Leland Nair Neg
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| Berkeley | 2 | Cupertino YA | Lisa Kahler |
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| Berkeley | 3 | Immaculate Heart RR | Andrew Qin |
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| Berkeley | 6 | Able2Shine MC | Diana Alvarez |
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| Berkeley | 6 | Able2Shine MC | Diana Alvarez |
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| Columbia | 3 | Bronx Science SP | Akshay Manglik |
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| Columbia | 1 | Princeton DW | Jayesh Patel |
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| Columbia | 5 | Christopher Columbus AM | Jian Hu |
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| Glenbrooks | 1 | American Heritage Broward SS | Lukas Krause |
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| Glenbrooks | 4 | Lexington AA | Andrew Torrez |
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| Glenbrooks | 5 | Presentation NR | Rodrigo Paramo |
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| Glenbrooks | 7 | Immaculate Heart SP | Leah Villanueva |
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| Tournament | Round | Report |
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| Berkeley | 2 | Opponent: Cupertino YA | Judge: Lisa Kahler 1AC - lay ac |
| Berkeley | 3 | Opponent: Immaculate Heart RR | Judge: Andrew Qin 1ac - ukraine |
| Berkeley | 6 | Opponent: Able2Shine MC | Judge: Diana Alvarez 1ac - duality k aff |
| Berkeley | 6 | Opponent: Able2Shine MC | Judge: Diana Alvarez 1ac - duality k aff |
| Columbia | 3 | Opponent: Bronx Science SP | Judge: Akshay Manglik AC - lay aff |
| Columbia | 1 | Opponent: Princeton DW | Judge: Jayesh Patel 1ac - case |
| Columbia | 5 | Opponent: Christopher Columbus AM | Judge: Jian Hu 1AC - lay ac |
| Glenbrooks | 1 | Opponent: American Heritage Broward SS | Judge: Lukas Krause 1ac - ableism aff |
| Glenbrooks | 4 | Opponent: Lexington AA | Judge: Andrew Torrez 1ac - ac disclosure shell teachers aff |
| Glenbrooks | 5 | Opponent: Presentation NR | Judge: Rodrigo Paramo 1ac - Chrononormativity K |
| Glenbrooks | 7 | Opponent: Immaculate Heart SP | Judge: Leah Villanueva 1ac - us |
To modify or delete round reports, edit the associated round.
Cites
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0 - Contact InfoTournament: All | Round: Finals | Opponent: All | Judge: All Facebook: Madhav Nair (i dont check message reqs so friend req me first pls) | 8/14/21 |
0 - DebateDrillsTournament: All | Round: Finals | Opponent: All | Judge: All | 8/14/21 |
0 - NavigationTournament: All | Round: Finals | Opponent: All | Judge: All | 8/14/21 |
JANFEB - cp - cilTournament: Columbia | Round: 3 | Opponent: Bronx Science SP | Judge: Akshay Manglik States ought to:—Announce that appropriation of outer space by private actors violates the Outer Space Treaty and that this is a settled matter of customary international law—Announce that this action is taken pursuant to opinio juris (the belief that the action is taken pursuant to a legal obligation) and that non-compliant actors are in violation of international law—Fully comply, not appropriating outer space in a manner inconsistent with these proclamationsSolves the Aff.Fabio Tronchetti 8. Dr. Fabio Tronchetti works as a Co-Director of the Institute of Space Law and Strategy and as a Zhuoyue Associate Professor at Beihang University, "The Non–Appropriation Principle as a Structural Norm of International Law: A New Way of Interpreting Article II of the Outer Space Treaty," Air and Space Law, Volume 33, No 3, 2008, https://kluwerlawonline.com/journalarticle/Air+and+Space+Law/33.3/AILA2008021, RJP, DebateDrills. AND of a special character, namely ‘a structural norm’ of international law. That competes —-1~ Widespread support for OST overhaul means a new treaty is likely—-top military leaders are pushing it.Theresa Hitchens 21. Theresa Hitchens is the Space and Air Force reporter at Breaking Defense. The former Defense News editor was a senior research associate at the University of Maryland’s Center for International and Security Studies at Maryland (CISSM). Before that, she spent six years in Geneva, Switzerland as director of the United Nations Institute for Disarmament Research (UNIDIR). "US Should Push New Space Treaty: Atlantic Council," Breaking Defense, April 12, 2021, https://breakingdefense.com/2021/04/us-should-push-new-space-treaty-atlantic-council/, RJP, DebateDrills AND 193 nations — unless and until something new is there to replace it. 2~ Space law is typically treaty-based—-Russian and Chinese proposals prove.Stephanie Nebehay 8. Reporter, Reuters, "China, Russia to Offer Treaty to Ban Arms in Space," Reuters, January 26, 2008, https://www.reuters.com/article/us-arms-space/china-russia-to-offer-treaty-to-ban-arms-in-space-idUSL2578979020080125, RJP, DebateDrills AND But Washington’s plans have stirred concerns about non-nuclear arms in space. 3~ Treaties are the foundation of space law.Sophie Goguichvili et. al 21. Program Associate, the Wilson Center, "The Global Legal Landscape of Space: Who Writes the Rules on the Final Frontier?" The Wilson Center, October 1, 2021, https://www.wilsoncenter.org/article/global-legal-landscape-space-who-writes-rules-final-frontier, RJP, DebateDrills AND required to supervise the activities of their national entities (Art. VI). We solve better, since CIL is far superior to treaties for space AND causes follow-on.Koplow, 9 – Professor of Law, Georgetown University Law Center. AND ) edifice of international regulation of ASATs based simply on what countries do. | 2/19/22 |
