Park City Levinsky Neg
| Tournament | Round | Opponent | Judge | Cites | Round Report | Open Source | Edit/Delete |
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| ASU | 1 | Hamilton SM | Moon Sung Gwak |
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| ASU | 4 | BASIS Peoria PY | Nick Fleming |
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| ASU | 5 | Peninsula WW | Bennett Fees |
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| ASU | Quarters | Bellarmine AK | Panel |
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| ASU | Semis | Ayala AM | Panel |
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| Alta | 2 | James Logan MA | X Braithwaite |
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| Alta | 3 | Monta Vista RD | Leah Clark-Villenueva |
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| Alta | 6 | Dougherty Valley KM | Ausha Curry |
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| Alta | Doubles | Malborough LF | Panel |
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| Alta | Octas | Vestavia Hills DS | Panel |
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| Alta | Quarters | Millard North NL | Panel |
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| Apple Valley | 1 | Westwood AD | Derek Ying |
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| Apple Valley | 4 | Scarsdale BS | Animesh Joshi |
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| Apple Valley | 6 | Evergreen Valley Independent SS | Jacob Palmer |
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| Apple Valley | Octas | Byram Hills AK | Panel |
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| Blue Key | 2 | Scarsdale KS | Javier Navarrete |
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| Blue Key | 3 | Lake Highland Prep AVe | Rohit Lakshman |
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| Blue Key | 6 | Strake Jesuit VM | Abhilash Datti |
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| Blue Key | Doubles | Scarsdale OL | Panel |
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| Harvard | 1 | Acton-Boxborough SP | Rajesh Panda |
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| Harvard | 3 | Millburn ST | Phoenix Pittman |
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| Harvard | 6 | Strake Jesuit MS | Viren Abhyankar |
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| Harvard | 7 | Lake Highland Prep SV | Quinn Hughes |
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| Harvard | 7 | Lake Highland Prep SV | Quinn Hughes |
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| Harvard | Triples | Scripps Ranch AS | Panel |
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| USC | 1 | Malborough ML | Samantha McLoughlin |
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| USC | 4 | doesnt matter | doesnt matter |
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| USC | 6 | Mission San Jose AW | Devane Murphy |
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| USC | Finals | Missions San Jose SS | Panel |
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| Yale | 1 | Lexington AG | Ben Waldman |
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| Yale | 3 | American heritage Broward EM | David McGinnis |
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| Yale | 5 | Stuyvesant LC | Matthew Slencsak |
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| Yale | Triples | Memorial BD | Panel |
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| Tournament | Round | Report |
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| ASU | 1 | Opponent: Hamilton SM | Judge: Moon Sung Gwak 1AC - lay |
| ASU | 4 | Opponent: BASIS Peoria PY | Judge: Nick Fleming 1AC - Afropessimism |
| ASU | 5 | Opponent: Peninsula WW | Judge: Bennett Fees 1AC - Mining |
| ASU | Quarters | Opponent: Bellarmine AK | Judge: Panel 1AC - Space Tourism |
| ASU | Semis | Opponent: Ayala AM | Judge: Panel 1AC - Public Trust Doctrine |
| Alta | 2 | Opponent: James Logan MA | Judge: X Braithwaite 1AC - Palestinian Strikes |
| Alta | 3 | Opponent: Monta Vista RD | Judge: Leah Clark-Villenueva 1AC - US agricultural strikes |
| Alta | 6 | Opponent: Dougherty Valley KM | Judge: Ausha Curry 1AC - teachers |
| Alta | Doubles | Opponent: Malborough LF | Judge: Panel 1AC - incarcerated workers |
| Alta | Octas | Opponent: Vestavia Hills DS | Judge: Panel 1AC - queer nation |
| Alta | Quarters | Opponent: Millard North NL | Judge: Panel 1AC - US Ag Workers |
| Apple Valley | 1 | Opponent: Westwood AD | Judge: Derek Ying 1AC - kant |
| Apple Valley | 4 | Opponent: Scarsdale BS | Judge: Animesh Joshi 1AC - Kant |
| Apple Valley | 6 | Opponent: Evergreen Valley Independent SS | Judge: Jacob Palmer 1AC - afropessimism (kind of it was odd) |
| Apple Valley | Octas | Opponent: Byram Hills AK | Judge: Panel 1AC - Contracts |
| Blue Key | 2 | Opponent: Scarsdale KS | Judge: Javier Navarrete 1AC - alienation |
| Blue Key | 3 | Opponent: Lake Highland Prep AVe | Judge: Rohit Lakshman 1AC - working conditions and climate strikes This round was really messy so ask if you have any questions about the round report |
| Blue Key | 6 | Opponent: Strake Jesuit VM | Judge: Abhilash Datti 1AC - Democracy |
| Blue Key | Doubles | Opponent: Scarsdale OL | Judge: Panel 1AC - Kant |
| Harvard | 1 | Opponent: Acton-Boxborough SP | Judge: Rajesh Panda Lay - I'm not disclosing |
| Harvard | 3 | Opponent: Millburn ST | Judge: Phoenix Pittman 1AC - Kant with util advantage and dislcosure |
| Harvard | 6 | Opponent: Strake Jesuit MS | Judge: Viren Abhyankar 1AC - Debris |
| Harvard | 7 | Opponent: Lake Highland Prep SV | Judge: Quinn Hughes 1AC - Moten and Harney |
| Harvard | 7 | Opponent: Lake Highland Prep SV | Judge: Quinn Hughes 1AC - Moten and Harney |
| Harvard | Triples | Opponent: Scripps Ranch AS | Judge: Panel 1AC - Disability Pessimism |
| USC | 1 | Opponent: Malborough ML | Judge: Samantha McLoughlin 1AC - US Incarcerated Workers |
| USC | 4 | Opponent: doesnt matter | Judge: doesnt matter My opponent conceded so there was no round |
| USC | 6 | Opponent: Mission San Jose AW | Judge: Devane Murphy 1AC - US Strikes |
| USC | Finals | Opponent: Missions San Jose SS | Judge: Panel 1AC - China |
| Yale | 1 | Opponent: Lexington AG | Judge: Ben Waldman 1AC - kant |
| Yale | 3 | Opponent: American heritage Broward EM | Judge: David McGinnis 1AC - Virtue Ethics |
| Yale | 5 | Opponent: Stuyvesant LC | Judge: Matthew Slencsak 1AC - Util |
| Yale | Triples | Opponent: Memorial BD | Judge: Panel 1AC - Pragmatism |
To modify or delete round reports, edit the associated round.
