Livingston batra Neg
| Tournament | Round | Opponent | Judge | Cites | Round Report | Open Source | Edit/Delete |
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| ERHS | 3 | Eden Prarie SD | Ashley Chen |
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| Grapevine | 1 | Athenian EY | Clement Agho-Otoghile |
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| Grapevine | 3 | Lake Highland Prep AV | Jilson Carbajal |
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| Grapevine | Semis | Lake Highland Prep JE | Clement Agho-Otoghile, Sarah Botsch-McGuinn, Vandan Patel |
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| Harvard | 2 | Montville SH | Viren Abhyankar |
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| Holy Cross | 1 | Strake RC | Tiffany Dacheux |
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| Holy Cross | 4 | Russelville AG | Dominic Henderson |
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| Holy Cross | 5 | Strake HZ | Cyprian Dumas |
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| Jack Howe | 1 | Honor ML | Lisa Howard |
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| Jack Howe | 3 | Honor KH | Lena Ho |
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| Jack Howe | 5 | Honor RY | Chris Perez |
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| Jack Howe | Quarters | Marlborough YN | Amanda Ciocca, Anthony Kolshorn, Javier Hernandez |
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| Jack Howe | Finals | University HS Independent SC | Remington Roy, Luan Chuang, Manpreet Kaur |
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| Jean Ward | 2 | Lake Oswego Senior RL | Molly Bruins |
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| Jean Ward | 4 | Lake Oswego Senior LZ | Anola Stacy |
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| Kansas City | 2 | Hayden SM | Javier Hernandez |
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| Kansas City | 4 | Roeper RL | Lisa Willoughby |
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| Kansas City | 5 | Westford AW | Samuel Cade |
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| Kansas City | Octas | Stockdale RP | Panel |
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| Katy Taylor | 2 | WPC Ma | Shermine Liggons |
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| LD Septober Tournament | 2 | Chelmsford AF | Hassan Palanpurwala |
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| Newark CFL | 3 | Ridge RD | idr sorry |
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| North Allegheny | 1 | All | All |
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| Pennsbury | 2 | Oakton CS | Kumail Zaidi |
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| Pennsbury | 2 | Oakton CS | Kumail Zaidi |
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| Pennsbury | 4 | Fremont AK | Macharia Samuel |
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| Pennsbury | 5 | Lincoln East BH | Courtney Burke |
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| Pennsbury | Octas | Pennsbury GB | Panel |
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| Pennsbury | Quarters | Pennsbury EH | Panel |
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| Ridge | 4 | Lexington MS | Temitope Ogundare |
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| Ridge | 4 | Lexington MS | Temitope Ogundare |
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| Upper St Clair | 1 | All | All |
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| any | Finals | you | my dog |
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| ridge | 1 | Montville HB | Mitch Berry |
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| Tournament | Round | Report |
|---|---|---|
| ERHS | 3 | Opponent: Eden Prarie SD | Judge: Ashley Chen AC- Wages |
| Grapevine | 1 | Opponent: Athenian EY | Judge: Clement Agho-Otoghile AC- Healthcare Innovation |
| Grapevine | 3 | Opponent: Lake Highland Prep AV | Judge: Jilson Carbajal AC- Overall good Developing Countries |
| Grapevine | Semis | Opponent: Lake Highland Prep JE | Judge: Clement Agho-Otoghile, Sarah Botsch-McGuinn, Vandan Patel CITES BROKEN CHECK OS AC- TRIPs Plus |
| Harvard | 2 | Opponent: Montville SH | Judge: Viren Abhyankar AC- Megaconstellations |
| Holy Cross | 1 | Opponent: Strake RC | Judge: Tiffany Dacheux AC- Access Pandemics China |
| Holy Cross | 4 | Opponent: Russelville AG | Judge: Dominic Henderson AC- IDK |
| Holy Cross | 5 | Opponent: Strake HZ | Judge: Cyprian Dumas AC- Vaccine Diplo Pandemics Plan |
| Jack Howe | 1 | Opponent: Honor ML | Judge: Lisa Howard R1 |
| Jack Howe | 3 | Opponent: Honor KH | Judge: Lena Ho AC- Pandemics Poverty |
| Jack Howe | 5 | Opponent: Honor RY | Judge: Chris Perez 1AC- WTO Credibility Access Biopiracy |
| Jack Howe | Quarters | Opponent: Marlborough YN | Judge: Amanda Ciocca, Anthony Kolshorn, Javier Hernandez 1AC- Plan WTO Waiver Butler |
| Jack Howe | Finals | Opponent: University HS Independent SC | Judge: Remington Roy, Luan Chuang, Manpreet Kaur 1AC- Developing Countries Pandemics Internal Exhaustion |
| Jean Ward | 2 | Opponent: Lake Oswego Senior RL | Judge: Molly Bruins AC- Debris |
| Jean Ward | 4 | Opponent: Lake Oswego Senior LZ | Judge: Anola Stacy AC- Quakers |
| Kansas City | 2 | Opponent: Hayden SM | Judge: Javier Hernandez AC - Space Wars ILaw Debris Global South |
| Kansas City | 4 | Opponent: Roeper RL | Judge: Lisa Willoughby AC- Mining |
| Kansas City | 5 | Opponent: Westford AW | Judge: Samuel Cade AC- Debris and War |
| Kansas City | Octas | Opponent: Stockdale RP | Judge: Panel AC- MegaConstellations |
| Katy Taylor | 2 | Opponent: WPC Ma | Judge: Shermine Liggons AC- Strikes |
| LD Septober Tournament | 2 | Opponent: Chelmsford AF | Judge: Hassan Palanpurwala 1AC- Vaccines COVID |
| Newark CFL | 3 | Opponent: Ridge RD | Judge: idr sorry 1AC- DebrisIntl Cooperation |
| North Allegheny | 1 | Opponent: All | Judge: All Hey! NA was in person and I read the same neg every time with no collapse! It was a completely lay tourney |
| Pennsbury | 2 | Opponent: Oakton CS | Judge: Kumail Zaidi AC- Regulation |
| Pennsbury | 2 | Opponent: Oakton CS | Judge: Kumail Zaidi AC- Regulation |
| Pennsbury | 4 | Opponent: Fremont AK | Judge: Macharia Samuel AC- Mining Ozone Dev |
| Pennsbury | 5 | Opponent: Lincoln East BH | Judge: Courtney Burke AC- Mollow |
| Pennsbury | Octas | Opponent: Pennsbury GB | Judge: Panel AC- Rawls |
| Pennsbury | Quarters | Opponent: Pennsbury EH | Judge: Panel AC- Rawls |
| Ridge | 4 | Opponent: Lexington MS | Judge: Temitope Ogundare AC- Disability K |
| Ridge | 4 | Opponent: Lexington MS | Judge: Temitope Ogundare AC- Disability K |
| Upper St Clair | 1 | Opponent: All | Judge: All Hi! This tournament was in person and lay I read the same neg every time with no collapse which is OS here |
| ridge | 1 | Opponent: Montville HB | Judge: Mitch Berry 1AC- Unions |
To modify or delete round reports, edit the associated round.