JANFEB - cp - pcaTournament: Berkeley | Round: 3 | Opponent: Immaculate Heart RR | Judge: Andrew Qin Ukraine should:establish a national space policy declaring disputes over international space law and policy should be resolved via compulsory and binding arbitration through the Permanent Court of Arbitration (PCA).Submit the aff’s plan for binding arbitration through the PCA pursuant to the Optional Rules for the Arbitration of Disputes Relating to Outer Space Activities.not shirk full compliance with the tribunal’s rulings on matters relating to outer space activities.That establishes compulsory jurisdiction over the plan via the PCA, using the new Optional Space Rules—this is especially beneficial when relating to private agents.Kilgore 18 – Experienced international law and dispute mediation attorney, writing for the trade publication of the Federal Bar Susan Cone Kilgore, Attorney advising clients on international law issues and dispute mediation with the Leeser Law Firm PLLC, Former adjunct professor of law with the University of Houston Law Center, over 30 years of legal experience, primarily in various federal government positions including trying numerous federal cases and serving as Assistant United States Attorney for the Western District of Texas, former General Counsel for a telecommunications provider, former FBA vice president for the Fourth Circuit, Arbitration Rules for Disputes Arising from Outer Space Activity, The Federal Lawyer - Federal Bar Association, March 2018, http://www.fedbar.org/Resources'1/Federal-Lawyer-Magazine/2018/March/Features/Arbitration-Rules-for-Disputes-Arising-from-Outer-Space-Activity.aspx?FT=.pdf recut 2-15-2022 amrita AND actors—and the various sources of law that affect space activities.24 Solves and establishes effective PCA arbitration for space—they’ll agree with the plan, which solves the aff, but allow the effectiveness of PCA arbitration to be established for outer space.Goh 7 – Associate Prof of Law-Nat’l U of Singapore Dr. Gérardine Meishan Goh, Adjunct Associate Professor, Faculty of Law- National University of Singapore, Dispute Settlement in International Space Law: A Multi-Door Courthouse for Outer Space, Martinus Nijhoff Publishers, 2007, book accessible at https://openaccess.leidenuniv.nl/bitstream/handle/1887/11860/Thesis.pdf?sequence=10 recut 12-15-2022 amrita AND the efficacy, relevance and evolution of the framework of international space law. Strong arbitration framework solves war.Sievert and Norris 18 – Professors of International Affairs and Chinese Foreign Policy at the Bush School-Texas AandM Ronald Sievert, Associate Professor of the Practice and Director of the Certificate in Advanced International Affairs Program in the Bush School of Government and Public Service at Texas AandM University, and William Norris, associate professor of Chinese foreign and security policy at the Bush School and former associate focused on US-China escalation risks with the Nuclear Policy Program at the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, ed. by Catesby Holmes, Global Affairs Editor—The Conversation, Arbitration as a way out of the North Korean crisis, 2018, https://theconversation.com/arbitration-as-a-way-out-of-the-north-korean-crisis-91899 AND of unpalatable options. It is certainly far better than a disastrous war. | 2/20/22 |
JANFEB - da - ppwtTournament: Columbia | Round: 3 | Opponent: Bronx Science SP | Judge: Akshay Manglik The plan requires clarifying international space law—-causes strategic bargaining to extract concessionsAlexander William Salter 16, Assistant Professor of Economics, Rawls College of Business, Texas Tech University, "SPACE DEBRIS: A LAW AND ECONOMICS ANALYSIS OF THE ORBITAL COMMONS", 19 STAN. TECH. L. REV. 221 (2016), https://law.stanford.edu/wp-content/uploads/2017/11/19-2-2-salter-final'0.pdf AND secure a global response to a global commons problem are potentially quite high. Russia uses negotiations to push the PPWT—-erodes US space dominance—-unilat solvesMichael Listner 18, JD, Regent University School of Law, the founder and principal of the legal and policy think-tank/consultation firm Space Law and Policy Solutions, Sept 17 2018, "The art of lawfare and the real war in outer space", The Space Review, www.thespacereview.com/article/3571/1 AND hot war from occurring without sacrificing