoint how not to format part 1 argument a. subpoint b. subpoint argument | 12/10/21 |
0 - NavigationTournament: Navigation | Round: 2 | Opponent: me | Judge: me | 9/6/21 |
1 - Process CPs badTournament: Nano Nagle | Round: 2 | Opponent: Arnav Garg | Judge: NIck Fleming | 10/9/21 |
ND - 1AC - The Empire Strikes BackTournament: Princeton | Round: 2 | Opponent: Lauren Chin | Judge: Kevin Cheng 1AC1 – AdvantageRevolution is closer than ever – but the masses require a recognition.Basanta ‘20 AND the emancipation of the entire oppressed people in America, including the blacks. Global capitalism has shifted production from the terrain of the centralized power to the a form of domination to which there is no outside – welcome to Empire, a new imperial regime of biopolitics and war.Connell ‘12 AND on other forms of labor and society itself" ~ibidem, 109~. In the age of Empire, just governance has eroded. Labor movements under capital have their demands of capital and state reduced to mechanisms of maintaining equilibrium.Connell 2 AND have this baroque monster of provocation and devastation" ~ibidem, 259~ This has produced a system of exhaustion: accumulating crises build as humanity sits in apathy.Bifo ‘19 AND may prove enormously expensive. Panic and cynicism prevail in the terminal psychosphere. This is unsustainable and causes extinction – multiple intertwined crises make collapse inevitable which means its try-or-die – we got charts.von Weizsäcker and Wijkman ‘17 AND upon as high-risk assets (see Sect. 3.4). Only the refusal of the extraction of capitalist value coupled with the swift and destructive power of the proletariat has the potential to tackle Empire.Hardt and Negri ‘17 (Michael, professor of literature @ Duke, and Antonio, professor of political philosophy @ University of Padua, "Assembly," p. 235-239) BS sosa 4-4-2018 ~brackets for~ abeist language AND continually reproduced in the common. Around this entrepreneurship everything can be recomposed. Thus, the plan: Tactical Leaders ought to recognize the unconditional right of workers to strike.The masses already have the potential for a strike against Empire- it’s up to tactical leadership to recognize it.Hardt and Negri ’17 ~Michael Hardt, professor of literature at Duke, and Antonio Negri, professor of political philosophy at the University of Padua. 2017. "Assembly."~ ask me for the PDF. sosa AND which "spontaneity" arises and reveal what those social bodies can do. We offer a plan for action and resistance — the revolutionary general strike is a festive event that brings out the power of the masses.Gordienko ‘12 /Andrey, Ph.D., PhD Film and TV @ UCLA "The Politics of Eros: The Philosophy of Georges Bataille and Japanese New Wave Cinema" UCLA Electronic Theses and Dissertations, https://escholarship.org/uc/item/48f92067 brett AND all power and in that sense 'impossible,' characterizes the people."68 To the state, which is the taboo on "illegitimate" means of violence, the right to strike is always "conditional" — only a strike that exists outside the limits of the law can be truly unconditional.Marc Crépon and Micol Bez 19; Marc Crépon is a French philosopher and academic who writes on the subject of languages and communities in the French and German philosophies and contemporary political and moral philosophy. Micol Bez @ CPES (Cycle Pluridisciplinaire d’Études Supérieures) at the University of Paris Sciences and Letters. The Right to Strike and Legal War in Walter Benjamin's "Toward the Critique of Violence". Critical Times 1 August 2019; 2 (2): 252–260. https://read.dukeupress.edu/critical-times/article/2/2/252/141479/The-Right-to-Strike-and-Legal-War-in-Walter brett AND from this dichotomous alternative that inevitably reproduces and perpetuates the violence of domination. You should understand this a project of counter-hegemony – every debate and argument is a testing ground to strengthen our strike– voting affirmative is an investment in the war of position.Carrol ‘6 AND existing relationships of domination" (Brand and Hirsch, 2004: 377). The Role of the Ballot is to affirm radical propaganda.Studies prove debate is inevitably implicated in the context of propaganda – voting aff aligns with a model predicated on communist base-building.Greene and Hicks ‘6 AND Baird believed to be evident in ‘the majority of students’ was unstable. | 12/4/21 |
ND - 1AC - The Empire Strikes Back v2Tournament: Dowling Catholic | Round: 2 | Opponent: Caedmon Kline | Judge: Sam Larson 1AC1 – AdvantageRevolution is closer than ever – but the masses require a recognition.Basanta ‘20 AND the emancipation of the entire oppressed people in America, including the blacks. Global capitalism has shifted production from the terrain of the centralized power to the a form of domination to which there is no outside – welcome to Empire, a new imperial regime of biopolitics and war.Connell ‘12 AND on other forms of labor and society itself" ~ibidem, 109~. In the age of Empire, just governance has eroded. Labor movements under capital have their demands of capital and state reduced to mechanisms of maintaining equilibrium.Connell 2 AND have this baroque monster of provocation and devastation" ~ibidem, 259~ This has produced a system of exhaustion: accumulating crises build as humanity sits in apathy.Bifo ‘19 AND may prove enormously expensive. Panic and cynicism prevail in the terminal psychosphere. This is unsustainable and causes extinction – multiple intertwined crises make collapse inevitable which means its try-or-die – we got charts.von Weizsäcker and Wijkman ‘17 AND upon as high-risk assets (see Sect. 3.4). Only the refusal of the extraction of capitalist value coupled with the swift and destructive power of the proletariat has the potential to tackle Empire.Hardt and Negri ‘17 (Michael, professor of literature @ Duke, and Antonio, professor of political philosophy @ University of Padua, "Assembly," p. 235-239) BS sosa 4-4-2018 ~brackets for~ abeist language AND continually reproduced in the common. Around this entrepreneurship everything can be recomposed. Thus, the plan: Tactical Leaders ought to recognize the unconditional right of workers to strike.The masses already have the potential for a strike against Empire- it’s up to tactical leadership to recognize it.Hardt and Negri ’17 ~Michael Hardt, professor of literature at Duke, and Antonio Negri, professor of political philosophy at the University of Padua. 2017. "Assembly."~ ask me for the PDF. sosa AND which "spontaneity" arises and reveal what those social bodies can do. We offer a plan for action and resistance — the revolutionary general strike is a festive event that brings out the power of the masses.Gordienko ‘12 /Andrey, Ph.D., PhD Film and TV @ UCLA "The Politics of Eros: The Philosophy of Georges Bataille and Japanese New Wave Cinema" UCLA Electronic Theses and Dissertations, https://escholarship.org/uc/item/48f92067 brett AND all power and in that sense 'impossible,' characterizes the people."68 To the state, which is the taboo on "illegitimate" means of violence, the right to strike is always "conditional" — only a strike that exists outside the limits of the law can be truly unconditional.Marc Crépon and Micol Bez 19; Marc Crépon is a French philosopher and academic who writes on the subject of languages and communities in the French and German philosophies and contemporary political and moral philosophy. Micol Bez @ CPES (Cycle Pluridisciplinaire d’Études Supérieures) at the University of Paris Sciences and Letters. The Right to Strike and Legal War in Walter Benjamin's "Toward the Critique of Violence". Critical Times 1 August 2019; 2 (2): 252–260. https://read.dukeupress.edu/critical-times/article/2/2/252/141479/The-Right-to-Strike-and-Legal-War-in-Walter brett AND from this dichotomous alternative that inevitably reproduces and perpetuates the violence of domination. The Role of the Ballot is to affirm radical propaganda.Studies prove debate is inevitably implicated in the context of propaganda – voting aff aligns with a model predicated on communist base-building.Greene and Hicks ‘6 AND Baird believed to be evident in ‘the majority of students’ was unstable. | 12/10/21 |
ND - 1AC - UnionsTournament: Dowling Catholic | Round: 6 | Opponent: Julia Alex | Judge: Sam Anderson 1ACPlanThe United States ought to recognize the unconditional right of workers to strike.The plan enforces all relevant parts of the PRO Act that restores worker’s right to strikeRhinehart 21 Posted February 26, 2021 at 12:09 pm by Lynn Rhinehart (J.D., Georgetown University Law Center AND workers covered by the collective bargaining agreement share in the cost of representation. The right to strike is guaranteed by U.S. law but it’s conditionality depends on the status of the limitations placed on it.NLRB ND https://www.nlrb.gov/strikes | National Labor Relations Board (The National Labor Relations Board (NLRB) is comprised of a team of professionals who work to assure fair labor practices and workplace democracy nationwide)/(*ak) AND example, restrictions on strikes in health care institutions (set forth below). The right to strike brings companies to the negotiating tableWhite 08 ~White, Chris. Firewalling the Right to Strike in Australia? 10 Nov. 2008, https://www.aph.gov.au/DocumentStore.ashx?id=9cf0ca0d-c2c1-4a77-8392-53536d1847c5.~~ thanks Strake Jesuit JW, recut CHS AD AND for unionists is: are we slaves or are we to be free? ADV—-UnionsCurrent strike protection is weak which decks unions—-the AFF is keyHRW 21 April 29, 2021 6:00AM EDT Why the US PRO Act Matters for the Right to Unionize: Questions and Answers | https://www.hrw.org/news/2021/04/29/why-us-pro-act-matters-right-unionize-questions-and-answers HRW (Human Rights Watch investigates and reports on abuses happening in all corners of the world. We are roughly 450 people of 70-plus nationalities who are country experts, lawyers, journalists, and others who work to protect the most at risk, from vulnerable minorities and civilians in wartime, to refugees and children in need.)