Cites
| Entry | Date |
|---|---|
Contact InfoTournament: Contact Info | Round: Finals | Opponent: You | Judge: I'd prefer if you contacted me by phone (773-619-1893) Please let me know if there's anything I should do to make our round more accessible that isn't a well-known circuit norm, because I don't always check my opponent's wiki page. | 9/10/21 |
General - Extinction 1stTournament: ASU | Round: 1 | Opponent: Hamilton SM | Judge: Moon Sung Gwak | 1/7/22 |
General - Hijack - Util Collapses to HobbesTournament: Blue Key | Round: 6 | Opponent: Strake Jesuit VM | Judge: Abhilash Datti 1. Pleasure/Happiness/Well-being is arbitrarily defined – can’t universally guide action if we don’t know what it isMedvedev and Landhuis 18 2. Different things cause different people pleasure – that leads to conflict over what’s ethical under util. Empirics prove: people disagree on whether policies will have a positive outcome so they can’t determine what’s the solution.That mean util collapses into the state of nature: when people disagree on what actions are good, absent authority, there are endless resource wars, moralistic conflicts, and violent personal disputes. Therefore, people must enter into a Hobbesian social contract in which a sovereign authority, like the government, mediates disputes and creates ethical rules.Parrish 04 ~Parrish, Rick, ~Rick Parrish teaches at Loyola University New Orleans. His current research is focused on the play of violence and respect within justice.~ "Derrida’S Economy Of Violence In Hobbes’ Social Contract" Theory andamp; Event, Vol. 7 No. 4, 2005, 2005, http://muse.jhu.edu/article/244119~~#back, DOA:6-30-2018 WWBW~ | 10/30/21 |
General - Levinas vs AfropessimismTournament: Apple Valley | Round: 6 | Opponent: Evergreen Valley Independent SS | Judge: Jacob Palmer | 11/6/21 |
General - SkepTournament: Yale | Round: 3 | Opponent: American heritage Broward EM | Judge: David McGinnis
3. Truth values are based on language and social norms, not reality. We don’t call cars “cars” because of external truth, but rather because of social constructs like language. That means there’s no epistemically reliable way to find moral truth.
a. Semantics – Ought is defined as expressing obligation by Merriam-Webster’s dictionary, which means absent a proactive obligation you vote neg since there’s a trichotomy between prohibition, obligation, and permissibility and proving one disproves the other two. b. Safety – It’s ethically safer to presume the squo since we know what the squo is but we can’t know whether the aff will be good or not if ethics are incoherent. c. Logic – Propositions require positive justification before being accepted, otherwise one would be forced to accept the validity of logically contradictory propositions regarding subjects one knows nothing about. | 9/18/21 |
JF - CP - USTournament: ASU | Round: 1 | Opponent: Hamilton SM | Judge: Moon Sung Gwak Chinese investments are catching up and the US needs private companies to maintain space dominance – Chinese space dominance risks extinction. Autry and Kwast 19: | 1/7/22 |
JF - DA - ClimateTournament: ASU | Round: 5 | Opponent: Peninsula WW | Judge: Bennett Fees Space mining is key to support green energy – it’s the only way to solve climate changeDuran 21, (Paloma Duran is a journalist and industry analyst at Mexico Business News, "Is Space Mining the Best Option to Face Climate Change?"), 11-03-21, Mexico Business News, https://mexicobusiness.news/mining/news/space-mining-best-option-face-climate-change MNHS NL Anthropogenic warming causes extinction —- their Klein 14 evidence | 1/8/22 |
JF - DA - EscapeTournament: ASU | Round: 1 | Opponent: Hamilton SM | Judge: Moon Sung Gwak Solves all extinction scenarios. Passing the aff dooms humanity to extinction when the earth inevitably becomes uninhabitable. | 1/7/22 |
JF - DA - IndiaTournament: ASU | Round: 1 | Opponent: Hamilton SM | Judge: Moon Sung Gwak India private sector is key to space success – low cost operations, transparency, and accountability. India space key to soft power. Continued Indian soft power key to South-Asian stability – it solves for goodwill among nuclear powers South Asia War goes Nuclear and causes Extinction. | 1/7/22 |
JF - DA - JapanTournament: ASU | Round: Semis | Opponent: Ayala AM | Judge: Panel Japan will develop offensive strike---nuclear war | 1/10/22 |
JF - K - Decolonial HauntologyTournament: Harvard | Round: 6 | Opponent: Strake Jesuit MS | Judge: Viren Abhyankar KNarratives of space exploration are shaped by colonialism: progress, adventure, conquest, and extraction all have roots in European colonialism in the global south. Spaceflight emerged from these discourses and from material colonization in equatorial territories like French Guiana. The tropics shape space exploration both representationally and materially, and space exploration is grounded on the colonial exploitation of the tropics. To critique colonialism, we must consider the geographical, political, and social meanings of the tropics in the context of outer space. Thus, the role of the ballot is to center the tropics in cosmic discourse.Dunnett 19 In French Guiana, the space center fails to transcend its colonial history. The landscape is bulldozed for roads that are built for rockets, not people. The tropical locality is necessary for rockets to be launched, but the space industry leaves behind the colonized on geographic lines with fewer resources and no political agency. The ESA builds roads in French Guiana without consulting its people, without employing them, and without undoing economies of colonialism. Discourses of space exploration attempt to transcend the earth while forgetting the colonial relations they leave behind, reifying planetary structures of violence.Redfield 02 In trying to reach beyond the earth, space exploration recreates historical geographies of colonialism. By creating a transcendent definition of the human, space exploration enables colonized others to be marked for violence. Colonial roads and launch sites haunt outward progress, resulting in more socio-economic injustice. Space is not a delineated location, but a time-knot of earthbound colonial legacies and futurist discourses. Any attempt to extend into space without considering colonial histories inevitably reproduces them. The 1AC specifically links because it claims that only transcending beyond the earth can solve earthbound crises of violence.Redfield 02 The alternative is a hauntological decolonizing intervention that refuses to debate on a colonized blank slate. We tell the stories of the dispossessed, the colonized, the materialized ghosts, and the haunted living. Blood seeps from colonial geographies through the stratosphere and into the space topic – neutral representations of the cosmos are built on the back of racial violence. The alternative’s pedagogy addresses the materiality of colonial ghosts, insisting on decolonization not recolonization.Bozalek et al 20 | 2/20/22 |
