Marlborough Salkin Aff
| Tournament | Round | Opponent | Judge | Cites | Round Report | Open Source | Edit/Delete |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Jack HoweLong Beach | 1 | Brookfield East DJ | Clark-Villanueva, Leah |
|
|
| |
| Jack HoweLong Beach | 5 | Independent WW | Asher Towner |
|
| ||
| Jack HoweLong Beach | Doubles | Leonard Mokroski | idek |
|
| ||
| WBFL | 2 | Brentwood AR | Darin Hwang |
|
| ||
| x | 2 | x | me |
|
|
|
| Tournament | Round | Report |
|---|---|---|
| Jack HoweLong Beach | 1 | Opponent: Brookfield East DJ | Judge: Clark-Villanueva, Leah AC covid |
| x | 2 | Opponent: x | Judge: me xx |
To modify or delete round reports, edit the associated round.
Cites
| Entry | Date |
|---|---|
Contact InfoTournament: x | Round: 2 | Opponent: x | Judge: me | 9/18/21 |
Covid AC1Tournament: Jack HoweLong Beach | Round: 1 | Opponent: Brookfield East DJ | Judge: Clark-Villanueva, Leah I. Vaccine ApartheidA TRIPS waiver for covid vaccines will not pass in the squo. Baschuk 7/26Bryce Baschuk ~Reporter, Bloomberg Economics~, 21 - ("WTO Holiday From Vaccine Equity Talks Draws Calls for Action," Bloomberg, 7-26-2021, accessed 8-18-2021, https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2021-07-26/wto-s-holiday-from-vaccine-equity-talks-draws-calls-for-action)//ML AND ," said Thiru Balasubramaniam a managing director at Knowledge Ecology International in Europe. The only way to solve the pandemic is global vaccination, but current production is woefully short.Public Citizen 3/29 - Public Citizen ~"Public Citizen is a nonprofit consumer advocacy organization that champions the public interest in the halls of power. We defend democracy, resist corporate power and work to ensure that government works for the people – not for big corporations. Founded in 1971, we now have 500,000 members and supporters throughout the country. We don’t participate in partisan political activities or endorse any candidates for elected office. We take no government or corporate money, which enables us to remain fiercely independent and call out bad actors – no matter who they are or how much power and money they have."~, "Waiver of the WTO’s Intellectual Property Rules: Facts vs. Common Myths," Public Citizen Global Trade Watch Series. March 29, 2021. Accessed Aug. 10, 2021. https://www.citizen.org/article/waiver-of-the-wtos-intellectual-property-rules-myths-vs-facts/ AT AND must reverse it to speed the end of the COVID-19 pandemic. Changing IP laws is key to combatting global health inequality and vaccine apartheid. Rich countries hoard vaccine supply, which means donor models never solve and reinforce colonialism. Harman et al 6/21Sophie Harman ~professor of Politics and International Relations, Queen Mary University of London~, Parsa Erfani ~Fogarty Global Health Fellow at the University of Global Health Equity and a medical student at Harvard Medical School~, Tinashe Goronga ~Community Organiser Equal Health Global Campaign Against Racism at EqualHealth~, Jason Hickel, Michelle Morse, Eugene T Richardson 6/21 - ("Global vaccine equity demands reparative justice — not charity," BMJ Global Health, 6/21/2021, https://gh.bmj.com/content/6/6/e006504)//ML AND the COVID-19 pandemic can be a first step in this direction. Compulsory licensing is not sufficient – drug company resistance, IP thickets, and devolved decision-making.Stiglitz and Wallach 4/26 - Joseph E. Stiglitz and Lori Wallach ~Joseph E. Stiglitz, co-recipient of the 2001 Nobel Memorial Prize in Economics Sciences, teaches at Columbia University. Lori Wallach is the director of Public Citizen’s Global Trade Watch.~, "Opinion: Preserving intellectual property barriers to covid-19 vaccines is morally wrong and foolish," Washington Post (Web). April 26, 2021. Accessed Aug. 10, 2021. https://www.washingtonpost.com/opinions/2021/04/26/preserving-intellectual-property-barriers-covid-19-vaccines-is-morally-wrong-foolish/ AT AND medicines with complex global supply chains, such as covid-19 vaccines. Vaccine shortfall causes widespread death and poverty.Public Citizen 3/1 - Public Citizen ~"Public Citizen is a nonprofit consumer advocacy organization that champions the public interest in the halls of power. We defend democracy, resist corporate power and work to ensure that government works for the people – not for big corporations. Founded in 1971, we now have 500,000 members and supporters throughout the country. We don’t participate in partisan political activities or endorse any candidates for elected office. We take no government or corporate money, which enables us to remain fiercely independent and call out bad actors – no matter who they are or how much power and money they have."~, "Backgrounder: WTO-Required Monopolies for Pharmaceutical Corporations Obstruct Global Production of COVID-19 Vaccines and Treatment," Public Citizen Global Trade Watch Series. March 1, 2021. Accessed Aug. 12, 2021. https://www.citizen.org/article/wto-required-monopolies-for-pharmaceutical-corporations-obstruct-global-production-of-covid-19-vaccines-and-treatments/ AT AND income countries’ populations could reduce global losses by $5.5 trillion. Poverty and disease are mutually reinforcing, causing staggering suffering and injustice.Hollis and Pogge ’08 - Aidan Hollis ~Associate Professor of Economics, the University of Calgary~ and Thomas Pogge ~Leitner Professor of Philosophy and International Affairs, Yale University~, "The Health Impact Fund Making New Medicines Accessible for All," Incentives for Global Health (2008) AT AND a crucial role in explaining the catastrophic health situation among the global poor. II. SolvencyPlan text: The member nations of the World Trade Organization ought to waive intellectual property protections for Covid-19 related medicines.Public Citizen 6/22 - Public Citizen et. al, "Please Speedily Secure Implementation of a COVID-19 Emergency Waiver of WTO TRIPS Rules for Vaccines, Tests and Treatments," Open Letter to President Joe Biden. June 22, 2021. https://www.citizenstrade.org/ctc/wp-content/uploads/2021/06/COVIDTRIPSWaiver'SignOnLtr2'062221.pdf~~#new'tab AT AND term impact on people’s health and the world’s health system would be unprecedented. A waiver would increase leverage over pharma and provide legal certainty needed to spur critical production.Stiglitz and Wallach 4/26 - Joseph E. Stiglitz and Lori Wallach ~Joseph E. Stiglitz, co-recipient of the 2001 Nobel Memorial Prize in Economics Sciences, teaches at Columbia University. Lori Wallach is the director of Public Citizen’s Global Trade Watch.