Livingston batra Aff
| Tournament | Round | Opponent | Judge | Cites | Round Report | Open Source | Edit/Delete |
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| Grapevine | 2 | Northland Christian AM | Shubhang Arashanapalli |
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| Grapevine | 4 | Dripping Springs AS | Nitin Rastogi |
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| Grapevine | 5 | Lake Highland Prep JE | Hannah Smith |
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| Grapevine | Finals | Lake Highland Prep VS | Devin Hernandez, Emily Jackson, Favian Sun, |
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| Harvard | 1 | North Mecklenburg PM | Sreyaash Das |
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| Holy Cross | 2 | Murrah PH | Alex Berry |
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| Holy Cross | 3 | JPG JF | Fabrice Etienne |
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| Jack Howe | 2 | ModernBrain ES | Roberto Villagomez |
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| Jack Howe | 4 | University HS Independent SC | Noa Taussky |
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| Jack Howe | 6 | Honor NL | Raul Ruano |
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| Jean Ward | 3 | Lincoln WG | Taisei Summerhays |
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| Jean Ward | 5 | OES GK | Maddie Brunkhart |
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| Kansas City | 1 | Wichita East CH | Aryana Booth |
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| Kansas City | 3 | Westford CZ | Michael Waggoner |
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| Kansas City | 6 | Pittsburgh Central Catholic EF | Jeff Jagels |
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| LD Septober Tournament | 1 | Catonsville AT | Hassan Palanpurwala |
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| North Allegheny | 1 | All | All |
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| Pennsbury | 1 | La Salle ZW | Ethan Knox |
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| Pennsbury | 3 | Rock Ridge SD | Eva Laberson |
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| Pennsbury | Semis | Hawken EB | Panel |
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| Ridge | 2 | CR North MM | Jesse Lerman |
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| Ridge | 3 | Bx Sci CC | Keith Lo |
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| Ridge | 5 | Montville SH | Lucas Bailey |
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| Ridge | Octas | Montville HB | Eric He, Jesse Laitman, Max Dittgen |
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| Upper St Clair | 1 | All | All |
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| Upper St Clair | 4 | H | Elijah Duckworth |
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| any | Finals | you | my dog |
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| Tournament | Round | Report |
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| Grapevine | 2 | Opponent: Northland Christian AM | Judge: Shubhang Arashanapalli AC- Virtue |
| Grapevine | 4 | Opponent: Dripping Springs AS | Judge: Nitin Rastogi AC- Innovation Biotech |
| Grapevine | 5 | Opponent: Lake Highland Prep JE | Judge: Hannah Smith AC- Virtue |
| Grapevine | Finals | Opponent: Lake Highland Prep VS | Judge: Devin Hernandez, Emily Jackson, Favian Sun, AC- Virtue |
| Harvard | 1 | Opponent: North Mecklenburg PM | Judge: Sreyaash Das AC- Mining |
| Holy Cross | 2 | Opponent: Murrah PH | Judge: Alex Berry AC- Econ Disease TRIPS Waiver |
| Holy Cross | 3 | Opponent: JPG JF | Judge: Fabrice Etienne AC- Disclo SV |
| Jack Howe | 2 | Opponent: ModernBrain ES | Judge: Roberto Villagomez AC- Virtue |
| Jack Howe | 4 | Opponent: University HS Independent SC | Judge: Noa Taussky 1AC- Virtue |
| Jack Howe | 6 | Opponent: Honor NL | Judge: Raul Ruano 1AC- TRIPS Waiver Econ Africa Instability |
| Jean Ward | 3 | Opponent: Lincoln WG | Judge: Taisei Summerhays AC- Mining Collisions |
| Jean Ward | 5 | Opponent: OES GK | Judge: Maddie Brunkhart AC- Safety Net Developing Countries Lay round no collapse |
| Kansas City | 1 | Opponent: Wichita East CH | Judge: Aryana Booth AC- Mining |
| Kansas City | 3 | Opponent: Westford CZ | Judge: Michael Waggoner AC- Mining Collisions |
| Kansas City | 6 | Opponent: Pittsburgh Central Catholic EF | Judge: Jeff Jagels AC - Mining Collisions |
| LD Septober Tournament | 1 | Opponent: Catonsville AT | Judge: Hassan Palanpurwala 1AC- innovation ghi biopiracy |
| North Allegheny | 1 | Opponent: All | Judge: All Hey! NA was in person and I read the same aff every time with no collapse! It was a completely lay tourney |
| Pennsbury | 1 | Opponent: La Salle ZW | Judge: Ethan Knox AC- Mining |
| Pennsbury | 3 | Opponent: Rock Ridge SD | Judge: Eva Laberson AC- Mining Ozone Dev Countries |
| Pennsbury | Semis | Opponent: Hawken EB | Judge: Panel AC- Mining |
| Ridge | 2 | Opponent: CR North MM | Judge: Jesse Lerman AC- Ag MH Note on citesos- I accidentally overwrote the file because im smart like that but if you go to rige r3 its the same thing lol just without disclosure |
| Ridge | 3 | Opponent: Bx Sci CC | Judge: Keith Lo 1AC- Disclo ag MH |
| Ridge | 5 | Opponent: Montville SH | Judge: Lucas Bailey 1AC- Ag HC see r3 at ridge for OS minus disclo |
| Ridge | Octas | Opponent: Montville HB | Judge: Eric He, Jesse Laitman, Max Dittgen 1AC- Disclosure Ag |
| Upper St Clair | 1 | Opponent: All | Judge: All Read the same aff the whole tournament minus r4 which is posted separately It was a lay tournament so i never collapsed |
| Upper St Clair | 4 | Opponent: H | Judge: Elijah Duckworth AC- Mining |
To modify or delete round reports, edit the associated round.