JF - T - AppropriationTournament: ASU | Round: Quarters | Opponent: Bellarmine AK | Judge: Panel Violation: space tourism does not involve private entities “taking” space – they are visitors and don’t claim to own it. Space tourism only occurs in earth orbit – there are no celestial bodies to appropriate there. Standards:
Fairness is a voter because Topicality is drop the debater: Competing Interps: Reasonability lets them arbitrarily choose a brightline that favors their arguments – skews fairness. | 1/9/22 |
JF - T - Plans BadTournament: ASU | Round: Semis | Opponent: Ayala AM | Judge: Panel
Education is voter because: Theory is drop the debater: No RVI’s: Competing Interps: Reasonability lets them arbitrarily choose a brightline that favors their arguments – skews fairness. | 1/10/22 |
K - AbolitionTournament: Alta | Round: Doubles | Opponent: Malborough LF | Judge: Panel | 12/4/21 |
K - CapTournament: Alta | Round: Octas | Opponent: Vestavia Hills DS | Judge: Panel Strictly identitarian queer theory is a dismissal of political economy, which reinforces late capitalism. The alternative is to join the Party – coalitional politics are the only viable way forward for a socialist movement in the 21st century. The role of the ballot is to orient political and social struggle toward the communist horizon – this redirection is crucial to redefine the imagineable political futures – anything less is mere apologism for continued leftist failure | 12/4/21 |
K - Cyborg FeminismTournament: ASU | Round: 4 | Opponent: BASIS Peoria PY | Judge: Nick Fleming Haraway 1 (2016) Identity politics that reduce a group to one essential unity lead to either the endless division into new unities or the erasure of marginalized groups within that identity. Just as white feminism ignores women of color, any totalizing identity politics justifies the domination of some within the identity. AND total identities are defined in relation to trauma, making collective liberation impossible without destroying the identity’s signifier. Haraway 2 Ontological claims of identitarian unity define existence as a product of another’s desire – this reifies the very subjugation that their theory seeks to subvert. Defining the (non)subject by their oppression makes politics futile by removing the possibility of revolutionary subjectivity. The impact is dispersion throughout the info-sphere of domination. All lives, but especially those that exist on the margins of society, are made increasingly precarious by economic currents, social ignorance, and political impotence. Our lives are no longer located in essential experiences or identities but dispersed throughout the informatics of domination. Haraway 4 Negate to endorse cyborg feminist writing – this strategy tells stories of the nearly non-subjects who still have a mark to leave on the violent world. In the informatics of domination, the language of cyborg politics reminds us that people will not simply disappear and that imaginative optimism is a matter of survival. Haraway 5 | 1/8/22 |
K - WeheliyeTournament: Blue Key | Round: 2 | Opponent: Scarsdale KS | Judge: Javier Navarrete ====The color line structures modernity – drawn discursively to separate classes/genders/races, it necessitates the political sacrifice of those who are not within our conception of human. Thus, the role of the ballot is to deconstruct the color line.==== The 1AC’s legal recognition of workers rights focuses incompletely on one form of subjugation – their attempt at inclusion only reinforces the color line and defines workers as "Men" in contrast to those considered subhuman. This reifies continued violence against those not recognized as fully human by the state.Weheliye 14 The 1AC’s assertion that workers deserve rights because of their struggles makes suffering a precondition to legal humanity – forces people to degrade themselves for rights and leads to counterproductive infighting among the oppressed.Weheliye 14 Legal recognition of rights and personhood exclude those outside legal definitions of humanity and erase those who become human. Just as limited and genocidal court recognition of indigenous sovereignty justified the Dred Scott decision, the 1AC recreates violence against vulnerable flesh and divides the oppressed into distinct groups. Legal personhood and Habeas Corpus are constructed in relation to "Man," a white, male, propertied, liberal subject who reinforces the color line.Weheliye 14 The alternative is to embrace habeas viscus, a definition of human based on the flesh rather than constructs of the body defined in relation to whiteness. Habeas viscus opens avenues for guerrilla warfare as it removes politics from the realm of the Man, instead opting for a collective consciousness of the oppressed.Weheliye 14 | 10/29/21 |
ND - CP - UBITournament: USC | Round: 6 | Opponent: Mission San Jose AW | Judge: Devane Murphy Counterplan Text: The United States should implement a universal basic income of $1,200 US Dollars per monthA Universal Basic Income addresses the problems of the aff because people can quit exploitative jobs and keep their livelihood until they find a new one. That destroys monopsony power and is major step towards labor equity.Katelyn Peters 9-8. Katelyn Peters ~a writer and editor for more than five years who focuses on both investing and personal finance content. In addition to her experience in finance, she is also a volunteer editorial contributor for Litmus Press, O Books, and The Post-Apollo Press~, 9-8-2021, "Universal Basic Income (UBI)," Investopedia, https://www.investopedia.com/terms/b/basic-income.asp DebateDrills / recut by Park City NL | 12/12/21 |
