Lexington The Neg
| Tournament | Round | Opponent | Judge | Cites | Round Report | Open Source | Edit/Delete |
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| 48th Annual Harvard National Forensics Tournament | 1 | Prospect ST | Joshua Porter |
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| 48th Annual Harvard National Forensics Tournament | 3 | South Eugene Independent KS | Michael Kurian |
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| Any | 1 | Any | Any |
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| Apple Valley MinneApple Debate Tournament | 1 | Strake Jesuit MS | Phoenix Pittman |
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| Apple Valley MinneApple Debate Tournament | 4 | Dwight Englewood EK | Saianurag Karavadi |
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| Apple Valley MinneApple Debate Tournament | 6 | Loveless Academic Magnet Program RR | Fabrice Etienne |
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| Apple Valley MinneApple Debate Tournament | Doubles | Harrison AA | Lila Lavender, Jacob Palmer, Pratham Soni |
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| Barkley Forum For High Schools | 2 | Peninsula AL | Tyler Wood |
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| Barkley Forum For High Schools | 3 | Harrison AC | Nathan Frenkel |
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| Barkley Forum For High Schools | 5 | Harvard Westlake MT | Madeleine Conrad-Mogin |
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| Barkley Forum For High Schools | Triples | Bronx Science NK | Becca Traber, Phoenix Pittman, Yoyo Lei |
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| Barkley Forum For High Schools | Doubles | Sage MP | Gordon Krauss, Sreyaash Das, Vidya Reddy |
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| Florida Blue Key Speech and Debate Tournament | 6 | Carnegie Vanguard SR | Sanjana Bhatnagar |
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| Florida Blue Key Speech and Debate Tournament | 3 | Strake Jesuit MS | Abhilash Datti |
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| Florida Blue Key Speech and Debate Tournament | Quarters | Strake Jesuit VM | Meera Sehgal, Rohith Sudhakar, Amadea Datel |
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| Florida Blue Key Speech and Debate Tournament | 1 | Monta Vista KR | Jayanne Forrest |
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| Greenhill Fall Classic | 1 | Harvard Westlake IC | Alex Dumas |
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| Greenhill Fall Classic | 3 | Harker DS | Matt Moorhead |
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| Greenhill Fall Classic | 5 | Westwood AG | Chris Castillo |
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| Mid America Cup | 2 | Strake Jesuit VC | Aryan Jasani |
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| Mid America Cup | 4 | Loyola LR | Sam Anderson |
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| Mid America Cup | 6 | Princeton VC | Stephen Scopa |
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| New York City Invitational Debate And Speech Tournament | 2 | Scarsdale DH | Conal Thomas-McGinnis |
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| New York City Invitational Debate And Speech Tournament | 3 | American Heritage Broward JA | Andrew Shaw |
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| New York City Invitational Debate And Speech Tournament | 5 | Lake Highland Prep AB | Maggie Eby |
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| New York City Invitational Debate And Speech Tournament | Doubles | Holy Cross ND | Sesh Joe, Nikhil Pisolkar, Emily Jackson |
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| Tournament | Round | Report |
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| 48th Annual Harvard National Forensics Tournament | 1 | Opponent: Prospect ST | Judge: Joshua Porter AC - Kant |
| 48th Annual Harvard National Forensics Tournament | 3 | Opponent: South Eugene Independent KS | Judge: Michael Kurian AC - China |
| Apple Valley MinneApple Debate Tournament | 1 | Opponent: Strake Jesuit MS | Judge: Phoenix Pittman AC - Ripstein |
| Apple Valley MinneApple Debate Tournament | 4 | Opponent: Dwight Englewood EK | Judge: Saianurag Karavadi AC - US Big Tech |
| Apple Valley MinneApple Debate Tournament | 6 | Opponent: Loveless Academic Magnet Program RR | Judge: Fabrice Etienne AC - Womens Rights |
| Apple Valley MinneApple Debate Tournament | Doubles | Opponent: Harrison AA | Judge: Lila Lavender, Jacob Palmer, Pratham Soni AC - Equality |
| Barkley Forum For High Schools | 2 | Opponent: Peninsula AL | Judge: Tyler Wood AC - Mining |
| Barkley Forum For High Schools | 3 | Opponent: Harrison AC | Judge: Nathan Frenkel AC - Afro-orientalism |
| Barkley Forum For High Schools | 5 | Opponent: Harvard Westlake MT | Judge: Madeleine Conrad-Mogin AC - Capitalism |
| Barkley Forum For High Schools | Triples | Opponent: Bronx Science NK | Judge: Becca Traber, Phoenix Pittman, Yoyo Lei AC - Heidegger |
| Barkley Forum For High Schools | Doubles | Opponent: Sage MP | Judge: Gordon Krauss, Sreyaash Das, Vidya Reddy AC - LEO Satellites |
| Florida Blue Key Speech and Debate Tournament | 6 | Opponent: Carnegie Vanguard SR | Judge: Sanjana Bhatnagar AC - China |
| Florida Blue Key Speech and Debate Tournament | 3 | Opponent: Strake Jesuit MS | Judge: Abhilash Datti AC - Kant |
| Florida Blue Key Speech and Debate Tournament | Quarters | Opponent: Strake Jesuit VM | Judge: Meera Sehgal, Rohith Sudhakar, Amadea Datel AC - Courts |
| Florida Blue Key Speech and Debate Tournament | 1 | Opponent: Monta Vista KR | Judge: Jayanne Forrest AC - US Farm Workers |
| Greenhill Fall Classic | 1 | Opponent: Harvard Westlake IC | Judge: Alex Dumas AC - Covid |
| Greenhill Fall Classic | 3 | Opponent: Harker DS | Judge: Matt Moorhead AC - EU Trade Secrets |
| Greenhill Fall Classic | 5 | Opponent: Westwood AG | Judge: Chris Castillo AC - Biocolonialism |
| Mid America Cup | 2 | Opponent: Strake Jesuit VC | Judge: Aryan Jasani AC - Korsgaard |
| Mid America Cup | 4 | Opponent: Loyola LR | Judge: Sam Anderson AC - Vaccines |
| Mid America Cup | 6 | Opponent: Princeton VC | Judge: Stephen Scopa AC - Deleuze NCM |
| New York City Invitational Debate And Speech Tournament | 2 | Opponent: Scarsdale DH | Judge: Conal Thomas-McGinnis AC - Kant |
| New York City Invitational Debate And Speech Tournament | 3 | Opponent: American Heritage Broward JA | Judge: Andrew Shaw AC - Semiocap |
| New York City Invitational Debate And Speech Tournament | 5 | Opponent: Lake Highland Prep AB | Judge: Maggie Eby AC - Data Exclusivity |
| New York City Invitational Debate And Speech Tournament | Doubles | Opponent: Holy Cross ND | Judge: Sesh Joe, Nikhil Pisolkar, Emily Jackson AC - Black Fem Necropolitics Nihilism |
To modify or delete round reports, edit the associated round.