Cites
| Entry | Date |
|---|---|
0 - Contact InfoTournament: any | Round: Finals | Opponent: you | Judge: my dog Email: rainabatra@gmail.com | 8/28/21 |
0 - DebateDrillsTournament: any | Round: Finals | Opponent: you | Judge: my dog | 8/28/21 |
0 - JanFeb CitesTournament: Jean Ward | Round: 1 | Opponent: Cleveland HS OR FC | Judge: Alex Avery | 2/14/22 |
0 - NavigationTournament: any | Round: Finals | Opponent: you | Judge: my dog | 8/28/21 |
JANFEB - Dev CountriesTournament: Jean Ward | Round: 5 | Opponent: OES GK | Judge: Maddie Brunkhart Outer space houses tons of valuable resources, it’s about who can get there firstBlair 15, Brad Blair, Expert in commercial space law, Winter 2015, "Space Mineral Resources," National Space Society - Working to Create a Spacefaring Civilization, https://space.nss.org/space-mineral-resources/ Livingston RB AND robust and sustainable space economy, enabling human expansion into the Solar System. The ability to appropriate space keeps developing nations out of these valuable resources- it’s already happened with satellitesGiacomin 19, Nicolas Giacomin, author on space, 12-4-2019, "The Bogotá Declaration and space law," Space Legal Issues, https://www.spacelegalissues.com/the-bogota-declaration-and-space-law/ Livingston RB AND the frequency spectrum depends on International Telecommunications Law and not on space law. This locks in existing global structural violence by perpetuating inequality into spaceReinstein 99, Ezra J. Reinstein, Owning Outer Space, 20 Nw. J. Int'l L. and Bus. 59 (1999-2000) https://scholarlycommons.law.northwestern.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?referer=andhttpsredir=1andarticle=1500andcontext=njilb Livingston RB AND global wealth distribution thus would be carried forward into the space age. 38 Global Inequality has severe impacts for allDoucouliagos 17 Chris Doucouliagos, Professor of Economics, Department of Economics, Deakin Business School and Alfred Deakin Institute for Citizenship and Globalisation, Deakin University 8-6-2017, "Don't listen to the rich: inequality is bad for everyone," Conversation, https://theconversation.com/dont-listen-to-the-rich-inequality-is-bad-for-everyone-81952 Livingston RB AND only make everyone poorer. | 2/14/22 |
JANFEB - MiningTournament: Pennsbury | Round: 3 | Opponent: Rock Ridge SD | Judge: Eva Laberson Mining creates space debrisBoley and Byers 20 (Arron, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia; Michael, Department of Political Science, University of British Columbia) U.S. policy puts the safe development of space at risk, SCIENCE, 9 Oct 2020, Vol 370, Issue 6513, pp. 174-175 https://www.science.org/doi/full/10.1126/science.abd3402 EE AND they demonstrate how easily human actions can change the near-Earth environment. An increase in space debris and dust from mining collides with key defense satellitesScoles 15 Sarah Scoles ~Freelance science writer, and a contributing writer at WIRED Science, with articles in places like Popular Science, the New York Times, Scientific American, Vice, Outside, and others.~, 5-27-2015, "Dust from asteroid mining spells danger for satellites," New Scientist, https://www.newscientist.com/article/mg22630235-100-dust-from-asteroid-mining-spells-danger-for-satellites/ DD AG AND worry about cascades of collisions like the one depicted in the movie Gravity. Laundry list of impacts – compromised communication, loss of military capability and moreDivorsky 15 George Divorsky ~George P. Dvorsky (born May 11, 1970) is a Canadian bioethicist, transhumanist and futurist. He is a contributing editor at io9~1~ and producer of the Sentient Developments blog and podcast. He was Chair of the Board for the Institute for Ethics and Emerging Technologies (IEET)~2~~3~ and is the founder and chair of the IEET's Rights of Non-Human Persons Program~, 6-4-2015, "What Would Happen If All Our Satellites Were Suddenly Destroyed?," Gizmodo https://gizmodo.com/what-would-happen-if-all-our-satellites-were-suddenly-d-1709006681 DD AG AND but much of the data we’re currently tracking would suddenly become much spottier. Cascades and increases the effect exponentially+ increases the chance of warOrwig 16 ~(Jessica, MS in science and tech journalism from Texas AandM, BS in astronomy and physics from Ohio State) "Russia says a growing problem in space could be enough to spark a war," Insider,’ January 26, 2016, https://www.businessinsider.com/russia-says-space-junk-could-spark-war-2016-1~~ ~pT~ AND -catalogued objects will grow exponentially in mutual collisions," the researchers reported. Debris makes space unusableGarcia-Navarro 20, Lulu Garcia-Navarro, 9-27-2020, "Space Debris Buildup Could Threaten Satellites, Space Travel," NPR.org, https://www.npr.org/2020/09/27/917424830/space-debris-buildup-could-threaten-satellites-space-travel Livingston RB AND something the size of a grain of sand can destroy an entire spacecraft. | 2/18/22 |
JANFEB - OzoneTournament: Pennsbury | Round: 3 | Opponent: Rock Ridge SD | Judge: Eva Laberson Ozone is improving in the status quoUN 19, United Nations Report, 9-16-2019, "Ozone on track to heal completely in our lifetime, UN environment agency declares on World Day.," UN News, https://news.un.org/en/story/2019/09/1046452 Livingston RB AND carbon dioxide emissions from 1990 to 2010 averted by a strong protective shield. Even getting into space harms the environment by punching holes in the ozoneMortillaro 21, Nicole Mortillaro · Cbc News · Posted, 4-22-2021, "Rocket launches could be affecting our ozone layer, say experts," CBC, https://www.cbc.ca/news/science/rocket-launches-environment-1.5995252 Livingston RB AND good idea of what happens when we're injecting these particles into the stratosphere." Ozone is key to human survivalEuropean Commission ND, "Protection of the ozone layer" European Commission Official Website, https://ec.europa.eu/clima/eu-action/protection-ozone-layer'en Livingston RB AND industrial and consumer applications, mainly refrigerators, air conditioners and fire extinguishers. | 2/18/22 |