~, "Opinion: Preserving intellectual property barriers to covid-19 vaccines is morally wrong and foolish," Washington Post (Web). April 26, 2021. Accessed Aug. 10, 2021. https://www.washingtonpost.com/opinions/2021/04/26/preserving-intellectual-property-barriers-covid-19-vaccines-is-morally-wrong-foolish/ AT AND the world, as well as diagnostic tests and vaccine supply chain products. Legal certainty unlocks global production.Public Citizen 3/29 - Public Citizen ~"Public Citizen is a nonprofit consumer advocacy organization that champions the public interest in the halls of power. We defend democracy, resist corporate power and work to ensure that government works for the people – not for big corporations. Founded in 1971, we now have 500,000 members and supporters throughout the country. We don’t participate in partisan political activities or endorse any candidates for elected office. We take no government or corporate money, which enables us to remain fiercely independent and call out bad actors – no matter who they are or how much power and money they have."~, "Waiver of the WTO’s Intellectual Property Rules: Facts vs. Common Myths," Public Citizen Global Trade Watch Series. March 29, 2021. Accessed Aug. 10, 2021. https://www.citizen.org/article/waiver-of-the-wtos-intellectual-property-rules-myths-vs-facts/ AT AND the platform that, for instance, the Johnson and Johnson vaccine uses. Manufacturing capacity is widespread around the world.Public Citizen 3/29 - Public Citizen ~"Public Citizen is a nonprofit consumer advocacy organization that champions the public interest in the halls of power. We defend democracy, resist corporate power and work to ensure that government works for the people – not for big corporations. Founded in 1971, we now have 500,000 members and supporters throughout the country. We don’t participate in partisan political activities or endorse any candidates for elected office. We take no government or corporate money, which enables us to remain fiercely independent and call out bad actors – no matter who they are or how much power and money they have."~, "Waiver of the WTO’s Intellectual Property Rules: Facts vs. Common Myths," Public Citizen Global Trade Watch Series. March 29, 2021. Accessed Aug. 10, 2021. https://www.citizen.org/article/waiver-of-the-wtos-intellectual-property-rules-myths-vs-facts/ AT AND the platform that, for instance, the Johnson and Johnson vaccine uses. III. FramingThe Aff challenges dehumanizing cultural frames that allow us to ignore human suffering. Recognition of common vulnerability is key to a politics that rejects violence, oppression, and indifference.Butler ’04 - Judith Butler ~Prof. of Rhetoric and Comparative Literature, University of California at Berkeley~, Precarious Life: The Powers of Mourning and Violence. New York: Verso (2006; First Published 2004). pp. 30-35 AT AND also, in the media, for the most part unmarkable and ungrievable. The Aff challenges the hegemonic ideology of the status quo by rejecting sacrificial rationalizations. That logic is the basis for colonialism, slavery, genocide, war, and global poverty.Santos 3 2003, Boaventura de Souza Santos is a Professor of Sociology at the University of Coimbra, "Collective Suicide?", Bad Subjects, Issue ~# 63 , http://www.ces.fe.uc.pt/opiniao/bss/072en.php AND machine of democracy and liberty turns into a machine of horror and destruction. Underview 1Scholarly discourse and engagement with politics is key to effective structural reform - critique is insufficient.Purdy ’20 - Jedediah S. Britton-Purdy et al, 20 - ("Building a Law-and-Political-Economy Framework: Beyond the Twentieth-Century Synthesis by Jedediah S. Britton-Purdy, David Singh Grewal, Amy Kapczynski, K. Sabeel Rahman :: SSRN," 3-2-2020, https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract'id=3547312)//ey/ AND we are lucky, help remake our polity in more deeply democratic ways. Adopt a hybridizing strategy - exploiting contradictions in hegemonic discourse maintains critical distance while effectively challenging the state. Kapoor ‘08Kapoor, 2008 (Ilan, Associate Professor at the Faculty of Environmental Studies, York University, "The Postcolonial Politics of Development," p. 138-139) AND made it difficult for the state to quash them or deflect their claims. Using the government as a heuristic is better pragmatically and forces us to truly investigate political structures in search of ways to improve instead of using abstract solutions for concrete impacts.Zannoti ’13 - Zannoti, Laura, associate professor of Political Science at Virginia Tech., Ph.D. from the University of Washington in 2008 and joined the Purdue University faculty in 2009. "Governmentality, Ontology, Methodology: Re-thinking Political Agency in the Global World", originally published online 30 December 2013, DOI: 10.1177/0304375413512098, P. Sage Publications MC AND my position leads not to apathy but to hyper- and pessimistic activism. Reform makes revolution more likely. Rejecting it condescendingly asserts the possibility of radical change is better than the certainty of real improvement.Delgado ’87 - Delgado, Richard ~teaches civil rights and critical race theory at University of Alabama School of Law. He has written and co-authored numerous articles and books~, "The Ethereal Scholar: Does Critical Legal Studies Have What Minorities Want?", Harvard Civil Rights - Civil Liberties Law Review, 1987 AND whether total change, when it comes, will be what we want. | 9/18/21 |
