| Tournament | Round | Opponent | Judge | Cites | Round Report | Open Source | Edit/Delete |
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| F-35 Lightning II Multirole Fighter Program | 1 | DOD Budget Cuts | Congress |
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| Greenhill | 1 | Eagan AE | Jack Quisenberry |
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| Greenhill | 4 | Harrison JP | Varad Agarwala |
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| Greenhill | 5 | Strake Jesuit ZD | Eric Melin |
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| Greenhill | Octas | Harker AS | Chris Castillo, Felicity Park, David Dosch |
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| Greenhill RR | 1 | Westwood PM | Quentin Clark, Claudia Ribera |
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| Greenhill RR | 3 | Immaculate Heart BC | Elijah Smith, John Sims |
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| Loyola | 3 | Strake Jesuit JS | Gordon Krauss |
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| Loyola | 2 | Solebury LM | Derek Hilligoss |
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| Loyola | 5 | Millard North NL | David Dosch |
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| TDI Camp Tournament | 5 | Wheel AB | Julian Anderson |
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| TDI Camp Tournament | 1 | TGL SS | Arjun Garg |
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| TDI Camp Tournament | 4 | Larpers BF | Felicity Park |
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| TDI Camp Tournament | Quarters | Larpers JL | Azi Hormozdiari, Andrew Gong, Julian Kuffour |
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| Tournament | Round | Report |
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| Greenhill | 1 | Opponent: Eagan AE | Judge: Jack Quisenberry ac soft left covid |
| Greenhill | 4 | Opponent: Harrison JP | Judge: Varad Agarwala ac fem |
| Greenhill | 5 | Opponent: Strake Jesuit ZD | Judge: Eric Melin ac debate bad |
| Greenhill | Octas | Opponent: Harker AS | Judge: Chris Castillo, Felicity Park, David Dosch ac trade secrets |
| Greenhill RR | 1 | Opponent: Westwood PM | Judge: Quentin Clark, Claudia Ribera ac biopiracy |
| Greenhill RR | 3 | Opponent: Immaculate Heart BC | Judge: Elijah Smith, John Sims ac genomics |
| Loyola | 3 | Opponent: Strake Jesuit JS | Judge: Gordon Krauss ac kant w covid advantage |
| Loyola | 2 | Opponent: Solebury LM | Judge: Derek Hilligoss ac topical marxism |
| Loyola | 5 | Opponent: Millard North NL | Judge: David Dosch ac covid |
| TDI Camp Tournament | 5 | Opponent: Wheel AB | Judge: Julian Anderson ac mining |
| TDI Camp Tournament | 1 | Opponent: TGL SS | Judge: Arjun Garg ac technocracy |
| TDI Camp Tournament | 4 | Opponent: Larpers BF | Judge: Felicity Park ac exploration |
| TDI Camp Tournament | Quarters | Opponent: Larpers JL | Judge: Azi Hormozdiari, Andrew Gong, Julian Kuffour ac mining |
To modify or delete round reports, edit the associated round.
Cites
| Entry | Date |
|---|---|
0 - Contact InfoTournament: F-35 Lightning II Multirole Fighter Program | Round: 1 | Opponent: DOD Budget Cuts | Judge: Congress FB: Max Perin (friend request first though bc I'm terrible at remembering to look at message requests) | 7/23/21 |
1 - T - FWTournament: Greenhill | Round: 5 | Opponent: Strake Jesuit ZD | Judge: Eric Melin Interp and Violation: The affirmative must only defend that member nations of the WTO ought to reduce intellectual property protections for medicines and may only garner offense from the hypothetical implementation of the plan – they don't."Resolved" requires a policy.Merriam Webster '18 (Merriam Webster; 2018 Edition; Online dictionary and legal resource; Merriam Webster, "resolve," https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/resolve; RP)
Member nations of the WTO are the 164 countrieshttps://www.wto.org/english/thewto_e/whatis_e/tif_e/org6_e.htm Medicines prevent, diagnose, or treat disease and injuryMRS 20 ~(MAINE REVENUE SERVICE SALES, FUEL and SPECIAL TAX DIVISION) "A REFERENCE GUIDE TO THE SALES AND USE TAX LAW" https://www.maine.gov/revenue/sites/maine.gov.revenue/files/inline-files/Reference20Guide202020.pdf December 2020~ SS Intellectual property includes four thingsBrewer 19 ~(Trevor, advises clients on business structuring and sale transactions, regulatory compliance, third-party contracts, liability protection and general matters facing small business owners. His focus extends beyond legal advice and includes business strategy and wealth preservation.) "WHAT ARE THE FOUR BASIC TYPES OF INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS?" Brewer Long, 5/16/19. https://brewerlong.com/information/business-law/four-types-of-intellectual-property/~~ RR Vote neg:1~ Fairness – post facto topic adjustment structurally favors the aff by manipulating the balance of prep. They can specialize in 1 area of literature for 4 years which gives them a huge edge over people switching topics every 2 months and locks us into a predictable null set of monolithic criticisms that are susceptible to the perm. Fairness is an impact - a~ it's an intrinsic good – debate is fundamentally a game and some level of competitive equity is necessary to sustain the activity which they've ceded validity to by participating, b~ probability – individual ballots can't alter subjectivity even if long term clash over a season can, but they can rectify skews which means the only immediate impact to a ballot is fairness and deciding who wins, c~ it internal link turns every impact – a limited topic promotes in-depth research and engagement which is necessary to access all of their education2~ Clash – argumentative testing along a stable tether and SSD are good – they force debaters to consider a controversial issue from multiple perspectives through nuanced 3rd and 4th level testing that only occurs alongside a stasis point for preparation. Non-T affs allow individuals to establish their own metrics for what they want to debate leading to ideological dogmatism – our argument is that the process of defending and answering proposals against a well-researched opponent is a benefit of engaging the topic regardless of the truth value of those proposals.Use competing interps – topicality is question of models of debate which they should have to proactively justify and we'll win reasonability links to our offense.They can't weigh the case—lack of preround prep means their truth claims are untested which you should presume false—they're also only winning case because we couldn't engage with itNo impact turns—exclusions are inevitable because we only have 45 minutes so it's best to draw those exclusions along reciprocal lines to ensure a role for the negative | 9/19/21 |
2 - K - BerlantTournament: Greenhill | Round: 5 | Opponent: Strake Jesuit ZD | Judge: Eric Melin The 1ac is a form of sentimental politics—wherein empathetic identification will reshape the world and actualize ethics of care—this only produces pain as a prophylactic from our violence towards otherness and is fundamentally reliant on an economy of victimization.Berlant 98 /Lauren, George M. Pullman Professor, Department of English, University of Chicago, "Poor Eliza," American Literature, Vol. 70, No. 3, No More Separate Spheres! (Sep., 1998), Duke University Press, pg. 635-668/ Their attachment to the past reinscribes the suffering they attempt to solve for because their movement necessitates that trauma to sustain their identity. This locks identity into a frame of impotence resulting in an endless cycle of revenge and ressentimentBrown 93 (Wendy L. Brown is a professor of Political Science at the University of California, Berkeley. Wounded Attachments, Political Theory, Vol. 21, No. 3 (Aug., 1993), accessed via sage ~pgs.402-405~) Instead we must refuse the politics of liberalism and its accompanying economization of injury and suffering—our politics does not ignore the violence of the world, but rather refuses those particular representations and values which frame violence in favor of a politics of sensuous lifeAbbas 10 /Asma, Professor and Division Head in Social Studies, Political Science, Philosophy at the Liebowitz Center for International Studies at Bard College at Simon's Rock, Liberalism and Human Suffering: Materialist Reflections on Politics, Ethics, and Aesthetics, London: Palgrave Macmillan, pg. Pg. 183 - 187/ | 9/19/21 |