Cites
| Entry | Date |
|---|---|
0 - CitesTournament: any | Round: Finals | Opponent: you | Judge: my dog | 2/19/22 |
0 - Contact InfoTournament: any | Round: Finals | Opponent: you | Judge: my dog Email: rainabatra@gmail.com | 2/19/22 |
0 - DebateDrillsTournament: any | Round: Finals | Opponent: you | Judge: my dog | 2/19/22 |
0 - NavigationTournament: any | Round: Finals | Opponent: you | Judge: my dog | 2/19/22 |
JANFEB - ADR PICTournament: Kansas City | Round: 5 | Opponent: Westford AW | Judge: Samuel Cade CPCP: The appropriation of outer space by private entities is unjust in all instances except Active Debris Removal.Governments ought to permit the appropriation of outer space for designated safety zones and tech stationing for active debris removal by private entities.Debris removal is necessary and only private entities have the incentive and capability to do it.Giordano 21 (David Giordano is the Vice President of Mentorship for CBLA. Elsewhere at Columbia Law School, he serves on the Columbia Journal of Transnational Law, and is the Treasurer of Columbia OutLaws. During his 1L Summer, David was an intern at the Securities and Exchange Commission’s Division of Corporation Finance. Prior to law school, David worked as a Corporate Paralegal at the New York office of Cleary Gottlieb Steen and Hamilton LLP. David attended The George Washington University where he obtained a B.A. in psychology. "Space Debris: Another Frontier in the Commercialization of Space". October 31, 2021.) AND frontier in the abdication of space from the public concern to the private. Appropriation means to take possessionDictionary ND, Dictionary.com, "appropriation", https://www.dictionary.com/browse/appropriation, DD AG Orbital Capture requires taking possession of space junkMathewson 21, Samathna Mathewson, May 16, 2021, Samantha Mathewson joined Space.com as an intern in the summer of 2016. She received a B.A. in Journalism and Environmental Science at the University of New Haven, in Connecticut. Previously, her work has been published in Nature World News. When not writing or reading about science, Samantha enjoys traveling to new places and taking photos! You can follow her on Twitter @Sam'Ashley13. "ESA partners with startup to launch first debris removal mission in 2025" https://www.space.com/esa-startup-clearspace-debris-removal-2025 Livingston RB AND collide with and cause damage to active satellites and spacecraft in their path. Even stopping new launches doesn’t solve, but a small reduction every year doesESA no date, European Space Agency, "Active debris removal" The European Space Agency (ESA) is Europe’s gateway to space. Its mission is to shape the development of Europe’s space capability and ensure that investment in space continues to deliver benefits to the citizens of Europe and the world. https://www.esa.int/Safety'Security/Space'Debris/Active'debris'removal Livingston RB AND (although the effectiveness of each removal decreases as more objects are removed). Their own ev says only we solve1~ Megaconstellations make management impossibleBoley/Byers, 5/20/2021 – University of British Columbia Professors AND to evaluating the effects of the construction and maintenance of any one constellation. | 2/14/22 |
JANFEB - ADR v2Tournament: Pennsbury | Round: 2 | Opponent: Oakton CS | Judge: Kumail Zaidi 1CP: The appropriation of outer space by private entities is unjust in all instances except Active Debris Removal.Governments ought to permit the appropriation of outer space for designated safety zones and tech stationing for active debris removal by private entities.Debris removal is necessary and only private entities have the incentive and capability to do it.Giordano 21 (David Giordano is the Vice President of Mentorship for CBLA. Elsewhere at Columbia Law School, he serves on the Columbia Journal of Transnational Law, and is the Treasurer of Columbia OutLaws. During his 1L Summer, David was an intern at the Securities and Exchange Commission’s Division of Corporation Finance. Prior to law school, David worked as a Corporate Paralegal at the New York office of Cleary Gottlieb Steen and Hamilton LLP. David attended The George Washington University where he obtained a B.A. in psychology. "Space Debris: Another Frontier in the Commercialization of Space". October 31, 2021.) AND frontier in the abdication of space from the public concern to the private. Removal works by taking debris and moving it, most likely into the earths atmosphere to disintegrate, like a tow truckSkibba 21, Ramin Skibba, 11.17.2021, Wired, "The US Space Force Wants to Clean Up Junk in Orbit," Wired, https://www.wired.com/story/the-us-space-force-wants-to-clean-up-junk-in-orbit/ Livingston RB AND because it will demonstrate the feasibility of the tow truck," she says. This is by far the best method we have now, and the soonest to be readyESA 19, European Space Agency, "ESA commissions world’s first space debris removal" The European Space Agency (ESA) is Europe’s gateway to space. Its mission is to shape the development of Europe’s space capability and ensure that investment in space continues to deliver benefits to the citizens of Europe and the world. https://www.esa.int/Safety'Security/Clean'Space/ESA'commissions'world's'first'space'debris'removal Livingston RB AND captures by follow-up missions – eventually including multi-object capture. Collisions in space are already causing issues with important satellitesJones 22, Andrew Jones, Andrew Jones covers China's space industry for SpaceNews. Andrew has previously lived in China and reported from major space conferences there. Based in Helsinki, Finland, he has written for National Geographic, New Scientist, Smithsonian Magazine, Sky and Telescope, IEEE Spectrum, and The Wire China AND of tracking it consistently, did not maintain it in the satellite catalog. Laundry list of impacts – compromised communication, loss of military capability and moreDivorsky 15 George Divorsky ~George P. Dvorsky (born May 11, 1970) is a Canadian bioethicist, transhumanist and futurist. He is a contributing editor at io9~1~ and producer of the Sentient Developments blog and podcast. He was Chair of the Board for the Institute for Ethics and Emerging Technologies (IEET)~2~~3~ and is the founder and chair of the IEET's Rights of Non-Human Persons Program~, 6-4-2015, "What Would Happen If All Our Satellites Were Suddenly Destroyed?," Gizmodo https://gizmodo.com/what-would-happen-if-all-our-satellites-were-suddenly-d-1709006681 DD AG AND but much of the data we’re currently tracking would suddenly become much spottier. Cascades and increases the effect exponentially+ increases the chance of warOrwig 16 ~(Jessica, MS in science and tech journalism from Texas AandM, BS in astronomy and physics from Ohio State) "Russia says a growing problem in space could be enough to spark a war," Insider,’ January 26, 2016, https://www.businessinsider.com/russia-says-space-junk-could-spark-war-2016-1~~ ~pT~ AND -catalogued objects will grow exponentially in mutual collisions," the researchers reported. Debris makes space unusableGarcia-Navarro 20, Lulu Garcia-Navarro, 9-27-2020, "Space Debris Buildup Could Threaten Satellites, Space Travel," NPR.org, https://www.npr.org/2020/09/27/917424830/space-debris-buildup-could-threaten-satellites-space-travel Livingston RB AND something the size of a grain of sand can destroy an entire spacecraft. | 2/18/22 |
JANFEB - ADR v2Tournament: Pennsbury | Round: 2 | Opponent: Oakton CS | Judge: Kumail Zaidi 1CP: The appropriation of outer space by private entities is unjust in all instances except Active Debris Removal.Governments ought to permit the appropriation of outer space for designated safety zones and tech stationing for active debris removal by private entities.Debris removal is necessary and only private entities have the incentive and capability to do it.Giordano 21 (David Giordano is the Vice President of Mentorship for CBLA. Elsewhere at Columbia Law School, he serves on the Columbia Journal of Transnational Law, and is the Treasurer of Columbia OutLaws. During his 1L Summer, David was an intern at the Securities and Exchange Commission’s Division of Corporation Finance. Prior to law school, David worked as a Corporate Paralegal at the New York office of Cleary Gottlieb Steen and Hamilton LLP. David attended The George Washington University where he obtained a B.A. in psychology. "Space Debris: Another Frontier in the Commercialization of Space". October 31, 2021.) AND frontier in the abdication of space from the public concern to the private. Removal works by taking debris and moving it, most likely into the earths atmosphere to disintegrate, like a tow truckSkibba 21, Ramin Skibba, 11.17.2021, Wired, "The US Space Force Wants to Clean Up Junk in Orbit," Wired, https://www.wired.com/story/the-us-space-force-wants-to-clean-up-junk-in-orbit/ Livingston RB AND because it will demonstrate the feasibility of the tow truck," she says. This is by far the best method we have now, and the soonest to be readyESA 19, European Space Agency, "ESA commissions world’s first space debris removal" The European Space Agency (ESA) is Europe’s gateway to space. Its mission is to shape the development of Europe’s space capability and ensure that investment in space continues to deliver benefits to the citizens of Europe and the world. https://www.esa.int/Safety'Security/Clean'Space/ESA'commissions'world's'first'space'debris'removal Livingston RB AND captures by follow-up missions – eventually including multi-object capture. Collisions in space are already causing issues with important satellitesJones 22, Andrew Jones, Andrew Jones covers China's space industry for SpaceNews. Andrew has previously lived in China and reported from major space conferences there. Based in Helsinki, Finland, he has written for National Geographic, New Scientist, Smithsonian Magazine, Sky and Telescope, IEEE Spectrum, and The Wire China AND of tracking it consistently, did not maintain it in the satellite catalog. Laundry list of impacts – compromised communication, loss of military capability and moreDivorsky 15 George Divorsky ~George P. Dvorsky (born May 11, 1970) is a Canadian bioethicist, transhumanist and futurist. He is a contributing editor at io9~1~ and producer of the Sentient Developments blog and podcast. He was Chair of the Board for the Institute for Ethics and Emerging Technologies (IEET)~2~~3~ and is the founder and chair of the IEET's Rights of Non-Human Persons Program~, 6-4-2015, "What Would Happen If All Our Satellites Were Suddenly Destroyed?," Gizmodo https://gizmodo.com/what-would-happen-if-all-our-satellites-were-suddenly-d-1709006681 DD AG AND but much of the data we’re currently tracking would suddenly become much spottier. Cascades and increases the effect exponentially+ increases the chance of warOrwig 16 ~(Jessica, MS in science and tech journalism from Texas AandM, BS in astronomy and physics from Ohio State) "Russia says a growing problem in space could be enough to spark a war," Insider,’ January 26, 2016, https://www.businessinsider.com/russia-says-space-junk-could-spark-war-2016-1~~ ~pT~ AND -catalogued objects will grow exponentially in mutual collisions," the researchers reported. Debris makes space unusableGarcia-Navarro 20, Lulu Garcia-Navarro, 9-27-2020, "Space Debris Buildup Could Threaten Satellites, Space Travel," NPR.org, https://www.npr.org/2020/09/27/917424830/space-debris-buildup-could-threaten-satellites-space-travel Livingston RB AND something the size of a grain of sand can destroy an entire spacecraft. | 2/18/22 |