JANFEB - Safety NetTournament: Jean Ward | Round: 5 | Opponent: OES GK | Judge: Maddie Brunkhart In the status quo, billionaires are looking to space colonization to escape earthTucker 20, Reed Tucker, 8-8-2020, "Jeff Bezos and Elon Musk’s plans to colonize space are even crazier than we thought," New York Post, https://nypost.com/2020/08/08/billionaires-who-plan-to-colonize-space-live-in-a-dream-world/ AND physicist who in the 1970s laid out a grand design for space colonies. Space colonization if only done by private entities be primarily accessible to the extremely wealthyManey 15, Kevin Maney, Kevin Maney is a best-selling author, award-winning columnist, and musician still waiting for his big break. Maney co-authored, with Al Ramadan, Dave Peterson and Christopher Lochhead, the 2015 book Play Bigger: How Pirates, Dreamers and Innovators Create and Dominate Markets, published by Harper Business. Maney’s other books include The Two-Second Advantage: How We Succeed by Anticipating the Future...Just Enough, a 2011 New York Times bestseller. He also co-wrote the most widely distributed business book of 2011, Making the World Work Better:The Ideas That Shaped a Century and a Company, which marked IBM’s centennial. His other books are Trade-Off: Why Some Things Catch On, and Others Don't; The Maverick and His Machine: Thomas Watson Sr. and the Making of IBM; and Megamedia Shakeout. Maney has been a contributor to Fortune, The Atlantic, Fast Company and ABC News, among other media outlets. He was a contributing editor at Conde Nast Portfolio during its brief run from 2007 to 2009. For 22 years, Maney was a columnist, editor and reporter at USA Today. He has been a book and writing consultant to numerous CEOs and companies such as Cisco, IBM, IdeaPaint and Qualcomm. He lives in New York. 12-14-2015, "'Star Wars' Class Wars: Is Mars the Escape Hatch for the 1 Percent?," Newsweek, https://www.newsweek.com/2015/12/25/mars-colonies-rich-people-404681.html Livingston RB AND West, which will make the country even harder to stabilize and rebuild. This means that it allows for the extremely wealthy to have a safety net to turn to if things on earth go badMoran 20, Michael Moran, 08-02-2020, "Billionaires could leave Earth behind 'for space colony' as 'climate collapses'," Dailystar.co.uk, https://www.dailystar.co.uk/news/weird-news/billionaires-could-leave-earth-behind-21445413 Livingston RB AND or $140trillion (£106tn), according to a report from Credit Suisse. And the ultra-wealthy are the ones exploiting earth in the squoZimmerman 15, Jess Zimmerman, 9-16-2015, "What if the mega-rich just want rocket ships to escape the Earth they destroy?," Guardian, https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2015/sep/16/mega-rich-rocket-ships-escape-earth Livingston RB AND if that’s not literally the plan, it may be the ultimate outcome. This leads to worse warming of earth. Billionaires already do it and space means there are no consequences. Warming harms the least well off the mostPaddinson 21 Laura Paddison, 21-10-2021, "How the rich are driving climate change," No Publication, https://www.bbc.com/future/article/20211025-climate-how-to-make-the-rich-pay-for-their-carbon-emissions AND the brunt of climate impacts despite bearing the least responsibility for causing them. Climate Change leads to extinctionSpecktor 19. Brandon Specktor. June 04 2019. LiveScience. "Human Civilization Will Crumble by 2050 If We Don't Stop Climate Change Now, New Paper Claims." https://www.livescience.com/65633-climate-change-dooms-humans-by-2050.html. – Livingston RB AND in the new paper. "Human life on Earth may be on the | 2/14/22 |
NOVDEC - DisclosureTournament: Ridge | Round: Octas | Opponent: Montville HB | Judge: Eric He, Jesse Laitman, Max Dittgen 1- DisclosureInterpretation: Debaters must disclose all constructive speech docs open source with highlighting on the NDCA LD wiki within an hour after debating.Violation – Opp has not disclosed at all at this tournamentStandards-Debate resource inequities—you’ll say people will steal cards, but that’s good—it’s the only way to truly level the playing field for students such as novices in under-privileged programs.Antonucci 5 ~Michael (Debate coach for Georgetown; former coach for Lexington High School); "~eDebate~ open source? resp to Morris"; December 8; http://cedadebate.org/pipermail/mailman/2005 December/060990.html~ AND -cutter's work than send the KGB after specific counter-revolutionary teams. 2- Evidence ethics – open source is the only way to verify before round that cards aren’t miscut – otherwise you could have highlighted unethically. That’s a voter – maintaining ethical ev practices is key to being good academics and we should be able to verify you didn’t cheatVoters-Fairness is a voter – its constitutive of any competitive activity based on skills, wins, and losses – unfair practices skew the judge’s ability to determine the better debaterDrop the debater to set a norm – if you lose you’ll open source from now onCompeting interps – reasonability is arbitrary and begs the question of what’s reasonable requiring judge interventionNo neg rvi – otherwise the 6 minute 2nr can collapse to a short shell and get away with infinite 1nc abuse via sheer brute force and time spent on theory | 12/11/21 |