3 - IT - Cap GoodTournament: Loyola | Round: 2 | Opponent: Solebury LM | Judge: Derek Hilligoss Tech innovation undergirded by profit motives are driving the Second Machine Age, which dematerializes capitalism and makes growth a sustainable necessityThis ev is v v v long but it's amazing – answers basically every aff arg No limits to growth—-their models ignore key feedback effects.Lynch 16—President of Strategic Energy and Economic Consulting, Director of Asian Energy and Security at the Center for International Studies at MIT, and a Lecturer at Tufts and Vienna University ~Michael, The "peak oil" scare and the coming oil flood, p. 63-74~ Free market capitalism has drastically improved the world.Empirical education in child mortality and increase in life expectancy, development of tech innovation in the private market k2 medical advances, food production increased with agriculture tech green revolution, also decreased armed conflicts Energy poverty—-that disproportionately impacts vulnerable communities.NBCC 15—National Black Chamber of Commerce ~"POTENTIAL IMPACT OF PROPOSED EPA REGULATIONS ON LOW INCOME GROUPS AND MINORITIES," June, p. 85-99, http://www.ieca-us.com/wp-content/uploads/NBCC_Minority-Impacts-Report-June-2015-Final.pdf~~ | 9/7/21 |
3 - IT - Terrorism GoodTournament: Greenhill | Round: Doubles | Opponent: Loyola AP | Judge: Rodrigo Paramo, Nick Fleming, Felicity Park No terminal to terror outside of pandemic instability – we'll impact turn it—ensures nanotech innovation that enables rapid detection and neutralization of future biological attacksTaeyjuana Curry PhD, 3-10-2016, ~phd in physics@umich~ "Nanoparticles – 5 Ways These "Little Fighters" Are Making a Big Impact in the War on Terrorism," Sustainable Nano, http://sustainable-nano.com/2016/03/10/nanoparticles-war-on-terrorism/ RE Bioweapons cause extinction and are coming nowMillett 17. Millett, Ph.D., Senior Research Fellow, Future of Humanity Institute, University of Oxford; and Snyder-Beattie, M.S., Director of Research, Future of Humanity Institute, University of Oxford. 08-01-2017. "Existential Risk and Cost-Effective Biosecurity," Health Security, 15(4), PubMed | 9/19/21 |
3 - NC - UtilTournament: Loyola | Round: 3 | Opponent: Strake Jesuit JS | Judge: Gordon Krauss Synthetic a posteriori moral naturalism is the basis of ethics:A~ The normative supervenes on the natural – natural facts like whether brains develop to permit rationality or subjectivity determine whether non naturalist moral facts can be premised on things like capacity for reasonLutz and Lenman 18. Lutz, Matthew and Lenman, James, "Moral Naturalism", The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (Fall 2018 Edition), Edward N. Zalta (ed.), URL = https://plato.stanford.edu/archives/fall2018/entries/naturalism-moral/. Massa That outweighs – controversy prevents acting on moral laws, but lack of philosophical controversy on the correlation between moral and natural facts indicates naturalism guides action.B~ The problem of disagreement – resolving a priori conflicts requires indicting the epistemological basis of one's judgement with a reliable process for deriving moral truths which is impossible given widespread moral disagreement about non verifiable a priori truth – grounding ethics with verifiable natural facts solveCopp 7, D. Why Naturalism? Morality in a Natural World, 33–54. doi:10.1017/cbo9780511497940.003 Massa Next, phenomenal introspection can bridge the gap from experiential natural facts to moral truths and necessitates hedonism. When I observe a lemon's yellowness shifting my visual fields from darker to lighter shades, I can introspect on that experience and identify brightness as an intrinsic property of seeing a lemon. Similarly, when I feel pleasure, I can introspect on the shift in hedonic tones and identify that goodness is an intrinsic property of the pleasure that was increased.This connection between pain and pleasure and phenomenal conceptions of intrinsic value and disvalue is irrefutable – everything else regresses – robust neuroscience proves.Blum et al. 18 Kenneth Blum, 1Department of Psychiatry, Boonshoft School of Medicine, Dayton VA Medical Center, Wright State University, Dayton, OH, USA 2Department of Psychiatry, McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL, USA 3Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Keck Medicine University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA 4Division of Applied Clinical Research and Education, Dominion Diagnostics, LLC, North Kingstown, RI, USA 5Department of Precision Medicine, Geneus Health LLC, San Antonio, TX, USA 6Department of Addiction Research and Therapy, Nupathways Inc., Innsbrook, MO, USA 7Department of Clinical Neurology, Path Foundation, New York, NY, USA 8Division of Neuroscience-Based Addiction Therapy, The Shores Treatment and Recovery Center, Port Saint Lucie, FL, USA 9Institute of Psychology, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary 10Division of Addiction Research, Dominion Diagnostics, LLC. North Kingston, RI, USA 11Victory Nutrition International, Lederach, PA., USA 12National Human Genome Center at Howard University, Washington, DC., USA, Marjorie Gondré-Lewis, 12National Human Genome Center at Howard University, Washington, DC., USA 13Departments of Anatomy and Psychiatry, Howard University College of Medicine, Washington, DC US, Bruce Steinberg, 4Division of Applied Clinical Research and Education, Dominion Diagnostics, LLC, North Kingstown, RI, USA, Igor Elman, 15Department Psychiatry, Cooper University School of Medicine, Camden, NJ, USA, David Baron, 3Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Keck Medicine University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA, Edward J Modestino, 14Department of Psychology, Curry College, Milton, MA, USA, Rajendra D Badgaiyan, 15Department Psychiatry, Cooper University School of Medicine, Camden, NJ, USA, Mark S Gold 16Department of Psychiatry, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, USA, "Our evolved unique pleasure circuit makes humans different from apes: Reconsideration of data derived from animal studies", U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs, 28 February 2018, accessed: 19 August 2020, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6446569/, R.S. Finally, the Darwinian dilemma proves the failure of every non utilitarian ethic and proves the accuracy of phenomenal introspection. Moral beliefs we hold have shifted over time and as humanity evolved which means either moral facts have changed with evolution, which contradicts the basic tenants of moral realism, or evolution has randomly led us to identify the external moral truths. This is statistically impossible since evolution doesn't track morality – there is no evolutionary pressure to identify moral truths that have no bearing on natural features of the world that impact survival and reproduction.Hedonism escapes this dilemma through the byproduct hypothesis. It is evolutionarily advantageous to have accuracy in our ability to introspect on experiences. The part of the brain that identifies intrinsic features of the experiential data provided by our eyes or ears, such as whether one sees or smells food or a predator, is the same part of the brain that introspects on hedonic tones and identifies their moral relevance. The ability to correctly identify moral truths is evolutionarily advantageous if that ability is a byproduct of a different trait that enables survival and reproduction.Thus, the standard is consistency with hedonic act utilitarianism. Prefer it:1~ Actor specificity –A~ Aggregation – every policy benefits some and harms others, which also means side constraints freeze action.B~ No intent-foresight distinction for governments – deliberating over an action requires analysis of foreseen consequences which could be prevented which makes them intrinsic to state actionC~ Governments aren't singular rational agents which makes theories about individuals irrelevant – only consequentialism solves by analyzing ends divorced from an actor3~ Extinction comes first – moral theories convergePummer 15 ~Theron, Junior Research Fellow in Philosophy at St. Anne's College, University of Oxford. "Moral Agreement on Saving the World" Practical Ethics, University of Oxford. May 18, 2015~ AT | 9/4/21 |
SO - CP - Adv vs GenomicsTournament: Greenhill RR | Round: 3 | Opponent: Immaculate Heart BC | Judge: Elijah Smith, John Sims | 9/17/21 |
