Lake Highland Badawy Neg
| Tournament | Round | Opponent | Judge | Cites | Round Report | Open Source | Edit/Delete |
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| Barkley Forum | 2 | Charlotte Latin AP | Carrasco, Carlos |
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| Barkley Forum | 3 | Peninsula AB | McGinnis, David |
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| Barkley Forum | 5 | Ardrey Kell RG | Melin, Jenn |
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| Barkley Forum | 6 | Monta Vista KR | JP Stuckert |
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| Blue Key | 1 | Academy Of Classical Christian Studies JM | Gedela, Tej |
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| Blue Key | 4 | Lexington VM | Bhatnagar, Sanjana |
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| Blue Key | 6 | Monta Vista KR | McLoughlin, Samantha |
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| Blue Key | Doubles | BASIS Independent Silicon Valley SK | Stuckert, James Mehra, Arun Kang, Arjan |
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| Blue Key | Octas | Strake Jesuit NW | Robinson, Tajaih Cogen, Sam Plat, Breigh |
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| Blue Key RR | 2 | Cardinal Gibbons RS | Mukherjee, Rishi Morris, Brendon |
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| Contact Info | 1 | NA | NA |
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| Disclosure | Finals | Disclosure | Disclosure |
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| FFL States | 2 | NSU SF | Hernandez, Javier |
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| Glenbrooks | 3 | Coppell RM | Kivimaki, Mark |
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| Glenbrooks | 6 | Millburn AX | Ratnasabapathy, Tarun |
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| Glenbrooks | 7 | Westwood AR | Anderson, Sam |
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| Grapevine | 3 | Coppell EH | Andrew Torrez |
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| Grapevine | 2 | Memorial SC | JP Stuckert |
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| Greenhill | 2 | Immaculate Heart BC | Chris Castillo |
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| Greenhill | 6 | Harker AnSh | Andrew Gong |
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| Greenhill | 4 | Cabot JB | Dosch, David |
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| Harvard | 1 | Trinity Prep JC | Fabriece Etienne |
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| Harvard | 4 | Acton-Boxborough AK | Dylan Jones |
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| Harvard | 6 | Acton-Boxborough TW | Sam Anderson |
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| Harvard | Doubles | Prospect ST | Panel |
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| Harvard | Octas | BASIS Peoria PY | Panel |
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| Harvard | Finals | Strake Jesuit ZD | Panel |
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| Harvard | Quarters | Harrison MB | Panel |
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| Lexington | 3 | NSU SF | Freedman, William |
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| Lexington | 6 | Mission San Jose SR | Kirkpatrick, Braedon |
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| Lexington | Doubles | Millburn ST | Panel |
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| Lexington | 1 | Loyola SG | Eric He |
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| New York City Invitational | 4 | Hunter AH | Emily Jackson |
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| New York City Invitational | 1 | Montville HB | Patel, Vandan |
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| Palm Classic | 2 | Harvard-Westlake AW | Aaron, Brianna |
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| Palm Classic | 3 | Harker RM | Ying, Derek |
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| Palm Classic | 5 | Immaculate Heart RR | John Boals |
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| Palm Classic | Doubles | Mission San Jose SR | Panel |
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| Palm Classic | Octas | Westwood PM | Panel |
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| Strake Jesuit Invitational | 1 | Tays KM | Fox, Patrick |
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| Strake Jesuit Invitational | 4 | Cooper City NR | StPeter, Joshua |
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| Strake Jesuit Invitational | 6 | Memorial SC | Plat, Breigh |
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| Sunvite | 1 | Unionville AS | Datti, Abhilash |
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| Sunvite | 4 | Lexington MS | Jacob Palmer |
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| Sunvite | 6 | Durham ZG | Montague, Heaven |
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| Sunvite | Octas | Murphy Independent AW | Panel |
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| Sunvite | Octas | San Mateo YR | Panel |
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| Tournament of Champions | 2 | BASIS Independent Silicon Valley SK | Nails, Jacob |
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| Tournament of Champions | 3 | Claudia Taylor Johnson AP | Kurian, Michael |
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| Tournament of Champions | 5 | Hawken EB | Larsen, Rose |
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| Tournament of Champions | Triples | Isidore Newman EE | Panel |
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| Tournament | Round | Report |
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| Barkley Forum | 2 | Opponent: Charlotte Latin AP | Judge: Carrasco, Carlos 1AC - Cap |
| Barkley Forum | 3 | Opponent: Peninsula AB | Judge: McGinnis, David 1AC - Space Colonialism |
| Barkley Forum | 5 | Opponent: Ardrey Kell RG | Judge: Melin, Jenn 1AC - Mining |
| Barkley Forum | 6 | Opponent: Monta Vista KR | Judge: JP Stuckert KEY CLARIFICATION - THIS IS AFF |
| Blue Key | 1 | Opponent: Academy Of Classical Christian Studies JM | Judge: Gedela, Tej 1AC - Kant Long Underview |
| Blue Key | 4 | Opponent: Lexington VM | Judge: Bhatnagar, Sanjana 1AC - Kant |
| Blue Key | 6 | Opponent: Monta Vista KR | Judge: McLoughlin, Samantha 1AC - |
| Blue Key | Doubles | Opponent: BASIS Independent Silicon Valley SK | Judge: Stuckert, James Mehra, Arun Kang, Arjan 1AC - Kant Tricks |
| Blue Key | Octas | Opponent: Strake Jesuit NW | Judge: Robinson, Tajaih Cogen, Sam Plat, Breigh 1AC - Asian Melancholy |
| Blue Key RR | 2 | Opponent: Cardinal Gibbons RS | Judge: Mukherjee, Rishi Morris, Brendon 1AC - Bataille Cap |
| Contact Info | 1 | Opponent: NA | Judge: NA Email badawyay@lhpreporg |
| Disclosure | Finals | Opponent: Disclosure | Judge: Disclosure If you have any disclosure interps you want me to meet please text me before round at 407-244-2180 or use any other communication method in contact info My wiki has bugged out which is why some citesa couple OS are missing |
| FFL States | 2 | Opponent: NSU SF | Judge: Hernandez, Javier 1AC - Trad-ish |
| Glenbrooks | 3 | Opponent: Coppell RM | Judge: Kivimaki, Mark 1AC - Racialized SemiocapCharizard |
| Glenbrooks | 6 | Opponent: Millburn AX | Judge: Ratnasabapathy, Tarun 1AC - Deleuze |
| Glenbrooks | 7 | Opponent: Westwood AR | Judge: Anderson, Sam 1AC - Egypt |
| Grapevine | 3 | Opponent: Coppell EH | Judge: Andrew Torrez 1AC - TRIPs Waiver |
| Grapevine | 2 | Opponent: Memorial SC | Judge: JP Stuckert 1AC - Evergreening |
| Greenhill | 2 | Opponent: Immaculate Heart BC | Judge: Chris Castillo 1AC - CRISPR |
| Greenhill | 6 | Opponent: Harker AnSh | Judge: Andrew Gong 1AC - EU Aff |
| Greenhill | 4 | Opponent: Cabot JB | Judge: Dosch, David 1AC - TRIPs Waiver |
| Harvard | 1 | Opponent: Trinity Prep JC | Judge: Fabriece Etienne 1AC - Fem Debris |
| Harvard | 4 | Opponent: Acton-Boxborough AK | Judge: Dylan Jones 1AC - Rocket Launches |
| Harvard | 6 | Opponent: Acton-Boxborough TW | Judge: Sam Anderson 1AC - Util |
| Harvard | Doubles | Opponent: Prospect ST | Judge: Panel 1AC - Kant |
| Harvard | Octas | Opponent: BASIS Peoria PY | Judge: Panel 1AC - Afropess |
| Harvard | Finals | Opponent: Strake Jesuit ZD | Judge: Panel 1AC - Black Liberation |
| Harvard | Quarters | Opponent: Harrison MB | Judge: Panel 1AC - Ethnofuturism v2 |
| Lexington | 3 | Opponent: NSU SF | Judge: Freedman, William 1AC - Kant |
| Lexington | 6 | Opponent: Mission San Jose SR | Judge: Kirkpatrick, Braedon 1AC - Prag |
| Lexington | Doubles | Opponent: Millburn ST | Judge: Panel 1AC - Korsgaard |
| Lexington | 1 | Opponent: Loyola SG | Judge: Eric He 1AC - DebrisMining |
| New York City Invitational | 4 | Opponent: Hunter AH | Judge: Emily Jackson 1AC - Evergreening |
| New York City Invitational | 1 | Opponent: Montville HB | Judge: Patel, Vandan 1AC - COVID Waivers |
| Palm Classic | 2 | Opponent: Harvard-Westlake AW | Judge: Aaron, Brianna 1AC - Cap |
| Palm Classic | 3 | Opponent: Harker RM | Judge: Ying, Derek 1AC - Mining |
| Palm Classic | 5 | Opponent: Immaculate Heart RR | Judge: John Boals 1AC - Mars |
| Palm Classic | Doubles | Opponent: Mission San Jose SR | Judge: Panel 1AC - GPS |
| Palm Classic | Octas | Opponent: Westwood PM | Judge: Panel 1AC - ISS |
| Strake Jesuit Invitational | 1 | Opponent: Tays KM | Judge: Fox, Patrick 1AC - Debris AFC |
| Strake Jesuit Invitational | 4 | Opponent: Cooper City NR | Judge: StPeter, Joshua 1AC - Baudrillaurd |
| Strake Jesuit Invitational | 6 | Opponent: Memorial SC | Judge: Plat, Breigh 1AC - Cap |
| Sunvite | 1 | Opponent: Unionville AS | Judge: Datti, Abhilash 1AC - Megaconstellation |
| Sunvite | 4 | Opponent: Lexington MS | Judge: Jacob Palmer 1AC - Disability |
| Sunvite | 6 | Opponent: Durham ZG | Judge: Montague, Heaven 1AC - US |
| Sunvite | Octas | Opponent: Murphy Independent AW | Judge: Panel 1AC - Space Communism |
| Sunvite | Octas | Opponent: San Mateo YR | Judge: Panel 1AC - I-Law Contact Info |
| Tournament of Champions | 2 | Opponent: BASIS Independent Silicon Valley SK | Judge: Nails, Jacob 1AC - Lunar Heritage |
| Tournament of Champions | 3 | Opponent: Claudia Taylor Johnson AP | Judge: Kurian, Michael 1AC - Disability Pess |
| Tournament of Champions | 5 | Opponent: Hawken EB | Judge: Larsen, Rose 1AC - Fem |
| Tournament of Champions | Triples | Opponent: Isidore Newman EE | Judge: Panel 1AC - Celestial Bodies |
To modify or delete round reports, edit the associated round.
Cites
| Entry | Date |
|---|---|
0 - Barkley Forum R6 ClarificationTournament: Barkley Forum | Round: 6 | Opponent: Monta Vista KR | Judge: JP Stuckert | 2/20/22 |
0 - Contact InfoTournament: Contact Info | Round: 1 | Opponent: NA | Judge: NA | 1/17/22 |
0 - Disclosure NoteTournament: Disclosure | Round: Finals | Opponent: Disclosure | Judge: Disclosure note - octas vs san mateo YR is lexington octos, not sunvite octos - I can't change it to lex for some reason. | 2/12/22 |
1 - Disclosure Before RoundTournament: Palm Classic | Round: 2 | Opponent: Harvard-Westlake AW | Judge: Aaron, Brianna 1 – DisclosureInterpretation: Debaters must provide the affirmative to their opponent if asked or say it’s a new aff.Violation: they don’t – I contacted themPrefer:~1~ Quality engagement —- disclosure allows in-depth preparation before the round which checks back against unpredictable positions and allows debaters to effectively write case negs and blocks. Quality engagement is an independent voter because the constitutive reason we debate is to engage and have clash. Its also key to fairness since I need to have prep to win.Impacts: (a) outweighs any theory benefit, and is an independent voter —- the macro level reason why we do debate is to get good research skills and information and (b) constrains your ability to even vote on the aff because the debate could have been much better if the research opportunity was there.Drop the debater – a~ to deter future abuse b~ it indicts the aff advocacyNo crossapps from case – I am indicting the way you are reading your case and you not disclosing skewed my ability to respond.Education is a voter – it’s the terminal impact of debate and absent quality education we can’t export strategies to solve things like oppression.No RVIs –A~ baiting – justifies abusiveB~ substance ed – with RVIs the 1ar goes for disclosure the whole times destroying debates over other parts of the flowC~ illogical – I’m fair vote for me makes no sense – you don’t win for meeting your burden - logic comes first on all arguments since they need to maek sense to be evaluableCompeting interps – a~ anything else invites judge intervention since reasonability brightliens are arbitrary – judge intervention is the worst since b~ creates cohesive norms where we compareNormsetting over in round abuse – | 2/12/22 |
1 - G - Cant Contradict DisclosureTournament: Sunvite | Round: Octas | Opponent: San Mateo YR | Judge: Panel 1 – Can’t Violate Your Own Shell on the WikiInterpretation: Debaters must follow their own disclosure interpretation that they disclose on their High School NDCA LD wiki page That means you should drop them - | 1/17/22 |
1 - G - Dean KTournament: Blue Key | Round: Octas | Opponent: Strake Jesuit NW | Judge: Robinson, Tajaih Cogen, Sam Plat, Breigh 2 – DeanForms of fragmented politics completely cedes the political to capitalism. Engagement in undercommon communication is too individualized and resists collective and concrete change. This constitutes enjoyment of melancholic pleasures of being distanced and accommodated to the real world, and as a result remains stuck in parasitic oppression without change – Dean 13:"Communist Desire", Jodi Dean, , 2013, LHP AM Capitalism is the root cause of gender and racial division—it's rooted in underlying structures of power found in capitalist modes of production and their ideological elements—that means discussion of class is a prerequisite to solvency.Scatamburlo-D'Annibale and McLauren 03, V. and Peter McLaren, "The Strategic Centrality of Class in the Politics of 'Race' and 'Difference'", UCLA, 2003, http://pages.gseis.ucla.edu/faculty/mclaren/mclaren20and20valerie.pdf The alternative is the politics of the comrade – one that is oriented toward a shared communist horizon – only our methodology can fight capitalism, anything else allows it to take over co-opting any movement – Dean 19:Dean, Jodi. Comrade: An essay on political belonging. Verso, 2019. LHP BT + LHP PS The role of the ballot is fidelity to the truth – dedication to a shared horizon is liberatory, Dean 19:Dean, Jodi. Comrade: An essay on political belonging. Verso, 2019. LHP BT + LHP PS | 1/17/22 |
1 - G - Dean K v2Tournament: Glenbrooks | Round: 3 | Opponent: Coppell RM | Judge: Kivimaki, Mark 1 – DeanForms of fragmented politics completely cedes the political to capitalism. Engagement in undercommon communication is too individualized and resists collective and concrete change. This constitutes enjoyment of melancholic pleasures of being distanced and accommodated to the real world, and as a result remains stuck in parasitic oppression without change – Dean 13:"Communist Desire", Jodi Dean, , 2013, LHP AM AND as they capture us in activities that feel productive, important, radical. The alternative is the politics of the comrade – one that is oriented toward a shared communist horizon – only our methodology can fight capitalism, anything else allows it to take over co-opting any movement – Dean 19:Dean, Jodi. Comrade: An essay on political belonging. Verso, 2019. LHP BT + LHP PS AND in, welcoming the new comrade into relations irreducible to their broader setting. The role of the ballot is fidelity to the truth – dedication to a shared horizon is liberatory, Dean 19:Dean, Jodi. Comrade: An essay on political belonging. Verso, 2019. LHP BT + LHP PS AND that comrade relations produce. It concentrates comradeship even as comradeship exceeds it. | 11/20/21 |
1 - G - Method DATournament: Blue Key RR | Round: 2 | Opponent: Cardinal Gibbons RS | Judge: Mukherjee, Rishi Morris, Brendon 3 – Method DAThe aff views politics as working at the margins and works on policies that escapes those margins. Leftist politics are attached to mourning, but aren't willing to overcome it. It has already ceded any claim to politics as staking a universal claim, or anything that is envisioned as liberatory relevant to the system we are in. The aff cedes the political to capitalism and instead gains a form of narcissistic and melancholic pleasure.~Dean 3*, Jodi. "Communist desire." The Ends of History. Routledge, 2013. 14-31.~ LHP BT and JW Anti-Cap and Anti-CC struggle needs the state; the perm is true.https://www.versobooks.com/blogs/5168-we-must-nationalise-total | 10/29/21 |
1 - G - Open Source v2Tournament: New York City Invitational | Round: 4 | Opponent: Hunter AH | Judge: Emily Jackson Interpretation: Debaters must disclose all broken positions (AC’s, NC’s, K’s, DA’s, CP’s) on the NDCA wiki under their own name open sourced.Violation: They don’t – screenshots
Prefer:~1~ Quality engagement —- disclosure allows in-depth preparation before the round which checks back against unpredictable positions and allows debaters to effectively write case negs and blocks. Quality engagement is an independent voter because the constitutive reason we debate is to engage and have clash. Its also key to fairness since I need to have prep to win.~2~ Academic Ethics —- disclosure deters mis-cutting, power-tagging, abuse of brackets, ellipses, and plagiarism. This is an independent reason to vote you down because it promotes better norms about academic engagement. Academic ethics establish a crucial real-world norm, and outweighs any in-round impact.~3~ Research —- disclosure incentives more in-depth and focused research since we can go past the stock arguments. NAILS 13:~Nails, Jacob. "A Defense of Disclosure (Including Third-Party Disclosure)." NSDUpdate. October 10th, 2013. LHP AA~ ~4~ Small schools – Disclosure is key to combat prep inequality – otherwise big schools share their prep with each other and small schools never get access to it, making engagement impossible.Impacts: (a) outweighs other theory args , and is an independent voter —- the macro level reason why we do debate is to get good research skills and information(b) constrains your ability to even vote aff because the debate could have been much better if the research opportunity was there and non disclosure hindered my ability to respond to the affDrop the debater a) crossapply deter future abuse (b) dropping the arg on disclosure is incoherent – it indicts the entirety of the 1ACNo RVI’s – crossapplyCompeting interpretations – a~ reasonability is arbitrary since it relies upon judge opinion which outweighs since it’s terminally unfair – it relies on something completely out of control and b~ reasonability collapses into competing interpretations since you need to justify why your brightline is better than competing ones. | 10/16/21 |
1 - G - Outline StratTournament: Blue Key | Round: Doubles | Opponent: BASIS Independent Silicon Valley SK | Judge: Stuckert, James Mehra, Arun Kang, Arjan 1 – Theory StratInterpretation: If there are offensive theory arguments in the AC, then they must explicitly outline in the text of the AC a strategy that the 1N could employ that doesn't violate any theory constraints in the aff. To clarify, you can still read your spikes, you just need to also specify a strat.Violation:Standards:Substantive Education: They need to specify in the text of the aff what type of strategies would be permissible because otherwise it is inevitable that I will slip up and that the round will turn into a theory debate. This denies any sort of substantive education since there are always more constraints on what sort of substantive education is good under the aff underview. It also makes the quality of the theory debate worse because the arguments are developed very unclearly in the underview, rather they can either read just a few arguments that are well developed or they read the arguments in the 1AR.They can't specify the arguments in CX becausea) there is no reason I should waste time on clarifying your advocacyb) I need all the prep time to make a strategyc) it's inefficient to try and question them through each strategy that doesn't work takes too longd) they need to specify before I begin forming a strategy because they need to clarify what ground is entailed by the shells because absent that its impossible to tell what the combination looks like.Key to education because in order to know the truth of the claim we need to be able to contest it.B. Strat Skew: If they don't specify what sort of strategy wouldn't violate any of the shells then they can defend contradictory spikes that makes it impossible for the neg to win because there is always a violation. This outweighs any aff arguments for why the 1AR is hard because contradictory spikes are functionally NIBs, since you have to respond to the spikes but you don't win if you do. This should also serve as the litmus test to whether or not the combination of spikes should be something that is fair in this round. If the strategy that they said wouldn't violate any spikes is absurd and offers the neg no ground then you should err voting neg off of the independent unfairness of their specific combination of spikes. This is outweighs on fairness because it is a matter of comparing 0 possible neg ground to a slightly harder time in the 1AR.And, paragraph theory is uniquely hard to flow- it's all short, blippy arguments that are not well structured, uniquely disadvantaging disabled individuals, which excludes them from the activity. THOMPSON:Marshall Thompson – Former Debater and Current Coach. http://vbriefly.com/2015/04/21/marshall-thoughts/ Accessibility is an independent voter that outweighs: if people can't participate in debate then what happens inside of rounds isn't relevant. Also turns the aff because proves the aff isn't open to everyone and procedural deliberation are uniquely hurting people.DTD~a~ Epistemic Skew - I was structurally precluded from engaging in substance given the time spent reading the shell and the abuse itself, means you can't truly evaluate substance because they are always ahead No RVIs –A~ logic Competing Interps – | 10/31/21 |
