Princeton Bao Neg
| Tournament | Round | Opponent | Judge | Cites | Round Report | Open Source | Edit/Delete |
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| 47th University of Pennsylvania Tournament | 1 | Wilcox KM | Kumail Zaidi |
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| 47th University of Pennsylvania Tournament | 3 | Cheyenne Central GH | Eric He |
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| Any | 1 | All | All |
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| Lexington Winter Invitational | 1 | NSU SF | Anthony Survance |
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| Lexington Winter Invitational | 4 | San Mateo YR | Aditya Madaraju |
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| Lexington Winter Invitational | 5 | Valley IA AM | William White |
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| Princeton Classic | 1 | Olympia OE | Phoenix Pittman |
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| Princeton Classic | 3 | Durham BG | Qing Liu |
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| Princeton Classic | 6 | Unionville AS | Claudia Ribera |
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| Princeton Classic | Doubles | Lake Highland Prep MS | Jonah Gentleman, Joshua StPeter, Jalyn Wu |
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| Ridge Debates | 2 | Bridgewater Raritan AD | Lisa Willoughby |
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| Ridge Debates | 4 | Hunter AH | Jesse Laitman |
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| Ridge Debates | 5 | Bridgewater Raritan VS | Carlos Astacio |
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| Ridge Debates | Octas | Bronx Science CC | Probir Dhara, Rachel Elias, Balamurugan Saravanan |
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| Virtual Scarsdale Invitational Scarvite | 3 | Bronx Science NS | Micah Thode |
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| Virtual Scarsdale Invitational Scarvite | 2 | Stuyvesant HJ | Tracy Brown |
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| Virtual Scarsdale Invitational Scarvite | 6 | Lexington AM | Amy Nyberg |
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| Yale University Invitational 2021 | 1 | Hunter AL | June Philip |
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| Yale University Invitational 2021 | 4 | American Heritage Broward JA | Nathan Frenkel |
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| Yale University Invitational 2021 | 5 | Harrison EM | Devin Jiang |
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| Tournament | Round | Report |
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| 47th University of Pennsylvania Tournament | 1 | Opponent: Wilcox KM | Judge: Kumail Zaidi 1AC US AC |
| 47th University of Pennsylvania Tournament | 3 | Opponent: Cheyenne Central GH | Judge: Eric He 1AC Economic Inequality |
| Lexington Winter Invitational | 1 | Opponent: NSU SF | Judge: Anthony Survance 1AC Kant |
| Lexington Winter Invitational | 4 | Opponent: San Mateo YR | Judge: Aditya Madaraju 1AC Leasing Regime AC |
| Lexington Winter Invitational | 5 | Opponent: Valley IA AM | Judge: William White 1AC Locke |
| Princeton Classic | 1 | Opponent: Olympia OE | Judge: Phoenix Pittman 1AC China |
| Princeton Classic | 3 | Opponent: Durham BG | Judge: Qing Liu 1AC Lay Democracy |
| Princeton Classic | 6 | Opponent: Unionville AS | Judge: Claudia Ribera 1AC Contractualism |
| Princeton Classic | Doubles | Opponent: Lake Highland Prep MS | Judge: Jonah Gentleman, Joshua StPeter, Jalyn Wu 1AC Non-Domination |
| Ridge Debates | 2 | Opponent: Bridgewater Raritan AD | Judge: Lisa Willoughby 1AC Lay |
| Ridge Debates | 4 | Opponent: Hunter AH | Judge: Jesse Laitman 1AC Democracy AC |
| Ridge Debates | 5 | Opponent: Bridgewater Raritan VS | Judge: Carlos Astacio 1AC Whole Res Larp |
| Ridge Debates | Octas | Opponent: Bronx Science CC | Judge: Probir Dhara, Rachel Elias, Balamurugan Saravanan 1AC Whole Res |
| Virtual Scarsdale Invitational Scarvite | 3 | Opponent: Bronx Science NS | Judge: Micah Thode 1AC Kant |
| Virtual Scarsdale Invitational Scarvite | 2 | Opponent: Stuyvesant HJ | Judge: Tracy Brown 1AC Democracy Monopsony (Lay AC) |
| Virtual Scarsdale Invitational Scarvite | 6 | Opponent: Lexington AM | Judge: Amy Nyberg 1AC Whole Res Util |
| Yale University Invitational 2021 | 1 | Opponent: Hunter AL | Judge: June Philip 1AC Compulsory Licenses |
| Yale University Invitational 2021 | 4 | Opponent: American Heritage Broward JA | Judge: Nathan Frenkel 1AC Must Concede Contention or Framework Virtue Ethics |
| Yale University Invitational 2021 | 5 | Opponent: Harrison EM | Judge: Devin Jiang 1AC Gene Editing |
To modify or delete round reports, edit the associated round.
Cites
| Entry | Date |
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0 - Contact InfoTournament: Any | Round: 1 | Opponent: All | Judge: All Please let me know if you want me to disclose any way! This is also terminal defense to any disclosure theory shells. Also, if there are any trigger warnings you'd like me to provide, please let me know! My top priority is to have a safe debate! If I read the same position twice, I won't redisclose absent card changes so the wiki doesn't get cluttered. | 7/6/21 |
GENERAL - DoorenspleetTournament: Virtual Scarsdale Invitational Scarvite | Round: 2 | Opponent: Stuyvesant HJ | Judge: Tracy Brown Democratization is even more dangerous than authoritarian backsliding – robust statistical evidence proves it causes war.Doorenspleet, PhD, ‘19 (Renske, ProfComparativePtx@UWarwick, PhDPoliSci@LeidenU, "Rethinking the Value of Democracy: A Comparative Perspective," p. 94-96, Department of Politics and International Studies, University of Warwick) BW AND ) can easily lead to conflict and war (Table 3.4). | 11/13/21 |
GENERAL - Must Disclose SpikesTournament: Princeton Classic | Round: Doubles | Opponent: Lake Highland Prep MS | Judge: Jonah Gentleman, Joshua StPeter, Jalyn Wu A: Interp – Debaters must disclose the full text of all arguments that impact to fairness or educationB: Violation – you didn’t – screenshots:C: Standards –1. Strat skew – Absent disclosure you can read a massive underview that heavily influences the strategy I put together pre-round which moots any strategy I have in place as well as forcing me to spend prep line by lining multiple blippy arguments rather than fixing that meta-level strategy you’ve altered. Disclosure solves since I can choose which to answer and which to meet.2. Norm setting – Every reason spikes are good is a reason to prefer my interp since it makes it most likely I will meet as many as I feel are good norms while also giving me time to prep responses to the norms I think are bad which is best for theory and substantive clash since we maximize legitimate disagreement on both.Norm setting o/w since a) it’s the primary goal of theory b) it solves multiple rounds of abuse which o/w on longevity and c) it encourages reflection on the nature of debate which is key to critical thinking and creating the best version of debate possible.Voters –Fairness – debate is a competitive activity that requires fairness for objective evaluation.