ND - Contracts NCTournament: Blue Key | Round: 3 | Opponent: Lake Highland Prep AVe | Judge: Rohit Lakshman The reason morality exists in the first place is to regulate our actions towards others. If any moral code is not motivational then there is no reason to do what is right and that code merely fails to escape the skeptical conclusion. Motivational externalism collapses into internalism.Joyce 1, Richard (Professor of Philosophy at Victoria University Wellington, New Zealand). The Myth of Morality. 2001. ~Bracketed for grammatical clarity~ Park City NL Additionally, agents can only be motivated by their own desires; not the external desires of another because:~A~ External desires are inaccessible through empirical uncertainty – an evil demon could deceive us, we could be dreaming, or in a simulation, and we’re unable to know others’ experiences, so externalism is an unreliable basis for ethics since we can only verify and access internal drives.~B~ Individuals have unlimited wants and those are not communicated, so we never know what others want~C~ We only care about our own desires as individuals are self interested and don’t care about helping others, even if we did know how to help.Only a contractarian system that derives principles of mutual restraint from individuals’ self-interest account for this fact because contractarian principles are necessarily in the interest of all parties involved because they wouldn’t constrain their action against their will.Gauthier 86 Gauthier, David P. Morals by Agreement. Oxford: Clarendon, 1986. Print. Park City NL Additionally, self-interest is determined at the time of the original decision to rise to a norm of mutual self-restraint. For example, I might say that eating ice cream is in my self-interest because I’m hungry even if it will lead to extinction somehow in the future.Thus, the standard is consistency with contractarian principles of mutual restraint, defined as those principles by which individuals would constrain their actions with the belief that doing so would serve their self-interest.Prefer additionally:~1~ Consent – contractarianism is based on consent – implicit in acceptance of a contract – which ultimately determines what qualifies as good or evil. Moral theories must be based in consent otherwise actions could never be determinate.Enoch 15 David Enoch. "Against Public Reason." Central European University. 2015. ~2~ Infinite Regress – Only contractarianism can avoid an infinite regress. When we look to an external authority to derive normative conceptions of the good, we are left wondering why a certain good is actually good. Any conception of morality and what people are due begs the question of why our assessment of individual dues ought be preferred over other assessments. Contractarianism avoids this by allowing individuals to construct conceptions of the good based on a rational restriction of their future actions.~3~ Performativity – You agree to 4 minutes of prep and if you tried to go over the judges would down you or tell the tournament to DQ you. Their very performance justifies the NC framework and proves the AC collapses to the NC.Negate:Strikes inhibit the ability to create contracts, create power imbalances, and violate individual contracts.Levine 1, Peter. "The Libertarian Critique of Labor Unions." Philosophy and Public Policy Quarterly 21.4 (2001): 17-24. (Peter Levine is the Associate Dean for Research and Lincoln Filene Professor of Citizenship and Public Affairs in Tufts University’s Jonathan Tisch College of Civic Life. He has secondary appointments in the Tufts Philosophy Department and the Tufts Clinical and Translational Sciences Institute. He was the founding deputy director (2001-6) and then the second director (2006-15) of Tisch College’s CIRCLE, The Center for Information and Research on Civic Learning and Engagement, which he continues to oversee as an associate dean.) JG | 10/30/21 |
ND - DA - TerrorTournament: USC | Round: 6 | Opponent: Mission San Jose AW | Judge: Devane Murphy Tech can solve infrastructure concerns but needs to be integrated – operators are key.Jacobs 5/31 ~Lionel; Senior Security Architect in the Palo Alto Networks ICS and SCADA solutions team. Coming from the asset-owner side , Lionel has spent more than 20 years working in the IT/OT environment, with a focus on ICS systems design, controls, and implementation. He was a pioneer in bridging the IT-OT security gap and implementing next-generation security into performance and safety critical process control areas. During his tenure, he successfully deployed a large scale ICS/SCADA security architecture composed of over 100 next-generation firewalls, hundreds of advanced endpoint protection clients and SIEM, distributed over dozens of remote plants and a centralized core, all based on a "Zero Trust" philosophy. Lionel graduated from Houston Baptist University with a double degree in Physics and Mathematics and has held certifications as a MCSE, CCA, CCNP, CCIP, CCNA, CSSA, and GICSP; "Critical Infrastructure Protection: Physical and Cyber Security Both Matter," eSecurity Planet; 5/31/21; https://www.esecurityplanet.com/networks/critical-infrastructure-protection-physical-cybersecurity/~~//SJWen Increased strikes send a clear signal to terrorists that critical US infrastructure is vulnerable by weakening organizations.Davies 6 ~Ross; George Mason University - Antonin Scalia Law School, Faculty, The Green Bag; "Strike Season: Protecting Labor-Management Conflict in the Age of Terror," SSRN; 4/12/06; https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract'id=896185~~//SJWen Attacks on critical infrastructure collapses the economy through multiple avenues.FAS 6 ~DCSINT Handbook No. 1.02; Info directly from US army and Deputy Chief of Staff for Intelligence; "Critical Infrastructure Threats and Terrorism," DCSINT/FAS; 8/10/6; https://fas.org/irp/threat/terrorism/sup2.pdf~~//SJWen | 12/12/21 |
ND - Existentialism NCTournament: Blue Key | Round: Doubles | Opponent: Scarsdale OL | Judge: Panel Philosophy is not an isolated, investigative project, but rather a way of life – we cannot allow ourselves to be assimilated by any given system, for this alienates us from our individual human nature, which constrains what our obligations are meant to be.This brings us to the question of ethics as a way of life. Dominant theorization splits ethics between theories of facticity and transcendence – facticity attempts to ground normative truths in material reality – transcendence attempts to establish a unified, a priori system for ethics. Both approaches fail:Facticity is too narrow – people confer value unto things external to them – for example, I might like video games and you might not, but video games aren’t objectively valuable – the capacity to choose comes before that which is chosen.Transcendence cannot account for "i." How everyone relates to the world differently and has varied moral circumstances – universalizability presumes one possesses the epistemic information to determine if their situations are similar and how the objects of