the superiority it possesses in outer space. The PPWT prohibits space-based missile defenseJack M. Beard 16, Associate Professor of Law at the University of Nebraska College of Law, Feb 15 2016, "Soft Law ’s Failure on the Horizon: The International Code of Conduct for Outer Space Activities", University of Pennsylvania Journal of International Law, Vol. 38, No. 2, 2016, https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?referer=andhttpsredir=1andarticle=1086andcontext=spacelaw AND point conceded even by China with respect to its own proposed PPWT).315 Causes rogue state missile threats—-that escalatesPatrick M. Shanahan 19, Acting Secretary of Defense from January to June 2019, previously vice president and general manager of Boeing Missile Defense Systems, Jan 2019, "2019 MISSILE DEFENSE REVIEW", US Department of Defense, https://media.defense.gov/2019/Jan/17/2002080666/-1/-1/1/2019-MISSILE-DEFENSE-REVIEW.PDF AND .S. declaratory policy as re-affirmed in the 2018 NPR. | 2/19/22 |
JANFEB - nc - layTournament: Columbia | Round: 1 | Opponent: Princeton DW | Judge: Jayesh Patel FrameworkI negate the resolution. This agrees with my opponent’s framework.Contention 1: Asteroid MiningMining Industry destroying itself.David Oni, Space analyst at Space in Africa, writes in 2019: AND dollar question is, what will become of the mining activities in Africa? Dwindling precious metals are key to innovation.Jeremy Hsu, Author in Popular Science and Scientific American mind, writes in 2012: AND satisfy the potential demand for thin-film photovoltaic surfaces (solar panels)." Asteroid mining provides the necessary precious metals for innovation.Matthew Williams, Journalist with articles in Universe Today and Business Insider, writes in 2020: AND going to space would be, that may not be the case indefinitely. Space Research is key to solving climate change.Greg Autry, Professor of Space Leadership at Thunderbird School of Global Management, writes in 2019: AND manufacturing, for instance, slashes the cost of solar installations in space. Contention 2: Safety ZonesWhat is a keep out zone? Keep-out zones are crucial to preventing space warsJames Acton, Co-director of the Nuclear Policy Program at the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, writes in 2021: AND a conventional war because it had underestimated the consequent risk of nuclear escalation. Space wars destroys satellites which hinders innovation and deters private companies.Thomas Roberts, space security researcher at the Center for Strategic and International Studies, writes in 2017: AND . and its allies depend on early-warning satellites to detect it. ====Recall the Greg Autry Evidence. It explains that space research solves climate change because it allows for efficient solar panels in space and spinoff technologies that reduce fuel emissions.==== | 2/19/22 |
JANFEB - t - fwkTournament: Berkeley | Round: 6 | Opponent: Able2Shine MC | Judge: Diana Alvarez Interpretation: The affirmative should only defend the hypothetical implementation of the resolution or just an epistemologicalwrongfully taking another's property as one's own. The term appropriation is often used not only with respect to real property but also with water. According to U.S. case law, a person completes an appropriation of water by diversion of the water and an application of the water to beneficial use.167 This common use of the term "appropriation" with respect to water illustrates two key points: (1) the term applies to natural resources-e.g., water or minerals-not just real property, and (2) mining space resources and putting them to beneficial use-e.g., selling or manufacturing the mined resources could reasonably be interpreted as an "appropriation" of outer space. While the ordinary meaning of "appropriation" reasonably includes the taking of natural resources as well as land, whether the drafters and parties to the OST envisioned such a broad meaning of the term remains difficult to determine with any certainty. The prohibition against appropriation "by any other means" supports such a reading, though, by expanding the prohibition to other types not explicitly described.168 AND any other celestial body could be taken as justification for national appropriation. 174 This response implies that Article II acts as a qualification on Article I's broad provision for free exploration and use of outer space by all. Activity such as resource extraction would be viewed as national appropriation and such activity cannot be justified given Article II's prohibition, not even by falling within the ordinaryResolved means a legislative policyWords and Phrases 64 Words and Phrases Permanent Edition. "Resolved". 1964. ED AND ," which is defined by Bouvier as meaning "to establish by law". Outer space means anything above Earth’s Karman lineDunnett 21 (Oliver Tristan, lecturer in geography at Queen’s University Belfast). Earth, Cosmos and Culture: Geographies of Outer Space in Britain, 1900–2020 (1st ed.). Routledge. 2021. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780815356301 EE AND start of the last century; and the geographical underpinnings of their relationship. "Appropriation" means to take as property – prefer our definition since it’s contextual to spaceLeon 18 (Amanda M., Associate, Caplin and Drysdale, JD UVA Law) "Mining for Meaning: An Examination of the Legality of Property Rights in Space Resources." Virginia Law Review, vol. 104, no. 3, May 2018, p. 497-547. HeinOnline. AND . Historically, claims to mineral rights have resulted in just as contentious conflict Private entity majority nonstate==== AND in outer space have operated in space almostas comprehensively as national organizations. 102 They violate—Standards:1~ Competitive equity – 3 warrants:A~ Ground: they get to pick the topic ex post facto which incentivizes vague argumentation that’s not grounded in a consistent, stable mechanism – they’re playing dodgeball with hand grenades – caselists are concessionary, unpredictable, beaten by perms, and don’t justify their model.B~ Limits: their model has no resolutional bound and creates the possibility for literally an infinite number of 1ACs. Not debating the topic allows someone to specialize in one area of the library for 4 years giving them a huge edge over people who switch research focus ever 2 months. Cutting negs to every possible aff is a commitment even large squads can’t handle, let alone small schools like us. Counter-interpretations are arbitrary, unpredictable, and don’t solve the world of neg prep because there’s no grounding in the resolutionC~ Causality: debating the resolution forces the affirmative to defend a cause and effect relationship, the state doing x results in y. Non topical affs establish their own barometer "I think x is good for me" that aren’t negatable – that independently decks clash cuz there’s no way for me to engage with the affirmative.D~ Fairness is an impact – ~1~ it’s an intrinsic good – some level of competitive equity is necessary to sustain the activity – if it didn’t exist, then there wouldn’t be value to the game since judges could literally vote whatever way they wanted regardless of the competing arguments made ~2~ probability – your ballot can’t solve their impacts but it can solve mine – debate can’t alter subjectivity, but can rectify skews ~3~ internal link turns every impact – a limited topic promotes in-depth research and engagement which is necessary to access all of their education ~4~ comes before substance – deciding any other argument in this debate cannot be disentangled from our inability to prepare for it – any argument you think they’re winning is a link, not a reason to vote for them, since it’s just as likely that they’re winning it because we weren’t able to effectively prepare to defeat it. This means they don’t get to weigh the aff.2~ Switch-side debate –A~ the reason debate is a unique process is because it demands rigorous testing of advocacy skills through not getting to pick and choose what to defend – it’s the only plausible explanation for the form of the activity – it also solves their offense.B~ topical version of the aff solves – they can still have all their advantages under TVA INSERT TVAC~ Vote negative – A~ this procedurally evaluates whether their model is good, which is a prior question B~ they can’t get offense: we don’t exclude them, only persuade you that our methodology is best. Every debate requires a winner and loser, so voting negative doesn’t reject them from debate, it just says they should make a better argument next time.3~ Skills – multiple warrantsA~ Argument Refinement and research – forcing them to defend the resolution makes them have to cut new positions every two months and forces them to explore the depths of the literature as opposed to just recycling the same set of non T affs over and over that lead repetitive and stale debates – they reject argument innovation and force every non t debate into either k vs t or k v k.B~ Education is an impact – it’s the only reason schools fund debate | 2/20/22 |
JANFEB - t - fwkTournament: Berkeley | Round: 6 | Opponent: Able2Shine MC | Judge: Diana Alvarez Interpretation: The affirmative should only defend the hypothetical implementation of the resolution or just an epistemologicalwrongfully taking another's property as one's own. The term appropriation is often used not only with respect to real property but also with water. According to U.S. case law, a person completes an appropriation of water by diversion of the water and an application of the water to beneficial use.167 This common use of the term "appropriation" with respect to water illustrates two key points: (1) the term applies to natural resources-e.g., water or minerals-not just real property, and (2) mining space resources and putting them to beneficial use-e.g., selling or manufacturing the mined resources could reasonably be interpreted as an "appropriation" of outer space. While the ordinary meaning of "appropriation" reasonably includes the taking of natural resources as well as land, whether the drafters and parties to the OST envisioned such a broad meaning of the term remains difficult to determine with any certainty. The prohibition against appropriation "by any other means" supports such a reading, though, by expanding the prohibition to other types not explicitly described.168 AND any other celestial body could be taken as justification for national appropriation. 