/(*ak) AND human rights standards, and slow or reverse decades of rising economic inequality. The AFF resolves captive audience AND permanent replacement—-both substantively contributed to the trend against unions since the 70sMishel and Bivens 5-13, Lawrence Mishel is a distinguished fellow at EPI after serving as president from 2002–2017. Josh Bivens is the director of research at the Economic Policy Institute (EPI). Before coming to EPI, he was an assistant professor of economics at Roosevelt University and provided consulting services to Oxfam America. He has a Ph.D. in economics from the New School for Social Research and a bachelor’s degree from the University of Maryland at College Park. EPI 2021. "Identifying the policy levers generating wage suppression and wage inequality" https://files.epi.org/pdf/215908.pdf brett AND if workers are to truly have the freedom to form and join unions. Also removes restrictions on secondary strikes—-that restores unionsBahn, Kate (2019) The once and future role of strikes in ensuring U.S. worker power. Equitable Growth. (2019, August 28). https://equitablegrowth.org/the-once-and-future-role-of-strikes-in-ensuring-u-s-worker-power/. AND first gained their legal stature in the U.S. labor market. Scenario 1 is the economy:Best evidence concludes AFF—-decreasing worker power causes inequality AND slow growthBivens and Shierholz 18, Josh Bivens is the director of research at the Economic Policy Institute (EPI). Heidi Shierholz leads EPI’s policy team, which monitors wage and employment policies coming out of Congress and the administration and advances a worker-first policy agenda. EPI (2018) "What labor market changes have generated inequality and wage suppression?" https://files.epi.org/pdf/148880.pdf brett AND to move the labor market toward a competitive ideal that is not attainable. Scenario 2 is democracy:Unions are key to it AND the link is reverse causalLevitz, 19 (Eric, "Democracy Dies When Labor Unions Do," New York: Intelligencer, 9/18/19, https://nymag.com/intelligencer/2019/09/democracy-dies-when-labor-unions-do.html) AND by enabling working-class voters to collectivize the costs of political engagement. Strikes increase democratic participation which reinvigorates democracy.McElwee 15 ~Sean; Research Associate at Demos; "How Unions Boost Democratic Participation," The American Prospect; 9/16/15; https://prospect.org/labor/unions-boost-democratic-participation/~~ AND a broad swath of the middle class largely unrepresented in the political process." Strong US democracy is vital to global stability and human rightsKasparov 17, Chairman of the Human Rights Foundation, 2/16/2017 Garry, "Democracy and Human Rights: The Case for U.S. Leadership" http://www.foreign.senate.gov/imo/media/doc/021617'Kasparov'20Testimony.pdf AND having the exceptional courage to always try to be better. Thank you. FWThe standard is maximizing expected well-being—to clarify, saving lives. Calc indicts don’t link—our impacts are bad because as far as we know, it would cause death.Prefer:1~ Actor spec—governments must use util because they don’t have intentions and are constantly dealing with tradeoffs—outweighs since different agents have different obligations—takes out calc indicts since they are empirically denied.2~ Only consequentialism explains degrees of wrongness—if I break a promise to meet up for lunch, that is not as bad as breaking a promise to not kill. Only the consequences of breaking the promise explain why the second one is much worse than the first which is the most intuitive.3~ Extinction must outweigh – moral uncertainty demands we preserve the conditions for life, even a tiny risk outweighs, and future gains in quality of life ensure it’s a prior questionTodd 17 ~Ben has a 1st from Oxford in Physics and Philosophy, has published in Climate Physics, once kick-boxed for Oxford, and speaks Chinese, badly. "The case for reducing extinction risk." https://80000hours.org/articles/extinction-risk/~~ brett AND noticeable effect. We prefer to focus on more targeted and neglected solutions. | 12/11/21 |
SO - 1AC - Asian MelancholyTournament: Loyola | Round: 3 | Opponent: James Miller | Judge: Sim Guerrero Sept/Oct 2021 AC (Generic) v1Asian American subject-formation is defined by a status of incomplete assimilation – an epistemic violence in which the racial signification homogenizes the body at a metaphysical level. And yet, something is missing… a haunting – if you will. A feeling of melancholy created by ontological gap between the real and the symbolic that could never be bridged. We are reduced to whatever stereotype thrown at us entails and our identities act to justify all social structures. That means only our theory of power can explain yours.Kim 09 (Chang-Hee Kim, The Fantasy of Asian America: Identity, Ideology, and Desire) 2009 klmd recut/tagged Nato AND a community in which the ideological transparency of a hegemonic discourse comes true. ====Forms of communication are bad since it acts to publicly humiliate and shame the Asian Body – we are always in the state as "almost, but not quite". Education spaces like debate are specifically key to exclude the Asian identity and create a sense of mis belonging.==== AND of racial melancholia and expand on Freud’s account of loss and interminable mourning. Debate is a site of Coercive mimeticism which stipulates the Asian American body and tricks one into thinking it is the identity. Process of "liberation" from within the debate space only acts to further maintain the space since it concedes the mimeticism given by the society. Arguments that debate is separate from the theory of power flows aff.Chambers-Letson 1 (Joshua Chambers-Letson, Joshua Chambers-Letson conducts research and teaches courses in performance theory, critical race theory, contemporary art and performance, political theory, and queer of color critique, "A Race So Different – Performance and Law in Asian America", New York University Press, 2013)Shreyas Recut/Tagged Nato AND the law, we run the risk of transforming our bodies into prisons. This topic is just another instance of Asian Melancholy – Advantages like China fill in bad generates hatred of Asian Americans that forces them to leave the country.Lai 21 Alicia Lai, 3-22-2021, "It’s Wrong to Target Asian-American Scientists for Espionage Prosecution," Scientific American, https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/prosecuting-asian-american-scientists-for-espionage-is-a-shortsighted-strategy/ Nato AND self-destructive path, harming its own citizens, innovation and economy. Pandemics discourse is anti – Asian and rooted in western superiority. Debates that center disease inevitably lead to the polarization of Asian culture.White 3-25 ~Alexandre I.R White, B.A., Amherst College, 2010 MSc., The London School of Economics and Political Science, 3-25-2021, "Podcast: A History of Pandemic Xenophobia and Racism," https://www.theatlantic.com/health/archive/2021/03/a-history-of-pandemic-xenophobia-racism/618421/ ~accessed: 8/22/21~ Lydia Recut Nato AND , which simmer over and lead to oppression in so many different ways. ====Melancholia destroys the Asian subject, not physical by rather psychological which preserves the haunting. We erase our identities, our cultures, and our way of life. We are empty.==== AND or gender identity marks the emergence of a precarious social and psychic life. Thus, my advocacy is to depathologize and accept within melancholia – re-appropriating melancholia as a militant preservation of the lost object and refusal to attain whitened ideals opens up acts of revolt.Eng and Han 3 ~DAVID L. ENG and SHINHEE HAN ~David L. Eng is Richard L. Fisher Professor of English as well as Graduate Chair of the English Department at UPenn. He is also Professor in the Program in Asian American Studies, the Program in Comparative Litera Racial Castration: Managing Masculinity in Asian America (Duke University Press) as well as the Coeditor (with Alice Y. Hom) of QandA: Queer in Asian America (Temple University Press, 1998). His current project is a co-edited collection (with David Kazanjian) entitled Loss: Mourning and Melancholia in the Twentieth Century. Shinhee Han, C.S.W., is a psychotherapist at the Counseling and Psychological Services of Columbia University. She is a doctoral candidate in the Shirley M. Ehrenkranz School of Social Work at New York University and maintains a private practice in New York City.~, RACIAL MELANCHOLIA, RACIAL DISSOCIATION: On the Social and Psychic Lives of Asian Americans, DUKE UNIVERSITY PRESS, Durham and London, 2019~ ghsBZ Recut/Tagged Nato AND racialization processes we have been discussing throughout this essay: mourning and melancholia. Permutation is key – movements are stronger when coalitions are formed and there’s the net benefit of using solidarity to defy the divisiveness of the model minority. Even if pure pessimism is true, we should still have pessimism together.Ty 17 ~Eleanor Ty, Professor in the Department of English and Film Studies at Wilfrid Laurier University. She holds a PhD and MA in English from McMaster University, and a BA Hons from the University of Toronto., University Of Illinois Press, "Asian Fail Narratives Of Disenchantment And the Model Minority ", 2017~lydiaw AND , global environment, and political identities in the twenty-first century. ===Sept/Oct 2021 Method=== The ROB is to reject every instance of anti-asianness in the classroom – anything else normalizes violenceEng and Han 2, DAVID L. ENG and SHINHEE HAN ~David L. Eng is Richard L. Fisher Professor of English as well as Graduate Chair of the English Department at UPenn. He is also Professor in the Program in Asian American Studies, the Program in Comparative Litera Racial Castration: Managing Masculinity in Asian America (Duke University Press) as well as the Coeditor (with Alice Y. Hom) of QandA: Queer in Asian America (Temple University Press, 1998). His current project is a co-edited collection (with David Kazanjian) entitled Loss: Mourning and Melancholia in the Twentieth Century. Shinhee Han, C.S.W., is a psychotherapist at the Counseling and Psychological Services of Columbia University. She is a doctoral candidate in the Shirley M. Ehrenkranz School of Social Work at New York University and maintains a private practice in New York City.~, RACIAL MELANCHOLIA, RACIAL DISSOCIATION: On the Social and Psychic Lives of Asian Americans, DUKE UNIVERSITY PRESS, Durham and London, 2019, ghsBZ Recut/Tagged Nato AND and denied, returning us to social dynamics of Myrdal’s "American dilemma." The Aff can’t immediately dismantle power or transform debate but weaponizing institutions against themselves carves out pockets of resistance and survivalChambers-Letson 2, Joshua. "The Inoperative Iphigenia: Race, Law, and Emancipation in Michi Barall's Rescue Me." Theatre Survey 55.2 (2014): 145-164. (Associate Professor of Performance Studies at Northwestern)Elmer AND dangerous and ahistorical discourse of a postrace, color-blind United States. Framing issue – reps firstSani ‘13 ~Shehu Sani – Nigerian senator, an author, playwright and a human rights activist. He is President of the Civil Rights Congress of Nigeria - (CRCN). and the Chairman of Hand-in-Hand, Africa. He was a leading figure in the struggle for the restoration of democracy in Nigeria~ "Hatred for Black People" November 2013.~ MT – Recut AND and prove themselves through their use of language, either consciously or subconsciously. They may not think this debate is important – but discomfort is the only way to produce productivityReid-Brinkley 08 ~Shanara Rose Reid-Brinkley, public policy advocate on national and local policy and holds Bachelor’s degree from emory University in Political science and government. She is also the Director of public policy and Advocacy at Argumentation and Persuation Consulting, 2008, "The Harsh Realities Of "Acting black": How African-American Policy Debaters Negotiate Representation Through Racial Performance And Style", University of Georgia~lydiaw AND of the UDL has been critical to this benevolent image of debate outreach. | 10/6/21 |
SO - 1AC - Asian Melancholy v2Tournament: Nano Nagle | Round: 6 | Opponent: Annmarie Antony | Judge: Maxine Adams | 10/9/21 |