Cites
| Entry | Date |
|---|---|
0 - ContactTournament: Any | Round: 1 | Opponent: Any | Judge: Any You can contact me by: Feel free to message me if you have any questions, requests, or concerns | 10/25/21 |
0 - DisclosureTournament: Any | Round: 1 | Opponent: Any | Judge: Any Interpretation: The affirmative must disclose the advocacy/plan text and framing text if they break new when pairings are released or at coin flip. If the debate occurs during flight 2 disclosure should occur at least 30 minutes before the round. Interp: At bid distributing tournaments, debaters must disclose round reports on the 2021-22 NDCA LD wiki for every round they have debated this season. Round reports disclose which positions (AC, NC, K, T, Theory, etc.) were read/gone for in every speech. Interpretation: At bid distributing tournaments, debaters must disclose all constructive positions on open source with highlighting on the 2021-22 NDCA LD wiki after the round in which they read them. The disclosure must occur within 30 minutes after the round. If there is something you don’t want to disclose for personal reasons there should be a note and it may be omitted. Interp: Debaters must disclose tournaments on the 2021-22 NDCA LD wiki under the actual name of the tournament on tabroom for every round at said tournament. To clarify- when you look up the tournament name from the wiki on tab, the entry must pop up Interpretation: debaters must disclose disclosure interps Interpretation: If a debater reads a word PIK they must disclose it on the 2021-22 NDCA LD Wiki before the round it is read in. Interpretation: Debaters must put their opponent’s name or initials and school code as displayed on tabroom when disclosing a round on the 2021-22 NDCA ld wiki. Interpretation: Debaters must put their Judge’s full name as displayed on tabroom when disclosing a round on the 2021-22 NDCA ld wiki. | 10/25/21 |
0 - NavigationTournament: Any | Round: 1 | Opponent: Any | Judge: Any SO - September/October Topic | 10/25/21 |
1 - K - PsychoanalysisTournament: New York City Invitational Debate And Speech Tournament | Round: Doubles | Opponent: Holy Cross ND | Judge: Sesh Joe, Nikhil Pisolkar, Emily Jackson | 10/17/21 |
1 - ROB - Truth Testing v1Tournament: Greenhill Fall Classic | Round: 5 | Opponent: Westwood AG | Judge: Chris Castillo The role of the ballot and RoJ is to determine whether the resolution is a true or false statement– anything else moots 7 minutes of the nc – other frameworks collapse since you must say it is true.Theory is coherent and all offense links as long as it proves the resolution true or false.Prefer,1~ Constituitivism – The topic is given to us to debate by the topic comitee and five dictionaries define to negate as to deny the truth of and affirm as to prove true. These are the only roles we have going into the round which means the judge only has the jurisdiction to vote on arguments that prove the truth or falsity of the resolution.2~ Inclusion – Any offense functions under truth testing but hyperspecific RoBs exclude all other discussion and hurt underpriveledged debaters that don't have the resources to engage in those arguments. | 9/19/21 |
JF - CP - Ban SatellitesTournament: Barkley Forum For High Schools | Round: Doubles | Opponent: Sage MP | Judge: Gordon Krauss, Sreyaash Das, Vidya Reddy CP: States should ban all satellites launched by private entities in the LEO by declaring all satellites violate appropriation.Perm severs out of enforcement they say appropriation is about orbits, Virgiliu pop no date~Virgiliu Pop, xx-xx-xxxx, "Appropriation in outer space: the relationship between land ownership and sovereignty on the celestial bodies", No Publication, https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0265964600000370, date accessed 1-15-2022~ Lex AT Satellite constellations are groups of satellites, Hainaut No Date~Olivier R .Hainaut, xx-xx-xxxx, "Large Satellite Constellations and their Impact on Astronomy", No Publication, https://www.eso.org/~~ohainaut/satellites/, date accessed 1-29-2022~ Lex AT One satellite is still profitable and triggers internet stuff, Paul 21~Trey Paul, 12-28-2021, "Best Satellite Internet Providers of 2022", CNET, https://www.cnet.com/home/internet/best-satellite-internet/, date accessed 1-29-2022~ Lex AT Solves the aff better because otherwise ppl can just launch individual satellites in the LEO or groups of 10 satellites which would circumvent all of their impacts. | 1/30/22 |
JF - CP - Ban Space ExplorationTournament: Barkley Forum For High Schools | Round: 5 | Opponent: Harvard Westlake MT | Judge: Madeleine Conrad-Mogin CP Text: States should ban space exploration and space colonization writ large.Solves propaganda stuff. | 1/29/22 |
JF - CP - ChinaTournament: 48th Annual Harvard National Forensics Tournament | Round: 3 | Opponent: South Eugene Independent KS | Judge: Michael Kurian Counterplan Text: the People's Republic of China should:ban ASAT use, development, deployment, and researchformally end its alliance with Russia and cease covert cooperationBan the placement of weapons in outer space that take out satellites. | 2/19/22 |
JF - CP - Public Trust DoctrineTournament: 48th Annual Harvard National Forensics Tournament | Round: 1 | Opponent: Prospect ST | Judge: Joshua Porter Counterplan: States ought to establish a governing authority to distribute property to private entities as outlined in Babcock 21.That solves state of nature and property, | 2/19/22 |
JF - CP - ViasatTournament: Barkley Forum For High Schools | Round: 3 | Opponent: Harrison AC | Judge: Nathan Frenkel Counterplan: The appropriation of outer space by private entities except for Viasat is unjustViasat boosts Indigenous economies.SBS 1/12 ~Indigenous Australians to lead space industry at new Alice Springs earth ground station, https://www.sbs.com.au/news/indigenous-australians-to-lead-space-industry-at-new-alice-springs-earth-ground-station/b35811cc-1ecb-4a90-9be2-d6c1f4486e3b, Jan 12 2022, SBS News~ ~SS~ Indigenous led economics solve warming.Swiderska '21 ~Here's why Indigenous economics is the key to saving nature, https://www.iied.org/heres-why-indigenous-economics-key-saving-nature, Krystyna Swiderska, April 13 2021~ ~SS~ Warming hurts marginalized individuals the most – only the elite are able to afford to survive in a world with warming where countries in Africa get screwed over, in a world with scarce resources only the rich can afford to live. | 1/28/22 |
JF - DA - CCPTournament: 48th Annual Harvard National Forensics Tournament | Round: 3 | Opponent: South Eugene Independent KS | Judge: Michael Kurian Xi's regime is stable now, but its success depends on strong growth and private sector development.Mitter and Johnson 21 ~Rana Mitter and Elsbeth Johnson, Rana Mitter is a professor of the history and politics of modern China at Oxford. Elsbeth Johnson, formerly the strategy director for Prudential PLC's Asian business, is a senior lecturer at MIT's Sloan School of Management and the founder of SystemShift, a consulting firm. May-June 2021, "What the West Gets Wrong About China," Harvard Business Review, https://hbr.org/2021/05/what-the-west-gets-wrong-about-china accessed 12/14/21~ Adam Crossapply 1AC Patel, Xi has committed to the commercial space industry as the linchpin of China's rise – the plan is seen as a complete 180Loss of stability causes the CCP to escalate tensions and lash out – uniquely threatens Taiwan.Blumenthal and Urda 9/28 ~09-28-20, Dan Blumenthal, Jakob Urda, The National Interest, "China's aggressive tactics aim to bolster the Communist Party's legitimacy", https://www.aei.org/articles/chinas-aggressive-tactics-aim-to-bolster-the-communist-partys-legitimacy/, Jakob Urda is a Masters Student at Georgetown University and research specialist at a technology consultancy. He has previously worked at the Chicago Project on Security and Threats and studied in the Institute for the Study of War's War Studies Program. Dan Blumenthal is the director of Asian Studies at the American Enterprise Institute and the author of the forthcoming book The China Nightmare: the Grand Ambitions of a Decaying State (AEI Press, November 17, 2020~ Lex AKu Attempts at Taiwan cause US draw in, even during declineBernstein 20 Richard Bernstein 8-17-2020, "The Scary War Game Over Taiwan That the U.S. Loses Again and Again," No Publication, https://www.realclearinvestigations.com/articles/2020/08/17/the_scary_war_game_over_taiwan_that_the_us_loses_again_and_again_124836.html mvp US-China war goes nuclearTalmadge 18, Caitlin ~PoliSci PhD from MIT, Government BA from Harvard, Prof of Security Studies at Georgetown's Walsh School of Foreign Service.~ "Beijing's Nuclear Option." Foreign Affairs. October 15, 2018. https://www.foreignaffairs.com/articles/china/2018-10-15/beijings-nuclear-option TG | 2/19/22 |
JF - DA - InnovationTournament: Barkley Forum For High Schools | Round: Triples | Opponent: Bronx Science NK | Judge: Becca Traber, Phoenix Pittman, Yoyo Lei Space Commercialization drives Tech Innovation in the Status Quo – it provides a unique impetus.Hampson 17 Joshua Hampson 1-25-2017 "The Future of Space Commercialization" https://republicans-science.house.gov/sites/republicans.science.house.gov/files/documents/TheFutureofSpaceCommercializationFinal.pdf (Security Studies Fellow at the Niskanen Center)Elmer Strong Innovation solves Extinction.Matthews 18 Dylan Matthews 10-26-2018 "How to help people millions of years from now" https://www.vox.com/future-perfect/2018/10/26/18023366/far-future-effective-altruism-existential-risk-doing-good (Co-founder of Vox, citing Nick Beckstead @ Rutgers University)Re-cut by Elmer Extinction.Specktor 19 ~Brandon; writes about the science of everyday life for Live Science, and previously for Reader's Digest magazine, where he served as an editor for five years; "Human Civilization Will Crumble by 2050 If We Don't Stop Climate Change Now, New Paper Claims," livescience, 6/4/19; https://www.livescience.com/65633-climate-change-dooms-humans-by-2050.html~~ Justin | 1/29/22 |