SO - CP - Chinese DistributionTournament: Greenhill | Round: 1 | Opponent: Eagan AE | Judge: Jack Quisenberry CP: The People's Republic of China should:- substantially increase production and global distribution of the COVID-19 Vaccine- cooperate with allies to achieve increased production and global distribution of the COVID-19 Vaccine.That solves better – IP rights don't hinder vaccine cooperation, but manufacturing capacity is the current constraint.Evidence is in the context of a us proposal but could be modeled for any country with wide access China's using absence of vaccine alternates to assert influence.Zhao 4-29 Suisheng Zhao 4-29-2021 "Why China's vaccine diplomacy is winning" https://www.eastasiaforum.org/2021/04/29/why-chinas-vaccine-diplomacy-is-winning/ (Professor and Director of the Center for China–US Cooperation at the Josef Korbel School of International Studies, University of Denver)Elmer Waivers are a critical issue in the perceptual ineptness of America and the West.Pratt and Levin 4-29 Simon Frankel Pratt and Jamie Levin 4-29-2021 "Vaccines Will Shape the New Geopolitical Order" https://archive.is/OgDcA~~#selection-847.23-857.11 (Simon Frankel Pratt is a lecturer in the School of Sociology, Politics, and International Studies at the University of Bristol. Jamie Levin is an assistant professor of political science at St. Francis Xavier University in Canada.)Elmer Chinese leadership solves existential threats.Yamei 18 Shen Yamei 18, Deputy Director and Associate Research Fellow of Department for American Studies, China Institute of International Studies, 1-9-2018, "Probing into the "Chinese Solution" for the Transformation of Global Governance," CAIFC, http://www.caifc.org.cn/en/content.aspx?id=4491 Solves case – China vaccinates the world.Mallapaty 6-9 Smriti Mallapaty 6-9-2021 "China is vaccinating a staggering 20 million people a day" https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-021-01545-3 (She has a master of science degree in environmental technology from Imperial College London.)Elmer | 9/18/21 |
SO - CP - Compulsory Licensing vs CovidTournament: Loyola | Round: 3 | Opponent: Strake Jesuit JS | Judge: Gordon Krauss CP: Member nations of the should declare Covid 19 a national emergency on the basis of pandemics harms and issue compulsory licenses for relevant medicines. Member nations should offer regulatory and legal assistance to nations filing a compulsory license.The national emergency declaration matters because normally invocation of compulsory licenses requires an attempt to negotiate a voluntary license first. Invoking national emergency bypasses this Compulsory licensing solves access- empirics and past precedentAT: Can't manufacture—can import from foreign firms It's goldilocks - protects patents while allowing urgent access – the perm or the aff shatters IP protections which crushes innovation while the CP strikes an accepted balanceBacchus 2020 (James, Adjunct Fellow, Cato Institute, former U.S. Representative (D-FL), and former Chairman, World Trade Organization's Appellate Body. "An Unnecessary Proposal: A WTO Waiver of Intellectual Property Rights for COVID-19 Vaccines," Cato https://www.cato.org/free-trade-bulletin/unnecessary-proposal-wto-waiver-intellectual-property-rights-covid-19-vaccines~~#balancing-ip-rights-access-medicines-not-new-wto December 16, 2020)DR 21 Biotech industry strong now – new innovation and RandD coming – prefer our innovation ev – newer and assumes innovatiuon from covid which their ev doesn't – AC Gurgula is just evergreening bad which applies to small percentage of medicinesCancherini et al. 4/30 ~Laura, Engagement Manager @ McKinsey and Company, Joseph Lydon, Associate Partner @ McKinsey and Company, Jorge Santos Da Silva, Senior Partner at McKinsey and Company, and Alexandra Zemp, Partner at McKinsey and Company~ "What's ahead for biotech: Another wave or low tide?", McKinsey and Company, 4-30-2021, https://www.mckinsey.com/industries/pharmaceuticals-and-medical-products/our-insights/whats-ahead-for-biotech-another-wave-or-low-tide ajs Plan destroys innovationMercurio 2/12 (Bryan Mercurio, ~Simon F.S. Li Professor of Law at the Chinese University of Hong Kong (CUHK), having served as Associate Dean (Research) from 2010-14 and again from 2017-19. Professor Mercurio specialises in international economic law (IEL), with particular expertise in the intersection between trade law and intellectual property rights, free trade agreements, trade in services, dispute settlement and increasingly international investment law.~, 2-12-2021, "WTO Waiver from Intellectual Property Protection for COVID-19 Vaccines and Treatments: A Critical Review", No Publication, accessed: 8-8-2021, https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3789820) ajs
A thriving and innovating biopharmaceutical sector is key to prevent future pandemics and bioterror.Marjanovic and Feijao 20 ~(Sonja Marjanovic, Ph.D., Judge Business School, University of Cambridge. Carolina Feijao, Ph.D. in biochemistry, University of Cambridge; M.Sc. in quantitative biology, Imperial College London; B.Sc. in biology, University of Lisbon.) "How to Best Enable Pharma Innovation Beyond the COVID-19 Crisis," RAND Corporation, 05-2020, https://www.rand.org/pubs/perspectives/PEA407-1.html~~ TDI Bioterror coming now and causes extinction – the tech exists and overcomes their impact defenseMillett and Snyder-Beattie '17 ~(Piers Millett: Ph.D., Senior Research Fellow, Future of Humanity Institute, University of Oxford. Andrew Snyder-Beattie: M.S., Director of Research, Future of Humanity Institute, University of Oxford.) " Existential Risk and Cost-Effective Biosecurity," Health Security, 15(4), 08-01-2017, https://www.liebertpub.com/doi/full/10.1089/hs.2017.0028~~ TDI | 9/4/21 |
SO - CP - Compulsory Licensing vs MarxismTournament: Loyola | Round: 2 | Opponent: Solebury LM | Judge: Derek Hilligoss CP: "Member nations of the WTO" should declare medical inequality a national emergency on the basis of oppression and issue compulsory licenses for relevant medicines. Member nations should offer regulatory and legal assistance to nations filing a compulsory license.The national emergency declaration matters because normally invocation of compulsory licenses requires an attempt to negotiate a voluntary license first. Invoking national emergency bypasses this It's goldilocks - protects patents while allowing urgent access – the perm or the aff shatters IP protections while the CP strikes an accepted balanceBacchus 2020 (James, Adjunct Fellow, Cato Institute, former U.S. Representative (D-FL), and former Chairman, World Trade Organization's Appellate Body. "An Unnecessary Proposal: A WTO Waiver of Intellectual Property Rights for COVID-19 Vaccines," Cato https://www.cato.org/free-trade-bulletin/unnecessary-proposal-wto-waiver-intellectual-property-rights-covid-19-vaccines~~#balancing-ip-rights-access-medicines-not-new-wto December 16, 2020)DR 21 Compulsory licensing solves access and spills over to distribution of green tech - empirics and past precedentAT: Can't manufacture—can import from foreign firms Diffusion occurs and solves climate. The issue is inexperience and lack of political willAt: WTO backlash- CL for climate now, just from U.S. Balancing patent protection with rapid transfer of green tech is the only way to solve climate changeProbst et al. 2021 (Benedict Probst, University of Cambridge. PhD on economics of clean energy transition from the University of Cambridge. Simon Touboul, MINES Paris Tech, PSL University, Matthieu Glachant MINES ParisTech and Antoine Dechezleprête, OECD. "Global Trends in the Innovation and Diffusion of Climate Change Mitigation Technologies," pre-print under review in Nature Portfolio. https://www.researchsquare.com/article/rs-266803/v1 Last updated Feb. 2021)DR 21 Short-term action to mitigate climate change solves extinction and nuclear warPester 8/30/21 (Patrick, staff writer for Live Science. His background is in wildlife conservation and he has worked with endangered species around the world. Patrick holds a master's degree in international journalism from Cardiff University in the U.K. and is currently finishing a second master's degree in biodiversity, evolution and conservation in action at Middlesex University London. Citing Luke Kemp, a research associate at the Centre for the Study of Existential Risk at the University of Cambridge in the United Kingdom AND Michael Mann, PhD, distinguished professor of atmospheric science at Penn State. "Could climate change make humans go extinct?" https://www.livescience.com/climate-change-humans-extinct.html August 30, 2021)DR 21 | 9/7/21 |