SO - 1AC - PreciadoTournament: Loyola | Round: 6 | Opponent: Jordan Keller | Judge: Brixz Gonzaba We’ll begin with a wild thesis—-Pharmacopornography shapes and controls subjectivity—-the governance of sexual subjectivity transforms femininity and masculinity into products sold and managed by multinationals.Preciado 13 ~Paul Preciado, professor of Political History of the Body, Gender Theory, and History of Performance at Paris VIII, 2013, "Testo Junkie: sex, drugs and biopolitics in the pharmacopornographic Era," the Feminist Press," translated by Bruce Benderson, https://monoskop.org/images/8/88/Preciado'Beatriz'Testo'Junkie'2013.pdf~~// lydia AND pharmacopornographic business is the invention of a subject and then its global reproduction. Under the control of pharmaceuticals —- gender affirming drugs are inaccessible and covid uniquely worsens the issueLopez 20 ~Canela LóPez, 4-17-2020, "People are sharing hormones on Google Docs and turning to 'grey market' pharmacies to get gender-affirming care during the pandemic," Insider, https://www.insider.com/transgender-people-turn-to-grey-market-for-hormones-during-pandemic-2020-4 ~Accessed: 8-1-202~ lydia AND , I'm working with less and less total funds as time goes on." The cornerstone of pharmacopornographic control over the desiring body is intellectual property. The codification of sex and gender is conceived as private property of multinationals for profit.Preciado 13 ~Paul Preciado, professor of Political History of the Body, Gender Theory, and History of Performance at Paris VIII, 2013, "Testo Junkie: sex, drugs and biopolitics in the pharmacopornographic Era," the Feminist Press," translated by Bruce Benderson, https://monoskop.org/images/8/88/Preciado'Beatriz'Testo'Junkie'2013.pdf~~// lydia AND have sexual fantasies: Dorcel, Hotvideo, Playboy, and so on. The global patent regime is the mastery of natural hormones to become neoliberal products, but only when it’s profitable.Fragnito 20 ~Maddalena Fragnito, cultural activist exploring the intersections among art, transfeminisms, critical theory and technologies – focusing on practices of commoning social reproduction. At the moment she is a Doctoral Student at Coventry University’s Centre for Postdigital Cultures, October 2020, " Commoning Molecules: Decolonising Biological Patents by Gender Hacking Protocols ," Journal of International Womens studies, https://vc.bridgew.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=2348andcontext=jiws~~ lydia AND more inclusive definition on what is essential and to whom, are spreading. This leads to the necropolitical elimination of surplus populations and uncontrolled disease spread.Preciado 13 ~Paul Preciado, professor of Political History of the Body, Gender Theory, and History of Performance at Paris VIII, 2013, "Testo Junkie: sex, drugs and biopolitics in the pharmacopornographic Era," the Feminist Press," translated by Bruce Benderson, https://monoskop.org/images/8/88/Preciado'Beatriz'Testo'Junkie'2013.pdf~~// lydia AND a matter of inventing a subject and producing it on a global scale. It’s try or die for revolutionary transformation—-modern Empire is constructed around the pharmacopornagraphic subject risking endless war.Preciado 13 ~Paul Preciado, professor of Political History of the Body, Gender Theory, and History of Performance at Paris VIII, 2013, "Testo Junkie: sex, drugs and biopolitics in the pharmacopornographic Era," the Feminist Press," translated by Bruce Benderson, https://monoskop.org/images/8/88/Preciado'Beatriz'Testo'Junkie'2013.pdf~~ brett AND biotechnological apparatuses that it is possible to invent resistance, to risk revolution. That produces accumulating crises as humanity sits in apathy.Bifo ’19 ~Franco Berardi, Italian communist philosopher, theorist and activist in the autonomist tradition. May 2019. "Game Over," https://www.e-flux.com/journal/100/268601/game-over/~~ pat AND may prove enormously expensive. Panic and cynicism prevail in the terminal psychosphere. ====Thus, the plan: I affirm gendercopyleft as a method to reduce intellectual property protections for medicines.==== Pharmaceutical patent of drugs seeks to privatize the micro technologies of subjectification and forecloses the possibility of survival. Voting affirmative endorses copy left as a form of gender hacking as a decisive strategy to undermine hegemonic sex and gender.Preciado 13 ~Paul Preciado, professor of Political History of the Body, Gender Theory, and History of Performance at Paris VIII, 2013, "Testo Junkie: sex, drugs and biopolitics in the pharmacopornographic Era," the Feminist Press," translated by Bruce Benderson, https://monoskop.org/images/8/88/Preciado'Beatriz'Testo'Junkie'2013.pdf~~// lydia AND from the macrodiscourse and diluted with a good dose of micropolitical hedonist psychedelics. ====Gender hacking looks like the open source estrogen project of non-commercialized estrogen – the goal is radical access of information and sex hormones to take back health autonomy in resistance to the control of pharmaceuticals. ==== AND form of an ethics might spring from such a reconsideration" (2020). The intake of hormones are not merely molecules but a chain of signifiers representing the materialization of a broad network of exchange. Copyleft is the seizure and administration of these patented biocodesPreciado 13 ~Paul Preciado, professor of Political History of the Body, Gender Theory, and History of Performance at Paris VIII, 2013, "Testo Junkie: sex, drugs and biopolitics in the pharmacopornographic Era," the Feminist Press," translated by Bruce Benderson, https://monoskop.org/images/8/88/Preciado'Beatriz'Testo'Junkie'2013.pdf~~// lydia AND the perpetually random processes of mutation and genetic drift. I am T. Producing discourse, producing writing, is the main way that subjectivity itself is produced. What type of subjectivity will you design for yourself? The attempt to trap the topic within a dialectical parliamentary politics relying on state models of deliberation as a metric of success precludes the creation of revolutionary alliances and resistance.Preciado 13, professor of Political History of the Body, Gender Theory, and History of Performance at Paris VIII, Interview with Ricky Tucker. "Pharmacopornography: An Interview with Beatriz Preciado," December 4, 2013, The Paris Review" https://www.theparisreview.org/blog/2013/12/04/pharmacopornography-an-interview-with-beatriz-preciado/ brett AND heroes, whoever it is, be it Freud or Foucault. | 9/5/21 |
SO - 1AC - TRIPsTournament: Loyola | Round: 2 | Opponent: Emily Lin | Judge: Sohum Tiwrary ADV – COVIDThe time to expand vaccination on a global level is now—-highly contagious mutations facilitate continued spread.Kumar 7-12 Rajeesh Kumar, Rajeesh Kumar is Associate Fellow at Manohar Parrikar Institute for Defence Studies and Analyses, New Delhi., 7-12-2021, "WTO TRIPS Waiver and COVID-19 Vaccine Equity," Manohar Paprikar Institute for Defence Studies and Analyses, https://idsa.in/issuebrief/wto-trips-waiver-covid-vaccine-rkumar-120721, EH and brett AND such barrier that prevents vaccine production in LMICs and hence its equitable distribution. That renders current vaccines ineffectiveDransfield 21 Sarah Dransfield, 3-30-2021, "Two-thirds of epidemiologists warn mutations could render current COVID vaccines ineffective in a year or less", https://www.oxfam.org/en/press-releases/two-thirds-epidemiologists-warn-mutations-could-render-current-covid-vaccines, accessed 7/23/2021 EH and brett AND and new variants somewhere on the planet mean none of us are safe." Waiving IP protections is essential to expand manufacturing and global exports. A litany of countries possess capacity but lack know-how — the plan is key.Kumar 7-12 Rajeesh Kumar, Rajeesh Kumar is Associate Fellow at Manohar Parrikar Institute for Defence Studies and Analyses, New Delhi., 7-12-2021, "WTO TRIPS Waiver and COVID-19 Vaccine Equity," Manohar Paprikar Institute for Defence Studies and Analyses, https://idsa.in/issuebrief/wto-trips-waiver-covid-vaccine-rkumar-120721, brett AND not expedient in a public health crisis like the COVID-19 pandemic. Boosting manufacturing capacity is critical to a timely response to COVID AND ensures preparedness for future pandemics.Jecker and Atuire 21, Dr Nancy S Jecker, Department of Bioethics and Humanities, University of Washington School of Medicine. Department of Philosophy, University of Johannesburg, Auckland Park, Gauteng, South Africa. Caesar A Atuire, Department of Philosophy and Classics, University of Ghana, Accra, Accra, Ghana. All Souls College, University of Oxford, Oxford, Oxfordshire, UK. Journal of Medical Ethics 2021;47:595-598. "What’s yours is ours: waiving intellectual property protections for COVID-19 vaccines." https://jme.bmj.com/content/47/9/595 brett AND will be African—continue to import 99 of its vaccine?’18 COVID escalates every hotspot—-extinction.RECNA et al. 21, Research Center for Nuclear Weapons Abolition, Nagasaki University (RECNA), Asia Pacific Leadership Network (APLN), and the Nautilus Institute. Journal for Peace and Nuclear Disarmament Volume 4, 2021. "Pandemic Futures and Nuclear Weapon Risks: The Nagasaki 75th Anniversary pandemic-nuclear nexus scenarios final report" https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/25751654.2021.1890867 brett AND by nuclear threat, with cascading effects on the risk of nuclear war. ADV – LegitimacyThe WTO is on the brink — the TRIPS waiver is the critical factor determining the survival of multilateral trade AND creates momentum for structural reformsMeyer 6-18 David Meyer, 6-18-2021, "The WTO’s survival hinges on the COVID-19 vaccine patent debate, waiver advocates warn – Fortune," Fortune, https://fortune.com/2021/06/18/wto-covid-vaccines-patents-waiver-south-africa-trips/amp/, EH and brett AND what are still daunting structural problems." Those problems are legion. HIV/AIDS prove legitimacy damage from patent controversy—-every bit of delay saps credibility—-now is keyBacchus 20 James Bacchus ~member of the Herbert A. Stiefel Center for Trade Policy Studies, the Distinguished University Professor of Global Affairs and director of the Center for Global Economic and Environmental Opportunity at the University of Central Florida. He was a founding judge and was twice the chairman—the chief judge—of the highest court of world trade, the Appellate Body of the World Trade Organization in Geneva, Switzerland. ~, 12-16-2020, "An Unnecessary Proposal: A WTO Waiver of Intellectual Property Rights for COVID-19 Vaccines," Cato Institute, https://www.cato.org/free-trade-bulletin/unnecessary-proposal-wto-waiver-intellectual-property-rights-covid-19-vaccines accessed 7/20/2021 EH AND over providing affordable medicines for people afflicted by a lethal disease. Perception alone solves, regardless of success, issuing the waiver is a sign of goodwill that shores up legitimacyWinslett 5-27, Gary Winslett is an associate fellow for finance and trade at the R Street Institute. He is also an assistant professor of political science at Middlebury College. May 27, 2021. National Interest, "The Political Significance of the TRIPS Waiver" https://nationalinterest.org/feature/political-significance-trips-waiver-186246 brett AND than a threat versus only 44 percent of Republicans who say the same. Restoring credibility de-escalates every conflict.GEORGIA L. Hamann 9, associate in Lewis, Roca, Rothberger’s Litigation Practice Group, J.D. from Vanderbilt University Law School. May 2009, "Replacing Slingshots with Swords: Implications of the Antigua-Gambling 22.6 Panel Report for Developing Countries and the World Trading System", http://www.vanderbilt.edu/jotl/manage/wp-content/uploads/hamann-cr'final'final.pdf brett AND keenly aware of the responsibility they have to uphold the organization’s credibility.108 SolvencyPlan: The member nations of the World Trade Organization ought to reduce intellectual property protections for medicines related to the prevention, containment, and treatment of COVID-19.Enforcement is done through waiving TRIPS protections and modifying relevant domestic law to ensure patent protections are reduced—-spec is delineated in the card.Jones et al. 21, Mike Jones, J.D., cum laude, Brooklyn Law School, 2014. Sean McConnell, University of Pittsburgh School of Law, J.D., 2002. Lauren Giambalvo, University of Georgia School of Law, J.D., magna cum laude, Order of the Coif, 2019; Georgia Law Review. Emily Harmon, Villanova University Charles Widger School of Law, J.D., 2020. Ipwatchdog, August 9, 2021. "What is a ‘Patent Waiver’ Anyway? Zooming Out on the TRIPS COVID IP Waiver Debate" https://www.ipwatchdog.com/2021/08/09/patent-waiver-anyway-zooming-trips-covid-ipwaiver-debate/id=136381/ brett AND enforce their U.S. patent rights in the U.S. Public funding and massive pre-purchases are superior incentives to patents in a pandemic.Lindsey 21, Brink Lindsey, Vice President @ Niskanen Center "Why intellectual property