1 - G - PresumptionPermiss NegateTournament: Greenhill | Round: 6 | Opponent: Harker AnSh | Judge: Andrew Gong 3 – Presumption/PermissibilityPermissibility Negates –1~ Semantics – Ought is defined as expressing obligation which means absent a proactive obligation you vote neg since there’s a trichotomy between prohibition, obligation, and permissibility and proving one disproves the other two.2~ Safety – It’s ethically safer to presume the squo since we know what the squo is but we can’t know whether the aff will be good or not if ethics are incoherent.3~ Logic – Propositions require positive justification before being accepted, otherwise one would be forced to accept the validity of logically contradictory propositions regarding subjects one knows nothing about, i.e if one knew nothing about P one would have to presume that both the "P" and "~P" are true.4~ Shiftiness – Permissibility ground encourages the aff to load up with triggers and the 1ar controls the direction of the round which means they can moot all my offense, I need permissibility in the 2n to compensate.Presume neg- A. We assume statements to be false until proven true. That is why we don’t believe in alternate realities or conspiracy theories. The lack of a reason something is false does not me it is assumed to be true. B. Statements are more often false then true. If I say this pen is red, I can only prove it true in one way by demonstrating that it is indeed red, where I can prove it false in an infinite amount of ways. | 9/20/21 |
1 - G - Util FWKTournament: Lexington | Round: Doubles | Opponent: Millburn ST | Judge: Panel 1 – Util====Pain and pleasure are intrinsically valuable – to justify beyond that runs into moral incoherence. Moen 16,==== AND places where we reach the end of the line in matters of value. Thus, the standard is maximizing expected well-being (Act Util). Prefer additionally.1~ Non-natural moral facts are epistemically inaccessiblePapinau ’07 (David ~David Papineau is an academic philosopher. He works as Professor of Philosophy of Science at King's College London, having previously taught for several years at Cambridge University and been a fellow of Robinson College, Cambridge~, "Naturalism". http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/naturalism/ 2007) AND it is hard to see how we can have any knowledge of them. 2~ Bindingness- only pursuing pleasure and avoiding pain can motivate action consistently- no external system of ethics has anything intrinsic that dictate it be followed. Chemical and biological responses to certain experiences provide objective markers of pleasure and pain while maximizing deontological ethical principles are unverifiable.~3~ It’s a lexical pre-requisite. Threats to bodily security and life preclude the ability for moral actors to effectively act upon other moral theories since they are in a constant state of crisis, and if people are dead they can’t actualize any ethical theory.~3~ Degrees of wrongness – only consequences can explain why some actions are better or worse than others – breaking a promise to take someone to lunch isn’t as bad as breaking a promise to take a dying person to the hospital but only the consequences of breaking it can explain why, so all ethical theories collapse to util and other ethical theories are irresolvable/unweighable.~4~ No intent-foresight distinction—if we foresee a consequence, then it becomes part of our deliberation which makes it intrinsic to our action since we intend it to happen.~5~ Topic lit – most articles are written through the lens of util since they’re crafted for policymakers and the general public to understand who take consequences to be important, not philosophy majors. Fairness bc you vote for better debater not better cheater. Education because that is the terminal impact of debate. These are framework warrants, not a reason to drop the debater.6~ Use epistemic modesty for evaluating the framework debate – that’s multiplying the probability a framework is true by its relative offenseA~ Substantively true since high probability of winning your framework increases the odds that your impacts matters, but that probability is still dependent of the impacts. A 51 chance your framework is true still means there is a 49 chance my impacts matter – modesty produces the highest chance of moral actionsB~ Clash—disincentives debaters from going all in for framework which means we get the ideal balance between topic ed and phil edExtinctionExtinction hijacks and side constrains the framework – it o/w and comes firstPummer 15 ~Theron, Junior Research Fellow in Philosophy at St. Anne's College, University of Oxford. "Moral Agreement on Saving the World" Practical Ethics, University of Oxford. May 18, 2015~ AT AND be acting very wrongly." (From chapter 36 of On What Matters) | 1/17/22 |
1 - G - Util KTournament: Greenhill | Round: 2 | Opponent: Immaculate Heart BC | Judge: Chris Castillo Util creates a moral obligation to oppress people, when their suffering would cause a greater amount of happiness for the majority. Gold 19Gold, Jeffrey and Devalve, Michael. (2019). Utilitarian and Deontological Approaches to Criminal Justice Ethics. 10.4324/9780429203626-3.\ AND we are always treating the victim as a means to our own ends. They read morally repugnant arguments. Thus the alternative is to drop the debater, to ensure that debate remains a space safe for all – the judge has a proximal obligation to ensure inaccessible practices don’t proliferate. Accessibility is a voting issue since all arguments presuppose that people feel safe in this space to respond to them. | 9/18/21 |
1 - G - Util K v2Tournament: Greenhill | Round: 6 | Opponent: Harker AnSh | Judge: Andrew Gong Util KReading util is a voting issue – it justifies the killing of people who use up more resources than others – i.e. if one person uses 5 resources that could be given to 5 other people that use 1 resource, killing them would be just. Also justifies killing depressed people – if depressed people gain less happiness from their resources, it’s better under util to give those resources to people that would use those resources to be happy. Links to accessibility. Accessibility is your first obligation – if debate were violent no one would participate in it and making it more inclusive actively leads to debate being a better place. | 9/20/21 |
1 - K - Dean v3Tournament: Sunvite | Round: 4 | Opponent: Lexington MS | Judge: Jacob Palmer 1AR1 – DeanForms of fragmented politics completely cedes the political to capitalism. Engagement in undercommon communication is too individualized and resists collective and concrete change. This constitutes enjoyment of melancholic pleasures of being distanced and accommodated to the real world, and as a result remains stuck in parasitic oppression without change – Dean 13:"Communist Desire", Jodi Dean, , 2013, LHP AM AND as they capture us in activities that feel productive, important, radical. A focus on discourse is an abandonment of real change – we must use a materialist focus to solve oppression Cloud ‘1:(Dana L. Cloud, Associate Professor, Communication Studies UT Austin, "The Affirmative Masquerade," American Communication Journal, Volume 4, Issue 3, Spring 2001, http://www.acjournal.org/holdings/vol4/iss3/special/cloud.htm) AND It is the means for producing transformative knowledges. (p. 7) The alternative is the politics of the comrade – one that is oriented toward a shared communist horizon – only our methodology can fight capitalism, anything else allows it to take over co-opting any movement – Dean 19:Dean, Jodi. Comrade: An essay on political belonging. Verso, 2019. LHP BT + LHP PS AND in, welcoming the new comrade into relations irreducible to their broader setting. The role of the ballot is fidelity to the truth – dedication to a shared horizon is liberatory, Dean 19:Dean, Jodi. Comrade: An essay on political belonging. Verso, 2019. LHP BT + LHP PS AND that comrade relations produce. It concentrates comradeship even as comradeship exceeds it. | 1/8/22 |
1 - K - Dean v4Tournament: Harvard | Round: Quarters | Opponent: Harrison MB | Judge: Panel 3 – Dean(precondition to endorsing action, that’s bad) 1~ A focus on discourse is an abandonment of real change – we must use a materialist focus to solve oppression Cloud ‘1:(Dana L. Cloud, Associate Professor, Communication Studies UT Austin, "The Affirmative Masquerade," American Communication Journal, Volume 4, Issue 3, Spring 2001, http://www.acjournal.org/holdings/vol4/iss3/special/cloud.htm)==== | 2/22/22 |
1 - K - Dean v5Tournament: Tournament of Champions | Round: 3 | Opponent: Claudia Taylor Johnson AP | Judge: Kurian, Michael 1 –Forms of fragmented politics completely cedes the political to capitalism. Engagement in undercommon communication is too individualized and resists collective and concrete change. This constitutes enjoyment of melancholic pleasures of being distanced and accommodated to the real world, and as a result remains stuck in parasitic oppression without change – Dean 13:"Communist Desire", Jodi Dean, , 2013, LHP AM AND as they capture us in activities that feel productive, important, radical. The alternative is the politics of the comrade – one that is oriented toward a shared communist horizon – only our methodology can fight capitalism, anything else allows it to take over co-opting any movement – Dean 19:Dean, Jodi. Comrade: An essay on political belonging. Verso, 2019. LHP BT + LHP PS AND in, welcoming the new comrade into relations irreducible to their broader setting. 3~ Fetishization of chaos and meaningless impairs systemic analysis, dooming us to political silence and co-option by capital - Harvey ’90: (David Harvey, Distinguished Professor of Anthropology and Geography at the Graduate Center of the City University of New York (CUNY) and critically acclaimed Marxist scholar, The Condition of Postmodernity, An Enquiry into the Origins of Cultural Change, pages 116-121) AND production continue to operate as invariant shaping forces in historical-geographical development. 4~ The 1AC’s fatalism toward political change reflects an investment in failure rooted in a negative conception of identity. The horizon of this reactive politics is revenge, inflicting harm with no meaningful blueprint for collective liberation.Bhambra 10 G¬¬¬¬¬¬urminder Bhambra, professor at the University of Warwick, her research addresses how, within sociological understandings of modernity, the experiences and claims of non-European 'others' have been rendered invisible to the dominant narratives and analytical frameworks of sociology. Her current research project is on the possibilities for historical sociology in a postcolonial world. She is editor of the new monograph series, Theory for a Global Age, published by Bloomsbury Academic. Victoria Margree, School of Humanities at University of Brighton, she lectures in literature, cultural studies and critical theory, with research specialisms in Late-Victorian and Edwardian literature and culture. Her work is informed by literary theory, psychoanalysis, feminism and postcolonial studies. "Identity Politics and the Need for a ‘Tomorrow’" Economic and Political Weekly. April 10, 2010. IB AND to the identity being foreclosed through its attention to past-based grievances. The role of the ballot is fidelity to the truth – dedication to a shared horizon is liberatory, Dean 19:Dean, Jodi. Comrade: An essay on political belonging. Verso, 2019. LHP BT + LHP PS AND that comrade relations produce. It concentrates comradeship even as comradeship exceeds it. | 4/23/22 |
1 - K - Dean v6Tournament: Tournament of Champions | Round: 5 | Opponent: Hawken EB | Judge: Larsen, Rose 1NForms of fragmented politics completely cedes the political to capitalism. Engagement in undercommon communication is too individualized and resists collective and concrete change. This constitutes enjoyment of melancholic pleasures of being distanced and accommodated to the real world, and as a result remains stuck in parasitic oppression without change – Dean 13:"Communist Desire", Jodi Dean, , 2013, LHP AM AND as they capture us in activities that feel productive, important, radical. The use of experience as an unquestioned ground against objectivity reifies identities as ahistorical and static. All women’s identity are the same, they are all equitable, and all political advocacies derive just from the fact of identity. Scott1Scott, Joan W. 1991. "The Evidence of Experience." Critical Inquiry 17 AND directly to resistance to oppression, that is, to feminism.2" The alternative is the politics of the comrade – one that is oriented toward a shared communist horizon – only our methodology can fight capitalism, anything else allows it to take over co-opting any movement – Dean 19:Dean, Jodi. Comrade: An essay on political belonging. Verso, 2019. LHP BT + LHP PS AND in, welcoming the new comrade into relations irreducible to their broader setting. The role of the ballot is fidelity to the truth – dedication to a shared horizon is liberatory, Dean 19:Dean, Jodi. Comrade: An essay on political belonging. Verso, 2019. LHP BT + LHP PS AND that comrade relations produce. It concentrates comradeship even as comradeship exceeds it. | 4/24/22 |
1 - K - Islamic ComraderyTournament: Harvard | Round: Octas | Opponent: BASIS Peoria PY | Judge: Panel 1 – K – Islamic ComraderyForms of fragmented politics – AKA a lack of a movement – completely cedes the political to capitalism. Engagement in individualized communication resists collective and concrete change, constituting enjoyment of melancholic pleasures of being distanced and accommodated to the real world, stopping any possibility of solving oppression – Dean 13:"Communist Desire", Jodi Dean, , 2013, LHP AM AND as they capture us in activities that feel productive, important, radical. Defining blackness as occupying a space of negativity fails to account for the mystical interventions that breathe life into our experience. While blackness is shaped and inseperable from anti-blackness, it is always more than that – a mystical experience without ontology. Turns case – failure to recognize the power of believing in a prior, alternate ontology for blackness recreates anti-blackness.Warren 17 ~Calvin L. Warren (Ph.D., Department of American Studies, Columbian College of Arts and Sciences). "Black Mysticism: Fred Moten’s Phenomenology of (Black) Spirit." De Gruyter. DOI 10.1515/zaa-2017-0022. 2017~ MK AND as an existential fugitive – expresses an impossibility that nonetheless enlivens his texts. The affirmative reinscribes a notion of anti-blackness that gleans over alternate understandings of identity. It doesn’t matter if you’re queer, disabled, or of a different class: so long as you’re black, you’re always a relationless object. That creates a triple consciousness – the tie between numerous conflicting understandings of the self – that recreates psychological violence.Morris 16 ~Monique W. Morris, Award-winning author and social justice scholar with three decades of experience in the areas of education, civil rights, juvenile and social justice, Founder and President of the National Black Women’s Justice Institute (NBWJI), an organization that works to interrupt school-to-confinement pathways for girls, "Pushout: the criminalization of Black girls in schools" ~ MK AND marginalizes their pain and opportunities, and facilitates their criminalization— goes unchallenged. The alternative is to embody the Sufi aesthetics. Like a chaotic painting – full of abstract motifs and sharp lines of spontaneity – identity is complex and multifaceted, but realizing we are unified by one canvas – through mystic encounters with the nature of the world, the substance of our immanent yet humanist encounters – the symbolic basis for oppression collapses. This is the route through which comradery happens. The ummah is the comrade.Oladi 17 ~Dr. Soudeh Oladi (Postdoctoral fellow at the University of Toronto’s Ontario Institute for Studies in Education. Specialization: Critical pedagogy, wisdom leaning, curriculum, and social justice education). "The Deleuzian Footprint in Rumi’s War Machine of Love." The Journal of East-West Thought. 2017.~ MK AND too, move beyond restrictive discourses and allow new spaces to present themselves. Materiality net benefit – despite being cracked-down and oppressed as deviant, Sufi mysticism has been used to proactively dodge and breathe life into spaces of negativity, offering a radical politics against oppression.Stepanyants 09 ~Mariatta Stepanyants (PhD Philosophy – Academy of Sciences USSR, and Professor at Institute of Philosophy, Russia Academy of Sciences). "Sufism in the Context of Modern Politics." From the Journal Of Oriental Studies. Tokyo: The Institute of Oriental Philosophy. Vol. 19, 2009, pp.166.~ MK AND some other aspects of Sufism which make its teaching attractive to the contemporaries. The role of the ballot is fidelity to the truth – dedication to a shared horizon is liberatory, Dean 19:Dean, Jodi. Comrade: An essay on political belonging. Verso, 2019. LHP BT + LHP PS AND that comrade relations produce. It concentrates comradeship even as comradeship exceeds it. The experience of mysticism elides ontology since it’s not premised on fixed understandings of the self but rather communal understandings of it. | 2/21/22 |
1 - K - Islamic Comradery v2Tournament: Harvard | Round: Finals | Opponent: Strake Jesuit ZD | Judge: Panel 1 – K – Islamic ComraderyForms of fragmented politics – AKA a lack of a movement – completely cedes the political to capitalism. Engagement in individualized communication resists collective and concrete change, constituting enjoyment of melancholic pleasures of being distanced and accommodated to the real world, stopping any possibility of solving oppression – Dean 13:"Communist Desire", Jodi Dean, , 2013, LHP AM AND as they capture us in activities that feel productive, important, radical. The affirmative reinscribes a notion of anti-blackness that gleans over alternate understandings of identity. It doesn’t matter if you’re queer, disabled, or of a different class: so long as you’re black, you’re always a relationless object. That creates a triple consciousness – the tie between numerous conflicting understandings of the self – that recreates psychological violence.Morris 16 ~Monique W. Morris, Award-winning author and social justice scholar with three decades of experience in the areas of education, civil rights, juvenile and social justice, Founder and President of the National Black Women’s Justice Institute (NBWJI), an organization that works to interrupt school-to-confinement pathways for girls, "Pushout: the criminalization of Black girls in schools" ~ MK AND marginalizes their pain and opportunities, and facilitates their criminalization— goes unchallenged. The alternative is to embody the Sufi aesthetics. Like a chaotic painting – full of abstract motifs and sharp lines of spontaneity – identity is complex and multifaceted, but realizing we are unified by one canvas – through mystic encounters with the nature of the world, the substance of our immanent yet humanist encounters – the symbolic basis for oppression collapses. This is the route through which comradery happens. The ummah is the comrade.Oladi 17 ~Dr. Soudeh Oladi (Postdoctoral fellow at the University of Toronto’s Ontario Institute for Studies in Education. Specialization: Critical pedagogy, wisdom leaning, curriculum, and social justice education). "The Deleuzian Footprint in Rumi’s War Machine of Love." The Journal of East-West Thought. 2017.~ MK AND too, move beyond restrictive discourses and allow new spaces to present themselves. Materiality net benefit – despite being cracked-down and oppressed as deviant, Sufi mysticism has been used to proactively dodge and breathe life into spaces of negativity, offering a radical politics against oppression.Stepanyants 09 ~Mariatta Stepanyants (PhD Philosophy – Academy of Sciences USSR, and Professor at Institute of Philosophy, Russia Academy of Sciences). "Sufism in the Context of Modern Politics." From the Journal Of Oriental Studies. Tokyo: The Institute of Oriental Philosophy. Vol. 19, 2009, pp.166.~ MK AND some other aspects of Sufism which make its teaching attractive to the contemporaries. The role of the ballot is fidelity to the truth – dedication to a shared horizon is liberatory, Dean 19:Dean, Jodi. Comrade: An essay on political belonging. Verso, 2019. LHP BT + LHP PS AND that comrade relations produce. It concentrates comradeship even as comradeship exceeds it. | 2/22/22 |
1 - NC - Util v2Tournament: Harvard | Round: 1 | Opponent: Trinity Prep JC | Judge: Fabriece Etienne 2 — UtilPain and pleasure are intrinsically valuable – to justify beyond that runs into moral incoherence. Moen 16,Moen 16 ~Ole Martin Moen, Research Fellow in Philosophy at University of Oslo "An Argument for Hedonism" Journal of Value Inquiry (Springer), 50 (2) 2016: 267–281~ SJDI RCT by JPark AND places where we reach the end of the line in matters of value. Thus, the standard is maximizing expected well-being. Prefer additionally.1~ Life is a prerequisite to value – stop death because it ontologically destroys the subject and is irreversible. And extinction hijacks and side constrains the framework.Pummer 15 ~Theron, Junior Research Fellow in Philosophy at St. Anne's College, University of Oxford. "Moral Agreement on Saving the World" Practical Ethics, University of Oxford. May 18, 2015~ AT AND be acting very wrongly." (From chapter 36 of On What Matters) 2~ Theory –A~ Ground – Every impact can be linked to util but other ethics exclude most impacts. Ground key to fairness since you need arguments to win.B~ Topic Lit – Most articles are written through the lens of util since they’re written for policymakers and the general public to understand who take consequences to be important, not philosophy majors. Key to fairness and education since it’s a lens through which we engage the res. | 2/18/22 |
1 - T - Celestial BodiesTournament: Palm Classic | Round: 5 | Opponent: Immaculate Heart RR | Judge: John Boals 1 – T-Celestial BodiesInterpretation: The affirmative may not defend action on a celestial body.To clarify, if the affirmative does defend an action, it must only be within outer-space. | 2/13/22 |