| 12/5/21 |
GENERAL - No Performativity WarrantsTournament: Princeton Classic | Round: Doubles | Opponent: Lake Highland Prep MS | Judge: Jonah Gentleman, Joshua StPeter, Jalyn Wu Interpretation – Debaters must only read framework warrants that prove the truth of their framework outside the context of debate.Violation – You read a performativity standard which appeals to the truth of your framework given the nature of debate.Standards –1~ Strat Skew: A~ It allows you to extend one argument to invalidate 99 of the framework debate because contesting your framework concedes its authority B~ Performativity creates a reducto-ad-absurdum where if I respond to it, you will just say that I relied your framework to respond to it creating a paradox. That makes the framework debate unwinnable and irresolvable. Resolvability is an independent voter since any increase in irresolvability maximizes the probability of judge intervention which prevents a true test of the better debater.2~ Phil Ed: A~ Performativity encourages debaters to only read frameworks with good performativity warrants such as Agonism or Libertarianism which discourages phil research and B~ It kills clash since you never have to respond to 90 of objections to the framework since they all go away if you win one discourse argument. Phil ed is a voter since it’s how we learn to justify every concept in the world and in debate, including theory. | 12/5/21 |
GENERAL - ParadoxesTournament: Lexington Winter Invitational | Round: 5 | Opponent: Valley IA AM | Judge: William White a) Meno’s – in order to discover something, it must not be known, but in order to know to discover something, it must already be known – this makes the quest for knowledge incomprehensible and thus impossible,b) Good Samaritan – affirming negates – it ought to be the case that we eliminate nukes if they exist now, however that can only be the case if nukes exist, THUS it is obligatory that nukes aren’t eliminated,c) Zeno’s – to go anywhere, you must go halfway first, and then you must go half of the remaining distance, and half of the remaining distance, and so forth to infinity – thus, motion is impossible because it necessitates traversing an infinite number of spaces in a finite amount of time | 1/15/22 |
GENERAL - Theory - Carded Solvency AdvocateTournament: Virtual Scarsdale Invitational Scarvite | Round: 6 | Opponent: Lexington AM | Judge: Amy Nyberg Interpretation: The affirmative must have a carded solvency advocate in the 1AC.Violation -Standards:1 - predictability - no way for the neg to predict the advocacy because it’s not in the lit – this decks DA and CP ground - outweighs because ground is the key determinant of engagement.2. limits – no solvency advocate allows infinite possible affs – also justifies breaking affs that are at the edges of the topic with no advocate.3. shiftiness - no way to guarantee the DAs and CPs we read link or solve because they can re-interpret the plan in the 1ar – creates a 7-6 skew that prevents new 2nr ev to prove normal means from checking.Fairness is voter—debate is a competitive game with its own rules, and arguing against it means judges can hack for you.Education – only portable impact of debateDrop the debater - rectify time lost spent running theory and to deter future abuse.Competing interps - reasonability is arbitrary and begs judge intervention No RVIs—a) you don’t win for proving you were topical and b) causes chilling effect where good debaters just prep out and beat back theory | 12/4/21 |
GENERAL - Theory - Must Not MiscutTournament: Ridge Debates | Round: 5 | Opponent: Bridgewater Raritan VS | Judge: Carlos Astacio 1NCInterpretation: debaters must not miscut evidenceViolation they did – screenshots from "unconditional" and "absolute" on Merriam Webster Standards:infinite abuse – you can get away with anything and we wouldn’t know | 12/11/21 |
GENERAL - Theory - No TJFs Substantive ArgsTournament: Princeton Classic | Round: 1 | Opponent: Olympia OE | Judge: Phoenix Pittman TheoryInterpretation: debaters cannot read both theoretical and substantive justifications for their framework if their opponent only read one type.Violation:Standards;Strat skew - Having both creates functional NiBs- even if I go through all the tjfs, that’s not sufficient to win framing. this creates a 2-1 skew Don’t let them say it’s reciprocal- just because i have the ability to punch them in the face doesn’t mean i should, even if they do and that deincentivizes me from reading frameworks that don’t necessarily maximize things like topic lit.Phil ed – TJFs incentivize picking frameworks based on how good their TJFs are and making the framework debate about theory instead of actually debating warrants. Outweighs on constitutivism – LD is about morality which means we have to preserve that in this round | 12/3/21 |
GENERAL - Theory - Spec Violations on SpikesTournament: Lexington Winter Invitational | Round: 5 | Opponent: Valley IA AM | Judge: William White A: Interp – If the affirmative reads offensive theoretical arguments that impact into fairness and/or education, they must provide an example violation with each one of them. To clarify, every interpretation must explain how I would violate in the NC.B: Violation – You do not provide a corresponding violation to each theoretical argumentC: Standards –1. Advocacy shift – The 1ar can contrive a violation, shift meaning of their interp after I concede a spike. Like "one uncondo route" could mean at least one route, one position, or turns count as a route. Infinite abuse since you just need a risk of a violation and I can’t respond to the shell in the 2NR.2. Norming – Without an exact text of a violation it’s impossible know what the aff considers a good norm which makes setting norms on theory impossible since you’ll always change the norm based on the NC, which defeats the purpose of reading theory in the first place. Norming is a voting issue since it controls the internal link to any type of abuse insofar as we set and follow good norms.Voters –fairness – 1) intrinsic good 2) all arguments presumeDTD – 1) irreperably skewed + already wasted time 2) k2 deterrence 3) DTA non-sensical on theory esp when it’s preemptivecompeting interpsno RVIs | 1/15/22 |
GENERAL - Truth Testing KTournament: Yale University Invitational 2021 | Round: 5 | Opponent: Harrison EM | Judge: Devin Jiang KTheir role of the ballot forces the judge into the role of coercer and defeats the purpose of critical pedagogy – outweighs their impact because this is cyclical violence.Rickert, (Thomas, ""Hands Up, You're Free": Composition in a Post-Oedipal World", JacOnline Journal,) AND created with liberatory pedagogy also opens up a cynical distance toward the writing produced in class Their pedagogy epistemically privileges certain types of knowledge and belief over others through the construction of ‘meta-narratives’ that fabricate society. This model of education incites ideological dogmatism, fascism, and students unprepared for productive dialogue that can translate into real-world activism.Gur Ze’ev 07, "Toward a non-repressive critical pedagogy." Ilan Gur Ze’ev. https://sci-hub.st/10.1111/j.1741-5446.1998.00463.x AND another commodity needed in American colleges so as to be successful in the present order of things. Thus, the alternative is to endorse a truth testing paradigm. The truth testing paradigm combats material problems by fostering real world education – it teaches debaters how to be successful advocates for real world solutions.Branse 15, 9-4-2015, "The Role of the Judge By David Branse (Part One)," NSD Update, http://nsdupdate.com/2015/09/04/the-role-of-the-judge-by-david-branse-part-one/ AND would have learned as much as they did about the living wage without debate’s competitive incentive. That’s key to prevent judge intervention which controls the IL to your role of the ballot since the judge can always hack against what you would consider good. AND activity with oscillating rules where judges cannot be held to any predictable standard. | 10/1/21 |
GENERAL - Truth Testing v1Tournament: Lexington Winter Invitational | Round: 5 | Opponent: Valley IA AM | Judge: William White The role of the ballot is to determine whether the resolution is a true or false statement1~ Anything else moots 7 minutes of the nc – their framing collapses since you must say it is true that a world is better than another before you adopt it.2~ Truth is a necessary part of any statement since any statement fundamentally asserts that some property is true. All statements devolve into some conception of truth-value since when you assert that your role of the ballot is true you concede to the validity of truth testing. Frege, Frege, Gottlob."The Thought: A Logical Inquiry"in Logicism and the Philosophy of Language: Selections from Frege and Russell. Broadview Press. March 2003. Pg. 204.It may nevertheless be thought that we cannot recognize a property of a thing without at the same time realizing the thought that this thing has the property to be true. So with every property of a thing is joined a property of thought, namely, that of truth. It is also worthy of notice that the sentence "I smell the scent of violets" has just the same content as the sentence "it is true that I smell the scent of violets". So, it seems, then, that nothing is added to the thought by my ascribing it the property of truth. 4~ Scalar methods like comparison increases intervention – the persuasion of certain DA or advantages sway decisions – T/F binary is descriptive and technical.Isomorphismno aff analytics because then we each get one speech to read cards5~ Text: Five dictionaries define to negate as to deny the truth of and affirm as to prove true which means the sole judge obligation is to vote on the resolution’s truth or falsity. This outweighs on common usage – it is abundantly clear that our roles are verified. Any other role of the ballot enforces an external norm on debate, but only truth testing is intrinsic to the process of debate | 1/15/22 |