JF - DA - MiningTournament: Barkley Forum For High Schools | Round: 2 | Opponent: Peninsula AL | Judge: Tyler Wood Commercial asteroid mining is coming now – lower costs and improving tech make it economically viable – and the legal basis is already in place in multiple countriesGilbert, PhD student in space resources at the Colorado School of Mines, writes in 21 alex gilbert, is a complex systems researcher and a PhD student in space resources at the Colorado School of Mines. "Mining in Space Is Coming." Milken Institute Review, April 26, 2021, www.milkenreview.org/articles/mining-in-space-is-coming. ~Quality Control~ However, the legal framework that strikes the best balance of providing economic incentives for mining while preventing unbeneficial land claims requires a doctrine of appropriation – the plan prevents thatMeyers 15 Meyers, Ross. J.D. candidate at the University of Oregon Law School. "The doctrine of appropriation and asteroid mining: incentivizing the private exploration and development of outer space." Or. Rev. Int'l L. 17 (2015): 183. Italics in original. ~Quality Control~ Asteroid mining offsets terrestrial growth that ruins the environment and enables solar power satellites – both solve climate changeTaylor 19 Chris Taylor is a veteran journalist. Previously senior news writer for Time.com a year later. In 2000, he was named San Francisco bureau chief for Time magazine. He has served as senior editor for Business 2.0, West Coast editor for Fortune Small Business and West Coast web editor for Fast Company. Chris is a graduate of Merton College, Oxford and the Columbia University Graduate School of Journalism. "How asteroid mining will save the Earth — and mint trillionaires." Mashable, 2019, mashable.com/feature/asteroid-mining-space-economy. ~Quality Control~ Asteroid mining solves rare earth metal depletion – prevents tech stagnation and unsustainable resource extractionMitchell 20 Robin Mitchell is an electronic engineer who has been involved in electronics since the age of 13. After completing a BEng at the University of Warwick, Robin moved into the field of online content creation developing articles. "How might asteroid mining be key to electronics future?" 28-09-2020, www.electropages.com/blog/2020/09/how-might-asteroid-mining-be-key-electronics-future. ~Quality Control~ Both of those cause extinctionBell 19 Aidan Bell is the co-founder of EnviroBuild, a sustainable building materials company based in London. PhD from Manchester in Inorganic Chemistry. "The Conflict of Tech Innovation and Sustainability." TechNative, 22 Jan. 2019, technative.io/the-conflict-of-tech-innovation-and-sustainability. ~Quality Control~ | 1/28/22 |
JF - DA - Mining v2Tournament: Barkley Forum For High Schools | Round: 3 | Opponent: Harrison AC | Judge: Nathan Frenkel Commercial asteroid mining is coming now – lower costs and improving tech make it economically viable – and the legal basis is already in place in multiple countriesGilbert, PhD student in space resources at the Colorado School of Mines, writes in 21 alex gilbert, is a complex systems researcher and a PhD student in space resources at the Colorado School of Mines. "Mining in Space Is Coming." Milken Institute Review, April 26, 2021, www.milkenreview.org/articles/mining-in-space-is-coming. ~Quality Control~ However, the legal framework that strikes the best balance of providing economic incentives for mining while preventing unbeneficial land claims requires a doctrine of appropriation – the plan prevents thatMeyers 15 Meyers, Ross. J.D. candidate at the University of Oregon Law School. "The doctrine of appropriation and asteroid mining: incentivizing the private exploration and development of outer space." Or. Rev. Int'l L. 17 (2015): 183. Italics in original. ~Quality Control~ Asteroid mining offsets terrestrial growth that ruins the environment and enables solar power satellites – both solve climate changeTaylor 19 Chris Taylor is a veteran journalist. Previously senior news writer for Time.com a year later. In 2000, he was named San Francisco bureau chief for Time magazine. He has served as senior editor for Business 2.0, West Coast editor for Fortune Small Business and West Coast web editor for Fast Company. Chris is a graduate of Merton College, Oxford and the Columbia University Graduate School of Journalism. "How asteroid mining will save the Earth — and mint trillionaires." Mashable, 2019, mashable.com/feature/asteroid-mining-space-economy. ~Quality Control~ Asteroid mining solves rare earth metal depletion – prevents tech stagnation and unsustainable resource extractionMitchell 20 Robin Mitchell is an electronic engineer who has been involved in electronics since the age of 13. After completing a BEng at the University of Warwick, Robin moved into the field of online content creation developing articles. "How might asteroid mining be key to electronics future?" 28-09-2020, www.electropages.com/blog/2020/09/how-might-asteroid-mining-be-key-electronics-future. ~Quality Control~ Both of those cause extinctionBell 19 Aidan Bell is the co-founder of EnviroBuild, a sustainable building materials company based in London. PhD from Manchester in Inorganic Chemistry. "The Conflict of Tech Innovation and Sustainability." TechNative, 22 Jan. 2019, technative.io/the-conflict-of-tech-innovation-and-sustainability. ~Quality Control~ Space's lack of inhabitants and ecological problems solves the vast majority of their criticism – but it segregates the capitalists from ruining Earth and generates enough resources to make the planet's surface into a Communist utopiaTaylor 19 Chris Taylor is a veteran journalist. Previously senior news writer for Time.com a year later. In 2000, he was named San Francisco bureau chief for Time magazine. He has served as senior editor for Business 2.0, West Coast editor for Fortune Small Business and West Coast web editor for Fast Company. Chris is a graduate of Merton College, Oxford and the Columbia University Graduate School of Journalism. "How asteroid mining will save the Earth — and mint trillionaires." Mashable, 2019, mashable.com/feature/asteroid-mining-space-economy. ~Quality Control~ | 1/28/22 |
JF - DA - PoliticsTournament: Barkley Forum For High Schools | Round: 2 | Opponent: Peninsula AL | Judge: Tyler Wood Appropriations pass now but floor time and bipartisanship are key, Folley 1-26~Aris Folley, 1-26-2022, "Fiscal spending deadline nears while lawmakers face pressure to strike deal", TheHill, https://thehill.com/homenews/senate/591375-fiscal-spending-deadline-nears-while-lawmakers-face-pressure-to-strike-deal, date accessed 1-26-2022~ Lex AT Large President-led national space policies incite immense partisan backlash that spills over to kill the entire political agendaDreier 16 ~Casey Dreier, Chief Advocate and Senior Space Policy Adviser for The Planetary Society, April 13, 2016. "Does Presidential Intervention Undermine Consensus for NASA?" https://www.planetary.org/blogs/casey-dreier/2016/0413-does-a-strong-president-help-or-hurt-consensus-on-NASA.html~~ CR stopgap ruins UAVs for decades—that undermines strategic competitionWynne 1/14 ~Brian Wynne, Federal Aviation Administration's Drone Advisory Committee and Management Advisory Council, "A yearlong continuing resolution will hinder unmanned systems integration", 1/14/22, https://www.defensenews.com/opinion/commentary/2022/01/14/a-yearlong-continuing-resolution-will-hinder-unmanned-systems-integration/~~ That causes nuclear war with Russia and chinaKroenig and Gopalaswamy 18, *Associate Professor of Government and Foreign Service at Georgetown University and Deputy Director for Strategy in the Scowcroft Center for Strategy and Security at the Atlantic Council. Director of the South Asia Center at the Atlantic Council. He holds a PhD in mechanical engineering with a specialization in numerical acoustics from Trinity College, Dublin. (Matthew and Bharath, 11-12-2018, "Will disruptive technology cause nuclear war?", Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists, https://thebulletin.org/2018/11/will-disruptive-technology-cause-nuclear-war/) | 1/28/22 |
JF - DA - Space DeterrenceTournament: Barkley Forum For High Schools | Round: 5 | Opponent: Harvard Westlake MT | Judge: Madeleine Conrad-Mogin Space Commercialization is key to Space Deterrence – Commercial Flexibility is key to deterrence by denial.Klein 19, John J. Understanding space strategy: the art of war in space. Routledge, 2019. (a Senior Fellow and Strategist at Falcon Research, Inc. and Adjunct Professor at George Washington University's Space Policy Institute)Elmer Space Deterrence Breakdowns causes War and Extinction.Parker 17 Clifton Parker 1-24-2017 "Deterrence in space key to U.S. security" https://cisac.fsi.stanford.edu/news/deterrence-space-key-us-security (Policy Analyst at the Stanford Center for International Security and Cooperation)Elmer Nuke war results in extinctionStarr 14 Steven Starr, the Senior Scientist for Physicians for Social Responsibility and Director of the Clinical Laboratory Science Program at the University of Missouri. Starr has published in the Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists and the Strategic Arms Reduction (STAR) website of the Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, June 11th, 2014, "There Can be No Winners in a Nuclear War", Truth Out, https://truthout.org/articles/there-can-be-no-winners-in-a-nuclear-war/ RW | 1/29/22 |
JF - DA - StarlinkTournament: Barkley Forum For High Schools | Round: Doubles | Opponent: Sage MP | Judge: Gordon Krauss, Sreyaash Das, Vidya Reddy Starlink key to global broadbandMenon 21 ~Arun Menon Sep 8, 2021 08, "SpaceX's Starlink kickstarts a satellite broadband market that could disrupt telecom — Menon," Fierce Telecom, https://www.fiercetelecom.com/telecom/spacex-s-starlink-kickstarts-a-satellite-broadband-market-could-disrupt-telecom-menon accessed 12/19/21~ Adam ====Broadband is critical to American agriculture.==== Great power war.John Castellaw 17. 36-year veteran of the U.S. Marine Corps and the Founder and CEO of Farmspace Systems LLC, "Opinion: Food Security Strategy Is Essential to Our National Security," 5/1/17, https://www.agri-pulse.com/articles/9203-opinion-food-security-strategy-is-essential-to-our-national-security | 1/30/22 |