our perception are situated within the material world, just as we are.The solution to this dichotomy is existential phenomenology – a recognition that the individual is grounded in their perceptions of world around them, while also accepting the authority of freedom. Existence is inherently absurd, since when I commit an action, it becomes an aspect of the world and is no longer a "free action," for it is a product of my consciousness – this means that in becoming myself, for existence is defined by choice, I must also be a "thing" of the world – we must face the absurd and embrace authenticity.De Beauvoir 47 BRACKETED FOR GENDERED LANGUAGE ~Simon de Beauvoir. a French writer, intellectual, existentialist philosopher, political activist, feminist and social theorist, "The Ethics of Ambiguity." Webster University Philosophy Department. Translated by Bernard Frechtman. https://www.marxists.org/reference/subject/ethics/de-beauvoir/ambiguity/ch01.htm~~ TVS KK Authentic existence for one requires freedom of the other – for example, if I love someone, I assign to them the status of loveability, which makes them a thing in the world – however, for them to love you back, they must have that same freedom you have, so we must not see them as a loveable object but a loveable agent. Our projects can only be realized through cooperation of those involved, so subjugation is bad.Thus, the standard is embracing authentic existential value construction. The standard is concerned with preserving freedom, for it is the source of all value – however, the standard is concerned with concrete, rather than abstract forms of freedom – to clarify, coercive practices are bad under the standard, but something like lying would generally not be, for the actual act of lying does not inhibit the other’s capacity to choose. Instead of doing the right thing because it’s your "duty," authentic living entails doing the right thing because you commit yourself to it as your own project, solving the question of nihilism.Independently prefer: Performativity – The individual is the source of all value, so our framework is a prereq to framework debate in the first place since it assumes you choose your framework as valuable.Negate: Strikes cause loss of individuality – they give up their radical freedom to choose when forced to partake in union bargaining.Hunter 99 Robert P. Hunter 8-24-1999 "Disadvantages of Union Representation" https://www.mackinac.org/2313 (Robert P. Hunter served as the regional director of the Federal Labor Relations Authority in Washington, D.C., and was a senior fellow in labor policy for the Mackinac Center for Public Policy. Hunter was director of labor policy for the Mackinac Center from 1996 to 2003.) JG | 10/31/21 |
ND - Hobbes NCTournament: Apple Valley | Round: Octas | Opponent: Byram Hills AK | Judge: Panel The meta-ethic is constructivism: the idea that there is no moral truth independent of human concepts.1. Truth values are based on language and social norms, not reality. We don’t call cars "cars" because of external truth, but rather because of social constructs like language. That means there’s no epistemically reliable way to find moral truth.Parrish 04 ~Parrish, Rick, ~Rick Parrish teaches at Loyola University New Orleans. His current research is focused on the play of violence and respect within justice.~ "Derrida’S Economy Of Violence In Hobbes’ Social Contract" Theory andamp; Event, Vol. 7 No. 4, 2005, 2005, http://muse.jhu.edu/article/244119~~#back, DOA:6-30-2018 WWBW~ 2. Externalism fails – any thing we find morally valuable is the result of a combination of social constructions and biological processes – neither have any connection to ethics.3. "Truth" can only be arrived at subjectively because we always have internal biases when observing the world. It’s impossible to find pure moral truth.Duncan 02 This lack of moral truth leads to conflict when there is no authority to mediate disputes. In this state of nature, people view different things as moral, so there are major fights over what should be done absent any authority.Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy 20 Therefore people must enter into a social contract in which a sovereign authority, like the government, mediates disputes and creates ethical rules.Parrish 04 ~Parrish, Rick, ~Rick Parrish teaches at Loyola University New Orleans. His current research is focused on the play of violence and respect within justice.~ "Derrida’S Economy Of Violence In Hobbes’ Social Contract" Theory andamp; Event, Vol. 7 No. 4, 2005, 2005, http://muse.jhu.edu/article/244119~~#back, DOA:6-30-2018 WWBW~ Thus, the standard is consistency with the will of the sovereign.Prefer:
ContentionI negate resolved: A just government ought to recognize workers’ unconditional right to strike.The state has no absolute moral obligations because it is completely sovereign. Therefore, it has no obligation to affirm and you negate on permissibility. Underview1. Permissibility Negatesa. Semantics – Ought is defined as expressing obligation by Merriam-Webster’s dictionary, which means absent a proactive obligation you vote neg since there’s a trichotomy between prohibition, obligation, and permissibility and proving one disproves the other two.b. Safety – It’s ethically safer to presume the squo since we know what the squo is but we can’t know whether the aff will be good or not if ethics are incoherent.c. Logic – Propositions require positive justification before being accepted, otherwise one would be forced to accept the validity of logically contradictory propositions regarding subjects one knows nothing about. | 11/7/21 |