SEPTOCT - Africa InstabilityTournament: Jack Howe | Round: 6 | Opponent: Honor NL | Judge: Raul Ruano African Instability adv.A prolonged economic contraction due to the pandemic in Africa pushes millions more into poverty and also forever ends projects key to future economic progress These direct impacts combine with indirect effects on the job market to create a vicious cycle where productivity loss increases political instability, deteriorating economic conditions and foreign confidence further, fostering even more turmoilCarmody 20— Carmody, Pádraig. "Meta-trends in global value chains and development: interacting impacts with COVID-19 in Africa." Transnational Corporations Journal 27.2 (2020). AND to emerge in the future (Carmody, Kragelund and Riboredo, 2020). African instability results in global draw-in as natural resource wealth and weak governance make Africa a prime target for proxy warsYeisley 11, Mark O. "Bipolarity, proxy wars, and the rise of China." Strategic Studies Quarterly 5.4 (2011): 75-91. (assistant professor of international relations at the School of Advanced Air and Space Studies). (AG DebateDrills) AND sustain their national security postures, especially in terms of strategic defense.60 Extinction – nuclear winter, crude oil amplifies, smoke covers the worldSnyder and Ruyle 17 (Brian F.Snyder and Leslie E. Ruyle, 12-15-2017, ~Brian F. Snyder. Department of Environmental Science, Louisiana State University, United States. Leslie E. Ruyle. Center on Conflict and Development, Texas AandM University, United States~"The abolition of war as a goal of environmental policy," No Publication, https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0048969717316431?via3Dihub)//CHS PK AND in Asia are typically around 0.3 to 1 mg/m3 . | 9/23/21 |
SEPTOCT - BiopiracyTournament: LD Septober Tournament | Round: 1 | Opponent: Catonsville AT | Judge: Hassan Palanpurwala WTO TRIPS deepens the global north-south divide and causes biopiracyErin Kathleen Bender 3, J.D., University of Tulsa College of Law, Tulsa, Oklahoma, May 2004; B.A., summa cum laude, Letters, University of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma, May 2000, "North and South: The WTO, Trips, and the Scourge of Biopiracy," 9-1-2003, https://digitalcommons.law.utulsa.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1201andcontext=tjcil AND find their place in this world that we have created.346 Biopiracy causes environmental disasterJames Ming Chen 13, Justin Smith Morrill Chair in Law, Michigan State University; Of Counsel, Technology Law Group of Washington, D.C. 5-15-13. "BIOPROSPECT THEORY," https://www.uakron.edu/dotAsset/989023a4-c9c1-49a6-854d-26ea7eb01cca.pdf AND irreversible cataclysms of global proportions. | 8/28/21 |
SEPTOCT - BiotechTournament: Grapevine | Round: 4 | Opponent: Dripping Springs AS | Judge: Nitin Rastogi BiotechOnly pharma innovation solves global pandemics that risk extinctionJeffrey Sachs 14, Professor of Sustainable Development, Health Policy and Management @ Columbia University, Director of the Earth Institute @ Columbia University and Special adviser to the United Nations Secretary-General on the Millennium Development Goals) "Important lessons from Ebola outbreak," Business World Online, August 17, 2014, http://tinyurl.com/kjgvyro AND , only a constant arms race between humanity and disease-causing agents. Pharma is key to biotechGarth JS Cooper 6, independent medical scientist at the University of Auckland, "Fates Intertwined," March 2006, https://library.wur.nl/WebQuery/file/cogem/cogem't4505194e'001.pdf AND these industries will be transformed and the world of human therapeutics will flourish. Ag biotech innovation key to keep up with food demands – regulatory failures undermine U.S. ag, and result in increased global famines that risk instabilityRedick 14, Thomas, JD (1985) from the University of Michigan and is chair of the American Bar Association Section on Environment, Energy and Resources (ABA-SEER) Committee on Agricultural Management, "The "Stacked" Pipeline of Biotech Specialty Crops and Regulatory/Market Barriers to Coexistence," pg online @ http://nabc.cals.cornell.edu/Publications/Reports/nabc'25/25'6'1'Redick.pdf AND , and J.R. Simplot with its "Innate®" potato1). Food shortage extinctionJulian Cribb 19, Author, journalist, editor and science communicator, principal of Julian Cribb and Associates who provide specialist consultancy in the communication of science, agriculture, food, mining, energy and the environment, more than thirty awards for journalism. 10/03/2019. "6 - Food as an Existential Risk." Food or War, 1st ed., Cambridge University Press. DOI.org (Crossref), doi:10.1017/9781108690126. AND in population and into a sustainable world beyond is covered in Chapter 9. | 9/18/21 |
SEPTOCT - DiseaseTournament: Holy Cross | Round: 2 | Opponent: Murrah PH | Judge: Alex Berry | 10/4/21 |
SEPTOCT - EconTournament: Jack Howe | Round: 6 | Opponent: Honor NL | Judge: Raul Ruano Econ AdvantageVaccines will not cover LMICs until at least 2023—fortunately there is massive room for supply increaseNancy S. Jecker and Caesar A. Atuire 21. *Department of Bioethics and Humanities, University of Washington School of Medicine, Department of Philosophy, University of Johannesburg, Auckland Park, Gauteng, South Africa, "What’s yours is ours: waiving intellectual property protections for COVID-19 vaccines," Journal of Medical Ethics, July 6, 2021, https://jme.bmj.com/content/medethics/early/2021/07/06/medethics-2021-107555.full.pdf., RJP, DebateDrills. AND will be African—continue to import 99 of its vaccine?’18 Unequal vaccine distribution has massive economic costs even with conservative estimates that don’t account for the Delta variantÇakmakli 21— Çakmakli, Cem ~Assistant Professor at Koç University. PhD: Pennsylvania State University~ et al. The economic case for global vaccinations: An epidemiological model with international production networks. No. w28395. National Bureau of Economic Research, 2021. (AG DebateDrills) AND costs but also escalate the economic costs that we estimated in our analysis. Economic loss and slow supply recovery causes inflation deanchoring and econ collapse in advanced economies as well as extreme poverty in EMDEsWorld Bank 6-21 – World Bank Prospects Group; June 2021 Global Economic Prospects; https://openknowledge.worldbank.org/bitstream/handle/10986/35647/9781464816659.pdf (AG DebateDrills) AND to higher inflation and compounded the challenges confronting the poor during the pandemic. Economic Collapse goes Nuclear.Tønnesson 15, Stein. "Deterrence, interdependence and Sino–US peace." International Area Studies Review 18.3 (2015): 297-311. (the Department of Peace and Conflict, Uppsala University, Sweden, and Peace research Institute Oslo (PRIO), Norway) AND each other, with a view to obliging Washington or Beijing to intervene. | 9/23/21 |