and pandemics don’t mix," Brookings Institution, June 3, 2021. https://www.brookings.edu/blog/up-front/2021/06/03/why-intellectual-property-and-pandemics-dont-mix/ brett AND compared to the staggering cost of this pandemic in lives and economic damage. FramingThe standard is maximizing expected well-being, or hedonistic act utilitarianism.1~ Neuroscience- pleasure and pain are intrinsic value and disvalue – everything else regresses.Blum et al. 18 ~Kenneth Blum, 1Department of Psychiatry, Boonshoft School of Medicine, Dayton VA Medical Center, Wright State University, Dayton, OH, USA 2Department of Psychiatry, McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL, USA 3Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Keck Medicine University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA 4Division of Applied Clinical Research and Education, Dominion Diagnostics, LLC, North Kingstown, RI, USA 5Department of Precision Medicine, Geneus Health LLC, San Antonio, TX, USA 6Department of Addiction Research and Therapy, Nupathways Inc., Innsbrook, MO, USA 7Department of Clinical Neurology, Path Foundation, New York, NY, USA 8Division of Neuroscience-Based Addiction Therapy, The Shores Treatment and Recovery Center, Port Saint Lucie, FL, USA 9Institute of Psychology, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary 10Division of Addiction Research, Dominion Diagnostics, LLC. North Kingston, RI, USA 11Victory Nutrition International, Lederach, PA., USA 12National Human Genome Center at Howard University, Washington, DC., USA, Marjorie Gondré-Lewis, 12National Human Genome Center at Howard University, Washington, DC., USA 13Departments of Anatomy and Psychiatry, Howard University College of Medicine, Washington, DC US, Bruce Steinberg, 4Division of Applied Clinical Research and Education, Dominion Diagnostics, LLC, North Kingstown, RI, USA, Igor Elman, 15Department Psychiatry, Cooper University School of Medicine, Camden, NJ, USA, David Baron, 3Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Keck Medicine University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA, Edward J Modestino, 14Department of Psychology, Curry College, Milton, MA, USA, Rajendra D Badgaiyan, 15Department Psychiatry, Cooper University School of Medicine, Camden, NJ, USA, Mark S Gold 16Department of Psychiatry, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, USA, "Our evolved unique pleasure circuit makes humans different from apes: Reconsideration of data derived from animal studies", U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs, 28 February 2018, accessed: 19 August 2020, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6446569/~~ R.S. AND these circuits contribute to diverse pathologies, including obesity and addiction or RDS. 2~ Actor spec—governments must use util because they don’t have intentions and are constantly dealing with tradeoffs—outweighs since different agents have different obligations—takes out calc indicts since they are empirically denied.3~ Impact calc — Extinction is categorically prior:A~ Magnitude — trillions of future lives are lost that are just as valuable as current ones – anything else says some lives are worth less than others which is a slippery slope to genocide.B~ Reversibility — extinction forecloses future improvement; prefer — if we’re unsure about which interpretation of the world is true, we should preserve it to figure things out.Underview1~ 1AR theory is legit – anything else means infinite abuse – drop the debater – 1AR is too short to make up for the time trade-off – no RVIs – 6 min 2NR means they can brute force me every time – competing interps – otherwise the 2NR could drown the aff in arguments while playing defense2~ Use reasonability on the brightline of in-round abuse — Competing interps ensures endless theory debates — empirically proven by the overwhelming norm of competing interps and the strategic value it gives theory in LD. Reasonability is critical to ensure theory checks abusive practices that tangibly impact the debate rather than a strategic device to run from substance. | 9/4/21 |
SO - 1AC - TRIPs v2Tournament: Jack Howe | Round: 1 | Opponent: Sabrina Tang | Judge: Joseph Barquin 1ACADV – COVIDThe time to expand vaccination on a global level is now—-highly contagious mutations facilitate continued spread.Kumar 7-12 Rajeesh Kumar, Rajeesh Kumar is Associate Fellow at Manohar Parrikar Institute for Defence Studies and Analyses, New Delhi., 7-12-2021, "WTO TRIPS Waiver and COVID-19 Vaccine Equity," Manohar Paprikar Institute for Defence Studies and Analyses, https://idsa.in/issuebrief/wto-trips-waiver-covid-vaccine-rkumar-120721, EH and brett AND such barrier that prevents vaccine production in LMICs and hence its equitable distribution. That renders current vaccines ineffectiveDransfield 21 Sarah Dransfield, 3-30-2021, "Two-thirds of epidemiologists warn mutations could render current COVID vaccines ineffective in a year or less", https://www.oxfam.org/en/press-releases/two-thirds-epidemiologists-warn-mutations-could-render-current-covid-vaccines, accessed 7/23/2021 EH and brett AND and new variants somewhere on the planet mean none of us are safe." Waiving IP protections is essential to expand manufacturing and global exports. A litany of countries possess capacity but lack know-how — the plan is key.Kumar 7-12 Rajeesh Kumar, Rajeesh Kumar is Associate Fellow at Manohar Parrikar Institute for Defence Studies and Analyses, New Delhi., 7-12-2021, "WTO TRIPS Waiver and COVID-19 Vaccine Equity," Manohar Paprikar Institute for Defence Studies and Analyses, https://idsa.in/issuebrief/wto-trips-waiver-covid-vaccine-rkumar-120721, brett AND not expedient in a public health crisis like the COVID-19 pandemic. Boosting manufacturing capacity is critical to a timely response to COVID AND ensures preparedness for future pandemics.Jecker and Atuire 21, Dr Nancy S Jecker, Department of Bioethics and Humanities, University of Washington School of Medicine. Department of Philosophy, University of Johannesburg, Auckland Park, Gauteng, South Africa. Caesar A Atuire, Department of Philosophy and Classics, University of Ghana, Accra, Accra, Ghana. All Souls College, University of Oxford, Oxford, Oxfordshire, UK. Journal of Medical Ethics 2021;47:595-598. "What’s yours is ours: waiving intellectual property protections for COVID-19 vaccines." https://jme.bmj.com/content/47/9/595 brett AND will be African—continue to import 99 of its vaccine?’18 COVID escalates every hotspot—-extinction.RECNA et al. 21, Research Center for Nuclear Weapons Abolition, Nagasaki University (RECNA), Asia Pacific Leadership Network (APLN), and the Nautilus Institute. Journal for Peace and Nuclear Disarmament Volume 4, 2021. "Pandemic Futures and Nuclear Weapon Risks: The Nagasaki 75th Anniversary pandemic-nuclear nexus scenarios final report" https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/25751654.2021.1890867 brett AND by nuclear threat, with cascading effects on the risk of nuclear war. COVID reproduces injusticesC G Nicholas Mascie-Taylor and K Moji 20, Nick Mascie-Taylor is Professor of Human Population Biology and Health and Director of Research in Global Health at the University of Cambridge, UK and a Fellow of Churchill College, Cambridge. Kazuhiko Moji is Professor of Human Ecology and the Dean of Nagasaki University School of Global Humanities and Social Sciences, and the Director of Department of Global Health at Graduate School of Tropical Medicine and Global Health. October 31-November 1, and November 14-15, 2020 (Japan Time). A Working Paper presented to The 75th Anniversary Nagasaki Nuclear-Pandemic Nexus Scenario Project "Pandemics" https://www.recna.nagasaki-u.ac.jp/recna/bd/files/Taylor'Moji'Nagasaki'WP'20201012'final.pdf brett AND , insecure employment is the main problem, and not ethnicity per se. ADV – LegitimacyThe WTO is on the brink — the TRIPS waiver is the critical factor determining the survival of multilateral trade AND creates momentum for structural reformsMeyer 6-18 David Meyer, 6-18-2021, "The WTO’s survival hinges on the COVID-19 vaccine patent debate, waiver advocates warn – Fortune," Fortune, https://fortune.com/2021/06/18/wto-covid-vaccines-patents-waiver-south-africa-trips/amp/, EH and brett AND what are still daunting structural problems." Those problems are legion. HIV/AIDS prove legitimacy damage from patent controversy—-every bit of delay saps credibility—-now is keyBacchus 20 James Bacchus ~member of the Herbert A. Stiefel Center for Trade Policy Studies, the Distinguished University Professor of Global Affairs and director of the Center for Global Economic and Environmental Opportunity at the University of Central Florida. He was a founding judge and was twice the chairman—the chief judge—of the highest court of world trade, the Appellate Body of the World Trade Organization in Geneva, Switzerland. ~, 12-16-2020, "An Unnecessary Proposal: A WTO Waiver of Intellectual Property Rights for COVID-19 Vaccines," Cato Institute, https://www.cato.org/free-trade-bulletin/unnecessary-proposal-wto-waiver-intellectual-property-rights-covid-19-vaccines accessed 7/20/2021 EH AND take precedence over providing affordable medicines for people afflicted by a lethal disease. Perception alone solves, regardless of success, issuing the waiver is a sign of goodwill that shores up legitimacyWinslett 5-27, Gary Winslett is an associate fellow for finance and trade at the R Street Institute. He is also an assistant professor of political science at Middlebury College. May 27, 2021. National Interest, "The Political Significance of the TRIPS Waiver" https://nationalinterest.org/feature/political-significance-trips-waiver-186246 brett AND than a threat versus only 44 percent of Republicans who say the same. Restoring credibility de-escalates every conflict.GEORGIA L. Hamann 9, associate in Lewis, Roca, Rothberger’s Litigation Practice Group, J.D. from Vanderbilt University Law School. May 2009, "Replacing Slingshots with Swords: Implications of the Antigua-Gambling 22.6 Panel Report for Developing Countries and the World Trading System", http://www.vanderbilt.edu/jotl/manage/wp-content/uploads/hamann-cr'final'final.pdf brett AND keenly aware of the responsibility they have to uphold the organization’s credibility.108 SolvencyPlan: The member nations of the World Trade Organization ought to reduce intellectual property protections for medicines related to the prevention, containment, and treatment of COVID-19.Enforcement is done through waiving TRIPS protections and modifying relevant domestic law to ensure patent protections are reduced—-spec is delineated in the card.Jones et al. 21, Mike Jones, J.D., cum laude, Brooklyn Law School, 2014. Sean McConnell, University of Pittsburgh School of Law, J.D., 2002. Lauren Giambalvo, University of Georgia School of Law, J.D., magna cum laude, Order of the Coif, 2019; Georgia Law Review. Emily Harmon, Villanova University Charles Widger School of Law, J.D., 2020. Ipwatchdog, August 9, 2021. "What is a ‘Patent Waiver’ Anyway? Zooming Out on the TRIPS COVID IP Waiver Debate" https://www.ipwatchdog.com/2021/08/09/patent-waiver-anyway-zooming-trips-covid-ipwaiver-debate/id=136381/ brett AND enforce their U.S. patent rights in the U.S. Public funding and massive pre-purchases are superior incentives to patents in a pandemic.Lindsey 21, Brink Lindsey, Vice President @ Niskanen Center "Why intellectual property and pandemics don’t mix," Brookings Institution, June 3, 2021. https://www.brookings.edu/blog/up-front/2021/06/03/why-intellectual-property-and-pandemics-dont-mix/ brett AND compared to the staggering cost of this pandemic in lives and economic damage. FramingThe standard is maximizing expected well-being, or