1 - T - FWKTournament: Blue Key RR | Round: 2 | Opponent: Cardinal Gibbons RS | Judge: Mukherjee, Rishi Morris, Brendon 1 – T FWKInterpretation – the affirmative should defend a hypothetical enactment of a topical post-fiat policy action. To clarify, the affirmative must defend resolved: "A just government ought to recognize the right of workers to strike"~1~ Resolved requires a policyLouisiana House 05 ~3-8-2005, http://house.louisiana.gov/house-glossary.htm~~ ~2~ Ought refers to a legal relationship between an empirical condition and some legally mandated consequence. KELSEN:Pure Theory of Law, Hans Kelsen, 1934 Violation: They don't (elaborate)Vote neg:~x~ Clash – I don't have prep specific to their non-T aff to generate in depth clash – they can leverage their specific knowledge of their aff to always frame out generics and use their extensive frontlines to crush any pre round prep I generated, magnified by the fact that I can only prep the rez o/w ~a~ Education since arg interaction is the only specific way we learn in debate, B~ Advocacy Skills - turns their aff scholarship – the only way to create change in the real world is by being able to make advocacies and engage in them– allowing clash forces people to actually consider your claims and forces good engagementReject clash bad – they purposely read their aff in a competitive activity that assumes clash~x~ State Education – debate is a unique forum in which we can learn the most out of all spaces about the state, even if the state is bad, using the state and talking about it allows us to understand how levels of power and how the state functions – that turns the aff – in order to engage in your method and challenge the state we need to understand how it operates – also takes out any T violent arguments~x~ Limits – absent the rez the aff could be anything which makes infinite affs. That destroys fairness – their abuse is supercharged by two things. A~ they literally have infinite prep since the 2-month topic reset doesn't apply and B~ they can cherry pick their aff to be something trivially true like racism bad which I can't substantively deny.Framing issues:~x~ Fairness o/w - a~ testing – you can't evaluate their args because the round was skewed – if they have 10 minutes to win their aff or fairness bad and I have 1 for the opposite they will win – proves fairness is good even under their method of (insert their ROB thing) b~ they concede its authority via speech times and tournament procedure c~ Ballot Proximity – voting aff wont solve all of (insert what they want to solve), but its unique to being able to solve fairness ~d~ all your arguments assume they will evaluated by the judge fairly, saying unfairness good is just saying to not evaluate your args~x~ Vote on education – ~a~ it's the only terminal impact to debate that matters after the round o/w on portability ~b~ its uniquely key to being able to challenge (insert what they want to solve) it's the only way to know how and what we should be doing~x~ Prefer competing interpretations, reasonability is arbitrary and encourages judge intervention which can moot the entirety of 1ac or 1nc speeches.~x~ Drop the debater – a~ to deter future abuse and b~ drop the arg on T is functionally the same~x~ No RVI – a~ logic – I'm fair vote for me makes no sense and outweighs because all args must be logical, b~ baiting – rvis incentivize abuse to win on theory~x~ TVA - 1~ Fiat is fake, but you can defend the topic without being the state – that produces the best education and solves their offenseNewman 10 ~Newman, Saul. ~Reader in Political Theory at Goldsmiths, University of London~ Theory and Event, Volume 13, Issue 2, 2010.~ 2~ Solvency deficits to the TVA are neg ground – they aren't entitled to a perfect aff | 10/29/21 |
1 - T - FWK v2Tournament: Blue Key | Round: Octas | Opponent: Strake Jesuit NW | Judge: Robinson, Tajaih Cogen, Sam Plat, Breigh 1 – T FWKInterpretation – the affirmative should defend a hypothetical enactment of a topical post-fiat policy action. To clarify, the affirmative must defend resolved: "A just government ought to recognize the right of workers to strike"~1~ Resolved requires a policyLouisiana House 05 ~3-8-2005, http://house.louisiana.gov/house-glossary.htm~~ ~2~ Ought refers to a legal relationship between an empirical condition and some legally mandated consequence. KELSEN:Pure Theory of Law, Hans Kelsen, 1934 Violation: They don't (elaborate)Vote neg:~1~ Clash – I don't have prep specific to their non-T aff to generate in depth clash – they can leverage their specific knowledge of their aff to always frame out generics and use their extensive frontlines to crush any pre round prep I generated, magnified by the fact that I can only prep the rez o/w ~a~ Education since arg interaction is the only specific way we learn in debate, B~ Advocacy Skills - turns their aff scholarship – the only way to create change in the real world is by being able to make advocacies and engage in them– allowing clash forces people to actually consider your claims and forces good engagementReject clash bad – they purposely read their aff in a competitive activity that assumes clash~2~ State Education – debate is a unique forum in which we can learn the most out of all spaces about the state, even if the state is bad, using the state and talking about it allows us to understand how levels of power and how the state functions – that turns the aff – in order to engage in your method and challenge the state we need to understand how it operates – also takes out any T violent arguments~3~ Limits – absent the rez the aff could be anything which makes infinite affs. That destroys fairness – their abuse is supercharged by two things. A~ they literally have infinite prep since the 2-month topic reset doesn't apply and B~ they can cherry pick their aff to be something trivially true like racism bad which I can't substantively deny.~4~ Switch Side Debate~5~ Accessibility – non topical affs push people out of the debate space, especially novices – they're unpredictable and also destroy political debate – meansFraming issues:~1~ Fairness o/w –a~ testing – you can't evaluate their args because the round was skewed – if they have 10 minutes to win their aff or fairness bad and I have 1 for the opposite they will win – proves fairness is good even under their method of (insert their ROB thing)b~ they concede its authority via speech times and tournament procedurec~ Ballot Proximity – voting aff wont solve all of (insert what they want to solve), but its unique to being able to solve fairness~d~ all your arguments assume they will evaluated by the judge fairly, saying unfairness good is just saying to not evaluate your args~2~ Vote on education –~a~ it's the only terminal impact to debate that matters after the round o/w on portability~b~ its uniquely key to being able to challenge (insert what they want to solve) it's the only way to know how and what we should be doing~3~ Prefer competing interpretations, reasonability is arbitrary and encourages judge intervention which can moot the entirety of 1ac or 1nc speeches.~4~ Drop the debater – a~ to deter future abuse and b~ drop the arg on T is functionally the same~5~ No RVI –a~ logic – I'm fair vote for me makes no sense and outweighs because all args must be logicalb~ baiting – rvis incentivize abuse to win on theoryc~ their rob – ~6~ TVA –1~ Defend the aff under any possible government – it doesn't have to be the US government – it can be Union governments, the state government – it just needs to be about an institution actively supporting the right to strike as a collective. This uniquely solves my ability to get links b/c third parties will write about the character of specific institutions in a way that I can't do about you as a person.2~ Solvency deficits to the TVA are neg ground – they aren't entitled to a perfect aff | 1/17/22 |
1 - Theory - Open Source DisclosureTournament: Greenhill | Round: 4 | Opponent: Cabot JB | Judge: Dosch, David Interpretation: Debaters must disclose all constructive speech docs open source with highlighting on the NDCA LD wiki under their own name, school, and correct side within an hour after debating.Violation: No open source on the wiki –Vote aff –~1~ Evidence ethics – open source is the only way to verify before round that cards aren't miscut – otherwise you could have highlighted unethically. That's a voter – maintaining ethical ev practices is key to being good academics and we should be able to verify you didn't cheat.~2~ Small schools –~a~ Some small school debaters or novices won’t know that they have to email for the doc, or marginalized groups may be scared to email people. Also means there’s no solvency for prep skew for small school debaters – if they can’t go onto the wiki in beween rounds or before tournaments and get prep from big schools, they will always be at a disadvantage.~b~ Their norm privileges big schools who can have coaches look through the doc for ev ethics issues or who can do the emailing work for the debater while the debater does other prep.AND Emailing the doc further doesn’t solve –~1~ Norms – we shouldn’t have to ask you – if you’re racist, you should not be independent of me asking~2~ Defense – no reason why your norm is better – you can’t win in competing interps model | 1/17/22 |
JF21 - CP - Public Private PartnershipsTournament: Sunvite | Round: 6 | Opponent: Durham ZG | Judge: Montague, Heaven The CP turns the aff and prevents stifling of innovation – k2 climate tech.Van Burken 20 ~(Rebecca, technology policy analyst at Reason Foundation) "Biden Can Utilize Space Companies and Public-Private Partnerships," December 14, 2020 https://reason.org/commentary/biden-can-utilize-space-companies-and-public-private-partnerships/~~ TDI AND United States to fall behind other nations in a number of key areas. It’s competitive – they ban private space flight. NASA and the govt contract things out. Things like NASA using spaceX satellites, etc.Solves internal links – | 1/9/22 |
JF21 - DA - SBSPTournament: Sunvite | Round: 1 | Opponent: Unionville AS | Judge: Datti, Abhilash 1N1 – Can’t Spec Form of AppropriationInterp – they can’t spec a form of appropriationViolation: The specify megaconstellations.Now negate –~1~ Limits – you explode them since you can specify any form of appropriationA~ Cherry-picking – you can select a trivially true aff or a specific form of appropriation that makes it impossible to affirmB~ prep skew – you can always leverage your hyper specific aff to beat back generic neg prep which makes the neg prep burdens impossible to meet~2~ Clash – destroys clash because I can’t leverage most of my prep against their hyperspecific aff – means we’ll be two shi~ps passing by and they auto extend stuff and win – links to ed bc no in depth debates and fairness bc I’m at a massive skew~2~ Accessibility – spec privileges people from big schools because they’ll have the most prep for the widest range of affs and prep squads, so they’ll know what spec affs are hot on the circuit – small school debaters have no chance of beating these affs because they’ll have way less prep against them making debate an unequal playing field – accessibility first because it pushes people out of the activity meaning they can’t get fairness or education and it’s the judges proximal obligation as an educator to adjudicate accessibility issuesFairness first – a~ it’s a procedural constraintNo RVI’s –(a) chilling effect – aff is dangerous on theory because they get to prep a long counterinterp in the 1ar and then get the 2ar to collapse, weigh, and contextualize - negs would always be disincentived from reading theory against good theory debaters which leads to infinite abuse so it outweighs time skew(b) they’re illogical - "I’m fair vote for me" doesn’t make any sense - you dont win for meeting ur burden of being fair - logic comes first on theory since all args need to make sense in order to be evaluable.Drop the debater –A~ Epistemic Skew - I was structurally precluded from engaging in substance given the time spent reading the shell and the abuse itself, means you can’t truly evaluate substance because they are always aheadB~ Illogical – can’t DTA b/c the shell indicts their advocacyC~ Deter’s future abuseCompeting interps –A~ reasonability’s arbitrary and forces judge intervention especially with 2ar recontextualizations to always sound like the more reasonable debaterB~ norm setting - we find the best possible norms through robust theory debates2 – SBSP DASpace-Based Solar Power (SBSP) is a megaconstellation, and it’s going to happen within 10 years in the squo. Aff banning private megaconstellations kills the necessary tech – David 21:David, Leonard. 11/03/21 Space Solar Power’s Time May Finally Be Coming."https://www.space.com/space-solar-power-research-advances LHP BT + LHP PS AND right answer is really clear: We need to just go do it." SBSP key to solve climate change – Katete 21 – the evidence is from December 17:Katete, Esthere. (December 17 2021) "Space-Based Solar Power: The Future Source of Energy?"https://www.greenmatch.co.uk/blog/2020/02/space-based-solar-power LHP BT + LHP PS AND be able to provide some key learnings for future improvements in the technology. Warming causes extinction - Xu 17:Yangyang Xu 17, Assistant Professor of Atmospheric Sciences at Texas AandM University; and Veerabhadran Ramanathan, Distinguished Professor of Atmospheric and Climate Sciences at the Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego, 9/26/17, "Well below 2 °C: Mitigation strategies for avoiding dangerous to catastrophic climate changes," Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, Vol. 114, No. 39, p. 10315-10323 AND . Fig. 2 displays these three risk categorizations (vertical dashed lines). 2 – Starlink DASpaceX’s Starlink satellites, which are megaconstellations, have already seen a beta rollout and are on path for delivery by 2022 – Supan 21:Supan, Joe. "Starlink Wait Times Extended to Late 2022 to Early 2023." Allconnect, 8 Nov. 2021, https://www.allconnect.com/blog/starlink-delays-service-expansion-to-2022. LHP GB + LHP PS AND area" — but you shouldn’t plan on using it for a while. Starlink is coming now – but the aff bans it – Crist 12/03/21:Crist, Ry. "What Is Starlink? Elon Musk's Satellite Internet Venture Explained." CNET, 3 Dec. 2021, https://www.cnet.com/home/internet/starlink-satellite-internet-explained. LHP GB + LHP PS AND too, prompting plenty of regulatory jousting and attempts to slow Musk down. Scenario – Starlink is crucial to the democratization of access to high quality and reliable internet connections worldwide – laundry list of impacts – Holden 21:Holden, Andrew. "Are Starlink Satellites the Solution to Rural Internets Setbacks? ." Ohio Ag Manager, 9 Apr. 2021, https://u.osu.edu/ohioagmanager/2021/04/09/are-starlink-satellites-the-solution-to-rural-internets-setbacks/. LHP GB + LHP PS AND with better internet access and Starlink is on its way to providing it. Starlink is uniquely equipped to help rural communities – Cesta 21:Cesta, Luciano. "SpaceX's Starlink May Help Bring Internet to Rural Areas." Boston University News Service, 2 Apr. 2021, https://bunewsservice.com/spacexs-starlink-may-help-bring-internet-to-rural-areas/. LHP GB + LHP PS AND continue expansion to near-global coverage of the populated world in 2021." CaseOVDrop them for not specifying an enforcement mechanism or fiating anything – decks my ability to do things like make larp offense destroying policymaking – also stops us from debating about enforcement – lots of affs have that – destroys ed. | 1/7/22 |
JF21 - DA - XiTournament: Sunvite | Round: 6 | Opponent: Durham ZG | Judge: Montague, Heaven 1 – Xi DAXi’s regime is stable now, but its success depends on strong growth and private sector development.Mitter and Johnson 21 ~Rana Mitter and Elsbeth Johnson, Rana Mitter is a professor of the history and politics of modern China at Oxford. Elsbeth Johnson, formerly the strategy director for Prudential PLC’s Asian business, is a senior lecturer at MIT’s Sloan School of Management and the founder of SystemShift, a consulting firm. May-June 2021, "What the West Gets Wrong About China," Harvard Business Review, https://hbr.org/2021/05/what-the-west-gets-wrong-about-china accessed 12/14/21~ Adam AND University thanks to social mobility and the party’s significant investment in scientific research. Xi has committed to the commercial space industry as the linchpin of China’s rise – the plan is seen as a complete 180 AND the US arbitrarily imposing hegemony on ChinaPatel 21 ~Neel V. Patel, Neel is a space reporter for MIT Technology Review. 1-21-2021, "China’s surging private space industry is out to challenge the US," MIT Technology Review, https://www.technologyreview.com/2021/01/21/1016513/china-private-commercial-space-industry-dominance/ accessed 12/14/21~ Adam AND for the commercial space sector as it tries to expand," he says. Shifts in regime perception threatens CCP’s legitimacy from nationalist hardliners – the US fiating China follows something does thisWeiss 19 Jessica Weiss 1-29-2019 "Authoritarian Audiences, Rhetoric, and Propaganda in International Crises: Evidence from China" http://www.jessicachenweiss.com/uploads/3/0/6/3/30636001/19-01-24-elite-statements-isq-ca.pdf (Associate Professor of Government at Cornell University)Elmer AND to it more directly than even the U.S. government."11 Xi will launch diversionary war to domestic backlash – escalates in multiple hotspotsNorris 17, William J. Geostrategic Implications of China’s Twin Economic Challenges. CFR Discussion Paper, 2017. (Associate professor of Chinese foreign and security policy at Texas AandM University’s Bush School of Government and Public Service)Elmer AND resource is directed shifts away from industrial and export production toward domestic consumption. US–China war goes nuclear – crisis mis-management ensures conventional escalation - extinctionKulacki 20 ~Dr. Gregory Kulacki focuses on cross-cultural communication between the United States and China on nuclear and space arms control and is the China Project Manager for the Global Security Program at the Union of Concerned Scientists, 2020. Would China Use Nuclear Weapons First In A War With The United States?, Thediplomat.com, https://thediplomat.com/2020/04/would-china-use-nuclear-weapons-first-in-a-war-with-the-united-states/~~ srey AND during a military crisis, but it would make one far less likely. 2 – Regulations CPCP text: The United States federal government should:A~ Fund a public-private partnership for deep space explorationB~ Triple NASA’s budget and earmark increased funding for cooperative deep space explorationGaleon 17 ~(Dom, writer for Futurism), "SpaceX Asks the U.S. To Fund a Public-Private Partnership for Deep Space Exploration," July 14, 2017, https://futurism.com/spacex-asks-the-u-s-to-fund-a-public-private-partnership-for-deep-space-exploration~~ TDI AND , and the best chance of success may come from pooling our resources. | 1/9/22 |
JF21 - K - AnarchismTournament: Strake Jesuit Invitational | Round: 1 | Opponent: Tays KM | Judge: Fox, Patrick 1 – AnarchismElon Musk is the first step toward DIY space – state programs hinder this by making space exploration oriented against DIY and towards capital-extensivity –Carson, Kevin. 8th Feb 2019. "Ephemeralization for Post-Capitalist Space Exploration." https://theanarchistlibrary.org/library/kevin-carson-ephemeralization-for-post-capitalist-space-exploration AND luck, maybe it won’t lie with Elon Musk for much longer either. Anarchist revolutions are fragile; they need space apart, space to grow strong – and the process of reading the kritik is one of creating revolutionary spaces in literal, actual space.Bevensee, Emmi. No Date. "Anarchists Need Space Because We’re Fighting in All Directions." https://theanarchistlibrary.org/library/emmi-bevensee-anarchists-need-space-because-we-re-fighting-in-all-directions AND the authoritarians and space capitalists andprevent them from expanding their sphere of havoc? Capitalism is a death cult and the apocalypse is currently happening – Earth is doomed to climate change, but we can escape, Allinson 21Allinson, J. (2021). The tragedy of the worker: towards the proletarocene. Verso Books. pg 8-17 AND of ‘adaptation’ has become the ideology of capitalism’s triumph over all life. The alternative is an anarchist space program making us space pirates. Revolution on earth is doomed. We don’t need to solve—we need to dream. Fuck the Earth,Debord, Syzygy. 2020 "Another Galaxy for Another Life." https://theanarchistlibrary.org/library/syzygy-debord-another-galaxy-for-another-life AND ! We have a world to lose, but a universe to gain! The role of the ballot is fidelity to the truth – dedication to a shared horizon is liberatory and space is the best horizon of all, Dean 19:Dean, Jodi. Comrade: An essay on political belonging. Verso, 2019. LHP BT + LHP PS AND that comrade relations produce. It concentrates comradeship even as comradeship exceeds it. 1ACMining1~ Probability – 0.1 chance of a collision.Salter 16 ~(Alexander William, Economics Professor at Texas Tech) "SPACE DEBRIS: A LAW AND ECONOMICS ANALYSIS OF THE ORBITAL COMMONS" 19 STAN. TECH. L. REV. 221 *numbers replaced with English words~ TDI AND , can quickly become significant if future collisions result in runaway debris growth. 2~ Reject evidence not in context of space mining – Scoles is in context of Asteroid redirection and Intaligiata says nothing to how minig causes small debris – aff has burden of directly explaining how space mining causes this3~ Public sector mining thumps - they’ll just continue after the Moon treaty is passedNASA 19 ~"NASA Invests in Tech Concepts Aimed at Exploring Lunar Craters, Mining Asteroids," NASA, June 11, 2019, https://www.nasa.gov/press-release/nasa-invests-in-tech-concepts-aimed-at-exploring-lunar-craters-mining-asteroids~~ TDI AND in space. Thse proposed architecture includes resource prospecting, extraction and delivery. 4~ Two parts of Orwig nonunique the aff – a~ currently there’s "five to six hundred thousand space debris" which means squo debris thumps b~ "already been repeated ‘sudden failures" of spacecraft’ means there’s no impact to the aff since even if satellites go dark they know its debris5~ Climate scenario isn’t reverse causal—no evidence that they will actual pass anything proven by McConnell’s stubbornness, rejection of the GND and infrastructure bills, etc.6~ Miscalc scenario has no internal link—just says that it "might cause armed conflict" which in no way reaches the level of warranting nuclear war—nuclear conflict is something that countries take extremely seriously so you should have a high threshold for warranting. | 12/18/21 |