SEPTOCT - Global Health InnovationTournament: LD Septober Tournament | Round: 1 | Opponent: Catonsville AT | Judge: Hassan Palanpurwala 2-Global Health InnovationThe WTO’s Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS) causes massive global health inequalityK. M. Gopakumar 15, legal advisor and senior researcher with the Third World Network, "Twenty years of TRIPS agreement and access to medicine: a development perspective," Indian Journal of International Law 55, 367–404 2015, https://link.springer.com/article/10.10072Fs40901-016-0022-7 AND protection under the TRIPS Agreement is critical to serve this purpose. Global health inequality drives demodernizationKatherine Hirschfeld 19, Associate Professor in the University of Oklahoma's Department of Anthropology, "Microbial insurgency: Theorizing global health in the Anthropocene," October 23rd, 2019, https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full/10.1177/2053019619882781 AND health patterns back to an "age of pestilence and famine." Demodernization spurs ethnic nationalism and cascading state failureYakov Rabkin 18, professor emeritus of history at the Université de Montréal, "Undoing Years of Progress," in "DEMODERNIZATION A Future in the Past," downloaded via b-ok at https://b-ok.cc/book/3706747/c28b08. AND explore this phenomenon in a wide gamut of contexts and periods. Inequality-driven nationalism exacerbates the conditions for nuclear conflict.Frederick Solt 11, Associate Professor, Political Science, University of Iowa. "Diversionary Nationalism: Economic Inequality and the Formation of National Pride." The Journal of Politics 73(3): 821-30. Emory Libraries. AND issue of redistribution from debate and therefore narrows the scope of democratic politics. | 8/28/21 |
SEPTOCT - InnovationTournament: LD Septober Tournament | Round: 1 | Opponent: Catonsville AT | Judge: Hassan Palanpurwala 1-InnovationInnovation down now—-it’ll kill the pharma industryStandish Fleming 18, Managing Member at Forward Ventures and Owner, Forward Ventures, "Pharma's Innovation Crisis, Part 1: Why The Experts Can't Fix It," September 6th, 2018, https://www.forbes.com/sites/stanfleming/2018/09/06/why-experts-cant-fix-pharmas-innovation-crisis-part-1-and-what-to-do-about-it-part-2/?sh=40e24a0216fe AND led to costly mistakes and, ultimately, the industry's decline. TRIPS is the key—-patent systems are devastating innovation nowBryan Mercurio 14, Law Professor at The Chinese University of Hong Kong, "TRIPs, Patents, and Innovation: A Necessary Reappraisal?" https://e15initiative.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/09/E15-Innovation-Mercurio-FINAL.pdf AND this section raises four alternatives to the status quo for discussion. Pharma is key to biotechGarth JS Cooper 6, independent medical scientist at the University of Auckland, "Fates Intertwined," March 2006, https://library.wur.nl/WebQuery/file/cogem/cogem't4505194e'001.pdf AND will be transformed and the world of human therapeutics will flourish. Only pharma innovation solves global pandemics that risk extinctionJeffrey Sachs 14, Professor of Sustainable Development, Health Policy and Management @ Columbia University, Director of the Earth Institute @ Columbia University and Special adviser to the United Nations Secretary-General on the Millennium Development Goals) "Important lessons from Ebola outbreak," Business World Online, August 17, 2014, http://tinyurl.com/kjgvyro AND , only a constant arms race between humanity and disease-causing agents. | 8/28/21 |
SEPTOCT - Innovation v2Tournament: Grapevine | Round: 4 | Opponent: Dripping Springs AS | Judge: Nitin Rastogi InnovationInnovation down now—-it’ll kill the pharma industryStandish Fleming 18, Managing Member at Forward Ventures and Owner, Forward Ventures, "Pharma's Innovation Crisis, Part 1: Why The Experts Can't Fix It," September 6th, 2018, https://www.forbes.com/sites/stanfleming/2018/09/06/why-experts-cant-fix-pharmas-innovation-crisis-part-1-and-what-to-do-about-it-part-2/?sh=40e24a0216fe AND development has led to costly mistakes and, ultimately, the industry's decline. TRIPS is the key—-patent systems are devastating innovation nowBryan Mercurio 14, Law Professor at The Chinese University of Hong Kong, "TRIPs, Patents, and Innovation: A Necessary Reappraisal?" https://e15initiative.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/09/E15-Innovation-Mercurio-FINAL.pdf AND remainder of this section raises four alternatives to the status quo for discussion. Only pharma innovation solves global pandemics that risk extinctionJeffrey Sachs 14, Professor of Sustainable Development, Health Policy and Management @ Columbia University, Director of the Earth Institute @ Columbia University and Special adviser to the United Nations Secretary-General on the Millennium Development Goals) "Important lessons from Ebola outbreak," Business World Online, August 17, 2014, http://tinyurl.com/kjgvyro AND , only a constant arms race between humanity and disease-causing agents. Earlier interventions could have prevented first wave COVID cases in the US, given the success of other earlier European interventionsPei et al 20 ~Sen Pei, Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, Sasikiran Kandula, Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, Jeffrey Shaman, Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, Dec. 2020, "Differential Effects of Intervention Timing on COVID-19 Spread in the United States," Science Advances, vol. 6, no. 49, p. eabd6370. advances.sciencemag.org, https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.abd6370~~/ Triumph Debate AND would result with no NPIs in place. | 9/18/21 |