GENERAL - Util v1Tournament: Yale University Invitational 2021 | Round: 4 | Opponent: American Heritage Broward JA | Judge: Nathan Frenkel UtilThe standard is maximizing expected well-being.1~ Only pleasure and pain are intrinsically valuable – all other frameworks collapse.Moen 16 ~Ole Martin Moen, Research Fellow in Philosophy at University of Oslo "An Argument for Hedonism" Journal of Value Inquiry (Springer), 50 (2) 2016: 267–281~ TDI AND places where we reach the end of the line in matters of value. ~ Util is a lexical pre-requisite to any other framework-threats to bodily security and life preclude the ability for moral actors to effectively utilize and act upon other moral theories since they are in a constant state of crisis that inhibit the ideal moral conditions which other theories presuppose – so, util comes first and my offense outweighs theirs under their own framework.~ Actor specificity: util is the best for governments, which is the actor in the rez – multiple warrants:~a~ Governments must aggregate since every policy benefits some and harms others, which also means side constraints freeze action.~d~ Actor-specificity comes first since different agents have different ethical standings. Takes out util calc indicts since they’re empirically denied and link turns them because the alt would be no action.4~ Only consequentialism explains degrees of wrongness—if I break a promise to meet up for lunch, that is not as bad as breaking a promise to take a dying person to the hospital. Only the consequences of breaking the promise explain why the second one is much worse than the first. That impacts to weighing meaning rounds are only resolvable under our interp5~ Ethical frameworks must be theoretically legitimate. All frameworks are functionally topicality interpretations of the word ought so they must theoretically justified. Prefer our standard – a~ Ground: Both debaters are guaranteed access to ground – Aff gets plans and advantages, while Neg gets disads and counterplans. Additionally, anything can function as an impact as long as an external benefit is articulated, so all your offense applies. b~ Weighing ground: consequences lets us weigh the probability a scenario, its risk, scope, severity, etc. and we can even weigh between these standards. We can still run side constraints but they are compared to other impacts while other frameworks prevent weighing by making them absolute. Ow on resolvability because if there is framing mechanism that we don’t know what offense matters. That’s an independent voter: because the judge literally cannot make a decision~ Fission proves personal identity is reductionist – psychological continuity doesn’t exist.Olson 17 – Eric T. Olson, professor of philosophy at the University of Sheffield ("Personal Identity", The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (Summer 2017 Edition), https://plato.stanford.edu/archives/sum2017/entries/identity-personal/,) AND , you are both hungry and not hungry at once: a contradiction. That proves util – if persons are not a continuous unit then distribution among them is irrelevant – we just maximize good experiences since only experiences are morally evaluable – other theories err by presuming the person is a separate entity.~ Extinction outweighsPummer 15 ~Theron, Junior Research Fellow in Philosophy at St. Anne's College, University of Oxford. "Moral Agreement on Saving the World" Practical Ethics, University of Oxford. May 18, 2015~ AT AND be acting very wrongly." (From chapter 36 of On What Matters) | 9/18/21 |
GENERAL - Util v2Tournament: Lexington Winter Invitational | Round: 1 | Opponent: NSU SF | Judge: Anthony Survance FramingThe standard is maximizing expected well-being. Prefer it2~ Neuroscience- pleasure and pain are intrinsic value and disvalue – everything else regresses.Blum et al. 18 ~Kenneth Blum, 1Department of Psychiatry, Boonshoft School of Medicine, Dayton VA Medical Center, Wright State University, Dayton, OH, USA 2Department of Psychiatry, McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL, USA 3Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Keck Medicine University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA 4Division of Applied Clinical Research and Education, Dominion Diagnostics, LLC, North Kingstown, RI, USA 5Department of Precision Medicine, Geneus Health LLC, San Antonio, TX, USA 6Department of Addiction Research and Therapy, Nupathways Inc., Innsbrook, MO, USA 7Department of Clinical Neurology, Path Foundation, New York, NY, USA 8Division of Neuroscience-Based Addiction Therapy, The Shores Treatment and Recovery Center, Port Saint Lucie, FL, USA 9Institute of Psychology, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary 10Division of Addiction Research, Dominion Diagnostics, LLC. North Kingston, RI, USA 11Victory Nutrition International, Lederach, PA., USA 12National Human Genome Center at Howard University, Washington, DC., USA, Marjorie Gondré-Lewis, 12National Human Genome Center at Howard University, Washington, DC., USA 13Departments of Anatomy and Psychiatry, Howard University College of Medicine, Washington, DC US, Bruce Steinberg, 4Division of Applied Clinical Research and Education, Dominion Diagnostics, LLC, North Kingstown, RI, USA, Igor Elman, 15Department Psychiatry, Cooper University School of Medicine, Camden, NJ, USA, David Baron, 3Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Keck Medicine University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA, Edward J Modestino, 14Department of Psychology, Curry College, Milton, MA, USA, Rajendra D Badgaiyan, 15Department Psychiatry, Cooper University School of Medicine, Camden, NJ, USA, Mark S Gold 16Department of Psychiatry, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, USA, "Our evolved unique pleasure circuit makes humans different from apes: Reconsideration of data derived from animal studies", U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs, 28 February 2018, accessed: 19 August 2020, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6446569/~~ R.S. AND these circuits contribute to diverse pathologies, including obesity and addiction or RDS. ~ Extinction outweighsPummer 15 ~Theron, Junior Research Fellow in Philosophy at St. Anne's College, University of Oxford. "Moral Agreement on Saving the World" Practical Ethics, University of Oxford. May 18, 2015~ AT AND be acting very wrongly." (From chapter 36 of On What Matters) ~ Util is a lexical pre-requisite to any other framework-threats to bodily security and life preclude the ability for moral actors to effectively utilize and act upon other moral theories since they are in a constant state of crisis that inhibit the ideal moral conditions which other theories presuppose – so, util comes first and my offense outweighs theirs under their own framework. | 1/15/22 |
JF - DA - ChinaTournament: 47th University of Pennsylvania Tournament | Round: 1 | Opponent: Wilcox KM | Judge: Kumail Zaidi DA – ChinaXi’s regime is stable now, but its success depends on strong growth and private sector developmentMitter and Johnson 21 ~Rana Mitter and Elsbeth Johnson, Rana Mitter is a professor of the history and politics of modern China at Oxford. Elsbeth Johnson, formerly the strategy director for Prudential PLC’s Asian business, is a senior lecturer at MIT’s Sloan School of Management and the founder of SystemShift, a consulting firm. May-June 2021, "What the West Gets Wrong About China," Harvard Business Review, https://hbr.org/2021/05/what-the-west-gets-wrong-about-china accessed 12/14/21~ Adam AND University thanks to social mobility and the party’s significant investment in scientific research. Xi has committed to the commercial space industry as the linchpin of China’s rise – the plan is seen as a complete 180Patel 21 ~Neel V. Patel, Neel is a space reporter for MIT Technology Review. 1-21-2021, "China’s surging private space industry is out to challenge the US," MIT Technology Review, https://www.technologyreview.com/2021/01/21/1016513/china-private-commercial-space-industry-dominance/ accessed 12/14/21~ Adam AND for the commercial space sector as it tries to expand," he says. Shifts in regime perception threatens CCP’s legitimacy from nationalist hardlinersWeiss 19 Jessica Weiss 1-29-2019 "Authoritarian Audiences, Rhetoric, and Propaganda in International Crises: Evidence from China" http://www.jessicachenweiss.com/uploads/3/0/6/3/30636001/19-01-24-elite-statements-isq-ca.pdf (Associate Professor of Government at Cornell University)Elmer AND to it more directly than even the U.S. government."11 Xi will launch diversionary war to domestic backlash – escalates in multiple hotspotsNorris 17, William J. Geostrategic Implications of China’s Twin Economic Challenges. CFR Discussion Paper, 2017. (Associate professor of Chinese foreign and security policy at Texas AandM University’s Bush School of Government and Public Service)Elmer AND resource is directed shifts away from industrial and export production toward domestic consumption. ====US–China war goes nuclear – crisis mis-management ensures conventional escalation - extinction==== AND during a military crisis, but it would make one far less likely. | 2/11/22 |
JF - DA - InnovationTournament: Lexington Winter Invitational | Round: 1 | Opponent: NSU SF | Judge: Anthony Survance Innovation DA—-1NCStrong commercial space catalyzes tech innovation – progress at the margins and spinoff tech change global information networksJoshua Hampson 2017, Security Studies Fellow at the Niskanen Center, 1-25-2017, "The Future of Space Commercialization", Niskanen Center, https://republicans-science.house.gov/sites/republicans.science.house.gov/files/documents/TheFutureofSpaceCommercializationFinal.pdf AND to global networks, and new opportunities could lead to wider economic growth. Short innovation cycles mean every contract countsJohn J. Klein 19, Senior Fellow and Strategist at Falcon Research Inc. and adjunct professor at the George Washington University Space Policy Institute, 1-15-2019, "Rethinking Requirements and Risk in the New Space Age," Center for a New American Security, https://www.cnas.org/publications/reports/rethinking-requirements-and-risk-in-the-new-space-age AND verify that satellites can perform missions with a very low probability of failure. Tech innovation solves every existential threat – cumulative extinction events outweigh the affDylan Matthews 18. Co-founder of Vox, citing Nick Beckstead @ Rutgers University. 10-26-2018. "How to help people millions of years from now." Vox. https://www.vox.com/future-perfect/2018/10/26/18023366/far-future-effective-altruism-existential-risk-doing-good AND far future, then effective altruism just becomes plain ol’ do-goodery.* | 1/15/22 |