SO - CP - Consult WHOTournament: Greenhill | Round: 1 | Opponent: Eagan AE | Judge: Jack Quisenberry CP: The member nations of the World Trade Organization should enter into a prior and binding consultation with the World Health Organization over whether to reduce intellectual property protections for medicines by eliminating them in the case of Global Public Health Emergencies. Member nations should support the proposal and adopt the results of consultation.WHO says yes – it supports increasing the availability of generics and limiting TRIPSHoen 03 ~(Ellen T., researcher at the University Medical Centre at the University of Groningen, The Netherlands who has been listed as one of the 50 most influential people in intellectual property by the journal Managing Intellectual Property, PhD from the University of Groningen) "TRIPS, Pharmaceutical Patents and Access to Essential Medicines: Seattle, Doha and Beyond," Chicago Journal of International Law, 2003~ JL Consultation boosts strong leadership, authority, and cohesion among member states – key to WHO legitimacyGostin et al 15 ~(Lawrence O., Linda D. and Timothy J. O'Neill Professor of Global Health Law at Georgetown University, Faculty Director of the O'Neill Institute for National and Global Health Law, Director of the World Health Organization Collaborating Center on Public Health Law and Human Rights, JD from Duke University) "The Normative Authority of the World Health Organization," Georgetown University Law Center, 5/2/2015~ JL WHO is critical to disease prevention – it is the only international institution that can disperse information, standardize global public health, and facilitate public-private cooperationMurtugudde 20 ~(Raghu, professor of atmospheric and oceanic science at the University of Maryland, PhD in mechanical engineering from Columbia University) "Why We Need the World Health Organization Now More Than Ever," Science, 4/19/2020~ JL WHO diplomacy solves great power conflictMurphy 20 ~(Chris, U.S. senator from Connecticut serving on the U.S. Senate Foreign Relations Committee) "The Answer is to Empower, Not Attack, the World Health Organization," War on the Rocks, 4/21/2020~ JL Ought means shouldMerriam Webster n.d. – Merriam Webster's Learner's Dictionary, "ought", http://www.learnersdictionary.com/definition/ought Should means must and is immediateSummers 94 (Justice – Oklahoma Supreme Court, "Kelsey v. Dollarsaver Food Warehouse of Durant", 1994 OK 123, 11-8, http://www.oscn.net/applications/oscn/DeliverDocument.aspCiteID=20287~~marker3fn13) | 9/18/21 |
SO - CP - DSBTournament: Loyola | Round: 5 | Opponent: Millard North NL | Judge: David Dosch | 9/13/21 |
SO - CP - Distribution vs FemTournament: Greenhill | Round: 4 | Opponent: Harrison JP | Judge: Varad Agarwala Counterplan: the member nations of the World Trade Organization should organize an international effort to purchase women's health medicines and distribute it equitably at no cost on a needs basis by declaring it a human right.Solves the aff – their solvency advocate is super vague and just says access needs to increase.1AC Mike 2: Mike, Jennifer H. ~School of Law, American University of Nigeria, Yola, Nigeria, Nigeria~ "Access to essential medicines to guarantee women's rights to health: The pharmaceutical patents connection" Wiley Online Library, 2020. https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/jwip.12161 JP | 9/19/21 |
SO - CP - Orphan Drugs vs FemTournament: Greenhill | Round: 4 | Opponent: Harrison JP | Judge: Varad Agarwala CP: The member nations of the World Trade Organization should reduce intellectual property protections for non-orphan drug women's health.Only exclusive patent protection rights paired with incentives can rare diseases that won't be treated under natural market incentives.Henry Grabowski 2, Patents, Innovation and Access to New Pharmaceuticals, Journal of International Economic Law, Volume 5, Issue 4, December 2002, Pages 849–860, https://doi.org/10.1093/jiel/5.4.849 It competes - LPCN 1107 or PTB is a designated orphan drug engineered to reduce pain and prevent preterm birth in women with a history of preterm birth – generates offense under the aff's framing.Lipocine 15 Lipocine Investor Room, 6-2-2015, "Lipocine Receives FDA Orphan Drug Designation for LPCN 1107, an Oral Product Candidate for the Prevention of Preterm Birth," https://ir.lipocine.com/Lipocine-Receives-FDA-Orphan-Drug-Designation-for-LPCN-1107-an-Oral-Product-Candidate-for-the-Prevention-of-Preterm-Birth mvp | 9/19/21 |
SO - CP - RewardsTournament: Greenhill | Round: Octas | Opponent: Harker AS | Judge: Chris Castillo, Felicity Park, David Dosch CP Text: The member states of the European Union ought to provide financial rewards for whistleblowers related to medicines, modelled after the US bounty system established by the Dodd-Frank Act of 2010.Solves better than the aff—empirics – the problem isn't the problem that whistleblowers don't win disputes, its that they don't come forwardMaslen 2018 (Caitlin, Research Associate at Transparency International. MA in Corruption and Governance from the University of Sussex. "Whistleblower Reward Programs" (Anti-Corruption Helpdesk, Transparency International, https://knowledgehub.transparency.org/assets/uploads/helpdesk/Whistleblower-Reward-Programmes-2018.pdf 27 September 2018)DR 21 | 9/20/21 |
SO - CP - Sui GenerisTournament: Greenhill RR | Round: 1 | Opponent: Westwood PM | Judge: Quentin Clark, Claudia Ribera CP: The member nations of the world trade organization ought to –—-create a new form of Sui Generis patent applications as per Vezina 20—-Grant this form of patent to Indigenous peoples—-Exclude non Indigenous groups from applying for Sui Generis patents and reduce intellectual property protections for medicines for non Indigenous groupsSui generis moral rights framework emphasizing guardianship over ownership and are the only way to stop the appropriate that comes with public knowledge – answers the reforms fail ev bc it bars settlers from using knowledge which isn't sharing – also solves K of IPR used by Indigenous groups bc it uses a new fwVezina 20 "Ensuring Respect for Indigenous Cultures A Moral Rights Approach" Brigitte Vezina ~fellow at the Canadian think tank Centre for International Governance Innovation. She holds a bachelor's degree in law from the Université de Montreal and a master's in law from Georgetown University~, Centre for International Governance Innovation Papers No. 243 — May 2020, https://www.cigionline.org/static/documents/documents/vezina-paper_1.pdf SM Their ev even agrees – 1AC McGinglethe ethnopharmacology community has not yet addressed these questions with sustained debate, nor has there been much done to envision an ethical platform upon which to establish exchange agreements that incorporate 'non-modern' visions of the world. Indigenous communities therefore need sui generis laws to protect their shared cultural heritage and shared natural resources. Reforming IPR is key to affirming native sovereignty. Solves the aff because it shifts away from western conceptions of property, but the perm fails since we think IPR is good.Younging 10 "Intergovernmental Committee On Intellectual Property And Genetic Resources Traditional Knowledge And Folklore" Seventeenth Session Geneva, December 6-10, 2010 Wipo Indigenous Panel On The Role Of The Public Domain Concept: Experiences In The Fields Of Genetic Resources, Traditional Knowledge And Traditional Cultural Expressions: Experiences From Canada Document prepared by Mr. Gregory Younging ~Creative Rights Alliance, Kelowna, Canada, Opaskwayak Cree Nation-Canada~ https://www.wipo.int/edocs/mdocs/tk/en/wipo_grtkf_ic_17/wipo_grtkf_ic_17_inf_5_a.pdf SM | 9/16/21 |
SO - CP - Trade Secrets UQTournament: Greenhill | Round: Octas | Opponent: Harker AS | Judge: Chris Castillo, Felicity Park, David Dosch CP: The member states of the European Union should increase intellectual property protections for trade secrets as outlined by Brant and Lohse – solves unification – EU protections just have to be consistent, not high or lowBrant and Lohse 14(Jennifer Brant and Sebastian Lohse, ~~, 2014, "", No Publication, accessed: 9-18-2021, https://iccwbo.org/content/uploads/sites/3/2017/02/ICC-Research-Trade-Secrets-english.pdf) ajs Trade secrets create incentive for collaboration and drive innovation through profit motives – that turns the aff because companies will increase secrecy.ICC 14 "TRADE SECRETS: TOOLS FOR INNOVATION AND COLLABORATION" 2014 International Chamber of Commerce (ICC) https://iccwbo.org/content/uploads/sites/3/2017/02/ICC-Research-Trade-Secrets-english.pdf SM EU's keyEPM Scientific 19 (202, ~~, 4-1-2019, "Why US Biotech Companies Should Consider Launching in Europe Directly", No Publication, accessed: 9-18-2021, https://www.epmscientific.com/blog/2019/04/why-us-biotech-companies-should-consider-launching-in-europe-directly) ajs Biopharmaceutical innovation is key to prevent future pandemics and bioterror – turns caseMarjanovic and Feijao 20 ~(Sonja Marjanovic, Ph.D., Judge Business School, University of Cambridge. Carolina Feijao, Ph.D. in biochemistry, University of Cambridge; M.Sc. in quantitative biology, Imperial College London; B.Sc. in biology, University of Lisbon.) "How to Best Enable Pharma Innovation Beyond the COVID-19 Crisis," RAND Corporation, 05-2020, https://www.rand.org/pubs/perspectives/PEA407-1.html~~ TDI COVID incentivizes engineered bioterror- extinctionWalsh, 20 — Axios Future correspondent ~Bryan Walsh, "The coronavirus pandemic reawakens bioweapon fears," Axios, 5-14-2020, https://www.axios.com/coronavirus-pandemic-pathogen-bioweapon-45417c86-52aa-41b1-8a99-44a6e597d3a8.html, accessed 9-7-2020~ | 9/20/21 |