ND - ICJ CPTournament: Alta | Round: 3 | Opponent: Monta Vista RD | Judge: Leah Clark-Villenueva The United States Federal Government should—-enter a prior, binding, and genuine consultation with the International Court of Justice to issue a binding ruling to recognize an unconditional right of agricultural workers to strike.—-pass a concurrent resolution that non-compliance with the International Court of Justice’s ruling constitutes an enforceable violation of Charter obligations.ICJ says yes and creates a culture of acculturation that socializes acceptance of international law – the aff shreds that.Brudney 21 ~James; 2/8/21; Joseph Crowley Chair in Labor and Employment Law, Fordham Law School; "The Right to Strike as Customary International Law," THE YALE JOURNAL OF INTERNATIONAL LAW, Vol 46, https://digitalcommons.law.yale.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1710andcontext=yjil~~ Justin Brackets in original Ruling on the right to strike secures the legitimacy of the ICJ as an international mediation body.Hofmann and Schuster 16 ~Claudia and Norbert; February 2016; Dr. Claudia Hofmann works as a research associate at the Chair for Public Law and Policy at the University of Regensburg. She specializes in public international law (in particular the field of socio-economic human rights and equality-oriented policies), social law, constitutional and administrative law. Norbert Schuster works as a lawyer in Berlin and teaches at the University of Bremen. He specialises in labour law; "It ain’t over ‘til it’s over: the right to strike and the mandate of the ILO Committee of Experts revisited," https://global-labour-university.org/fileadmin/GLU'Working'Papers/GLU'WP'No.40.pdf~~ Justin ICJ legitimacy is key to global multilateralism and crisis stability – it’s declining now.Kornelios Korneliou 18 ~Permanent Representative of Cyprus and Vice-President of the 73rd Session of the UN General assembly, "Report of the International Court of Justice," United Nations, 10-25-2018 https://www.un.org/pga/73/2018/10/25/report-of-the-international-court-of-justice/~~ Recut Justin Multilateralism solves a bunch of impacts – even a tiny net benefit is enough to o/w the AFFEsther Brimmer 14 ~Assistant Secretary for the Bureau of International Organization Affairs at the United States Department of State from April 2009 to June 2013, "Smart Power" and Multilateral Diplomacy, June, http://transatlantic.sais-jhu.edu/publications/books/Smarter20Power/Chapter20420brimmer.pdf~~ Recut Justin | 12/3/21 |
ND - Inflation DATournament: Alta | Round: 3 | Opponent: Monta Vista RD | Judge: Leah Clark-Villenueva The plan’s recognition of strikes paves the way for rising wages and prices, which creates major inflation. The risk is low now, but more pro-labor policy from Biden will tip the economy in favor of unions. That means inflation spikes.Peek 10/22 Inflation independently guarantees recession- responsible governmental policy now is keyLong 2021. Heather Long, economics correspondent for The Washington Post. "The economy isn’t going back to February 2020. Fundamental shifts have occurred." WaPo June 20, 2021. https://www.washingtonpost.com/business/2021/06/20/us-economy-changes/ Accessed 6/26/21. ARJH/msdi2021 Econ decline would collapse deterrence——that causes extinctionTønnesson 15 (Research Professor, Peace Research Institute Oslo; Leader of East Asia Peace program, Uppsala University, 2015, "Deterrence, interdependence and Sino–US peace," International Area Studies Review, Vol. 18, No. 3, p. 297-311) | 12/3/21 |
ND - Information Technology DATournament: USC | Round: Finals | Opponent: Missions San Jose SS | Judge: Panel 2 – DAGlobal tech innovation high now.Mercury News et al 6/4 ~Mercury News and East Bay Times Editorial Boards, June 4, 2021, "Editorial: How America can Win the Global Tech War" https://www.mercurynews.com/2021/06/04/editorial-why-silicon-valley-needs-endless-frontier-bill/ gord0~ Violent strike efforts are increasing – they slow innovation, specifically in the tech sector.Hanasoge 16 ~Chaithra; Senior Research Analyst, Market Researcher, Consumer Insights, Strategy Consulting; "The Union Strikes: The Good, the Bad and the Ugly," Supply Wisdom; April/June 2016 (Doesn’t specifically say but this is the most recent event is cites); https://www.supplywisdom.com/resources/the-union-strikes-the-good-the-bad-and-the-ugly/~~//SJWen Unions are ready – the aff enables a push by unions into the IT sector that could inspire further strikes.Tromply and Ohlson 2000 Technological innovation solves every existential threat – which outweighs.Matthews 18 Dylan. Co-founder of Vox, citing Nick Beckstead @ Rutgers University. 10-26-2018. "How to help people millions of years from now." Vox. https://www.vox.com/future-perfect/2018/10/26/18023366/far-future-effective-altruism-existential-risk-doing-good China uniquely key to tech innovationSharif no date | 12/13/21 |
ND - Information Technology PICTournament: USC | Round: Finals | Opponent: Missions San Jose SS | Judge: Panel 3 – CPText: The People’s Republic of China Should recognize a right to strike for all workers except for those in the Information Technology industry. This avoids the DA, but solves the aff because inequality issues are in the working class, not middle class IT innovators. We solve violent strikes and inequality for the working class. | 12/13/21 |
ND - Market DATournament: Alta | Round: 3 | Opponent: Monta Vista RD | Judge: Leah Clark-Villenueva The stock market is booming despite corona – consumer confidence is soaring.Ziemer 21 ~Colin; New York Stock Exchange; The author may be wrong cuz it was placed under a picture so idk if it was the author or picture creds, if not assume DealBook as the author; "What is going on?" Dealbook | Business and Policy; NYTimes; 8/19/20, Updated 5/7/21; https://www.nytimes.com/2020/08/19/business/dealbook/stock-market-record-high.html~~ Justin Best data proves union strike victories statistically cause stock market crash.Lee and Mas 12 ~David; Princeton University and National Bureau of Economic Research; Alexandre; Princeton University and National Bureau of Economic Research; "Long-Run Impacts of Unions on Firms: New Evidence from Financial Markets, 1961–1999," The Quarterly Journal Of Economics; February 2012; https://academic.oup.com/qje/article-abstract/127/1/333/1834007?redirectedFrom=fulltext~~ Justin Crashes lead to a great depression.Rusoff 21 ~Jane; ThinkAdvisor Contributing Editor specializing in interviews with thought leaders. She has written for The New York Times, The Washington Post, USA Today and Esquire, among numerous other publications. Author/co-author of five books, Jane was a staff editor at London Express Features and Billboard’s Merchandising Magazine; "Harry Dent: ‘Biggest Crash Ever’ Likely by End of June," ThinkAdvisor; 3/10/21; https://www.thinkadvisor.com/2021/03/10/harry-dent-biggest-crash-ever-likely-by-end-of-june/~~ Justin | 12/3/21 |