JF - DA - OSTTournament: Lexington Winter Invitational | Round: 4 | Opponent: San Mateo YR | Judge: Aditya Madaraju DAOST Credibility is high now – no violations.Stuart 17 Jill Stuart 1-27-2017 "The Outer Space Treaty has been remarkably successful – but is it fit for the modern age?" https://theconversation.com/the-outer-space-treaty-has-been-remarkably-successful-but-is-it-fit-for-the-modern-age-71381 (Visiting Fellow, Department of Government, London School of Economics and Political Science)Elmer AND of the treaty in mind, rather than seeking to undermine it entirely. Normal Means requires amending the OST – that causes a runaway amendment convention.Vedda 18 Jim Vedda May 2018 https://aerospace.org/sites/default/files/2018-05/OuterSpaceTreaty.pdf (senior policy analyst, PhD in Political Science at University of Florida)Elmer AND assigned to development of a well-reasoned and comprehensive national space strategy. That wrecks the OST.Melroy 17 Pamela Melroy 5-23-2017 "Reopening the American Frontier: Exploring How the Outer Space Treaty Will Impact American Commerce and Settlement in Space" https://www.hsdl.org/?abstractanddid=807259 (Retired NASA Astronaut)Elmer AND appropriate and what is not. Without them, the dialog becomes chaos. Asteroid mining specifically throws it into chaos – also a reason the aff gets circumventedEvanoff 17 ~Kyle Evanoff, Kyle is a research associate in international economics and U.S. foreign policy at the Council on Foreign Relations 10/10/17, "The Outer Space Treaty’s Midlife Funk," Council on Foreign Relations https://www.cfr.org/blog/outer-space-treatys-midlife-funk accessed 12/11/2021~ Adam AND regime may be untenable over longer timelines, it remains workable for now. Credible OST solves Space War – they said that’s badJohnson 17 Christopher Johnson 1-23-2017 "The Outer Space Treaty at 50" , http://thespacereview.com/article/3155/1 (graduate of Leiden University’s International Institute of Air and Space Law and the International Space University)Elmer AND are the rich long-term gains resulting from the Outer Space Treaty. | 1/15/22 |
JF - T - Passive VoiceTournament: 47th University of Pennsylvania Tournament | Round: 1 | Opponent: Wilcox KM | Judge: Kumail Zaidi TInterpretation: the affirmative debater must only defend the topic in a passive voice.Violation: they defend the topic in an active voiceStandards:Limits: predictable limits is the only way to give the neg a chance to win – aff choice that justifies choosing an infinite number of actors shifts the grounds for the debate and puts the aff far ahead — generics don’t check because nothing can answer all the different countries, especially Russia, China, and US. They explode limits— bad for fairness because we can’t engage with their positions, and education is wrecked because it prevents us from actually having a debateTVA solves their offense: The appropriation of outer space by private entities is unjust. Any disads to the TVA flow neg because they aren’t entitled to the perfect affFairness – 1) intrinsic good 2) args presume fairnessEducation – portable impact of debateDTD – 1) deter future abuse 2) round already skewed 3) dta doesn’t make sense bc it’s the entirety of their case and what I had to engage withCI – 1) race to the top, best norms 2) reas arbitraryNo RVIs – 1) illogical don’t win for being fair 2) chilling effect to be abusive and bait theory | 2/11/22 |
ND - DA - EconTournament: Virtual Scarsdale Invitational Scarvite | Round: 6 | Opponent: Lexington AM | Judge: Amy Nyberg The Global Economy is stabilizing and set for increases in 2021 but is still vulnerable to shocksWorld Bank 6-8 6-8-2021 "The Global Economy: on Track for Strong but Uneven Growth as COVID-19 Still Weighs" https://www.worldbank.org/en/news/feature/2021/06/08/the-global-economy-on-track-for-strong-but-uneven-growth-as-covid-19-still-weighs AND continues to flare, it will shape the path of global economic activity. Strikes create a stigmatization effect over labor and consumption that devastates the EconomyTenza 20, Mlungisi. "The effects of violent strikes on the economy of a developing country: a case of South Africa." Obiter 41.3 (2020): 519-537. (Senior Lecturer, University of KwaZulu-Natal) AND with a GDP declined by 0.72 and 0.78.32 Economic Collapse goes Nuclear – extinction!Tønnesson 15, Stein. "Deterrence, interdependence and Sino–US peace." International Area Studies Review 18.3 (2015): 297-311. (the Department of Peace and Conflict, Uppsala University, Sweden, and Peace research Institute Oslo (PRIO), Norway) AND each other, with a view to obliging Washington or Beijing to intervene. The plan causes cascading wage demands and skyrocketing inflationBhandari 19 ~Ryan Bhandari, Former Senior Policy Advisor, Economic Program, "What Is the "Federal Jobs Guarantee" and What Are People Saying About It?" , Third Way, 3-25-19~ AR AND last few decades. A federal jobs guarantee could change that pretty quickly. That collapses the economyColombo 18 ~Jesse Colombo is an economic analyst and Forbes contributor who warns about bubbles and future financial crises, "How Interest Rate Hikes Will Trigger The Next Financial Crisis", Forbes, 9-27-18~ AR AND to the unprecedented imbalances and distortions that have built up in our economy. Economic growth key to check every world crisis
| 12/4/21 |
ND - DA - Econ v2Tournament: Ridge Debates | Round: 2 | Opponent: Bridgewater Raritan AD | Judge: Lisa Willoughby Strikes hurt the Economy:1~ They hurt critical core industries that is necessary for economic growthMcElroy 19 John McElroy 10-25-2019 "Strikes Hurt Everybody" https://www.wardsauto.com/ideaxchange/strikes-hurt-everybody (MPA at McCombs school of Business) This creates a poisonous relationship between the company and its workforce. Many GM hourly workers don’t identify as GM employees. They identify as UAW members. And they see the union as the source of their jobs, not the company. It’s an unhealthy dynamic that puts GM at a disadvantage to non-union automakers in the U.S. like Honda and Toyota, where workers take pride in the company they work for and the products they make. Attacking the company in the media also drives away customers. Who wants to buy a shiny new car from a company that’s accused of underpaying its workers and treating them unfairly? Data from the Center for Automotive Research (CAR) in Ann Arbor, MI, show that GM loses market share during strikes and never gets it back. GM lost two percentage points during the 1998 strike, which in today’s market would represent a loss of 340,000 sales. Because GM reports sales on a quarterly basis we’ll only find out at the end of December if it lost market share from this strike. UAW members say one of their greatest concerns is job security. But causing a company to lose market share is a sure-fire path to more plant closings and layoffs. Even so, unions are incredibly important for boosting wages and benefits for working-class people. GM’s UAW-represented workers earn considerably more than their non-union counterparts, about $26,000 more per worker, per year, in total compensation. Without a union they never would have achieved that. Strikes are a powerful weapon for unions. They usually are the only way they can get management to accede to their demands. If not for the power of collective bargaining and the threat of a strike, management would largely ignore union demands. If you took away that threat, management would pay its workers peanuts. Just ask the Mexican line workers who are paid $1.50 an hour to make $50,000 BMWs. But strikes don’t just hurt the people walking the picket lines or the company they’re striking against. They hurt suppliers, car dealers and the communities located near the plants. The Anderson Economic Group estimates that 75,000 workers at supplier companies were temporarily laid off because of the GM strike. Unlike UAW picketers, those supplier workers won’t get any strike pay or an $11,000 contract signing bonus. No, most of them lost close to a month’s worth of wages, which must be financially devastating for them. GM’s suppliers also lost a lot of money. So now they’re cutting budgets andThe Global Economy is stabilizing and set for increases in 2021 but is still vulnerable to shocksWorld Bank 6-8 6-8-2021 "The Global Economy: on Track for Strong but Uneven Growth as COVID-19 Still Weighs" https://www.worldbank.org/en/news/feature/2021/06/08/the-global-economy-on-track-for-strong-but-uneven-growth-as-covid-19-still-weighs AND continues to flare, it will shape the path of global economic activity. Strikes create a stigmatization effect over labor and consumption that devastates the EconomyTenza 20, Mlungisi. "The effects of violent strikes on the economy of a developing country: a case of South Africa." Obiter 41.3 (2020): 519-537. (Senior Lecturer, University of KwaZulu-Natal) AND with a GDP declined by 0.72 and 0.78.32 Economic Collapse goes Nuclear – extinction!Tønnesson 15, Stein. "Deterrence, interdependence and Sino–US peace." International Area Studies Review 18.3 (2015): 297-311. (the Department of Peace and Conflict, Uppsala University, Sweden, and Peace research Institute Oslo (PRIO), Norway) AND each other, with a view to obliging Washington or Beijing to intervene. Strikes do more harm than good – they stifle productivity, risk market disruption, and harm ununionized people Richard A. Epstein 20, legal scholar known for writings on law, economics, and classical liberalism, Laurence A. Tisch Professor of Law at New York University, James Parker Hall Distinguished Service Professor of Law at the University of Chicago 1/27/20, "The Decline Of Unions Is Good News", https://www.hoover.org/research/decline-unions-good-news AND But turning the clock back to increase union power is not the answer. | 12/11/21 |