SEPTOCT - SVTournament: Holy Cross | Round: 3 | Opponent: JPG JF | Judge: Fabrice Etienne | 10/4/21 |
SEPTOCT - TRIPS WaiverTournament: Jack Howe | Round: 6 | Opponent: Honor NL | Judge: Raul Ruano Plan: Member nations of the WTO ought to grant a TRIPS waiver for COVID medicinesIndia and South Africa have signaled ability to increase vaccine production after a TRIPS waiver—this is also our solvency advocateNancy S. Jecker and Caesar A. Atuire 21. *Department of Bioethics and Humanities, University of Washington School of Medicine, Department of Philosophy, University of Johannesburg, Auckland Park, Gauteng, South Africa, "What’s yours is ours: waiving intellectual property protections for COVID-19 vaccines," Journal of Medical Ethics, July 6, 2021, https://jme.bmj.com/content/medethics/early/2021/07/06/medethics-2021-107555.full.pdf., AG, DebateDrills. AND permits companies to retain ownership while licensing other companies to manufacture their vaccines. The plan is also a prerequisite to starting the WHO technology transfer hubWHO 4/21—WHO, 4-21-2021, "Establishment of a COVID-19 mRNA vaccine technology transfer hub to scale up global manufacturing," https://www.who.int/news-room/articles-detail/establishment-of-a-covid-19-mrna-vaccine-technology-transfer-hub-to-scale-up-global-manufacturing. (AG DebateDrills) AND be able to produce vaccines as essential preparedness measures against future infectious threats. There are many countries including Canada, Bangladesh, Denmark, and African nations that have capacity to produce millions of dosesMeldrum and Cheng 21— ANDREW MELDRUM and MARIA CHENG, AP News, "Vaccine technology transfer center to open in South Africa," 6/21/2021, https://apnews.com/article/united-nations-south-africa-africa-technology-coronavirus-vaccine-3cbdee395502802b55db2b5c81e6becd. (AG, DebateDrills) AND produced in the U.S. in a factory under suspect conditions. | 9/23/21 |
SEPTOCT - Trips waiver solvTournament: Holy Cross | Round: 2 | Opponent: Murrah PH | Judge: Alex Berry Plan: Member nations of the WTO ought to grant a TRIPS waiver for COVID medicinesIndia and South Africa have signaled ability to increase vaccine production after a TRIPS waiver—this is also our solvency advocateNancy S. Jecker and Caesar A. Atuire 21.ire. Two competing positions have emerged. First AND permits companies to retain ownership while licensing other companies to manufacture their vaccines. The plan is also a prerequisite to starting the WHO technology transfer hubWHO 4/21—WHO, 4-21-2021, AND be able to produce vaccines as essential preparedness measures against future infectious threats. Waiving IP protections is mecessary to expand manufacturing and vaccine exports. Numerous countries have the capacity to manufacture vaccines but lack the knowledge to make themKumar 7-12 AND not expedient in a public health crisis like the COVID-19 pandemic. | 10/4/21 |
SEPTOCT - Virtue ContentionTournament: Grapevine | Round: 2 | Opponent: Northland Christian AM | Judge: Shubhang Arashanapalli OffenseI defend "Resolved: The member nations of the World Trade Organization ought to reduce intellectual property protections for medicines."Reducing patents creates open-source communities – information held back by patents will be open to the public once there are less restrictions on it.Affirm –~1~ Excellence – open-source projects cause the community to strive towards a better version of them through mutual feedback which necessitates cultivating virtues like wisdom and justice.Opderbeck, 1 (David Opderbeck is Associate Professor of Law and the Director of the Gibbons Institute of Law, Science and Technology at the Seton Hall University School of Law., 11-2-2017, accessed on 8-11-2021, University of Maine School of Law Digital Commons, "A Virtue-Centered Approach to the Biotechnology Commons (Or, The Virtuous Penguin)", https://digitalcommons.mainelaw.maine.edu/mlr/vol59/iss2/5/)//st AND source peer production contributes to justice by allowing space for individual autonomy.81 Human activities can be split into two categories: one activity where the end of the it can be completed, like watering a plant, and one where the end, or internal goods, is fully present in the activity itself, like friendship. Internal goods must come first – otherwise after achieving an end there is no motivation to do further action.Opderbeck, 2 (David Opderbeck is Associate Professor of Law and the Director of the Gibbons Institute of Law, Science and Technology at the Seton Hall University School of Law., 11-2-2017, accessed on 8-11-2021, University of Maine School of Law Digital Commons, "A Virtue-Centered Approach to the Biotechnology Commons (Or, The Virtuous Penguin)", https://digitalcommons.mainelaw.maine.edu/mlr/vol59/iss2/5/)//st AND excellence, as well as the capabilities of practitioners, rise over time. ~2~ Community – open-source practices foster the virtues of mutual sacrifice and cooperation by allowing people to participate and share.Opderbeck, 3 (David Opderbeck is Associate Professor of Law and the Director of the Gibbons Institute of Law, Science and Technology at the Seton Hall University School of Law, 11-2-2017, accessed on 8-11-2021, University of Maine School of Law Digital Commons, "A Virtue-Centered Approach to the Biotechnology Commons (Or, The Virtuous Penguin)", https://digitalcommons.mainelaw.maine.edu/mlr/vol59/iss2/5/)//st AND , resources, and talent, which cumulate to a much larger good. | 9/18/21 |
