Lexington Wang Aff
| Tournament | Round | Opponent | Judge | Cites | Round Report | Open Source | Edit/Delete |
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| Duke Invitational | 2 | Montville NP | Tajaih Robinson |
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| Duke Invitational | 3 | Laurel KE | Conor OBrian |
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| Duke Invitational | 6 | Colorado OT | Zaid Umar |
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| Tournament | Round | Report |
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| Duke Invitational | 2 | Opponent: Montville NP | Judge: Tajaih Robinson 1AC - Kant |
| Duke Invitational | 3 | Opponent: Laurel KE | Judge: Conor OBrian AC - Traditional aff |
| Duke Invitational | 6 | Opponent: Colorado OT | Judge: Zaid Umar 1AC - Trad aff |
To modify or delete round reports, edit the associated round.
Cites
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0-Contact InfoTournament: X | Round: 1 | Opponent: x | Judge: x *Wiki cites are broken, check open source, message me if you need anything* | 10/2/21 |
SO - Traditional lay aff V2Tournament: Duke Invitational | Round: 6 | Opponent: Colorado OT | Judge: Zaid Umar 1AC Lay AFFI affirm the resolution, the member nations of the World Trade Organization ought to reduce intellectual property protections.I value moralityThe value criterion is Maximizing well being Prefer: 1~ Only pleasure and pain are intrinsically valuable – all other frameworks collapse.Moen 16 ~Ole Martin Moen, Research Fellow in Philosophy at University of Oslo "An Argument for Hedonism" Journal of Value Inquiry (Springer), 50 (2) 2016: 267–281~ TDI 2~ If everyone has equal value, the rational solution is to maximize the lives and pleasure of as many as possible. We are all fundamentally equal, meaning some must give way for the sake of others.3~ Actor specificity: A~ Governments must aggregate since every policy benefit some and harms others, which also means side constraints freeze action. B~ States lack wills or intentions since policies are collective actions. C~ Actor-specificity comes first since different agents have different ethical standings.4~ Uncertainty- if we're unsure about which interpretation of the world is true, we should preserve the world to keep debating about it, extinction first. Observation – the affirmative's obligation is to prove that as a whole, intellectual property protections for medicines are immoral. Even if there's one intellectual property that is good, so long as the affirmative proves that in general, IP are bad, that is sufficient to affirm. For example, if I say the statement that dogs make good pets indicating a husky is bad pet doesn't disprove the more holistic statement that dogs make good pets. PContention One: Covid MedicinesRich countries are blocking a WTO patent-waiver proposal necessary to boost global production of COVID vaccines.Meredith 21. ~(Sam Meredith is a Correspondent at CNBC in London, covering international politics, energy and business news) "Rich countries are refusing to waive the rights on Covid vaccines as global cases hit record levels," CNBC, April 22, 2021. https://www.cnbc.com/2021/04/22/covid-rich-countries-are-refusing-to-waive-ip-rights-on-vaccines.html~~ TDI The pandemic is raging through developing economies and inflicting loss on a horrific scale and prolongs economic hardships – timeframe is fast.Lindsey 21. ~(Brink Lindsey) "Why intellectual property and pandemics don't mix," Brookings Institution, June 3, 2021. https://www.brookings.edu/blog/up-front/2021/06/03/why-intellectual-property-and-pandemics-dont-mix/~~ TDI Critics of the IP waiver are wrong- it's the most effective way to combat covid inequality, alternatives failErfani et al, 21 Contention Two: EvergreeningInnovation is low and companies are repurposing drugs rather than actually innovating. We control uniqueness – Up to 80 of new patents are not for new drugs, but existing ones.AV 20 ("'Evergreening' Stunts Competition, Costs Consumers and Taxpayers." Arnold Ventures, Arnold Foundation, 24 Sept. 2020, www.arnoldventures.org/stories/evergreening-stunts-competition-costs-consumers-and-taxpayers/.)Lex AW ~Accessed 9/21/2021~ Reject Neg Turns – They're lies sold by Big pharma, the plan is pro-innovation not anti-patentsRadhakrishnan 16 Radhakrishnan , Priti. "Secondary Patent: Pharma's Secret Weapon to Keep Drug Prices High." STAT, 14 June Contention