ND - DA - Police Strikes v1Tournament: Ridge Debates | Round: 4 | Opponent: Hunter AH | Judge: Jesse Laitman Contention 1Police Strikes are used to combat racial progress and attempts to limit police union power. Making them legal and easier only make progress much harder.Grim 2020 Andrew Grim What is the ‘blue flu’ and how has it increased police power? https://www.washingtonpost.com/outlook/2020/07/01/what-is-blue-flu-how-has-it-increased-police-power/SJKS AND wrest back control of the public debate on policing and reassert their independence. These strikes strengthen unions that contribute to increased violence, and protection of misconductSerwer 6/24 Serwer, Adam. "Bust the Police Unions." The Atlantic, Atlantic Media Company, 24 June 2021, www.theatlantic.com/magazine/archive/2021/07/bust-the-police-unions/619006/SJKS AND officers always report serious criminal violations involving abuse of authority by fellow officers." That leads to endless amounts of racist violence and the bolstering of the prison industrial complex.Chaney and Ray 13, Cassandra (Has a PhD and is a professor at LSU. Also has a strong focus in the structure of Black families) , and Ray V. Robertson (Also has a PhD and is a criminal justice professor at LSU). "Racism and police brutality in America." Journal of African American Studies 17.4 (2013): 480-505. SMdo I really need a card for this AND shape both intergroup dynamics and support for criminal justice policy (Leverentz 2012). | 12/11/21 |
ND - DA - TechTournament: Virtual Scarsdale Invitational Scarvite | Round: 2 | Opponent: Stuyvesant HJ | Judge: Tracy Brown Global tech innovation is high now.Mercury News et al 6/4 ~Mercury News and East Bay Times Editorial Boards, June 4, 2021, "Editorial: How America can Win the Global Tech War" https://www.mercurynews.com/2021/06/04/editorial-why-silicon-valley-needs-endless-frontier-bill/ gord0~ AND investments in research and development that will spark the next wave of innovation. Violent strike efforts are increasing – they slow innovation, specifically in the tech sector.Hanasoge 16 ~Chaithra; Senior Research Analyst, Market Researcher, Consumer Insights, Strategy Consulting; "The Union Strikes: The Good, the Bad and the Ugly," Supply Wisdom; April/June 2016 (Doesn’t specifically say but this is the most recent event is cites); https://www.supplywisdom.com/resources/the-union-strikes-the-good-the-bad-and-the-ugly/~~//SJWen AND in a city like Kolkata, which carries a strong trade union culture. Victories like the aff mobilizes unions in the IT sector.Vynck et al 21 ~Gerrit De; Carleton University, BA in Journalism and Global Politics, tech reporter for The Washington Post. He writes about Google and the algorithms that increasingly shape society. He previously covered tech for seven years at Bloomberg News; Nitashu Tiku; Columbia University, BA in English, New York University, MA in Journalism, Washington Post's tech culture reporter based in San Francisco; Macalester College, BA in English, Columbia University, MS in Journalism, reporter for The Washington Post who is focused on technology coverage in the Pacific Northwest; "Six things to know about the latest efforts to bring unions to Big Tech," The Washington Post; https://www.washingtonpost.com/technology/2021/01/26/tech-unions-explainer/~~//SJWen AND as the PRO Act, to recognize gig worker collectives as real unions. Technological innovation solves every existential threat – which outweighs.Matthews 18 Dylan. Co-founder of Vox, citing Nick Beckstead @ Rutgers University. 10-26-2018. "How to help people millions of years from now." Vox. https://www.vox.com/future-perfect/2018/10/26/18023366/far-future-effective-altruism-existential-risk-doing-good AND far future, then effective altruism just becomes plain ol’ do-goodery. | 11/13/21 |
ND - K - Settler Colonialism vs ContractualismTournament: Princeton Classic | Round: 6 | Opponent: Unionville AS | Judge: Claudia Ribera SetcolSettler colonialism is not a one-off occurrence – it requires the combination of external and internal colonialism fused with the identity-making of the settler through the erasure of indigenous populations that rewrites ontological identity and relationships.Tuck and Yang 12 Eve Tuck and K. Wayne Yang, 2012, "Decolonization is not a metaphor," Decolonization: Indigeneity, Education and Society AND whereas the Indigenous inhabitant and the chattel slave are unnatural, even supernatural. Ideal theory is a form of abstraction away from the material violence of settler colonialism – their view from nowhere is not only useless but actively props up settlerism.Nichols 13 Nichols, R. (2013). Indigeneity and the Settler Contract today. Philosophy and Social Criticism, 39(2), 165–186. doi:10.1177/0191453712470359 SM AND reformulate some modified version of analytic contract theory in relation to indigenous peoples. The alternative is one of decolonization – settlers need to enact an ethic of incommensurability to relinquish settler futurity.Tuck and Yang 12 Eve Tuck and K. Wayne Yang, 2012, "Decolonization is not a metaphor," Decolonization: Indigeneity, Education and Society, SJ DL AND - these are the unwritten possibilities made possible by an ethic of incommensurability. The role of the ballot is to vote for who best centers indigenous scholarship and resistance— Any ethical commitment requires that the aff place themselves in the center of Native scholarship and demands.Carlson 16 (Elizabeth Carlson, PhD, is an Aamitigoozhi, Wemistigosi, and Wasicu (settler Canadian and American), whose Swedish, Saami, German, Scots-Irish, and English ancestors have settled on lands of the Anishinaabe and Omaha Nations which were unethically obtained by the US government. Elizabeth lives on Treaty 1 territory, the traditional lands of the Anishinaabe, Nehiyawak, Dakota, Nakota, and Red River Metis peoples currently occupied by the city of Winnipeg, the province of Manitoba, (2016): Anti-colonial methodologies and practices for settler colonial studies, Settler Colonial Studies, DOI: 10.1080/2201473X.2016.1241213) recut SJ DL AND I believe our contributions to settler colonial studies are even more deeply problematic. | 12/4/21 |
ND - K - Settler Colonialism vs KantTournament: Virtual Scarsdale Invitational Scarvite | Round: 3 | Opponent: Bronx Science NS | Judge: Micah Thode Settler colonialism is not a one-off occurrence – it requires the combination of external and internal colonialism fused with the identity-making of the settler through the erasure of indigenous populations that rewrites ontological identity and relationships.Tuck and Yang 12 Eve Tuck and K. Wayne Yang, 2012, "Decolonization is not a metaphor," Decolonization: Indigeneity, Education and Society AND whereas the Indigenous inhabitant and the chattel slave are unnatural, even supernatural. Settler workers are still settlers – the 1ac grounds their politics in a defense of indigenous dispossession and necessitates settler expansion.Englert 20 Sai Englert (lecturer @ Universiteit Leiden), 2020, "Settlers, Workers, and the Logic of Accumulation by Dispossession," Antipode, Vol. 0, No. 0, doi:10.1111/anti.12659 AND brief case studies demonstrating this process in the context of Zionism in Palestine. Ideal theory is a form of abstraction away from the material violence of settler colonialism – their view from nowhere is not only useless but actively props up settlerism.Nichols 13 Nichols, R. (2013). Indigeneity and the Settler Contract today. Philosophy and Social Criticism, 39(2), 165–186. doi:10.1177/0191453712470359 SM AND reformulate some modified version of analytic contract theory in relation to indigenous peoples. The alternative is one of decolonization – settlers need to enact an ethic of incommensurability to relinquish settler futurity.Tuck and Yang 12 Eve Tuck and K. Wayne Yang, 2012, "Decolonization is not a metaphor," Decolonization: Indigeneity, Education and Society, SJ DL AND - these are the unwritten possibilities made possible by an ethic of incommensurability. The role of the ballot is to vote for who best centers indigenous scholarship and resistance— Any ethical commitment requires that the aff place themselves in the center of Native scholarship and demands.Carlson 16 (Elizabeth Carlson, PhD, is an Aamitigoozhi, Wemistigosi, and Wasicu (settler Canadian and American), whose Swedish, Saami, German, Scots-Irish, and English ancestors have settled on lands of the Anishinaabe and Omaha Nations which were unethically obtained by the US government. Elizabeth lives on Treaty 1 territory, the traditional lands of the Anishinaabe, Nehiyawak, Dakota, Nakota, and Red River Metis peoples currently occupied by the city of Winnipeg, the province of Manitoba, (2016): Anti-colonial methodologies and practices for settler colonial studies, Settler Colonial Studies, DOI: 10.1080/2201473X.2016.1241213) recut SJ DL AND I believe our contributions to settler colonial studies are even more deeply problematic. Top level framing issues –1~ Every morally repugnant blip in the 1AC is an independent link that they shouldn’t be allowed to kick out of – a refusal to hold the aff accountable for the racist choices they made in the 1AC encourages students to knowingly blip out racist one liners for strategic gain and is a form of settler fluidity2~ You should auto reject any aff FW arg that tries to claim the impacts of the K don’t matter – denying that things like genocide or racism matter makes the debate space unsafe and encourages the development of racist subjectivities – that outweighs – a~ accessibility – maintaining a safe environment is a pre requisite to every other impact b~ it disproves the conclusion of their theory even if you can’t pinpoint exactly where it fell apart3~ I’m making this clear at the top – I am NOT going to read util and they can NOT extend their util offense – there are two ROBs in the round – kant and the K ROB – and if we win kant is wrong that means you should evaluate the K’s framing which is explicitly not utilitarian and is about the aff’s resesrach project not the consequences of the plan | 11/13/21 |
