| Tournament | Round | Opponent | Judge | Cites | Round Report | Open Source | Edit/Delete |
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| All | 1 | All | All |
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| Apple Valley | 1 | Eagan WW | Mia Berman |
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| Barkley | 2 | Catonsville AT | David Dosch |
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| Barkley | 4 | Charlotte Latin AP | Eric Endsley |
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| Barkley | 6 | Durham SA | Tanya Moss-Barry |
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| Dowling | 2 | Catonsville AT | Danny Flores |
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| Dowling | 4 | Rosemount JA | Roberto West |
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| Lincoln Southeast | 3 | Norfolk KE | Samuel Segrist |
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| Lincoln Southeast | 5 | Lincoln Southwest KP | Matthew Matuszeski |
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| Lincoln Southeast | 2 | Lincoln North Star CB | Emma Sorrell |
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| Loyola | 2 | Dulles NJ | Tej Gedela |
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| Meadows | 6 | Marlborough ML | X Braithwaite |
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| Millard South | 1 | Millard South PN | Nicholas Wallenburg |
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| Millard West | 2 | West Des Moines Valley LS | Jesse Nguyen |
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| Millard West | 4 | West Des Moines Valley AM | Bradley Meurrens |
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| Millard West | Quarters | Lincoln East BH | Chris Begeman, Madelyn Moen, Anna Synya |
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| Myers Park | 4 | Charlotte Catholic KB | Ananya Garg |
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| Myers Park | 5 | North Mecklenburg LM | Diana Gordon |
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| Peninsula | 2 | Marlborough ML | Tarun Ratnasabapathy |
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| Peninsula | 4 | Crean JZ | Lukas Krause |
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| Peninsula | 6 | Northern Valley JS | Gordon Krauss |
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| Tournament | Round | Report |
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| All | 1 | Opponent: All | Judge: All Bruh |
| Barkley | 2 | Opponent: Catonsville AT | Judge: David Dosch AC - Africa Adv Russia Adv Debris Adv |
| Barkley | 4 | Opponent: Charlotte Latin AP | Judge: Eric Endsley AC - Africa Adv Russia Adv Debris Adv |
| Barkley | 6 | Opponent: Durham SA | Judge: Tanya Moss-Barry AC - Africa Adv Russia Adv |
| Dowling | 2 | Opponent: Catonsville AT | Judge: Danny Flores AC - US Plan Climate Civil war |
| Dowling | 4 | Opponent: Rosemount JA | Judge: Roberto West AC - Util Climate Adv Democracy Adv |
| Lincoln Southeast | 3 | Opponent: Norfolk KE | Judge: Samuel Segrist AC - Debris Adv Russia Adv |
| Lincoln Southeast | 5 | Opponent: Lincoln Southwest KP | Judge: Matthew Matuszeski AC - Africa Adv Russia Adv |
| Lincoln Southeast | 2 | Opponent: Lincoln North Star CB | Judge: Emma Sorrell AC - Africa Adv Russia Adv Debris Adv |
| Myers Park | 4 | Opponent: Charlotte Catholic KB | Judge: Ananya Garg AC - Lay |
| Myers Park | 5 | Opponent: North Mecklenburg LM | Judge: Diana Gordon AC - Lay |
| Peninsula | 2 | Opponent: Marlborough ML | Judge: Tarun Ratnasabapathy AC - Africa Adv Russia Adv Debris Adv |
| Peninsula | 4 | Opponent: Crean JZ | Judge: Lukas Krause AC - Disclosure Africa Adv Russia Adv Debris Adv |
| Peninsula | 6 | Opponent: Northern Valley JS | Judge: Gordon Krauss AC - Africa Adv Russia Adv Debris Adv |
To modify or delete round reports, edit the associated round.
Cites
| Entry | Date |
|---|---|
0 - Contact InfoTournament: All | Round: 1 | Opponent: All | Judge: All | 1/8/22 |
0 - NavigationTournament: All | Round: 1 | Opponent: All | Judge: All | 1/8/22 |
1 - Theory - DisclosureTournament: Peninsula | Round: 4 | Opponent: Crean JZ | Judge: Lukas Krause 1 – DisclosureInterpretation: Debaters must disclose all constructive speech docs open source with highlighting on the 2021-2022 NDCA LD wiki within an hour after debating.Violation – screenshot attached, shows no school (ctrl-f)Debate resource inequities—you'll say people will steal cards, but that's good—it's the only way to truly level the playing field for students such as novices in under-privileged programs.Evidence ethics – open source is the only way to verify before round that cards aren't miscut – otherwise you could have highlighted unethically. That's a voter – maintaining ethical ev practices is key to good academics and we should be able to verify you didn't cheatFairness is a voter – its constitutive of any competitive activity based on skills, wins, and losses – unfair practices skew the judge's ability to determine the better debaterDrop the debater to set a norm – if you lose you'll open source from now onCompeting interps – reasonability is arbitrary and begs the question of what's reasonable requiring judge interventionNo rvi – shouldn't win for being fair and people will bait theory. | 1/23/22 |
3 - Burden - General PrincipleTournament: Millard West | Round: 2 | Opponent: West Des Moines Valley LS | Judge: Jesse Nguyen BurdenWe argue that the conditionality of a right to strike implies the circumstances and conditions under which a strike is imposed.Oxford Languages defines unconditional as "not subject to any conditions."Furthermore, Oxford Languages defines condition as "the circumstances affecting the way in which people live or work, especially with regard to their safety or well-being."We defend the right to strike as a general principle. The NSDA clarifies:https://www.speechanddebate.org/wp-content/uploads/Sample-Lincoln-Douglas-Debate-Ballot-Blank.pdf, "Lincoln-Douglas Debate Ballot" One negative example isn't grounds for a negative ballot; we defend the right to strike general principle subject to any conditions. | 12/4/21 |
3 - FW - Structural ViolenceTournament: Millard West | Round: 2 | Opponent: West Des Moines Valley LS | Judge: Jesse Nguyen FW – Structural ViolenceThe standard is mitigating structural violence.1~ The ROB is to vote for the debater who best endorses actions that criticize and expose social structures of domination and oppression. The purpose of debate education should be to train youth to challenge oppressive structures, not perpetuate them.Bohmer 991 "Teaching Privileged Students about Gender, Race, and Class Oppression." Teaching Sociology, Vol. 19, No. 2 (April, 1991) pp. 154-163 Susanne Bohmer 2~ Morality must start from the non-ideal circumstances we have inherited. We can never achieve the ideal consequences that ethical theories aspire for without a focus on social realityMills 05 Charles W. Mills, "Ideal Theory" as Ideology, 2005 3~ This approach to ethics justifies focus on resolving material conditions of violence. Morality isn't just something that we strive for in a vacuum, rather, we resolve it based on the empirical world.Pappas 16 Gregory Fernando Pappas ~Texas AandM University~ "The Pragmatists' Approach to Injustice", The Pluralist Volume 11, Number 1, Spring 2016, 4~ Reject big-stick impacts which push oppressed minority bodies to the back - give a new sense of urgency - waiting politics of the negative which serve to make suffering by continually delaying the affElizabeth Olson 2015 (Associate Professor of Geography and Global Studies at UNC-Chapel Hill, Geography and ethics I: Waiting and urgency, Progress in Human Geography, DOI: 10.1177/0309132515595758) 6/26/17 | 12/4/21 |