SEPTOCT - Virtue FWTournament: Grapevine | Round: 2 | Opponent: Northland Christian AM | Judge: Shubhang Arashanapalli FWFirst, ethics are split between the deontic and aretaic. Deontic theories answer what agents should do according to a moral code, while aretaic theories answer what kind of agent people should be to make the right decisions.Gryz, 1 (Jarek Gryz, Professor in the department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science at York University, Research Faculty Fellow at Center for Advanced Studies., 12-15-2010, accessed on 8-21-2021, Springer, "On the Relationship Between the Aretaic and the Deontic", DOI 10.1007/s10677-010-9258-3)st AND a moral theory; the ‘good’ is used to express moral judgments. To clarify, deontic theories guide ethics by looking at the actions of moral actors, whereas aretaic theories guide ethics by looking at the character of moral actors themselves. By developing good moral character, good actions will naturally follow.Prefer the aretaic:~1~ Hijacks – Every action in the deontic can be expressed in the aretaic, but only the aretaic can break free of the right/wrong binary with its richer vocabulary.Gryz, 2 (Jarek Gryz, Professor in the department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science at York University, Research Faculty Fellow at Center for Advanced Studies., 12-15-2010, accessed on 8-21-2021, Springer, "On the Relationship Between the Aretaic and the Deontic", DOI 10.1007/s10677-010-9258-3)st AND attractive ethical theories seem to be much better off than the imperative ones. ~2~ Collapses – A. If agents were conditioned properly, they would independently take the right actions, which hijacks deontic theories. B. Infinite regress – we can always ask why to follow a deontic rule, but the answer will terminate in attempting to achieve some aretaic property.~3~ Prerequisite – A. Philosophy must frame who we are as individuals before dictating how we should act; I wouldn’t tell a serial killer to follow the categorical imperative but try to reform their character first, since they don’t have the disposition to follow it. B. The origin of philosophy had to start through an aretaic paradigm since there were no preconceived notions or rules that we needed a guide towards the good; they chose to develop the good out of their own volition; without the aretaic there’d be no reason to do good things unless we wanted to become better people.~4~ The deontic fails – A. Moral laws are socially constructed and dependent upon the places and conditions where they will be in use which means they are subjective and fail; moral law can’t account for every single situation, but virtue solves and is more flexible since good agents will do good actions. B. Moral laws can be interpreted in an infinite number of ways and there’s no way to hold people accountable for following them correctly. C. Fails to account for differences in cultures or norms, the aretaic solves by allowing people to determine and weigh between their own virtues.Next, the only ethics consistent with the aretaic is a virtue paradigm. Instead of prescribing normative claims to action, virtue focuses on developing agents to make them virtuous.Reader, (Soran Reader, Soran Reader is Lecturer in Philosophy at Durham University and is editor of The Philosophy of Need (Cambridge University Press, 2006)., December 2000, accessed on 8-22-2021, Springer, "New Directions in Ethics: Naturalism, Reasons, and Virtue."", http://www.jstor.org/stable/27504153)//st AND insight to moral philosophy; its import has yet fully to be appreciated. The standard is consistency with the cultivation of virtue.Impact Calc –~1~ There is a distinction between procedural and substantive actions. Procedural actions allow agents to engage under the framework to practice virtue while substantive offense is an unvirtuous action. Procedural offense comes first since A) Prereq – if it’s impossible to engage in the framework it’s impossible to generate a substantive ethical conclusion from it B) Magnitude – being incapable of generating ethical principles is an intrinsic wrong that infinitely violates all the ethical decisions that you would have made under the framework C) Character – virtues are a mindset to do the right thing so they must be realized, not forced. Agents must be able to cultivate their own virtues – if I force a person to never lie that won’t develop their character.~2~ Not consequentialist – A) Virtue is concerned with how actions change someone’s moral character, regardless of the consequences B) Consequences only evaluate the direct consequences of the action but not the way that it affects someone’s moral character. Virtues aren’t end goods like pain and pleasure – it’s not something that should be maximized all the time unconditionally, instead, agents should focus on developing a character that can use virtue appropriately.~3~ Consequences fail – A) Induction Fails – You only know induction works because past experiences have told you it has, but that is in itself a form of induction, so you use induction to prove induction – that’s circular B) Butterfly Effect – Every action has an infinite number of consequences that stem from it – me picking up a pen could cause nuclear war a hundred years down – you can’t quantify the infinite amount of pain and pleasure to come C) Aggregation fails – everyone has different feelings of pain and pleasure, so you can’t universalize that and say it’s good – it’s impossible to measure something that’s completely subjective D) Culpability – any consequence can lead to another consequence so it’s impossible to assign obligations since you can’t pinpoint a specific actor that caused a consequence. | 9/18/21 |