JF - NC - DeterminismTournament: 48th Annual Harvard National Forensics Tournament | Round: 1 | Opponent: Prospect ST | Judge: Joshua Porter Permissibility and presumption Negate,1~ unjust implies a prohibition but permissibility is a lack of prohibition which means the neg met their burden of disproving the aff.2~ Safety – It's ethically safer to presume the squo since we know what the squo is but we can't know whether the aff will be good or not if ethics are incoherent.3~ Probability – theres infinite ways to disprove the statement this pen is red is false but only one way to prove it true.The standard is consistency with determinism.1~ Thermodynamics – The first law of thermodynamics states energy can neither be created nor destroyed, only converted. Thus, free will, which comes from nothing, can't translate into physical action.2~ Biology – Every organism has controlled responses to stimuli because of its inherited genes and environment. That applies to humans, i.e. when we cut onions we cry.3~ Physiology – You can always ask why did you take that action? Which would be infinitely regressive. Thus, the only solution is our actions are just complex sets of reflexes. That outweighs, simplest solutions are more likely to be true since theres less room for mistake.4~ Causation – Every effect has a cause by definition, thus free will, which has no cause is illogical.5~ Sociology – Every year, statisticians accurately predict the number of people who get married the next year. This type of data can only be explained through determinism since it shows human behavior is predetermined.6~ Ethics - All frameworks with a bindingness or motivation claim necessitate determinism since that framework would say in a given situation a moral agent must/will act in a specific way. If they deny this justification, it proves their framework triggers permissibility since it's escapable and can't guide action.7~ Arbitrariness – if determinism is false then you imply that human acts are random since they aren't based on any previous cause. Ethics can't be arbitrary because otherwise it wouldn't guide action since anything is permissible.8~ The best neuroscientific, psychological, and medical evidence agrees, Lavazza 16Andrea Lavazza, Neuroethics, Centro Universitario Internazionale, Arezzo, Italy, Free Will and Neuroscience: From Explaining Freedom Away to New Ways of Operationalizing and Measuring It, 2016, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4887467/ /recut from AHS PB Negate1~ Obligatory responsibility doesn't exist because everything is predetermined so the aff is false.2~ Determinism denies the existence of free will which makes willing a moral obligation impossible. Norwitz.~Michael Norwitz, "Free Will and Determinism," Philosophy Now, 1991.~ SHS ZS ====Unjust is defined contrary to justice, absent a conception of justice the resolution is incoherent so negate,==== | 2/19/22 |
JF - NC - ExistentialismTournament: Barkley Forum For High Schools | Round: 3 | Opponent: Harrison AC | Judge: Nathan Frenkel Permissibility and presumption Negate,1~ Text – Ought is defined as expressing obligation which means absent a proactive obligation you vote neg since the aff can't prove an obligation. O/W since text is the only thing we have access to prior to the round.2~ Safety – It's ethically safer to presume the squo since we know what the squo is but we can't know whether the aff will be good or not if ethics are incoherent.3~ Real world – Policymakers don't pass policies they aren't sure about, they shelve them for later.Humans are born with no constituitive purpose. Thus value is only created based off actions we take, Sartre 1 | 1/28/22 |
JF - T - Outer SpaceTournament: Barkley Forum For High Schools | Round: Doubles | Opponent: Sage MP | Judge: Gordon Krauss, Sreyaash Das, Vidya Reddy Interpretation: "outer space" is a generic indefinite singular. The aff may not defend a subset of appropriation of outer space by private entities being unjust.The upward entailment test and adverb test determine the genericity of a definite singularLeslie 16 ~Sarah-Jane Leslie, Ph.D., Princeton, 2007. Dean of the Graduate School and Class of 1943 Professor of Philosophy. Served as the vice dean for faculty development in the Office of the Dean of the Faculty, director of the Program in Linguistics, and founding director of the Program in Cognitive Science at Princeton University.~ "Generic Generalizations." Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy. April 24, 2016. https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/generics/ TG
It applies to "outer space" – 1~ upward entailment test – "the appropriation of outer space is unjust" doesn't entail that "the universe is unjust", 2~ adverb test – "the appropriation of outer space is usually unjust" doesn't mean anything substantially different from the rezViolation – they only defendVote neg:1~ Limits – they can pick any form of appropriation from internet satellites to asteroid mining to moon basing to Mars colonization and there's no universal disad since they're all different and require different uses space – explodes neg prep and leads to random appropriation of the week affs which makes cutting stable neg links impossible. PICs don't solve – it's absurd to say neg potential abuse justifies the aff being flat out not T, which leads to a race towards abuse. Limits key to reciprocal engagement since they create a caselist for neg prep.2~ TVA – read the aff as an advantage to a whole rez aff.Fairness is a voter—debate is a competitive activity that requires objective evaluation.Drop the debater—to deter future abuse and set better norms.Use competing interps— A) leads to a race to the top since we figure out the best possible norm B) avoids judge intervention since there's a clear brightlineNo RVIs—a. Baiting—they'll just bait theory and prep it out—justifies infinite abuse and results in a chilling effect andb. illogical – you don't win because you're fair. It means that we both should win which makes the round irresolvable.T First – A~ advocacy impacts every part of the round so it frames my abuse B~ Urgency – we only have two months to debate the topic.NC theory first A) abuse is self inflicted if I was abusive its because you forced me to B) It's introduced earlier in the debate which means we have more time for norming C) scope disclosure impacts very speech starting from the 1AC | 1/30/22 |
ND - CP - CourtsTournament: Florida Blue Key Speech and Debate Tournament | Round: 1 | Opponent: Monta Vista KR | Judge: Jayanne Forrest | 11/2/21 |
ND - CP - ICCTournament: Florida Blue Key Speech and Debate Tournament | Round: Quarters | Opponent: Strake Jesuit VM | Judge: Meera Sehgal, Rohith Sudhakar, Amadea Datel CP Text: The United States federal government should cooperate with the International Criminal Court without ratifying the Rome Statute.Dietrich 11 (John W, Bryant University, "Time for the United States to Cooperate with the ICC", http://www.h-net.org/reviews/showrev.php?id=31374) Solves Customary International Law too (CIL)MCKENNEY 13 (Sydney, writer on E-international relations, E-International Relations, http://www.e-ir.info/2013/05/17/the-united-states-need-to-ratify-the-rome-statute/) | 10/31/21 |
ND - CP - Intermittent StrikesTournament: Florida Blue Key Speech and Debate Tournament | Round: 3 | Opponent: Strake Jesuit MS | Judge: Abhilash Datti CP Text: A just government ought to recognize the right to strike however not unconditionally, intermittent strikes should be illegal, all other types of strikes the AC recognizes should be.Intermittent strikes violate labor peace, Theodore 19~Mark Theodore, 7-30-2019, "Employer's Discipline of Employees Engaging In "Intermittent Strikes" Lawful: NLRB Majority", Labor Relations Update, https://www.laborrelationsupdate.com/nlra/employers-discipline-of-employees-engaging-in-intermittent-strikes-lawful-nlrb-majority/, date accessed 10-24-2021~ Lex AT Unconditional means,https://www.google.com/search?q=unconditional+definitionandoq=unconditional+definitionandaqs=chrome..69i57j0i512l3j0i22i30l6.2119j0j9andsourceid=chromeandie=UTF-8 Takes out general principle bc it means general principle still defends all stirkes since exceptions are ocnditions.That negates under the AC framework –1~ Promise breaking – the original NLRA act that explains the right to strike made them illegal bc they violated the purpose of genuine strikes. ow on perfect duties. SPECIFICALLY not arbitrary.2~ Solves aff offense none of it is specific to an unconditional right3~ contradiction in conception – if everyone always stirked for no reason stikres would have no purposeYes CPs negate - Good and bad are attributive adjectives which don't make sense in a vacuum i.e. you can't say this burger is really good without comparing it to alternative burgers. | 10/31/21 |
ND - CP - Intermittent Strikes v2Tournament: Florida Blue Key Speech and Debate Tournament | Round: 6 | Opponent: Carnegie Vanguard SR | Judge: Sanjana Bhatnagar CP Text: The People's Republic of China ought to recognize the right to strike however not unconditionally, intermittent strikes should be illegal, all other types of strikes the AC recognizes should be.Intermittent strikes violate labor peace, Theodore 19~Mark Theodore, 7-30-2019, "Employer's Discipline of Employees Engaging In "Intermittent Strikes" Lawful: NLRB Majority", Labor Relations Update, https://www.laborrelationsupdate.com/nlra/employers-discipline-of-employees-engaging-in-intermittent-strikes-lawful-nlrb-majority/, date accessed 10-24-2021~ Lex AT Unconditional means,https://www.google.com/search?q=unconditional+definitionandoq=unconditional+definitionandaqs=chrome..69i57j0i512l3j0i22i30l6.2119j0j9andsourceid=chromeandie=UTF-8 Intermittent strikes damage brand image of companies and don't change anything, SQUO legal altenratives solve, Hui 21Hui, E. S. (2021). Movement-oriented labor organizations in an authoritarian regime: The case of China. Human Relations, 001872672110014. doi:10.1177/00187267211001433 Brand image is k2 economy, Thimothy 16~Solomon Thimothy, 10-31-2016, "Council Post: Why Brand Image Matters More Than You Think", Forbes, https://www.forbes.com/sites/forbesagencycouncil/2016/10/31/why-brand-image-matters-more-than-you-think/?sh=1003a06610b8, date accessed 10-30-2021~ Lex AT | 10/31/21 |