3 - FW - UtilTournament: Dowling | Round: 2 | Opponent: Catonsville AT | Judge: Danny Flores FW - UtilThe standard is maximizing expected wellbeing, or utilitarianism.Pleasure and pain are intrinsic values and disvalues.Blum et al. 18 Extinction outweighs and comes first.Pummer 15 ~Theron, Junior Research Fellow in Philosophy at St. Anne's College, University of Oxford. "Moral Agreement on Saving the World" Practical Ethics, University of Oxford. May 18, 2015~ AT Governments are forced to use util and can only understand generalities.Goodin 95 (Robert, philsopher at the Research School of the Social Sciences, Utilitarianism as Public Philosophy. P. 62-63) | 12/11/21 |
3 - FW - Util v2Tournament: Myers Park | Round: 4 | Opponent: Charlotte Catholic KB | Judge: Ananya Garg Framework"Private property bad" – Arjun RishiBecause I agree with the wise words of Arjun Rishi, I proudly affirm the resolution that, "Resolved: The appropriation of outer space by private entities is unjust."My standard is maximizing expected wellbeing.Prefer it for the following reasons:1~ Only pleasure and pain form our baseline desires and values. Any other values will always collapse into the ideals of pleasure and pain, or at least can be explained by them.Moen 16 ~Ole Martin Moen, Research Fellow in Philosophy at University of Oslo "An Argument for Hedonism" Journal of Value Inquiry (Springer), 50 (2) 2016: 267–281~ SJDI 2~ Extinction outweighs and comes first.Pummer 15 ~Theron, Junior Research Fellow in Philosophy at St. Anne's College, University of Oxford. "Moral Agreement on Saving the World" Practical Ethics, University of Oxford. May 18, 2015~ 3~ Governments are forced to use util and as they can only understand generalities.Goodin 95 (Robert, philsopher at the Research School of the Social Sciences, Utilitarianism as Public Philosophy. P. 62-63) | 1/8/22 |
3 - FW - Util v3Tournament: Peninsula | Round: 2 | Opponent: Marlborough ML | Judge: Tarun Ratnasabapathy FWThe standard is maximizing expected wellbeing.1~ Pleasure and pain are intrinsic values and disvalues.Blum et al. 18 Kenneth Blum, 1Department of Psychiatry, Boonshoft School of Medicine, Dayton VA Medical Center, Wright State University, Dayton, OH, USA 2Department of Psychiatry, McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL, USA 3Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Keck Medicine University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA 4Division of Applied Clinical Research and Education, Dominion Diagnostics, LLC, North Kingstown, RI, USA 5Department of Precision Medicine, Geneus Health LLC, San Antonio, TX, USA 6Department of Addiction Research and Therapy, Nupathways Inc., Innsbrook, MO, USA 7Department of Clinical Neurology, Path Foundation, New York, NY, USA 8Division of Neuroscience-Based Addiction Therapy, The Shores Treatment and Recovery Center, Port Saint Lucie, FL, USA 9Institute of Psychology, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary 10Division of Addiction Research, Dominion Diagnostics, LLC. North Kingston, RI, USA 11Victory Nutrition International, Lederach, PA., USA 12National Human Genome Center at Howard University, Washington, DC., USA, Marjorie Gondré-Lewis, 12National Human Genome Center at Howard University, Washington, DC., USA 13Departments of Anatomy and Psychiatry, Howard University College of Medicine, Washington, DC US, Bruce Steinberg, 4Division of Applied Clinical Research and Education, Dominion Diagnostics, LLC, North Kingstown, RI, USA, Igor Elman, 15Department Psychiatry, Cooper University School of Medicine, Camden, NJ, USA, David Baron, 3Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Keck Medicine University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA, Edward J Modestino, 14Department of Psychology, Curry College, Milton, MA, USA, Rajendra D Badgaiyan, 15Department Psychiatry, Cooper University School of Medicine, Camden, NJ, USA, Mark S Gold 16Department of Psychiatry, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, USA, "Our evolved unique pleasure circuit makes humans different from apes: Reconsideration of data derived from animal studies", U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs, 28 February 2018, accessed: 19 August 2020, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6446569/, R.S. 2~ Extinction outweighs and comes first.Pummer 15 ~Theron, Junior Research Fellow in Philosophy at St. Anne's College, University of Oxford. "Moral Agreement on Saving the World" Practical Ethics, University of Oxford. May 18, 2015~ | 1/22/22 |
3 - FW - Util v4Tournament: Barkley | Round: 6 | Opponent: Durham SA | Judge: Tanya Moss-Barry 1 – FWThe standard is maximizing expected wellbeing.Prefer:1~ Governments have to use util because they can only understand averages and aggregates, only knowing what is best for the most amount of people. Policymakers aren't philosophers.2~ Extinction outweighs – it's the worst impact and is irreversible. We can't achieve any other frameworks if we are all dead, nor can we improve society.3~ Other standards collapse because they always strive to achieve something that ends up producing pleasure and is good for society, which is util.4~ Pain and pleasure are intrinsically valued and disvalued – we will take our hand off a hot stove.5~ Only consequences can explain degrees of wrongness. Breaking a promise to meet up for lunch is worse than to take a dying person to a hospital – only consequences explain that. | 1/29/22 |
3 - FW - Util v5Tournament: Lincoln Southeast | Round: 2 | Opponent: Lincoln North Star CB | Judge: Emma Sorrell 1 – FWThe standard is maximizing expected wellbeing, or utilitarianism.1~ Pleasure and pain are intrinsic values and disvalues – everything else collapses.Blum et al. 18 Kenneth Blum, 1Department of Psychiatry, Boonshoft School of Medicine, Dayton VA Medical Center, Wright State University, Dayton, OH, USA 2Department of Psychiatry, McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL, USA 3Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Keck Medicine University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA 4Division of Applied Clinical Research and Education, Dominion Diagnostics, LLC, North Kingstown, RI, USA 5Department of Precision Medicine, Geneus Health LLC, San Antonio, TX, USA 6Department of Addiction Research and Therapy, Nupathways Inc., Innsbrook, MO, USA 7Department of Clinical Neurology, Path Foundation, New York, NY, USA 8Division of Neuroscience-Based Addiction Therapy, The Shores Treatment and Recovery Center, Port Saint Lucie, FL, USA 9Institute of Psychology, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary 10Division of Addiction Research, Dominion Diagnostics, LLC. North Kingston, RI, USA 11Victory Nutrition International, Lederach, PA., USA 12National Human Genome Center at Howard University, Washington, DC., USA, Marjorie Gondré-Lewis, 