SEPTOCT - Virtue FW v2Tournament: Grapevine | Round: Finals | Opponent: Lake Highland Prep VS | Judge: Devin Hernandez, Emily Jackson, Favian Sun, SyllogismFWFirst, ethics are split between the deontic and aretaic. Deontic theories answer what agents should do according to a moral code, while aretaic theories answer what kind of agent people should be to make the right decisions.Gryz, 1 (Jarek Gryz, Professor in the department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science at York University, Research Faculty Fellow at Center for Advanced Studies., 12-15-2010, accessed on 8-21-2021, Springer, "On the Relationship Between the Aretaic and the Deontic", DOI 10.1007/s10677-010-9258-3)st AND a moral theory; the ‘good’ is used to express moral judgments. To clarify, deontic theories guide ethics by looking at the actions of moral actors, whereas aretaic theories guide ethics by looking at the character of moral actors themselves. By developing good moral character, good actions will naturally follow.Prefer the aretaic:~1~ Hijacks – Every action in the deontic can be expressed in the aretaic, but only the aretaic can break free of the right/wrong binary with its richer vocabulary.Gryz, 2 (Jarek Gryz, Professor in the department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science at York University, Research Faculty Fellow at Center for Advanced Studies., 12-15-2010, accessed on 8-21-2021, Springer, "On the Relationship Between the Aretaic and the Deontic", DOI 10.1007/s10677-010-9258-3)st AND attractive ethical theories seem to be much better off than the imperative ones. ~2~ Collapses – A. If agents were conditioned properly, they would independently take the right actions, which hijacks deontic theories. B. Infinite regress – we can always ask why to follow a deontic rule, but the answer will terminate in attempting to achieve some aretaic property.~3~ Prerequisite – A. Philosophy must frame who we are as individuals before dictating how we should act; I wouldn’t tell a serial killer to follow the categorical imperative but try to reform their character first, since they don’t have the disposition to follow it. B. The origin of philosophy had to start through an aretaic paradigm since there were no preconceived notions or rules that we needed a guide towards the good; they chose to develop the good out of their own volition; without the aretaic there’d be no reason to do good things unless we wanted to become better people.~4~ The deontic fails – A. Moral laws are socially constructed and dependent upon the places and conditions where they will be in use which means they are subjective and fail; moral law can’t account for every single situation, but virtue solves and is more flexible since good agents will do good actions. B. Moral laws can be interpreted in an infinite number of ways and there’s no way to hold people accountable for following them correctly. C. Fails to account for differences in cultures or norms, the aretaic solves by allowing people to determine and weigh between their own virtues.Next, the only ethics consistent with the aretaic is a virtue paradigm. Instead of prescribing normative claims to action, virtue focuses on developing agents to make them virtuous.Reader, (Soran Reader, Soran Reader is Lecturer in Philosophy at Durham University and is editor of The Philosophy of Need (Cambridge University Press, 2006)., December 2000, accessed on 8-22-2021, Springer, "New Directions in Ethics: Naturalism, Reasons, and Virtue."", http://www.jstor.org/stable/27504153)//st AND insight to moral philosophy; its import has yet fully to be appreciated. The standard is consistency with the cultivation of virtue.Impact Calc –~1~ There is a distinction between procedural and substantive actions. Procedural actions allow agents to engage under the framework to practice virtue while substantive offense is an unvirtuous action. Procedural offense comes first since A) Prereq – if it’s impossible to engage in the framework it’s impossible to generate a substantive ethical conclusion from it B) Magnitude – being incapable of generating ethical principles is an intrinsic wrong that infinitely violates all the ethical decisions that you would have made under the framework C) Character – virtues are a mindset to do the right thing so they must be realized, not forced. Agents must be able to cultivate their own virtues – if I force a person to never lie that won’t develop their character.~2~ Not consequentialist – A) Virtue is concerned with how actions change someone’s moral character, regardless of the consequences B) Consequences only evaluate the direct consequences of the action but not the way that it affects someone’s moral character. Virtues aren’t end goods like pain and pleasure – it’s not something that should be maximized all the time unconditionally, instead, agents should focus on developing a character that can use virtue appropriately.~3~ Consequences fail – A) Induction Fails – You only know induction works because past experiences have told you it has, but that is in itself a form of induction, so you use induction to prove induction – that’s circular B) Butterfly Effect – Every action has an infinite number of consequences that stem from it – me picking up a pen could cause nuclear war a hundred years down – you can’t quantify the infinite amount of pain and pleasure to come C) Aggregation fails – everyone has different feelings of pain and pleasure, so you can’t universalize that and say it’s good – it’s impossible to measure something that’s completely subjective D) Culpability – any consequence can lead to another consequence so it’s impossible to assign obligations since you can’t pinpoint a specific actor that caused a consequence. | 9/18/21 |
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