JANFEB - Cyber DATournament: Kansas City | Round: Octas | Opponent: Stockdale RP | Judge: Panel Cyber-attacks on critical infrastructure are coming now.Underwood 20 ~Kimberly Underwood, 6-24-2020, "China is Retooling, and Russia Seeks Harm to Critical Infrastructure," SIGNAL Magazine, https://www.afcea.org/content/china-retooling-and-russia-seeks-harm-critical-infrastructure~~ ~pT~ AND , think about that buying kit and buying operations. That is significant." Mega constellations function as critical infrastructure that increase resiliency and protect against cyberattacks.Hallex and Cottom 20 ~Matthew A. Hallex is a Research Staff Member at the Institute for Defense Analyses. Travis S. Cottom is a Research Associate at the Institute for Defense Analyses. "Proliferated Commercial Satellite Constellations: Implications for National Security." 2020. https://ndupress.ndu.edu/Portals/68/Documents/jfq/jfq-97/jfq-97'20-29'Hallex-Cottom.pdf?ver=2020-03-31-130614-940~~ ~pT~ AND replace systems lost during a conflict in space would be readily available.31 Cyberattacks cause extinction – false warnings, stealing nukes, and introducing vulnerability.Moniz et al. 18 ~Ernest J. Moniz, Sam Nunn, and Des Browne, September 2018, "Nuclear Weapons in the New Cyber Age," https://media.nti.org/documents/Cyber'report'finalsmall.pdf~~ ~pT~ AND in traditionally survivable systems, such as submarines or mobile missile launchers.4 | 2/14/22 |
JANFEB - Horsetrading DATournament: Kansas City | Round: 5 | Opponent: Westford AW | Judge: Samuel Cade 2- Horsetrading DAThe plan requires clarifying international space law—-causes strategic bargaining to extract concessionsAlexander William Salter 16, Assistant Professor of Economics, Rawls College of Business, Texas Tech University, "SPACE DEBRIS: A LAW AND ECONOMICS ANALYSIS OF THE ORBITAL COMMONS", 19 STAN. TECH. L. REV. 221 (2016), https://law.stanford.edu/wp-content/uploads/2017/11/19-2-2-salter-final'0.pdf AND secure a global response to a global commons problem are potentially quite high. Russia uses negotiations to push the PPWT—-erodes US space dominance—-unilat solvesMichael Listner 18, JD, Regent University School of Law, the founder and principal of the legal and policy think-tank/consultation firm Space Law and Policy Solutions, Sept 17 2018, "The art of lawfare and the real war in outer space", The Space Review, www.thespacereview.com/article/3571/1 AND hot war from occurring without sacrificing the superiority it possesses in outer space. The PPWT prohibits space-based missile defenseJack M. Beard 16, Associate Professor of Law at the University of Nebraska College of Law, Feb 15 2016, "Soft Law ’s Failure on the Horizon: The International Code of Conduct for Outer Space Activities", University of Pennsylvania Journal of International Law, Vol. 38, No. 2, 2016, https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?referer=andhttpsredir=1andarticle=1086andcontext=spacelaw AND point conceded even by China with respect to its own proposed PPWT).315 Causes rogue state missile threats—-that escalatesPatrick M. Shanahan 19, Acting Secretary of Defense from January to June 2019, previously vice president and general manager of Boeing Missile Defense Systems, Jan 2019, "2019 MISSILE DEFENSE REVIEW", US Department of Defense, https://media.defense.gov/2019/Jan/17/2002080666/-1/-1/1/2019-MISSILE-DEFENSE-REVIEW.PDF AND .S. declaratory policy as re-affirmed in the 2018 NPR. | 2/14/22 |
JANFEB - India CPTournament: Kansas City | Round: 2 | Opponent: Hayden SM | Judge: Javier Hernandez CP: The UN ought to ban the private appropriation of space except for private entities registered within The Republic of India.The Republic of India should limit the Indian Space Research Organization’s market share to 7.5 | 2/14/22 |
JANFEB - Innov v2Tournament: Pennsbury | Round: 2 | Opponent: Oakton CS | Judge: Kumail Zaidi Private sector innovation in the commercial space industry is high now.Smith 18 ~Matthew Smith, 6-11-2018, "Commercialized Space and You," Science in the News, https://sitn.hms.harvard.edu/flash/2018/commercialized-space-and-you/~~//DDPT AND of 2018, the commercialized space industry shows no sign of slowing down. Private space appropriation is uniquely key to ensuring ongoing innovation towards space exploration and colonization.Cheng 20 ~Dean Cheng, 09-16-2020, "Outer Space and Private Property," Heritage Foundation, https://www.heritage.org/space-policy/commentary/outer-space-and-private-property~~//DDPT AND are not sure that they will be able to profit from their investments. The private sector is the key internal link to space exploration and colonization.Sharma 9/7 ~Maanas Sharma, 9-7-2021, "The Space Review: The privatized frontier: the ethical implications and role of private companies in space exploration," The Space Review, https://www.thespacereview.com/article/4238/1~~//DDPT AND more difficult, innovative projects which have transformative benefits for life on Earth. Space exploration solves extinction and endless resource wars.Collins 10 ~Patrick Collins, professor of economics at Azabu University in Japan, and a Collaborating Researcher with the Institute for Space and Astronautical Science, as well as adviser to a number of companies, Adriano V. Autino is President of the Space Renaissance International; Manager, CEO/CTO, Systems Engineering Consultant / Trainer at Andromeda Systems Engineering LLC; and Supplier of methodological tools and consultancy at Intermarine S.p.A, Acta Astronautica, Volume 66, Issues 11–12, June–July 2010, "What the growth of a space tourism industry could contribute to employment, economic growth, environmental protection, education, culture and world peace", Pages 1553–1562~ AND to be achievable only through the development of a vigorous space tourism industry. | 2/18/22 |
JANFEB - Innov v2Tournament: Pennsbury | Round: 2 | Opponent: Oakton CS | Judge: Kumail Zaidi Private sector innovation in the commercial space industry is high now.Smith 18 ~Matthew Smith, 6-11-2018, "Commercialized Space and You," Science in the News, https://sitn.hms.harvard.edu/flash/2018/commercialized-space-and-you/~~//DDPT AND of 2018, the commercialized space industry shows no sign of slowing down. Private space appropriation is uniquely key to ensuring ongoing innovation towards space exploration and colonization.Cheng 20 ~Dean Cheng, 09-16-2020, "Outer Space and Private Property," Heritage Foundation, https://www.heritage.org/space-policy/commentary/outer-space-and-private-property~~//DDPT AND are not sure that they will be able to profit from their investments. The private sector is the key internal link to space exploration and colonization.Sharma 9/7 ~Maanas Sharma, 9-7-2021, "The Space Review: The privatized frontier: the ethical implications and role of private companies in space exploration," The Space Review, https://www.thespacereview.com/article/4238/1~~//DDPT AND more difficult, innovative projects which have transformative benefits for life on Earth. Space exploration solves extinction and endless resource wars.Collins 10 ~Patrick Collins, professor of economics at Azabu University in Japan, and a Collaborating Researcher with the Institute for Space and Astronautical Science, as well as adviser to a number of companies, Adriano V. Autino is President of the Space Renaissance International; Manager, CEO/CTO, Systems Engineering Consultant / Trainer at Andromeda Systems Engineering LLC; and Supplier of methodological tools and consultancy at Intermarine S.p.A, Acta Astronautica, Volume 66, Issues 11–12, June–July 2010, "What the growth of a space tourism industry could contribute to employment, economic growth, environmental protection, education, culture and world peace", Pages 1553–1562~ AND to be achievable only through the development of a vigorous space tourism industry. | 2/18/22 |
JANFEB - InnovationTournament: Jean Ward | Round: 4 | Opponent: Lake Oswego Senior LZ | Judge: Anola Stacy 1NC –Innovation DA(revised)NASA is stepping down from spending on space – privatization is now k2 innovationCooper 15~science writer and contributer to Inside Science, Inside Science, "Space Privatization, Tourism And Morals", March 24, 2015, http://www.insidescience.org/content/space-privatization-tourism-and-morals/2701?utm'source=Folwd.com~~ DD MN AND to another star system or even constructing a space colony, said Impey. Innovation bolsters space exploration and research – prefer an empirical study of EuropeHufenbach 17~ESA Directorate of Human and Robotic Exploration, ESTEC, "Engaging the private sector in space exploration", 2017, https://room.eu.com/article/engaging-the-private-sector-in-space-exploration~~ DD MN AND stimulate research and development and integrate innovative solutions into ESA space exploration missions. Space is the sole solution to climate changeAutry 19~American space policy expert, educator, entrepreneur and author, Foreign Policy, "SPACE RESEARCH CAN SAVE THE PLANET—AGAIN", July 20, 2019, https://foreignpolicy.com/2019/07/20/space-research-can-save-the-planet-again-climate-change-environment/~~ DD MN AND , such as mining helium from the moon itself for future clean energy. Climate change risks ‘extinction 'domino effect’Flinders 18~public research university in Adelaide, South Australia, Flinders University, "Climate change risks 'extinction domino effect'", November 29, 2018, https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2018/11/181129122506.htm~~ DD MN AND compared to random extinctions or even from the stresses arising from nuclear winter. | 2/14/22 |