ND - DA - EconTournament: Apple Valley MinneApple Debate Tournament | Round: 6 | Opponent: Loveless Academic Magnet Program RR | Judge: Fabrice Etienne The Global Economy is stabilizing and set for increases in 2021 but is still vulnerable to shocksWorld Bank 6-8 6-8-2021 "The Global Economy: on Track for Strong but Uneven Growth as COVID-19 Still Weighs" https://www.worldbank.org/en/news/feature/2021/06/08/the-global-economy-on-track-for-strong-but-uneven-growth-as-covid-19-still-weighs Strikes hurt the Economy – two warrants:1~ They hurt critical core industries that is necessary for economic growthMcElroy 19 John McElroy 10-25-2019 "Strikes Hurt Everybody" https://www.wardsauto.com/ideaxchange/strikes-hurt-everybody (MPA at McCombs school of Business) 2~ Strikes create a stigmatization effect over labor and consumption that devastates the EconomyTenza 20, Mlungisi. "The effects of violent strikes on the economy of a developing country: a case of South Africa." Obiter 41.3 (2020): 519-537. (Senior Lecturer, University of KwaZulu-Natal) Err Negative – over-estimate the effect on Strikes on the economy since traditional economic measures underestimate the damage.Babb No Date Katrina Babb "Chapter 11: The Economic Impact of Unions" http://isu.indstate.edu/conant/ecn351/ch11/chapter11.htm (Professor of Economic at Indiana State) Economic Collapse goes Nuclear.Tønnesson 15, Stein. "Deterrence, interdependence and Sino–US peace." International Area Studies Review 18.3 (2015): 297-311. (the Department of Peace and Conflict, Uppsala University, Sweden, and Peace research Institute Oslo (PRIO), Norway) | 11/6/21 |
ND - DA - InfrastructureTournament: Florida Blue Key Speech and Debate Tournament | Round: Quarters | Opponent: Strake Jesuit VM | Judge: Meera Sehgal, Rohith Sudhakar, Amadea Datel Biden has PC for infrastructure but it needs to maintained in the face of impatient democrats.Sullivan and Kane 6/11 ~Sean and Paul. Sean Sullivan covers national politics, with a focus on the 2020 presidential campaign. Paul Kane. Washington, D.C. Senior congressional correspondent and columnist. Education: University of Delaware, BA. "'Time is running out': Democrats split over Biden's relentless focus on infrastructure". 6-9-2021. . https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/democrats-split-biden-infrastructure/2021/06/10/f1f95a8e-c91f-11eb-afd0-9726f7ec0ba6_story.html.~~ Preserving comfortable union relations maintains PC.Kerrissey and Schofer 13 ~Kerrissey, Jasmine, and Evan Schofer. Jasmine Kerrissey Department of Sociology University of California, Irvine Evan Schofer Department of Sociology University of California, Irvine. "Union Membership and Political Participation in the United States." Social Forces, vol. 91, no. 3, 2013, pp. 895–928. JSTOR, www.jstor.org/stable/23361125~ Strike would divide the UnionIsraelstam 17 ~Ivan. Ivan Israelstam is the Chief Executive of Labour Law Management Consulting. "What is the impact of strikes for employers and employees?". 11-22-2017. Skills Portal. https://www.skillsportal.co.za/content/what-impact-strikes-employers-and-employees.~~ Infrastructure bill is necessary to tackle emission reduction goals.Newburger 3/29 ~Emma. Emma Newburger is a Climate policy reporter at @CNBC. @Cornell grad. "Here's how Biden's infrastructure package will likely tackle climate change". 1-27-2021. CNBC. https://www.cnbc.com/2021/03/29/biden-infrastructure-bill-what-to-expect-on-climate-change.html.~~ Warming causes extinctionSpecktor 19 ~Brandon writes about the science of everyday life for Live Science, and previously for Reader's Digest magazine, where he served as an editor for five years~ 6-4-2019, "Human Civilization Will Crumble by 2050 If We Don't Stop Climate Change Now, New Paper Claims," livescience, https://www.livescience.com/65633-climate-change-dooms-humans-by-2050.html | 10/31/21 |
ND - DA - StocksTournament: Florida Blue Key Speech and Debate Tournament | Round: Quarters | Opponent: Strake Jesuit VM | Judge: Meera Sehgal, Rohith Sudhakar, Amadea Datel The stock market is trending upwards but it's uncertain – blips aren't enough to disprove the general trend and recent developments prove.Miao and Macheel 10/21 ~Tanaya and Hannah; 10/21/21; Reporter at CNBC, Associate Markets Reporter, graduated summa cum laude from Duke University with a degree in public policy; "SandP 500 slips from record, but heads for winning week on strong earnings," CNBC, https://www.cnbc.com/2021/10/21/stock-market-futures-open-to-close-news.html~~ Justin The right to strike signals a victory for the union. Best data proves union strike victories statistically cause stock market crash.Lee and Mas 12 ~David; Princeton University and National Bureau of Economic Research; Alexandre; Princeton University and National Bureau of Economic Research; "Long-Run Impacts of Unions on Firms: New Evidence from Financial Markets, 1961–1999," The Quarterly Journal Of Economics; February 2012; https://academic.oup.com/qje/article-abstract/127/1/333/1834007?redirectedFrom=fulltext~~ Justin The next market crash causes economic collapse – conditions are ripe for failure.Vallejo 10/4 ~Justin; 10/4/21; Citing personal finance expert Robert Kiyosaki; "'Biggest crash in world history': Personal finance expert Robert Kiyosaki predicts economic crisis in October," Independent, https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/americas/us-politics/robert-kiyosaki-market-crash-october-b1930754.html~~ Justin Economic Collapse goes Nuclear.Tønnesson 15, Stein. "Deterrence, interdependence and Sino–US peace." International Area Studies Review 18.3 (2015): 297-311. (the Department of Peace and Conflict, Uppsala University, Sweden, and Peace research Institute Oslo (PRIO), Norway) | 10/31/21 |
ND - NC - HobbesTournament: Florida Blue Key Speech and Debate Tournament | Round: 3 | Opponent: Strake Jesuit MS | Judge: Abhilash Datti Permissibility and presumption Negate,1~ Text – Ought is defined as expressing obligation which means absent a proactive obligation you vote neg since the aff can't prove an obligation. O/W since text is the only thing we have access to prior to the round.2~ Safety – It's ethically safer to presume the squo since we know what the squo is but we can't know whether the aff will be good or not if ethics are incoherent.3~ Real world – Policymakers don't pass policies they aren't sure about, they shelve them for later.The meta-ethic is constructivism, or the idea that there is no a priori truth independent of human conceptual schemes.Prefer:~1~ Rule-following paradox—innate moral rules can be interpreted in an infinite number of ways, ethics and religion proves. That means they can't guide action since A) they aren't binding B) they lead to contradictory interpertations.~2~ Epistemology—experience frames knowledge – the reason why a tree is a tree and not a rock is because we experience what a tree is and relate the word to the object.Next, every time someone acts, they have a corresponding goal—that means action necessitates imposing meaning on the world. The state of nature necessitates infinite violence between conflicting world views:~1~ Arbitrariness—under the state of nature, people will impose their own goals on each other with no restrictions which justifies infinite violations of rights and makes meaning creation impossible.~2~ Resource Wars—a finite amount of material resources creates conflict between different people who want it which means we control the root cause of the aff.There is no objective solution to this conflict because truth is relative. Instead, conflict requires the creation of the sovereign, to resolve disputes. In exchange for their safety, subjects agree to give up their claims to meaning to the sovereign.Parrish 04 ~Parrish, Rick, ~Rick Parrish teaches at Loyola University New Orleans. His current research is focused on the play of violence and respect within justice.~ "Derrida'S Economy Of Violence In Hobbes' Social Contract" Theory andamp; Event, Vol. 7 No. 4, 2005, 2005, http://muse.jhu.edu/article/244119~~#back, DOA:6-30-2018 WWBW~ Thus, the standard is consistency with the will of the sovereign.Now Negate —~1~ Inherency proves the sovereign doesn't want to grant the unconditional right to strike. Otherwise negate on presumption if theres no inherency.~2~ Unconditional striking violates the NLRB.NLRB National Labor Relations Board. "The Right to Strike." The Right to Strike | National Labor Relations Board, www.nlrb.gov/strikes. SJEP ~3~ A worker has the ability to choose their employer and thus their contract. Therefore, there is no reason a worker can strike against a contract they have agreed to previously.CaseFraming~1~ No Apriori Knowledge – it is just definitional knowledge humans have invented to understand the world e.g. we understand all bachelors are unmarried males but there could be a different conception where all bachelors are married womxn.~2~ Hijack – subjects are deterministic, biological creatures – reason is only instrumental to survival.Chung ~Hun (Professor of Philosophy at the Rochester Institute of Technology). "Understanding Rationality in Hobbes and Hume." Filozofia, Number 8, pg. 693, 2014, http://www.klemens.sav.sk/fiusav/doc/filozofia/2014/8/687-696.pdf. 8/14/18~ OffenseLegal alternatives check i.e. regular right to strike, overadhering to the rules, union bargaining, messaging local representative, using media, etc.. distinctions arbtirayr and consequntialistIf in order for a government to be just it must recognize the unconditional right of workers to strike, then any aff that is inherent is not currently a just government which means it doesn't prove the truth of the resolution. | 10/31/21 |