SO - DA - AntitrustTournament: Loyola | Round: 5 | Opponent: Millard North NL | Judge: David Dosch Bipartisan antitrust bills passing now but continued PC needed to pacify republicans.Perlman 9/3 ~Matthew; 9/3/21; "Interest Groups Back Big Tech Antitrust Bills In House," LAW360, https://www.law360.com/competition/articles/1418789/interest-groups-back-big-tech-antitrust-bills-in-house~~ Justin Aff requires negotiations that saps PC.Pooley 21 ~James; Former deputy director general of the United Nations' World Intellectual Property Organization and a member of the Center for Intellectual Property Understanding; "Drawn-Out Negotiations Over Covid IP Will Blow Back on Biden," Barron's; 5/26/21; https://www.barrons.com/articles/drawn-out-negotiations-over-covid-ip-will-blow-back-on-biden-51621973675~~ Justin Antitrust is key to the DIB – brink is now.Sitaraman 20 ~Ganesh; Vanderbilt University Law School; "The National Security Case for Breaking Up Big Tech," Knight First Amendment Institute at Columbia; 3/12/20; https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3537870~~ brett Re-Cut Justin That solves extinction through great power war.Marks 19 ~Michael; Former Senior Policy Advisor to the Under Secretary for Security Assistance, Science and Technology at the U.S. Department of State; "Strengthen US Industry To Counter National Security Challenges," American Military News; 10/10/19; https://americanmilitarynews.com/2019/10/strengthen-us-industry-to-counter-national-security-challenges/~~ Justin | 9/13/21 |
SO - DA - BiohackingTournament: Greenhill RR | Round: 3 | Opponent: Immaculate Heart BC | Judge: Elijah Smith, John Sims Eliminating CRISPR patents causes biohacking.Zettler 19, Patricia J., Christi J. Guerrini, and Jacob S. Sherkow. "Regulating genetic biohacking." Science 365.6448 (2019): 34-36. (Ohio State University Moritz School of Law)Elmer Expanded biohacking means bioterrorWikswo 14, J., S. Hummel, and V. Quaranta. "The Biohacker: A Threat to National Security." CTC Sentinel 7.1 (2014). (a biological physicist at Vanderbilt University. He was born in Lynchburg, Virginia, United States. Wikswo is noted for his work on biomagnetism and cardiac electrophysiology.)Elmer Cross apply their disease terminal | 9/17/21 |
SO - DA - Innovation vs BiopiracyTournament: Greenhill RR | Round: 1 | Opponent: Westwood PM | Judge: Quentin Clark, Claudia Ribera Biotech industry strong now – new innovation and RandD comingCancherini et al. 4/30 ~Laura, Engagement Manager @ McKinsey and Company, Joseph Lydon, Associate Partner @ McKinsey and Company, Jorge Santos Da Silva, Senior Partner at McKinsey and Company, and Alexandra Zemp, Partner at McKinsey and Company~ "What's ahead for biotech: Another wave or low tide?", McKinsey and Company, 4-30-2021, https://www.mckinsey.com/industries/pharmaceuticals-and-medical-products/our-insights/whats-ahead-for-biotech-another-wave-or-low-tide ajs Strong IPR is key to innovation – empirics and FDIEzell and Cory 19 ~Stephen Ezell, BS from School of Foreign Service at Georgetown, VP of global innovation policy at Information Technology and Innovation Foundation. Nigel Cory, MA in public policy from Georgetown, BA in international business from Griffith University, Associate Director of trade policy at Information Technology and Innovation Foundation, former researcher in the Southeast Asia Program at the Center for Strategic and International Studies.~ "The Way Forward for Intellectual Property Internationally," Information Technology and Innovation Foundation, April 25, 2019, https://itif.org/publications/2019/04/25/way-forward-intellectual-property-internationally TG The link is massive – 50+ percent of prescription meds stem from Indigenous knowledge – preempot just proves thuisEiland 08 ~Dr. Eiland received a doctorate in Oriental Archaeology from Oxford University and an LLM from the Munich Intellectual Property Law Center~, "Patenting Traditional Medicine", Nomos Verlagsgesellschaft mbH and Co. KG, pg. 7-10, 2008 SLC PK Biopharmaceutical innovation is key to prevent future pandemics and bioterror – turns caseMarjanovic and Feijao 20 ~(Sonja Marjanovic, Ph.D., Judge Business School, University of Cambridge. Carolina Feijao, Ph.D. in biochemistry, University of Cambridge; M.Sc. in quantitative biology, Imperial College London; B.Sc. in biology, University of Lisbon.) "How to Best Enable Pharma Innovation Beyond the COVID-19 Crisis," RAND Corporation, 05-2020, https://www.rand.org/pubs/perspectives/PEA407-1.html~~ TDI COVID incentivizes engineered bioterror- extinctionWalsh, 20 — Axios Future correspondent ~Bryan Walsh, "The coronavirus pandemic reawakens bioweapon fears," Axios, 5-14-2020, https://www.axios.com/coronavirus-pandemic-pathogen-bioweapon-45417c86-52aa-41b1-8a99-44a6e597d3a8.html, accessed 9-7-2020~ | 9/16/21 |
SO - K - Settler ColonialismTournament: Greenhill RR | Round: 3 | Opponent: Immaculate Heart BC | Judge: Elijah Smith, John Sims Settlerism is an everyday process shaped by affective investments in institutions that claim jurisdiction over native land.Mark Rifkin, PhD, Director of the Women's and Gender Studies Program and Professor of English at the University of North Carolina, Greensboro. "Settler common sense." Settler Colonial Studies, 2013 Vol. 3, Nos. 3–4, 322–340, http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/2201473X.2013.810702. JJN The aff's gnaritas nullius assumption that knowledge belongs to the public is incompatible with indigenous autonomy. Shifting medicine from intellectual property to the public domain reconfigures the Western system of IPR and stands in direct contradiction with native sovereignty.Younging 10 "Intergovernmental Committee On Intellectual Property And Genetic Resources Traditional Knowledge And Folklore" Seventeenth Session Geneva, December 6-10, 2010 Wipo Indigenous Panel On The Role Of The Public Domain Concept: Experiences In The Fields Of Genetic Resources, Traditional Knowledge And Traditional Cultural Expressions: Experiences From Canada Document prepared by Mr. Gregory Younging ~Creative Rights Alliance, Kelowna, Canada, Opaskwayak Cree Nation-Canada~ https://www.wipo.int/edocs/mdocs/tk/en/wipo_grtkf_ic_17/wipo_grtkf_ic_17_inf_5_a.pdf SM Extinction impacts are fabricated by the logic of elimination - settlers have a psychological investment in imagining the end of the world to create a sense of white vulnerability at the expense of enacting decolonization.Dalley 16 Genomic research is predicated off the stigmatization and erasure of native sovereignty. The aff's removal of IP stands in direct opposite to indigenous mechanism for cultural protection that undergird ethical genomic research.Garrison et al 19 Annual Review of Genomics and Human Genetics Genomic Research Through an Indigenous Lens: Understanding the Expectations ~Nanibaa' A. Garrison,1,2 Maui Hudson, ¯ 3 Leah L. Ballantyne,4 Ibrahim Garba,5,6 Andrew Martinez,6 Maile Taualii,7 Laura Arbour,4,8 Nadine R. Caron,9,10,11 and Stephanie Carroll Rainie6,12~ March 20, 2019 https://www.annualreviews.org/doi/pdf/10.1146/annurev-genom-083118-015434 SM Thus, the only alternative is one of decolonization.Tuck and Yang 12 The aff's understanding of public knowledge also requires an epistemic alternative – vote negative for a sui generis moral rights framework that emphasizing guardianship over ownership. The link turn assumes a settler notion of personhood which proves our argument.Vézina 20 "Ensuring Respect for Indigenous Cultures A Moral Rights Approach" Brigitte Vézina ~fellow at the Canadian think tank Centre for International Governance Innovation. She holds a bachelor's degree in law from the Université de Montréal and a master's in law from Georgetown University~, Centre for International Governance Innovation Papers No. 243 — May 2020, https://www.cigionline.org/static/documents/documents/vezina-paper_1.pdf SM Representations and epistemology perpetuate settler practices – the way we understand and discuss the structures around us overdetermines our praxisSeawright 14 Gardner Seawright is a doctoral candidate in the Education, Culture, and Society department at the University of Utah. "Settler Traditions of Place: Making Explicit the Epistemological Legacy of White Supremacy and Settler Colonialism for Place-Based Education." EDUCATIONAL STUDIES, 50: 554–572, 2014, American Educational Studies Association. JJN | 9/17/21 |