JANFEB - Investor Confidence DATournament: Kansas City | Round: 2 | Opponent: Hayden SM | Judge: Javier Hernandez Private appropriation for Indian private entities is key for investor confidence.Sen 20 ~Nilanjan Sen, who is an experienced lawyer, specialising in International Law and Arbitration, 07-26-2020,Business Insider,https://www.businessinsider.in/science/space/news/the-fault-in-our-stars-indias-bid-at-privatizing-space/articleshow/77182064.cms, 12-7-2021 amrita~ AND parties will have little to nil returns, far less any substantive protection. Investor confidence is necessary for strong Indian private space-tech—that spills over, boosts Indian military heg, and turns case.Prasad 16 ~Narayan Prasad has a Master of Space and Telecommunications Law, May 2016, National Academy of Legal Studies and Research University of Law Hyderabad, https://www.researchgate.net/publication/305402089'A'POLICY'REVIEW'TOWARDS'THE'DEVELOPMENT'OF'A'SPACE'INDUSTRY'ECOSYSTEM'IN'INDIA/link/578dbd2908ae5c86c9a65d05/download, 12-8-2021 amrita~ AND applications, complementing the societal benefits motivation currently being pursued by the government. Indian space military heg checks and limits Chinese heg in the Indo-Pacific.Bommakanti 7-15-20~Kartik Bommakanti is a Fellow with the Strategic Studies Programme. Kartik specialises in space military issues and his research is primarily centred on the Indo-Pacific region. He also works on emerging technologies as well as nuclear, conventional and sub-conventional coercion, particularly in the context of the Indian subcontinent and the role of great powers in the subcontinent’s strategic dynamics. He has published in peer reviewed journals., The enduring significance of space weapons for India, 7-15-2020,ORF,https://www.orfonline.org/expert-speak/the-enduring-significance-of-space-weapons-for-india/, 12-8-2021 amrita~ AND remains unduly restrained in the testing, integration and deployment of space weapons. China heg is revisionist and offensive— in the Indo-Pacific that causes draw-in.Brands 19 ~Hal Brands is the Henry A. Kissinger Distinguished Professor of Global Affairs at the Johns Hopkins School of Advanced International Studies, a senior fellow at the Center for Strategic and Budgetary Assessments. Zack Cooper is a research fellow at the American Enterprise Institute, an associate at Armitage International, and an adjunct assistant professor at Georgetown University, "After the Responsible Stakeholder, What? Debating America’s China Strategy." Texas National Security Review. Volume 2, Issue 2. February 2019k https://tnsr.org/2019/02/after-the-responsible-stakeholder-what-debating-americas-china-strategy-2/ 12-10-2021 amrita~ AND policymakers have come to see all three of these interests as being imperiled. That goes nuclear— extinction :/Hayes 18 ~Peter John Hayes is the Executive Director of the Nautilus Institute for Security and Sustainability, a non-governmental policy-oriented research and advocacy group. He graduated from the University of Melbourne with a degree in History, and from University of California, Berkeley with a Ph.D. in energy and resources. ~#gobears, Trump and the Interregnum of American Nuclear Hegemony, November 8, 2018. https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/25751654.2018.1532525 recut 12-10-2021 amrita~ AND second time, less so, the third time, the new normal. | 2/14/22 |
JANFEB - Locke FWTournament: Jean Ward | Round: 2 | Opponent: Lake Oswego Senior RL | Judge: Molly Bruins Framework- LockeThe value for this round ought to be justice, as the resolution asks us to evaluation the justness of an action.Human rights are a prerequisite to justice- if a government doesn’t recognize them, it cannot be just. This means that ignoring human rights is inherently unjust.Halpine 13, Remarks by WYA Founder Anna Halpine at Europe House, Zagreb, on the occasion of the official launch of the WYA Croatia National Committee, March 2013. "Foundations of Human Dignity" World Youth Allience https://www.wya.net/press-release/foundations-of-human-dignity/ Livingston RB AND that their citizens possess. States do not establish or bestow this dignity. The right to property is a human right according to international law, which is recognized by almost every state on earth and the United Nations, this means violating the right to property is violating human rights.Article 17 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, which is a piece of international law passed by the the UN, explicitly says property is a human right, saying quoteUN 1948, United Nations. (1948). Universal Declaration of Human Rights. https://www.un.org/sites/un2.un.org/files/udhr.pdf Livingston RB This means that failure to recognize property rights is inherently unjust, as human rights are a prerequisite to justice. Thus, our value criterion is protecting property rights. | 2/14/22 |
JANFEB - Locke OffenseTournament: Jean Ward | Round: 2 | Opponent: Lake Oswego Senior RL | Judge: Molly Bruins Contention 1 is private property in spacePrivate property rights exist in space because current international law only excludes national appropriationSimberg 12, Rand Simberg, "Property Rights in space" Fall 2012, New Atlantis, https://www.thenewatlantis.com/publications/property-rights-in-space Livingston RB Some parties to AND more pressing issues. AND as well as interest. These concepts do not necessarily prohibit private ownership. The Aff needs to prove that there is a distinction between earth and space that actually justifies stripping people of a fundamental human right, otherwise, there is no practical reason why something we consider a fundamental right on earth is unjust in space. Just because something is new and unknown doesn’t mean morality changes.Spotswood 19, Beth Spotswood, Beth Spotswood is Alta's digital editor, events manager, and a contributing writer. In addition to her work for Alta, Beth writes for the San Francisco Chronicle. 4-4-2019, "Ethics in Space, Morals on Earth," Alta Online, https://www.altaonline.com/dispatches/a5208/ethics-in-space-morals-on-earth/ Livingston RB AND we look to space, we want to play the role of the conscience Historically, we have seen that when you change property rights and our idea of them it leads to a violation and weakening of property rights, which is horrible for protecting property rights. This is seen in Kenya.Ensminger 97, Ensminger, Jean (1997) Changing Property Rights: Reconciling Formal and Informal Rights to Land in Africa. In: The Frontiers of The New Institutional Economics. Academic Press , San Diego, CA, pp. 165-196. ISBN 0122222407. https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20160315-111441599 Livingston RB AND members. But there were other mismatches between customary ststems and formal systems. | 2/14/22 |
JANFEB - Montral DATournament: Harvard | Round: 2 | Opponent: Montville SH | Judge: Viren Abhyankar Montreal Protocol DABroad legislation to protect the ozone layer further is triggered by increased rocket launches- stopping rocket launches would mean legislation never happensRoss and Vedda 18 Martin Ross and James Vedda. Martin Ross, Ph.D. planetary science from UCLA, senior project engineer in civil and commercial launch programs at the Aerospace Corporation; James Vedda, Ph.D. political science from the University of Florida, senior policy analyst at the Aerospace Corporation’s Center for Space Policy and Strategy. "Time To Clear The Air About Launch Pollution". SpaceNews. 7-3-2018. https://spacenews.com/op-ed-time-to-clear-the-air-about-launch-pollution/ AND life and extend the space industry’s progress made over the past six decades. Legislation is DESPERATELY needed because of new compounds found to harm the OZonePerkins 17, Sid Perkins, Sid is a freelance science journalist based in Crossville, Tennessee. He specializes in earth sciences and paleontology but often tackles topics such as astronomy, planetary sciences, materials sciences, and engineering. Sid has a bachelor’s degree in natural science from Christian Brothers College in Memphis, Tennessee; bachelor’s and master’s degrees in aeronautical engineering from the Air Force Institute of Technology in Ohio; and a master’s degree in journalism from the University of Missouri in Columbia. AND sort of information, Hossaini admits, is sadly lacking as of now. Regulation solves the aff and stops a MASS ExtinctionDove ND, Laurie L. Dove is an award-winning journalist who covers timely topics for HowStuffWorks. She is the author of six books and the former owner of a newspaper and magazine. When not reporting on the latest tech breakthrough, health advance or economic development, Dove is tracking down hidden history, science innovations and biologic discoveries. As the Honorable Laurie Dove, Mayor, she has brought multi-million-dollar improvements to the small Midwest town where she lives with her husband, five children and two Akitas. HowStuffWorks, xx-xx-xxxx, "What if the ozone layer disappeared?," https://science.howstuffworks.com/science-vs-myth/what-if/what-if-ozone-layer-disappeared.htm Livingston RB AND several decades, with a goal of eliminating their use completely later this century Regulation WORKS. It worked with the Montreal protocol before, and AMENDMENTS have been passedUN Environment 19, United Nations Environment Programme, 11-15-2019, "Thirty years on, what is the Montreal Protocol doing to protect the ozone?," UNEP, https://www.unep.org/news-and-stories/story/thirty-years-what-montreal-protocol-doing-protect-ozone Livingston RB AND a growing demand for cooling. How can the two needs be met? | 2/19/22 |
JANFEB - PropertyTournament: Kansas City | Round: 4 | Opponent: Roeper RL | Judge: Lisa Willoughby Private property rights exist in space because current international law only excludes national appropriationSimberg 12, Rand Simberg, "Property Rights in space" Fall 2012, New Atlantis, https://www.thenewatlantis.com/publications/property-rights-in-space Livingston RB AND potential obstacles to finding agreement on what they saw as more pressing issues. The Aff needs to prove that there is a distinction between earth and space that actually justifies stripping people of a fundamental human right, otherwise, there is no practical reason why something we consider a fundamental right on earth is unjust in space. Just because something is new and unknown doesn’t mean morality changes.Spotswood 19, Beth Spotswood, Beth Spotswood is Alta's digital editor, events manager, and a contributing writer. In addition to her work for Alta, Beth writes for the San Francisco Chronicle. 4-4-2019, "Ethics in Space, Morals on Earth," Alta Online, https://www.altaonline.com/dispatches/a5208/ethics-in-space-morals-on-earth/ Livingston RB AND we look to space, we want to play the role of the conscience Historically, we have seen that when you change property rights and our idea of them it leads to a violation and weakening of property rights, which is horrible for protecting property rights. This is seen in Kenya.Ensminger 97, Ensminger, Jean (1997) Changing Property Rights: Reconciling Formal and Informal Rights to Land in Africa. In: The Frontiers of The New Institutional Economics. Academic Press , San Diego, CA, pp. 165-196. ISBN 0122222407. https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20160315-111441599 Livingston RB AND members. But there were other mismatches between customary ststems and formal systems. | 2/14/22 |