ND - NC - LevinasTournament: Florida Blue Key Speech and Debate Tournament | Round: 1 | Opponent: Monta Vista KR | Judge: Jayanne Forrest MetaethicPermissibility and presumption Negate,1~ Text – Ought is defined as expressing obligation which means absent a proactive obligation you vote neg since the aff can't prove an obligation. O/W since text is the only thing we have access to prior to the round.2~ Safety – It's ethically safer to presume the squo since we know what the squo is but we can't know whether the aff will be good or not if ethics are incoherent.3~ Real world – Policymakers don't pass policies they aren't sure about, they shelve them for later.Dire situations prove people act on the particular circumstances they are given not to universal norms, Hooft 1Stan Van Hooft, understanding Virtue Ethics, 2006 FramingBecause we live in particular frames of reference, the other is constituitively unknowable. The other interrupts our ability to think about the world and waits for a response which makes us obligated to respect them, | 11/2/21 |
ND - T - Just GovernmentTournament: Apple Valley MinneApple Debate Tournament | Round: 4 | Opponent: Dwight Englewood EK | Judge: Saianurag Karavadi Interpretation: the affirmative must defend that only just governments ought to recognize the right to strikeJust governments respect libertiesDorn 12 James A. Dorn, Cato Journal, "The Scope of Government in a Free Society", Fall 2012, https://www.cato.org/sites/cato.org/files/serials/files/cato-journal/2012/12/v32n3-10.pdf Violation—the US is not just and is racistNellis, Ph.D., 18, Report to the United Nations on Racial Disparities in the U.S. Criminal Justice System, https://www.sentencingproject.org/publications/un-report-on-racial-disparities/, Sentencing Project, Prefer –1~ Precision — anything else justifies the aff arbitrarily jettisoning words in the resolution at their whim which decks negative ground and preparation because the aff is no longer bounded by the resolution.2~ Limits – there are 200 governments in the world – letting them pick an unjust ones explodes limits via infinite permutations of governments3~ Phil ed – 1AR will claim no government is just but that just means that we defend ideal theory. That's good –A~ forces philosophical contestation which can uniquely happen in LD debate whereas you can util debate on any topicB~ outweighs – framework debate allows to identify injustice which is a prereq to any other theory voter because they're all philosophically groundedFairness- consittutive of comp activites, args presumeEdu- funded ny schoolsDTD- dta illogical, time skewNo RVI's- illogical, baitingCI – intervention, collapses, race to topT first – 1~ aff abuse frames neg abuse 2~ norming a~ set early b~ only 2 months to set T norms ow on urgency | 11/6/21 |
SO - CP - CancerTournament: New York City Invitational Debate And Speech Tournament | Round: 3 | Opponent: American Heritage Broward JA | Judge: Andrew Shaw | 10/16/21 |
SO - CP - EU PlanTournament: Greenhill Fall Classic | Round: 1 | Opponent: Harvard Westlake IC | Judge: Alex Dumas Counterplan Text: The member nations of the WTO should implement the EU's plan to:1~ Ensure COVID-19 vaccines, treatments, and components can cross borders freely;2~ Encourage producers to expand their production and keep vaccines at an affordable price for countries most in need;3~ Facilitate preexisting compulsory licensing within the TRIPS Agreement.It solves the affFerrer 21 ~Miriam GARCIA FERRER, 4 June 2021, "EU proposes a strong multilateral trade response to the COVID-19 pandemic," https://ec.europa.eu/commission/presscorner/detail/en/ip_21_2801~~ The preempt doesn't solve, it says the procedure of flexibilities and licnensing are burdensome but we fiat the CP so states do them immedietly. Opening trade laws means lincensing doenst lead to legal cases. Solves cred since the I/L is just effective policyIt's avoids the links to the DAsBacchus 2020 (James, Adjunct Fellow, Cato Institute, former U.S. Representative (D-FL), and former Chairman, World Trade Organization's Appellate Body. "An Unnecessary Proposal: A WTO Waiver of Intellectual Property Rights for COVID-19 Vaccines," Cato https://www.cato.org/free-trade-bulletin/unnecessary-proposal-wto-waiver-intellectual-property-rights-covid-19-vaccines~~#balancing-ip-rights-access-medicines-not-new-wto December 16, 2020)DR 21 | 9/18/21 |
SO - CP - EU Trade SecretsTournament: Greenhill Fall Classic | Round: 3 | Opponent: Harker DS | Judge: Matt Moorhead CP text: The European Union ought to reduce trade secret protections for medicines by requiring that plaintiffs prove that the acquisition, use, and disclosure of the trade secret did not pertain to revealing misconduct, wrongdoing, or illegal activity, or to protecting the general public interest.The law they are criticizing is a law passed by the EU parliament. Hold them to their advocacy anything else justifies infintie shiftiness. Durable fiat is incoherent its like saying Massachusetts should repeal social security when they don't have jusrisdiction over it, EU no date~EU, xx-xx-xxxx, "The European Union and the World Trade Organization", No Publication, https://www.europarl.europa.eu/factsheets/en/sheet/161/the-european-union-and-the-world-trade-organization, date accessed 9-18-2021~ Lex AT Two implications:1~ PLan flaw: EU members can't do the plan because the law they are repealing was passed by the EU parliament and EU law is supreme over national law generally (European court decisions) but especially on trade because the EU is a customs union.2. Plan flaw + solvency deficit. Only the EU can negotiate trade rules so even if the national govs passed the plan it wouldn't do anything. Only the EU has the power | 9/18/21 |
SO - DA - BiotechTournament: Greenhill Fall Classic | Round: 1 | Opponent: Harvard Westlake IC | Judge: Alex Dumas US dominates biotech now but reducing IPP cedes control to China, Paulsen 7-9Erik Paulsen, 7-9-2021, "ERIK PAULSEN: We can save the world with our vaccines — without surrendering our IP to China," Bakersfield Californian, https://www.bakersfield.com/opinion/erik-paulsen-we-can-save-the-world-with-our-vaccines-without-surrendering-our-ip-to/article_b0b87692-df61-11eb-9a13-d7fa02eefaee.html AT Biotech leadership key to future military primacy.Moore 21 ~(Scott Moore is a political scientist and administrator at the University of Pennsylvania and the author of a forthcoming book, "How China Shapes the Future," on China's role in public goods and emerging technologies.) 8-8-2021, "In Biotech, the Industry of the Future, the U.S. Is Way Ahead of China," Lawfare, https://www.lawfareblog.com/biotech-industry-future-us-way-ahead-china~~//Lex AKu American primacy solves every threat – collapse causes emboldenment and miscalcBrands 18, Hal. American grand strategy in the age of Trump. Brookings Institution Press, 2018. "Chapter 6: Does America Have Enough Hard Power?" (Henry A. Kissinger Distinguished Professor of Global Affairs at the Johns Hopkins University School of Advanced International Studies, Senior Fellow at the Center for Strategic and Budgetary Assessments and the Foreign Policy Research Institute, Ph.D. in history from Yale University)Elmer | 9/18/21 |
SO - DA - InnovationTournament: Greenhill Fall Classic | Round: 1 | Opponent: Harvard Westlake IC | Judge: Alex Dumas Drug innovation is high—Prefer our study it's analyzes the past decade and is from one of the most trusted leaders in innovation information, Clarivate 9-15~Clarivate Plc, (NYSE:CLVT), a global leader in providing trusted information and insights to accelerate the pace of innovation, today announced the release of the 2021 Centre for Medicines Research (CMR) International Pharmaceutical RandD Factbook., 9-15-2021, "2021 Centre for Medicines Research (CMR) Pharmaceutical Randamp;D Factbook from Clarivate Finds Drug Approvals at a 10-year High Despite the Challenges of COVID-19", No Publication, https://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/2021-centre-for-medicines-research-cmr-pharmaceutical-rd-factbook-from-clarivate-finds-drug-approvals-at-a-10-year-high-despite-the-challenges-of-covid-19-301376948.html, date accessed 9-15-2021~ Lex AT IP protections encourage innovation in pandemics. McDole and Ezell 21Jaci Mcdole and Stephen Ezell; McDole is a senior policy analyst covering intellectual property (IP) and innovation policy at the Information Technology and Innovation Foundation (ITIF). Ezell is vice president, global innovation policy, at the Information Technology and Innovation Foundation (ITIF). He focuses on science and technology policy, international competitiveness, trade, manufacturing, and services issues.; 4 29 2021; "Ten Ways IP Has Enabled Innovations That Have Helped Sustain the World Through the Pandemic"; https://itif.org/publications/2021/04/29/ten ways ip has enabled innovations have helped sustain world through, ITIF, accessed 7 29 2021; JPark Pharma innovation solves disease – that prevents extinctionEngelhardt 8 – PhD, MD, Professor of Philosophy @ Rice (Hugo, "Innovation and the Pharmaceutical Industry: Critical Reflections on the Virtues of Profit," EBrary) | 9/18/21 |
SO - DA - Innovation v2Tournament: Greenhill Fall Classic | Round: 5 | Opponent: Westwood AG | Judge: Chris Castillo Drug innovation is high—Prefer our study it's analyzes the past decade and is from one of the most trusted leaders in innovation information, Clarivate 9-15~Clarivate Plc, (NYSE:CLVT), a global leader in providing trusted information and insights to accelerate the pace of innovation, today announced the release of the 2021 Centre for Medicines Research (CMR) International Pharmaceutical RandD Factbook., 9-15-2021, "2021 Centre for Medicines Research (CMR) Pharmaceutical Randamp;D Factbook from Clarivate Finds Drug Approvals at a 10-year High Despite the Challenges of COVID-19", No Publication, https://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/2021-centre-for-medicines-research-cmr-pharmaceutical-rd-factbook-from-clarivate-finds-drug-approvals-at-a-10-year-high-despite-the-challenges-of-covid-19-301376948.html, date accessed 9-15-2021~ Lex AT The biopharmaceutical industry is uniquely reliant on IP protections – undermining them would kill innovation by making an already expensive process completely unfeasible.Kristina M. Lybecker, PhD, 17 ~PhD Economics, Associate Professor of Economics @ Colorado College~, "Intellectual Property Rights Protection and the Biopharmaceutical Industry: How Canada Measures Up," Fraser Institute, January 2017, https://www.fraserinstitute.org/sites/default/files/intellectual-property-rights-protection-and-the20biopharmaceutical-industry.pdf C.VC 50 of medicine comes from IKEiland 08 ~Dr. Eiland received a doctorate in Oriental Archaeology from Oxford University and an LLM from the Munich Intellectual Property Law Center~, "Patenting Traditional Medicine", Nomos Verlagsgesellschaft mbH and Co. KG, pg. 7-10, 2008 SLC PK Pharma innovation solves disease – that prevents extinctionEngelhardt 8 – PhD, MD, Professor of Philosophy @ Rice (Hugo, "Innovation and the Pharmaceutical Industry: Critical Reflections on the Virtues of Profit," EBrary) Extinction ow – A~ consent, B~ reversibilityTheir extinction arg isn't wrong indigenous ppl are alive in the squo which means ours ow on reversibility.Extinction isn't white paranoia and apocalyptic reps are goodThompson 18 ~Nicole Akoukou. Chicago-based creative writer. 4-6-2018. "Why I will not allow the fear of a nuclear attack to be white-washed." RaceBaitR. http://racebaitr.com/2018/04/06/2087/~~#~~ | 9/19/21 |