12National Human Genome Center at Howard University, Washington, DC., USA 13Departments of Anatomy and Psychiatry, Howard University College of Medicine, Washington, DC US, Bruce Steinberg, 4Division of Applied Clinical Research and Education, Dominion Diagnostics, LLC, North Kingstown, RI, USA, Igor Elman, 15Department Psychiatry, Cooper University School of Medicine, Camden, NJ, USA, David Baron, 3Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Keck Medicine University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA, Edward J Modestino, 14Department of Psychology, Curry College, Milton, MA, USA, Rajendra D Badgaiyan, 15Department Psychiatry, Cooper University School of Medicine, Camden, NJ, USA, Mark S Gold 16Department of Psychiatry, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, USA, "Our evolved unique pleasure circuit makes humans different from apes: Reconsideration of data derived from animal studies", U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs, 28 February 2018, accessed: 19 August 2020, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6446569/, R.S. 2~ Extinction outweighs and comes first.Pummer 15 ~Theron, Junior Research Fellow in Philosophy at St. Anne's College, University of Oxford. "Moral Agreement on Saving the World" Practical Ethics, University of Oxford. May 18, 2015~ 3~ Governments and policymakers are forced to use util – they can only understand averages and aggregates and what's good for the most people. Bureaucrats aren't philosophers, they only know a cost benefit analysis. | 2/12/22 |
3 - FW - Util v6Tournament: Lincoln Southeast | Round: 3 | Opponent: Norfolk KE | Judge: Samuel Segrist FWThe standard is maximizing expected wellbeing, or utilitarianism.Extinction outweighs and comes first.Pummer 15 ~Theron, Junior Research Fellow in Philosophy at St. Anne's College, University of Oxford. "Moral Agreement on Saving the World" Practical Ethics, University of Oxford. May 18, 2015~ Governments and policymakers are forced to use util – they can only understand averages and aggregates and what's good for the most people. Bureaucrats aren't philosophers, they only know a cost benefit analysis. | 2/12/22 |
JANFEB - AC - AfricaTournament: Peninsula | Round: 2 | Opponent: Marlborough ML | Judge: Tarun Ratnasabapathy AfricaNew investments coming and companies are launching – economic incentives make it alluringTosar 20 ~(Borja Tosar, reporter) "Asteroid Mining: A New Space Race," OpenMind BBVA, May 18, 2020, https://www.bbvaopenmind.com/en/science/physics/asteroid-mining-a-new-space-race/~~ Africa mining is growing despite hinderances – it's critical for the African economy but private space mining decks it.Oni 19 ~(David, a space industry and technology analyst at Space in Africa. He's a graduate of Mining Engineering from the Federal University of Technology Akure.) "The Effect of Asteroid Mining on Mining Activities in Africa," Africa News, 9/24/19, https://africanews.space/the-effect-of-asteroid-mining-on-mining-activities-in-africa/~~ ====Economic decline means Africa war==== Africa goes nuclear – brings in Middle East, terrorism, and nuclear powersMead 13' ~(Walter Mead is a James Clarke Chace Professor of Foreign Affairs and Humanities, Bard College) "Peace in The Congo? Why the World Should Care," The American Interest, December 15, 2013. https://www.the-american-interest.com/2013/12/15/peace-in-the-congo-why-the-world-should-care/ ~MNHS JS~ Nuke war means extinctionGermanos 13' ~senior editor staff writer Common Dreams on IPPNW and PSR~~"Nuclear War Could Mean 'Extinction of the Human Race.'" Common Dreams, 10 Dec. 2013, www.commondreams.org/news/2013/12/10/nuclear-war-could-mean-extinction-human-race~#:7E:text=A20war20using20even20a,people2C20a20new20report20warns.andtext=The20updated20report20adds20that,such20a20war20broke20out.~ | 1/22/22 |
JANFEB - AC - DebrisTournament: Peninsula | Round: 2 | Opponent: Marlborough ML | Judge: Tarun Ratnasabapathy DebrisCurrently, entrepreneurs are pushing for privatization of space travel with increasing successThompson 20 ~(Clive, author of Coders: The Making of a New Tribe and the Remaking of the World, a columnist for Wired magazine, and a contributing writer to The New York Times Magazine) "Monetizing the Final Frontier The strange new push for space privatization," December 3, 2020 https://newrepublic.com/article/160303/monetizing-final-frontier~~ Incoming mega-constellations of private satellites uniquely ensure unmanageable space debris, triggering the Kessler Syndrome.Boley and Byers 21 ~Aaron C., Department of Physics and Astronomy @ The University of British Columbia*, and Michael, Department of Political Science @ The University of British Columbia; Published: 20 May 2021; Scientific Reports; "Satellite mega-constellations create risks in Low Earth Orbit, the atmosphere and on Earth," https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-021-89909-7~~ Kessler syndrome ensures devastation – satellites checks every impact. It's specifically key to military readiness.George Dvorsky 15. Senior Staff reporter at Gizmodo. "What Would Happen If All Our Satellites Were Suddenly Destroyed?" https://io9.gizmodo.com/what-would-happen-if-all-our-satellites-were-suddenly-d-1709006681. Readiness is key solve nuke war, terror, and North Korea proliferation – extinction.Bonds 17 ~Timothy M. Bonds is vice president, Army Research Division, and director, RAND Arroyo Center. Bonds has served as a RAND vice president since 2011. Previously, he was deputy director of the Arroyo Center from 2003 to 2011, acting director from March 2009 to May 2010, and, from 1999 to 2003, director of the Aerospace Force Development Program within RAND Project AIR FORCE. Prior to joining RAND, Bonds spent nine years in the aerospace industry, where he led projects to develop high-speed vehicle and weapons concepts. He holds an M.S. in aero/astro engineering from the University of Illinois and an M.B.A. from Washington University, St. Louis. Limiting Regret: Building the Army We Will Need—An Update. Testimony presented before the House Armed Services Committee, Subcommittee on Tactical Air and Land Forces on March 1, 2017. https://www.rand.org/content/dam/rand/pubs/testimonies/CT400/CT466/RAND_CT466.pdf~~ | 1/22/22 |
JANFEB - AC - Debris v2Tournament: Peninsula | Round: 4 | Opponent: Crean JZ | Judge: Lukas Krause 5 – DebrisCurrently, entrepreneurs are pushing for privatization of space travel with increasing successThompson 20 ~(Clive, author of Coders: The Making of a New Tribe and the Remaking of the World, a columnist for Wired magazine, and a contributing writer to The New York Times Magazine) "Monetizing the Final Frontier The strange new push for space privatization," December 3, 2020 https://newrepublic.com/article/160303/monetizing-final-frontier~~ Incoming mega-constellations of private satellites uniquely ensure unmanageable space debris, triggering the Kessler Syndrome.Boley and Byers 21 ~Aaron C., Department of Physics and Astronomy @ The University of British Columbia*, and Michael, Department of Political Science @ The University of British Columbia; Published: 20 May 2021; Scientific Reports; "Satellite mega-constellations create risks in Low Earth Orbit, the atmosphere and on Earth," https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-021-89909-7~~ Kessler syndrome ensures devastation – satellites checks every impact – extinction. Power, GPS, Military, Climate Change.George Dvorsky 15. Senior Staff reporter at Gizmodo. "What Would Happen If All Our Satellites Were Suddenly Destroyed?" https://io9.gizmodo.com/what-would-happen-if-all-our-satellites-were-suddenly-d-1709006681. | 1/23/22 |