Covid AC2Tournament: Jack HoweLong Beach | Round: 5 | Opponent: Independent WW | Judge: Asher Towner I. Vaccine ApartheidA TRIPS waiver for covid vaccines will not pass in the squo. Baschauk 7/26Bryce Baschuk ~Reporter, Bloomberg Economics~, 21 - ("WTO Holiday From Vaccine Equity Talks Draws Calls for Action," Bloomberg, 7-26-2021, accessed 8-18-2021, https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2021-07-26/wto-s-holiday-from-vaccine-equity-talks-draws-calls-for-action)//ML AND ," said Thiru Balasubramaniam a managing director at Knowledge Ecology International in Europe. The only way to solve the pandemic is global vaccination, but current production is woefully short.Public Citizen 3/29 - Public Citizen ~"Public Citizen is a nonprofit consumer advocacy organization that champions the public interest in the halls of power. We defend democracy, resist corporate power and work to ensure that government works for the people – not for big corporations. Founded in 1971, we now have 500,000 members and supporters throughout the country. We don’t participate in partisan political activities or endorse any candidates for elected office. We take no government or corporate money, which enables us to remain fiercely independent and call out bad actors – no matter who they are or how much power and money they have."~, "Waiver of the WTO’s Intellectual Property Rules: Facts vs. Common Myths," Public Citizen Global Trade Watch Series. March 29, 2021. Accessed Aug. 10, 2021. https://www.citizen.org/article/waiver-of-the-wtos-intellectual-property-rules-myths-vs-facts/ AT AND must reverse it to speed the end of the COVID-19 pandemic. Changing IP laws is key to combatting global health inequality and vaccine apartheid. Rich countries hoard vaccine supply, which means donor models never solve and reinforce colonialism. Harman et al 6/21Sophie Harman ~professor of Politics and International Relations, Queen Mary University of London~, Parsa Erfani ~Fogarty Global Health Fellow at the University of Global Health Equity and a medical student at Harvard Medical School~, Tinashe Goronga ~Community Organiser Equal Health Global Campaign Against Racism at EqualHealth~, Jason Hickel, Michelle Morse, Eugene T Richardson 6/21 - ("Global vaccine equity demands reparative justice — not charity," BMJ Global Health, 6/21/2021, https://gh.bmj.com/content/6/6/e006504)//ML AND the COVID-19 pandemic can be a first step in this direction. Compulsory licensing is not sufficient – drug company resistance, IP thickets, and devolved decision-making.Stiglitz and Wallach 4/26 - Joseph E. Stiglitz and Lori Wallach ~Joseph E. Stiglitz, co-recipient of the 2001 Nobel Memorial Prize in Economics Sciences, teaches at Columbia University. Lori Wallach is the director of Public Citizen’s Global Trade Watch.~, "Opinion: Preserving intellectual property barriers to covid-19 vaccines is morally wrong and foolish," Washington Post (Web). April 26, 2021. Accessed Aug. 10, 2021. https://www.washingtonpost.com/opinions/2021/04/26/preserving-intellectual-property-barriers-covid-19-vaccines-is-morally-wrong-foolish/ AT AND medicines with complex global supply chains, such as covid-19 vaccines. Vaccine shortfall causes widespread death and poverty.Public Citizen 3/1 - Public Citizen ~"Public Citizen is a nonprofit consumer advocacy organization that champions the public interest in the halls of power. We defend democracy, resist corporate power and work to ensure that government works for the people – not for big corporations. Founded in 1971, we now have 500,000 members and supporters throughout the country. We don’t participate in partisan political activities or endorse any candidates for elected office. We take no government or corporate money, which enables us to remain fiercely independent and call out bad actors – no matter who they are or how much power and money they have."~, "Backgrounder: WTO-Required Monopolies for Pharmaceutical Corporations Obstruct Global Production of COVID-19 Vaccines and Treatment," Public Citizen Global Trade Watch Series. March 1, 2021. Accessed Aug. 12, 2021. https://www.citizen.org/article/wto-required-monopolies-for-pharmaceutical-corporations-obstruct-global-production-of-covid-19-vaccines-and-treatments/ AT AND income countries’ populations could reduce global losses by $5.5 trillion. Poverty and disease are mutually reinforcing, causing staggering suffering and injustice.Hollis and Pogge ’08 - Aidan Hollis ~Associate Professor of Economics, the University of Calgary~ and Thomas Pogge ~Leitner Professor of Philosophy and International Affairs, Yale University~, "The Health Impact Fund Making New Medicines Accessible for All," Incentives for Global Health (2008) AT AND a crucial role in explaining the catastrophic health situation among the global poor. II. SolvencyPlan text: The member nations of the World Trade Organization ought to waive intellectual property protections for Covid-19 related medicines.Public Citizen 6/22 - Public Citizen et. al, "Please Speedily Secure Implementation of a COVID-19 Emergency Waiver of WTO TRIPS Rules for Vaccines, Tests and Treatments," Open Letter to President Joe Biden. June 22, 2021. https://www.citizenstrade.org/ctc/wp-content/uploads/2021/06/COVIDTRIPSWaiver'SignOnLtr2'062221.pdf~~#new'tab AT AND term impact on people’s health and the world’s health system would be unprecedented. A waiver would increase leverage over pharma and provide legal certainty needed to spur critical production.Stiglitz and Wallach 4/26 - Joseph E. Stiglitz and Lori Wallach ~Joseph E. Stiglitz, co-recipient of the 2001 Nobel Memorial Prize in Economics Sciences, teaches at Columbia University. Lori Wallach is the director of Public Citizen’s Global Trade Watch.