SO - DA - WTO ILawTournament: Greenhill Fall Classic | Round: 3 | Opponent: Harker DS | Judge: Matt Moorhead Intellectual property rights cannot be discriminated on the basis of field, or place of inventionWTO https://www.wto.org/english/docs_e/legal_e/27-trips_04c_e.htm, Article 27.1, Section 5 on patents, World trade Organization, WTO, Part II — Standards concerning the availability, scope and use of Intellectual Property Rights The WTO's appellate body no longer exists to mediate disputes, without immediate buy in by states, and no mechanism to make disobedient states obey, the system collapsesHorton, 08/3, Lessons from Trump's assault on the World Trade Organization, https://www.chathamhouse.org/2021/08/lessons-trumps-assault-world-trade-organization, Chatham House – International Affairs Think Tank, Communications Manager; Project Lead, Common Futures Conversations A major country operating outside WTO consensus wrecks global trade normsBacchus 20 ~James Bacchus, member of the Herbert A. Stiefel Center for Trade Policy Studies, the Distinguished University Professor of Global Affairs and director of the Center for Global Economic and Environmental Opportunity at the University of Central Florida, 12-16-2020, "An Unnecessary Proposal: A WTO Waiver of Intellectual Property Rights for COVID-19 Vaccines," Cato Institute, https://www.cato.org/free-trade-bulletin/unnecessary-proposal-wto-waiver-intellectual-property-rights-covid-19-vaccines~~/Kankee Without all states buy in, we risk WW3 but with nukesHopewell and Horton 08-03 ~Kristen Hopewell Associate Professor and Canada Research Chair in Global Policy at the University of British Columbia, and Ben Horton, Communications Manager; Project Lead, Common Futures Conversations, 08-03-2021, "Lessons from Trump's assault on the World Trade Organization," Chatham House – International Affairs Think Tank, https://www.chathamhouse.org/2021/08/lessons-trumps-assault-world-trade-organization~~/Kankee | 9/18/21 |
SO - NC - Actor FunctionTournament: Greenhill Fall Classic | Round: 3 | Opponent: Harker DS | Judge: Matt Moorhead | 9/18/21 |
SO - NC - DeterminismTournament: Greenhill Fall Classic | Round: 1 | Opponent: Harvard Westlake IC | Judge: Alex Dumas Permissibility/PresumptionPermissibility and presumption Negate,1~ Text – Ought is defined as expressing obligation which means absent a proactive obligation you vote neg since the aff can't prove an obligation. O/W since text is the only thing we have access to prior to the round.2~ Safety – It's ethically safer to presume the squo since we know what the squo is but we can't know whether the aff will be good or not if ethics are incoherent.3~ Real world – Policymakers don't pass policies they aren't sure about, they shelve them for later.FramingThe standard is consistency with determinism.1~ Biology – Every organism has controlled responses to stimuli because of its inherited genes and environment. That applies to humans, i.e. when we cut onions we cry.2~ Nature – the universe is infinite, that justifies determinism since any individual act is too small to alter the fate of the universe, Horne 1Herman H. Horne, 1912, "The Arguments for Determinism", Excerpt from Free Will and Human Responsibility: A Philosophical Argument, https://web.csulb.edu/~~cwallis/100/articles/arguments_for_determinism.html 3~ Arbitrariness – if determinism is false then you imply that human acts are random since they aren't based on any previous cause. Ethics can't be arbitrary because otherwise it wouldn't guide action since anything is permissible.4~ The best neuroscientific, psychological, and medical evidence agrees, Lavazza 16Andrea Lavazza, Neuroethics, Centro Universitario Internazionale, Arezzo, Italy, Free Will and Neuroscience: From Explaining Freedom Away to New Ways of Operationalizing and Measuring It, 2016, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4887467/ /recut from AHS PB 5~ Molecular Physics proves we are just constructs of molecules, Coyne 12Jerry Coyne, ~Professor in the Department of Ecology and Evolution at The University of Chicago~, "Why You Don't Really Have Free Will," USAToday, January 1st, 2012. Recut from SM Offense1~ Determinism states obligatory responsibility doesn't exist because everything is predetermined so the aff can't prescribe action.2~ The concept of intellectual property is incoherent, you can't reduce something that doesn't exist, Risser 10~Rita Risser, July 2010, "Creative Determinism and the Claim to Intellectual Property on JSTOR", No Publication, https://www.jstor.org/stable/27904152, date accessed 9-12-2021~ Lex AT | 9/18/21 |
SO - NC - HobbesTournament: Mid America Cup | Round: 4 | Opponent: Loyola LR | Judge: Sam Anderson The meta-ethic is constructivism, or the idea that there is no a priori truth independent of human conceptual schemes.Prefer:~1~ Rule-following paradox—innate moral rules can be interpreted in an infinite number of ways, ethics and religion proves. That means they can't guide action since A) they aren't binding B) they lead to contradictory interpertations.~2~ Epistemology—experience frames knowledge – the reason why a tree is a tree and not a rock is because we experience what a tree is and relate the word to the object.Next, every time someone acts, they have a corresponding goal—that means action necessitates imposing meaning on the world. The state of nature necessitates infinite violence between conflicting world views:~1~ Arbitrariness—under the state of nature, people will impose their own goals on each other with no restrictions which justifies infinite violations of rights and makes meaning creation impossible.~2~ Resource Wars—a finite amount of material resources creates conflict between different people who want it which means we control the root cause of the aff.There is no objective solution to this conflict because truth is relative. Instead, conflict requires the creation of the sovereign, to resolve disputes. In exchange for their safety, subjects agree to give up their claims to meaning to the sovereign.Parrish 04 ~Parrish, Rick, ~Rick Parrish teaches at Loyola University New Orleans. His current research is focused on the play of violence and respect within justice.~ "Derrida'S Economy Of Violence In Hobbes' Social Contract" Theory andamp; Event, Vol. 7 No. 4, 2005, 2005, http://muse.jhu.edu/article/244119~~#back, DOA:6-30-2018 WWBW~ Thus, the standard is consistency with the will of the sovereign.Now Negate —1~ Uniqueness proves the sovereign wants IP, that means the plan would be an act of coercion that goes against the soveriegns will.2~ IP rights are implicit in the creation of the sovereign in expressing creativity.Ghosh 04 ~Shubha Ghosh (B.A., Amherst College; Ph.D., University of Michigan; J.D., Stanford Law School; Professor of Law, University at Buffalo, SUNY, Law School; Visiting Professor, SMU Dedman School of Law). "PATENTS AND THE REGULATORY STATE: RETHINKING THE PATENT BARGAIN METAPHOR AFTER ELDRED". BERKELEY TECHNOLOGY LAW JOURNAL. 2004. Accessed 9/3/21. https://lawcat.berkeley.edu/record/1119327/files/fulltext.pdf Xu~ | 9/26/21 |
SO - T - FWTournament: New York City Invitational Debate And Speech Tournament | Round: Doubles | Opponent: Holy Cross ND | Judge: Sesh Joe, Nikhil Pisolkar, Emily Jackson | 10/17/21 |
SO - T - IPTournament: New York City Invitational Debate And Speech Tournament | Round: 5 | Opponent: Lake Highland Prep AB | Judge: Maggie Eby Interpretation – topical affirmatives must only defend reduction of intellectual property rights for medicines.Elimatne meanshttps://www.google.com/search?q=eliminate+deifnitionandoq=eliminate+deifnitionandaqs=chrome..69i57j0i13l3j0i13i30l6.1525j1j4andsourceid=chromeandie=UTF-8 Medicine is treatment for illness or injuryCambridge Dictionary 21 ~Cambridge Dictionary, 2021, https://dictionary.cambridge.org/us/dictionary/english/medicine~~ Lex AKo Violation – Data exclusivity are not IPP for medicine.Thrasher 21 Thrasher, Rachel. "How Data Exclusivity Laws Impact Drug Prices:" Global Development Policy Center Chart of the Week How Data Exclusivity Laws Impact Drug Prices Comments, 25 May 2021, www.bu.edu/gdp/2021/05/25/chart-of-the-week-how-data-exclusivity-laws-impact-drug-prices/. Lex AKo Clinical trials are a study for medicine to then get protected, but not medicine themselvesReview ~Institutional Review, "Clinical Trials," https://www.phrma.org/policy-issues/Research-Development/Clinical-Trials~~ Lex AKo Data exclusivity is not included in TRIPS, USPTO 21~USPTO, Feb 11, 2021, "Trade related aspects of IP rights", No Publication, https://www.uspto.gov/ip-policy/patent-policy/trade-related-aspects-ip-rights, date accessed 9-16-2021~ Lex AT "Medicines" refers to patentsOxFam ~Oxfam, No Date, "Intellectual property and access to medicine," No Publication, https://www.oxfamamerica.org/explore/issues/economic-well-being/intellectual-property-and-access-to-medicine/ LEX JB~ The WTO has no jurisdiction over