JANFEB - AC - Debris v3Tournament: Barkley | Round: 2 | Opponent: Catonsville AT | Judge: David Dosch DebrisCurrently, entrepreneurs are pushing for privatization of space travel with increasing successThompson 20 ~(Clive, author of Coders: The Making of a New Tribe and the Remaking of the World, a columnist for Wired magazine, and a contributing writer to The New York Times Magazine) "Monetizing the Final Frontier The strange new push for space privatization," December 3, 2020 https://newrepublic.com/article/160303/monetizing-final-frontier~~ Incoming mega-constellations of private satellites uniquely ensure unmanageable space debris, triggering the Kessler Syndrome.Boley and Byers 21 ~Aaron C., Department of Physics and Astronomy @ The University of British Columbia*, and Michael, Department of Political Science @ The University of British Columbia; Published: 20 May 2021; Scientific Reports; "Satellite mega-constellations create risks in Low Earth Orbit, the atmosphere and on Earth," https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-021-89909-7~~ Kessler syndrome ensures devastation – satellites checks every impact. It's specifically key to military readiness.George Dvorsky 15. Senior Staff reporter at Gizmodo. "What Would Happen If All Our Satellites Were Suddenly Destroyed?" https://io9.gizmodo.com/what-would-happen-if-all-our-satellites-were-suddenly-d-1709006681. | 1/28/22 |
JANFEB - AC - LayTournament: Myers Park | Round: 4 | Opponent: Charlotte Catholic KB | Judge: Ananya Garg Contention 1Our first contention is space debris.Currently, entrepreneurs are pushing for privatization of space travel with increasing successThompson 20 ~(Clive, author of Coders: The Making of a New Tribe and the Remaking of the World, a columnist for Wired magazine, and a contributing writer to The New York Times Magazine) "Monetizing the Final Frontier The strange new push for space privatization," December 3, 2020 https://newrepublic.com/article/160303/monetizing-final-frontier~~ Incoming mega-constellations of private satellites uniquely ensure unmanageable space debris, triggering the Kessler Syndrome.Boley and Byers 21 ~Aaron C., Department of Physics and Astronomy @ The University of British Columbia*, and Michael, Department of Political Science @ The University of British Columbia; Published: 20 May 2021; Scientific Reports; "Satellite mega-constellations create risks in Low Earth Orbit, the atmosphere and on Earth," https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-021-89909-7~~ The modern food system relies on satellites. Collapse triggers global shocks to supply.Tompkins 19 ~Steven, Inmarsat's Director of Sector Development for Agriculture. Head of Resilient and Sustainable Supply Chains Team at ADAS. Entrepreneurial manager with a sustained track record of building new profitable business streams for science-based organizations in the agri-food sector.; 3-18-2019; "Enabling the connected farm – the importance of satellite communications," Inmarsat, https://www.inmarsat.com/blog/enabling-the-connected-farm-the-importance-of-satellite-communications/~~ Food shortages go nuclear.FDI 12 ~FDI; a Research institute providing strategic analysis of Australia's global interests; citing Lindsay Falvery, PhD in Agricultural Science and former Professor at the University of Melbourne's Institute of Land and Environment (Future Directions International, , "Food and Water Insecurity: International Conflict Triggers and Potential Conflict Points," http://www.futuredirections.org.au/workshop-papers/537-international-conflict-triggers-and-potential-conflict-points-resulting-from-food-and-water-insecurity.html~~ Nuke war means extinctionGermanos 13' ~senior editor staff writer Common Dreams on IPPNW and PSR~~"Nuclear War Could Mean 'Extinction of the Human Race.'" Common Dreams, 10 Dec. 2013, www.commondreams.org/news/2013/12/10/nuclear-war-could-mean-extinction-human-race~#:7E:text=A20war20using20even20a,people2C20a20new20report20warns.andtext=The20updated20report20adds20that,such20a20war20broke20out.~ Contention 2Our second contention is Russia.Deep space exploration is a shared goal that prevents escalation of US-Russia tensions. However, privatization threatens it independent of our other internal linksCSIS 18 ~(Center for Strategic and International Studies), "Why Human Space Exploration Matters," August 21, 2018 https://www.csis.org/blogs/post-soviet-post/space-cooperation~~ Space missions prove vital for cooperation between Russia and the US. Biden and Putin know this, and first steps are being made.Luxmoore, 11/03, U.S. and Russia Find Some Common Ground—in Space, https://foreignpolicy.com/2021/11/03/us-russia-space-cooperation-nasa-sirius/, Foreign Policy, It's make or break for the relationship – Ukraine tensions and the decline of US authority put us at the brink of war. The plan is key to prevent this.Weir 21 ~(Fred Weir has been the Monitor's Moscow correspondent, covering Russia and the former Soviet Union, since 1998. He's traveled over much of that vast territory, reporting on stories ranging from Russia's financial crash to the war in Chechnya, creeping Islamization in central Asia, Russia's demographic crisis, the rise of Vladimir Putin and his repeated returns to the Kremlin, and the ups and downs of US-Russia relations). "Worse than the Cold War? US-Russia relations hit new low." Christian Science Monitor 4-20-2021 https://www.csmonitor.com/World/Europe/2021/0420/Worse-than-the-Cold-War-US-Russia-relations-hit-new-low~~ Tensions and war will go nuclear.Marrow and Trevelyan 21' ("Russia says it may be forced to deploy mid-range nuclear missiles in Europe", Alexander Marrow and Mark Trevelyan, 12/13/2021, https://www.reuters.com/world/russia-says-lack-nato-security-guarantees-would-lead-confrontation-ria-2021-12-13/) Nuke war, especially with Russia, would mean extinction.Germanos 13' ~senior editor staff writer Common Dreams on IPPNW and PSR~~"Nuclear War Could Mean 'Extinction of the Human Race.'" Common Dreams, 10 Dec. 2013, www.commondreams.org/news/2013/12/10/nuclear-war-could-mean-extinction-human-race~#:7E:text=A20war20using20even20a,people2C20a20new20report20warns.andtext=The20updated20report20adds20that,such20a20war20broke20out.~ Thus, I proudly affirm and urge a ballot in affirmation, as it is to try or die. | 1/8/22 |