hedonistic act utilitarianism.1~ Neuroscience- pleasure and pain are intrinsic value and disvalue – everything else regresses.Blum et al. 18 ~Kenneth Blum, 1Department of Psychiatry, Boonshoft School of Medicine, Dayton VA Medical Center, Wright State University, Dayton, OH, USA 2Department of Psychiatry, McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL, USA 3Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Keck Medicine University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA 4Division of Applied Clinical Research and Education, Dominion Diagnostics, LLC, North Kingstown, RI, USA 5Department of Precision Medicine, Geneus Health LLC, San Antonio, TX, USA 6Department of Addiction Research and Therapy, Nupathways Inc., Innsbrook, MO, USA 7Department of Clinical Neurology, Path Foundation, New York, NY, USA 8Division of Neuroscience-Based Addiction Therapy, The Shores Treatment and Recovery Center, Port Saint Lucie, FL, USA 9Institute of Psychology, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary 10Division of Addiction Research, Dominion Diagnostics, LLC. North Kingston, RI, USA 11Victory Nutrition International, Lederach, PA., USA 12National Human Genome Center at Howard University, Washington, DC., USA, Marjorie Gondré-Lewis, 12National Human Genome Center at Howard University, Washington, DC., USA 13Departments of Anatomy and Psychiatry, Howard University College of Medicine, Washington, DC US, Bruce Steinberg, 4Division of Applied Clinical Research and Education, Dominion Diagnostics, LLC, North Kingstown, RI, USA, Igor Elman, 15Department Psychiatry, Cooper University School of Medicine, Camden, NJ, USA, David Baron, 3Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Keck Medicine University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA, Edward J Modestino, 14Department of Psychology, Curry College, Milton, MA, USA, Rajendra D Badgaiyan, 15Department Psychiatry, Cooper University School of Medicine, Camden, NJ, USA, Mark S Gold 16Department of Psychiatry, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, USA, "Our evolved unique pleasure circuit makes humans different from apes: Reconsideration of data derived from animal studies", U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs, 28 February 2018, accessed: 19 August 2020, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6446569/~~ R.S. AND these circuits contribute to diverse pathologies, including obesity and addiction or RDS. 2~ Actor spec—governments must use util because they don’t have intentions and are constantly dealing with tradeoffs—outweighs since different agents have different obligations—takes out calc indicts since they are empirically denied.3~ Extinction first:A~ Future lives — trillions of future lives are lost. They are just as valuable as current ones – anything else says some lives are worth less than others which is a slippery slope to genocide.B~ Reversibility — extinction forecloses future improvement; prefer — if we’re unsure about which interpretation of the world is true, we should preserve it to figure things out.C~ Process — condemning the world to mass death causes suffering and psychological violence because people can’t get access to resources | 9/18/21 |
SO - 1AC - TRIPs v3Tournament: Jack Howe | Round: 3 | Opponent: Anya Yaksh | Judge: Gabriela Gonzalez | 9/18/21 |
SO - 1AC - TRIPs v4Tournament: Jack Howe | Round: 5 | Opponent: Vaibhav Dara | Judge: Amanda Ciocca 1AC round 5ADV – COVIDThe time to expand vaccination on a global level is now—-highly contagious mutations facilitate continued spread.Kumar 7-12 Rajeesh Kumar, Rajeesh Kumar is Associate Fellow at Manohar Parrikar Institute for Defence Studies and Analyses, New Delhi., 7-12-2021, "WTO TRIPS Waiver and COVID-19 Vaccine Equity," Manohar Paprikar Institute for Defence Studies and Analyses, https://idsa.in/issuebrief/wto-trips-waiver-covid-vaccine-rkumar-120721, EH and brett AND such barrier that prevents vaccine production in LMICs and hence its equitable distribution. That renders current vaccines ineffective—-best epidemiologists.Dransfield 21 Sarah Dransfield, 3-30-2021, "Two-thirds of epidemiologists warn mutations could render current COVID vaccines ineffective in a year or less", https://www.oxfam.org/en/press-releases/two-thirds-epidemiologists-warn-mutations-could-render-current-covid-vaccines, accessed 7/23/2021 EH and brett AND and new variants somewhere on the planet mean none of us are safe." Waiving IP protections is essential to expand manufacturing and global exports. A litany of countries possess capacity but lack know-how — the plan is key.Kumar 7-12 Rajeesh Kumar, Rajeesh Kumar is Associate Fellow at Manohar Parrikar Institute for Defence Studies and Analyses, New Delhi., 7-12-2021, "WTO TRIPS Waiver and COVID-19 Vaccine Equity," Manohar Paprikar Institute for Defence Studies and Analyses, https://idsa.in/issuebrief/wto-trips-waiver-covid-vaccine-rkumar-120721, brett AND not expedient in a public health crisis like the COVID-19 pandemic. Boosting manufacturing capacity is critical to a timely response to COVID AND ensures preparedness for future pandemics.Jecker and Atuire 21, Dr Nancy S Jecker, Department of Bioethics and Humanities, University of Washington School of Medicine. Department of Philosophy, University of Johannesburg, Auckland Park, Gauteng, South Africa. Caesar A Atuire, Department of Philosophy and Classics, University of Ghana, Accra, Accra, Ghana. All Souls College, University of Oxford, Oxford, Oxfordshire, UK. Journal of Medical Ethics 2021;47:595-598. "What’s yours is ours: waiving intellectual property protections for COVID-19 vaccines." https://jme.bmj.com/content/47/9/595 brett AND will be African—continue to import 99 of its vaccine?’18 COVID escalates every hotspot—-extinction.RECNA et al. 21, Research Center for Nuclear Weapons Abolition, Nagasaki University (RECNA), Asia Pacific Leadership Network (APLN), and the Nautilus Institute. Journal for Peace and Nuclear Disarmament Volume 4, 2021. "Pandemic Futures and Nuclear Weapon Risks: The Nagasaki 75th Anniversary pandemic-nuclear nexus scenarios final report" https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/25751654.2021.1890867 brett AND by nuclear threat, with cascading effects on the risk of nuclear war. But, the impact is not just universal—-COVID reproduces injusticesC G Nicholas Mascie-Taylor and K Moji 20, Nick Mascie-Taylor is Professor of Human Population Biology and Health and Director of Research in Global Health at the University of Cambridge, UK and a Fellow of Churchill College, Cambridge. Kazuhiko Moji is Professor of Human Ecology and the Dean of Nagasaki University School of Global Humanities and Social Sciences, and the Director of Department of Global Health at Graduate School of Tropical Medicine and Global Health. October 31-November 1, and November 14-15, 2020 (Japan Time). A Working Paper presented to The 75th Anniversary Nagasaki Nuclear-Pandemic Nexus Scenario Project "Pandemics" https://www.recna.nagasaki-u.ac.jp/recna/bd/files/Taylor'Moji'Nagasaki'WP'20201012'final.pdf brett AND , insecure employment is the main problem, and not ethnicity per se. Neocolonial dynamics limit COVID vaccines to the Global North—-that results in debt imperialism and undermines the right to health.Sharifah Sekalala 21 et al., Warwick Law School, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK. Lisa Forman, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Timothy Hodgson, International Commission of Jurists, Johannesburg, South Africa. Moses Mulumba, Center for Health, Human Rights and Development, Kampala, Uganda. Hadijah Namyalo-Ganafa, School of Law, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda. Benjamin Mason Meier, Department of Public Policy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA. BMJ Glob Health. 2021; 6(7): e006169. Published online 2021 Jul 12. "Decolonising human rights: how intellectual property laws result in unequal access to the COVID-19 vaccine" https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8277484/ brett AND depleted health systems, are forced to divert additional funds to servicing debt. Raising the threat level of COVID is key to motivate responses—-AND, when combined with our advocacy, is decolonialSara E. Davies 17. Griffith University. 2017. "Advocating Global Health Security." Global Insecurity, edited by Anthony Burke and Rita Parker, Palgrave Macmillan UK, pp. 253–272. CrossRef, doi:10.1057/978-1-349-95145-1. AND , but the appropriate institutional design for initiatives to achieve these health goals. SolvencyPlan: The member nations of the World Trade Organization ought to reduce intellectual property protections for medicines related to the prevention, containment, and treatment of COVID-19.Enforcement is done through waiving TRIPS protections and modifying relevant domestic law to ensure patent protections are reduced—-spec is delineated in the card.Jones et al. 21, Mike Jones, J.D., cum laude, Brooklyn Law School, 2014. Sean McConnell, University of Pittsburgh School of Law, J.D., 2002. Lauren Giambalvo, University of Georgia School of Law, J.D., magna cum laude, Order of the Coif, 2019; Georgia Law Review. Emily Harmon, Villanova University Charles Widger School of Law, J.D., 2020. Ipwatchdog, August 9, 2021. "What is a ‘Patent Waiver’ Anyway? Zooming Out on the TRIPS COVID IP Waiver Debate" https://www.ipwatchdog.com/2021/08/09/patent-waiver-anyway-zooming-trips-covid-ipwaiver-debate/id=136381/ brett AND enforce their U.S. patent rights in the U.S. Public funding and massive pre-purchases are superior incentives to patents in a pandemic.Lindsey 21, Brink Lindsey, Vice President @ Niskanen Center "Why intellectual property and pandemics don’t mix," Brookings Institution, June 3, 2021. https://www.brookings.edu/blog/up-front/2021/06/03/why-intellectual-property-and-pandemics-dont-mix/ brett AND compared to the staggering cost of this pandemic in lives and economic damage. Neg objections are not intuitiveHRW 6/3 Human Rights Watch, 6-3-2021, "Seven Reasons the EU is Wrong to Oppose the TRIPS Waiver," https://www.hrw.org/news/2021/06/03/seven-reasons-eu-wrong-oppose-trips-waiver///ramamurty AND eliminate the urgent need for an IP waiver to address acute supply shortages. FramingThe standard is maximizing expected well-being, or hedonistic act utilitarianism.1~ Neuroscience- pleasure and pain are intrinsic value and disvalue – everything else regresses.Blum et al. 18 ~Kenneth Blum, 1Department of Psychiatry, Boonshoft School of Medicine, Dayton VA Medical Center, Wright State University, Dayton, OH, USA 2Department of Psychiatry, McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL, USA 3Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Keck Medicine University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA 4Division of Applied Clinical Research and Education, Dominion Diagnostics, LLC, North Kingstown, RI, USA 5Department of Precision Medicine, Geneus Health LLC, San Antonio, TX, USA 6Department of Addiction Research and Therapy, Nupathways Inc., Innsbrook, MO, USA 7Department of Clinical Neurology, Path Foundation, New York, NY, USA 8Division of Neuroscience-Based Addiction Therapy, The Shores Treatment and Recovery Center, Port Saint Lucie, FL, USA 9Institute of Psychology, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary 10Division of Addiction Research, Dominion Diagnostics, LLC. North Kingston, RI, USA 11Victory Nutrition International, Lederach, PA., USA 12National Human Genome Center at Howard University, Washington, DC., USA, Marjorie Gondré-Lewis, 12National Human Genome Center at Howard University, Washington, DC., USA 13Departments of Anatomy and Psychiatry, Howard University College of