~, "Opinion: Preserving intellectual property barriers to covid-19 vaccines is morally wrong and foolish," Washington Post (Web). April 26, 2021. Accessed Aug. 10, 2021. https://www.washingtonpost.com/opinions/2021/04/26/preserving-intellectual-property-barriers-covid-19-vaccines-is-morally-wrong-foolish/ AT AND the world, as well as diagnostic tests and vaccine supply chain products. Legal certainty unlocks global production.Public Citizen 3/29 - Public Citizen ~"Public Citizen is a nonprofit consumer advocacy organization that champions the public interest in the halls of power. We defend democracy, resist corporate power and work to ensure that government works for the people – not for big corporations. Founded in 1971, we now have 500,000 members and supporters throughout the country. We don’t participate in partisan political activities or endorse any candidates for elected office. We take no government or corporate money, which enables us to remain fiercely independent and call out bad actors – no matter who they are or how much power and money they have."~, "Waiver of the WTO’s Intellectual Property Rules: Facts vs. Common Myths," Public Citizen Global Trade Watch Series. March 29, 2021. Accessed Aug. 10, 2021. https://www.citizen.org/article/waiver-of-the-wtos-intellectual-property-rules-myths-vs-facts/ AT AND the platform that, for instance, the Johnson and Johnson vaccine uses. Manufacturing capacity is widespread around the world.Public Citizen 3/29 - Public Citizen ~"Public Citizen is a nonprofit consumer advocacy organization that champions the public interest in the halls of power. We defend democracy, resist corporate power and work to ensure that government works for the people – not for big corporations. Founded in 1971, we now have 500,000 members and supporters throughout the country. We don’t participate in partisan political activities or endorse any candidates for elected office. We take no government or corporate money, which enables us to remain fiercely independent and call out bad actors – no matter who they are or how much power and money they have."~, "Waiver of the WTO’s Intellectual Property Rules: Facts vs. Common Myths," Public Citizen Global Trade Watch Series. March 29, 2021. Accessed Aug. 10, 2021. https://www.citizen.org/article/waiver-of-the-wtos-intellectual-property-rules-myths-vs-facts/ AT AND the platform that, for instance, the Johnson and Johnson vaccine uses. III. FramingThe Aff challenges dehumanizing cultural frames that allow us to ignore human suffering. Recognition of common vulnerability is key to a politics that rejects violence, oppression, and indifference.Butler ’04 - Judith Butler ~Prof. of Rhetoric and Comparative Literature, University of California at Berkeley~, Precarious Life: The Powers of Mourning and Violence. New York: Verso (2006; First Published 2004). pp. 30-35 AT AND also, in the media, for the most part unmarkable and ungrievable. The Aff challenges the hegemonic ideology of the status quo by rejecting sacrificial rationalizations. That logic is the basis for colonialism, slavery, genocide, war, and global poverty.Santos 3 2003, Boaventura de Souza Santos is a Professor of Sociology at the University of Coimbra, "Collective Suicide?", Bad Subjects, Issue ~# 63 , http://www.ces.fe.uc.pt/opiniao/bss/072en.php AND machine of democracy and liberty turns into a machine of horror and destruction. Underview 1Only consequentialism explains degrees of wrongness—if I break a promise to meet up for lunch, that is not as bad as breaking a promise to take a dying person to the hospital. Only the consequences of breaking the promise explain why the second one is much worse than the first. Intuitions outweigh—they’re the foundational basis for any argument and theories that contradict our intuitions are most likely false even if we can’t deductively determine why.Scholarly discourse and engagement with politics is key to effective structural reform - critique is insufficient.Purdy ’20 - Jedediah S. Britton-Purdy et al, 20 - ("Building a Law-and-Political-Economy Framework: Beyond the Twentieth-Century Synthesis by Jedediah S. Britton-Purdy, David Singh Grewal, Amy Kapczynski, K. Sabeel Rahman :: SSRN," 3-2-2020, https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract'id=3547312)//ey/ AND we are lucky, help remake our polity in more deeply democratic ways. Reform makes revolution more likely. Rejecting it condescendingly asserts the possibility of radical change is better than the certainty of real improvement.Delgado ’87 - Delgado, Richard ~teaches civil rights and critical race theory at University of Alabama School of Law. He has written and co-authored numerous articles and books~, "The Ethereal Scholar: Does Critical Legal Studies Have What Minorities Want?", Harvard Civil Rights - Civil Liberties Law Review, 1987 AND whether total change, when it comes, will be what we want. | 9/19/21 |