ND - LayTournament: Princeton Classic | Round: 3 | Opponent: Durham BG | Judge: Qing Liu First an observation: according to Merriam Webster, unconditional means not conditional or limited, which means that the affirmative has to prove that any right to strike would be allowed.Contention 1Nurse strikes devastate hospitalsWright 10 Sarah H. Wright July 2010 "Evidence on the Effects of Nurses' Strikes" https://www.nber.org/digest/jul10/evidence-effects-nurses-strikes (Researcher at National Bureau of Economic Research) AND nursing were more likely to fare worse in the presence of nurses' strikes. Hospitals are the critical internal link for pandemic preparedness.Al Thobaity 20, Abdullelah, and Farhan Alshammari. "Nurses on the frontline against the COVID-19 pandemic: an Integrative review." Dubai Medical Journal 3.3 (2020): 87-92. (Associate Professor of Nursing at Taif University) AND disaster, responsible people will do all but the impossible to save lives. New Pandemics are deadlier and faster are coming – COVID is just the beginningAntonelli 20 Ashley Fuoco Antonelli 5-15-2020 https://www.advisory.com/daily-briefing/2020/05/15/weekly-line "Weekly line: Why deadly disease outbreaks could become more common—even after Covid-19" (Associate Editor — American Health Line) AND globalization is likely to continue—meaning so could infectious diseases' far spread. Contention 2Business Confidence is high now – best surveys.ICAEW 8-20 8-20-2021 "Business confidence remains at record high as economy gets sales boost" https://www.icaew.com/about-icaew/news/press-release-archive/2021-news-releases/business-confidence-remains-at-record-high-as-economy-gets-sales-boost (Institute of Chartered Accountants in England and Wales)Elmer AND , but finances are fragile and any additional costs could threaten the recovery." Right to Strike has unintended effects that threaten growth and business confidence.Tenza 20, Mlungisi. "The effects of violent strikes on the economy of a developing country: a case of South Africa." Obiter 41.3 (2020): 519-537. (lecturer in the field of Labour Law at the School of Law. He holds a LLM Degree.)Elmer AND was held not to be in line with good conduct of striking.26 Corporate optimism, specifically investment, drives self-sustaining recovery.Van der Welle 7-7 Peter Van der Welle 7-7-2021 "How capex holds the key to a self-sustaining economic recovery" https://www.robeco.com/latam/en/insights/2021/07/how-capex-holds-the-key-to-a-self-sustaining-economic-recovery.html (Strategist within the Global Macro team, M.A. in Economics from Tilburg University)Elmer AND labor costs, and that means profit margins can stay elevated for longer. | 12/4/21 |
ND - NC - HobbesTournament: Princeton Classic | Round: 1 | Opponent: Olympia OE | Judge: Phoenix Pittman HobbesThe role of the ballot is to determine whether the resolution is a true or false statement –~1~ Answers collapse to truth testing since they require truth value i.e. truth testing is false requires proving that it is true that truth testing is false which means we’re also a prerequisite to your framing.~2~ Changing the structure of the activity can’t occur within the round i.e. in the middle of a chess match, it’s nonsensical to bring up new rules unless discussed outside of the act of playing the game – out of round rule-setting solves 100 of your offense.~3~ Nothing leaves this round other than the result on the ballot which means even if there is a higher purpose, it doesn’t change anything, and you should just write whatever is important on the ballot and vote for me.Next, presumption and permissibility negate—~1~ They have to prove the existence of an obligation to do the res– permissibility flows neg.~2~ There’s an infinite number of other, mutually exclusive actions and one of them is probably better than the aff.~3~ Statements are more likely false than true since there’s infinite ways to deny a statement but only one way to prove it.To negate means "to deny the truth of" (Merriam Webster) so presumption and permissibility semantically negate. (https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/negate)====The metaethic is constructivism – truth is not absolute but rather created by individuals based on their own individual perspective. Prefer it~1~ Opacity – we can never access another person’s perspective because we can never fully understand how someone else thinks. Every truth I create cannot be universalized because I can’t guarantee that they will create the same truth because they do what they want~2~ Linguistics – Truth is constructed by language, which is completely arbitrary. Nothing tells me that a chair is a chair; I only assign it that name arbitrarily because I want to. Meaning can’t be contained within language if we make it up ourselves, and truth doesn’t exist absent language.But, the state of nature leads to infinite violence – competing truth claims means conflicts cannot be resolved. Two warrants:~1~ Ambiguity – everyone can assert their own claims to be true and refuse contestation – this means we always fight over who is correct. This is irresolvable because there is no mediator to adjudicate the dispute and tell who is correct – we just fight forever~2~ Self-Interest – everyone wants their truth claims to be true because it benefits them – this leads to conflict because we can’t divide limited resources and have to compete with each other – terminates in death because neither of us want to concede to the otherThe solution is the creation of the sovereign to mediate what is true and enforce the law; she is the ultimate ruler and arbitrator. It must eliminate all conflicts to bring peace to our violent natures.Thus the standard is consistency with the will of the sovereign. Prefer: 1~ Weighability: this framework is just a question of whether or not you’re consistent with the sovereign’s will2~ Inclusion: Hobbes is mainly analytic so it doesn’t require a ton of topic prep which is good for accessibility for small-school debaters.Impact Calculus: Only evaluate impacts to structural purpose –what you justify through doing the action. We can control what we justify but we can’t control what we cause.Prefer my standard additionally1. Infinite Regress- other moral theories inevitably fail because individuals can question why they follow them, but state-based morality escapes this because individuals consent to the state by virtue of engaging in it.2. Constitutivism– other moral theories might matter in the abstract but obligations differ based on the nature of agency. For example, a janitor has different obligations than teachers, in the same vein the state has unique obligations that might be inconsistent with morality in general.Now negate:~1~ Legislation – Strikes undermine the sovereigns’ ability to legislate since it’s subjects can place infinite demands on it and undermine its legitimacy~2~ Autonomy – you can’t place an obligation onto the sovereign or force it to recognize something it doesn’t already recognize.~3~ Self Defense – the right to strike would weaken the power of the state since it would force the sovereign to recognize revolts that oppose it and move closer to state of nature~4~ the state’s perspective determines what is just so if the state decides not to recognize the unconditional right of workers to strike that’s what the state has decided is just | 12/3/21 |
ND - PHIL - KantTournament: Virtual Scarsdale Invitational Scarvite | Round: 3 | Opponent: Bronx Science NS | Judge: Micah Thode ~1~ Strikes fail to fulfill dutyFourie 17 Johan Fourie 11-30-2017 "Ethicality of Labor-Strike Demonstrates by Social Workers" https://www.otherpapers.com/essay/Ethicality-of-Labor-Strike-Demonstrates-by-Social-Workers/62694.html (Johan Fourie is professor of Economics and History at Stellenbosch University.) JG AND and demonstrating labor strike action is not adhering to duty or morally permissible. | 11/13/21 |
ND - T - Must Not Spec GovernmentTournament: Princeton Classic | Round: 1 | Opponent: Olympia OE | Judge: Phoenix Pittman TInterpretation: The affirmative may not specify a just government that recognizes workers’ unconditional right to strike ."A" is an indefinite article that modifies "just government" in the res – means that you have to prove the resolution true in a VACCUM, not in a particular instanceCCC ("Articles, Determiners, and Quantifiers", http://grammar.ccc.commnet.edu/grammar/determiners/determiners.htm~~#articles, Capital Community College Foundation, a nonprofit 501 c-3 organization that supports scholarships, faculty development, and curriculum innovation) LHSLA JC/SJ AND the former (see beagle sentence) refers to all members of that class Violation: they spec ~x~Standards:~1~ precision – the counter-interp justifies them arbitrarily doing away with random words in the resolution which decks negative ground and preparation because the aff is no longer bounded by the resolution. Independent voter for jurisdiction – the judge doesn’t have the jurisdiction to vote aff if there wasn’t a legitimate aff.~2~ limits – the UN says there are 195 recognized governments in the world but even that’s not an agreed upon brightline because there are just governments that are not yet countries – explodes limits since there are tons of independent affs plus functionally infinite combinations, all with different advantages in different political situations incentivinsing more cheaty pics due to lack of ground – especially true for china where we can either read generic disads that don’t link or lose. Kills neg prep and debatability since there are no universal DAs that apply to every aff and need specific links – econs and geopolitical statuses are different3~ Topic education – picking obscure workers skirts the topic literature and prevents substantive engagement with actual controversies, encourages one-weekend affs that have no opposing literature. Our model is k2 learning about the core of the topic through debates about genericsFairness – debate is a competitive activity that requires fairness for objective evaluation. Outweighs because it’s the only intrinsic part of debate – all other rules can be debated over but rely on some conception of fairness to be justified.Drop the debater – a~ deter future abuse and b~ set better norms for debate.Competing interps – ~a~ reasonability is arbitrary and encourages judge intervention since there’s no clear norm, ~b~ it creates a race to the top where we create the best possible norms for debate.No RVIs – a~ illogical, you don’t win for proving that you meet the burden of being fair, logic outweighs since it’s a prerequisite for evaluating any other argument, b~ RVIs incentivize baiting theory and prepping it out which leads to maximally abusive practices | 12/3/21 |