SO - T - GenericTournament: Greenhill RR | Round: 1 | Opponent: Westwood PM | Judge: Quentin Clark, Claudia Ribera Interpretation: "medicines" is a generic bare plural. The aff may not defend WTO member nations reducing intellectual property protections for a subset of medicines.The upward entailment test and adverb test determine the genericity of a bare pluralLeslie and Lerner 16 ~Sarah-Jane Leslie, Ph.D., Princeton, 2007. Dean of the Graduate School and Class of 1943 Professor of Philosophy. Served as the vice dean for faculty development in the Office of the Dean of the Faculty, director of the Program in Linguistics, and founding director of the Program in Cognitive Science at Princeton University. Adam Lerner, PhD Philosophy, Postgraduate Research Associate, Princeton 2018. From 2018, Assistant Professor/Faculty Fellow in the Center for Bioethics at New York University. Member of the Princeton Social Neuroscience Lab.~ "Generic Generalizations." Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy. April 24, 2016. https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/generics/ TG
It applies to "medicines" – 1~ upward entailment test – "reduce intellectual property protections for medicines" doesn't entail reducing protections for aids, because it doesn't prove that we should derestrict other beneficial techViolation – they only defendVote neg:1~ Limits – you can pick anything from COVID vaccines to HIV/AIDS to random biotech to insulin treatments and there's no universal disad since each one has a different function and implication for health, tech, and relations – explodes neg prep and leads to random medicine of the week affs which makes cutting stable neg links impossible. PICs don't solve – it's absurd to say neg potential abuse justifies the aff being flat out not T, which leads to a race towards abuse. Limits key to reciprocal engagement since they create a caselist for neg prep.2~ TVA – read the aff as an advantage to a whole rez aff.Voters:Precision o/w – anything else justifies the aff arbitrarily jettisoning words in the resolution at their whim which decks negative ground and preparation because the aff is no longer bounded by the resolution.No RVIs – a) illogical – you shouldn't win for being fair – it's a litmus test for engaging in substance, b) norming – I can't concede the counterinterp if I realize I'm wrong which forces me to argue for bad norms, c) baiting – incentivizes good debaters to be abusive, bait theory, then collapse to the 1AR RVI, d) topic ed – prevents 1AR blipstorm scripts and allows us to get back to substance after resolving theory | 9/16/21 |
SO - T - Medicines v2Tournament: Greenhill | Round: Octas | Opponent: Harker AS | Judge: Chris Castillo, Felicity Park, David Dosch Three forms of IP protections for medicinesWilbur 19 ~Tom Wilbur is Director of Public Affairs at PhRMA focusing on message development and opinion research. Prior to joining PhRMA in 2019, Tom worked on Capitol Hill and on political campaigns for nearly a decade, most recently responsible for communications, campaigns and strategy for U.S. Rep. Fred Upton and the House Energy and Commerce Committee. Masters in Communications from Mich State U.~ "IP Explained: Three forms of IP protections for medicines," PhRMA, August 27, 2019, https://catalyst.phrma.org/ip-explained-three-forms-of-ip-protections-for-medicines TG Violation — the aff is about trade secrets "pertain~ing~ to revealing misconduct, wrongdoing, or illegal activity, or to protecting the general public interest." (lines from their ev) These are all things aren't inherent to medicines — the aff is about people reporting companies for being unethicalThe violation is obvious and the counter interp explodes limits to include marketing strategies, algorithms, and customer listsFarkas ND Brian Farkas ~ssociate attorney at Goetz Fitzpatrick LLP in New York, focusing his practice on commercial litigation, arbitration and intellectual property. Brian earned his B.A. from Vassar College and J.D. from Cardozo School of Law ~ "Trade Secret Basics FAQ" No Date https://www.nolo.com/legal-encyclopedia/trade-secret-basics-faq.html~~#1743223 SM Negate for limits – explodes the topic to anything from random trade secrets to trademark pictures and symbols to copyrights which destroys core generics like innovation that obviously don't link to trademarks – core of the topic is about proprietary rights to ideas and innovations. A big case list with no unifying generics destroy neg prep – disincentivizes in depth topic research and leaves the neg behind.Either they violate or they don't solve – first adv i/ls rely on whistleblowers speaking out about "irregularities when workers lack protective equipment" or "when medical supplies are being corrupted" both of which are COMPLETELY IRRELEVANT to medicine and just vaguely about the medical sectorNo RVIs—it's your burden to be fair and T—same reason you don't win for answering inherency or putting defense on a disad. | 9/20/21 |
TDI - CP - Adv vs MiningTournament: TDI Camp Tournament | Round: Quarters | Opponent: Larpers JL | Judge: Azi Hormozdiari, Andrew Gong, Julian Kuffour Counterplan:The United States, Russia, and China should:Establish direct hotlines of communication between leaders with nuclear launch authority.Establish a no first use policy on anti-satellite warfare.Immediately issue public declarations clarifying the accidental nature of satellite destruction if an early warning satellite is damaged.Engage in cooperative efforts over achieving paris emissions targetsStates should:Eliminate all nuclear early warning satellites.Invest substantially in terrestrial radar arrays and the modernization of nuclear early warning technology.Collectively provide funding to the world bank to be issued to African nations equal to the estimated net economic costs of annual GDP lost to extra terrestrial mining.Pass a global carbon tax.Invest heavily in carbon capture and sequestration technology. | 8/3/21 |
TDI - CP - Constitutional ConventionTournament: TDI Camp Tournament | Round: Quarters | Opponent: Larpers JL | Judge: Azi Hormozdiari, Andrew Gong, Julian Kuffour The United States, using a strictly limited constitutional convention ratified by at least thirty-eight of the States, should pass an amendment to the constitution that prohibits commercial space exploration and tourism, issuing a declaration that they violate United States non-appropriation obligations under the Outer Space Treaty of 1967 and its succeeding treaties which serve US interests. | 8/3/21 |
TDI - CP - CourtsTournament: TDI Camp Tournament | Round: 1 | Opponent: TGL SS | Judge: Arjun Garg The Supreme Court of the United States should rule in favor of a prohibition on the appropriation of outer space by private entities. Other states should prohibit the appropriation of outer space by private entities."Resolved:" refers to a legislative debate – congress is the only legislative US body – its normal meansLouisiana State Legislature 16, "Glossary of Legislative Terms," http://www.legis.state.la.us/glossary2.htm | 7/29/21 |
TDI - CP - India PICTournament: TDI Camp Tournament | Round: Quarters | Opponent: Larpers JL | Judge: Azi Hormozdiari, Andrew Gong, Julian Kuffour Counterplan: States other than the Republic of India should ban the appropriation of outer space by private entities through asteroid mining.Space is an intrinsic part of India's soft power expansion and they're set to rapidly scale nowSarthak Kathayat, Sarthak Kathayat is a student at Jamia Millia Islamia, India., NIICE NEPAL, 11-1-2020, "Soft Power and India's Space Diplomacy," https://niice.org.np/archives/6420 TDI Mining key.HT Tech 16 ~(HT Tech, technology news) "India should not lag behind in outer space mining, TIFAC official says" 28 Jul 2016 https://tech.hindustantimes.com/tech/news/india-should-not-lag-behind-in-outer-space-mining-tifac-official-says-story-7ggXBzVbeILfGzHlW6FuRL.html~~ TDI India has led multiple non-proliferation movements and their benign perception is k2 maintaining US-China RelationsPethiyagoda 14 ~Kadira Pethiyagoda, a former diplomat whose PhD and upcoming book investigated Indian foreign policy. He was a visiting scholar at the University of Oxford, "India's Soft Power Advantage," The Diplomat, 9/17/14, https://thediplomat.com/2014/09/indias-soft-power-advantage/~~ TDI Risk of US-China military confrontation in flashpoints inevitably go nuclear due to intermingled forcesTalmadge 18 ~Caitlin Talmadge, Associate Professor of Security Studies at the Edmund A. Walsh School of Foreign Service at Georgetown University, "Beijing's Nuclear Option, Why a U.S.-Chinese War Could Spiral Out of Control," Foreign Affairs, https://www.foreignaffairs.com/articles/china/2018-10-15/beijings-nuclear-option, 10/15/18~ TDI | 8/3/21 |
TDI - CP - Mining AdvTournament: TDI Camp Tournament | Round: 5 | Opponent: Wheel AB | Judge: Julian Anderson CP:Non African states should give African states an annual dollar amount equal to the annual monetary amount those countries lost in GDP per capita due to mining.States should invest heavily in CCS technologyThe US should pass the green new deal | 7/29/21 |