Covid AC3Tournament: Jack HoweLong Beach | Round: Doubles | Opponent: Leonard Mokroski | Judge: idek I. Vaccine ApartheidA TRIPS waiver for covid vaccines will not pass in the squo. Baschauk 7/26Bryce Baschuk ~Reporter, Bloomberg Economics~, 21 - ("WTO Holiday From Vaccine Equity Talks Draws Calls for Action," Bloomberg, 7-26-2021, accessed 8-18-2021, https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2021-07-26/wto-s-holiday-from-vaccine-equity-talks-draws-calls-for-action)//ML AND ," said Thiru Balasubramaniam a managing director at Knowledge Ecology International in Europe. The only way to solve the pandemic is global vaccination, but current production is woefully short.Public Citizen 3/29 - Public Citizen ~"Public Citizen is a nonprofit consumer advocacy organization that champions the public interest in the halls of power. We defend democracy, resist corporate power and work to ensure that government works for the people – not for big corporations. Founded in 1971, we now have 500,000 members and supporters throughout the country. We don’t participate in partisan political activities or endorse any candidates for elected office. We take no government or corporate money, which enables us to remain fiercely independent and call out bad actors – no matter who they are or how much power and money they have."~, "Waiver of the WTO’s Intellectual Property Rules: Facts vs. Common Myths," Public Citizen Global Trade Watch Series. March 29, 2021. Accessed Aug. 10, 2021. https://www.citizen.org/article/waiver-of-the-wtos-intellectual-property-rules-myths-vs-facts/ AT AND must reverse it to speed the end of the COVID-19 pandemic. Changing IP laws is key to combatting global health inequality and vaccine apartheid. Rich countries hoard vaccine supply, which means donor models never solve and reinforce colonialism. Harman et al 6/21Sophie Harman ~professor of Politics and International Relations, Queen Mary University of London~, Parsa Erfani ~Fogarty Global Health Fellow at the University of Global Health Equity and a medical student at Harvard Medical School~, Tinashe Goronga ~Community Organiser Equal Health Global Campaign Against Racism at EqualHealth~, Jason Hickel, Michelle Morse, Eugene T Richardson 6/21 - ("Global vaccine equity demands reparative justice — not charity," BMJ Global Health, 6/21/2021, https://gh.bmj.com/content/6/6/e006504)//ML AND the COVID-19 pandemic can be a first step in this direction. Compulsory licensing is not sufficient – drug company resistance, IP thickets, and devolved decision-making.Stiglitz and Wallach 4/26 - Joseph E. Stiglitz and Lori Wallach ~Joseph E. Stiglitz, co-recipient of the 2001 Nobel Memorial Prize in Economics Sciences, teaches at Columbia University. Lori Wallach is the director of Public Citizen’s Global Trade Watch.~, "Opinion: Preserving intellectual property barriers to covid-19 vaccines is morally wrong and foolish," Washington Post (Web). April 26, 2021. Accessed Aug. 10, 2021. https://www.washingtonpost.com/opinions/2021/04/26/preserving-intellectual-property-barriers-covid-19-vaccines-is-morally-wrong-foolish/ AT AND medicines with complex global supply chains, such as covid-19 vaccines. Vaccine shortfall causes widespread death and poverty.Public Citizen 3/1 - Public Citizen ~"Public Citizen is a nonprofit consumer advocacy organization that champions the public interest in the halls of power. We defend democracy, resist corporate power and work to ensure that government works for the people – not for big corporations. Founded in 1971, we now have 500,000 members and supporters throughout the country. We don’t participate in partisan political activities or endorse any candidates for elected office. We take no government or corporate money, which enables us to remain fiercely independent and call out bad actors – no matter who they are or how much power and money they have."~, "Backgrounder: WTO-Required Monopolies for Pharmaceutical Corporations Obstruct Global Production of COVID-19 Vaccines and Treatment," Public Citizen Global Trade Watch Series. March 1, 2021. Accessed Aug. 12, 2021. https://www.citizen.org/article/wto-required-monopolies-for-pharmaceutical-corporations-obstruct-global-production-of-covid-19-vaccines-and-treatments/ AT AND income countries’ populations could reduce global losses by $5.5 trillion. Poverty and disease are mutually reinforcing, causing staggering suffering and injustice.Hollis and Pogge ’08 - Aidan Hollis ~Associate Professor of Economics, the University of Calgary~ and Thomas Pogge ~Leitner Professor of Philosophy and International Affairs, Yale University~, "The Health Impact Fund Making New Medicines Accessible for All," Incentives for Global Health (2008) AT AND a crucial role in explaining the catastrophic health situation among the global poor. II. SolvencyPlan text: The member nations of the World Trade Organization ought to waive intellectual property protections for Covid-19 related medicines.Public Citizen 6/22 - Public Citizen et. al, "Please Speedily Secure Implementation of a COVID-19 Emergency Waiver of WTO TRIPS Rules for Vaccines, Tests and Treatments," Open Letter to President Joe Biden. June 22, 2021. https://www.citizenstrade.org/ctc/wp-content/uploads/2021/06/COVIDTRIPSWaiver'SignOnLtr2'062221.pdf~~#new'tab AT AND term impact on people’s health and the world’s health system would be unprecedented. A waiver would increase leverage over pharma and provide legal certainty needed to spur critical production.Stiglitz and Wallach 4/26 - Joseph E. Stiglitz and Lori Wallach ~Joseph E. Stiglitz, co-recipient of the 2001 Nobel Memorial Prize in Economics Sciences, teaches at Columbia University. Lori Wallach is the director of Public Citizen’s Global Trade Watch.