Three: Solves for Existential threatsInnovation is key to solving bioterror, infectious disease, and antimicrobial threats – the response to COVID-19 is the exception not the standard.Marjanovic and Feijao 20 Marjanovic, Sonja and Carolina Feijao, Pharmaceutical Innovation for Infectious Disease Management: From Troubleshooting to Sustainable Models of Engagement. Santa Monica, CA: RAND Corporation, 2020. https://www.rand.org/pubs/perspectives/PEA407-1.html.m** Sonja Marjanovic directs RAND Europe's portfolio of research in the field of healthcare innovation, industry and policy. She got her Ph.D., Judge Business School, University of Cambridge. Her work provides decisionmakers with evidence and insights to support innovation and improvement in healthcare systems, and to support the translation of innovation into societal benefits for healthcare services and population health. Previously, Marjanovic led RAND Europe's institutional partnership with The Healthcare Improvement Studies Institute at Cambridge University. She is also a member of the Cambridge Centre for Health Services Research and is an expert advisor on innovation to the NHS England and NHS Improvement cancer program. Carolina Feijao is an analyst working in the areas of science and emerging technology at RAND Europe. Previously, she worked for Frontiers, an Open Access scientific publisher, where she led the launch of and managed three peer-reviewed journals: Sustainable Food Systems, Forests and Global Change and Sustainable Cities. She gained experience in policy making through a placement at DEFRA and she has been a research associate for GenPol, a Cambridge-based think tank focusing on gender equality issues. She also participated in the Management of Technology and Innovation Programme at Cambridge Judge Business School and carried out consulting projects ranging from market entry strategies for a plant breeding company to pitching a business proposal on innovative wound dressing products. Feijao has a Ph.D. in biochemistry from the University of Cambridge, focused on crop biomass breakdown technologies for the bioenergy and food industries. She also has a M.Sc. in quantitative biology from Imperial College London where she worked on statistical models to assess the sustainability and economic feasibility of reptile meat production. She completed a B.Sc. in cellular biology and biotechnology at the University of Lisbon. Bioterror and Disease leads to extinction – Mathematically proves magnitude ought to be weighed over probability.Millett and Snyder-Beattie 17 Millett, Piers, and Andrew Snyder-Beattie. "Existential Risk and Cost-Effective Biosecurity." Health security vol. 15,4 (2017): 373-383. doi:10.1089/hs.2017.0028. Andrew leads Open Philanthropy's work on biosecurity and pandemic preparedness. He previously spent five years at the Future o Humanity Institute (University of Oxford), where he worked as a program manager and later as Director of Research, developing programs across the institute including those in biosecurity and systemic risk. Prior to that, he was a researcher at a personalized medicine startup. He holds a PhD/DPhil in Zoology from the University of Oxford and is an alumnus of the Johns Hopkins Emerging Leaders in Biosecurity Initiative. Piers Millett is a Senior Research Fellow at the Future of Humanity Institute, where he focuses on pandemic and deliberate disease and the implications of biotechnology. Piers consults for the World Health Organization on research and development for public health emergencies. He spent more than a decade working for the Biological Weapons Convention, the international treaty that bans these weapons. He has collaborated with a wide range of international organizations dealing with human and animal health, humanitarian emergencies and International Humanitarian Law, law enforcement, international security. Piers holds advanced degrees in science policy, research methodology and international security. He has authored a wide range of policy, technical and peer reviewed documents across the full scope of health security and is a regular speaker at conferences, workshops and seminars around the world. | 10/16/21 |