JANFEB - AC - RussiaTournament: Peninsula | Round: 2 | Opponent: Marlborough ML | Judge: Tarun Ratnasabapathy RussiaDeep space exploration is a shared goal that prevents escalation of US-Russia tensions. But privatization threatens it independent of our other internal linksCSIS 18' ~(Center for Strategic and International Studies), "Why Human Space Exploration Matters," August 21, 2018 https://www.csis.org/blogs/post-soviet-post/space-cooperation~~ Space missions prove vital for cooperation between Russia and the US. Biden and Putin know – first steps have already been madeLuxmoore 21' U.S. and Russia Find Some Common Ground—in Space, https://foreignpolicy.com/2021/11/03/us-russia-space-cooperation-nasa-sirius/, Foreign Policy, It's make or break for the relationship – Ukraine and the decline of US authority puts us at the brink of war.Weir 21 ~(Fred Weir has been the Monitor's Moscow correspondent, covering Russia and the former Soviet Union, since 1998. He's traveled over much of that vast territory, reporting on stories ranging from Russia's financial crash to the war in Chechnya, creeping Islamization in central Asia, Russia's demographic crisis, the rise of Vladimir Putin and his repeated returns to the Kremlin, and the ups and downs of US-Russia relations). "Worse than the Cold War? US-Russia relations hit new low." Christian Science Monitor 4-20-2021 https://www.csmonitor.com/World/Europe/2021/0420/Worse-than-the-Cold-War-US-Russia-relations-hit-new-low~~ Tensions and war will go nuclear.Marrow and Trevelyan 21' ("Russia says it may be forced to deploy mid-range nuclear missiles in Europe", Alexander Marrow and Mark Trevelyan, 12/13/2021, https://www.reuters.com/world/russia-says-lack-nato-security-guarantees-would-lead-confrontation-ria-2021-12-13/) Nuke war causes extinction – it won't stay limitedEdwards 17 ~(Paul N. Edwards, CISAC's William J. Perry Fellow in International Security at Stanford's Freeman Spogli Institute for International Studies. Being interviewed by EarthSky/card is only parts of the interview directly from Paul Edwards.) "How nuclear war would affect Earth's climate," EarthSky, September 8, 2017, earthsky.org/human-world/how-nuclear-war-would-affect-earths-climate~ | 1/22/22 |
NOVDEC - AC - Civil WarTournament: Dowling | Round: 2 | Opponent: Catonsville AT | Judge: Danny Flores Advantage – Civil WarUnions weaker now but there's a huge opportunity to gain momentum.Isidore 21' ("US unions are better off, but still a long way from their former might", Chris Isidore, 9/6/2021, https://www.cnn.com/2021/09/06/business/unions-strength-labor-day/index.html, Chris Isidore is a senior writer for CNN Business, where he covers the auto industry, airlines, labor and all other manner of breaking financial news. Over the last 30 years, he has covered most major US bankruptcies, including GM, Chrysler, Lehman Brothers, most US airlines and Sears, as well as the city of Detroit.) Strikes are necessary to sustain union strength.Reich, Adam, et al 20. (Adam Reich received his PhD in sociology from UC Berkeley in 2012, and was a Robert Wood Johnson Health and Society Scholar at Columbia from 2012 to 2014. He focuses on economic and cultural sociology. Much of his research concerns how people make sense of their economic activities and economic positions within organizations. Reich is the author of three books, the most recent of which is Selling Our Souls: The Commodification of Hospital Care in the United States (Princeton, 2014). He is also the author of several peer-reviewed articles, which have appeared in journals such as the American Journal of Sociology and Social Science and Medicine. Education Ph.D. University of California, Berkeley, 2012.) "Schooled by Strikes? The Effects of Large-Scale Labor Unrest on Mass Attitudes Toward the Labor Movement." Cambridge Core, 2 June 2020, www.cambridge.org/core/journals/perspectives-on-politics/article/abs/schooled-by-strikes-the-effects-of-largescale-labor-unrest-on-mass-attitudes-toward-the-labor-movement/0B7101A887DCE4134E26B758D082C8DB. Unions are uniquely critical for reducing economic inequalities.EPI 21' ("Unions help reduce disparities and strengthen our democracy", Economic Policy Institute, 4/23/21, https://www.epi.org/publication/unions-help-reduce-disparities-and-strengthen-our-democracy/) Economic inequality causes US civil war.Aldhous 10-24-20 Civil war causes extinction – nuclear powers get drawn in and start WWIII.Michael Laitman, PhD, 8-25-17 ~Professor of Ontology and Theory of Knowledge, PhD in Philosophy, MSc in Medical Bio-Cybernetics~ "There Will Be No Winners in the Second Civil War," Newsmax, https://www.newsmax.com/MichaelLaitman/america-civil-war-newt-gingrich-don-lemon/2017/08/25/id/809867/ | 12/11/21 |
NOVDEC - AC - ClimateTournament: Millard West | Round: 2 | Opponent: West Des Moines Valley LS | Judge: Jesse Nguyen Advantage - ClimateCurrent labor laws pose a huge barrier for climate strikes – it's too restrictiveGhazarian 19' ("The Climate Strikers Walked Out of School. Next, Let's Walk Off the Job", Sydney Ghazarian, 11/5/2019, https://inthesetimes.com/article/climate-change-strike-labor-union-school-strike-protest, Sydney Ghazarian started the National Democratic Socialists of America (DSA) Ecosocialist Working Group and is a member of its current Steering Committee. She is also a climate organizer and an advisory board member for The Trouble." Climate strikes are successful in spreading awareness – we need more to truly force action.Thunberg et al 19' ("Why We Strike Again", Greta Thunberg, Luisa Neubauer, Angela Valenzuela, 11/29/2019, https://www.project-syndicate.org/commentary/climate-strikes-un-conference-madrid-by-greta-thunberg-et-al-2019-11)
Climate change perpetrates slow violence that hurts the most vulnerableNelson 16 – Sara Nelson is a doctoral candidate in the Department of Geography, Environment, and Society at the University of Minnesota. Her research explores the political economy of conservation and environmental management (Sara Nelson, 2/17/16, "The Slow Violence of Climate Change", JacobIn, https://www.jacobinmag.com/2016/02/cop-21-united-nations-paris-climate-change/) The Paris Agreement, achieved December 12 at the twenty-first Conference of | 12/4/21 |
NOVDEC - AC - Climate v2Tournament: Millard West | Round: 4 | Opponent: West Des Moines Valley AM | Judge: Bradley Meurrens Advantage – Climate StrikesClimate change is evident right now – we are on the brink of catastrophe and the point of no returnHarvey 21' ("We're on the brink of catastrophe, warns Tory climate chief", 8/7/2021, Fiona Harvey, https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2021/aug/07/were-on-the-brink-of-catastrophe-warns-tory-climate-chief) Current labor laws pose a huge barrier for climate strikes – it's too restrictiveGhazarian 19' ("The Climate Strikers Walked Out of School. Next, Let's Walk Off the Job", Sydney Ghazarian, 11/5/2019, https://inthesetimes.com/article/climate-change-strike-labor-union-school-strike-protest, Sydney Ghazarian started the National Democratic Socialists of America (DSA) Ecosocialist Working Group and is a member of its current Steering Committee. She is also a climate organizer and an advisory board member for The Trouble." Climate strikes are successful in spreading awareness – we need more to truly force action.Thunberg et al 19' ("Why We Strike Again", Greta Thunberg, Luisa Neubauer, Angela Valenzuela, 11/29/2019, https://www.project-syndicate.org/commentary/climate-strikes-un-conference-madrid-by-greta-thunberg-et-al-2019-11)
Warming causes extinction and turns every impact – no adaptation and each degree is worseKrosofsky '21 ~Andrew, Green Matters Journalist, "How Global Warming May Eventually Lead to Global Extinction", Green Matters, 03-11-2021, https://www.greenmatters.com/p/will-global-warming-cause-extinction~~ Climate change perpetrates slow violence that hurts the most vulnerableNelson 16 – Sara Nelson is a doctoral candidate in the Department of Geography, Environment, and Society at the University of Minnesota. Her research explores the political economy of conservation and environmental management (Sara Nelson, 2/17/16, "The Slow Violence of Climate Change", JacobIn, https://www.jacobinmag.com/2016/02/cop-21-united-nations-paris-climate-change/) The Paris Agreement, achieved December 12 at the twenty-first Conference of | 12/4/21 |