Medicine, Washington, DC US, Bruce Steinberg, 4Division of Applied Clinical Research and Education, Dominion Diagnostics, LLC, North Kingstown, RI, USA, Igor Elman, 15Department Psychiatry, Cooper University School of Medicine, Camden, NJ, USA, David Baron, 3Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Keck Medicine University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA, Edward J Modestino, 14Department of Psychology, Curry College, Milton, MA, USA, Rajendra D Badgaiyan, 15Department Psychiatry, Cooper University School of Medicine, Camden, NJ, USA, Mark S Gold 16Department of Psychiatry, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, USA, "Our evolved unique pleasure circuit makes humans different from apes: Reconsideration of data derived from animal studies", U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs, 28 February 2018, accessed: 19 August 2020, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6446569/~~ R.S. AND these circuits contribute to diverse pathologies, including obesity and addiction or RDS. 2~ Actor spec—governments must use util because they don’t have intentions and are constantly dealing with tradeoffs—outweighs since different agents have different obligations—takes out calc indicts since they are empirically denied.3~ Extinction first:A~ Future lives — trillions of future lives are lost. They are just as valuable as current ones – anything else says some lives are worth less than others which is a slippery slope to genocide.B~ Reversibility — extinction forecloses future improvement; prefer — if we’re unsure about which interpretation of the world is true, we should preserve it to figure things out.C~ Process — condemning the world to mass death causes suffering and psychological violence because people can’t get access to resourcesUnderview1~ 1AR theory is legit – anything else means infinite abuse – drop the debater – 1AR is too short to make up for the time trade-off – no RVIs – 6 min 2NR can brute force me every time.2~ Use reasonability on the brightline of in-round abuse — Competing interps ensures endless theory debates — empirically proven by the overwhelming norm of competing interps and the strategic value it gives theory in LD. Reasonability is critical to ensure theory checks abusive practices that tangibly impact the debate rather than a strategic device to run from substance.Substance outweighs:It’s the most important source of portable skills—-empirics prove.Iverson ’9 ~Joel; 2009; Associate Professor of Communication at the University of Montana, Ph.D in Communication from Arizona State University Relations at the University of Sydney; Debate Central, "Can Cutting Cards Carve into Our Personal Lives: An Analysis of Debate Research on Personal Advocacy," https://debate.uvm.edu/dybvigiverson1000.html~~ brett AND of various policy proposals helps debaters to strengthen their own stance on issues. Even the most extreme forms of securitization don’t result in military interventionsMichael J. Selgelid 12, Associate Professor and Director of the Centre for Human Bioethics at Monash University, Director of a World Health Organization Collaborating Centre for Bioethics at The Australian National University, "HIV/AIDS, Security and Ethics," Chapter 3 of Ethics and Security Aspects of Infectious Disease Control: Interdisciplinary Perspectives, ed. Enemark and Selgelid, 2012 AND is at best questionable and in need of (additional) empirical justification. | 9/19/21 |
SO - 1AC - TRIPs v5Tournament: Jack Howe | Round: Doubles | Opponent: Adam Mimou | Judge: Panel 1ACADV – COVIDThe time to expand vaccination on a global level is now—-highly contagious mutations facilitate continued spread.Kumar 7-12 Rajeesh Kumar, Rajeesh Kumar is Associate Fellow at Manohar Parrikar Institute for Defence Studies and Analyses, New Delhi., 7-12-2021, "WTO TRIPS Waiver and COVID-19 Vaccine Equity," Manohar Paprikar Institute for Defence Studies and Analyses, https://idsa.in/issuebrief/wto-trips-waiver-covid-vaccine-rkumar-120721, EH and brett AND such barrier that prevents vaccine production in LMICs and hence its equitable distribution. That renders current vaccines ineffectiveDransfield 21 Sarah Dransfield, 3-30-2021, "Two-thirds of epidemiologists warn mutations could render current COVID vaccines ineffective in a year or less", https://www.oxfam.org/en/press-releases/two-thirds-epidemiologists-warn-mutations-could-render-current-covid-vaccines, accessed 7/23/2021 EH and brett AND and new variants somewhere on the planet mean none of us are safe." Waiving IP protections is essential to expand manufacturing and global exports. A litany of countries possess capacity but lack know-how — the plan is key.Kumar 7-12 Rajeesh Kumar, Rajeesh Kumar is Associate Fellow at Manohar Parrikar Institute for Defence Studies and Analyses, New Delhi., 7-12-2021, "WTO TRIPS Waiver and COVID-19 Vaccine Equity," Manohar Paprikar Institute for Defence Studies and Analyses, https://idsa.in/issuebrief/wto-trips-waiver-covid-vaccine-rkumar-120721, brett AND not expedient in a public health crisis like the COVID-19 pandemic. Boosting manufacturing capacity is critical to a timely response to COVID AND ensures preparedness for future pandemics.Jecker and Atuire 21, Dr Nancy S Jecker, Department of Bioethics and Humanities, University of Washington School of Medicine. Department of Philosophy, University of Johannesburg, Auckland Park, Gauteng, South Africa. Caesar A Atuire, Department of Philosophy and Classics, University of Ghana, Accra, Accra, Ghana. All Souls College, University of Oxford, Oxford, Oxfordshire, UK. Journal of Medical Ethics 2021;47:595-598. "What’s yours is ours: waiving intellectual property protections for COVID-19 vaccines." https://jme.bmj.com/content/47/9/595 brett AND will be African—continue to import 99 of its vaccine?’18 COVID escalates every hotspot—-extinction.RECNA et al. 21, Research Center for Nuclear Weapons Abolition, Nagasaki University (RECNA), Asia Pacific Leadership Network (APLN), and the Nautilus Institute. Journal for Peace and Nuclear Disarmament Volume 4, 2021. "Pandemic Futures and Nuclear Weapon Risks: The Nagasaki 75th Anniversary pandemic-nuclear nexus scenarios final report" https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/25751654.2021.1890867 brett AND by nuclear threat, with cascading effects on the risk of nuclear war. ADV – LegitimacyThe WTO is on the brink — the TRIPS waiver is the critical factor determining the survival of multilateral trade AND creates momentum for structural reformsMeyer 6-18 David Meyer, 6-18-2021, "The WTO’s survival hinges on the COVID-19 vaccine patent debate, waiver advocates warn – Fortune," Fortune, https://fortune.com/2021/06/18/wto-covid-vaccines-patents-waiver-south-africa-trips/amp/, EH and brett AND what are still daunting structural problems." Those problems are legion. HIV/AIDS prove legitimacy damage from patent controversy—-every bit of delay saps credibility—-now is keyBacchus 20 James Bacchus ~member of the Herbert A. Stiefel Center for Trade Policy Studies, the Distinguished University Professor of Global Affairs and director of the Center for Global Economic and Environmental Opportunity at the University of Central Florida. He was a founding judge and was twice the chairman—the chief judge—of the highest court of world trade, the Appellate Body of the World Trade Organization in Geneva, Switzerland. ~, 12-16-2020, "An Unnecessary Proposal: A WTO Waiver of Intellectual Property Rights for COVID-19 Vaccines," Cato Institute, https://www.cato.org/free-trade-bulletin/unnecessary-proposal-wto-waiver-intellectual-property-rights-covid-19-vaccines accessed 7/20/2021 EH AND take precedence over providing affordable medicines for people afflicted by a lethal disease. Perception alone solves, regardless of success, issuing the waiver is a sign of goodwill that shores up legitimacyWinslett 5-27, Gary Winslett is an associate fellow for finance and trade at the R Street Institute. He is also an assistant professor of political science at Middlebury College. May 27, 2021. National Interest, "The Political Significance of the TRIPS Waiver" https://nationalinterest.org/feature/political-significance-trips-waiver-186246 brett AND than a threat versus only 44 percent of Republicans who say the same. ====WTO authority is key to solve trade wars.==== AND "to turn every future trade dispute into its own mini trade war." Trade wars go nuclear.Hillman 18 Jonathan E. Hillman 18 ~a fellow with the Simon Chair in Political Economy at the Center for Strategic and International Studies in Washington, D.C., and a former policy adviser to the U.S. trade representative.~ 3-20-2018, "Trade Wars and Real Wars," CSIS (Center for Strategic and International Studies), https://www.csis.org/analysis/trade-wars-and-real-wars, accessed 7/27/2021 EH and brett AND Any honest reckoning of Trump’s trade policies must take these risks into account. Restoring credibility de-escalates every conflict.GEORGIA L. Hamann 9, associate in Lewis, Roca, Rothberger’s Litigation Practice Group, J.D. from Vanderbilt University Law School. May 2009, "Replacing Slingshots with Swords: Implications of the Antigua-Gambling 22.6 Panel Report for Developing Countries and the World Trading System", http://www.vanderbilt.edu/jotl/manage/wp-content/uploads/hamann-cr'final'final.pdf brett AND keenly aware of the responsibility they have to uphold the organization’s credibility.108 SolvencyPlan: The member nations of the World Trade Organization ought to reduce intellectual property protections for medicines related to the prevention, containment, and treatment of COVID-19.Enforcement is done through waiving TRIPS protections and modifying relevant domestic law to ensure patent protections are reduced—-spec is delineated in the card.Jones et al. 21, Mike Jones, J.D., cum laude, Brooklyn Law School, 2014. Sean McConnell, University of Pittsburgh School of Law, J.D., 2002. Lauren Giambalvo, University of Georgia School of Law, J.D., magna cum laude, Order of the Coif, 2019; Georgia Law Review. Emily Harmon, Villanova University Charles Widger School of Law, J.D., 2020. Ipwatchdog, August 9, 2021. "What is a ‘Patent Waiver’ Anyway? Zooming Out on the TRIPS COVID IP Waiver Debate" https://www.ipwatchdog.com/2021/08/09/patent-waiver-anyway-zooming-trips-covid-ipwaiver-debate/id=136381/ brett AND enforce their U.S. patent rights in the U.S. Public funding and massive pre-purchases are superior incentives to patents in a pandemic.Lindsey 21, Brink Lindsey, Vice President @ Niskanen Center "Why intellectual property and pandemics don’t mix," Brookings Institution, June 3, 2021. https://www.brookings.edu/blog/up-front/2021/06/03/why-intellectual-property-and-pandemics-dont-mix/ brett AND compared to the staggering cost of this pandemic in lives and economic damage. FramingThe standard is maximizing expected well-being, or hedonistic act utilitarianism.1~ Neuroscience- pleasure and pain are intrinsic value and disvalue – everything else regresses.Blum et al. 18 ~Kenneth Blum, 1Department of Psychiatry, Boonshoft School of Medicine, Dayton VA Medical Center, Wright State University, Dayton, OH, USA 2Department of Psychiatry, McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL, USA 3Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Keck Medicine University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA 4Division of Applied Clinical Research and Education, Dominion Diagnostics, LLC, North Kingstown, RI, USA 5Department of Precision Medicine, Geneus Health LLC, San Antonio, TX, USA 6Department of Addiction Research and Therapy, Nupathways Inc., Innsbrook, MO, USA 7Department of Clinical Neurology, Path Foundation, New York, NY, USA 8Division of Neuroscience-Based