~, "Opinion: Preserving intellectual property barriers to covid-19 vaccines is morally wrong and foolish," Washington Post (Web). April 26, 2021. Accessed Aug. 10, 2021. https://www.washingtonpost.com/opinions/2021/04/26/preserving-intellectual-property-barriers-covid-19-vaccines-is-morally-wrong-foolish/ AT AND the world, as well as diagnostic tests and vaccine supply chain products. Legal certainty unlocks global production.Public Citizen 3/29 - Public Citizen ~"Public Citizen is a nonprofit consumer advocacy organization that champions the public interest in the halls of power. We defend democracy, resist corporate power and work to ensure that government works for the people – not for big corporations. Founded in 1971, we now have 500,000 members and supporters throughout the country. We don’t participate in partisan political activities or endorse any candidates for elected office. We take no government or corporate money, which enables us to remain fiercely independent and call out bad actors – no matter who they are or how much power and money they have."~, "Waiver of the WTO’s Intellectual Property Rules: Facts vs. Common Myths," Public Citizen Global Trade Watch Series. March 29, 2021. Accessed Aug. 10, 2021. https://www.citizen.org/article/waiver-of-the-wtos-intellectual-property-rules-myths-vs-facts/ AT AND the platform that, for instance, the Johnson and Johnson vaccine uses. Manufacturing capacity is widespread around the world.Public Citizen 3/29 - Public Citizen ~"Public Citizen is a nonprofit consumer advocacy organization that champions the public interest in the halls of power. We defend democracy, resist corporate power and work to ensure that government works for the people – not for big corporations. Founded in 1971, we now have 500,000 members and supporters throughout the country. We don’t participate in partisan political activities or endorse any candidates for elected office. We take no government or corporate money, which enables us to remain fiercely independent and call out bad actors – no matter who they are or how much power and money they have."~, "Waiver of the WTO’s Intellectual Property Rules: Facts vs. Common Myths," Public Citizen Global Trade Watch Series. March 29, 2021. Accessed Aug. 10, 2021. https://www.citizen.org/article/waiver-of-the-wtos-intellectual-property-rules-myths-vs-facts/ AT AND the platform that, for instance, the Johnson and Johnson vaccine uses. III. FramingThe Aff challenges dehumanizing cultural frames that allow us to ignore human suffering. Recognition of common vulnerability is key to a politics that rejects violence, oppression, and indifference.Butler ’04 - Judith Butler ~Prof. of Rhetoric and Comparative Literature, University of California at Berkeley~, Precarious Life: The Powers of Mourning and Violence. New York: Verso (2006; First Published 2004). pp. 30-35 AT AND also, in the media, for the most part unmarkable and ungrievable. The Aff challenges the hegemonic ideology of the status quo by rejecting sacrificial rationalizations. That logic is the basis for colonialism, slavery, genocide, war, and global poverty.Santos 3 2003, Boaventura de Souza Santos is a Professor of Sociology at the University of Coimbra, "Collective Suicide?", Bad Subjects, Issue ~# 63 , http://www.ces.fe.uc.pt/opiniao/bss/072en.php AND machine of democracy and liberty turns into a machine of horror and destruction. Underview 1Only consequentialism explains degrees of wrongness—if I break a promise to meet up for lunch, that is not as bad as breaking a promise to take a dying person to the hospital. Only the consequences of breaking the promise explain why the second one is much worse than the first. Intuitions outweigh—they’re the foundational basis for any argument and theories that contradict our intuitions are most likely false even if we can’t deductively determine why.Scholarly discourse and engagement with politics is key to effective structural reform - critique is insufficient.Purdy ’20 - Jedediah S. Britton-Purdy et al, 20 - ("Building a Law-and-Political-Economy Framework: Beyond the Twentieth-Century Synthesis by Jedediah S. Britton-Purdy, David Singh Grewal, Amy Kapczynski, K. Sabeel Rahman :: SSRN," 3-2-2020, https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract'id=3547312)//ey/ AND we are lucky, help remake our polity in more deeply democratic ways. Adopt a hybridizing strategy - exploiting contradictions in hegemonic discourse maintains critical distance while effectively challenging the state. Kapoor ‘08Kapoor, 2008 (Ilan, Associate Professor at the Faculty of Environmental Studies, York University, "The Postcolonial Politics of Development," p. 138-139) There are perhaps several other social movement campaigns that could be cited as examples of a ‘hybridizing strategy’.5 But what emerges as important from the Chipko and NBA campaigns is the way in which they treat laws and policies, institutional practices, and ideological apparatuses as deconstructible. That is, they refuse to take dominant authority at face value, and proceed to reveal its contingencies. Sometimes, they expose what the hegemon is trying to disavow or hide (exclusion of affected communities in project design and implementation, faulty information gathering and dissemination). Sometimes, they problematize dominant or naturalized truths (‘development unlimited economic growth = capitalism’, ‘big is better’, ‘technology can save the environment’). In either case, by contesting, publicizing, and politicizing accepted or hidden truths, they hybridize power, challenging its smugness and triumphalism, revealing its impurities. They show power to be, literally and figuratively, a bastard. While speaking truth to power, a hybridizing strategy also exploits the instabilities of power. In part, this involves showing up and taking advantage of the equivocations of power — conflicting laws, contradictory policies, unfulfilled promises. A lot has to do here with publicly shaming the hegemon, forcing it to remedy injustices and live up to stated commitments in a more accountable and transparent