NOVDEC - AC - Climate v3Tournament: Millard West | Round: Quarters | Opponent: Lincoln East BH | Judge: Chris Begeman, Madelyn Moen, Anna Synya Advantage – Climate StrikesClimate change is evident right now – we are on the brink of catastrophe and the point of no returnHarvey 21' ("We're on the brink of catastrophe, warns Tory climate chief", 8/7/2021, Fiona Harvey, https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2021/aug/07/were-on-the-brink-of-catastrophe-warns-tory-climate-chief) Current labor laws pose a huge barrier for climate strikes – it's too restrictiveGhazarian 19' ("The Climate Strikers Walked Out of School. Next, Let's Walk Off the Job", Sydney Ghazarian, 11/5/2019, https://inthesetimes.com/article/climate-change-strike-labor-union-school-strike-protest, Sydney Ghazarian started the National Democratic Socialists of America (DSA) Ecosocialist Working Group and is a member of its current Steering Committee. She is also a climate organizer and an advisory board member for The Trouble." Climate strikes are successful in spreading awareness – we need more to truly force action.Thunberg et al 19' ("Why We Strike Again", Greta Thunberg, Luisa Neubauer, Angela Valenzuela, 11/29/2019, https://www.project-syndicate.org/commentary/climate-strikes-un-conference-madrid-by-greta-thunberg-et-al-2019-11)
The US is uniquely key in leading the fight against climate changeButcher 20' ("The US must lead in the fight against climate change", Danielle Butcher, 9/11/20, https://thehill.com/opinion/energy-environment/515980-the-us-must-lead-in-the-fight-against-climate-change) Warming causes extinction and turns every impact – no adaptation and each degree is worseKrosofsky '21 ~Andrew, Green Matters Journalist, "How Global Warming May Eventually Lead to Global Extinction", Green Matters, 03-11-2021, https://www.greenmatters.com/p/will-global-warming-cause-extinction~~ Climate change perpetrates slow violence that hurts the most vulnerableNelson 16 – Sara Nelson is a doctoral candidate in the Department of Geography, Environment, and Society at the University of Minnesota. Her research explores the political economy of conservation and environmental management (Sara Nelson, 2/17/16, "The Slow Violence of Climate Change", JacobIn, https://www.jacobinmag.com/2016/02/cop-21-united-nations-paris-climate-change/) The Paris Agreement, achieved December 12 at the twenty-first Conference of | 12/4/21 |
NOVDEC - AC - DemocracyTournament: Dowling | Round: 4 | Opponent: Rosemount JA | Judge: Roberto West Advantage – DemocracyFirst is civic engagement – strikes increase democratic participation which reinvigorates democracy.McElwee 15 ~Sean; Research Associate at Demos; "How Unions Boost Democratic Participation," The American Prospect; 9/16/15; https://prospect.org/labor/unions-boost-democratic-participation/~~ Second - the right to strike flips the concentration of power – makes it key to preserve democracy.IER 17 (The IER exists to inform the debate around trade union rights and labour law by providing information, critical analysis, and policy ideas through our network of academics, researchers and lawyers. We were established in February 1989 as an independent organisation to act as a focal point for the spread of new ideas in the field of labour law. In 1994 the Institute became a registered charity.) "UN Rights Expert: Right to Strike is Essential to Democracy." IER, 10 Mar. 2017, www.ier.org.uk/news/un-rights-expert-right-strike-essential-democracy/. Reviving unions is also critical to restoring global democracyNussbaum 19 ~Karen Nussbaum, former Director of the United States Women's Bureau at the Department of Labor with a BA from Goddard College, 2019, "Unions and Democracy," Labor Studies Journal, https://sci-hub.se/https://doi.org/10.1177/0160449X19890523~~/Kankee ====Democratic decline means weakened relations and international order. Tons of impacts – conflict, climate change, violence, and instability.==== | 12/11/21 |
NOVDEC - AC - OppressionTournament: All | Round: 1 | Opponent: All | Judge: All 1The standard is mitigating structural violence.1~ The ROB is to vote for the debater who best endorses actions that criticize and expose social structures of domination and oppression. The purpose of debate education should be to train youth to challenge oppressive structures, not perpetuate them.Bohmer 991 "Teaching Privileged Students about Gender, Race, and Class Oppression." Teaching Sociology, Vol. 19, No. 2 (April, 1991) pp. 154-163 Susanne Bohmer 2~ Morality must start from the non-ideal circumstances we have inherited. We can never achieve the ideal consequences that ethical theories aspire for without a focus on social realityMills 05 Charles W. Mills, "Ideal Theory" as Ideology, 2005 3~ This approach to ethics justifies focus on resolving material conditions of violence. Morality isn't just something that we strive for in a vacuum, rather, we resolve it based on the empirical world.Pappas 16 Gregory Fernando Pappas ~Texas AandM University~ "The Pragmatists' Approach to Injustice", The Pluralist Volume 11, Number 1, Spring 2016, 4~ Reject big-stick impacts which push oppressed minority bodies to the back - give a new sense of urgency - waiting politics of the negative which serve to make suffering by continually delaying the affElizabeth Olson 2015 (Associate Professor of Geography and Global Studies at UNC-Chapel Hill, Geography and ethics I: Waiting and urgency, Progress in Human Geography, DOI: 10.1177/0309132515595758) 6/26/17 1~ "Scenario" based probability calculus is logically bankrupt and misunderstands IR. Reject these flashy, overexaggerated, and improbable impacts.Kanwisher 89 ~Nancy Kanwisher "Cognitive Heuristics and American Security Policy" Published: The Journal of Conflict Resolution, December 1989, Vol. 33, No. 4~ ~https://www.jstor.org/stable/173995; pp. 654–656~ ~PDF available upon request~ ~Kanwisher: Professor of Cognitive Neuroscience at MIT. Ex-faculty member at UCLA and Harvard. 1999 received the National Academy of Sciences Troland Research Award. Elected to the National Academy of Sciences in 2005 and to the American Academy of Arts and Sciences in 2009.