174 This response implies that Article II acts as a qualification on Article I's broad provision for free exploration and use of outer space by all. Activity such as resource extraction would be viewed as national appropriation and such activity cannot be justified given Article II's prohibition, not even by falling within the ordinaryResolved means a legislative policyWords and Phrases 64 Words and Phrases Permanent Edition. "Resolved". 1964. ED AND ," which is defined by Bouvier as meaning "to establish by law". Outer space means anything above Earth’s Karman lineDunnett 21 (Oliver Tristan, lecturer in geography at Queen’s University Belfast). Earth, Cosmos and Culture: Geographies of Outer Space in Britain, 1900–2020 (1st ed.). Routledge. 2021. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780815356301 EE AND start of the last century; and the geographical underpinnings of their relationship. "Appropriation" means to take as property – prefer our definition since it’s contextual to spaceLeon 18 (Amanda M., Associate, Caplin and Drysdale, JD UVA Law) "Mining for Meaning: An Examination of the Legality of Property Rights in Space Resources." Virginia Law Review, vol. 104, no. 3, May 2018, p. 497-547. HeinOnline. AND . Historically, claims to mineral rights have resulted in just as contentious conflict Private entity majority nonstate==== AND in outer space have operated in space almostas comprehensively as national organizations. 102 They violate—Standards:1~ Competitive equity – 3 warrants:A~ Ground: they get to pick the topic ex post facto which incentivizes vague argumentation that’s not grounded in a consistent, stable mechanism – they’re playing dodgeball with hand grenades – caselists are concessionary, unpredictable, beaten by perms, and don’t justify their model.B~ Limits: their model has no resolutional bound and creates the possibility for literally an infinite number of 1ACs. Not debating the topic allows someone to specialize in one area of the library for 4 years giving them a huge edge over people who switch research focus ever 2 months. Cutting negs to every possible aff is a commitment even large squads can’t handle, let alone small schools like us. Counter-interpretations are arbitrary, unpredictable, and don’t solve the world of neg prep because there’s no grounding in the resolutionC~ Causality: debating the resolution forces the affirmative to defend a cause and effect relationship, the state doing x results in y. Non topical affs establish their own barometer "I think x is good for me" that aren’t negatable – that independently decks clash cuz there’s no way for me to engage with the affirmative.D~ Fairness is an impact – ~1~ it’s an intrinsic good – some level of competitive equity is necessary to sustain the activity – if it didn’t exist, then there wouldn’t be value to the game since judges could literally vote whatever way they wanted regardless of the competing arguments made ~2~ probability – your ballot can’t solve their impacts but it can solve mine – debate can’t alter subjectivity, but can rectify skews ~3~ internal link turns every impact – a limited topic promotes in-depth research and engagement which is necessary to access all of their education ~4~ comes before substance – deciding any other argument in this debate cannot be disentangled from our inability to prepare for it – any argument you think they’re winning is a link, not a reason to vote for them, since it’s just as likely that they’re winning it because we weren’t able to effectively prepare to defeat it. This means they don’t get to weigh the aff.2~ Switch-side debate –A~ the reason debate is a unique process is because it demands rigorous testing of advocacy skills through not getting to pick and choose what to defend – it’s the only plausible explanation for the form of the activity – it also solves their offense.B~ topical version of the aff solves – they can still have all their advantages under TVA INSERT TVAC~ Vote negative – A~ this procedurally evaluates whether their model is good, which is a prior question B~ they can’t get offense: we don’t exclude them, only persuade you that our methodology is best. Every debate requires a winner and loser, so voting negative doesn’t reject them from debate, it just says they should make a better argument next time.3~ Skills – multiple warrantsA~ Argument Refinement and research – forcing them to defend the resolution makes them have to cut new positions every two months and forces them to explore the depths of the literature as opposed to just recycling the same set of non T affs over and over that lead repetitive and stale debates – they reject argument innovation and force every non t debate into either k vs t or k v k.B~ Education is an impact – it’s the only reason schools fund debate | 2/20/22 |