TDI - CP - Partnership UQTournament: TDI Camp Tournament | Round: 4 | Opponent: Larpers BF | Judge: Felicity Park CP text: The United States federal government should:Fund a public-private partnership for deep space explorationTriple NASA's budget and earmark increased funding for cooperative deep space explorationGaleon 17 ~(Dom, writer for Futurism), "SpaceX Asks the U.S. To Fund a Public-Private Partnership for Deep Space Exploration," July 14, 2017, https://futurism.com/spacex-asks-the-u-s-to-fund-a-public-private-partnership-for-deep-space-exploration~~ TDI The CP turns the aff and prevents stifling of innovation – k2 climate tech.Van Burken 20 ~(Rebecca, technology policy analyst at Reason Foundation) "Biden Can Utilize Space Companies and Public-Private Partnerships," December 14, 2020 https://reason.org/commentary/biden-can-utilize-space-companies-and-public-private-partnerships/~~ TDI | 7/29/21 |
TDI - CP - REM UQTournament: TDI Camp Tournament | Round: 1 | Opponent: TGL SS | Judge: Arjun Garg CP Text: The United States should fund the appropriation of outer space for the mining of rare earth metals from asteroids by private entities. | 7/29/21 |
TDI - DA - India Soft PowerTournament: TDI Camp Tournament | Round: 5 | Opponent: Wheel AB | Judge: Julian Anderson Space is an intrinsic part of India's soft power expansion and they're set to rapidly scale nowSarthak Kathayat, Sarthak Kathayat is a student at Jamia Millia Islamia, India., NIICE NEPAL, 11-1-2020, "Soft Power and India's Space Diplomacy," https://niice.org.np/archives/6420 TDI Private sector key to Indian space effortsRaghu Krishnan, Raghu Krishnan is the technology editor for the Economic Times. In the over two decades of reporting and managing teams, he has seen the Indian IT industry grow from $ 1 billion to nearly $ 191 billion. He has a deep understanding of the shifts the Indian IT industry has undergone over the years. He has also covered science and India's aerospace RandD industry., 12-7-2020, "New space policy may take local companies global: Sivan," Economic Times, https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/science/new-space-policy-may-take-local-companies-global-sivan/articleshow/79599874.cms?from=mdr TDI Mining key.HT Tech 16 ~(HT Tech, technology news) "India should not lag behind in outer space mining, TIFAC official says" 28 Jul 2016 https://tech.hindustantimes.com/tech/news/india-should-not-lag-behind-in-outer-space-mining-tifac-official-says-story-7ggXBzVbeILfGzHlW6FuRL.html~~ TDI India has led multiple non-proliferation movements and their benign perception is k2 maintaining US-China RelationsPethiyagoda 14 ~Kadira Pethiyagoda, a former diplomat whose PhD and upcoming book investigated Indian foreign policy. He was a visiting scholar at the University of Oxford, "India's Soft Power Advantage," The Diplomat, 9/17/14, https://thediplomat.com/2014/09/indias-soft-power-advantage/~~ TDI Risk of US-China military confrontation in flashpoints inevitably go nuclear due to intermingled forcesTalmadge 18 ~Caitlin Talmadge, Associate Professor of Security Studies at the Edmund A. Walsh School of Foreign Service at Georgetown University, "Beijing's Nuclear Option, Why a U.S.-Chinese War Could Spiral Out of Control," Foreign Affairs, https://www.foreignaffairs.com/articles/china/2018-10-15/beijings-nuclear-option, 10/15/18~ TDI | 7/29/21 |
TDI - DA - Infrastructure PTXTournament: TDI Camp Tournament | Round: 1 | Opponent: TGL SS | Judge: Arjun Garg Infrastructure bill is on the brink – bipartisan support is keyPramuk and Frank 7/22 ~(Jacob, politics reporter for CNBC BA from Harvard) (Thomas, BA in journalism and political sciences, CNBC economics and policy writer) "Bipartisan infrastructure plan could get another chance after Senate setback," CNBC, July 22, 2021, https://www.cnbc.com/2021/07/22/biden-infrastructure-plan-senate-could-vote-on-bipartisan-bill.html~~ TDI The plan's partisan nature splits the Senate down the middle – wrecks any shot at bipartisanship on infrastructureGraham 21 ~Jennifer: Reporter at Deseret News; "The Optics of Billionaires in space"; July 15, 2021; https://www.deseret.com/2021/7/15/22577444/the-optics-of-billionaires-in-space-jeff-bezos-richard-branson-virgin-galactic~~ TDI Infrastructure investment beats China in the tech-raceAnderson 2/22 ~(Norman, Chairman and CEO of CG/LA Infrastructure, a firm focused on global infrastructure project development, driving productivity across countries, and maximizing the benefits of infrastructure for people in the U.S. and around the world) "The Biden Infrastructure Plan - 5 Actions To Jolt Us Awake, Now," Forbes, 2-22-2021, https://www.forbes.com/sites/normananderson/2021/02/22/the-biden-infrastructure-plan5-actions-to-jolt-us-awake-now/?sh=1d72f17b2ebd~~ TDI Chinese tech leadership leads to nuclear warKroenig 18 (Matthew, Deputy Director for Strategy, Scowcroft Center for Strategy and Security Associate Professor of Government and Foreign Service, Georgetown University) "Will disruptive technology cause nuclear war?" BAS, Nov 12, 2018, https://thebulletin.org/2018/11/will-disruptive-technology-cause-nuclear-war | 7/29/21 |
TDI - DA - PQDTournament: TDI Camp Tournament | Round: Quarters | Opponent: Larpers JL | Judge: Azi Hormozdiari, Andrew Gong, Julian Kuffour Barrett court is resisting climate action at every turn – Biden overcomes its limited influence now, but a more powerful judiciary directly trades off with green policiesWorland 20 Justin Worland, 9-28-2020, "How Amy Coney Barrett Could Alter the Future of the U.S.'s Climate Change Policy," Time, https://time.com/5893929/amy-coney-barrett-climate-change-supreme-court/ mvp OST bans private mining now – US exploration laws directly contraveneTIMOTHY JUSTIN TRAPP, JD Candidate @ UIUC Law, '13, TAKING UP SPACE BY ANY OTHER MEANS: COMING TO TERMS WITH THE NONAPPROPRIATION ARTICLE OF THE OUTER SPACE TREATY UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS LAW REVIEW ~Vol. 2013 No. 4~ That applies Charming Betsy to private sector space laws that unambiguously contravene the OST – that expands the scope of the doctrine and creates judicial overreach – courts can abrogate participation in any international agreementBean 15 Andrew H. Bean, Constraining Charming Betsy: Textual Ambiguity as a Predicate to Applying the Charming Betsy Doctrine, 2015 BYU L. Rev. 1801 (2016). Available at: https://digitalcommons.law.byu.edu/lawreview/vol2015/iss6/13 mvp A robust web of international commitments and treaties with US participation is necessary for global climate action – abrogation would be devastatingNewburger 20 Emma Newburger, 11-19-2020, "Biden will rejoin the Paris Climate Accord. Here's what happens next ," CNBC, https://www.cnbc.com/2020/11/20/biden-to-rejoin-paris-climate-accord-heres-what-happens-next-.html | 8/3/21 |
TDI - DA - Truth and JusticeTournament: TDI Camp Tournament | Round: 1 | Opponent: TGL SS | Judge: Arjun Garg The US structurally outcompetes China in the status quo and primacy can be sustained, but it's not a givenKroenig 20 ~(Matthew, is the author of The Return of Great Power Rivalry: Democracy Versus Autocracy From the Ancient World to the U.S. and China, a professor of government and foreign service at Georgetown University, and the deputy director of the Scowcroft Center for Strategy and Security at the Atlantic Council) "Why the U.S. Will Outcompete China," 4-3-2020, https://www.theatlantic.com/ideas/archive/2020/04/why-china-ill-equipped-great-power-rivalry/609364/~~ TDI Link 1 is space dominance - the balance is delicate in space—abandoning public private military partnerships in space flips itBroad 21 ~(William J, is a science journalist and senior writer.) "How Space Became the Next 'Great Power' Contest Between the U.S. and China," 1-24-2021 updated 5-6-2018, https://www.nytimes.com/2021/01/24/us/politics/trump-biden-pentagon-space-missiles-satellite.html~~ TDI Our claims accurately reflect Chinese attempts at great power competition in space.Broad 21 ~(William J, is a science journalist and senior writer.) "How Space Became the Next 'Great Power' Contest Between the U.S. and China," 1-24-2021 updated 5-6-2018, https://www.nytimes.com/2021/01/24/us/politics/trump-biden-pentagon-space-missiles-satellite.html~~ TDI Link 2 is resources - Chinese REM gatekeeping coming nowStavridis 21 ~(James, retired US Navy admiral, chief international diplomacy and national security analyst for NBC News, senior fellow at JHU Applied Physics Library, PhD in Law and Diplomacy from Tufts) "U.S. Needs a Strong Defense Against China's Rare-Earth Weapon," Bloomberg Opinion, March 4, 2021, https://www.bloomberg.com/opinion/articles/2021-03-04/u-s-needs-a-strong-defense-against-china-s-rare-earth-weapon~~ TDI REM access key to military primacy and tech advancement – alternatives failTrigaux 12 (David, University Honors Program University of South Florida St. Petersburg) "The US, China and Rare Earth Metals: The Future Of Green Technology, Military Tech, and a Potential Achilles Heel to American Hegemony," USF St. Petersberg, May 2, 2012, https://digital.stpetersburg.usf.