JANFEB - RidersTournament: Newark CFL | Round: 3 | Opponent: Ridge RD | Judge: idr sorry 1The plan requires ~clarifying international space law/ amending the OST~—but that causes strategic bargaining to extract concessions.Salter 16 ~Alexander William Salter is an Assistant Professor of Economics at the Rawls College of Business at Texas Tech University, "SPACE DEBRIS: A LAW AND ECONOMICS ANALYSIS OF THE ORBITAL COMMONS", 19 STAN. TECH. L. REV. 221 (2016), https://law.stanford.edu/wp-content/uploads/2017/11/19-2-2-salter-final'0.pdf 12-24-2021 recut amrita~ AND secure a global response to a global commons problem are potentially quite high. Russia and China will absolutely use negotiations to push for the PPWT—that allows for US satellites to go kaput.Bowman + Thompson 3-31 ~Bradley Bowman is the senior director of the Center on Military and Political Power at the Foundation for Defense of Democracies, Jared Thompson is a U.S. Air Force major and visiting military analyst at the Foundation for Defense of Democracies, Russia and China Seek to Tie America’s Hands in Space, 03-31-2021,Foreign Policy,https://foreignpolicy.com/2021/03/31/russia-china-space-war-treaty-demilitarization-satellites/, 12-24-2021 amrita~ AND , Beijing and Moscow want the United States to trust but never verify. The PPWT prohibits space-based missile defenseJack M. Beard 16, Associate Professor of Law at the University of Nebraska College of Law, Feb 15 2016, "Soft Law ’s Failure on the Horizon: The International Code of Conduct for Outer Space Activities", University of Pennsylvania Journal of International Law, Vol. 38, No. 2, 2016, https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?referer=andhttpsredir=1andarticle=1086andcontext=spacelaw AND point conceded even by China with respect to its own proposed PPWT).315 Escalates—extinction.Shanahan 19~Patrick M. Shanahan is an Acting Secretary of Defense from January to June 2019, previously vice president and general manager of Boeing Missile Defense Systems, Jan 2019, "2019 MISSILE DEFENSE REVIEW", US Department of Defense, https://media.defense.gov/2019/Jan/17/2002080666/-1/-1/1/2019-MISSILE-DEFENSE-REVIEW.PDF~~ AND .S. declaratory policy as re-affirmed in the 2018 NPR. | 2/14/22 |
JANFEB - Security KTournament: Newark CFL | Round: 3 | Opponent: Ridge RD | Judge: idr sorry The affirmative offers a solution: implement ~insert aff plan~ to secure ~insert aff impact~. This is the wrong approach—we exist within a "control society," where power is exercised not through repression, but continuous control— frame this round as an interrogation of productivity and desire.Deleuze 92~Gilles Deleuze was a French philosopher who, from the early 1950s until his death in 1995, wrote on philosophy, literature, film, and fine art. His most popular works were the two volumes of Capitalism and Schizophrenia: Anti-Oedipus and A Thousand Plateaus, both co-written with psychoanalyst Félix Guattari, Postscript on the Societies of Control on JSTOR, Winter 1992,The MIT press,https://www.jstor.org/stable/778828?seq=1, 12-11-2021 amrita~ AND with erosions of frontiers but with the explosions within shanty towns or ghettos. Distinctions between the private and public sphere do not exist— the affirmative’s theorization of such is the latest tactic of control society to modulate the enunciation of behavior and subjectivity through fascist mechanisms.Hardt 98 ~Michael Hardt is an American political philosopher and literary theorist. Hardt is best known for his book Empire, which was co-written with Antonio Negri. It has been praised by Slavoj Žižek as the "Communist Manifesto of the 21st Century". He is currently a professor of literature at Duke University, The Global Society of Control on JSTOR, Fall 1998, Discourse Vol. 20, No. 3, Gilles Deleuze: A Reason to Believe in this World, https://www.jstor.org/stable/41389503, 12-14-2021 amrita~ AND empire is an u-topos , or rather a non-place. This may seem innocuous, but it creates a war on difference, a new totalitarian model that is premised upon reactive orientations to desire, leaving only a simulation of political participation creating fascism— that turns case.Karatzogianni and Robinson 13. ~Athina Karatzogianni is a Senior Lecturer in Media and Communication at the University of Leicester (UK), Andrew Robinson is an independent researcher and writer, "Schizorevolutions vs. Microfascisms: A Deleuzo-Nietzschean Perspective on State, Security, and Active/Reactive Networks," Selected Works, July 2013, http://works.bepress.com/athina' karatzogianni, 8-17-2019, amrita~ AND and deviance, which ‘returns’ as intractable social problems and inert effects. The ~insert aff plan~ is doomed to failure if it is tied to discussions of ~insert aff impact scenario~. Space has the radical potential to be different and you should affirm a subversion of their politic—no perms.Battaglia 12 ~Debbora Battaglia is a professor at Mount Holyoke College. "Arresting hospitality: the case of the 'handshake in space," The Journal of the Royal Anthropological Institute, Vol. 18, https://www.jstor.org/stable/41506671., 12-14-2021 amrita~ AND and securing the possibility of realizing in the future joint scientific experiments.29 | 2/14/22 |
JANFEB - SpaceColTournament: Pennsbury | Round: 4 | Opponent: Fremont AK | Judge: Macharia Samuel Private sector innovation in the commercial space industry is high now.Smith 18 ~Matthew Smith, 6-11-2018, "Commercialized Space and You," Science in the News, https://sitn.hms.harvard.edu/flash/2018/commercialized-space-and-you/~~//DDPT AND of 2018, the commercialized space industry shows no sign of slowing down. Private space appropriation is uniquely key to ensuring ongoing innovation towards space exploration and colonization.Cheng 20 ~Dean Cheng, 09-16-2020, "Outer Space and Private Property," Heritage Foundation, https://www.heritage.org/space-policy/commentary/outer-space-and-private-property~~//DDPT AND are not sure that they will be able to profit from their investments. The private sector is the key internal link to space exploration and colonization.Sharma 9/7 ~Maanas Sharma, 9-7-2021, "The Space Review: The privatized frontier: the ethical implications and role of private companies in space exploration," The Space Review, https://www.thespacereview.com/article/4238/1~~//DDPT AND to be achievable only through the development of a vigorous space tourism industry. | 2/18/22 |
JANFEB - SpaceCol DATournament: Kansas City | Round: Octas | Opponent: Stockdale RP | Judge: Panel Space colonization only happens because of market demand from Starship – and our ev indicates the field is booming but on the brinkMaidenberg, 21, 12/28/21, WSJ, "SpaceX’s Future Depends on a Gigantic Rocket and 42,000 Internet Satellites", He reports on longtime and newer space companies, as well as issues tied to the safe operation of commercial planes and other aircraft. As part of his work, he focuses on government agencies such as the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) and the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA). Prior to his current role, Micah worked as a breaking news reporter for the Journal and the Dow Jones Newswires. He began writing about business and economic issues for Crain’s Chicago Business, where he reported on real estate, manufacturing and transportation beats. He also completed an investigative-reporting fellowship at the Columbia University School of Journalism, where he earned a Master's degree. URL: https://www.wsj.com/articles/spacexs-future-depends-on-a-gigantic-rocket-and-42-000-internet-satellites-11640687404, KR AND is much larger than the size of the launch market, investors say. Specifically, Starship from spaceX is the most prominent solutionO’Callaghan, 21, 12/7/21, MIT Review, "How SpaceX’s massive Starship rocket might unlock the solar system—and beyond", Jonathan O'Callaghan is a freelance space journalist based in London, UK who covers commercial spaceflight, astrophysics, and space exploration. URL: https://www.technologyreview.com/2021/12/07/1041420/spacex-starship-rocket-solar-system-exploration/, KR AND moon and Mars as refueling stations, an ambitious future envisioned by Musk. Space exploration solves extinction and endless resource wars.Collins 10 ~Patrick Collins, professor of economics at Azabu University in Japan, and a Collaborating Researcher with the Institute for Space and Astronautical Science, as well as adviser to a number of companies, Adriano V. Autino is President of the Space Renaissance International; Manager, CEO/CTO, Systems Engineering Consultant / Trainer at Andromeda Systems Engineering LLC; and Supplier of methodological tools and consultancy at Intermarine S.p.A, Acta Astronautica, Volume 66, Issues 11–12, June–July 2010, "What the growth of a space tourism industry could contribute to employment, economic growth, environmental protection, education, culture and world peace", Pages 1553–1562~ AND to be achievable only through the development of a vigorous space tourism industry. | 2/14/22 |
JANFEB - T AppropriationTournament: Kansas City | Round: Octas | Opponent: Stockdale RP | Judge: Panel Interpretation- The affirmative may only defend the removal of space assets that require appropriation."Appropriation" means to take as propertyLeon 18 (Amanda M., Associate, Caplin and Drysdale, JD UVA Law) "Mining for Meaning: An Examination of the Legality of Property Rights in Space Resources." Virginia Law Review, vol. 104, no. 3, May 2018, p. 497-547. HeinOnline. AND though, by expanding the prohibition to other types not explicitly described.168 ‘Of’ implies we should consider appropriation as a wholeViolation- Satellites do not Prefer our application. Legal precedent has an intent to define a distinction between exclusive use and Appropriation. Satellites are notUCOSTA 86 (U.S. Congress, Office of Technology Assessment "Space Stations and the Law: Selected Legal Issues — Background Paper" (1986). Documents on Outer Space Law. 12) AND with "due regard" for the corresponding interests of other states. 15 Standards1~ Limits – they can spec infinite different types of appropriation like space mining, satellite orbit types, colonization, etc. This takes out functional limits – it’s impossible for me to research every possible combination of entities, governments, and appropriation.2~ TVA solves – just read your aff as an advantage to a whole rez aff – we don’t stop them from reading new FWs, mechanisms or advantages. PICs aren’t aff offense – a~ it’s ridiculous to say that neg potential abuse justifies the aff being non-T b~ There’s only a small number of pics on this topic c~ PICs incentivize them to write better affs that can generate solvency deficits to PICsD~ Voter:Fairness and education are voters – debate’s a game that needs rules to evaluate it and education gives us portable skills for life like research and thinking.Precision o/w – anything else justifies the aff arbitrarily jettisoning words in the resolution at their whim which decks negative ground and preparation because the aff is no longer bounded by the resolution.Drop the debater – a) they have a 7-6 rebuttal advantage and the 2ar to make args I can’t respond to, b) it deters future abuse and sets a positive norm.Use competing interps – a) reasonability invites arbitrary judge intervention since we don’t know your bs meter, b) collapses to competing interps – we justify 2 brightlines under an offense defense paradigm just like 2 interps.No RVIs – a) illogical – you shouldn’t win for being fair – it’s a litmus test for engaging in substance, b) norming – I can’t concede the counterinterp if I realize I’m wrong which forces me to argue for bad norms, c) chilling effect – forces you to split your 2AR so you can’t collapse and misconstrue the 2NR, d) topic ed – prevents 1AR blipstorm scripts and allows us to get back to substance after resolving theoryEvaluate T before 1AR theory – a) norms – we only have a couple months to set T norms but can set 1AR theory norms anytime, b) magnitude – T affects a larger portion of the debate since the aff advocacy determines every speech after itNo impact turns to T—T is a procedural that determines case’s validity and every argument says the aff is bad | 2/14/22 |