JANFEB - t - nebelTournament: Berkeley | Round: 3 | Opponent: Immaculate Heart RR | Judge: Andrew Qin Interpretation – the aff may not defend that the appropriation of outer space by a certain set of private entities is unjust.Entities is a generic bare pluralNebel 20 ~Jake Nebel is an assistant professor of philosophy at the University of Southern California and executive director of Victory Briefs. He writes a lot of this stuff lol – duh.~ "Indefinite Singular Generics in Debate" Victory Briefs, 19 August 2020. no url AG AND This suggests that "a democracy" in the resolution is not existential. It applies to this topic – a~ entities is an existential bare plural bc it has no determiner b~ The sentence "The appropriation of outer space by private entities is unjust" does not imply "the appropriation of outer space by private and public entities is unjust"Violation – they spec Ukraine private entitiesStandards1~ Limits – they can spec infinite different entities like spaceX, etc.. - that’s supercharged by the ability to spec combinations of types of entities. This takes out functional limits – it’s impossible for me to research every possible combination of entities, governments, and appropriation.2~ TVA solves – just read your aff as an advantage to a whole rez aff – we don’t stop them from reading new FWs, mechanisms or advantages. PICs aren’t aff offense – a~ it’s ridiculous to say that neg potential abuse justifies the aff being non-T b~ There’s only a small number of pics on this topic c~ PICs incentivize them to write better affs that can generate solvency deficits to PICsFairness and education are voters – debate’s a game that needs rules to evaluate it and education gives us portable skills for life like research and thinking.Drop the debater – it deters future abuse and sets a positive norm.Use competing interps – reasonability invites arbitrary judge intervention since we don’t know your bs meterNo RVIs – illogical – you shouldn’t win for being fair – it’s a litmus test for engaging in substance | 2/20/22 |
NOVDEC - da - innovationTournament: Glenbrooks | Round: 7 | Opponent: Immaculate Heart SP | Judge: Leah Villanueva 1NCInnovation high nowDunleavy et al 21 Kevin Dunleavy, Eric Sagonowsky, Noah Higgins-Dunn, Fraiser Kansteiner, Angus Liu, 7-6-2021, "Innovation on hold during the pandemic? FDA says no with 29 approvals in first half of 2021," FiercePharma, https://www.fiercepharma.com/special-reports/innovation-hold-during-pandemic-fda-says-no-27-approvals-first-half-2021 EH AND and gene editing once seemed like science fiction but now are a reality." Unions drastically hurt innovation—empirics proveBradley et al 15 Daniel Bradley ~Department of Finance, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL~, Incheol Kim ~Department of Finance, Fordham University, New York, NY~, Xuan Tian ~Department of Finance, Indiana University, Bloomington~, originally posted 3-13-2013, revised 8-24-2015, "Do unions affect innovation?" https://sci-hub.se/https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract'id=2232351 EH AND that firms move their innovation activities away from states where union elections win. Medical innovation vital to global economyGII 19 Global Innovation Index ~The Global Innovation Index 2019 is the result of a collaboration between Cornell University, INSEAD, and the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) as co-publishers, and their Knowledge Partners, Confederation of Indian Industry, Dassault Systemes, Sebrae, Brazilian Micro and Small Industry Support Services, and Brazilian Confederation of Industry.~, November 13, 2019, "Is medical innovation the key to global economic growth?", https://www.globalinnovationindex.org/gii-blog/2019/Is-medical-innovation-the-key-to-global-economic-growth—b189 EH AND the elimination of indigenous peoples, extinction of other species4 and global warming. Econ decline goes nuclearTønnesson 15 Stein Research Professor, Peace Research Institute Oslo; Leader of East Asia Peace program, Uppsala University, 2015, "Deterrence, interdependence and Sino–US peace," International Area Studies Review, Vol. 18, No. 3, p. 297-311 AND each other, with a view to obliging Washington or Beijing to intervene. Now is key—we’re failing at diseases but tech necessarySmythe 17 Dr. Roy Smythe 17, Chief Medical Officer for Health Informatics, 10-30-2017, "Was Malthus right about healthcare?," Philips, https://www.philips.com/a-w/about/news/archive/blogs/innovation-matters/can-the-malthusian-crisis-theory-be-applied-to-healthcare.html, EH AND on a time course that allows us to avoid a Malthusian healthcare crisis. Future pandemics cause extinctionSupriya 21 Lakshmi Supriya ~B.Sc. Industrial Chemistry, Ph.D. Polymer Science and Engineering~, 21, 4-19-2021, "Humans versus viruses," News-Medical.net, https://www.news-medical.net/news/20210419/Humans-versus-viruses-Can-we-avoid-extinction-in-near-future.aspx EH AND the consequences may be and the next pandemic could lead us to extinction. | 11/21/21 |