ND - Politics DATournament: Alta | Round: Quarters | Opponent: Millard North NL | Judge: Panel Inflation is surging under Biden, paving the way for major GOP victories in 2022, but anti-inflationary policy can save a democratic midterm victory.Zelizer, PhD, 11/13 Agricultural strikes but Biden under pressure from both labor leaders and consumers - means democratic losses during the midterm elections.Mordock 10/14 2022 is key to advance climate initiatives that could make a huge difference in preventing fatal increases in global temperaturesPiotrowski et al 20 (*Matt Piotrowski is the Director of Policy and Research at Climate Advisers. *Emma McMahon is an MBA candidate at the Yale School of Management. *Josh McBee is a Policy and Research Associate at Climate Advisers. *Kyle Saukas is a Communications Manager at Climate Advisers. 12-14-2020, "Biden’s Climate Path Through the 2022 Midterms," Climate Advisers. Published 12-14-2020, accessed 7-24-21. https://climateadvisers.org/blogs/bidens-climate-path-up-to-the-2022-midterms/) Climate change causes extinctionRuiter 17 Zach Ruiter 17, environmental reporter for Now Toronto and Torontoist, citing 15, 364 scientists from 184 countries in ‘World Scientists’ Warning to Humanity: A Second Notice’, 11-22-17, "Are we headed for near-term human extinction?" https://nowtoronto.com/news/are-we-headed-for-near-term-human-extinction/ | 12/4/21 |
ND - T - Cant spec strikesTournament: Alta | Round: 3 | Opponent: Monta Vista RD | Judge: Leah Clark-Villenueva | 12/3/21 |
SO - Contracts NCTournament: Yale | Round: 1 | Opponent: Lexington AG | Judge: Ben Waldman The reason morality exists in the first place is to regulate our actions towards others. If any moral code is not motivational then there is no reason to do what is right and that code merely fails to escape the skeptical conclusion. Motivational externalism collapses into internalism.Joyce 1, Richard (Professor of Philosophy at Victoria University Wellington, New Zealand). The Myth of Morality. 2001. ~Bracketed for grammatical clarity~ Park City NL Additionally, agents can only be motivated by their own desires; not the external desires of another because:~A~ External desires are inaccessible through empirical uncertainty – an evil demon could deceive us, we could be dreaming, or in a simulation, and we’re unable to know others’ experiences, so externalism is an unreliable basis for ethics since we can only verify and access internal drives.~B~ Individuals have unlimited wants and those are not communicated, so we never know what others want~C~ We only care about our own desires as individuals are self interested and don’t care about helping others, even if we did know how to help.Only a contractarian system that derives principles of mutual restraint from individuals’ self-interest account for this fact because contractarian principles are necessarily in the interest of all parties involved because they wouldn’t constrain their action against their will.Gauthier 86 Gauthier, David P. Morals by Agreement. Oxford: Clarendon, 1986. Print. Park City NL Additionally, self-interest is determined at the time of the original decision to rise to a norm of mutual self-restraint. For example, I might say that eating ice cream is in my self-interest because I’m hungry even if it will lead to extinction somehow in the future.Thus, the standard is consistency with contractarian principles of mutual restraint, defined as those principles by which individuals would constrain their actions with the belief that doing so would serve their self-interest.Prefer additionally:~1~ Consent – contractarianism is based on consent – implicit in acceptance of a contract – which ultimately determines what qualifies as good or evil. Moral theories must be based in consent otherwise actions could never be determinate.Enoch 15 David Enoch. "Against Public Reason." Central European University. 2015. ~2~ Infinite Regress – Only contractarianism can avoid an infinite regress. When we look to an external authority to derive normative conceptions of the good, we are left wondering why a certain good is actually good. Any conception of morality and what people are due begs the question of why our assessment of individual dues ought be preferred over other assessments. Contractarianism avoids this by allowing individuals to construct conceptions of the good based on a rational restriction of their future actions.~3~ Performativity – You agree to 4 minutes of prep and if you tried to go over the judges would down you or tell the tournament to DQ you. Their very performance justifies the NC framework and proves the AC collapses to the NC.Now negate: Negotiations for the WTO TRIPS agreement formed a legitimate contract there was omnilateral consensus. Pharmaceutical agreements have specifically been supported when faced with recent challenges. TRIPS provides the best possible contract because alternative bilateral ones lack flexibility and legitimacy for developing countries.Otten 15 Past objections to TRIPS negate – any objections were consensually ignored in order to ensure the agreement passedOtten 15 | 9/17/21 |
SO - Kant NCTournament: Yale | Round: Triples | Opponent: Memorial BD | Judge: Panel
That justifies following universalizable laws without contradictions:
2. ====A priori principles like reason apply to everyone since they are independent of human experience. Just like 2+2 is always 4, moral truths generated by practical reason must always be true.==== 3. ====Any non-universalizable norm justifies someone’s ability to impede on your ends i.e. if I want to eat ice cream, I must recognize that others may affect my pursuit of that end and demand the value of my end be recognized by others. This also makes universalizability a side-constraint on ends-based frameworks.==== It’s impossible to will a violation of freedom since deciding to would will incompatible ends since it logically entails willing a violation of your own freedom. Constraints are necessary to retain the value of freedom which implies that one cannot hinder the freedom of others.Thus, the standard is consistency with the categorical imperative.Prefer: 1. Performativity—freedom is the key to the process of justification of arguments. Willing that we should abide by their ethical theory presupposes that we own ourselves in the first place. Thus, it is logically incoherent to justify a standard without first willing that we can pursue ends free from others.2. There’s an act/omission distinction – a) Otherwise we’d be held infinitely culpable for every omission which kills any conception of morality b) Omissions are not part of my intent, since it is not an active choice to act and cannot be included in the structure of my action. Therefore, prefer intent based ethics because only they explain the act/omission distinction.3. Motivation – Only freedom is intrinsically motivational since any other ethic cannot explain why we ought to actualize it; freedom is the means through which we actualize any other end which means even if another ethic is motivational, only reason is a priori.OffenseI negate. 1~ Intellectual property is an inalienable personal right – key to preserving freedomPozzo 6 Pozzo, Riccardo. "Immanuel Kant on Intellectual Property." Trans/Form/Ação, vol. 29, no. 2, 2006, pp. 11–18., doi:10.1590/s0101-31732006000200002. SJDA recut SJKS recut Cookie JX recut Park City NL 2~ The aff is non-universalizable because IP rights are good in general – they value freedom and promote innovationVan Dyke 18 Raymond Van Dyke, 7-17-2018, "The Categorical Imperative for Innovation and Patenting," IPWatchdog, https://www.ipwatchdog.com/2018/07/17/categorical-imperative-innovation-patenting/id=99178/ SJDA recut SJKS recut Park City NL | 9/19/21 |