ND - TURN - EconomyTournament: Virtual Scarsdale Invitational Scarvite | Round: 2 | Opponent: Stuyvesant HJ | Judge: Tracy Brown Strikes hurt the Economy:1~ They hurt critical core industries that is necessary for economic growthMcElroy 19 John McElroy 10-25-2019 "Strikes Hurt Everybody" https://www.wardsauto.com/ideaxchange/strikes-hurt-everybody (MPA at McCombs school of Business) AND be a better way to get workers a raise without torching the countryside. 2~ Strikes create a stigmatization effect over labor and consumption that devastates the EconomyTenza 20, Mlungisi. "The effects of violent strikes on the economy of a developing country: a case of South Africa." Obiter 41.3 (2020): 519-537. (Senior Lecturer, University of KwaZulu-Natal) AND with a GDP declined by 0.72 and 0.78.32 Low wages inevitable and structural—-labor monopsony, non-compete agreements and no unionsSmith 6-11-2018 – PhD, former assistant professor of finance at Stony Brook University (Noah, "Commentary: A job market this tight should deliver bigger raises," Chicago Tribune, http://www.chicagotribune.com/business/columnists/ct-biz-job-market-raises-20180611-story.html)//BB AND The idea that employer power is holding down wages is becoming more popular. Strikes do more harm than good – they stifle productivity, risk market disruption, and harm ununionized people Richard A. Epstein 20, legal scholar known for writings on law, economics, and classical liberalism, Laurence A. Tisch Professor of Law at New York University, James Parker Hall Distinguished Service Professor of Law at the University of Chicago 1/27/20, "The Decline Of Unions Is Good News", https://www.hoover.org/research/decline-unions-good-news AND will only cripple the very workers whom those actions are intended to help. | 11/13/21 |
ND - TURN - EducationTournament: Virtual Scarsdale Invitational Scarvite | Round: 6 | Opponent: Lexington AM | Judge: Amy Nyberg Teacher strikes can be disastrous and hurt student growth, killing potential for innovationNorton and Hernandez 18 ~Hilary and Tracy. Hilary Norton is BizFed chair and executive director of FAST (Fixing Angelenos Stuck in Traffic). Tracy Hernandez is the founding CEO of the Los Angeles County Business Federation (BizFed) and president of IMPOWER Inc.. "Commentary: A teachers strike is bad for our students, families and economy ". 10-10-2018. No Publication. http://laschoolreport.com/commentary-a-teachers-strike-is-bad-for-our-students-families-and-economy/.~~ AND improve our city’s education system for all. Keep our future leaders learning! | 12/4/21 |
ND - TURN - Ice AgeTournament: Virtual Scarsdale Invitational Scarvite | Round: 6 | Opponent: Lexington AM | Judge: Amy Nyberg Ice age coming but warming stops it – most recent evMartin 2/7 ~Sean Martin, 2-7-2020, "Ice age shock: ‘Timing is right for the next ice age to come around soon’," Express.co.uk, https://www.express.co.uk/news/science/1239246/ice-age-long-range-weather-forecast-climate-change-weather-warning, accessed 9-5-2020~LHSBC AND , so the next ice age is postponed for a very long time. Ice age causes extinction—Chapman 8 (Phil, geophysicist and astronautical engineer, bachelor of science degree in Physics and Mathematics from Sydney University, a master of science degree in Aeronautics and Astronautics from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, "Sorry to ruin the fun, but an ice age cometh," 4/23/08, The Australian, http://www.theaustralian.com.au/news/sorry-to-ruin-the-fun-but-an-ice-age-cometh/story-e6frg73o-1111116134873) AND in the bowels of Christ, think it possible you may be mistaken." | 12/4/21 |
ND - Turn - WarmingTournament: Ridge Debates | Round: 5 | Opponent: Bridgewater Raritan VS | Judge: Carlos Astacio ClimateCO2 is key to food production and biodiversity – it’s faster than their impacts.Goklany 15 Indur, PhD, was a member of the US delegation that established the IPCC and helped develop its First Assessment Report, Fellow at the Political Economy Research Center, Senior Adviser for Program Coordination at the U.S. Interior Department’s Office of Policy Analysis, Global Warming Policy Foundation, October 2015, "CARBON DIOXIDE The good news", http://www.thegwpf.org/content/uploads/2015/10/benefits1.pdf AND been a significant increase in the number of species at risk of extinction. Extinction from warming requires 12 degrees, far greater than their internal link, and intervening actors will solve before thenSebastian Farquhar 17, leads the Global Priorities Project (GPP) at the Centre for Effective Altruism, et al., 2017, "Existential Risk: Diplomacy and Governance," https://www.fhi.ox.ac.uk/wp-content/uploads/Existential-Risks-2017-01-23.pdf AND will therefore face strong incentives to find other ways to reduce global temperatures. | 12/11/21 |
SO - DA - BeesTournament: Yale University Invitational 2021 | Round: 1 | Opponent: Hunter AL | Judge: June Philip BeesEconomic growth destroys bee populationsPorterfield 15 - Andrew Porterfield, writer, editor, and communications consultant, specializing in biotech, life sciences and healthcare, the Genetic Literacy Project, 12-3-2015 ~"Trade and economic growth, not pesticides, major driver of beehive declines?", https://geneticliteracyproject.org/2015/12/03/trade-economic-growth-not-pesticides-major-driver-beehive-declines/, accessed 6-17-2019~ BH AND opens the door to including economic and business factors behind bee colony changes. Extinction – bee collapse causes a pollinator apocalypse followed by extreme food scarcityBaba 19 - Abu Imran Baba, In Alumni Hungary, 1-9-2019 Abu Imran Baba is a Freelance environmental writer and Research Scholar based in Europe at Molecular Genetics Lab, Biological Research Centre and University of Szeged, Hungary ~"Yes, bee extinction could mark end of humanity", https://alumninetworkhungary.hu/magazine/blogs/yes-bee-extinction-could-mark-end-humanity, accessed 10-8-2020~ BH AND As we are the one who are the main culprits of this disaster. | 9/17/21 |
SO - DA - BiotechnologyTournament: Yale University Invitational 2021 | Round: 1 | Opponent: Hunter AL | Judge: June Philip 1 - InnovationWe are on pace to cut emissions by half in 2030 and prevent 2 degree tipping point, but continued biotech innovation is keyMcmurry-Health 5-21 Michelle Mcmurry-Heath May 21, 2021, 5-21-2021, "To help solve climate change, look to the biosciences," STAT, https://www.statnews.com/2021/05/21/climate-change-solutions-from-biosciences/ Nato AND us into this mess. That same ingenuity can help get us out. Climate Patents and Innovation high now and solving Warming but patent waivers set a dangerous precedent for appropriations - the mere threat is sufficient is enough to kill investment.Brand 5-26, Melissa. "Trips Ip Waiver Could Establish Dangerous Precedent for Climate Change and Other Biotech Sectors." IPWatchdog.com | Patents and Patent Law, 26 May 2021, www.ipwatchdog.com/2021/05/26/trips-ip-waiver-establish-dangerous-precedent-climate-change-biotech-sectors/id=133964/. sid AND is unlikely they will continue to invest at the current and required levels. Climate change destroys the world.Specktor 19 ~Brandon; writes about the science of everyday life for Live Science, and previously for Reader's Digest magazine, where he served as an editor for five years; "Human Civilization Will Crumble by 2050 If We Don't Stop Climate Change Now, New Paper Claims," livescience, 6/4/19; https://www.livescience.com/65633-climate-change-dooms-humans-by-2050.html~~ Justin AND and perhaps "the end of human global civilization as we know it." | 9/17/21 |