NOVDEC - k - cap vs queernessTournament: Glenbrooks | Round: 5 | Opponent: Presentation NR | Judge: Rodrigo Paramo 1NCTheir idea that by hacking the resolution and debate they can challenge capitalist capture is false. Capitalism thrives on that narrative of "escape". Disrupting a logic or social system cannot solve, boring analysis of structures is necessary.Bluhdorn 07 – (May 2007, Ingolfur, PhD, Reader in Politics/Political Sociology, University of Bath, "Self-description, Self-deception, Simulation: A Systems-theoretical Perspective on Contemporary Discourses of Radical Change," Social Movement Studies, Vol. 6, No. 1, 1–20, May 2007, google scholar) AND for the physical expression and experience of the authenticity and reality of the alternative Their model of queer activism through transgression replicates neoliberalism by refusing the promise of collective transformationDrucker 15 ~Peter Drucker (Peter has emerged in the 21st century as a leading Marxist scholar in queer studies. His special contributions concern the roots of 'homonormativity' in neoliberalism, the impact of neoliberal globalization on same-sex sexualities in dependent countries, and links between queer and anti-capitalist resistance. He is also working on a series of studies on gender and sexual dimensions of Islamophobia, in both Europe and the Middle East. Finally, he continues his long-term work on the history of US and European socialism, connecting it to the left's record on feminist and LGBTIQ issues.); 2015; "Warped: Gay Normality and Queer Anti-Capitalism"; https://books.google.com/books?id='ByoBgAAQBAJandpg=PA301 BWSWJ~ AND pitfalls will require seeking new tactics and forms of organising within queer groups. The alternative is to theorize through Marxist Materialism – only collective action focused on a unified front can produce a queer anti-capitalismDrucker 11 ~Peter Drucker; "The Fracturing of LGBT Identities under Neoliberal Capitalism"; Historical Materialism 19.4 (2011) 3–32; http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.1000.69andrep=rep1andtype=pdf BWSWJ~ AND the perversions . . . may well express itself in other forms’.95 | 11/21/21 |
NOVDEC - t - fwkTournament: Glenbrooks | Round: 1 | Opponent: American Heritage Broward SS | Judge: Lukas Krause 1NC1Interpretation: The affirmative may only defend that a just government ought to recognize an unconditional right of workers to strike.Resolved means a policyWords and Phrases 64 Words and Phrases Permanent Edition. "Resolved". 1964. AND ," which is defined by Bouvier as meaning "to establish by law". A just government is a moral government – that’s a hypothetical govCambridge Dictionary No Date, (Cambridge Dictionary, "Just"), https://dictionary.cambridge.org/us/dictionary/english/just MNHS NL Recognize means to accept as legalCambridge Dictionary No Date, (Cambridge Dictionary, "Recognize"), https://dictionary.cambridge.org/us/dictionary/english/recognize MNHS NL AND . A worker is one who works manually or in an industry for a certain wage Merriam Webster ND https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/worker** VM They violate— they don’t defend a just government implementing the right to strike.Vote neg to preserve substantive engagement —1~ Preparation- changing the topic gives the aff a huge edge, they can prepare for 6 months on an issue that catches us by surprise. Preparation is better than thinking on your feet- research demonstrates pedagogical humility and research skills are the only portable debate training – the process of debate outweighs the content – only our interp generates the argumentative skills needed to rigorously defend their affirmative out of round and create engaged citizens2~ Limits- there are an infinite number of non topical affirmatives. not debating the topic allows someone to specialize in one area of the library for 4 years giving them a huge edge over people who switch research focus ever 2 months.3~ Truth testing - you can’t vote on the case outweighs T because lack of preparation prevents rigorous testing of the AC claims. If we win fairness we don’t have to "outweigh" other impacts4~ Switch side debate is good — it forces debaters to consider a controversial issue from multiple perspectives which prevents ideological dogmatism. Even if they prove the topic is bad, our argument is that the process of preparing and defending proposals is an educational benefit of engaging it.5~ fairness – debate is fundamentally a game which requires both sides to have a relatively equal shot at winning and is necessary for any benefit to the activity. That outweighs om decision-making: every argument concedes to the validity of fairness i.e. that the judge will make a fair decision based on the arguments