SO - Traditionallay affTournament: Duke Invitational | Round: 3 | Opponent: Laurel KE | Judge: Conor OBrian Thus I affirm the resolution Resolved – Member nations of the world trade organization ought to reduce intellectual property protections for medicines.My value is morality as per the word ought in the resolutionMy value criterion is maximizing expected wellbeing1~ If everyone has equal value, the rational solution is to maximize the lives and pleasure of as many as possible. We are all fundamentally equal, meaning some must give way for the sake of others.2~ Actor specificity: A~ Governments must aggregate since every policy benefit some and harms others, which also means side constraints freeze action. B~ States lack wills or intentions since policies are collective actions. C~ Actor-specificity comes first since different agents have different ethical standings.3~ Uncertainty- if we're unsure about which interpretation of the world is true, we should preserve the world to keep debating about it, extinction first. Observation – the affirmative's obligation is to prove that as a whole, intellectual property protections for medicines are immoral. Even if there's one intellectual property that is good, so long as the affirmative proves that in general, IP are bad, that is sufficient to affirm. For example, if I say the statement that dogs make good pets indicating a dog that is bad pet doesn't disprove the more holistic statement that dogs make good pets.Contention 1 – Vaccine InequalityThe status quo ensures vaccine imperialism. Intellectual property law is the lynchpin of North-South health inequality and has empirically resulted in disparate life outcomes.Vanni 21 – Dr. Amaka Vanni is Lecturer in Law at the University of Leeds. ("On Intellectual Property Rights, Access to Medicines and Vaccine Imperialism," 3-23-2021, https://twailr.com/on-intellectual-property-rights-access-to-medicines-and-vaccine-imperialism/) julian This means COVID and future pandemics will reproduce untenable working conditions and racialized and classed life outcomes.Sell 20 – Susan K. Sell is a Professor of Political Science and International Affairs at George Washington University. ("What COVID 19 Reveals About Twenty First Century Capitalism: Adversity and Opportunity," pg. 152-153) julian The pandemic is raging through developing economies and inflicting loss on a horrific scale and prolongs economic hardships – timeframe is fast.Lindsey 21. ~(Brink Lindsey) "Why intellectual property and pandemics don't mix," Brookings Institution, June 3, 2021. https://www.brookings.edu/blog/up-front/2021/06/03/why-intellectual-property-and-pandemics-dont-mix/~~ TDI The plan reverse casually ensures the reduction of vaccine imperialism.Vanni 21 – Dr. Amaka Vanni is Lecturer in Law at the University of Leeds. ("On Intellectual Property Rights, Access to Medicines and Vaccine Imperialism," 3-23-2021, https://twailr.com/on-intellectual-property-rights-access-to-medicines-and-vaccine-imperialism/) julian Contention 2 – InsulinUS insulin prices are skyrocketing – lifesaving drugs for patients with diabetes are becoming more unaffordable.Rajkumar 20 ~S. Vincent Rajkumar, "The High Cost of Insulin in the United States: An Urgent Call to Action," Mayo Clinic Proceedings, vol. 95, no. 1, Jan. 2020, pp. 22-28. Rajkumar, MD, is Consultant at the Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine at the Mayo Clinic.~ CHSTM recut Lex VM As a consequence there has been a surge in diabetes related deaths.Terhune et al 8/12 ~Chad Terhune, Robin Respaut, Deborah J. Nelson, "Special Report-How the pandemic laid bare America's diabetes crisis", U.S., 8-12-2021, https://www.reuters.com/article/us-usa-diabetes-covid-specialreport/special-report-how-the-pandemic-laid-bare-americas-diabetes-crisis-idUSKBN2FD13Q, accessed: 9-9-2021.~ Lex VM Generic competition arises as a patent expires – evergreening and stacked patents on Insulin delays it which drastically raises prices.Christensen 20 ~Connor Christensen, "The Evergreen Forests of Insulin Patents", Awakenwfu, The Creative Journal of Contemporary Bioethics, 9-14-2020, https://awakenwfu.com/2020/09/14/the-evergreen-forests-of-insulin-patents/, accessed: 9-7-2021.~ CHSTM and Lex VM Reducing IP Rights on insulin medicines allows for equal access and reduces pricesChristensen 20 ~Connor Christensen, "The Evergreen Forests of Insulin Patents", Awakenwfu, The Creative Journal of Contemporary Bioethics, 9-14-2020, https://awakenwfu.com/2020/09/14/the-evergreen-forests-of-insulin-patents/, accessed: 9-7-2021.