JF21 - K - Anarchism v2Tournament: Strake Jesuit Invitational | Round: 6 | Opponent: Memorial SC | Judge: Plat, Breigh 1 – State Bad (Anarchism)State programs hinder –Carson, Kevin. 8th Feb 2019. "Ephemeralization for Post-Capitalist Space Exploration." https://theanarchistlibrary.org/library/kevin-carson-ephemeralization-for-post-capitalist-space-exploration AND luck, maybe it won’t lie with Elon Musk for much longer either. Anarchist revolutions are fragile; they need space apart, space to grow strong – and the process of reading the kritik is one of creating revolutionary spaces in literal, actual space.Bevensee, Emmi. No Date. "Anarchists Need Space Because We’re Fighting in All Directions." https://theanarchistlibrary.org/library/emmi-bevensee-anarchists-need-space-because-we-re-fighting-in-all-directions AND the authoritarians and space capitalists andprevent them from expanding their sphere of havoc? The state occasionally subverts capital in the name of stabilizing the overall system. Do not be deceived—the only way to get rid of capitalism is to leave the state.Laursen, E., 2021. The Operating System An Anarchist Theory of the Modern State The Operating System An Anarchist Theory of the Modern State. pg 109-111 AND capital. To get rid of capitalism requires getting rid of the State. Space exploration is good. Space exploration by the state is horrible, Cornum 15.https://thenewinquiry.com/the-space-ndns-star-map/ AND the space NDN reveals the myriad ways of relating to land beyond property. The alternative is an anarchist space program making us space pirates. Revolution on earth is doomed. We don’t need to solve—we need to dream. Fuck the Earth,Debord, Syzygy. 2020 "Another Galaxy for Another Life." https://theanarchistlibrary.org/library/syzygy-debord-another-galaxy-for-another-life AND ! We have a world to lose, but a universe to gain! The role of the ballot is fidelity to the truth – dedication to a shared horizon is liberatory and space is the best horizon of all, Dean 19:Dean, Jodi. Comrade: An essay on political belonging. Verso, 2019. LHP BT + LHP PS AND that comrade relations produce. It concentrates comradeship even as comradeship exceeds it. | 1/7/22 |
JF21 - NC - AlienationTournament: Lexington | Round: 3 | Opponent: NSU SF | Judge: Freedman, William 1NPermissibility negates if everything is permissible then it’s impossible to say something is unjust because it’s just permissible, unjust is different from necessary1 – AlienationSubjectivity is naturally productive and conscious, entailing creative productivity. Wartenberg 82’ AND the structure of the will is intrinsic and is a pre-req to all ethical theories:~1~ Subjectivity – The will and the capacity to question our will defines the subject and what is intrinsic to it. That means the will is intrinsic and when evaluating subjectivity we must evaluate the subject’s relation to the will.~2~ Proceduralism – The agent uses the will to engage in everything, which means being able to will is an intrinsic good under every ethical theory regardless of content and a pre-requisite to their ethical theory~3~ Morality – Expression of the will is how we arrive at moral truth; it enables us to weigh between arguments and situations to find the best one. Controls the internal link to their ethical theoryTherefore my standard is consistency with the structure of the will.~1~ Appropriation is the process through which the subject exerts the will on the world and therefore, constitutes itself as a being with will, JaeggiJaeggi, Rahel. "Alienation." Columbia University Press, cup.columbia.edu/book/alienation/ LHP AB AND own life without beginning from a position of already having complete command over them Therefore, all roles, including social roles, only exist as they are appropriated – you cannot separate the appropriator from the appropriated; they both define each other; this means the subject only exists as appropriated. Doing the affirmative destroys the subjectivity insofar as they unilaterally say apprporiation is bad when cases of it are essential to formulating the subject. Hijacks Kant – even if the will is important, only alienation takes the will’s interactions with the outside world into account. You can add an a priori here if you want. | 1/15/22 |
JF21 - NC - UtilTournament: Lexington | Round: 6 | Opponent: Mission San Jose SR | Judge: Kirkpatrick, Braedon 1 – Util====Pain and pleasure are intrinsically valuable – to justify beyond that runs into moral incoherence. Moen 16,==== AND places where we reach the end of the line in matters of value. Thus, the standard is maximizing expected well-being (Act Util). Prefer additionally.~1~ It’s a lexical pre-requisite. Threats to bodily security and life preclude the ability for moral actors to effectively act upon other moral theories since they are in a constant state of crisis, and if people are dead they can’t actualize any ethical theory.~2~ Actor specificity~A~ governments must aggregate because their policies benefit some and harm others so the only non-arbitrary way to prioritize is by helping the most amount of people – turns their arg bc even under deliberation they have to aggregate~3~ Degrees of wrongness – only consequences can explain why some actions are better or worse than others – breaking a promise to take someone to lunch isn’t as bad as breaking a promise to take a dying person to the hospital but only the consequences of breaking it can explain why, so all ethical theories collapse to util and other ethical theories are irresolvable/unweighable.~4~ No intent-foresight distinction—if we foresee a consequence, then it becomes part of our deliberation which makes it intrinsic to our action since we intend it to happen.~5~ Topic lit – most articles are written through the lens of util since they’re crafted for policymakers and the general public to understand who take consequences to be important, not philosophy majors. Fairness bc you vote for better debater not better cheater. Education because that is the terminal impact of debate. These are framework warrants, not a reason to drop the debater.ExtinctionExtinction hijacks and side constrains the framework – it o/w and comes firstPummer 15 ~Theron, Junior Research Fellow in Philosophy at St. Anne's College, University of Oxford. "Moral Agreement on Saving the World" Practical Ethics, University of Oxford. May 18, 2015~ AT AND be acting very wrongly." (From chapter 36 of On What Matters) | 1/16/22 |
JF22 - CP - Kessler SyndromeTournament: Lexington | Round: 1 | Opponent: Loyola SG | Judge: Eric He 2 – Kessler CPCP: Private entities appropriate space in the outer atmosphere through satellite launches must equip their technology with safety technologies in accordance with the Space Safety Coalition’s recommendations and best practices for collision avoidance – Wall 21:Wall, Mike. "Kessler Syndrome and the Space Debris Problem." Space.com, Space, 15 Nov. 2021, https://www.space.com/kessler-syndrome-space-debris. LHP GB + LHP PS AND the tech end up outpacing the problem, for all of our sakes. The Space Safety Coalition (SSC) is the best actor – they have academic consensus on space safety and has open membership to both public and private space operators – solves case - Space Safety Coalition 21:"Participation in the SSC Is Open to All Space Operators — Including Governmental or Intergovernmental Entities — Space Industry Associations, and Industry Stakeholders." Space Safety Coalition Expands Membership: Increased Attention, Global Coordination Needed to Protect Space as Critical Infrastructure, 22 Nov. 2021, http://www.spaceref.com/news/viewpr.html?pid=58807. LHP GB + LHP PS AND including governmental or intergovernmental entities — space industry associations, and industry stakeholders. Kessler syndrome causes extinction – CP solves. Competes through net benefits.3 – Lib NCIn setting an end, every agent must recognize freedom as a necessary good, Gewirth 84 bracketed for grammar and gendered language~Alan Gewirth, () "The Ontological Basis of Natural Law: A Critique and an Alternative" American Journal Of Jurisprudence: Vol. 29: Iss. 1 Article 5, 1984, https://scholarship.law.nd.edu/ajj/vol29/iss1/5/, DOA:9-10-2018 WWBW Recut LHP AV~ AND consistency with the material consideration of the generic features and rights of action. Prefer –A~ performativity – argumentation requires the assumption that freedom is good – else agents would be unable to make argumentsB~ prerequisite – condoning any action requires condoning the freedom required to take that action – so my theory’s a prerequisite to theirs and my offense acts as a side-constraint to your framework.C~ culpability – absent a conception of free will, people can just claim they were acting of desires they can’t control.D~ probability – it’s logically contradictory to deny my framework because that would use freedom to do so. Therefore, it’s impossible for my framework to be falseThe universality of freedom justifies a libertarian state. Otteson 09Otteson 09 brackets in original James R. Otteson (professor of philosophy and economics at Yeshiva University) "Kantian Individualism and Political Libertarianism" The Independent Review, v. 13, n. 3, Winter 2009 AND in the absence of invasions or threats of invasions, it is inactive. Thus, the standard is consistency with a libertarian state.Impact calc – Aggregation fails – there is no one for whom aggregate good is good-for. Korsgaard:Christine Korsgaard, "The Origin of the Good and Our Animal Nature" Harvard, n.d. RE AND , is better captured by the third theory I am about to describe. Prefer –1~ Coherence – anything else is either repugnant or infinitely regressive, Boaz 15 bracketed for glang:David Boaz, executive vice president of the Cato Institute, "The Libertarian Mind: A Manifesto for Freedom", 2/10/15, https://books.google.com/books/about/The'Libertarian'Mind.html?id=zs8NBAAAQBAJ. LHP AV *Bracketed for gendered language* AND I rather like Jefferson’s simple declaration: Natural rights are self-evident. ContentionInjustice requires someone wronged, but initial acquisition doesn’t violate any entity’s rights– therefore, private appropriation of outer space cannot be unjust, Feser 05:Edward Feser, ~Associate Professor of Philosophy at Pasadena City College~ "THERE IS NO SUCH THING AS AN UNJUST INITIAL ACQUISITION," 2005 LHP AV AND , then, for there to be any injustices in initial acquisition.7 | 1/28/22 |
JF22 - DA - MiningTournament: Barkley Forum | Round: 5 | Opponent: Ardrey Kell RG | Judge: Melin, Jenn 3 – DA – MiningAsteroid Mining is coming now, due to tech, and the private sector is perfect for this job. Countries are allowing it to happen in the status quo. It is necessary because it helps acquire water, rocket fuel, rare earth metals, and other valuables.Gilbert 21 alex gilbert, is a complex systems researcher and a PhD student in space resources at the Colorado School of Mines. "Mining in Space Is Coming." Milken Institute Review, April 26, 2021, www.milkenreview.org/articles/mining-in-space-is-coming. ~Quality Control~ AND making the transition from fossil fuels to renewables backed up by battery storage. However, in order for asteroid mining to take place, private entities need to be allowed to appropriate. The plan prevents thatMeyers 15 Meyers, Ross. J.D. candidate at the University of Oregon Law School. "The doctrine of appropriation and asteroid mining: incentivizing the private exploration and development of outer space." Or. Rev. Int'l L. 17 (2015): 183. Italics in original. ~Quality Control~ AND the human race in its expansion into the space, the final frontier. Asteroid mining offsets terrestrial growth that ruins the environment and enables many more solar power satellites – both solve climate changeTaylor 19 Chris Taylor is a veteran journalist. Previously senior news writer for Time.com a year later. In 2000, he was named San Francisco bureau chief for Time magazine. He has served as senior editor for Business 2.0, West Coast editor for Fortune Small Business and West Coast web editor for Fast Company. Chris is a graduate of Merton College, Oxford and the Columbia University Graduate School of Journalism. "How asteroid mining will save the Earth — and mint trillionaires." Mashable, 2019, mashable.com/feature/asteroid-mining-space-economy. ~Quality Control~ AND always a matter of perspective, the possibility of four degrees shapes mine. Climate change causes extinction.Specktor 19 ~Brandon; writes about the science of everyday life for Live Science, and previously for Reader's Digest magazine, where he served as an editor for five years; "Human Civilization Will Crumble by 2050 If We Don't Stop Climate Change Now, New Paper Claims," livescience, 6/4/19; https://www.livescience.com/65633-climate-change-dooms-humans-by-2050.html~~ Justin AND and perhaps "the end of human global civilization as we know it." | 1/29/22 |
JF22 - K - Set Col v5Tournament: Tournament of Champions | Round: 2 | Opponent: BASIS Independent Silicon Valley SK | Judge: Nails, Jacob 3The evocation of common heritage of "mankind" always excludes those who are the constitutive excluded—mechanisms like the Moon treaty purport to be for the good of common humanity, but they in fact just reinforce the nation-state’s ability to make sovereign decisions over space. Cornum 18,Cornum, Lou. "Event Horizon." Real Life Mag, 12 Mar. 2018, https://reallifemag.com/event-horizon/. AND givens, the most persistent and damning of them being contact as conquest. State space exploration destroys the hope for indigenous and afro futurism, subsuming space with ¬¬¬¬¬¬¬¬hegemony – if the state controls indigenous lunar sites, we’re done. Cornum 15.Cornum, Lou. "The Space Ndn's Star Map." The New Inquiry, 26 Jan. 2015, https://thenewinquiry.com/the-space-ndns-star-map/. AND the space NDN reveals the myriad ways of relating to land beyond property. The only way to solve climate change is through anti-racist struggle because climate change is the result of colonialism – they can never solve the root cause - Yeampierre 20:Gardiner, Beth, et al. "Unequal Impact: The Deep Links Between Racism and Climate Change." Yale E360, 9 June 2020, e360.yale.edu/features/unequal-impact-the-deep-links-between-inequality-and-climate-change. LHPBT AND one part of the problem without the other, because it’s so systemic. The alternative is to make space for indigenous futurist reimagining of the relationship between the NDN and the state. It’s a prerequisite to any reconceptualization of land ownership and requires the capability to appropriate space making it mutually exclusive to the aff. The aff reinforces the settler view of relation to land with their flattened understanding of appropriation. Cornum 15.https://thenewinquiry.com/the-space-ndns-star-map/ AND the space NDN reveals the myriad ways of relating to land beyond property. ROB is to vote for the debater with the best grammar for resisting conquest.Colonialism functions in education through rhetorical imperialism, decolonial framing and discourse is key.Grande, Sandy 2015: Red Pedagogy: Native American Social and Political Thought, Tenth Anniversary Edition . United States of America. Rowman and Littlefield Publisher Inc. (pp 55-56). Sandy Grande is associate professor and Chair of the Education Department at Connecticut College. Her research interfaces critical Indigenous theories with the concerns of education. In addition to Red Pedagogy: Native American Social and Political Thought. (HTE) AND it is and as it should be" (Alfred 1999, 132). | 4/23/22 |
JF22 - K - AnarchismTournament: Barkley Forum | Round: 2 | Opponent: Charlotte Latin AP | Judge: Carrasco, Carlos 1 – Anarchism KThe state occasionally subverts capital in the name of stabilizing the overall system. Do not be deceived—the only way to get rid of capitalism is to leave the state. Laursen 21Laursen, E., 2021. The Operating System An Anarchist Theory of the Modern State The Operating System An Anarchist Theory of the Modern State. pg 109-111 AND capital. To get rid of capitalism requires getting rid of the State. Space exploration by the state bad, Cornum 15.https://thenewinquiry.com/the-space-ndns-star-map/ AND the space NDN reveals the myriad ways of relating to land beyond property. Anarchist revolutions are fragile; they need space apart, space to grow strong – and the process of reading the kritik is one of creating revolutionary spaces,Bevensee, Emmi. No Date. "Anarchists Need Space Because We’re Fighting in All Directions." https://theanarchistlibrary.org/library/emmi-bevensee-anarchists-need-space-because-we-re-fighting-in-all-directions AND . We defend these spaces from all sides using a variety of means. The alternative is an anarchist space program – anarchists leave the Earth to establish new colonies free from state capitalist exploitation. The aff makes this impossible by banning private appropriation and re-entrenching the power of the state – the alt occurs outside the realm of the state. Revolution on earth is doomed. DebordDebord, Syzygy. 2020 "Another Galaxy for Another Life." https://theanarchistlibrary.org/library/syzygy-debord-another-galaxy-for-another-life AND it is and as it should be" (Alfred 1999, 132). Case | 1/28/22 |
JF22 - K - Anarchism v3Tournament: Palm Classic | Round: 2 | Opponent: Harvard-Westlake AW | Judge: Aaron, Brianna 2 – State Bad KYou're either with the state or against it - the affirmative's cession of control of space entirely to the government and public sector, ignoring the continued domination of state hegemony. Laursen 21Laursen, E., 2021. The Operating System An Anarchist Theory of the Modern State The Operating System An Anarchist Theory of the Modern State. pg 64-68 AND , and capitalist economies themselves become more complex and more difficult to manage. The state is more than an institution: it is a system of power designed to reproduce itself—it desires to shape how all things within it run, including the affirmative’s rhetoric – the Kritik is against this system, Laursen 21Laursen, E., 2021. The Operating System An Anarchist Theory of the Modern State The Operating System An Anarchist Theory of the Modern State. pg 57-63 AND "criminals," "illegals," and "burdens," on the other, The evocation of common heritage of "mankind" always excludes those who are the constitutive excluded—mechanisms like the Moon treaty purport to be for the good of common humanity, but they in fact just reinforce the nation-state’s ability to make sovereign decisions over space. Cornum 18,Cornum, Lou. "Event Horizon." Real Life Mag, 12 Mar. 2018, https://reallifemag.com/event-horizon/. AND givens, the most persistent and damning of them being contact as conquest. Anarchist revolutions are fragile; they need space apart, space to grow strong – and the process of reading the kritik is one of creating revolutionary spaces outside the state. The aff can never do this – all movements in space are under organizational structures in their world, Bevensee no dateBevensee, Emmi. No Date. "Anarchists Need Space Because We’re Fighting in All Directions." https://theanarchistlibrary.org/library/emmi-bevensee-anarchists-need-space-because-we-re-fighting-in-all-directions AND . We defend these spaces from all sides using a variety of means. The state occasionally subverts capital in the name of stabilizing the overall system. Do not be deceived—the only way to get rid of capitalism is to get rid of the state.Laursen, E., 2021. The Operating System An Anarchist Theory of the Modern State The Operating System An Anarchist Theory of the Modern State. pg 109-111 AND capital. To get rid of capitalism requires getting rid of the State. A ban on private appropriation destroys the possibilty of indigenous and afrofuturism, where people imagine spaces of state outside of any organizational structure, where they can be one with the stars, meaning the state will subsume their movement, Cornum 15.https://thenewinquiry.com/the-space-ndns-star-map/ AND the space NDN reveals the myriad ways of relating to land beyond property. The alternative is an anarchist space program – anarchists leave the Earth to establish new colonies free of capitalist exploitation. The aff makes this impossible by banning private appropriation. Revolution on earth is doomed, and through the alternative we are imagining utopia that exists outside the state, a form of anti-statae rhetoric, Debord 2020,Debord, Syzygy. 2020 "Another Galaxy for Another Life." https://theanarchistlibrary.org/library/syzygy-debord-another-galaxy-for-another-life AND ! We have a world to lose, but a universe to gain! The Role of the Ballot is to vote for the debater with the best discourse that discredits and resists the state. Discourse makes visible the true evil nature of the state, enabling a state overthrow that does not simply reproduce state violence – psychological elements are key to overthrow, Lauren 2021Laursen, E., 2021. The Operating System An Anarchist Theory of the Modern State The Operating System An Anarchist Theory of the Modern State. pg 217-220 AND . But the State will not go away until we force it to. | 2/12/22 |