manner. And, in part, this involves nurturing or manipulating the splits and strains within institutions. Such maneuvering can take the form of cultivating allies, forging alliances, or throwing doubt on prevailing orthodoxy. Note, lastly, the way in which a hybridizing strategy works with the dominant discourse. This reflects the negotiative aspect of Bhabha’s performativity. The strategy may outwit the hegemon, but it does so from the interstices of the hegemony. The master may be paralyzed, but his paralysis is induced using his own poison/medicine. It is for this reason that cultivating allies in the adversarial camp is possible: when you speak their language and appeal to their own ethical horizons, you are building a modicum of common ground. It is for this reason also that the master cannot easily dismiss or crush you. Observing his rules and playing his game makes it difficult for him not to take you seriously or grant you a certain legitimacy. The use of non-violent tactics may be crucial in this regard: state repression is easily justified against violent adversaries, but it is vulnerable to public criticism when used against non-violence. Thus, the fact that Chipko and the NBA deployed civil disobedience — pioneered, it must be Reform makes revolution more likely. Rejecting it condescendingly asserts the possibility of radical change is better than the certainty of real improvement.==== AND whether total change, when it comes, will be what we want. | 10/11/21 |
WBFL ACTournament: WBFL | Round: 2 | Opponent: Brentwood AR | Judge: Darin Hwang Novice ACI affirm – Resolved: The member nations of the World Trade Organization ought to reduce intellectual property protections for medicines.Because the resolution asks what we ought to do, my value is Morality.The criterion for determining morality is minimizing suffering. No coherent theory of justice or morality can deny that suffering is morally bad. Each of us knows from our own experiences that suffering is a moral evil, and that other people experience suffering in the same way we do. Therefore, if we regard everyone’s pain as morally equal, we are obligated to minimize the amount of suffering people experience.Moreover, maximizing utility is the only way to affirm equal and unconditional human dignity.Cummiskey ’90 - David Cummiskey. ~Associate Philosophy Professor at Bates College~.Kantian Consequentialism. Ethics, Vol. 100, No. 3. 1990. http://www.jstor.org/stable/2381810. AND equal consideration suggests that one may have to sacrifice some to save many. Contention 1: Covid-19The only way to solve the pandemic is global vaccination, but current production is woefully short.Public Citizen 3/29 - Public Citizen ~"Public Citizen is a nonprofit consumer advocacy organization that champions the public interest in the halls of power. We defend democracy, resist corporate power and work to ensure that government works for the people – not for big corporations. Founded in 1971, we now have 500,000 members and supporters throughout the country. We don’t participate in partisan political activities or endorse any candidates for elected office. We take no government or corporate money, which enables us to remain fiercely independent and call out bad actors – no matter who they are or how much power and money they have."~, "Waiver of the WTO’s Intellectual Property Rules: Facts vs. Common Myths," Public Citizen Global Trade Watch Series. March 29, 2021. Accessed Aug. 10, 2021. https://www.citizen.org/article/waiver-of-the-wtos-intellectual-property-rules-myths-vs-facts/ AT AND must reverse it to speed the end of the COVID-19 pandemic. The vaccine shortfall causes widespread death and poverty.Public Citizen 3/1 - Public Citizen ~"Public Citizen is a nonprofit consumer advocacy organization that champions the public interest in the halls of power. We defend democracy, resist corporate power and work to ensure that government works for the people – not for big corporations. Founded in 1971, we now have 500,000 members and supporters throughout the country. We don’t participate in partisan political activities or endorse any candidates for elected office. We take no government or corporate money, which enables us to remain fiercely independent and call out bad actors – no matter who they are or how much power and money they have."~, "Backgrounder: WTO-Required Monopolies for Pharmaceutical Corporations Obstruct Global Production of COVID-19 Vaccines and Treatment," Public Citizen Global Trade Watch Series. March 1, 2021. Accessed Aug. 12, 2021. https://www.citizen.org/article/wto-required-monopolies-for-pharmaceutical-corporations-obstruct-global-production-of-covid-19-vaccines-and-treatments/ AT AND income countries’ populations could reduce global losses by $5.5 trillion. A waiver provides legal certainty that unlocks global production.Public Citizen 3/29 - Public Citizen ~"Public Citizen is a nonprofit consumer advocacy organization that champions the public interest in the halls of power. We defend democracy, resist corporate power and work to ensure that government works for the people – not for big corporations. Founded in 1971, we now have 500,000 members and supporters throughout the country. We don’t participate in partisan political activities or endorse any candidates for elected office. We take no government or corporate money, which enables us to remain fiercely independent and call out bad actors – no matter who they are or how much power and money they have."