SO - DA - ChinaTournament: Yale University Invitational 2021 | Round: 4 | Opponent: American Heritage Broward JA | Judge: Nathan Frenkel DisadThe US is leading the biopharmaceuticals race – but China is close. Catching up would be a death sentence for US lead.Gupta 21 ~Gaurav; Physician, founder of the biotechnology investment firm Ascendant BioCapital; "As Washington Ties Pharma’s Hands, China Is Leaping Ahead," Barrons; 6/11/21; https://www.barrons.com/articles/as-washington-ties-pharmas-hands-china-is-leaping-ahead-51623438808~~ Justin AND of research capacity will negatively affect Americans’ access to cutting-edge therapies. The plan gives away sensitive biotechnology information that facilitates a China lead – no 1ar evergreening turn – it would affect both nations and that info would still be availableRogin 21 ~Josh; Columnist for the Global Opinions section of the Washington Post and a political analyst with CNN. Previously, he has covered foreign policy and national security for Bloomberg View, Newsweek, the Daily Beast, Foreign Policy magazine, Congressional Quarterly, Federal Computer Week magazine and Japan’s Asahi Shimbun newspaper. He was a 2011 finalist for the Livingston Award for Young Journalists and the 2011 recipient of the Interaction Award for Excellence in International Reporting. Rogin holds a BA in international affairs from George Washington University and studied at Sophia University in Tokyo. He lives in Washington, DC; "Opinion: The wrong way to fight vaccine nationalism," The Washington Post; 4/8/21; https://www.washingtonpost.com/opinions/global-opinions/the-wrong-way-to-fight-vaccine-nationalism/2021/04/08/9a65e15e-98a8-11eb-962b-78c1d8228819'story.html~~ Justin AND Cohen, senior fellow at the University of California at Berkeley Law School. Gains are directly converted to military prowess – destroys US primacy.Kuo 17 ~Mercy A; Executive Vice President at Pamir Consulting; "The Great US-China Biotechnology and Artificial Intelligence Race," The Diplomat; 8/23/17; https://thediplomat.com/2017/08/the-great-us-china-biotechnology-and-artificial-intelligence-race/~~ TDI Re-Cut Justin AND are tailored to overcome the immune system or the microbiome of specific populations. That causes extinction.Yulis 17 ~Max; Major in PoliSci, Penn Political Review; "In Defense of Liberal Internationalism," Penn Political Review; 4/8/17; http://pennpoliticalreview.org/2017/04/in-defense-of-liberal-internationalism/~~ Re-Cut Justin AND limelight to advocate the virtues of peace, stability, and human rights. | 9/18/21 |
SO - DEFENSE - BioterrorTournament: Yale University Invitational 2021 | Round: 1 | Opponent: Hunter AL | Judge: June Philip Adv-2No precedence at all even tho high schoolers can edit genesCL isn’t key since vaccines protect people even if only a portion – no extinction Bioterrror will fail.Pinker 18 – Steven Arthur Pinker is a Canadian-American cognitive psychologist, Professor at Harvard University. ~Enlightenment Now: The Case for Reason, Science, Humanism, and Progress, Viking, Penguin Group~BPS AND By the time you read this you may know who has won.65 No extinction – COVID proves every internal warrantAdalja 16 ~Amesh Adalja, JUNE 17, 2016, "Why Hasn't Disease Wiped out the Human Race?", The Atlantic, https://www.theatlantic.com/health/archive/2016/06/infectious-diseases-extinction/487514 LEX JB~ AND short. In many ways, human consciousness became infectious diseases’ worthiest adversary. No Impact to Bioterrorism — adequate defenses, no precedent, bioterrorists will failEpstein, 10 (Gerald R. – Senior Fellow at the Center for Strategic Research and International Studies and assistant director for national security at the White House Office of Science and Technology Policy, October, "Are Microorganisms Macrothreats?", BioScience 60.9, p. 759-760, JSTOR) AND wrong, however, their recommendations would leave the country at greater risk. | 9/17/21 |
SO - PLAN FLAW - Compulsory LicensesTournament: Yale University Invitational 2021 | Round: 1 | Opponent: Hunter AL | Judge: June Philip PlanZero inherency since compulsory licenses are allowedWTO 2006, 9-2006, "WTO", No Publication, https://www.wto.org/english/tratop'e/trips'e/factsheet'pharm02'e.htm, accessed 9-17-2021, ~WTO means World Trade Organizing~ PHS-CB AND voluntary licence first. Doha declaration 5(b) and (c). | 9/17/21 |
SO - T - MedicineTournament: Yale University Invitational 2021 | Round: 5 | Opponent: Harrison EM | Judge: Devin Jiang 1NC – T-StatesInterp: The affirmative may not specify a subset of medicines on which the member nations of the World Trade organization ought to reduce intellectual property protections"Medicines" is a generic bare plural.Leslie 12 Leslie, Sarah-Jane. "Generics." In Routledge Handbook of Philosophy of Language, edited by Gillian Russell and Delia Fara, 355–366. Routledge, 2012. https://www.princeton.edu/~~sjleslie/RoutledgeHandbookEntryGenerics.pdf SM AND ", the adverb "sometimes" is perhaps better used than "usually".) This applies to the res – 1~ Upward entailment test – Saying some medicines ought to be banned doesn’t entail that they all ought to be 2~ Adverb test – medicines generally ought to be banned isn’t different from the resSemantics is a voter - if we win their grammatical interpretation is incorrect then we win the round: they don’t get to win defending something else.a~ Predictability – people base prep off the rez – no stasis point for arguments.b~ Jurisdiction – judges are obligated to vote on the topic, so even if you prove that the aff is true the judge can’t vote on it if you don’t prove the res true. Jurisdiction o/w b/c otherwise judges vote on anything they want and debate doesn’t matter.c~ Neg prep – semantics controls internal link to pragmatics b/c the words in the resolution should determine the division of aff and neg ground, anything else is arbitrary and wrecks pre-round prep because we only know what to prepare based on the words of the resolutionViolation: They specify '''''Prefer –1~ Limits – any permutation of any medicines each with different applications and consequences explodes aff ground – you cherry-pick affs with no neg ground. I must prep all affs while they prep one – forces uplayering and shallow debates. Pigeonholes me to generics that you’ll prep out with aff leverage so I lose on specificity.b~ Topic education – picking obscure medicines skirts the topic literature and prevents substantive engagement with actual controversies, encourages one-weekend affs that have no opposing literature. Our model is k2 learning about the core of the topic through debates about generics2~ TVA – read this aff as an advantage – we still get discussion on it – non-uniques any reason why their aff is uniquely good.Voters:Fairness – ~a~ Fairness – debate is fundamentally a game which requires both sides to have a relatively equal shot at winning and is necessary for any benefit to the activity. That outweighs: ~1~ Decision-making: every argument concedes to the validity of fairness i.e. that the judge will make a fair decision based on the arguments presented. This means if they win fairness bad vote neg on presumption because you have no obligation to fairly evaluate their arguments. ~2~ Probability: voting aff can’t solve any of their impacts but it can solve ours. All the ballot does is tell tab who won which can’t stop any violence but can resolve the fairness imbalance in this particular debate. ~3~ Fairness is a prior question to effective dialogue – If fairness is bad writ large vote neg regardless of the flow because it’s unfair. ~4~ The alternative to fairness is the same conditions of debate you say are bad which means if the aff is important, it necessarily means fairness is. ~5~ If the judge doesn't enforce fairness, none of your scholarship would pass since it would give them the unfair jurisdiction to reject it and vote you down. Even if they don't, rejecting fairness is a practice that would justify a bad norm, which all your arguments are predicated on anyways. ~6~ We can’t compare or interact to find the best solution to violence if the unfair nature of your arguments prevents me from strategizing. Fairness is an integral part of your solvency. 7~ Fairness is constitutive process of debate since debate is a game with a winner and loser, speech times, and flipping 30 min before the round- Constitutive Rules means any DA to our interpretation are inevitable and terminally non-uniqueEducation – it’s the only portable skill we take out of round.Drop the debater – 1~ a loss deters future abuse 2~ dropping the arg severs from your original advocacy which creates a 7-6 timeskew when you read new offense.Competing interps – 1~ Your brightline is arbitrary and based on what you did rather than the best one. 2~ leads to a race to the top since we figure out the best possible normNo RVI on T – 1~ logic – you shouldn’t win for being topical – outweighs since logic is a litmus test for arguments. 2~ they encourage you to read an abusive aff and prep out T. 3~ enables us to return to substance and get that education rather than debating T the whole time. | 10/1/21 |
SO - TURN - DedevTournament: Yale University Invitational 2021 | Round: 1 | Opponent: Hunter AL | Judge: June Philip DedevGrowth causes converging ecological crises that culminate in extinctionWilliams ‘19 (Casey Williams; freelance writer covering climate, environment, and labor politics, citing Ingrid Visseren-Hamakers, associate professor of environmental science and policy at George Mason University and a coordinating lead author of the IPBES report; 5/16/19; "The "Great Dying" Has Begun. Only Transforming the Economy Can Stop It."; Medium; https://onezero.medium.com/the-great-dying-has-begun-only-transforming-the-economy-can-stop-it-4eadd8f7ccf8) AND normal to talk about transformation, which is nothing less than a revolution." Transition is inevitable by 2030 —- attempting to cling to growth just deepens and intensifies the impact.Nafeez Mosaddeq Ahmed, 2017. Dr. Nafeez Mosaddeq Ahmed is Executive Director of the Institute for Policy Research and Development. DPhil in international relations from the School of Global Studies at Sussex University. Member of the Executive Committee of the British Muslim Human Rights Centre at London Metropolitan University’s Human Rights and Social Justice Institute. Taught at the Department of International Relations, University of Sussex, and has lectured at Brunel University’s Politics and History Unit at both undergraduate and postgraduate levels. Formerly a senior researcher at the Islamic Human Rights Commission. Award-winning 15-year investigative journalist, noted international security scholar, bestselling author, film-maker, and creator of INSURGE intelligence, a crowdfunded public interest investigative journalism project. "Failing States, Collapsing Systems: BioPhysical Triggers of Political Violence," SpringerBriefs in Energy Energy Analysis. Conclusions: From Systemic State-Failure to Civilizational Transition. Book. pp. 90-91 AND self-catabolic trajectory become more obvious—it will appear increasingly realistic. | 9/17/21 |
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