JF22 - K - Anarchism v4Tournament: Palm Classic | Round: 3 | Opponent: Harker RM | Judge: Ying, Derek 3 – State BadYou’re either with the state or against it – the aff’s method of reform through the state cements loyalty and enables the state to test the possible limits of violence, Laursen 21,Laursen, E., 2021. The Operating System An Anarchist Theory of the Modern State The Operating System An Anarchist Theory of the Modern State. pg 64-68 AND , and capitalist economies themselves become more complex and more difficult to manage. The evocation of common heritage of "mankind" always excludes those who are the constitutive excluded—mechanisms like the Moon treaty purport to be for the good of common humanity, but they in fact just reinforce the nation-state’s ability to make sovereign decisions over space. Cornum 18,Cornum, Lou. "Event Horizon." Real Life Mag, 12 Mar. 2018, https://reallifemag.com/event-horizon/. AND givens, the most persistent and damning of them being contact as conquest. Anarchist revolutions are fragile; they need space apart, space to grow strong – and the process of reading the kritik is one of creating revolutionary spaces outside the state, BevenseeBevensee, Emmi. No Date. "Anarchists Need Space Because We’re Fighting in All Directions." https://theanarchistlibrary.org/library/emmi-bevensee-anarchists-need-space-because-we-re-fighting-in-all-directions AND . We defend these spaces from all sides using a variety of means. The state occasionally subverts capital in the name of stabilizing the overall system. Do not be deceived—the only way to get rid of capitalism is to get rid of the state.Laursen, E., 2021. The Operating System An Anarchist Theory of the Modern State The Operating System An Anarchist Theory of the Modern State. pg 109-111 AND capital. To get rid of capitalism requires getting rid of the State. Capitalism is a death cult and the apocalypse is currently happening – Earth is doomed to climate change, but we can escape, Allinson 21Allinson, J. (2021). The tragedy of the worker: towards the proletarocene. Verso Books. pg 8-17 AND of ‘adaptation’ has become the ideology of capitalism’s triumph over all life. The alternative is an anarchist space program – anarchists leave the Earth to establish new colonies free of capitalist exploitation. The aff makes this impossible by banning private appropriation. Revolution on earth is doomed, and through the alternative we are imagining utopia that exists outside the state, a form of anti-statae rhetoric, Debord 2020,Debord, Syzygy. 2020 "Another Galaxy for Another Life." https://theanarchistlibrary.org/library/syzygy-debord-another-galaxy-for-another-life AND ! We have a world to lose, but a universe to gain! The Role of the Ballot is to vote for the debater with the best discourse that discredits and resists the state. Discourse makes visible the true evil nature of the state, enabling a state overthrow that does not simply reproduce state violence – psychological elements are key to overthrow, Lauren 2021Laursen, E., 2021. The Operating System An Anarchist Theory of the Modern State The Operating System An Anarchist Theory of the Modern State. pg 217-220 AND . But the State will not go away until we force it to. CaseFwkExtinction rhetoric bad –The K is pre fiat about how we resist the stateThe K says government shouldn’t exist in the first place which takes out Mack and BrockGreene – the K still says we can aggregate just the way we aggregate should be anti capUtil empirically has not resolved tradeoffs positively – think about people deploying util to go against…Adv 1Uncertainty from debris collisions creates restraint not instability.MacDonald 16, B., et al. "Crisis stability in space: China and other challenges." Foreign Policy Institute. Washington, DC (2016). (senior director of the Nonproliferation and Arms Control Project with the Center for Conflict Analysis and Prevention)Elmer AND deterrence, may be the only means for deterrence to function in space. No one’s going to war over a downed satelliteBowen 18 ~Bleddyn Bowen, Lecturer in International Relations at the University of Leicester. The Art of Space Deterrence. February 20, 2018. https://www.europeanleadershipnetwork.org/commentary/the-art-of-space-deterrence/~~ AND of losing specific satellites out of all proportion to their actual strategic effect. Adv 21~ Commercial mining solves extinction from scarcity, climate, terror, war, and disease.Pelton 17—(Director Emeritus of the Space and Advanced Communications Research Institute at George Washington University, PHD in IR from Georgetown).. Pelton, Joseph N. 2017. The New Gold Rush: The Riches of Space Beckon! Springer. Accessed 8/30/19. AND global space agreements, are part of this new pathway to the future. Resource scarcity coming now and causes extinction—asteroid mining is the only way to solveCrombrugghe 18 – Guerric, Business Development Manager Brussels, Brussels Capital Region, "Asteroid mining as a necessary answer to mineral scarcity", LinkedIn, 1/11/2018, https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/asteroid-mining-necessary-answer-mineral-scarcity-de-crombrugghe AND meantime, we might want to consume existing resources a bit more efficiently. No space war, and no impact if it does happenHandberg 17 Roger Handberg 17, Professor in the School of Politics, Security, and International Affairs at the University of Central Florida, 2017, "Is space war imminent? Exploring the possibility," Comparative Strategy, Vol. 36, No. 5, p. 413-425 AND Desert Shield morphing into Desert Storm after a nearly six-month buildup. | 2/13/22 |
JF22 - K - Anarchism v5Tournament: Palm Classic | Round: Doubles | Opponent: Mission San Jose SR | Judge: Panel 3 – State BadYou’re either with the state or against it – the aff’s method of reform through the state cements loyalty and enables the state to test the possible limits of violence, Laursen 21,Laursen, E., 2021. The Operating System An Anarchist Theory of the Modern State The Operating System An Anarchist Theory of the Modern State. pg 64-68 AND , and capitalist economies themselves become more complex and more difficult to manage. The state occasionally subverts capital in the name of stabilizing the overall system. Do not be deceived—the only way to get rid of capitalism is to get rid of the state.Laursen, E., 2021. The Operating System An Anarchist Theory of the Modern State The Operating System An Anarchist Theory of the Modern State. pg 109-111 AND capital. To get rid of capitalism requires getting rid of the State. Capitalism is a death cult and the apocalypse is currently happening – Earth is doomed to climate change, but we can escape, Allinson 21Allinson, J. (2021). The tragedy of the worker: towards the proletarocene. Verso Books. pg 8-17 AND of ‘adaptation’ has become the ideology of capitalism’s triumph over all life. Extinction – capitalism causes war, violence, environmental destruction that brings an end to the world - Robinson 18:(William I., Prof. of Sociology, Global and International Studies, and Latin American Studies, @ UC-Santa Barbara, "Accumulation Crisis and Global Police State" Critical Sociology) RE AND the peoples in these spaces must be repressed by the global police state. The alternative is an anarchist space program – anarchists leave the Earth to establish new colonies free of capitalist exploitation. The aff makes this impossible by banning private appropriation. Revolution on earth is doomed, and through the alternative we are imagining utopia that exists outside the state, a form of anti-statae rhetoric, Debord 2020,Debord, Syzygy. 2020 "Another Galaxy for Another Life." https://theanarchistlibrary.org/library/syzygy-debord-another-galaxy-for-another-life AND ! We have a world to lose, but a universe to gain! The Role of the Ballot is to vote for the debater with the best discourse that discredits and resists the state. Discourse makes visible the true evil nature of the state, enabling a state overthrow that does not simply reproduce state violence – psychological elements are key to overthrow, Lauren 2021Laursen, E., 2021. The Operating System An Anarchist Theory of the Modern State The Operating System An Anarchist Theory of the Modern State. pg 217-220 AND . But the State will not go away until we force it to. | 2/14/22 |
JF22 - K - Indigenous AppropriationTournament: Harvard | Round: Quarters | Opponent: Harrison MB | Judge: Panel 2 – PIC – Indigenous FuturismBan all forms of private appropriation except for indigenous and afro appropriation – the only alternative is state appropriation, Cornum 15.Cornum, Lou. "The Space NDN's Star Map." The New Inquiry, 26 Jan. 2015, https://thenewinquiry.com/the-space-ndns-star-map/. AND the space NDN reveals the myriad ways of relating to land beyond property. It’s competitive – indigenous people are private appropriaters – the only non private thing is the state – and in the world of the aff only state appropriation is legitimized which pre fiat harms indigenous futurism. | 2/22/22 |
JF22 - K - Set ColTournament: Palm Classic | Round: Octas | Opponent: Westwood PM | Judge: Panel 2 – Set Col KThere should be no investment in the continued settlement of America and its hegemonic project. The continual desire to expand, develop, and claim ownership of the earth is the logic of a homemaking that forces a violent demolition of previously existing social categories in the name of settler superiority.Seawright 14 (Gardner Seawright is a graduate teaching assistant at the University of Utah, "Settler Traditions of Place: Making Explicit the Epistemological Legacy of White Supremacy and Settler Colonialism for Place-Based Education", Educational Studies, Volume 50 ,Issue 6, 554-572)Gendered Language edited AND ecological world—defining place—at the expense of previously dominant Indigenous worldviews Every facet of IR and foreign policy is indebted to settler colonialism. Indigenous peoples are erased in IR through being cast as domestic, primitive, and landless. The aff’s foundational assumptions are complicit in the destructive of Native life and governance.King 17 AND . And so, foreign policy is itself a manifestation of settler colonialism. The evocation of common heritage of "mankind" always excludes those who are the constitutive excluded—mechanisms like the Moon treaty purport to be for the good of common humanity, but they in fact just reinforce the nation-state’s ability to make sovereign decisions over space. Cornum 18,Cornum, Lou. "Event Horizon." Real Life Mag, 12 Mar. 2018, https://reallifemag.com/event-horizon/. AND givens, the most persistent and damning of them being contact as conquest. The alt is for judges to refuse the fantasy of the 1AC. Refusal is not just a "no," but a generative process that challenges sanctioned modes of protocol and decorum in the university,King 17 (Tiffany, Assistant Professor of Women’s and Gender Studies at the Georgia State University "Humans Involved: Lurking in the Lines of Posthumanist Flight" Critical Ethnic Studies 3, No. 1, pp. 163-170) NIJ AND Indigenous people have never been fully folded into the category of the human. ROB is to vote for the debater with the best grammar for resisting conquest. Colonialism functions in education through rhetorical imperialism, decolonial framing and discourse is key.Grande, Sandy 2015: Red Pedagogy: Native American Social and Political Thought, Tenth Anniversary Edition . United States of America. Rowman and Littlefield Publisher Inc. (pp 55-56). Sandy Grande is associate professor and Chair of the Education Department at Connecticut College. Her research interfaces critical Indigenous theories with the concerns of education. In addition to Red Pedagogy: Native American Social and Political Thought. (HTE) AND it is and as it should be" (Alfred 1999, 132). | 2/15/22 |
JF22 - K - Set Col v2Tournament: Harvard | Round: 4 | Opponent: Acton-Boxborough AK | Judge: Dylan Jones 1 – Set ColSettlerism is an everyday process shaped by affective investments in institutions that claim jurisdiction over native land. Legal and political action is inextricably dependent on the elimination of the native.Mark Rifkin, PhD, Director of the Women's and Gender Studies Program and Professor of English at the University of North Carolina, Greensboro. "Settler common sense." Settler Colonial Studies, 2013 Vol. 3, Nos. 3–4, 322–340, http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/2201473X.2013.810702. JJN AND "the murderous activities of the frontier rabble" (392–3). Don’t be fooled by the aff’s claims to anti-capitalism—all they do is trade globalist capitalist exploitation for mercantilist capitalist exploitation. Private entities don’t need to appropriate themselves if they can rely on the colonial state to do it for them.The Interstellar Railroad, or Speculation and Shareholder Whiteness in the Space Economy Réka PatrÃcia Gál April 14, 2021 AND , and whiteness in interstellar space, and speculate towards a better future? The evocation of common heritage of "mankind" always excludes those who are the constitutive excluded—mechanisms like the Moon treaty purport to be for the good of common humanity, but they in fact just reinforce the nation-state’s ability to make sovereign decisions over space. Cornum 18,Cornum, Lou. "Event Horizon." Real Life Mag, 12 Mar. 2018, https://reallifemag.com/event-horizon/. AND givens, the most persistent and damning of them being contact as conquest. The alternative is engagement in indigenous space futurism, the active imagination of future worlds free from colonialism. This enables us to frame future movements against the settler colonialist state while going against dominant settler discourse in the debate space. The perm is impossible since the aff bans private appropriation – indigenous individuals can’t launch rockets and get off the rock. The aff subsumes space with the state, Cornum 15.https://thenewinquiry.com/the-space-ndns-star-map/ AND the space NDN reveals the myriad ways of relating to land beyond property. The role of the ballot is to center indigenous scholarship and resistance— Any ethical commitment requires that the aff place themselves in the center of Native scholarship and demands.Carlson 16 AND I believe our contributions to settler colonial studies are even more deeply problematic. | 2/19/22 |
JF22 - K - Set Col v3Tournament: Harvard | Round: 6 | Opponent: Acton-Boxborough TW | Judge: Sam Anderson 1 – Set ColSettlerism is an everyday process shaped by affective investments in institutions that claim jurisdiction over native land. Legal and political action is inextricably dependent on the elimination of the native.Mark Rifkin, PhD, Director of the Women's and Gender Studies Program and Professor of English at the University of North Carolina, Greensboro. "Settler common sense." Settler Colonial Studies, 2013 Vol. 3, Nos. 3–4, 322–340, http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/2201473X.2013.810702. JJN AND "the murderous activities of the frontier rabble" (392–3). Don’t be fooled by the aff’s claims to anti-capitalism—all they do is trade globalist capitalist exploitation for mercantilist capitalist exploitation. Private entities don’t need to appropriate themselves if they can rely on the colonial state to do it for them.The Interstellar Railroad, or Speculation and Shareholder Whiteness in the Space Economy Réka PatrÃcia Gál April 14, 2021 AND , and whiteness in interstellar space, and speculate towards a better future? The evocation of common heritage of "mankind" always excludes those who are the constitutive excluded—mechanisms like the Moon treaty purport to be for the good of common humanity, but they in fact just reinforce the nation-state’s ability to make sovereign decisions over space. Cornum 18,Cornum, Lou. "Event Horizon." Real Life Mag, 12 Mar. 2018, https://reallifemag.com/event-horizon/. AND givens, the most persistent and damning of them being contact as conquest. The alternative is engagement in indigenous space futurism, the active imagination of future worlds free from colonialism. This enables us to frame future movements against the settler colonialist state while going against dominant settler discourse in the debate space. The perm is impossible since the aff bans private appropriation – indigenous individuals can’t launch rockets and get off the rock. The aff subsumes space with the state, Cornum 15.Cornum, Lou. "The Space NDN's Star Map." The New Inquiry, 26 Jan. 2015, https://thenewinquiry.com/the-space-ndns-star-map/. AND the space NDN reveals the myriad ways of relating to land beyond property. The role of the ballot is to center indigenous scholarship and resistance— Any ethical commitment requires that the aff place themselves in the center of Native scholarship and demands.Carlson 16 AND I believe our contributions to settler colonial studies are even more deeply problematic. | 2/20/22 |
JF22 - K - Set Col v4Tournament: Harvard | Round: Doubles | Opponent: Prospect ST | Judge: Panel 1 – Set ColSettlerism is an everyday process shaped by affective investments in institutions that claim jurisdiction over native land. Legal and political action is inextricably dependent on the elimination of the native.Mark Rifkin, PhD, Director of the Women's and Gender Studies Program and Professor of English at the University of North Carolina, Greensboro. "Settler common sense." Settler Colonial Studies, 2013 Vol. 3, Nos. 3–4, 322–340, http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/2201473X.2013.810702. JJN AND "the murderous activities of the frontier rabble" (392–3). Irrationality is placed within the state of nature for Kant, which indigenous peoples are pathologized through. This is an issue with their metaphysics not their reps. THEY MENTION THE STATE OF NATURE BEING BAD! You could read kant without replicating this racist trope.James (Sakej) Youngblood Henderson, "The Context of the State of Nature". Chapter within Reclaiming Indigenous Voice and Vision edited by Marie Battiste in 2000, UBCPress Vancouver Toronto https://books.google.com/books?hl=enandlr= andid=XAq01sB8k-ACandoi=fndandpg=PA11anddq=the+state+of+nature+indigenousandots=UfRfnoa7Yjandsig=c1U8URUMFOhxDl5MP'TBpBVkWmg~#v=onepageandqandf=false (HTE). AND The best way to understand this phenomenon is through the idea of contextuality. The evocation of common heritage of "mankind" or common rationality claim to help common humanity, but they in fact just reinforce the nation-state’s ability to make sovereign decisions over space. Cornum 18,Cornum, Lou. "Event Horizon." Real Life Mag, 12 Mar. 2018, https://reallifemag.com/event-horizon/. AND givens, the most persistent and damning of them being contact as conquest. The alternative is engagement in indigenous space futurism, the active imagination of future worlds free from colonialism. This enables us to frame future movements against the settler colonialist state while going against dominant settler discourse in the debate space. The perm is impossible since the aff bans private appropriation – indigenous individuals can’t launch rockets and get off the rock. The aff subsumes space with the state, Cornum 15.Cornum, Lou. "The Space NDN's Star Map." The New Inquiry, 26 Jan. 2015, https://thenewinquiry.com/the-space-ndns-star-map/. AND the space NDN reveals the myriad ways of relating to land beyond property. The role of the ballot is to center indigenous scholarship and resistance— Any ethical commitment requires that the aff place themselves in the center of Native scholarship and demands.Carlson 16 AND I believe our contributions to settler colonial studies are even more deeply problematic. | 2/21/22 |
JF22 - K - Set Col v5Tournament: Tournament of Champions | Round: Triples | Opponent: Isidore Newman EE | Judge: Panel 1 – Set ColThe 1AC’s model of debate and discourse is structured on the erasure of indigenous bodies and epistemologies. Settler colonialism is a structure not an event that infiltrates the status quo on every level. Every move we, as settlers, take on indigenous land for "well-being" is really just to hide the project of ongoing colonialism in attempt to forget the past, justifying settler moves to innocence that require slightly "recognizing" indigenous communities to mask our guilt. Thus, the role of the ballot is to vote for the best methodology that actively resists the project of settler colonialism. Only through the resistance of settler colonialism can we achieve the goodness they will talk about – its form over content – Shaw 20:Shaw, Devin Z., ~Devin Zane Shaw teaches philosophy at Douglas College, British Columbia. He is author of several books, including Philosophy of Antifascism: Punching Nazis and Fighting White Supremacy (Rowman and Littlefield International, 2020).~ "The Politics of the Blockade" (February, 2020). LHP PS AND our future. The ques-tion is: where do you stand? The evocation of common heritage of "mankind" always excludes those who are the constitutive excluded—mechanisms like the Moon treaty purport to be for the good of common humanity, but they in fact just reinforce the nation-state’s ability to make sovereign decisions over space. Cornum 18,Cornum, Lou. "Event Horizon." Real Life Mag, 12 Mar. 2018, https://reallifemag.com/event-horizon/. AND givens, the most persistent and damning of them being contact as conquest. Don’t be fooled by the aff’s claims to anti-capitalism—all they do is trade globalist capitalist exploitation for mercantilist capitalist exploitation. Private entities don’t need to appropriate themselves if they can rely on the colonial state to do it for them; the aff only dooms us to replicate the logic of the railroad, where the colonial state did the appropriating of indigenous lands to hand them over for financialization as a way to reinforce whiteness. Gal 21The Interstellar Railroad, or Speculation and Shareholder Whiteness in the Space Economy Réka PatrÃcia Gál April 14, 2021 AND , and whiteness in interstellar space, and speculate towards a better future? There is no difference between public and private space – the state promotes and sanctions the private sector. Not only does the aff do nothing, it legitimates the fiction that the actions of a coopted settler-colonial state are in fact for the people, while the state continues to make the private sector do its dirty work on command. Klinger,Klinger, Julie Michelle. Rare Earth Frontiers. AND the end of the Cold War (United States House of Representatives 1998). The alternative is to make space for indigenous futurist reimagining of the relationship between the NDN and the state. It’s a prerequisite to any reconceptualization of land ownership and requires the capability to appropriate space making it mutually exclusive to the aff. The aff reinforces the settler view of relation to land with their flattened understanding of appropriation and also makes it impossible since indigenous people are private entities, Cornum 15.https://thenewinquiry.com/the-space-ndns-star-map/ AND the space NDN reveals the myriad ways of relating to land beyond property. | 4/24/22 |
JF22 - PIC - REMTournament: Lexington | Round: Doubles | Opponent: Millburn ST | Judge: Panel REM PICCP Text: The appropriation of outer space by private entities is unjust except for private entities in the United States mining rare earth metals from asteroids.The PIC is key to beat China and protect against Chinese REM gatekeepingStavridis 21 ~(James, retired US Navy admiral, chief international diplomacy and national security analyst for NBC News, senior fellow at JHU Applied Physics Library, PhD in Law and Diplomacy from Tufts) "U.S. Needs a Strong Defense Against China’s Rare-Earth Weapon," Bloomberg Opinion, March 4, 2021, https://www.bloomberg.com/opinion/articles/2021-03-04/u-s-needs-a-strong-defense-against-china-s-rare-earth-weapon~~ TDI AND , and should serve as a basis for the Biden administration and Congress. Asteroid mining solves, Ravisetti 21:Monisha Ravisetti covers all things science at CNET. On a separate note, she plays a ton of online chess and is a fan of overly complicated sci-fi movies., Oct 4, 2021, "Rare asteroids near Earth may contain precious metals worth $11.65 trillion" https://www.cnet.com/news/rare-asteroids-near-earth-may-become-targets-for-space-mining/ LHP AV AND building materials wouldn't have to withstand the expensive shuttle from Earth to space. Pursuit inevitable—-decline causes global warBeckley 15 (Michael Beckley is a research fellow in the International Security Program at Harvard Kennedy School’s Belfer Center for Science and International Affairs., "The Myth of Entangling Alliances Michael Beckley Reassessing the Security Risks of U.S. Defense Pacts", http://live.belfercenter.org/files/IS3904'pp007-048.pdf) AND leaving it without partners to share the burden when those interventions go awry. Counterplan solves warming – climate solutions rely on REMs, Arrobas et al 17:Arrobas et al 17 ~(Daniele La Porta Arrobas is a senior mining specialist with the World Bank based in Washington DC and has degrees in Geoscience and Environmental Management, Kirsten Hund is a senior mining specialist with the Energy and Extractives Global Practice of the World Bank and holds a Master’s in IR from the University of Groningen in the Netherlands, Michael Stephen McCormick, Jagabanta Ningthoujam has an MA in international economics and international development from JHU and a BS in MechE from Natl University of Singapore, John Drexhage also works at the Intl Institute for Sustainable Development) "The Growing Role of Minerals and Metals for a Low Carbon Future," World Bank, June 30, 2017, https://documents.worldbank.org/en/publication/documents-reports/documentdetail/207371500386458722/the-growing-role-of-minerals-and-metals-for-a-low-carbon-future~~ TDI AND . It concludes by identifying critical research gaps and suggestions for future work. Warming causes extinction.Klein 14 ~(Naomi Klein, award-winning journalist, syndicated columnist, former Miliband Fellow at the London School of Economics, member of the board of directors of 350.org), This Changes Everything: Capitalism vs. the Climate, pp. 12-14~ AND now convinced that global warming poses a clear and present danger to civilization." | 1/17/22 |