~, "Waiver of the WTO’s Intellectual Property Rules: Facts vs. Common Myths," Public Citizen Global Trade Watch Series. March 29, 2021. Accessed Aug. 10, 2021. https://www.citizen.org/article/waiver-of-the-wtos-intellectual-property-rules-myths-vs-facts/ AT AND the platform that, for instance, the Johnson and Johnson vaccine uses. Manufacturing capacity is widespread around the world.Public Citizen 3/29 - Public Citizen ~"Public Citizen is a nonprofit consumer advocacy organization that champions the public interest in the halls of power. We defend democracy, resist corporate power and work to ensure that government works for the people – not for big corporations. Founded in 1971, we now have 500,000 members and supporters throughout the country. We don’t participate in partisan political activities or endorse any candidates for elected office. We take no government or corporate money, which enables us to remain fiercely independent and call out bad actors – no matter who they are or how much power and money they have."~, "Waiver of the WTO’s Intellectual Property Rules: Facts vs. Common Myths," Public Citizen Global Trade Watch Series. March 29, 2021. Accessed Aug. 10, 2021. https://www.citizen.org/article/waiver-of-the-wtos-intellectual-property-rules-myths-vs-facts/ AT AND the platform that, for instance, the Johnson and Johnson vaccine uses. Contention II: InnovationLimiting IP protections increases the incentive to create new drugs.Light and Warburton ’11 - Donald W. Light ~Visiting professor at Stanford University and a professor of comparative health-care at the University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey. He is an economic and organizational sociologist who studies health care systems and pharmaceu- tical policy.~ and Rebecca Warburton ~associate professor and a health economist, specializing in the cost- benefit analysis of health-related public projects. Her current research primarily concerns assessing the validity of industry-sponsored estimates of the cost of drug development, and assessing the costs and effects of patient safety improvements. She has a PhD in economics from the University of London (1995), and an M.Sc. in economics from the London School of Economics (1980); School of Public Administration, University of Victoria, British Columbia~, "Demythologizing the high costs of pharmaceutical research BioSocieties (2011) 6, 34–50. doi:10.1057/biosoc.2010.40; published online 7 February 2011. JH AND reports and to be illogical as well (Light and Lexchin, 2005). IP stifles innovation by allowing firms to prevent new competition from entering the market, driving down the incentive for R and D.MSF ’17 – Médecins Sans Frontières ~Doctors Without Borders - Médecins Sans Frontières (MSF) is an international, independent, medical humanitarian organisation that delivers emergency aid to people affected by armed conflict, epidemics, healthcare exclusion and natural or man-made disasters.~, "A Fair Shot for Vaccine Affordability: Understanding and addressing the effects of patents on access to newer vaccines," September, 2017. Accessed Aug. 12, 2021. https://msfaccess.org/sites/default/files/2018-06/VAC'report'A20Fair20Shot20for20Vaccine20Affordability'ENG'2017.pdf AT AND the ability of potential competitor vaccine manufacturers to develop or sell competitor vaccines. Pharmaceutical innovation is key to protecting against future pandemics, bioterrorism, and antibiotic resistance.Marjanovic and Fejiao ‘20 Marjanovic, Sonja, and Carolina Feijao. Sonja Marjanovic, Ph.D., Judge Business School, University of Cambridge. Carolina Feijao, Ph.D. in biochemistry, University of Cambridge; M.Sc. in quantitive biology, Imperial College London; B.Sc. in biology, University of Lisbon. "Pharmaceutical Innovation for Infectious Disease Management: From Troubleshooting to Sustainable Models of Engagement." (2020). ~Quality Control~ AND health threats to an even greater extent under improved innova-tion conditions. Pandemics cause extinction – burnout wrongKerscher 14—Professor, unclear where because every website about him is in German AND which makes the possibility of global pandemic a realistic threat to human civilization. Bioterror causes extinctionFarmer 17 ("Bioterrorism could kill more people than nuclear war, Bill Gates to warn world leaders" http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2017/02/17/biological-terrorism-could-kill-people-nuclear-attacks-bill/) AND could save huge numbers of lives, scientists working at his foundation believe. Contention 3: Medicine PricesIP undermines competition and keeps medicine prices high.MSF ’17 – Médecins Sans Frontières ~Doctors Without Borders - Médecins Sans Frontières (MSF) is an international, independent, medical humanitarian organisation that delivers emergency aid to people affected by armed conflict, epidemics, healthcare exclusion and natural or man-made disasters.~, "A Fair Shot for Vaccine Affordability: Understanding and addressing the effects of patents on access to newer vaccines," September, 2017. Accessed Aug. 12, 2021. https://msfaccess.org/sites/default/files/2018-06/VAC'report'A20Fair20Shot20for20Vaccine20Affordability'ENG'2017.pdf AT AND technical know-how and an accurate assessment of the vaccine patent landscape. Poverty and disease are mutually reinforcing, causing staggering suffering and injustice.Hollis and Pogge ’08 - Aidan Hollis ~Associate Professor of Economics, the University of Calgary~ and Thomas Pogge ~Leitner Professor of Philosophy and International Affairs, Yale University~, "The Health Impact Fund Making New Medicines Accessible for All," Incentives for Global Health (2008) AT AND a crucial role in explaining the catastrophic health situation among the global poor. For these reasons, I urge an affirmative ballot. | 10/11/21 |
Open Source
| Filename | Date | Uploaded By | Delete |
|---|---|---|---|
9/18/21 | margalitsalkin25@marlboroughorg |
| |
9/19/21 | margalitsalkin25@marlboroughorg |
| |
10/11/21 | margalitsalkin25@marlboroughorg |
|