~ || SM 2~ Slow violence is invisible and exponential – prefer it over flashpoint explanations of violenceNixon 11 (Rob, Rachel Carson Professor of English, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Slow Violence and the Environmentalism of the Poor, pgs. 2-3) 2Striking is necessary to resist oppression, forming the very expression and demand for freedom.Gourevitch 18' (Alex Gourevitch is an associate professor of political science at Brown University and the author of From Slavery To the Cooperative Commonwealth: Labor and Republican Liberty in the Nineteenth Century. "A Radical Defense of the Right to Strike" 7-12-2018 https://jacobinmag.com/2018/07/right-to-strike-freedom-civil-liberties-oppression") Lower skill, easily replaceable workers who face worse conditions and abuse must use coercive striking tactics in order to solve these oppressions.Gourevitch 18' (Alex Gourevitch is an associate professor of political science at Brown University and the author of From Slavery To the Cooperative Commonwealth: Labor and Republican Liberty in the Nineteenth Century. "A Radical Defense of the Right to Strike" 7-12-2018 https://jacobinmag.com/2018/07/right-to-strike-freedom-civil-liberties-oppression") Right to strike is unique in leveling the playing field for public workers – tons of benefitsMyall '19 (https://www.mecep.org/blog/right-to-strike-would-level-the-playing-field-for-public-workers-with-benefits-for-all-of-us/, "Right to strike would level the playing field for public workers, with benefits for all of us", James Myall, 4/17/2019, "James is MECEP's lead on the inclusive economy, including research on labor issues, gender and racial equity, and health care policy. James conducts research and impact analyses, writes educational materials, and collaborates with partners. He is skilled in data collection, research, and statistical and policy analysis. He studied public policy and management at the University of Southern Maine and holds a master's degree in ancient history and archaeology from the University of St. Andrews in Scotland.") Strikes don't perpetuate disturbance – they are good in the long run and solve for oppression stemming the root of actual disturbance – unjust policies and social flaws. Human workers are a prereq to the economy – no humans, no economy.Lim '19 (https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2019/12/11/lim-right-to-strike/, Woojin Lim, 12/11/2019, "The Right to Strike", Woojin Lim is a Crimson Editorial editor, is a Philosophy concentrator in Winthrop House) Oppressions will not stop insofar as strikes are not available and strikes are effectiveChibber 16' ("Why the Working Class?", Vivek Chibber, 3/13/2016, Vivek Chibber is a professor of sociology at New York University. He is the editor of Catalyst: A Journey of Theory and Strategy., https://www.jacobinmag.com/2016/03/working-class-capitalism-socialists-strike-power/) | 1/8/22 |
NOVDEC - AC - Oppression v2Tournament: Millard South | Round: 1 | Opponent: Millard South PN | Judge: Nicholas Wallenburg 1 - FrameworkThe standard is mitigating structural violence.1~ The ROB is to vote for the debater who best endorses actions that criticize and expose social structures of domination and oppression. The purpose of debate education should be to train youth to challenge oppressive structures, not perpetuate them.Bohmer 991 "Teaching Privileged Students about Gender, Race, and Class Oppression." Teaching Sociology, Vol. 19, No. 2 (April, 1991) pp. 154-163 Susanne Bohmer 2~ Morality must start from the non-ideal circumstances we have inherited. We can never achieve the ideal consequences that ethical theories aspire for without a focus on social realityMills 05 Charles W. Mills, "Ideal Theory" as Ideology, 2005 3~ This approach to ethics justifies focus on resolving material conditions of violence. Morality isn't just something that we strive for in a vacuum, rather, we resolve it based on the empirical world.Pappas 16 Gregory Fernando Pappas ~Texas AandM University~ "The Pragmatists' Approach to Injustice", The Pluralist Volume 11, Number 1, Spring 2016, 4~ Reject big-stick impacts which push oppressed minority bodies to the back - give a new sense of urgency - waiting politics of the negative which serve to make suffering by continually delaying the affElizabeth Olson 2015 (Associate Professor of Geography and Global Studies at UNC-Chapel Hill, Geography and ethics I: Waiting and urgency, Progress in Human Geography, DOI: 10.1177/0309132515595758) 6/26/17 2 - OppressionLower skill, easily replaceable workers who face worse conditions and abuse must use coercive striking tactics in order to solve these oppressions.Gourevitch 18' (Alex Gourevitch is an associate professor of political science at Brown University and the author of From Slavery To the Cooperative Commonwealth: Labor and Republican Liberty in the Nineteenth Century. "A Radical Defense of the Right to Strike" 7-12-2018 https://jacobinmag.com/2018/07/right-to-strike-freedom-civil-liberties-oppression") Right to strike is unique in leveling the playing field for public workers – tons of benefitsMyall '19 (https://www.mecep.org/blog/right-to-strike-would-level-the-playing-field-for-public-workers-with-benefits-for-all-of-us/, "Right to strike would level the playing field for public workers, with benefits for all of us", James Myall, 4/17/2019, "James is MECEP's lead on the inclusive economy, including research on labor issues, gender and racial equity, and health care policy. James conducts research and impact analyses, writes educational materials, and collaborates with partners. He is skilled in data collection, research, and statistical and policy analysis. He studied public policy and management at the University of Southern Maine and holds a master's degree in ancient history and archaeology from the University of St. Andrews in Scotland.") Strikes don't perpetuate disturbance – they are good in the long run and solve for oppression stemming the root of actual disturbance – unjust policies and social flaws. Human workers are a prereq to the economy – no humans, no economy.Lim '19 (https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2019/12/11/lim-right-to-strike/, Woojin Lim, 12/11/2019, "The Right to Strike", Woojin Lim is a Crimson Editorial editor, is a Philosophy concentrator in Winthrop House) Oppressions will not stop insofar as strikes are not available as strikes are uniquely effective.Chibber 16' ("Why the Working Class?", Vivek Chibber, 3/13/2016, Vivek Chibber is a professor of sociology at New York University. He is the editor of Catalyst: A Journey of Theory and Strategy., https://www.jacobinmag.com/2016/03/working-class-capitalism-socialists-strike-power/) Thus, I proudly affirm and urge a ballot in affirmation, as it is to try or die. | 11/20/21 |
SEPTOCT - AC - CapTournament: Loyola | Round: 2 | Opponent: Dulles NJ | Judge: Tej Gedela ACFWOur value is morality as given by the word "ought" in the resolution.The standard is maximizing expected well-being or utilitarianism (util).1~ Pleasure and pain are intrinsic value and disvalue, they form the foundation of experiences, value, and reasoning. We inherently engage in util to max pleasure min pain.Blum et al. 18 2~ Governments/states have to prefer util, as we cannot look into the lives of every single person in order to determine an action to make, especially on the scale of a nation.Goodin 95 (Robert, philsopher at the Research School of the Social Sciences, Utilitarianism as Public Philosophy. P. 62-63) 3~ Extinction first and outweighsMacAskill 14 ~William, Oxford Philosopher and youngest tenured philosopher in the world, Normative Uncertainty, 2014~ 4~ Equal individual value reinforces util.Cummiskey 90' 5~ Util is also fair.Driver 09' 6~ COLLAPSE: Util acts as a prereq to other frameworks and other frameworks collapse into util.A~ This is since first, all frameworks essentially collapse down to a maximization of something or an aspect of our lives in which creates more wellbeing in our world. Such is util. 1We affirm the resolutionThey link – IPRs are fundamental to capitalism and promote it. They are inherent to capitalism.Granstrand 99' Ross further provesRoss 21' IPRs fuel capitalism and monopoly.Perelman 03' The pharmaceutical industry plays a key role in capitalism.Attard 20' Capitalism is unsustainable - the drive for profit will cause extinction.Parr 13' AND - Capitalism is the foundation of all forms of oppression and justice/values are destroyed.Giroux 14 | 9/4/21 |