JF22 - PIC - REM v2Tournament: Harvard | Round: 4 | Opponent: Acton-Boxborough AK | Judge: Dylan Jones 3 – PICCP Text: States, except the United States, should ban the appropriation of outer space for asteroid mining by private entities. The United States should fund the appropriation of outer space for the mining of rare earth metals from asteroids by private entities.China is gatekeeping rare earth metals in the squo.Stavridis 21 ~(James, retired US Navy admiral, chief international diplomacy and national security analyst for NBC News, senior fellow at JHU Applied Physics Library, PhD in Law and Diplomacy from Tufts) "U.S. Needs a Strong Defense Against China’s Rare-Earth Weapon," Bloomberg Opinion, March 4, 2021, https://www.bloomberg.com/opinion/articles/2021-03-04/u-s-needs-a-strong-defense-against-china-s-rare-earth-weapon~~ TDI AND , and should serve as a basis for the Biden administration and Congress. Asteroid mining solves, Ravisetti 21:Monisha Ravisetti covers all things science at CNET. On a separate note, she plays a ton of online chess and is a fan of overly complicated sci-fi movies., Oct 4, 2021, "Rare asteroids near Earth may contain precious metals worth $11.65 trillion" https://www.cnet.com/news/rare-asteroids-near-earth-may-become-targets-for-space-mining/ LHP AV AND building materials wouldn't have to withstand the expensive shuttle from Earth to space. Counterplan solves warming – climate solutions rely on REMs, Arrobas et al 17:Arrobas et al 17 ~(Daniele La Porta Arrobas is a senior mining specialist with the World Bank based in Washington DC and has degrees in Geoscience and Environmental Management, Kirsten Hund is a senior mining specialist with the Energy and Extractives Global Practice of the World Bank and holds a Master’s in IR from the University of Groningen in the Netherlands, Michael Stephen McCormick, Jagabanta Ningthoujam has an MA in international economics and international development from JHU and a BS in MechE from Natl University of Singapore, John Drexhage also works at the Intl Institute for Sustainable Development) "The Growing Role of Minerals and Metals for a Low Carbon Future," World Bank, June 30, 2017, https://documents.worldbank.org/en/publication/documents-reports/documentdetail/207371500386458722/the-growing-role-of-minerals-and-metals-for-a-low-carbon-future~~ TDI AND . It concludes by identifying critical research gaps and suggestions for future work. Counterplan OWs – terrestrial mining hurts indigenous communities, Healy and Baker 21:Jack Healy is a Colorado-based national correspondent who focuses on rural places and life outside America's "City Limits" signs. He has worked in Iraq and Afghanistan for The Times and is a graduate of the University of Missouri’s journalism school. He adopted a street cat from Baghdad and still has the scars on his hands to prove it. Mike Baker is the Seattle bureau chief, reporting primarily from the Northwest and Alaska. "As Miners Chase Clean-Energy Minerals, Tribes Fear a Repeat of the Past" Dec 27, 2021 | 2/19/22 |
JF22 - T - Actor if SpecTournament: Tournament of Champions | Round: 2 | Opponent: BASIS Independent Silicon Valley SK | Judge: Nails, Jacob 2 – Need an Actor if SpecInterpretation: If the affirmative garners offense off of the consequences of a fiated, specified plan, then, the affirmative must defend a governmental actor that bans private appropriation. To clarify, they can’t just defend private entities stop appropriating lunar heritage sites.Violation:Vote neg:1~ Ground – circumvention, politics, process CPs, - we loose all possible DA’s of how the plan is actually implemented or works, which means the negative can never generate offense to the plan if it o/w its core generics agaisnt a super tiny plan aff which they read.2~ Utopian Fiat – the aff inherency means private entities want to obviously appropriate, but they don’t explain at all why they would stop – they don’t get magical access to that – impacts – A~ kills real world and policymaking education – B~ topic literature – no one argues against it because it is utopian which kills negative ground and engagementThis is supercharged by the fact that the plan is debatably inherent. The US is the only nation that’s been to the moon and they already have this law – Lupsha 21:https://www.thegreatcoursesdaily.com/new-law-regarding-human-heritage-in-space-protects-lunar-artifacts/~~#:~~:text=According20to20CNN2C20historical20markers,law2CE2809D20the20article20said. AND -known to all generations of Americans. Here’s where it all started. Guess what, you’re even more inherent: it’s also in the Artemis accords, signed by a bunch of spacefaring nations – Nasa:https://www.nasa.gov/sites/default/files/atoms/files/artemis'plan-20200921.pdf Even if you don’t vote on the shell offensively, this means you vote for neg presumption: you don’t even know if the aff is the squo. | 4/23/22 |
JF22 - T - AppropriationTournament: Barkley Forum | Round: 3 | Opponent: Peninsula AB | Judge: McGinnis, David T – AppropriationInterpretation – the aff must specify what type of Private Actor Appropriation they affect.Appropriation is extremely vague – no legal precedent means no normal meansPershing 19, Abigail D. "Interpreting the Outer Space Treaty's Non-Appropriation Principle: Customary International Law from 1967 to Today." Yale J. Int'l L. 44 (2019): 149. (Robina Fellow at European Court of Human Rights. European Court of Human Rights Yale Law School)Elmer AND (or at least tolerated) and what has been prohibited or rejected. Violation: they don’t~1~ Shiftiness – vague plan wording wrecks Neg Ground since it’s impossible to know which arguments link given different types of appropriation like mining, space col, satellites, and tourism – the 1AR dodges links by saying they don’t affect particular types of appropriation, or they don’t reduce private appropriation enough to trigger the link – that destroys my ability to engage especially bc xyzDrop the debater – a~ to deter future abuse b~ dropping the arg is incoherent since it indicts the aff advocacy c~ can’t solve because they’ll just shift into a convenient definitionCompeting Interps – a~ reasonability is arbitrary and invites judge internveiton b~ reasonability collapses - you use offense/defense paradigm to evaluate brightlines, I’ll defend a norm setting model, anything else is arbitrary, infinitely regressive, and interventionist, theres no way to verify in round abuse1N T/Theory First~1~ Lexicality - their abuse happened prior to my abuse, means that ~a~ you cannot truly evaluate other abuses - its epistemically skewed ~b~ it means my abuse was justified insofar that I had to be abusive to combat their abuse~2~ Norming - we get 3 speeches to norm over the shell, while 1ar theory allows us only 2 means that ~a~ o/w on probability that the shell is true - we debated the 1n norm rigorously ~b~ we get more theory education which o/w on scope~3~ Timeframe –~4~ Scope – it applies to all forms of the debate while yours just are specificNo RVI’s –(a) creates a chilling effect – aff is dangerous on theory because they get to prep a long counterinterp in the 1ar and then get the 2ar to collapse, weigh, and contextualize - negs would always be disincentived from reading theory against good theory debaters which leads to infinite abuse so it outweighs time skew(b) they’re illogical - "I’m fair vote for me" doesn’t make any sense - you dont win for meeting ur burden of being fair - logic comes first on theory since all args need to make sense in order to be evaluable. | 1/28/22 |
JF22 - T - ExtraTournament: Barkley Forum | Round: 5 | Opponent: Ardrey Kell RG | Judge: Melin, Jenn 1 – Extra T BadInterpretation – Unjust refers to a negative action – it means contrary.Black’s Laws No Date "What is Unjust?" https://thelawdictionary.org/unjust/ Elmer Violation – The Aff is a positive action – it creates a new concept for Space i.e. the treating of Space under the public trust doctrineVote neg —1~ Limits – it explodes predictability since they can fiat anything they want – i.e. making the state suddenly benevolent and getting all their advantages from that – that screws me out of DAs like state bad because they suddenly fiat it becomes good.2~ Policy Ed – they destroy it because you can’t just fiat the state equitably distributes resources – cx made this very clear – why havent they distributed in the squo3~ Kritikal Ed – suddenly saying the state becomes good destroys the chance for us to get deep engagement on the state or structures of the state and HOW YOU GET TO A GOOD STATE because they’ll just auto fiat it – that’s unrealistic and stops us from talking about movements.3~ TVA – just defend that space appropriation is badUse Competing Interps – 1~ Topicality is a yes/no question, you can’t be reasonably topical and 2~ Reasonability invites arbitrary judge intervention and a race to the bottom of questionable argumentation.No RVI’s - 1~ Forces the 1NC to go all-in on Theory which kills substance education, 2~ Encourages Baiting since the 1AC will purposely be abusive, and 3~ Illogical – you shouldn’t win for not being abusive.Drop the debater – | 1/29/22 |
JF22 - T - FiatTournament: Harvard | Round: 1 | Opponent: Trinity Prep JC | Judge: Fabriece Etienne 1 – T-SpecInterp: The 1AC plan text must defend a policy action."Resolved:" the appropriation of outer space by private entities is "unjust" entails policy action:1—-Resolved.Merriam Webster '18 (Merriam Webster; 2018 Edition; Online dictionary and legal resource; Merriam Webster, "resolve," https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/resolve; RP)
2—-Unjust.Black’s Law ~The Law Dictionary Featuring Black's Law Dictionary Free Online Legal Dictionary 2nd Ed. No Date. https://thelawdictionary.org/unjust/~~ brett Violation: There’s no plan, they defend the res as a general rule.Prefer:1—-Vagueness—-debates inevitably involve the AFF defending something, but only our interp forces that to be clearly defined that from the start. Their model leads to late-breaking debates that destroy ground, for example we won’t know if asteroid mining or space exploration are offense until the 1AR, which skews neg prep.2—-Topic ed—-specific policies teaches lets us go deep into the topic, uniquely important given the evolving character of space law – outweighs bc we only have 2 month topics, and phil ed is solved by free textbooks – space law is inseparable from actual policy actions.Competing interpretations—it tells the negative what they do and do not have to prepare for. Reasonability is arbitrary and unpredictable, inviting a race to the bottom and we’ll win it links to our offense.Drop the debater to deter future abuse and because the 2N doesn’t get new disads to whole rez so it’s permanently skewed.Fairness first –Education is a voter its the terminal impact of debate and if we don’t get policy education we cant solveDrop the debater – deter future abuse and drop the arg is incoherent on T | 2/18/22 |
JF22 - T - GPSTournament: Palm Classic | Round: Doubles | Opponent: Mission San Jose SR | Judge: Panel 2 – Non TopicalInterpretation – the affirmative has to defend a ban on private appropriation and their offense has to link back to that. To clarify, they cannot defend a ban on GPS since it is not private appropriationViolation: They ban GPSThe GPS system is run by the Department of Defense – Federal Aviation Administration:"Satellite Navigation - Global Positioning System (GPS)." Satellite Navigation - Global Positioning System (GPS) | Federal Aviation Administration,https://www.faa.gov/about/office'org/headquarters'offices/ato/service'units/techops/navservices/gnss/gps~~#:~~:text=Currently203120GPS20satellites20orbit,Department20of20Defense20(DoD). LHP PS AND GPS is being used in a wide variety of applications across the globe. Crossapply voters from the other shell on semantics. This specific aff kills fairness – I can’t prep for it because it’s all based on GPS but that’s not private appropriation like they claim this is. Means I have no ground against the aff making it impossible to negate. Even if you evaluate this isn’t a reason to drop them, it means the aff does nothing and they don’t prove the rez. out their cx arguments – the GPS is managed by the public even if it is bought from the private. Private corporations are appropriating on behalf of the state. | 2/14/22 |
JF22 - T - ISS ReplacementTournament: Palm Classic | Round: Octas | Opponent: Westwood PM | Judge: Panel 1NC Palm Classic Octas vs. Westwood PM1 – T-ISS ReplacementInterpretation the affirmative may not read a plan banning private entities from appropriating outer space via commercial space stations that replace the International Space Station.Violation: They did.Vote neg for ground – no neg ground against ban on commercial space stations replacing the ISS – all I have is ISS bad which they’ll have frontlined – generic K’s they’ll use specificity to take out and perm the alt since they only ban – no access to policy IR disads, mining das, megaconstellations, etc. Hold the line – this is the tiniest aff in history. And, pics/clash don’t apply since this shell gives reasons why this aff specifically is unfair. Also links to topic ed since we’ll just have stale debates about the iss being good which they’ll have prepped out.~2~ fiat abuse – their fiat of intentionality means I don’t get access to das Vote on fairness since anything else arbitrarily skews the round to the unfair debater and it frames my ability to respond to their arguments in the first place. Competing interps since reasonability is arbitrary and encourages judge intervention, and I win under reasonability if I win strong standards.Drop the debaterA~ to deter future abuseB~ dropping the advocacy is functionally the sameNo RVIs A~ logic – im fair vote for me makes no sense – logic comes first on all args because they need to make sense to be evaluableB~ rvis make affs abusive to bait theory and win on a long counterinterpC~ chilling effect – people won’t read theory against good theory debaters which makes infinite uncheckable abuse that outweighs | 2/15/22 |
JF22 - T - NebelTournament: Palm Classic | Round: 3 | Opponent: Harker RM | Judge: Ying, Derek 1 – T-Spec1 –Interpretation: The affirmative debater may not specify a type of appropriation to ban.Violation: They spec mining.Vote neg –Definite singulars imply a generic "rules reading" in the context of moral statementsCohen 1 — (Ariel Cohen, Professor of Linguistics @ Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, PhD Computational Linguistics from Carnegie Mellon University, "On the Generic Use of Indefinite Singulars". Journal of Semantics 18: 183-209, Oxford University Press, 2001, accessed 12-7-20, HKR-AM) BP = bare plurals AND predicate holds of it just in case the rule is ‘in effect’. The resolution is a generic moral statement that implies that the aff has to defend all forms of private appropriation being unjust.Vote neg:1~ Precision outweighs. A~ stasis point – the rez is a precondition to debate – abandoning it makes us two ships passing which destroys the activity B~ link turns pragmatics since no precision justifies the aff defending anything which is the most unfair and un-educational. C~ Jurisdiction – tournament rules say to vote under the topic which makes it a meta constraint on the ballot2~ Limits – they explode them since they can defend any form of appropriation compounded by infinite combinations, every aff can say only their aff, that outweighs since the neg can never beat back extensive frontlines to unique affs geared to take out generics and encourages cherry picking abusive affs the neg can’t respond to. Controls the internal link to ground – affs will always be hyperspecific and negs general prep won’t work against them.3~ Predictability – there’s infinite affs they can specify with different permutations of states which means I don’t know what to prepare for and the aff is always ahead – supercharged by the fact that the aff knows the only specific args negs can read on htemTVA – you could have just read the plan as an advantage under a whole res advocacyVote on fairness since anything else arbitrarily skews the round to the unfair debater. Competing interps since reasonability is arbitrary and encourages judge intervention, and I win under reasonability if I win strong standards.Drop the debaterA~ to deter future abuseB~ dropping the advocacy is functionally the same.No RVIs A~ logic – im fair vote for me makes no sense – logic comes first on all args because they need to make sense to be evaluableB~ rvis make affs abusive to bait theory and win on a long counterinterpC~ chilling effect – people won’t read theory against good theory debaters which makes infinite uncheckable abuse that outweighsPrefer a norms creation model of competing interps, in which you defend a norm being good or bad based on all potential applications and benefits of said norm:~1~ Resolvability - no way to determine how much abuse happened in the round because it’s not tangible, means we need to debate if the norm itself is good or bad~2~ Norm Setting - anything else allows debaters to get away with infinitely abusive practices because they will make arbitrary and self serving arguments as to why in round they were not abusive - norm setting is the terminal impact to theory and the reason it was created in the first place~3~ Accessibility - holistic applications allow debaters to rigorously create and set norms to make debate a safer space - anything else is too round-dependent and fails to improve debate, accessibility o/w its k2 debating in the first place~4~ Anything else incentivizes people to read hyper specific affs and then say it’s common topic gorund, but the reason it’s common topic ground despite it being abusive is because everyone agreed on it – people agreeing on being abusive doesn’t make it non abusive. | 2/13/22 |
JF22 - T - Nebel v2Tournament: Tournament of Champions | Round: 2 | Opponent: BASIS Independent Silicon Valley SK | Judge: Nails, Jacob 1 – Nebel T1 –Interpretation: The affirmative debater may not specify a type of appropriation to ban.Violation: They spec mining.Vote neg –Definite singulars imply a generic "rules reading" in the context of moral statementsCohen 1 — (Ariel Cohen, Professor of Linguistics @ Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, PhD Computational Linguistics from Carnegie Mellon University, "On the Generic Use of Indefinite Singulars". Journal of Semantics 18: 183-209, Oxford University Press, 2001, accessed 12-7-20, HKR-AM) BP = bare plurals AND predicate holds of it just in case the rule is ‘in effect’. The resolution is a generic moral statement that implies that the aff has to defend all forms of private appropriation being unjust.Vote neg:1~ Precision outweighs.A~ stasis point – the rez is a precondition to debate – abandoning it makes us two ships passing which destroys the activityB~ link turns pragmatics since no precision justifies the aff defending anything which is the most unfair and un-educational.C~ Jurisdiction – tournament rules say to vote under the topic which makes it a meta constraint on the ballot2~ Limits – they explode them since they can defend any form of appropriation compounded by infinite combinations, every aff can say only their aff, that outweighs since the neg can never beat back extensive frontlines to unique affs geared to take out generics and encourages cherry picking abusive affs the neg can’t respond to. Controls the internal link to ground – affs will always be hyperspecific and negs general prep won’t work against them.3~ Predictability – there’s infinite affs they can specify with different permutations of states which means I don’t know what to prepare for and the aff is always ahead – supercharged by the fact that the aff knows the only specific args negs can read on htemTVA – you could have just read the plan as an advantage under a whole res advocacyVote on fairness since anything else arbitrarily skews the round to the unfair debater. Competing interps since reasonability is arbitrary and encourages judge intervention, and I win under reasonability if I win strong standards.Drop the debaterA~ to deter future abuseB~ dropping the advocacy is functionally the same.No RVIs A~ logic – im fair vote for me makes no sense – logic comes first on all args because they need to make sense to be evaluableB~ rvis make affs abusive to bait theory and win on a long counterinterpC~ chilling effect – people won’t read theory against good theory debaters which makes infinite uncheckable abuse that outweighsPrefer a norms creation model of competing interps, in which you defend a norm being good or bad based on all potential applications and benefits of said norm:~1~ Resolvability - no way to determine how much abuse happened in the round because it’s not tangible, means we need to debate if the norm itself is good or bad~2~ Norm Setting - anything else allows debaters to get away with infinitely abusive practices because they will make arbitrary and self serving arguments as to why in round they were not abusive - norm setting is the terminal impact to theory and the reason it was created in the first placeT Over 1ar theory –1~ Timeframe – we only have a few months to debate over the topic while we have years to seto ther norms2~ Magnitude – T indicts the entirety of the 1ac which is what the round is based on while theory is only a small part3~ Lexicality – The aff is first which means if I’m abusive it’s justified by them | 4/23/22 |