NOVDEC - PandemicsTournament: ERHS | Round: 3 | Opponent: Eden Prarie SD | Judge: Ashley Chen 1NC – Pandemics DANurse strikes devastates hospitalsWright 10 Sarah H. Wright July 2010 "Evidence on the Effects of Nurses' Strikes" https://www.nber.org/digest/jul10/evidence-effects-nurses-strikes (Researcher at National Bureau of Economic Research) AND nursing were more likely to fare worse in the presence of nurses' strikes. Hospitals are the critical internal link for pandemic preparedness.Al Thobaity 20, Abdullelah, and Farhan Alshammari. "Nurses on the frontline against the COVID-19 pandemic: an Integrative review." Dubai Medical Journal 3.3 (2020): 87-92. (Associate Professor of Nursing at Taif University) AND disaster, responsible people will do all but the impossible to save lives. | 12/11/21 |
NOVDEC - T-FWTournament: Ridge | Round: 4 | Opponent: Lexington MS | Judge: Temitope Ogundare T-FWInterpretation: The affirmative should defend the hypothetical implementation of the resolutionResolved means a legislative policyWords and Phrases 64 Words and Phrases Permanent Edition. "Resolved". 1964. ED AND ," which is defined by Bouvier as meaning "to establish by law". They violate—they don’t defend the resolution enacted in lawStandards:1~ Competitive equity – 3 warrants:A~ Ground: they get to pick the topic ex post facto which incentivizes vague argumentation that’s not grounded in a consistent, stable mechanism – they’re playing dodgeball with hand grenades – caselists are concessionary, unpredictable, beaten by perms, and don’t justify their model.B~ Limits: their model has no resolutional bound and creates the possibility for literally an infinite number of 1ACs. Not debating the topic allows someone to specialize in one area of the library for 4 years giving them a huge edge over people who switch research focus ever 2 months. Cutting negs to every possible aff is a commitment even large squads can’t handle, let alone small schools like us. Counter-interpretations are arbitrary, unpredictable, and don’t solve the world of neg prep because there’s no grounding in the resolutionC~ Causality: debating the resolution forces the affirmative to defend a cause and effect relationship, the state doing x results in y. Non topical affs establish their own barometer "I think x is good for me" that aren’t negatable – that independently decks clash cuz there’s no way for me to engage with the affirmative.D~ Fairness is an impact – ~1~ it’s an intrinsic good – some level of competitive equity is necessary to sustain the activity – if it didn’t exist, then there wouldn’t be value to the game since judges could literally vote whatever way they wanted regardless of the competing arguments made ~2~ probability – your ballot can’t solve their impacts but it can solve mine – debate can’t alter subjectivity, but can rectify skews ~3~ internal link turns every impact – a limited topic promotes in-depth research and engagement which is necessary to access all of their education ~4~ comes before substance – deciding any other argument in this debate cannot be disentangled from our inability to prepare for it – any argument you think they’re winning is a link, not a reason to vote for them, since it’s just as likely that they’re winning it because we weren’t able to effectively prepare to defeat it. This means they don’t get to weigh the aff.2~ Switch-side debate –A~ the reason debate is a unique process is because it demands rigorous testing of advocacy skills through not getting to pick and choose what to defend – it’s the only plausible explanation for the form of the activity – it also solves their offense.Poscher 16 Ralf Poscher, Diat the Institute for Staatswissenschaft and Philosophy of Law at the University of Freiburg "Why We Argue About the Law: An Agonistic Account of Legal Disagreement", Metaphilosophy of Law, Tomasz Gizbert-Studnicki/Adam Dyrda/Pawel Banas (eds.), Hart Publishing. 2016. AND concept of justice to art such as to engage in an intelligible controversy. B~ Vote negative – A~ this procedurally evaluates whether their model is good, which is a prior question B~ they can’t get offense: we don’t exclude them, only persuade you that our methodology is best. Every debate requires a winner and loser, so voting negative doesn’t reject them from debate, it just says they should make a better argument next time.3~ Skills – multiple warrantsA~ Argument Refinement and research – forcing them to defend the resolution makes them have to cut new positions every two months and forces them to explore the depths of the literature as opposed to just recycling the same set of non T affs over and over that lead repetitive and stale debates – they reject argument innovation and force every non t debate into either k vs t or k v k.B~ Education is an impact – it’s the only reason schools fund debate | 12/11/21 |
NOVDEC - T-FWTournament: Ridge | Round: 4 | Opponent: Lexington MS | Judge: Temitope Ogundare T-FWInterpretation: The affirmative should defend the hypothetical implementation of the resolutionResolved means a legislative policyWords and Phrases 64 Words and Phrases Permanent Edition. "Resolved". 1964. ED AND ," which is defined by Bouvier as meaning "to establish by law". They violate—they don’t defend the resolution enacted in lawStandards:1~ Competitive equity – 3 warrants:A~ Ground: they get to pick the topic ex post facto which incentivizes vague argumentation that’s not grounded in a consistent, stable mechanism – they’re playing dodgeball with hand grenades – caselists are concessionary, unpredictable, beaten by perms, and don’t justify their model.B~ Limits: their model has no resolutional bound and creates the possibility for literally an infinite number of 1ACs. Not debating the topic allows someone to specialize in one area of the library for 4 years giving them a huge edge over people who switch research focus ever 2 months. Cutting negs to every possible aff is a commitment even large squads can’t handle, let alone small schools like us. Counter-interpretations are arbitrary, unpredictable, and don’t solve the world of neg prep because there’s no grounding in the resolutionC~ Causality: debating the resolution forces the affirmative to defend a cause and effect relationship, the state doing x results in y. Non topical affs establish their own barometer "I think x is good for me" that aren’t negatable – that independently decks clash cuz there’s no way for me to engage with the affirmative.D~ Fairness is an impact – ~1~ it’s an intrinsic good – some level of competitive equity is necessary to sustain the activity – if it didn’t exist, then there wouldn’t be value to the game since judges could literally vote whatever way they wanted regardless of the competing arguments made ~2~ probability – your ballot can’t solve their impacts but it can solve mine – debate can’t alter subjectivity, but can rectify skews ~3~ internal link turns every impact – a limited topic promotes in-depth research and engagement which is necessary to access all of their education ~4~ comes before substance – deciding any other argument in this debate cannot be disentangled from our inability to prepare for it – any argument you think they’re winning is a link, not a reason to vote for them, since it’s just as likely that they’re winning it because we weren’t able to effectively prepare to defeat it. This means they don’t get to weigh the aff.2~ Switch-side debate –A~ the reason debate is a unique process is because it demands rigorous testing of advocacy skills through not getting to pick and choose what to defend – it’s the only plausible explanation for the form of the activity – it also solves their offense.Poscher 16 Ralf Poscher, Diat the Institute for Staatswissenschaft and Philosophy of Law at the University of Freiburg "Why We Argue About the Law: An Agonistic Account of Legal Disagreement", Metaphilosophy of Law, Tomasz Gizbert-Studnicki/Adam Dyrda/Pawel Banas (eds.), Hart Publishing. 2016. AND concept of justice to art such as to engage in an intelligible controversy. B~ Vote negative – A~ this procedurally evaluates whether their model is good, which is a prior question B~ they can’t get offense: we don’t exclude them, only persuade you that our methodology is best. Every debate requires a winner and loser, so voting negative doesn’t reject them from debate, it just says they should make a better argument next time.3~ Skills – multiple warrantsA~ Argument Refinement and research – forcing them to defend the resolution makes them have to cut new positions every two months and forces them to explore the depths of the literature as opposed to just recycling the same set of non T affs over and over that lead repetitive and stale debates – they reject argument innovation and force every non t debate into either k vs t or k v k.B~ Education is an impact – it’s the only reason schools fund debate | 12/11/21 |