~ CHSTM and Lex VM Contention Three: Solves for Existential threatsInnovation is key to solving bioterror, infectious disease, and antimicrobial threats – the response to COVID-19 is the exception not the standard. We control Innovation not negMarjanovic and Feijao 20 Marjanovic, Sonja and Carolina Feijao, Pharmaceutical Innovation for Infectious Disease Management: From Troubleshooting to Sustainable Models of Engagement. Santa Monica, CA: RAND Corporation, 2020. https://www.rand.org/pubs/perspectives/PEA407-1.html.m** Sonja Marjanovic directs RAND Europe's portfolio of research in the field of healthcare innovation, industry and policy. She got her Ph.D., Judge Business School, University of Cambridge. Her work provides decisionmakers with evidence and insights to support innovation and improvement in healthcare systems, and to support the translation of innovation into societal benefits for healthcare services and population health. Previously, Marjanovic led RAND Europe's institutional partnership with The Healthcare Improvement Studies Institute at Cambridge University. She is also a member of the Cambridge Centre for Health Services Research and is an expert advisor on innovation to the NHS England and NHS Improvement cancer program. Carolina Feijao is an analyst working in the areas of science and emerging technology at RAND Europe. Previously, she worked for Frontiers, an Open Access scientific publisher, where she led the launch of and managed three peer-reviewed journals: Sustainable Food Systems, Forests and Global Change and Sustainable Cities. She gained experience in policy making through a placement at DEFRA and she has been a research associate for GenPol, a Cambridge-based think tank focusing on gender equality issues. She also participated in the Management of Technology and Innovation Programme at Cambridge Judge Business School and carried out consulting projects ranging from market entry strategies for a plant breeding company to pitching a business proposal on innovative wound dressing products. Feijao has a Ph.D. in biochemistry from the University of Cambridge, focused on crop biomass breakdown technologies for the bioenergy and food industries. She also has a M.Sc. in quantitative biology from Imperial College London where she worked on statistical models to assess the sustainability and economic feasibility of reptile meat production. She completed a B.Sc. in cellular biology and biotechnology at the University of Lisbon. Bioterror and Disease leads to extinction – Mathematically proves magnitude ought to be weighed over probability.Millett and Snyder-Beattie 17 Millett, Piers, and Andrew Snyder-Beattie. "Existential Risk and Cost-Effective Biosecurity." Health security vol. 15,4 (2017): 373-383. doi:10.1089/hs.2017.0028. Andrew leads Open Philanthropy's work on biosecurity and pandemic preparedness. He previously spent five years at the Future o Humanity Institute (University of Oxford), where he worked as a program manager and later as Director of Research, developing programs across the institute including those in biosecurity and systemic risk. Prior to that, he was a researcher at a personalized medicine startup. He holds a PhD/DPhil in Zoology from the University of Oxford and is an alumnus of the Johns Hopkins Emerging Leaders in Biosecurity Initiative. Piers Millett is a Senior Research Fellow at the Future of Humanity Institute, where he focuses on pandemic and deliberate disease and the implications of biotechnology. Piers consults for the World Health Organization on research and development for public health emergencies. He spent more than a decade working for the Biological Weapons Convention, the international treaty that bans these weapons. He has collaborated with a wide range of international organizations dealing with human and animal health, humanitarian emergencies and International Humanitarian Law, law enforcement, international security. Piers holds advanced degrees in science policy, research methodology and international security. He has authored a wide range of policy, technical and peer reviewed documents across the full scope of health security and is a regular speaker at conferences, workshops and seminars around the world. | 10/2/21 |
Open Source
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10/2/21 | aurorawang23@gmailcom |
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10/2/21 | aurorawang23@gmailcom |
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10/16/21 | aurorawang23@gmailcom |
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