Addiction Therapy, The Shores Treatment and Recovery Center, Port Saint Lucie, FL, USA 9Institute of Psychology, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary 10Division of Addiction Research, Dominion Diagnostics, LLC. North Kingston, RI, USA 11Victory Nutrition International, Lederach, PA., USA 12National Human Genome Center at Howard University, Washington, DC., USA, Marjorie Gondré-Lewis, 12National Human Genome Center at Howard University, Washington, DC., USA 13Departments of Anatomy and Psychiatry, Howard University College of Medicine, Washington, DC US, Bruce Steinberg, 4Division of Applied Clinical Research and Education, Dominion Diagnostics, LLC, North Kingstown, RI, USA, Igor Elman, 15Department Psychiatry, Cooper University School of Medicine, Camden, NJ, USA, David Baron, 3Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Keck Medicine University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA, Edward J Modestino, 14Department of Psychology, Curry College, Milton, MA, USA, Rajendra D Badgaiyan, 15Department Psychiatry, Cooper University School of Medicine, Camden, NJ, USA, Mark S Gold 16Department of Psychiatry, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, USA, "Our evolved unique pleasure circuit makes humans different from apes: Reconsideration of data derived from animal studies", U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs, 28 February 2018, accessed: 19 August 2020, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6446569/~~ R.S. AND these circuits contribute to diverse pathologies, including obesity and addiction or RDS. 2~ Actor spec—governments must use util because they don’t have intentions and are constantly dealing with tradeoffs—outweighs since different agents have different obligations—takes out calc indicts since they are empirically denied.3~ Extinction first:A~ Future lives — trillions of future lives are lost. They are just as valuable as current ones – anything else says some lives are worth less than others which is a slippery slope to genocide.B~ Reversibility — extinction forecloses future improvement; prefer — if we’re unsure about which interpretation of the world is true, we should preserve it to figure things out.C~ Process — condemning the world to mass death causes suffering and psychological violence because people can’t get access to resourcesUnderview1~ Use reasonability on the brightline of in-round abuse — Competing interps ensures endless theory debates — empirically proven by the overwhelming norm of competing interps and the strategic value it gives theory in LD. Reasonability is critical to ensure theory checks abusive practices that tangibly impact the debate rather than a strategic device to run from substance.Substance outweighs:It’s the most important source of portable skills—-empirics prove.Iverson ’9 ~Joel; 2009; Associate Professor of Communication at the University of Montana, Ph.D in Communication from Arizona State University Relations at the University of Sydney; Debate Central, "Can Cutting Cards Carve into Our Personal Lives: An Analysis of Debate Research on Personal Advocacy," https://debate.uvm.edu/dybvigiverson1000.html~~ brett AND of various policy proposals helps debaters to strengthen their own stance on issues. | 9/19/21 |
SO - 1AC - TRIPs v6Tournament: Jack Howe | Round: Quarters | Opponent: Nathan Chu | Judge: Panel 1ACADV – COVIDThe time to expand vaccination on a global level is now—-highly contagious mutations facilitate continued spread.Kumar 7-12 Rajeesh Kumar, Rajeesh Kumar is Associate Fellow at Manohar Parrikar Institute for Defence Studies and Analyses, New Delhi., 7-12-2021, "WTO TRIPS Waiver and COVID-19 Vaccine Equity," Manohar Paprikar Institute for Defence Studies and Analyses, https://idsa.in/issuebrief/wto-trips-waiver-covid-vaccine-rkumar-120721, EH and brett AND such barrier that prevents vaccine production in LMICs and hence its equitable distribution. That renders current vaccines ineffective—-best epidemiologists.Dransfield 21 Sarah Dransfield, 3-30-2021, "Two-thirds of epidemiologists warn mutations could render current COVID vaccines ineffective in a year or less", https://www.oxfam.org/en/press-releases/two-thirds-epidemiologists-warn-mutations-could-render-current-covid-vaccines, accessed 7/23/2021 EH and brett AND and new variants somewhere on the planet mean none of us are safe." Waiving IP protections is essential to expand manufacturing and global exports. A litany of countries possess capacity but lack know-how — the plan is key.Kumar 7-12 Rajeesh Kumar, Rajeesh Kumar is Associate Fellow at Manohar Parrikar Institute for Defence Studies and Analyses, New Delhi., 7-12-2021, "WTO TRIPS Waiver and COVID-19 Vaccine Equity," Manohar Paprikar Institute for Defence Studies and Analyses, https://idsa.in/issuebrief/wto-trips-waiver-covid-vaccine-rkumar-120721, brett AND not expedient in a public health crisis like the COVID-19 pandemic. Boosting manufacturing capacity is critical to a timely response to COVID AND ensures preparedness for future pandemics.Jecker and Atuire 21, Dr Nancy S Jecker, Department of Bioethics and Humanities, University of Washington School of Medicine. Department of Philosophy, University of Johannesburg, Auckland Park, Gauteng, South Africa. Caesar A Atuire, Department of Philosophy and Classics, University of Ghana, Accra, Accra, Ghana. All Souls College, University of Oxford, Oxford, Oxfordshire, UK. Journal of Medical Ethics 2021;47:595-598. "What’s yours is ours: waiving intellectual property protections for COVID-19 vaccines." https://jme.bmj.com/content/47/9/595 brett AND will be African—continue to import 99 of its vaccine?’18 Only limiting IPRs allows response to variants — pharma monopoly power favors wealthy statesBeatrice Adler-Bolton and Artie Vierkant 9-13, co-hosts of the Death Panel podcast with Phil Rocco, and co-authors of the forthcoming book Health Communism: A surplus manifesto (Verso, October 2022). SEPTEMBER 13, 2021 The New Inquiry, "Pfizer Walk With Me" https://thenewinquiry.com/pfizer-walk-with-me/ brett AND a TRIPS waiver to truly confront this issue without significant additional public pressure. COVID escalates every hotspot—-extinction.RECNA et al. 21, Research Center for Nuclear Weapons Abolition, Nagasaki University (RECNA), Asia Pacific Leadership Network (APLN), and the Nautilus Institute. Journal for Peace and Nuclear Disarmament Volume 4, 2021. "Pandemic Futures and Nuclear Weapon Risks: The Nagasaki 75th Anniversary pandemic-nuclear nexus scenarios final report" https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/25751654.2021.1890867 brett AND by nuclear threat, with cascading effects on the risk of nuclear war. ADV – LegitimacyThe WTO is on the brink — the TRIPS waiver is the critical factor determining the survival of multilateral trade AND creates momentum for structural reformsMeyer 6-18 David Meyer, 6-18-2021, "The WTO’s survival hinges on the COVID-19 vaccine patent debate, waiver advocates warn – Fortune," Fortune, https://fortune.com/2021/06/18/wto-covid-vaccines-patents-waiver-south-africa-trips/amp/, EH and brett AND what are still daunting structural problems." Those problems are legion. HIV/AIDS prove legitimacy damage from patent controversy—-every bit of delay saps credibility—-now is keyBacchus 20 James Bacchus ~member of the Herbert A. Stiefel Center for Trade Policy Studies, the Distinguished University Professor of Global Affairs and director of the Center for Global Economic and Environmental Opportunity at the University of Central Florida. He was a founding judge and was twice the chairman—the chief judge—of the highest court of world trade, the Appellate Body of the World Trade Organization in Geneva, Switzerland. ~, 12-16-2020, "An Unnecessary Proposal: A WTO Waiver of Intellectual Property Rights for COVID-19 Vaccines," Cato Institute, https://www.cato.org/free-trade-bulletin/unnecessary-proposal-wto-waiver-intellectual-property-rights-covid-19-vaccines accessed 7/20/2021 EH AND take precedence over providing affordable medicines for people afflicted by a lethal disease. Perception alone solves, regardless of success, issuing the waiver is a sign of goodwill that shores up legitimacyWinslett 5-27, Gary Winslett is an associate fellow for finance and trade at the R Street Institute. He is also an assistant professor of political science at Middlebury College. May 27, 2021. National Interest, "The Political Significance of the TRIPS Waiver" https://nationalinterest.org/feature/political-significance-trips-waiver-186246 brett AND than a threat versus only 44 percent of Republicans who say the same. ====WTO authority is key to solve trade wars.==== AND "to turn every future trade dispute into its own mini trade war." Trade wars go nuclear.Hillman 18 Jonathan E. Hillman 18 ~a fellow with the Simon Chair in Political Economy at the Center for Strategic and International Studies in Washington, D.C., and a former policy adviser to the U.S. trade representative.~ 3-20-2018, "Trade Wars and Real Wars," CSIS (Center for Strategic and International Studies), https://www.csis.org/analysis/trade-wars-and-real-wars, accessed 7/27/2021 EH and brett AND Any honest reckoning of Trump’s trade policies must take these risks into account. Restoring credibility de-escalates every conflict.GEORGIA L. Hamann 9, associate in Lewis, Roca, Rothberger’s Litigation Practice Group, J.D. from Vanderbilt University Law School. May 2009, "Replacing Slingshots with Swords: Implications of the Antigua-Gambling 22.6 Panel Report for Developing Countries and the World Trading System", http://www.vanderbilt.edu/jotl/manage/wp-content/uploads/hamann-cr'final'final.pdf brett AND keenly aware of the responsibility they have to uphold the organization’s credibility.108 SolvencyPlan: The member nations of the World Trade Organization ought to reduce intellectual property protections for medicines related to the prevention, containment, and treatment of COVID-19.Enforcement is done through waiving TRIPS protections and modifying relevant domestic law to ensure patent protections are reduced—-spec is delineated in the card.Jones et al. 21, Mike Jones, J.D., cum laude, Brooklyn Law School, 2014. Sean McConnell, University of Pittsburgh School of Law, J.D., 2002. Lauren Giambalvo, University of Georgia School of Law, J.D., magna cum laude, Order of the Coif, 2019; Georgia Law Review. Emily Harmon, Villanova University Charles Widger School of Law, J.D., 2020. Ipwatchdog, August 9, 2021. "What is a ‘Patent Waiver’ Anyway? Zooming Out on the TRIPS COVID IP Waiver Debate" https://www.ipwatchdog.com/2021/08/09/patent-waiver-anyway-zooming-trips-covid-ipwaiver-debate/id=136381/ brett AND enforce their U.S. patent rights in the U.S. Public funding and massive pre-purchases are superior incentives to patents in a pandemic.Lindsey 21, Brink Lindsey, Vice President @ Niskanen Center "Why intellectual property and pandemics don’t mix," Brookings Institution, June 3, 2021. https://www.brookings.edu/blog/up-front/2021/06/03/why-intellectual-property-and-pandemics-dont-mix/ brett AND compared to the staggering cost of this pandemic in lives and economic damage. FramingThe standard is maximizing expected well-being, or hedonistic act utilitarianism.1~ Bindingness — if I put my hand on a hot stove I’d automatically pull it back before a signal is sent to my brain — proves Util is intrinsic to action2~ Actor spec—governments must use util because they don’t have intentions and are constantly dealing with tradeoffs—outweighs since different agents have different obligations—takes out calc indicts since they are empirically denied.3~ Extinction first:A~ Future lives — trillions of future lives are lost. They are just as valuable as current ones – anything else says some lives are worth less than others which is a slippery slope to genocide.B~ Reversibility — extinction forecloses future improvement; prefer — if we’re unsure about which interpretation of the world is true, we should preserve it to figure things out.Underview1~ Use reasonability on the brightline of in-round abuse — Competing interps ensures endless theory debates — empirically proven by the overwhelming norm of competing interps and the strategic value it gives theory in LD. Reasonability is critical to ensure theory checks abusive practices that tangibly impact the debate rather than a strategic device to run from substance.Substance outweighs:It’s the most important source of portable skills—-empirics prove.Iverson ’9 ~Joel; 2009; Associate Professor of Communication at the University of Montana, Ph.D in Communication from Arizona State University Relations at the University of Sydney; Debate Central, "Can Cutting Cards Carve into Our Personal Lives: An Analysis of Debate Research on Personal Advocacy," https://debate.uvm.edu/dybvigiverson1000.html~~ brett AND of various policy proposals helps debaters to strengthen their own stance on issues. | 9/20/21 |