NOVDEC- Cap KTournament: Katy Taylor | Round: 2 | Opponent: WPC Ma | Judge: Shermine Liggons 1NCOur thesis is that the collapse of capitalism is inevitable, it is a question of now or later: you should frame your decision through an anti-capitalist lens by centering the valorization of productivity that aff’s logic is founded upon.Kuang 20 ~Da Kuang and Changyi Huang are professors at the Huazhong University of Science and Technology, College of Marxism in Wuhan 430074, China. A Study of Marx’s Thought on the Speed of Capital Accumulation, Presented at the 2020 International Conference on Social Science, Economics and Education Research (SSEER 2020), Atlantic Press: Advances in Social Science, Education and Humanities Research Volume 455, 8-22-21, amrita~ AND accumulation. The ultimate fate of capitalism is to be replaced by socialism. The aff’s insidious attempts to replace welfare with wage labor reinforces the idealization and social control of "work ethic". Myths of work allow governments to blame systemic poverty on the behavior of the poor. Valorization of work and notions that you can resist via unionization deflates proletariat unity by turning workers against non-workers.Frayne 15 Frayne, David. The Refusal of Work: The Theory and Practice of Resistance to Work . Zed Books, London (2015); 98-105; CE recut amrita AND foster an open-minded and intelligent debate on the future of work. Rights based frameworks that posit unionization as the end all to all problems are part of the problem—consumption and work fuel each other cyclically. The proletariat must refuse the demand of work to refuse the demand of consumption.Lafargue 83 ~Lafargue, Paul. The Right To Be Lazy. Charles Kerr and Co., Illinois (1883); Retrieved on March 23, 2010 from www.marxists.org; https://theanarchistlibrary.org/library/paul-lafargue-the-right-to-be-lazy amrita~ AND , which he practices in a sitting posture, smoking his pipe nonchalantly. But capitalism can’t be saved. The short-term rejuvenation simply pushes back the long-term inevitable collapse which dooms us to death by climate change before the revolution can happen- O/W climate change contentionsFoster 18 ~John Bellamy Foster, John Bellamy Foster is a professor of sociology at the University of Oregon and also editor of Monthly Review. He writes about political economy of capitalism and economic crisis, ecology and ecological crisis, and Marxist theory. "Making War on the Planet." Monthly Review. September 1, 2018. https://monthlyreview.org/2018/09/01/making-war-on-the-planet/ recut 8-22-2021 amrita~ AND regime of accumulation has the sole objective of keeping the status quo intact— Endorse a dictatorship of the proletariat. Global capitalism’s inequities can only be fully purged once its intrinsic contradictions expose themselves and allow for the collapse of the bourgeoisie state. A dictatorship is required to solidify our transition to communism and is why you should reject any perm that attempts to preserve the state apparatus.Revolution 73 Proletarian Dictatorship Vs. Bourgeois "Democracy"; Encyclopedia of Anti-Revisionism On-Line; Revolution; May 1973; Edited by Paul Saba; https://www.marxists.org/history/erol/ncm-1/pd-v-bd.htm; CE recut amrita AND the transition to the abolition of classes and to a classless society. " | 2/13/22 |
NOVDEC- UnemploymentTournament: Katy Taylor | Round: 2 | Opponent: WPC Ma | Judge: Shermine Liggons Unions increase unemployment—turns the affBurks 02 Marie Bussing-Burks, D.A., Assistant Professor, Economics and Marketing at the University of Southern India, College of Business, 12-1-2002, "Whose Employment is Affected by Unions?," NBER, https://www.nber.org/digest/dec02/whose-employment-affected-unions EH AND wage floors find work in an unregulated work field or in the public sector | 2/13/22 |
SEPTOCT - Abolish WTO CPTournament: Jack Howe | Round: Quarters | Opponent: Marlborough YN | Judge: Amanda Ciocca, Anthony Kolshorn, Javier Hernandez The World Trade Organization ought to be abolished.The following 164 countries listed in the speech doc ought to independently ~PLAN~Josh Hawley 20. Senator from Missouri, JD @ Yale, "The W AND leading institutions, the World Trade Organization. Solves the case—-abolition allows free trade and permits nations govern without the pitfalls of the WTOJosh Hawley 20. Senator from Missouri, JD @ Yale, "The W.T.O. Should Be Abolished," New York Times, May 5, 2020, https://www.nytimes.com/2020/05/05/opinion/hawley-abolish-wto-china.html, RJP, DebateDrills AND a new network of trusted friends and partners to resist Chinese economic imperialism. | 9/23/21 |
SEPTOCT - Abolish WTO CP CompetesTournament: Jack Howe | Round: Quarters | Opponent: Marlborough YN | Judge: Amanda Ciocca, Anthony Kolshorn, Javier Hernandez Counterplan competes —-1~ Normal means—-it’s a TRIPs waiver, which doesn’t make sense if TRIPs and the WTO doesn’t existJames Bacchus 20. AND the WTO needs is another debate over perceived trade obstacles to public health. 2~ "Member" is defined as part of a group—-the counterplan abolishes the broader groupMerriam Webster n.d. "Member," https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/member, RJP, DebateDrills
3~ "Member of" means "to be contained in" "to be included in" and "be part of" —- none of those are possible if the broader group is gone. | 9/23/21 |
SEPTOCT - Africa Innovation DATournament: Grapevine | Round: 1 | Opponent: Athenian EY | Judge: Clement Agho-Otoghile 1NC – Innovation DAInnovation is steady now – COVID uplifted the market just enough to keep collaboration going.IP 20 ~Idea Pharma, 4-6-2020, "These pharmaceutical companies are the top inventors and innovators," Fortune, https://fortune.com/2020/04/06/top-pharmaceutical-companies-innovation-invention-2020/~~ DD PT AND the blockbuster drug Soliris, and the emergence of its successor, Ultomiris. IP protections for medicines are necessary for innovation in the field of pharmaceuticals.Wilbur 19 ~Tom Wilbur, 4-16-2019, "IP Explained: Why patents are so critical to biopharmaceutical innovation," PhRMA, https://catalyst.phrma.org/ip-explained-why-patents-are-so-critical-to-biopharmaceutical-innovation~~ DD PT AND and technological breakthroughs as they develop new medicines that improve and save lives. African pharmaceutical industries are still underdeveloped, but investment is growing. Any assistance for the African pharmaceutical industry is good.Idris 20 ~Abubakar Idris, 16-03-2020, "Investor interest in Africa’s innovative pharma business is growing," TechCabal, https://techcabal.com/2020/03/16/lifestores-seed-funding/~~ DD PT AND are exciting activities in the pharma market and could fuel more investor interests. The only way that we can ensure that we can counter highly deadly pandemics is through pharmaceutical drug development and innovation.Madhav et al 17 ~Madhav N, Oppenheim B, Gallivan M, et al. Pandemics: Risks, Impacts, and Mitigation. In: Jamison DT, Gelband H, Horton S, et al., editors. Disease Control Priorities: Improving Health and Reducing Poverty. 3rd edition. Washington (DC): The International Bank for Reconstruction and Development / The World Bank; 2017 Nov 27. Chapter 17. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK525302/ doi: 10.1596/978-1-4648-0527-1'ch17~ DD PT AND to improve the vaccine development pipeline are underway (box 17.3). Future pandemics are going to cause extinction – gut micro bacteria will mutate into deadly diseases which would threaten humanity.Diamandis 21 ~Diamandis, E. The Mother of All Battles: Viruses vs. Humans. Can Humans Avoid Extinction in 50-100 Years?. Preprints 2021, 2021040397~ DD PT AND scenarios will trigger preventative measures that could reverse or delay the projected adverse outcomes | 9/18/21 |
SEPTOCT - African Trade DATournament: Jack Howe | Round: Quarters | Opponent: Marlborough YN | Judge: Amanda Ciocca, Anthony Kolshorn, Javier Hernandez 1NC – African TradeRTAs now, but weak WTO key —- they’re proliferating due to frustration with WTO ineffectivenessShongwe 17 AND This trend has led to the formation of more RTAs around the world. Regionalism is key to African trade and development —- global arrangements don’t allow for African integration —- that’s key to economic developmentOwoeye 16 to be removed and there should be improved public investment in infrastructure.116 Sustained African trade solves a myriad of impacts —- economic growth, human rights, drug access, development, and competitiveness —- regionalism is keyOwoeye 16 AND also be relevant in solving some of Africa’s most pressing socio-economic problems Development k2 African stabilityODNI 17 AND civil society, and the spread of democratic institutions—suggests upside potential. Goes nuclearGlick, Middle East fellow at the Center for Security Policy, ‘7 AND regional, and indeed global conflagrations between competing regional actors and global powers. | 9/23/21 |
SEPTOCT - China Pt1Tournament: Grapevine | Round: Semis | Opponent: Lake Highland Prep JE | Judge: Clement Agho-Otoghile, Sarah Botsch-McGuinn, Vandan Patel 1NC Impact – ChinaThat gets litigated through the DSB, which we fiat finding against the United States. The DSB is underutilized currently but using it for major dispute settlement shores it up—-that’s key to combat Chinese IP violations.James Bacchus 18. Member of the Herbert A. Stiefel Center for Trade Policy Studies, the Distinguished University Professor of Global Affairs and director of the Center for Global Economic and Environmental Opportunity at the University of Central Florida. He was a founding judge and was twice the chairman—the chief judge—of the highest court of world trade, the Appellate Body of the World Trade Organization in Geneva, Switzerland. "How the World Trade Organization Can Curb China’s Intellectual Property Transgressions," CATO, March 22, 2018, https://www.cato.org/blog/how-world-trade-organization-can-curb-chinas-intellectual-property-transgressions, RJP, DebateDrills. AND and reduce a significant obstacle to mutually beneficial US-China relations. | 9/23/21 |
SEPTOCT - Drug SafetyTournament: Jack Howe | Round: 1 | Opponent: Honor ML | Judge: Lisa Howard 1NC – Drug SafetyLow quality generics and drugs are prevalent in developing countries – severe impacts followNewton, Green, and Fernandez 10~Newton - Centre for Clinical Vaccinology and Tropical Medicine, Churchill Hospital, University of Oxford, Green - Division of Parasitic Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Fernandez - School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Trends in Pharmacological Sciences, "Impact of poor-quality medicines in the ‘developing’ world", Feb 1, 2010, https://www.cell.com/trends/pharmacological-sciences/fulltext/S0165-6147(09)00203-X?'returnURL=https3A2F2Flinkinghub.elsevier.com2Fretrieve2Fpii2FS016561470900203X3Fshowall3Dtrue~~#20~~ DD MN AND with narrow therapeutic ratios, this may increase the prevalence of adverse effects. Patented drugs solveKIPG 21~a team of highly experienced lawyers having a deep understanding of the international, regional, and national laws and procedures, KIPG, "Role of Intellectual Property in the Pharmaceutical Industry", https://www.kashishworld.com/blog/role-of-intellectual-property-in-the-pharmaceutical-industry/~~ DD MN AND would have a difficult time in ensuring the safety of their medical inventions. | 9/23/21 |