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1132andcontext=honorstheses~~ TDI Link 3 is readiness – flexible supremacy requires capitalist expansion – this impact turns the affFrankowski 17 ~(Pawel, assistant Professor at the Chair of International Relations and Foreign Policy, Institute of Political Science and International Relations, Jagiellonian University) "Outer Space and Private Companies: Consequences for Global Security," 2017, pg. 133-134~ TDI Space dominance solves nuclear war. Hegemony de-escalates all conflict scenarios.Yoo 18 ~(Emanuel S. Heller Professor of Law at the University of California, Berkeley, and a visiting scholar at AEI since 2003. He served as a deputy assistant attorney general in the Office of the Legal Counsel of the U.S. Department of Justice from 2001 to 2003, where he worked on constitutional and national security matters, as General Counsel of the U.S. Senate Committee on the Judiciary from 1995-96, and as a law clerk to Justice Clarence Thomas of the U.S. Supreme Court (John, Winning the Space Race, October 15th, http://www.aei.org/publication/winning-the-space-race/)~~ Primacy and allied commitments solve arms races and great power war – unipolarity is sustainable, and prevents power vacuums and global escalationBrands 18 ~(Hal, Henry Kissinger Distinguished Professor at Johns Hopkins University's School of Advanced International Studies and a senior fellow at the Center for Strategic and Budgetary Assessments) "American Grand Strategy in the Age of Trump," Page 129-133~ Pursuit inevitable—-decline causes global warBeckley 15 (Michael Beckley is a research fellow in the International Security Program at Harvard Kennedy School's Belfer Center for Science and International Affairs., "The Myth of Entangling Alliances Michael Beckley Reassessing the Security Risks of U.S. Defense Pacts", http://live.belfercenter.org/files/IS3904_pp007-048.pdf) For them to win an impact turn, they need to defend and robustly define their alternative to US primacyKagan '18 - Stephen and Barbara Friedman Senior Fellow with the Project on International Order and Strategy in the Foreign Policy program at Brookings. Robert Kagan, "The World America Made—and Trump Wants to Unmake," POLITICO Magazine, September 28, 2018, https://politi.co/2zB3qCg. | 7/29/21 |
TDI - T - Appropriation vs ExplorationTournament: TDI Camp Tournament | Round: 4 | Opponent: Larpers BF | Judge: Felicity Park Interpretation: "appropriation of outer space" as a term of art by private entities refers to the exercise of exclusive and permanent control of space.TIMOTHY JUSTIN TRAPP, JD Candidate @ UIUC Law, '13, TAKING UP SPACE BY ANY OTHER MEANS: COMING TO TERMS WITH THE NONAPPROPRIATION ARTICLE OF THE OUTER SPACE TREATY UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS LAW REVIEW ~Vol. 2013 No. 4~ Common usage also concludes appropriation is the taking of or exercise of control over propertyBohm 13 ~JEFF BOHM, Chief Judge. In re Cowin, 492 B.R. 858 (Bankr. S.D. Tex. 2013).~ TDI
Court precedent affirms appropriation is permanent occupation not temporary useMarshall 82 ~JUSTICE MARSHALL delivered the opinion of the Court. Loretto v. Teleprompter Manhattan CATV Corp., 458 US 419 - Supreme Court 1982~ TDI Violation ¬– the aff bans commercial tourism by private entities, which both fails to establish sovereign possession over regions that are toured and fails to establish permanent appropriation since tours enter and leave regions in outer spaceVote neg:Limits – their interp explodes the topic to include affs about using space for any single purpose, like space-based solar power, helium and REMs on the Moon, military deployments, and climate adaptation satellites – this is unpredictable because topic lit is concerned with sovereignty over space and space colonization broadly, privileges the aff by stretching pre-tournament neg prep too thin and precludes nuanced case negs that rigorously test the affPrecision first – Justifies the aff arbitrarily doing away with words in the resolution which gives way to affs about anything from public appropriation affs to air space affs and many more which obliterates negative prep.Ground – allowing debates about extracting any space resource denies the neg links to core generics like space col good, which only answers affs that broadly prohibit states from using space – this kills testing and forces negatives to the fringes of argumentation like generic Ks that are stale and vulnerable to aff prep-outsFairness and education are voters – debate's a game that needs rules to evaluate it and education gives us portable skills for life like research and thinking.No RVIs – a) illogical – you shouldn't win for being fair – it's a litmus test for engaging in substance, b) norming – I can't concede the counterinterp if I realize I'm wrong which forces me to argue for bad norms, c) baiting – incentivizes good debaters to be abusive, bait theory, then collapse to the 1AR RVI, d) topic ed – prevents 1AR blipstorm scripts and allows us to get back to substance after resolving theory | 7/29/21 |
TDI - T - Appropriation vs MiningTournament: TDI Camp Tournament | Round: 5 | Opponent: Wheel AB | Judge: Julian Anderson Interpretation: "appropriation of outer space" by private entities refers to the exercise of exclusive control of space.TIMOTHY JUSTIN TRAPP, JD Candidate @ UIUC Law, '13, TAKING UP SPACE BY ANY OTHER MEANS: COMING TO TERMS WITH THE NONAPPROPRIATION ARTICLE OF THE OUTER SPACE TREATY UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS LAW REVIEW ~Vol. 2013 No. 4~ Private appropriation of extracted space resources is distinct from appropriation "of" outer space. Despite longstanding permission of appropriation of extracted resources, sovereign claims are still universally prohibited.Abigail D. Pershing, J.D. Candidate @ Yale, B.A. UChicago,'19, "Interpreting the Outer Space Treaty's Non-Appropriation Principle: Customary International Law from 1967 to Today," Yale Journal of International Law 44, no. 1 Violation ¬– the aff only bans private resource extraction through asteroid mining, which is limited in scope – that's distinct from full sovereignty over spaceVote neg:Limits – their interp explodes the topic to include affs about using space for any single purpose, like space-based solar power, helium and REMs on the Moon, space tourism, and climate adaptation satellites – this is unpredictable because topic lit is concerned with sovereignty over space and space colonization broadly, privileges the aff by stretching pre-tournament neg prep too thin and precludes nuanced case negs that rigorously test the affPrecision – Justifies the aff arbitrarily doing away with words in the resolution which gives way to affs about anything from public appropriation affs to air space affs and many more which obliterates negative prep.Ground – allowing debates about extracting any space resource denies the neg links to core generics like space col good, which only answers affs that broadly prohibit states from using space – this kills testing and forces negatives to the fringes of argumentation like generic Ks that are stale and vulnerable to aff prep-outsTopicality is a voting issue that should be evaluated through competing interpretations—it tells the negative what they do and do not have to prepare for. Reasonability is arbitrary and unpredictable, inviting a race to the bottom and we'll win it links to our offenseDrop the debater to deter future abuse and because the 2N doesn't get new disads to whole rez so it's permanently skewed.No RVIs—it's your burden to be fair and T—same reason you don't win for answering inherency or putting defense on a disad. | 7/29/21 |
TDI - Th - AspecTournament: TDI Camp Tournament | Round: Quarters | Opponent: Larpers JL | Judge: Azi Hormozdiari, Andrew Gong, Julian Kuffour Interp – the aff must specify the actor enforcing their advocacy in the 1AC plan text.Violation – you don't.Prefer for stable ground – I lose links to disads, counterplans, and nuanced solvency takeouts which are key since certain DAs like politics or PQD only link to certain actors. Supercharged on this topic since affs can defend vague general principle value statements to delink neg offense. Text is key since it's the only stable stasis for prep.The implication is that you should stick them with the SCOTUS as the actor in the US, but if they contest the link to the disad that proves the abuse and this becomes drop the debaterNormal means is courtsCooper 8 ~Cooper, Nikhil D. "Circumventing Non-Appropriation: Law and Development of United States Space Commerce." Hastings Const. LQ 36 (2008): 457.~ TDI | 8/3/21 |
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