T - FrameworkTournament: Alta | Round: Octas | Opponent: Vestavia Hills DS | Judge: Panel
TVA: They could’ve read queer general strike while still affirming the resolution… Paradigm issues Drop the debater – only dropping the debater effectively deters behavior that makes debate and the world in general worse. The ballot carries power, it changes how people debate. No RVIs – Competing interpretation: No impact turns: | 12/4/21 |
Theory - Cant Disclose things that arent in the affTournament: Yale | Round: 3 | Opponent: American heritage Broward EM | Judge: David McGinnis
(shell was extemped) | 9/18/21 |
Theory - Cant Read UtilTournament: Blue Key | Round: 3 | Opponent: Lake Highland Prep AVe | Judge: Rohit Lakshman Interpretation: Debaters must only read a framework that is not maximizing expected well-being.Violation: You read utilStandards:1. Inclusion – Util is bad for inclusion:A) Bad for small schools since it maximizes the benefit for large program with mass amounts of prepB) Util can’t justify intrinsic wrongness – We can’t know whether our action was good until we’ve evaluated the states of affairs they’ve produced since it’s based on the outcome of the action. For Example if asked the question "are hate crimes okay?" a utilitarian would not be able to say yes because there are situations in which they would be morally if they maximized pleasureC) It’s ableist – certain individuals can’t experience pain and pleasure which justifies their inability to be agents and their manipulation.2. Shiftiness – There are multiple different types of maximizing well-being. Crisp, Roger, "Well-Being", The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (Fall 2017 Edition), Edward N. Zalta (ed.), URL https://plato.stanford.edu/archives/fall2017/entries/well-being/. ==== They can shift out of my turns based on whatever theory of the good they operate under due to the nature of a vague standard. Especially true because the warrants for their standard could justify different versions of consequentialism as coming first and I wouldn’t know until the 1ar which gives them access to multiple contingent standards. That makes the 2NR impossible and debate unfair.Voters – Fairness is a voter since debate is a competitive activity that requires an equal shot at winning. Inclusion is a voter since it’s a pre-requisite to engagement in the space and the judge has an obligation as an educator to ensure a safe space. | 10/30/21 |
Theory - Disclose SpikesTournament: Blue Key | Round: Doubles | Opponent: Scarsdale OL | Judge: Panel | 10/31/21 |
Theory - Indexicals BadTournament: Yale | Round: Triples | Opponent: Memorial BD | Judge: Panel
(shell was extemped) | 9/19/21 |
Theory - ROB specTournament: Harvard | Round: 7 | Opponent: Lake Highland Prep SV | Judge: Quinn Hughes No impact turns: | 2/20/22 |
Theory - ROB specTournament: Harvard | Round: 7 | Opponent: Lake Highland Prep SV | Judge: Quinn Hughes No impact turns: | 2/20/22 |
Theory - Round ReportsTournament: Blue Key | Round: 3 | Opponent: Lake Highland Prep AVe | Judge: Rohit Lakshman | 10/30/21 |
Theory - Spikes on TopTournament: Yale | Round: 1 | Opponent: Lexington AG | Judge: Ben Waldman
Voters: Fairness is a voter because Education is voter because: Theory is drop the debater: No RVI’s: Competing Interps: | 9/17/21 |
Theory - new affs badTournament: Blue Key | Round: 2 | Opponent: Scarsdale KS | Judge: Javier Navarrete | 10/29/21 |
Theory - non black afropessimism badTournament: Apple Valley | Round: 6 | Opponent: Evergreen Valley Independent SS | Judge: Jacob Palmer TheoryInterpretation: Non-black people shouldn’t read afropessThey’re not black, they shouldn’t read this – turns the KEvans 15 Standards:Listen to to black debaters and judges – they have been advocating against non-black afropessimism for years, especially true for afropessimism debaters. Either your theory is true and we should align with black struggles against civil society and drop you, or your theory is false. 3. Co-option - afropessimism is a survival strategy used by black debaters to resist an activity full of racism – co-opting it into a strategic affirmative as anon-black takes away its radicality and unpredictability.And, reps come first, meaning they should loseProbability: There’s a 50/50 chance the K is true, but theres’ 100 chance that commodifying suffering is badReversibility: once oppressive rhetoric is used it cannot be taken backNorm setting: we are part of a larger debate community with extensive norms – letting racism be rampant kills the communityCompetition: debate is an educational competition with no place for offensive rhetoric – that kills access to the lasting benefit debate provides | 11/6/21 |
Theory - offense under multiple frameworks badTournament: Harvard | Round: 3 | Opponent: Millburn ST | Judge: Phoenix Pittman
Voters: Fairness is a voter because: a. The only way a judge can determine who’s better is if we enter the debate on an even playing field. b. People quit if they lose to unfair arguments so fairness is a prereq to debate’s existence. Education is voter because: a. It’s the only portable benefit of debate. b. It’s the only reason we get funding. Theory is drop the debater: a. Only DTD enables theory to deter bad behavior and be a tool for norm setting. Drop the Arg just lets them dodge whatever they did wrong with barley any consequences. b. Dropping the arg can’t rectify past abuse because the 1AC was uniquely bad, so there should be a consequence. No RVI’s: a. they’re illogical – it doesn’t make sense to reward someone for not doing anything bad. People need to do good things to win. b. RVI’s chill legitimate theory, justifying even more abuse. Competing Interps: a. Reasonability usually lacks a brightline and favors unnecessary judge intervention. b. Reasonability lets them arbitrarily choose a brightline that favors their arguments – skews fairness. | 2/19/22 |
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