Tournament: all saints | Round: Quarters | Opponent: denton guyer SB | Judge: sherri perry
GPP 17 (Global Priorities Project, Future of Humanity Institute at the University of Oxford, Ministry for Foreign Affairs of Finland, "Existential Risk: Diplomacy and Governance," Global Priorities Project, 2017, https://www.fhi.ox.ac.uk/wp-content/uploads/Existential-Risks-2017-01-23.pdf , thanks Eyan~
1.2. THE ETHICS OF EXISTENTIAL RISK In his book Reasons and Persons
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other cognitive biases are likely to affect the evaluation of existential risks.75
Naci et al. 15 ~Huseyin Naci, assistant professor of health policy at the LSE Health analysis center at the Department of Social Policy for the London School of Economics and Political Science , Alexander W Carter policy fellow, at the Institute of Global Health Innovation, Imperial College London, Elias Mossialos, professor of health policy, , at the LSE Health analysis center at the Department of Social Policy for the London School of Economics and Political Science, 10-23-2015, "Why the drug development pipeline is not delivering better medicines," BMJ, https://sci-hub.se/https://www.bmj.com/content/351/bmj.h5542.full~~
Many in the pharmaceutical sector suggest that the industry is in crisis. Industry analysts
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earned over $50bn (£30bn; €40bn) in net profits.
incremental changes increase average patent expiration dates, delaying generics and competition for decades – that harms innovation
Nawrat 19 ~Allie Nawrat, journalist with a BS in history and politics from the University of York, 11-12-2019, "From evergreening to thicketing: exploring the manipulation of pharma patents," Pharmaceutical Technology, https://www.pharmaceutical-technology.com/features/pharma-patents-manpulation/~~/Kankee
The Initiative for Medicines, Access and Knowledge (I-MAK) argued in
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, such as antibiotics and vaccines against healthcare crises primarily affecting developing countries.
Rajkumar 20 ~S. Vincent Rajkumar, Professor of Medicine at the Mayo Clinic, 2020, "The high cost of prescription drugs: causes and solutions," Blood and Cancer, https://www.nature.com/articles/s41408-020-0338-x~~/Kankee
Global spending on prescription drugs in 2020 is expected to be ~$1.3
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will greatly stimulate generic and biosimilar competition. Faster approval of generics and biosimilars
1 – accessibility – IPR's severely impedes access to drugs which ensures inaccessibility – that increases the risk of disease and pandemics
Smith et al., 9 — PhD, Professor at the Health Policy Unit, Department of Public Health and Policy, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine
~Prof Richard D Smith PhD, Prof Carlos Correa PhD, Cecilia Oh PhD, Trade, TRIPS, and pharmaceuticals, The Lancet, Volume 373, Issue 9664, 21–27 February 2009, Pages 684-691, https://doi-org.libproxy.uwyo.edu/10.1016/S0140-6736(08)61779-1, accessed 7-31-21~
The effect of stringent intellectual-property protection in the pharmaceutical market is contentious,
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all in the public-health community in both developing and developed countries.
Ord, Senior Research Fellow at Oxford, '20 ~Toby; reporter for the Guardian; 3-6-2020; "Why we need worst-case thinking to prevent pandemics"; Guardian; https://www.theguardian.com/science/2020/mar/06/worst-case-thinking-prevent-pandemics-coronavirus-existential-risk~~
The world is in the early stages of what may be the most deadly pandemic
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, an escape of a pandemic pathogen is only a matter of time.
3 – health diplomacy – expanding breadth of Pharma innovation into neglected diseases results in global linkages that revitalizes global health diplomacy.
Hotez 16, Peter J. Blue marble health: an innovative plan to fight diseases of the poor amid wealth. JHU Press, 2016. (Sabin Vaccine Institute and Texas Children's Hospital Center for Vaccine Development, Departments of Pediatrics and Molecular Virology and Microbiology)Elmer
We also need to better understand how these NTDs are actually transmitted within US borders
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, Burkina Faso, and Niger, as well as Nigeria ~11~.
Nang and Martin 17, Roberto N., and Keith Martin. "Global health diplomacy: A new strategic defense pillar." Military medicine 182.1-2 (2017): 1456-1460. (MC, Global Health Division, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences)Elmer
INTRODUCTION: FORCE IF NECESSARY BUT NOT NECESSARILY FORCE The world appears unhinged. Instability
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has the ability and authority to do so in the national and international interest