TRIPs, Francois~Andre Francois, no date, "Spotlight on: TRIPS, TRIPS Plus, and Doha", Médecins Sans Frontières Access Campaign, https://msfaccess.org/spotlight-trips-trips-plus-and-doha, date accessed 10-16-2021~ Lex AT These cards prove theres no way for the aff to be enforced bc data exclusivity doenst exist in the WTO and they don't have jurisdiciotn over it which is an indepdnet resolvability standard since judges need to eval debates.Violation – they defend data exclusivityVote Neg –1~ Limits – their model justifies defending ANY INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY PROTECTION outside of medicines from tertiary patents, provisional patents, design patents, and data exlcusitivyt which shifts an unfair prep burden to prep hundreds of affs compared to the generics that the AC has to answer2~ Ground – in the context of data exclusivity all the literature is one sided bc its sucha niche area in the topic and the ground that negates is nonspecific and generic to innovation which allows the aff to delink out of all my positions.2~ TVA – read the literature on the neg as a counterplanVoters:Fairness and education are voters – debate's a game that needs rules to evaluate it and education gives us portable skills for life like research and thinking.Precision o/w – anything else justifies the aff arbitrarily jettisoning words in the resolution at their whim which decks negative ground and preparation because the aff is no longer bounded by the resolution.Drop the debater to deter future abuse since it's the most severe form of punishmentNo RVIs1~ Skews neg strat since the 2AR can collapse for a persuasive 3min and I can never predict what they'll say to preempt it2~ Illogical – you shouldn't win just cause you're fair – it's a litmus test for engaging in substance3~ Topic ed – no RVI means we can go back to substance, but an RVI means the debate has to be resolved on the theory layer4~ Chilling effect – new debaters will be scared to read theory because they're scared of better debaters, which allows experienced debaters to get away with abuse5~ Norming – I can't concede the counterinterp if I realize I'm wrong which forces me to argue for bad normsUse competing interps it creates a race to the top where we set the best norms, reaonsability is arbitrary and invites judge interventionNC theory first –a~ I was only abusive because you were first and prevented me from creating a fair stratb~ Norming – more timec~ its your burden to be topical but all other shells are bidirectional | 10/16/21 |
SO - T - MedicinesTournament: Greenhill Fall Classic | Round: 5 | Opponent: Westwood AG | Judge: Chris Castillo Interpretation: "medicines" is a generic bare plural. The aff may not defend WTO member nations reducing intellectual property protections for a subset of medicines.The upward entailment test and adverb test determine the genericity of a bare pluralLeslie and Lerner 16 ~Sarah-Jane Leslie, Ph.D., Princeton, 2007. Dean of the Graduate School and Class of 1943 Professor of Philosophy. Served as the vice dean for faculty development in the Office of the Dean of the Faculty, director of the Program in Linguistics, and founding director of the Program in Cognitive Science at Princeton University. Adam Lerner, PhD Philosophy, Postgraduate Research Associate, Princeton 2018. From 2018, Assistant Professor/Faculty Fellow in the Center for Bioethics at New York University. Member of the Princeton Social Neuroscience Lab.~ "Generic Generalizations." Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy. April 24, 2016. https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/generics/ TG
It applies to "medicines" – 1~ upward entailment test – "reduce intellectual property protections for medicines" doesn't entail reducing protections for substances, because it imply reducing IP on crops, 2~ adverb test – member nations "ought to usually reduce intellectual property protections for medicines" doesn't substantially change resolutional meaningPrecision is an independent voter and outweighs – a) jurisdiction – the judge is contractually obligated to vote affirmative if the rez is proven true they can't vote aff if you aren't defending it, b) outweighs – anything else justifies the aff arbitrarily jettisoning words in the resolution at their whim which decks negative ground and preparation because the aff is no longer bounded by the resolution.Vote neg:1~ Limits – you can pick anything from COVID vaccines to HIV/AIDS to random biotech to insulin treatments and there's no universal disad since each one has a different function and implication for health, tech, and relations – explodes neg prep and leads to random medicine of the week affs which makes cutting stable neg links impossible. PICs don't solve – it's absurd to say neg potential abuse justifies the aff being flat out not T, which leads to a race towards abuse. Limits key to reciprocal engagement since they create a caselist for neg prep.2~ TVA – read the aff as an advantage to a whole rez aff.Fairness – debate is a competitive activity that requires fairness for objective evaluation. Outweighs because it's the only intrinsic part of debate.Drop the debater – because you skewed the entire round. Deters future abuseCompeting interps – a~ reasonability is arbitrary and encourages judge intervention since there's no clear norm. b~ it creates a race to the top so we set the best normsNo RVIs – a) RVIs incentivize baiting T and prepping it out which leads to maximally abusive practices and creates a chilling effect where people don't check real abuse. B) logic – you shouldn't win by proving you're topicalT before 1AR theory – A) Norms – we only have a couple months to set T norms but can set 1AR theory norms any time B) Magnitude – it impacts a larger portion of the round since the aff advocacy determines every speech after itNC theory highest layer– A~ norming – we have more speeches to develop it B~ I had to be abusive because you were first | 9/19/21 |
SO - T - OspecTournament: Greenhill Fall Classic | Round: 3 | Opponent: Harker DS | Judge: Matt Moorhead Interpretation: The aff can specify a subset of member nations or iP protections but not both.Violation:1~ Limits – they can cherry pick any country from the China to Russia to Soko and choose any type of IP, secondary patents, orphan drugs, etc. which probably consists of hundreds of fringe affs. Limits outweighs in the context of this tournament – we've had the topic for literally 17 days, it's unreasonable to expect negatives to be prepared for obscure affs.2~ TVA – specify either a state or a subset of IP not both or the aff as an advantage under a whole res aff. Solves both of our offense.3~ Reject the 1ar's PICs argument – it leads to absurd conclusions that since the neg could potentially be abusive the aff is justified in reading an abusive aff that we cannot prepare for, which leads to infinite abuse. Also It's untrue in the context of this shell because you can still defend a plan aff and exclude most pics | 9/18/21 |
SO - T - ReduceTournament: Greenhill Fall Classic | Round: 3 | Opponent: Harker DS | Judge: Matt Moorhead Reduce means diminish.Guy 91—(Circuit Judge). Ralph B. Guy. 1991. Tim Boettger, Becky Boettger, Individually and as Next Friend for Their Minor Daughter, Amanda Boettger v. Otis R. Bowen, Secretary of Health and Human Services (89-1832) and C. Patrick Babcock, Director, Michigan Department of Social Services (89-1831), 923 F.2d 1183 (6th Cir. 1991). https://www.courtlistener.com/opinion/554919/tim-boettger-becky-boettger-individually-and-as-next-friend-for-their/ Violation: they don't reduce trade secret protections they just claim whistleblowing is not a trade secret but the actual doctrine remains the same.Vote neg for predictable limits: their interp justifies borderline fringe affs of cases of IP which prevents the aff from reading core disads like innovation, biotech, etc. decks all neg prep that also means grant me leeway on cp competition since im forced into reading abusive arugments.s | 9/18/21 |
SO - T - WTOTournament: Greenhill Fall Classic | Round: 3 | Opponent: Harker DS | Judge: Matt Moorhead Interpretation: Debaters must defend all member nations pass the planTRIPS is normal means for the plan,World Trade Organization, xx-xx-xxxx, "TRIPS — Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights" No Publication, https://www.wto.org/english/tratop_e/trips_e/trips_e.htm AT Violation:1~ TRIPS is standardized for all member nations,World Trade Organization, xx-xx-xxxx, "Frequently asked questions about TRIPS ~ trade-related aspects of intellectual property rights ~ in the WTO" No Publication, https://www.wto.org/english/tratop_e/trips_e/tripfq_e.htm AT 2~ Logic - Member nations is one body, if 2 people in congress went out for lunch you wouldn't say congress went out for lunch. Means the aff has to defend all nations. Logic owStandards:A~ Limits – you explode limtis since there are thousands of permutations of countries you could defend and you arbitrarily sever from the topic which justifies reading any non-T aff.B~ Topic ed - you force debates about hypotheticals that aren't grounded in reality. Outweighs on portability since it impacts us in the real world and theres no benefit to debating an aff that can't exist.Fairness – debate is a competitive activity that requires fairness for objective evaluation. Outweighs because it's the only intrinsic part of debate.Drop the debater – because you skewed the entire round.Competing interps – a~ reasonability is arbitrary and encourages judge intervention since there's no clear norm. b~ it creates a race to the top so we set the best normsNo RVIs – a) RVIs incentivize baiting T and prepping it out which leads to maximally abusive practices and creates a chilling effect where people don't check real abuse. B) logic – you shouldn't win by proving you're topicalT before 1AR theory – A) Norms – we only have a couple months to set T norms but can set 1AR theory norms any time B) Magnitude – it impacts a larger portion of the round since the aff advocacy determines every speech after it | 9/18/21 |
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