JF22 - T - Private Actor AppropriationTournament: Harvard | Round: Quarters | Opponent: Harrison MB | Judge: Panel 1 – T – Private actor appropriatoinInterpretation – the aff must define what type of Private Actor Appropriation they affect.Appropriation is extremely vague – no legal precedent means no normal meansPershing 19, Abigail D. "Interpreting the Outer Space Treaty's Non-Appropriation Principle: Customary International Law from 1967 to Today." Yale J. Int'l L. 44 (2019): 149. (Robina Fellow at European Court of Human Rights. European Court of Human Rights Yale Law School)Elmer AND (or at least tolerated) and what has been prohibited or rejected. That functions as a resolvability standard because their model is impossible to determineViolation: they don’tThe net benefit is shiftiness – vague plan wording wrecks Neg Ground since it’s impossible to know which arguments link given different types of appropriation like mining, space col, satellites, and tourism – the 1AR dodges links by saying they don’t affect particular types of appropriation, or they don’t reduce private appropriation enough to trigger the linkSpec is key – otherwise they can just shift their advocacy depending on the 1nc and say no link to my positions which wrecks competitive equity. No regress on resolutional spec shells because there’s a limited number of words in the rez i.e.approrpirate, private entities, etc.. Non-lit-based spec would lose to reasonability and no caselist or abuse. CX doesn’t check – preround prep was skewed which is when people construct the 1NC so I lose 30 minutes to prep, judges also don’t flow cross ex so whatever is said is irresolvable and unverifiable.Fairness – A~ testing – if they were unfair we were skewed in responding which means you cant evaluate their truth claims – means no crossapps b~ they concede its authority via tournament procedures c~ if it’s unfair I cant engage with the aff and have the debate about good movementsNo RVIs – A~ logic – you don’t win for meeting your burden, that o/w all args need to make logical sense to be evaluated – B~ creates a chilling effect – aff is dangerous on theory because they get to prep a long counterinterp and get both speeches to weigh which chills neg reading theory means infinite abuseCompeting interps – A~ reasonability’s arbitrary and forces judge intervention especially with 2ar recontextualizations to always sound like the more reasonable debater – B~ norm setting - we find the best possible norms – C~ reasonability collapses - you use offense/defense paradigm to evaluate brightlinesDTD – A~ Epistemic Skew – I was structurally precluded from engaging in substance, means you can eval it, they are always ahead – B~ deters future abuse – empirically confirmed via a prioris, , | 2/22/22 |
JF22 - T - Rocket LaunchesTournament: Harvard | Round: 4 | Opponent: Acton-Boxborough AK | Judge: Dylan Jones 2 – T Rocket LaunchesInterp: the aff must only defend the appropriation of outer space being unjust – they cannot ban private rocket launches.Private Rocket Launches aren’t appropriation:"Appropriation of outer space" by private entities refers to the exercise of exclusive control of space.TIMOTHY JUSTIN TRAPP, JD Candidate @ UIUC Law, ’13, TAKING UP SPACE BY ANY OTHER MEANS: COMING TO TERMS WITH THE NONAPPROPRIATION ARTICLE OF THE OUTER SPACE TREATY UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS LAW REVIEW ~Vol. 2013 No. 4~ AND the Bogotá Declaration were trying to accomplish, albeit through different means.219 The launch itself isn’t appropriation, Appropriation is the act of permanently taking things in space. How is that a rocket launch.Extra-T Explodes limits – it justifies people reading advocacies that ban anything other than appropriation i.e. things like racism or a single rocket. I have no frontlines since the rocket launch itself isn’t appropriation – all my arguments are for things like mining or satellite destruction, but they can shift out of it by saying they only ban private launch and not things like private mining – links to predictability making it impossible to negate.Fairness is a voter – if I had 10 mins to defend fairness… Drop the debater future abuse and it’s topicalityNo rvis logic im fair vote for me doesn’t make sense baitingCompeting interps reasonability’s arbitrary invites judge intervention | 2/19/22 |
MA22 - K - DeanTournament: FFL States | Round: 2 | Opponent: NSU SF | Judge: Hernandez, Javier 1 – K – DeanThe aff’s reliance on finding "objective" information through free journalism traps us in a fantasy that empowers the oppressors – we believe we are contributing to politics but in reality are just excusing our own lack of action by endlessly consuming "objective" information and re-entrench the system that pacifies us and enables capitalism – the only way to catalyze action is by focusing on advocacy, DEAN 01~Jodi Dean. "Communicative Capitalism: Circulation and the Foreclosure of Politics." Cultural Politics, vol. 1, issue 1, 2005.~ LHP JW DEAN 01, AND produced (and deployed) in the service of prevailing power relations.' Only a partisan press solves – a shift towards apolitical, "objective," and non-historic press has led to the rise of Fascism and also harms anticapitalist movements – it was the reason Hitler gained power,Fitzgerald, Andrew A. Letting the Fascists Speak for Themselves: The Enabling of Authoritarians and the Need for a Partisan Press. Stanford University, 11 July 2028, https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/0196859918786938. LHP AB AND or outright sympathy for the nascent fascist politico-cultural apparatus is telling. Capitalism is a death cult – the apocalypse is already happening. Without an unshakable commitment to the total and complete rejection of the fetishization capitalist value, we will all die like the dinosaurs. Only a unified movement can solve, Allinson 21Allinson, J. (2021). The tragedy of the worker: towards the proletarocene. Verso Books. pg 8-17 AND of ‘adaptation’ has become the ideology of capitalism’s triumph over all life. The role of the ballot is to vote for the debater who best engages in the politics of the comrade – one that is oriented toward a shared communist horizon. Anything else means capitalism will co-opt movements. "Objectivity" is really a way for the press to halt the movement – Dean 19:Dean, Jodi. Comrade: An essay on political belonging. Verso, 2019. LHP BT + LHP PS AND in, welcoming the new comrade into relations irreducible to their broader setting. The alternative is to act even in the presence of unknowingness. We can either react to dominating structures by constantly deferring action in favor of gaining more information – gaining the secret – or we advocate for what is necessary even without complete knowledge about the outcomes. The aff’s discourse replicates capitalist logic where they perpetuate the belief that you should not act when you don’t know the absolute outcome, which functions as justifications for capitalism, Dean~Jodi Dean. "A Politics of Avoidance: The Limits of Weak Ontology." n.d. jdeanicite.typepad.com/i'cite/files/butler'and'ontology.doc~ LHP JW AND we are to oppose the market and religious fundamentalism threatening the world today. | 3/5/22 |
ND21 - K - CapTournament: Blue Key | Round: 1 | Opponent: Academy Of Classical Christian Studies JM | Judge: Gedela, Tej 2 – K – CapThe telos of the 1ac's politics is the strike – that naturalizes capital's control and is parasitic on political organizing.Eidlin 20 Barry Eidlin (assistant professor of sociology at McGill University and the author of Labor and the Class Idea in the United States and Canada), 1-6-2020, "Why Unions Are Good – But Not Good Enough," Jacobin, https://www.jacobinmag.com/2020/01/marxism-trade-unions-socialism-revolutionary-organizing Recognizing a right to strike reduces revolutionary potential and fractures class organizing – turns the perm.Crépon 19 Mark Crépon (French philosopher), translated by Micol Bez "The Right to Strike and Legal War in Walter Benjamin's 'Toward the Critique of Violence,'" Critical Times, 2:2, August 2019, DOI 10.1215/26410478-7708331 Capitalism's successes necessitate human extinction and destroy the value to life – it's try or die for alternative organizingDuzgun 20 Eren Duzgun (teaches Historical Sociology and International Relations at Leiden University, Netherlands), 4-5-2020, "Capitalism, Coronavirus and the Road to Extinction," Socialist Project, https://socialistproject.ca/2020/04/capitalism-coronavirus-and-road-to-extinction/ 1 – T Must SpecInterpretation: The affirmative debater must specify the type of strikes they defend in a delineated text in the 1AC.Violation: they didn'tStandards –1~ Topic lit – strikes are the core question of the topic and there's no consensus on normal means so you must spec.Law Library ====This acts as a resolvability standard. Debate must make sense and be comparable for the judge to decide which means it's an independent voter and outweighs.==== 2~ Prep skew – I don't know what they will be willing to clarify until CX which means I could go 6 minutes planning to read a disad and then get screwed over in CX when they spec a different type of strike. This means that CX can't check because the time in between is when I should be formulating my strat and waiting until then is the abuse. Key fairness because I won't be able to use the strat I formulated if you skewed my prep and will have a time disadvantage .3~ Shiftiness – they can shift out of things like Das that are contextual to types of strikes or say that something isn't a strike, i.e. a police strike, under the aff, mooting swaths of the 1N.4) Real world – all IRL enforcement of right to strike is in context of specifics, the NLRB has many different conditions of what's underneath a right to strike and differentiates the protections based on the type of strike (ie, unfair labor practices strikes have different protections than purely economic strikes). This means that failing to spec completely undermines any education and also destroys my ability to have fair access to lit on the question, all of which are going to be specific to context.Fairness –DTD –No RVI's – | 10/29/21 |
ND21 - K - Cap v2Tournament: Glenbrooks | Round: 6 | Opponent: Millburn AX | Judge: Ratnasabapathy, Tarun 1 – CapForms of fragmented politics completely cedes the political to capitalism. Engagement in undercommon communication is too individualized and resists collective and concrete change. This constitutes enjoyment of melancholic pleasures of being distanced and accommodated to the real world, and as a result remains stuck in parasitic oppression without change – Dean 13:"Communist Desire", Jodi Dean, , 2013, LHP AM AND as they capture us in activities that feel productive, important, radical. The telos of the 1ac’s politics is the strike – that naturalizes capital’s control and is parasitic on political organizing.Eidlin 20 Barry Eidlin (assistant professor of sociology at McGill University and the author of Labor and the Class Idea in the United States and Canada), 1-6-2020, "Why Unions Are Good – But Not Good Enough," Jacobin, https://www.jacobinmag.com/2020/01/marxism-trade-unions-socialism-revolutionary-organizing AND formation of "a political organization of the working class as a whole." Recognizing a right to strike reduces revolutionary potential and fractures class organizing – turns the perm.Crépon 19 Mark Crépon (French philosopher), translated by Micol Bez "The Right to Strike and Legal War in Walter Benjamin’s ‘Toward the Critique of Violence,’" Critical Times, 2:2, August 2019, DOI 10.1215/26410478-7708331 AND and to take responsibility for it that the left regularly loses workers’ support. Capitalism is a death cult and the apocalypse is already happening. Without an unshakable commitment to the total and complete rejection of the fetishization capitalist value, we will all die like the dinosaurs, Allinson 21Allinson, J. (2021). The tragedy of the worker: towards the proletarocene. Verso Books. pg 8-17 AND of ‘adaptation’ has become the ideology of capitalism’s triumph over all life. The alternative is the politics of the comrade – one that is oriented toward a shared communist horizon – only our methodology can fight capitalism, anything else allows it to take over co-opting any movement – Dean 19:Dean, Jodi. Comrade: An essay on political belonging. Verso, 2019. LHP BT + LHP PS AND in, welcoming the new comrade into relations irreducible to their broader setting. The role of the ballot is fidelity to the truth – dedication to a shared horizon is liberatory, Dean 19:Dean, Jodi. Comrade: An essay on political belonging. Verso, 2019. LHP BT + LHP PS AND that comrade relations produce. It concentrates comradeship even as comradeship exceeds it. | 11/21/21 |
ND21 - PIC - PoliceTournament: Glenbrooks | Round: 3 | Opponent: Coppell RM | Judge: Kivimaki, Mark Police PICCounterplan: A just government ought to recognize the unconditional right of workers to strike except for police officers.Police Strikes are used to combat racial progress and attempts to limit police power. Making them legal and easier only make progress much harder.Andrew Grim 2020 What is the ‘blue flu’ and how has it increased police power? https://www.washingtonpost.com/outlook/2020/07/01/what-is-blue-flu-how-has-it-increased-police-power/ AND wrest back control of the public debate on policing and reassert their independence. Those strikes cement a police culture which leads to endless amounts of racist violence and the bolstering of the prison industrial complex.Chaney and Ray 13, Cassandra (Has a PhD and is a professor at LSU. Also has a strong focus in the structure of Black families) , and Ray V. Robertson (Also has a PhD and is a criminal justice professor at LSU). "Racism and police brutality in America." Journal of African American Studies 17.4 (2013): 480-505. SMdo I really need a card for this AND shape both intergroup dynamics and support for criminal justice policy (Leverentz 2012). | 11/20/21 |
ND21 - PIC - Police v2Tournament: Glenbrooks | Round: 6 | Opponent: Millburn AX | Judge: Ratnasabapathy, Tarun 2 – Police PICCounterplan: A just government ought to recognize the unconditional right of workers to strike except for police officers.Police Strikes are used to combat racial progress and attempts to limit police power. Making them legal and easier only make progress much harder.Andrew Grim 2020 What is the ‘blue flu’ and how has it increased police power? https://www.washingtonpost.com/outlook/2020/07/01/what-is-blue-flu-how-has-it-increased-police-power/ AND wrest back control of the public debate on policing and reassert their independence. Those strikes cement a police culture which leads to endless amounts of racist violence and the bolstering of the prison industrial complex.Chaney and Ray 13, Cassandra (Has a PhD and is a professor at LSU. Also has a strong focus in the structure of Black families) , and Ray V. Robertson (Also has a PhD and is a criminal justice professor at LSU). "Racism and police brutality in America." Journal of African American Studies 17.4 (2013): 480-505. SMdo I really need a card for this AND shape both intergroup dynamics and support for criminal justice policy (Leverentz 2012). | 11/21/21 |
ND21 - T - Just GovtTournament: Blue Key | Round: 6 | Opponent: Monta Vista KR | Judge: McLoughlin, Samantha 1 – T Just GovtInterpretation: the affirmative may not defend the United States federal government recognizing a right to strike.Just governments respect libertiesDorn 12 James A. Dorn, Cato Journal, "The Scope of Government in a Free Society", Fall 2012, https://www.cato.org/sites/cato.org/files/serials/files/cato-journal/2012/12/v32n3-10.pdf US HR violations don't secure libertiesAmnesty International, 4-14-2021, "Everything you need to know about human rights in United States of America," No Publication, https://www.amnesty.org/en/countries/americas/united-states-of-america/report-united-states-of-america/ The oppressive structure of the United States is maintained by the narrative of justice and triumph.Ioanide, Paula. "The Alchemy of Race and Affect:"White Innocence" and Public Secrets in the Post–Civil Rights Era." Kalfou 1.1 (2014). Violation: they didImpacts –A~ accessibility – they try to justify USA as just which is exclusionary towards minorities and people of color who feel violence from the US govt everyday. This is supercharged by their reps and performance – they literally try to hide authoritarianism and promote US heg in spite of this systematic oppression. Hold the line – accessibility is an antecedent question to any other judge obligation because it's a prereq to debate and a jurisdictional obligation of educators.B~ they're not a just government in any way which side constrains any pragmatics offense and proves limits explosionVote neg –1~ Precision –A~ stasis point – the topic is the only reasonable focal point for debate – anything else destroys the possibility of debate because we will be two ships passingB~ internal link turn – violating semantics justifies the aff talking about whatever with zero neg prep or prediction which is the most unfair and uneducationalC~ Jurisdiction – you can't vote for them because the ballot and the tournament invitation say to vote for the better debater in the context of the resolution2~ Limits – there are almost 200 national governments in the world which is an unmanageable burden, especially for a 3 week camp. Only imposing restrictions via the word just can ensure debates are limited and full of clash3~ Fiat abuse – the only way they access these large scale impacts is by fiating a massive shift – the core topic lit is a question of what to do with places with conditional right to strikes – this destroys negative ground by letting the aff auto outweigh. Fiat abuse is the highest pragmatic offense because it's specifically about this advocacy and demonstrates in-round abuse4~TVA –1~ use ideal theory instead. That's better –a~ promotes in-depth philosophical clash over labor law that's constittuive to LDb~ solves your offense because you can indicate you would solve these problems in an ideal world too – no reason you need China in particularFairness is a voter – debate's a game that requires objective evaluationEducation is a voter – it's why schools fund debateNo RVI – a~ illogical b~ baitingCompeting interps – it's key to avoid reasonability's arbitrariness and you can't be reasonably topical because it's yes/noDrop the debater –a~ to deter future abuse – they won't read args they can lose onb~ drop the arg is the same because it's the aff advocacyc~ to rectify the time lost reading theory – anything else rewards abuse | 10/30/21 |
ND21 - T - Just Govt v2Tournament: Glenbrooks | Round: 7 | Opponent: Westwood AR | Judge: Anderson, Sam 1 – T Just GovtInterpretation: The affirmative debater must not specify a government that is not just.Violation: They specify the EgyptEgypt is an unjust government –Joselow, Maxine. "Analysis | Egypt Will Host COP27. Expect Criticism over Fossil Fuels, Human Rights." The Washington Post, WP Company, 16 Nov. 2021, https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/2021/11/16/egypt-will-host-cop27-expect-criticism-over-fossil-fuels-human-rights/. LHP AB AND and climate-friendly growth; the path to 1.5 C." Vote neg –1~ Precision –A~ stasis point – the topic is the only reasonable focal point for debate – anything else destroys the possibility of debate because we will be two ships passingB~ internal link turn – violating semantics justifies the aff talking about whatever with zero neg prep or prediction which is the most unfair and uneducationalC~ Jurisdiction – you can’t vote for them because the ballot and the tournament invitation say to vote for the better debater in the context of the resolution2~ Limits – there are almost 200 national governments in the world which is an unmanageable burden. Only imposing restrictions via the word just can ensure debates are limited and full of clash3~ Fiat abuse – the rez says a just government should. By picking a dictatorial and authoritarian government and having the entire offense and link story about how that government is in the squo refusing and repressing all protest, they have created for themselves a vastly better link story and offense that the rez intends. They are fiating that an authoritarian regime no longer acts authoritarian. That destroys fairnes – I couldn’t predict it based on the rez and they have way too much offense.4~ Accessibility –A~ Calling egypt a just government is bad – it’s justifying tangible oppression against the egyptian people – even then, it is saying it can do this but still be a good govt which uniquely harms EgyptiansB~ Saying Sisi can be fixed is like saying Hitler can be fixed – pushes violence under the rug and hurts people affected by it.C~ The aff’s internal links say htat it’s important for Sisi to look good – that’s violent – it wants to hide violence dictators commit and cares about the image of dictators, especially those who have hurt real people in debate. Hold them accountable.Accessibility first – otherwise no one could engage in debate and it’s your obligation as an educator to stop violent practices.5~ TVA – don’t defend Egypt as a just governent and don’t spec. Defend a hypothetically just government.The aff would be topical if the rez said an unconditional govt in order to be just, or consistent with justice.DTD – deter future abuse, incoherent | 11/22/21 |
ND21 - T - Must SpecTournament: Blue Key | Round: 1 | Opponent: Academy Of Classical Christian Studies JM | Judge: Gedela, Tej 1 – T Must SpecInterpretation: The affirmative debater must specify the type of strikes they defend in a delineated text in the 1AC.Violation: they didn'tStandards –1~ Topic lit – strikes are the core question of the topic and there's no consensus on normal means so you must spec.Law Library ====This acts as a resolvability standard. Debate must make sense and be comparable for the judge to decide which means it's an independent voter and outweighs.==== 2~ Prep skew – I don't know what they will be willing to clarify until CX which means I could go 6 minutes planning to read a disad and then get screwed over in CX when they spec a different type of strike. This means that CX can't check because the time in between is when I should be formulating my strat and waiting until then is the abuse. Key fairness because I won't be able to use the strat I formulated if you skewed my prep and will have a time disadvantage .3~ Shiftiness – they can shift out of things like Das that are contextual to types of strikes or say that something isn't a strike, i.e. a police strike, under the aff, mooting swaths of the 1N.4) Real world – all IRL enforcement of right to strike is in context of specifics, the NLRB has many different conditions of what's underneath a right to strike and differentiates the protections based on the type of strike (ie, unfair labor practices strikes have different protections than purely economic strikes). This means that failing to spec completely undermines any education and also destroys my ability to have fair access to lit on the question, all of which are going to be specific to context.Fairness –DTD –No RVI's – | 10/29/21 |