SO - 1AC - TRIPs v7Tournament: Nano Nagle | Round: 2 | Opponent: Arnav Garg | Judge: NIck Fleming 1AC round 2 – Nano Nagle1AC1AC — COVIDAdvantage 1: COVIDThe time to expand global vaccination is now—-otherwise mutations render current vaccines ineffective.Kumar 7-12 Rajeesh Kumar, Rajeesh Kumar is Associate Fellow at Manohar Parrikar Institute for Defence Studies and Analyses, New Delhi., 7-12-2021, "WTO TRIPS Waiver and COVID-19 Vaccine Equity," Manohar Paprikar Institute for Defence Studies and Analyses, https://idsa.in/issuebrief/wto-trips-waiver-covid-vaccine-rkumar-120721, EH and brett AND such barrier that prevents vaccine production in LMICs and hence its equitable distribution. Waiving IP protections is essential to expand manufacturing and global exports. A litany of countries possess capacity but lack know-how — the plan is key.Kumar 7-12 Rajeesh Kumar, Rajeesh Kumar is Associate Fellow at Manohar Parrikar Institute for Defence Studies and Analyses, New Delhi., 7-12-2021, "WTO TRIPS Waiver and COVID-19 Vaccine Equity," Manohar Paprikar Institute for Defence Studies and Analyses, https://idsa.in/issuebrief/wto-trips-waiver-covid-vaccine-rkumar-120721, brett AND not expedient in a public health crisis like the COVID-19 pandemic. Boosting manufacturing capacity is critical to a timely responseJecker and Atuire 21, Dr Nancy S Jecker, Department of Bioethics and Humanities, University of Washington School of Medicine. Department of Philosophy, University of Johannesburg, Auckland Park, Gauteng, South Africa. Caesar A Atuire, Department of Philosophy and Classics, University of Ghana, Accra, Accra, Ghana. All Souls College, University of Oxford, Oxford, Oxfordshire, UK. Journal of Medical Ethics 2021;47:595-598. "What’s yours is ours: waiving intellectual property protections for COVID-19 vaccines." https://jme.bmj.com/content/47/9/595 brett AND will be African—continue to import 99 of its vaccine?’18 Only limiting IPRs allows response to variants — pharma monopoly power favors wealthy statesBeatrice Adler-Bolton and Artie Vierkant 9-13, co-hosts of the Death Panel podcast with Phil Rocco, and co-authors of the forthcoming book Health Communism: A surplus manifesto (Verso, October 2022). SEPTEMBER 13, 2021 The New Inquiry, "Pfizer Walk With Me" https://thenewinquiry.com/pfizer-walk-with-me/ brett AND a TRIPS waiver to truly confront this issue without significant additional public pressure. COVID escalates every hotspot—-extinction.RECNA et al. 21, Research Center for Nuclear Weapons Abolition, Nagasaki University (RECNA), Asia Pacific Leadership Network (APLN), and the Nautilus Institute. Journal for Peace and Nuclear Disarmament Volume 4, 2021. "Pandemic Futures and Nuclear Weapon Risks: The Nagasaki 75th Anniversary pandemic-nuclear nexus scenarios final report" https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/25751654.2021.1890867 brett AND by nuclear threat, with cascading effects on the risk of nuclear war. 1AC — LegitimacyAdvantage 2: LegitimacyThe WTO is on the brink — the TRIPS waiver is the critical factor determining the survival of multilateral trade AND creates momentum for structural reformsMeyer 6-18 David Meyer, 6-18-2021, "The WTO’s survival hinges on the COVID-19 vaccine patent debate, waiver advocates warn – Fortune," Fortune, https://fortune.com/2021/06/18/wto-covid-vaccines-patents-waiver-south-africa-trips/amp/, EH and brett AND what are still daunting structural problems." Those problems are legion. HIV/AIDS prove legitimacy damage from patent controversy—-every bit of delay saps credibility—-now is keyBacchus 20 James Bacchus ~member of the Herbert A. Stiefel Center for Trade Policy Studies, the Distinguished University Professor of Global Affairs and director of the Center for Global Economic and Environmental Opportunity at the University of Central Florida. He was a founding judge and was twice the chairman—the chief judge—of the highest court of world trade, the Appellate Body of the World Trade Organization in Geneva, Switzerland.~, 12-16-2020, "An Unnecessary Proposal: A WTO Waiver of Intellectual Property Rights for COVID-19 Vaccines," Cato Institute, https://www.cato.org/free-trade-bulletin/unnecessary-proposal-wto-waiver-intellectual-property-rights-covid-19-vaccines accessed 7/20/2021 EH AND take precedence over providing affordable medicines for people afflicted by a lethal disease. Perception alone solves, regardless of success, issuing the waiver is a sign of goodwill that shores up legitimacyWinslett 5-27, Gary Winslett is an associate fellow for finance and trade at the R Street Institute. He is also an assistant professor of political science at Middlebury College. May 27, 2021. National Interest, "The Political Significance of the TRIPS Waiver" https://nationalinterest.org/feature/political-significance-trips-waiver-186246 brett AND than a threat versus only 44 percent of Republicans who say the same. The new Director General is focusing on sustainable development — initiating a COVID response provides an early win that builds momentum before the next Ministerial Conference in 2 months.Ossa and Blange-Gubbay 21, Michael Blange-Gubbay, Senior Research Fellow at the Kühne Center for Sustainable Globalization at the University of Zurich. Ralph Ossa Director of the Kühne Center for Sustainable Globalization at the University of Zurich; Kühne Foundation Professor of International Trade. IMPACT SERIES: 02–21. "A New Hope for the WTO?" https://www.kuehnecenter.uzh.ch/impact'series/2021'03'17-02-21-a'new'hope'for'the'wto.html brett AND of the fact that the EU was a strong sup¬port¬er of her can¬di¬da¬cy. That’s key to offset the costs of globalization — getting the ball rolling on cooperation is key — independently solves extinction from warming.Sutton and Green 20, Trevor Sutton is a fellow for National Security and International Policy at the Center for American Progress. Andy Green is managing director of Economic Policy at the Center for American Progress. Center for American Progress, July 29, 2020, 12:01 am. "WTO Reform Must Start at the Top" https://www.americanprogress.org/issues/economy/news/2020/07/29/488261/wto-reform-must-start-top/ brett AND of separate international labor, environmental, currency, and other relevant standards. Unsustainable globalization causes rising inequality and right-wing populism—-locks in slow growth, polarization, and global warFlaherty and Rogowski 21 ~Thomas M. Flaherty is a PhD candidate and NSF Graduate Fellow at the University of California, San Diego. He can be reached at t1flaher@ucsd.edu. Ronald Rogowski is Distinguished Professor of Political Science at the University of California, Los Angeles, and Weatherhead Scholar at Harvard University (2019–2021). "Rising Inequality As a Threat to the Liberal International Order." https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/international-organization/article/rising-inequality-as-a-threat-to-the-liberal-international-order/4CDE05DEB3AB076CE338E1AA4A9C8087~~ AND ), increased political polarization, and even a heightened risk of international conflict. WTO credibility de-escalates every conflict — loss of credibility tips every flashpoint.GEORGIA L. Hamann 9, associate in Lewis, Roca, Rothberger’s Litigation Practice Group, J.D. from Vanderbilt University Law School. May 2009, "Replacing Slingshots with Swords: Implications of the Antigua-Gambling 22.6 Panel Report for Developing Countries and the World Trading System", http://www.vanderbilt.edu/jotl/manage/wp-content/uploads/hamann-cr'final'final.pdf brett AND keenly aware of the responsibility they have to uphold the organization’s credibility.108 1AC — SolvencyPlan: The member nations of the World Trade Organization ought to reduce intellectual property protections for medicines related to the prevention, containment, and treatment of COVID-19.Enforcement is done through waiving TRIPS protections and modifying relevant domestic law to ensure patent protections are reduced—-spec is delineated in the card.Jones et al. 21, Mike Jones, J.D., cum laude, Brooklyn Law School, 2014. Sean McConnell, University of Pittsburgh School of Law, J.D., 2002. Lauren Giambalvo, University of Georgia School of Law, J.D., magna cum laude, Order of the Coif, 2019; Georgia Law Review. Emily Harmon, Villanova University Charles Widger School of Law, J.D., 2020. Ipwatchdog, August 9, 2021. "What is a ‘Patent Waiver’ Anyway? Zooming Out on the TRIPS COVID IP Waiver Debate" https://www.ipwatchdog.com/2021/08/09/patent-waiver-anyway-zooming-trips-covid-ipwaiver-debate/id=136381/ brett AND enforce their U.S. patent rights in the U.S. Public funding and massive pre-purchases are superior incentives to patents in a pandemic.Lindsey 21, Brink Lindsey, Vice President @ Niskanen Center "Why intellectual property and pandemics don’t mix," Brookings Institution, June 3, 2021. https://www.brookings.edu/blog/up-front/2021/06/03/why-intellectual-property-and-pandemics-dont-mix/ brett AND compared to the staggering cost of this pandemic in lives and economic damage. 1AC — FramingThe standard is maximizing expected well-being, or hedonistic act utilitarianism.1~ Bindingness — if I put my hand on a hot stove I’d automatically pull it back before a signal is sent to my brain — proves Util is intrinsic to action2~ Actor spec—governments must use util because they don’t have intentions and are constantly dealing with tradeoffs—outweighs since different agents have different obligations—takes out calc indicts since they are empirically denied.3~ Extinction first:A~ Future lives — trillions of future lives are lost. They are just as valuable as current ones – anything else says some lives are worth less than others which is a slippery slope to genocide.B~ Reversibility — extinction forecloses future improvement; prefer — if we’re unsure about which interpretation of the world is true, we should preserve it to figure things out.1AC — Underview1~ 1AR theory is legit – anything else means infinite abuse – drop the debater – 1AR is too short to make up for the time trade-off – no RVIs – 6 min 2NR can brute force me every time.2~ Use reasonability on the brightline of in-round abuse — Competing interps ensures endless theory debates — empirically proven by the overwhelming norm of competing interps and the strategic value it gives theory in LD. Reasonability is critical to ensure theory checks abusive practices that tangibly impact the debate rather than a strategic device to run from substance. | 10/9/21 |
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