SEPTOCT - Health Diplomacy DATournament: LD Septober Tournament | Round: 2 | Opponent: Chelmsford AF | Judge: Hassan Palanpurwala 1NC—-Health Diplomacy DATRIPS is essential to modern health diplomacyObijiofor Aginam 10, Academic Programme Officer and Director of Studies, Institute for Sustainability and Peace, United Nations University headquarters, Tokyo, Japan; Adjunct Research Professor of Law, Carleton University, Ottawa, Canada, "HEALTH OR TRADE? A CRITIQUE OF CONTEMPORARY APPROACHES TO GLOBAL HEALTH DIPLOMACY," https://poseidon01.ssrn.com/delivery.php?ID=149097083081123105113085099123123091104014059082060018071001088023116023118119002064117119051059021051011085110010121013091016020070011051015018011008065019104127084042076098081007102099120087031085093119071127122005124010118009001092104124120121094andEXT=pdfandINDEX=TRUE AND ways by one of the modes of service supply in the GATS Agreement. Health diplomacy’s key to global cooperation that solves multiple existential threatsJames 17, Wilmot James, Honorary Professor in the Division of Human Genetics at the University of Cape Town's Medical School and Non-residential Senior Fellow at Bard College’s Hannah Arendt Centre, Ph.D. from University of Wisconsin at Madison, "In an Age of Zika and a Threat of Biochemical Terror, Health Security Must Be Everybody’s Concern", Daily Maverick, 4-2, https://www.dailymaverick.co.za/article/2017-04-02-op-ed-in-an-age-of-zika-and-a-threat-of-biochemical-terror-health-security-must-be-everybodys-concern/~~#.WOY8xTvDHHw ~language modified~ AND . To advance health diplomacy requires health leaders with an inclusive global vision... | 8/28/21 |
SEPTOCT - InnovationTournament: Jack Howe | Round: 5 | Opponent: Honor RY | Judge: Chris Perez Innovation DABusiness is boomingDr. Andrew A. Parsons 17, initially trained as a Pharmacologist and Neuroscientist, Director of Reciprocal Minds Limited and Chairman of Pharmasum Therapeutics AS, an early stage Biotech company, 10/3/17, "From mega-merger to big bang?", Elsevier, Pharma RandD Today, https://pharma.elsevier.com/pharma-rd/mega-merger-big-bang/ AND to avoid is a rapid implosion of the currently rapidly expanding biopharma universe. TRIPS IP rights are key for innovationJames Bacchus 20, AND to "foster innovation," they make no mention of IP rights.19 Only pharma innovation solves global pandemics that risk extinctionJeffrey Sachs 14, AND , only a constant arms race between humanity and disease-causing agents. Future pandemics are going to cause extinction – gut micro bacteria will mutate into deadly diseases which would threaten humanity.Diamandis 21 AND will trigger preventative measures that could reverse or delay the projected adverse outcomes. | 9/23/21 |
SEPTOCT - Kenya Africa DATournament: Holy Cross | Round: 5 | Opponent: Strake HZ | Judge: Cyprian Dumas RTAs now, but weak WTO key —- they’re proliferating due to frustration with WTO ineffectivenessShongwe 17 AND This trend has led to the formation of more RTAs around the world. Regionalism is key to African trade and development —- global arrangements don’t allow for African integration —- that’s key to economic developmentOwoeye 16 AND to be removed and there should be improved public investment in infrastructure.116 Sustained African trade solves a myriad of impacts —- economic growth, human rights, drug access, development, and competitiveness —- regionalism is keyOwoeye 16 AND also be relevant in solving some of Africa’s most pressing socio-economic problems Development k2 African stabilityODNI 17 AND civil society, and the spread of democratic institutions—suggests upside potential. Goes nuclearGlick, AND regional, and indeed global conflagrations between competing regional actors and global powers. | 10/4/21 |
SEPTOCT - Kenya CP CoreTournament: Holy Cross | Round: 5 | Opponent: Strake HZ | Judge: Cyprian Dumas CP Text: The Nation of Kenya should increase intellectual property rights for medicines. The rest of the member nations of the WTO should reduce intellectual property protections for medicines during pandemics.Counterfeit drugs areWHO 99, A counterfeit medicine is one which is deliberately and fraudulently mislabelled with respect to identity AND , without active ingredients, with insufficient active ingredient or with fake packaging. Tons of counterfeit medicines in the Kenyan market – it’s a domestic crisis.ICC no date AND products on the market, constituting a serious health concern to Kenyan consumers. Reject arguments that aren’t specific to the situation in African countries like Kenya – counterfeits are particularly devastating for these countries.ICC no date ICC. AND of drug resistant strains, in turn decreasing the effectiveness of legitimate medicines. Low-quality counterfeit drugs empirically cause thousands of deaths nationally and internationally.Bronshtein 8 AND such countries are often those that need the most legitimate medical attention.25 ====Independently, counterfeit drugs disincentivize life-saving medical innovation and deter pharma companies – multiple warrants.==== AND in stifled pharmaceutical innovation, which harms both economies and public welfare globally. | 10/4/21 |
SEPTOCT - Kenya CP SolvesTournament: Holy Cross | Round: 5 | Opponent: Strake HZ | Judge: Cyprian Dumas The CP solves —1~ Increased criminalization of IP violations can deter offenders.ICC no date ICC. AND a minimum (2) years depending on the flagrancy of the offence. 2~ Only the counterplan creates the momentum for additional solvency.ICC no date ICC. AND well as programs to educate the people about the risks of counterfeit products. | 10/4/21 |
SEPTOCT - T - NebelTournament: Jack Howe | Round: Quarters | Opponent: Marlborough YN | Judge: Amanda Ciocca, Anthony Kolshorn, Javier Hernandez T – Nebel – MedicineInterpretation – the Aff may not specify a specific medicineMedicines is a generic bare pluralLeslie and Lerner 16 There are some tests AND the generic reading.) It applies to this topic – "Member nations ought to reduce IP for covid – therefore, member nations ought to reduce IP for all" is illogical1~ Limits: There’s inf medicines they could specify, coupled with various types of countries. Kills neg burdens – it’s impossible for me to research every possible combination of the 195 countries and medicines.2~ TVA Solves – just read your aff as an advantage to a whole rez aff. We aren’t stopping them from reading new FWs, mechanisms, or advantages. PICs don’t solve – it’s ridiculous to say that neg potential abuse justifies the aff making it impossible for me to win3~ Voter:Fairness and education are voters – debate’s a game that needs rules to evaluate it and education gives us portable skills for life like research and thinking.Drop the debater – a) they have a 7-6 rebuttal advantage with 3min to make weighing args I can’t respond to, b) it deters future abuse and sets a positive norm.Use competing interps – a) reasonability collapses to competing interps – we justify 2 brightlines under an offense defense paradigm just like 2 interps.No RVI’s – a) illogical – you shouldn’t win for being fair – it’s a litmus test for engaging in substance, b) topic ed – prevents 1AR blipstorm scripts and allows us to get back to substance after resolving theory | 9/23/21 |
SEPTOCT - T - ReduceTournament: Jack Howe | Round: Quarters | Opponent: Marlborough YN | Judge: Amanda Ciocca, Anthony Kolshorn, Javier Hernandez Interpretation: reduce means to diminishIdaho State Court of Appeals 03 AND a "reduction" under Colorado Cr. R. 35(b)). Reductions must be permanentNew York Supreme Court 3rd Appellate Division AND or degrade. The word "reduce" seems adequately to indicate permanency. Violation: their aff is temporaryVote neg for limits and ground – nonpermanent affs open the floodgates to delay and conditions affs that could hypothetically result in future reductions. These affs don’t materially change the status quo which destroys neg link uniqueness and avoids core topic questions of medical IP good/bad in favor of burner condition-of-the-week affs that gain advantages from the most extreme of crises. | 9/23/21 |
SEPTOCT - Trade SecrecyTournament: Grapevine | Round: 3 | Opponent: Lake Highland Prep AV | Judge: Jilson Carbajal Trade Secrecy DARemoving Patent protections will just encourage trade secrecyRaidt 14, John Raidt, US Chamber of Commerce Foundation, "Patents and Biotechnology" https://www.uschamberfoundation.org/patents-and-biotechnology AND debate and, in particular, the life science patent debate. Trade Secrecy is badZink 18, Julie Zink, University of Dayton, "When Trade Secrecy Goes Too Far: Public Health and Safety Should Trump Corporate Profits" Summer 2018 issue, Page 1142 https://ecommons.udayton.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1109andcontext=law'fac'pub Livingston RB AND their employees, their consumers, the general public, or the environment. | 9/18/21 |
SEPTOCT - WTO CP Competition Pt1Tournament: Grapevine | Round: Semis | Opponent: Lake Highland Prep JE | Judge: Clement Agho-Otoghile, Sarah Botsch-McGuinn, Vandan Patel Counterplan competes —-1~ The plan has the "member nations" act individually, while the counterplan is the WTO through the Council and eventually the DSB. That’s distinct, since member nations are not international bodies.Collins Dictionary n.d. "member nations" RJP, DebateDrills https://www.collinsdictionary.com/us/dictionary/english/member-nations AND nation is an individual country considered together with its social and political structures. 2~ Normal means—-it’s countries requesting a waiver, which the counterplan does not do.James Bacchus 20. AND the WTO needs is another debate over perceived trade obstacles to public health. 3~ Counterplan is neither certain nor immediate—-the US reduction hinges on the outcome of DSB. That makes the counterplan competitive. | 9/23/21 |
SEPTOCT - WTO CP CoreTournament: Grapevine | Round: Semis | Opponent: Lake Highland Prep JE | Judge: Clement Agho-Otoghile, Sarah Botsch-McGuinn, Vandan Patel CoreConceded at the end of CX that TRIPS plus is a piece of legislation from the WTOThe TRIPs Council should vote to reduce TRIPs Plus, amending TRIPs to mandate the Member nations of the WTO ought to reduce TRIPs PlusThe United States should:—Publicly rescind support for the WTO waiver— Veto this motion and refuse to complyThe remaining member nations should initiate proceedings against the United States through the World Trade Organization Dispute Settlement Body which ought to find against the United States. The United States ought to comply with this ruling.The counterplan has the United States oppose the plan but get overruled by the other nations. After the WTO DSB finds against them, they will comply—-that solves the case but avoids politics because the US initially opposed the waiver and was forced into it. | 9/23/21 |
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12/11/21 | rainabatra@gmailcom |
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2/18/22 | rainabatra@gmailcom |
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12/11/21 | rainabatra@gmailcom |
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