presented. This means if they win fairness bad vote neg on presumption because you have no obligation to fairly evaluate their arguments.6~ small schools disad: under-resourced are most adversely affected by a massive, unpredictable caselist which worsens structural disparitiesTVA: read a soft left ableism aff in which the just government enforces the unconditional right to strike – none of their offense indicts a just government, but even if it does, x-apply switch side debate – the aff can rectify problems in the squo via policyDisads to the TVA prove there’s negative ground and that it’s a contestable stasis point, and if their critique is incompatible with the topic reading it on the neg solvesWinning their thesis doesn’t answer T because only through the process of clash can they refine their defense of it—they need an explanation of why we switch sides and why there’s a winner and loser under their modelReject the team—T is question of models of debate and the damage to our strategy was already done. Drop the team on theory generally to deter infinite abuseCompeting interps – reasonability is arbitrary, you can’t be reasonably topical, and causes a race to the bottom of questionable argumentation.RVIs and impact turns encourage all in on theory which decks substance and incentivize baiting theory with abusive practices.No impact turns—exclusions are inevitable because we only have 45 minutes so it’s best to draw those exclusions along reciprocal lines to ensure a role for the negative | 11/21/21 |
NOVDEC - t - nebelTournament: Glenbrooks | Round: 4 | Opponent: Lexington AA | Judge: Andrew Torrez 1NCInterp – the affirmative may not specify what workers they ought to protect the unconditional right to strike for.Workers is a generic bare plural.Nebel 20 ~Jake Nebel is an assistant professor of philosophy at the University of Southern California and executive director of Victory Briefs. He writes a lot of this stuff lol – duh.~ "Indefinite Singular Generics in Debate" Victory Briefs, 19 August 2020. no url AG AND This suggests that "a democracy" in the resolution is not existential. Violation – they spec teachersIt applies to this topic – democracy was the subject of SeptOct that year the same way workers are the subject of NovDec because "A just government ought to recognize the rights of teachers – therefore, a just government ought to recognize the rights of all workers" is illogical.1~ Limits – there’s so many different types of workers they could specify, coupled with various types of countries. Kills neg burdens – it’s impossible for me to research every possible type of job position AND different permutations of those job positions.2~ TVA – read your aff as an advantage to a whole rez aff. We aren’t stopping them from reading new frameworks, mechanisms, or advantages. PICs don’t solve – it’s ridiculous to say that neg potential abuse justifies the aff making it impossible for me to win.Fairness and education are voters – debate’s a game that needs rules to evaluate it and education gives us portable skills for life like research and thinking.Drop the debater – T indicts their entire advocacy so drop the arg is the same thingNo RVIs – a) illogical – you shouldn’t win for being fair – it’s a litmus test for engaging in substance, b) norming – I can’t concede the counterinterp if I realize I’m wrong which forces me to argue for bad norms, c) chilling effect – forces you to split your 2AR so you can’t collapse and misconstrue the 2NR, d) topic ed – prevents 1AR blipstorm scripts and allows us to get back to substance after resolving theory | 11/21/21 |
NOVDEC - t - nebel governmentTournament: Glenbrooks | Round: 7 | Opponent: Immaculate Heart SP | Judge: Leah Villanueva 1NCInterp – the Aff may not specify a "just" government.Governments is a generic bare plural.Nebel 20 ~Jake Nebel is an assistant professor of philosophy at the University of Southern California and executive director of Victory Briefs. He writes a lot of this stuff lol – duh.~ "Indefinite Singular Generics in Debate" Victory Briefs, 19 August 2020. no url AG AND This suggests that "a democracy" in the resolution is not existential. Violation – they spec ~~Upward Entailment test fails – democracy was the subject of SeptOct that year the same way governments are the subject of NovDec because "A just government ought to recognize the rights of workers– therefore, only ~~ ought to recognize the rights of all workers" is illogical.1~ Limits – there’s so many just governments they could specify, coupled with various types of workers. Kills neg burdens – it’s impossible for me to research every possible just government AND different permutations of those governments.2~ TVA – read your aff as an advantage to a whole rez aff. We aren’t stopping them from reading new frameworks, mechanisms, or advantages. PICs don’t solve – it’s ridiculous to say that neg potential abuse justifies the aff making it impossible for me to win. | 11/21/21 |
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