SEPTOCT - AC - OpioidsTournament: Meadows | Round: 6 | Opponent: Marlborough ML | Judge: X Braithwaite AC – OpioidsAdvantageDrug Overdoes from addictive opioids are rooted in patents – they incentivize companies to aggressively market and overprescribe them which leads to huge amounts of people becoming addictedVertinsky 8-2 ~Liza Vertinsky, Associate Professor, Project Leader for Global Health Law and Policy Project, Global Health Faculty Fellow, Emory University School of Law, 8-2-2021, "To Address the Overdose Epidemic, Tackle Pharma Industry Influence" The Harvard Law Petrie-Flom Center, Accessed 8-18-2021, https://blog.petrieflom.law.harvard.edu/2021/08/02/opioids-pharma-regulatory-capture/ ww Patents created the opioid crisis – Patents reward companies that make addictive drugs, and market exclusivity allows for aggressive marketing that allowed over prescription of opioids.Hemel and Ouellette 20~Daniel J Hemel, Assistant professor of law and Ronald H.Coase Research scholar@ university of Chicago law school. Lisa Larrimore Ouellette, Associate professor of law and Justin M. January-June 2020, "Innovation institutions and the opioid crisis" Journal of Law and the Biosciences, Volume 7, Issue 1, https://doi.org/10.1093/jlb/lsaa001 ww IPP rewards addictive medicines and punishes alternative medicines – the plan shifts patients towards non addictive meds through reducing the amount of opioidsHemel and Ouellette 20~Daniel J Hemel, Assistant professor of law and Ronald H.Coase Research scholar@ university of Chicago law school. Lisa Larrimore Ouellette, Associate professor of law and Justin M. January-June 2020, "Innovation institutions and the opioid crisis" Journal of Law and the Biosciences, Volume 7, Issue 1, https://doi.org/10.1093/jlb/lsaa001 ww The plan spurs on innovation for non-opioid pain killersHemel and Ouellette 20~Daniel J Hemel, Assistant professor of law and Ronald H.Coase Research scholar@ university of Chicago law school. Lisa Larrimore Ouellette, Associate professor of law and Justin M. January-June 2020, "Innovation institutions and the opioid crisis" Journal of Law and the Biosciences, Volume 7, Issue 1, https://doi.org/10.1093/jlb/lsaa001 ww PlanPlan: The Member Nations of the World Trade Organization Should Terminate current and ban secondary patents of opioid painkillers.The plan solves the evergreening of opioid patents – companies will renew their patents over and over without making any substantial changes – banning the evergreening of these patents will deter the aggressive marketing that's incentivized by patentsThe plan is key – Other stratagies can't solve patent abuseFoley 17~Katherine Ellen Foley, a health reporter for Quartz based in Washington, D.C. She holds an M.A. in journalism from NYU's Science, Health and Environmental Reporting Program (SHERP 33), and her undergraduate degree is from Georgetown University's School of Foreign Service, where she studied science, tech and international affairs, 11-18-2017, "Big Pharma is taking advantage of patent law to keep OxyContin from ever dying" Quartz, Accessed 7-21-2021, https://qz.com/1125690/big-pharma-is-taking-advantage-of-patent-law-to-keep-oxycontin-from-ever-dying/ ww FWThe Standard is maximizing expected well-being.1~ Aggregation is inevitable for governments since they have to make tradeoffs – actor specificity o/w since different agents have different obligations.2~ Consequences matter – if you knew taking an action would result in a consequence, it becomes in line with your intent since you intend for that consequence to happen.3~ Binding – pain and pleasure are the only things with intrinsic value and disvalue – if I put my hand on a hot stove I will pull away – ethics must be binding bc if they aren't then it's impossible to generate obligations4~ "Scenario" based probability calculus is logically bankrupt and misunderstands IR. Prefer small, probable impactsKanwisher 89 ~Nancy Kanwisher "Cognitive Heuristics and American Security Policy" Published: The Journal of Conflict Resolution, December 1989, Vol. 33, No. 4~ ~https://www.jstor.org/stable/173995; pp. 654–656~ ~PDF available upon request~ ~Kanwisher: Professor of Cognitive Neuroscience at MIT. Ex-faculty member at UCLA and Harvard. 1999 received the National Academy of Sciences Troland Research Award. Elected to the National Academy of Sciences in 2005 and to the American Academy of Arts and Sciences in 2009.~ || SM 5~ Slow violence is invisible and exponential – prefer it over flashpoint explanations of violenceNixon 11 UV1AR theory –A~ AFF gets it because otherwise the neg can engage in infinite abuse which outweighs their argumentsB~ Drop the debater – the time crunched 1AR can't win substance and theory to check abuseC~ Competing interps – 1AR interps aren't bidirectional so they should defend their norm and the neg can always brute force their way through reasonability debatesD~They have 6 mins to answer it while I only have 3 mins to flesh it out and make it a voter which means they don't need the RVIE~ 1AR theory first – it's a bigger percentage of the 1AR than NC theory means the abuse was worse and if we win the NC is abusive you shouldn't evaluate any of the arguments from it anywaysNC Theory –A~ It's drop the argument since the 1AC speaks in the dark and violates countless bidirectional interps no matter what so we shouldn't be punished for it.B~ Reasonability since the 1AR is too short to effectively win offense against a 6-minute 2nr dump.C~ Yes RVIs – k2 topic edu by deterring friv violations and forces negs to think twice before skewing the 1AR since they know each shell is another split in the 2N, also k2 reciprocity – T is a unique avenue to the ballot that the aff can't access – makes T structurally unfair without the RVI which kills fairness.PandP affirm –1~ Statements are true before false since if I told you my name, you'd believe me.2~ Illogical – presuming statements false is illogical since you can't say things like P and ~P are both wrong.Reformism is effective and brings revolutionary change closer rather than pushing it awayDelgado 9 (Richard, self-appointed Minority scholar, Chair of Law at the University of Alabama Law School, J.D. from the University of California, Berkeley, his books have won eight national book prizes, including six Gustavus Myers awards for outstanding book on human rights in North America, the American Library Association's Outstanding Academic Book, and a Pulitzer Prize nomination, Professor Delgado's teaching and writing focus on race, the legal profession, and social change, 2009, "Does Critical Legal Studies Have What Minorities Want, Arguing about Law,") BS 1-28-2018 Politics can be criticism rather than affirmation – making demands on the state does not mean endorsing it.Saul Newman 10, Reader in Political Theory at Goldsmiths, U of London, Theory and Event Volume 13, Issue 2 | 10/31/21 |
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