SO21 - CP - PublicPrivate PartnershipsTournament: Grapevine | Round: 3 | Opponent: Coppell EH | Judge: Andrew Torrez 2 – Infrastructure DABiden’s infrastructure bill will pass through reconciliation but absolute Dem Unity is key.Turns Structural Violence AND not only boost economic growth but have the adverse effect of fueling inflation. Pharma backlashes to the Plan – they’re aggressive lobbyists and will do anything to preserve patent rights.Turns Case – Waters down the Plan due to lobbying AND controls on drug prices. The Senate has not voted on the bill. They choose Infrastructure as backlash – they bill costs Pharma millions – lobbyists can derail the Agenda.Brennan 8-2 Zachary Brennan 8-2-2021 "How the biopharma industry is helping to pay for the bipartisan infrastructure bill" https://endpts.com/how-the-biopharma-industry-is-helping-to-pay-for-the-bipartisan-infrastructure-bill/ (Senior Editor at Endpoint News)Elmer AND thing blows up and we get nothing on either side," Lawson said. Democrat Senators in Big Pharma’s pocket derails the Plan.Sirota 8-23 David Sirota 8-23-2021 "Dem Obstructionists Are Bankrolled By Pharma And Oil" https://www.dailyposter.com/dem-obstructionists-are-bankrolled-by-pharma-and-oil/ (an American journalist, columnist at The Guardian, and editor for Jacobin. He is also a political commentator and radio host based in Denver. He is a nationally syndicated newspaper columnist, political spokesperson, and blogger)Elmer AND $519,000 from donors in the pharmaceutical and health products industries. Infrastructure reform solves Existential Climate Change – it results in spill-over.USA Today 7-20 7-20-2021 "Climate change is at 'code red' status for the planet, and inaction is no longer an option" https://www.usatoday.com/story/opinion/todaysdebate/2021/07/20/climate-change-biden-infrastructure-bill-good-start/7877118002/ Elmer AND persuading others to follow our lead. Further delay is not an option. 3 –CP Text: Resolved: Member Nations of the World Trade Organization should increase Public/Private partnerships between IP owners of the Covid-19 vaccine and the government – we control solvency – they only make the problem worse – Brown 21:Brown, Delphine. "Powerhouse Points: Will Trips Waiver of Ip Protection for Covid-19 Vaccines Serve Global Need?" Powerhouse Points: Will TRIPS Waiver of IP Protection for COVID-19 Vaccines Serve Global Need?-News | Freeborn and Peters LLP, 2021, www.freeborn.com/perspectives/powerhouse-points-will-trips-waiver-ip-protection-covid-19-vaccines-serve-global-need. LHP PS AND and make a timely and effective difference in COVID-19 vaccine availability. | 9/11/21 |
SO21 - DA - InfrastructureTournament: Grapevine | Round: 2 | Opponent: Memorial SC | Judge: JP Stuckert SO21 – DA – Infrastructure (2:00)Biden’s infrastructure bill will pass through reconciliation but absolute Dem Unity is key.Turns Structural Violence AND not only boost economic growth but have the adverse effect of fueling inflation. Pharma backlashes to the Plan – they’re aggressive lobbyists and will do anything to preserve patent rights.Turns Case – Waters down the Plan due to lobbying AND controls on drug prices. The Senate has not voted on the bill. They choose Infrastructure as backlash – they bill costs Pharma millions – lobbyists can derail the Agenda.Brennan 8-2 Zachary Brennan 8-2-2021 "How the biopharma industry is helping to pay for the bipartisan infrastructure bill" https://endpts.com/how-the-biopharma-industry-is-helping-to-pay-for-the-bipartisan-infrastructure-bill/ (Senior Editor at Endpoint News)Elmer AND thing blows up and we get nothing on either side," Lawson said. Democrat Senators in Big Pharma’s pocket derails the Plan.Sirota 8-23 David Sirota 8-23-2021 "Dem Obstructionists Are Bankrolled By Pharma And Oil" https://www.dailyposter.com/dem-obstructionists-are-bankrolled-by-pharma-and-oil/ (an American journalist, columnist at The Guardian, and editor for Jacobin. He is also a political commentator and radio host based in Denver. He is a nationally syndicated newspaper columnist, political spokesperson, and blogger)Elmer AND $519,000 from donors in the pharmaceutical and health products industries. Infrastructure reform solves Existential Climate Change – it results in spill-over.USA Today 7-20 7-20-2021 "Climate change is at 'code red' status for the planet, and inaction is no longer an option" https://www.usatoday.com/story/opinion/todaysdebate/2021/07/20/climate-change-biden-infrastructure-bill-good-start/7877118002/ Elmer AND persuading others to follow our lead. Further delay is not an option. | 9/12/21 |
SO21 - DA - Infrastructure v2Tournament: Greenhill | Round: 4 | Opponent: Cabot JB | Judge: Dosch, David 2 – Infrastructure DAInfrastructure passes now due to Biden and Pelosi involvement – Biden PC and tight timetables makes the margin for error literally ZEROElliott 9-16 (Philip Elliott is a Washington Correspondent for TIME. Before joining TIME in early 2015, he spent almost a decade at The Associated Press, where he covered politics, campaign finance, education and the White House. He is a graduate of the E.W. Scripps School of Journalism at Ohio University, September 16, 2021, accessed on 9-17-2021, Time, "Democrats Face a Grueling Two Weeks as Infighting Erupts Over Infrastructure", https://time.com/6098810/house-democrats-reconciliation/)//babcii AND rivals the spending the United States unleashed to close out World War II. Attacks on Pharmaceutical Profits triggers Mod Dem Backlash – it disrupts unity.Cohen 9-6 Joshua Cohen 9-6-2021 "Democrats’ Plans To Introduce Prescription Drug Pricing Reform Face Formidable Obstacles" https://www.forbes.com/sites/joshuacohen/2021/09/06/democrats-plans-to-introduce-prescription-drug-pricing-reform-face-obstacles/?sh=37a269917395 (independent healthcare analyst with over 22 years of experience analyzing healthcare and pharmaceuticals.)Elmer AND drug pricing reform encounter challenges which may prevent impactful modifications from taking place. Sinema specifically jumps Ship.Hancock and Lucas 20 Jay Hancock and Elizabeth Lucas 5-29-2020 "A Senator From Arizona Emerges As A Pharma Favorite" https://khn.org/news/a-senator-from-arizona-emerges-as-a-pharma-favorite/ (Senior Correspondent, joined KHN in 2012 from The Baltimore Sun, where he wrote a column on business and finance. Previously he covered the State Department and the economics beat for The Sun and health care for The Virginian-Pilot of Norfolk and the Daily Press of Newport News. He has a bachelor’s degree from Colgate University and a master’s in journalism from Northwestern University.)Elmer AND lawmakers harshly critical of high drug prices and the companies that set them. Pharma backlash independently turns Case.Huetteman 19 Emmarie Huetteman 2-26-2019 "Senators Who Led Pharma-Friendly Patent Reform Also Prime Targets For Pharma Cash" https://khn.org/news/senators-who-led-pharma-friendly-patent-reform-also-prime-targets-for-pharma-cash/ (former NYT Congressional correspondent with an MA in public affairs reporting from Northwestern University’s Medill School)Elmer AND controls on drug prices. The Senate has not voted on the bill. Infrastructure reform solves Existential Climate Change – it results in spill-over.USA Today 7-20 7-20-2021 "Climate change is at 'code red' status for the planet, and inaction is no longer an option" https://www.usatoday.com/story/opinion/todaysdebate/2021/07/20/climate-change-biden-infrastructure-bill-good-start/7877118002/ Elmer AND persuading others to follow our lead. Further delay is not an option. | 1/17/22 |
SO21 - DA - Orphan DrugsTournament: Grapevine | Round: 2 | Opponent: Memorial SC | Judge: JP Stuckert 1 – Orphan DrugsOrphan drug legislation is specifically key to stimulate research into rare diseasesHorgan et. al 20 D, Moss B, Boccia S, Genuardi M, Gajewski M, Capurso G, Fenaux P, Gulbis B, Pellegrini M, Mañú Pereira M, M, Gutiérrez Valle V, Gutiérrez Ibarluzea I, Kent A, Cattaneo I, Jagielska B, Belina I, Tumiene B, Ward A, Papaluca M: Time for Change? The Why, What and How of Promoting Innovation to Tackle Rare Diseases – Is It Time to Update the EU’s Orphan Regulation? And if so, What Should be Changed? Biomed Hub 2020;5:1-11. doi: 10.1159/000509272 https://www.karger.com/Article/Fulltext/509272~~# sid AND was developed explicitly to support efforts in this field of innovation ~12~. Orphan diseases require time intensive care and affect millions.Lancet 19 ~Lancet, 2-1-2019, accessed on 9-6-2021, The Lancet Diabetes and Endocrinology, "Spotlight on rare diseases", https://www.thelancet.com/journals/landia/article/PIIS2213-8587(19)30006-3/fulltext~~//sid AND present in adulthood and children surviving rare diseases eventually transition to adult care. Rare diseases disproportionately affect people of colorRDDC, No Date (RDDC, No Date, accessed on 9-6-2021, Rare Disease Diversity Coalition, "Charting thePath Forwardfor Equity inRare Diseases", https://3hqwxl1mqiah5r73r2q7zll1-wpengine.netdna-ssl.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/RDDC'Path'Forward'Final.pdf)//sid AND 22 And implicit bias particularly harms people of color with rare diseases .23 | 9/12/21 |
SO21 - K - CapTournament: Greenhill | Round: 2 | Opponent: Immaculate Heart BC | Judge: Chris Castillo 1 – Cap K (2:39)The aff’s international approach to the patent system is the essence of the capitalist empire. It seeks to deprive local power while bolstering the influence of the global market over them, securing its position of dominance in the world. Knezevic 07,Intellectual Property or Intellectual Poverty? Between Colonialism and Empire in the Context of AIDS and Public Health Crises AND , for the former would in turn produce greater confluence in patent systems. Slight adjustments to the current IP system inevitably fail while allowing global regimes to expand their power. The aff specifically kills the opportunity to critique the current system allowed for by the pandemic. Krikorian and Torreele 6-23,Krikorian, Gaëlle, and Els Torreele. "We Cannot Win the Access to Medicines Struggle Using the Same Thinking That Causes the Chronic Access Crisis." Health and Human Rights 23.1 (2021): 119. AND up transparent and fair collaboration with the private sector for the public interest. Global capitalism and industrialization cause climate change and extinction. McDuff 19,McDuff, Phil. "Ending climate change requires the end of capitalism. Have we got the stomach for it." The Guardian 18 (2019). AND more than preserving our reputations? What will our response to them be? The alternative is earth democracy. It prioritizes local values and production over globalization, dismantling global capitalist power while maintaining the ability to produce at large scales and ensure wellbeing of citizens, but it is incompatible with the aff’s view on global trade and the WTO. Fukuda 10,Fukuda, Yasuo. "WTO regime as a new stage of imperialism: Decaying capitalism and its alternative." World Review of Political Economy 1.3 (2010): 485. AND democracy, local citizens can make strides toward more healthy and sustainable lives. The role of the ballot is to contest the ontological structure of capitalism. Global capitalism relies on a structurally divided form of society which allows it to commodify all logic which accepts the given structure. This is used to cover the unsustainability of its current form. However, the lines of such divisions can be contested from outside the commodification by pursuing valuation of ecology, reproduction, and polity above capital. FRASER~Fraser, Nancy. "Beyond Marx’s Hidden Abode: For an Expanded Conception of Capitalism." Critical Theory in Critical Times. Pg 142-159~ AND disputes, quell anticapital ist rebellions, and maintain the money supply. | 9/18/21 |
SO21 - K - Cap v2Tournament: New York City Invitational | Round: 1 | Opponent: Montville HB | Judge: Patel, Vandan 2 – Cap (2:40)The aff’s international approach to the patent system is the essence of the capitalist empire. It seeks to deprive local power while bolstering the influence of the global market over them, securing its position of dominance in the world. Knezevic 07,Intellectual Property or Intellectual Poverty? Between Colonialism and Empire in the Context of AIDS and Public Health Crises AND , for the former would in turn produce greater confluence in patent systems. Slight adjustments to the current IP system inevitably fail while allowing global regimes to expand their power. The aff specifically kills the opportunity to critique the current system allowed for by the pandemic. Krikorian and Torreele 6-23,Krikorian, Gaëlle, and Els Torreele. "We Cannot Win the Access to Medicines Struggle Using the Same Thinking That Causes the Chronic Access Crisis." Health and Human Rights 23.1 (2021): 119. AND up transparent and fair collaboration with the private sector for the public interest. Global capitalism and industrialization cause climate change and extinction. McDuff 19,McDuff, Phil. "Ending climate change requires the end of capitalism. Have we got the stomach for it." The Guardian 18 (2019). AND more than preserving our reputations? What will our response to them be? And warming causes extinctionXu 17Yangyang Xu 17, Assistant Professor of Atmospheric Sciences at Texas AandM University; and Veerabhadran Ramanathan, Distinguished Professor of Atmospheric and Climate Sciences at the Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego, 9/26/17, "Well below 2 °C: Mitigation strategies for avoiding dangerous to catastrophic climate changes," Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, Vol. 114, No. 39, p. 10315-10323 AND . Fig. 2 displays these three risk categorizations (vertical dashed lines). The alternative is earth democracy. It prioritizes local values and production over globalization, dismantling global capitalist power while maintaining the ability to produce at large scales and ensure wellbeing of citizens, but it is incompatible with the aff’s view on global trade and the WTO. Fukuda 10,Fukuda, Yasuo. "WTO regime as a new stage of imperialism: Decaying capitalism and its alternative." World Review of Political Economy 1.3 (2010): 485. AND democracy, local citizens can make strides toward more healthy and sustainable lives. The role of the ballot is to contest the ontological structure of capitalism. Global capitalism relies on a structurally divided form of society which allows it to commodify all logic which accepts the given structure. This is used to cover the unsustainability of its current form. However, the lines of such divisions can be contested from outside the commodification by pursuing valuation of ecology, reproduction, and polity above capital. FRASER~Fraser, Nancy. "Beyond Marx’s Hidden Abode: For an Expanded Conception of Capitalism." Critical Theory in Critical Times. Pg 142-159~ AND disputes, quell anticapital ist rebellions, and maintain the money supply. | 10/16/21 |
SO21 - T - Spec ReductionTournament: Greenhill | Round: 2 | Opponent: Immaculate Heart BC | Judge: Chris Castillo Interp the aff must specify what existing patent protections are reduced in the 1AC – to clarify, they must specify what thing the 1AC plan is going to harmonize to – what is the end result.Violation – They just claim they~1~ Shiftiness – Aff plan just "harmonizes" but doesn’t spec what they harmonize to—ie, what the end consistent regs will be. Any link I get, they’ll say they have a different set of regs.b) Kills any ability tomake solvency press—can’t make turns about drug development if I don’t know the results.c) cx checks doesn’t solve, because detailed pre-round research key to answering specific protection regimesOutweighs, a~ reversibility – I cant read new 2n arguments so I just autolose, b~ magnitude, they moot the 7 minute 1N which is the largest speech you can moot~2~ Policymaking – Policymakers have to have exactly specify what theyre going to do –can’t pass a law that says harmonize, you pass a law that has spec and then say everyone will follow it—like TRIPS.OWs because it’s portable. outweighs on a~ portability since there is legitimate out of round impacts to being able to defend a policy and b~ magnitude since there isn’t a real policy to debate in the first place so policy ed is 0. Also is a solvency deficit to the aff since if you don’t know what policy you are voting for you can’t vote for it.Vote on fairness since it’s a procedural constraint to engagement in the first place and skews evaluation and education since that’s why schools fund it.Competing interps a~ reasonability is arbitrary and encourages judge intervention, b~ reasonability collapses when debating over brightlines. Drop the debater A~ to deter future abuse and B~ dropping the advocacy is functionally the same.No RVIs A~ logic – im fair vote for me makes no sense,B~ rvis make affs abusive to bait theory and win on a long counterinterp,C~ chilling effect – people won’t read theory against good theory debaters which makes infinite uncheckable abuse that outweighs | 9/18/21 |
SO21 - T - TRIPs WaiverTournament: Grapevine | Round: 3 | Opponent: Coppell EH | Judge: Andrew Torrez 1 – T Trips WaiverInterpretation:Violation –The India/South Africa plan is extra-T – the TRIPs waiver includes things other than medicines, like manufacturing or protective equipment.https://www.crowell.com/NewsEvents/AlertsNewsletters/all/Three-Takeaways-From-the-May-21-Revised-TRIPS-Waiver-Proposal AND for COVID-19 vaccines only, not other health products or technologies. AND Merriam Webster — medicines arehttps://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/medicine Now negate –~1~ Semantics first –A~ stasis point – the topic is the only reasonable focal point for debate – anything else destroys the possibility of debate because we will be two ships passingB~ internal link turn – violating semantics justifies the aff talking about whatever with zero neg prep or prediction which is the most unfair and uneducationalC~ Jurisdiction – you can’t vote for them because the ballot and the tournament invitation say to vote for the better debater in the context of the resolution~2~ Limits – you explode them since you’re extra topical – you can remove IP protections for medicines and anything else, making it impossible for the negative to create strong enough links. Two impacts:A~ Cherry-picking – you can select a trivially true aff that makes it impossible to negateB~ prep skew – you can always leverage your extra T aff to back generic neg prep or weigh the extra T impacts, which makes the neg prep burdens impossible to meetC~ Predictability – can’t predict what permutation of IP protections in addition to medicines they’ll ban.~3~ Topic Ed – we won’t get any education if they choose to write an aff that skirts the topic and functions outside of it – there are plenty of topical affs to choose that enable us to solely focus on the topic.TVA – Read any aff that only reduces IP protections for medicines – like trips plus.Fairness is a votera~ they concede the authority of fairness by agreeing to tournament procedures and speech timesb~ fairness is a procedural constraint—if they had 10 minutes to say fairness bad and I only had 1 minute to defend it, they would win because it was structurally unfair to begin with.Drop the debater (a) deter future abuse – empirically confirmed with aprioris and (b) dropping the arg on T is incoherent because it is dropping the aff advocacy so its functionally the same.No RVI’s – (a)chilling effect – aff is dangerous on theory because they get to prep a long counterinterp in the 1ar and then get the 2ar to collapse, weigh, and contextualize - negs would always be disincentives from reading theory against good theory debaters which leads to infinite abuse so it outweighs time skew and(b) they’re illogical - "I’m fair vote for me" doesn’t make any sense - logic comes first on theory since all args need to make sense in order to be evaluable.Competing interpretations – a~ reasonability is arbitrary since it relies upon judge opinion which outweighs since it’s terminally unfair – it relies on something completely out of control and b~ reasonability collapses into competing interpretations since you need to justify why your brightline is better than competing ones.T over 1ar theory – | 9/11/21 |
SO21 - Theory - Alt BodyTournament: Greenhill | Round: 6 | Opponent: Harker AnSh | Judge: Andrew Gong 2 – Alt Body ShellInterpretation: The affirmative can’t spec a plan implemented through the rules and procedures of a non WTO intergovernmental association.Violation – They spec the EUStandards –1~ Limits – switching the institution under which the member nations are acting radically changes everything about neg prep – instead of just having to learn about dispute resolutions and treaty procedures relating ot the WTO, I now have to do it about every possible permutation of intergovenrmental associations in the world. All of these functions drastically differently in IP, obligations towards each other, etc. That makes it impossible to affirm.2~ Topic Ed – Policymakers don’t simultaneously think about policies for every permutation of NGOs at once. That’s why the rez specs the WTO – it guides what policies mean in the context of the affirmative. The EU has a parliament with elected officials directly by citizens of the state, while the WTO is a treaty institution. They are drastically different in every sense.Vote on fairness since it’s a procedural constraint to engagement in the first place and skews evaluation and education since that’s why schools fund it.Competing interpsa~ reasonability is arbitrary and encourages judge intervention,b~ reasonability collapses when debating over brightlines.Drop the debater A~ to deter future abuse and B~ dropping the advocacy is functionally the same.No RVIsA~ logic – im fair vote for me makes no sense, logic comes fisrt on all args since to be evaluable they have to be logicalB~ rvis incentivizes abusive affs to bait theory and go for an RVIC~ chilling effect – aff is dangerous on theory because they get to prep a long counterinterp in the 1ar and then get the 2ar to collapse, weigh, and contextualize - negs would always be disincentived from reading theory against good theory debaters which leads to infinite abuse so it outweighs time skew and | 9/20/21 |
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