Lake Highland Agrawal Neg
| Tournament | Round | Opponent | Judge | Cites | Round Report | Open Source | Edit/Delete |
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| Bronx | 2 | Hunter AL | Etienne, Fabrice |
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| Bronx | 3 | Harrison JP | Pungchai, Passa |
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| Bronx | 6 | Iowa City West HM | Thomas-McGinnis, Conal |
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| Bronx | Octas | Lexington AT | Panel |
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| Bronx | Quarters | NSU SF | Panel |
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| Contact | 1 | NA | NA |
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| Glenbrooks | 1 | Isidore newman GP | Larson, Sam |
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| Glenbrooks | 3 | Lexington VM | Robinson, Tajaih |
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| Glenbrooks | 5 | Harvard-Westlake AL | Quisenberry, Jack |
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| Glenbrooks | 7 | Immaculate Heart RR | Das, Sreyaash |
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| Glenbrooks | Doubles | Westwood PM | Panel |
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| Glenbrooks | Octas | Homestead SL | Panel |
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| Harvard | 2 | Lexington MS | Porter, Joshua |
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| Harvard | 4 | Oswego Senior LZ | Hughes, Quinn |
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| Harvard | 6 | Lexington EY | Zhong, Angela |
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| Harvard | 7 | Independent KK | Karavadi, Saianurag |
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| Harvard | Triples | Livingston RB | Panel |
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| Princeton | 3 | Durham ZG | Ambrose, Malachi |
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| Princeton | 6 | Bergen County Academies AK | Palmer, Jacob |
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| Princeton | 2 | BASIS Independent Silicon Valley SK | Gentleman, Jonah |
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| Tournament of Champions | 2 | Marlborough JH | He, Eric |
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| Tournament of Champions | 3 | Harker MK | Beckford, Saied |
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| Tournament of Champions | 5 | Immaculate Heart BC | McLoughlin, Samantha |
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| Yale | 2 | Claudia Taylor Johnson AP | Mohan, Eshwar |
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| Yale | 4 | Lexington AMa | Chang, Curtis |
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| Yale | 6 | Needham LF | Cui, Anthony |
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| Yale | Triples | West Des Moines Valley SJ | Panel |
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| Tournament | Round | Report |
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| Bronx | 2 | Opponent: Hunter AL | Judge: Etienne, Fabrice 1ac - covid waivers |
| Bronx | 3 | Opponent: Harrison JP | Judge: Pungchai, Passa 1ac - Women's health |
| Bronx | 6 | Opponent: Iowa City West HM | Judge: Thomas-McGinnis, Conal 1ac - libertarianims |
| Bronx | Octas | Opponent: Lexington AT | Judge: Panel 1ac - pragmatism trade secrets |
| Bronx | Quarters | Opponent: NSU SF | Judge: Panel 1ac - kant |
| Glenbrooks | 1 | Opponent: Isidore newman GP | Judge: Larson, Sam 1ac - Hauntology |
| Glenbrooks | 3 | Opponent: Lexington VM | Judge: Robinson, Tajaih 1ac - semiocap |
| Glenbrooks | 5 | Opponent: Harvard-Westlake AL | Judge: Quisenberry, Jack 1ac - US aff |
| Glenbrooks | 7 | Opponent: Immaculate Heart RR | Judge: Das, Sreyaash 1ac - brazil |
| Glenbrooks | Doubles | Opponent: Westwood PM | Judge: Panel 1ac - egypt |
| Glenbrooks | Octas | Opponent: Homestead SL | Judge: Panel 1ac - semiocap |
| Harvard | 2 | Opponent: Lexington MS | Judge: Porter, Joshua 1ac - non-T disability aff |
| Harvard | 4 | Opponent: Oswego Senior LZ | Judge: Hughes, Quinn 1ac - cap |
| Harvard | 6 | Opponent: Lexington EY | Judge: Zhong, Angela 1ac - Moon Treaty |
| Harvard | 7 | Opponent: Independent KK | Judge: Karavadi, Saianurag 1ac - moon treaty |
| Harvard | Triples | Opponent: Livingston RB | Judge: Panel 1ac - lunar mining |
| Princeton | 3 | Opponent: Durham ZG | Judge: Ambrose, Malachi 1ac - rawls |
| Princeton | 6 | Opponent: Bergen County Academies AK | Judge: Palmer, Jacob 1ac - US ag workers |
| Princeton | 2 | Opponent: BASIS Independent Silicon Valley SK | Judge: Gentleman, Jonah 1ac - prag |
| Tournament of Champions | 2 | Opponent: Marlborough JH | Judge: He, Eric 1ac - space commons |
| Tournament of Champions | 3 | Opponent: Harker MK | Judge: Beckford, Saied 1ac - planetoid bombs |
| Tournament of Champions | 5 | Opponent: Immaculate Heart BC | Judge: McLoughlin, Samantha 1ac - china |
| Yale | 2 | Opponent: Claudia Taylor Johnson AP | Judge: Mohan, Eshwar 1ac - glissant spikes |
| Yale | 4 | Opponent: Lexington AMa | Judge: Chang, Curtis 1ac - deleuze |
| Yale | 6 | Opponent: Needham LF | Judge: Cui, Anthony 1ac - cap abolish wto |
| Yale | Triples | Opponent: West Des Moines Valley SJ | Judge: Panel 1ac - constitutive standards |
To modify or delete round reports, edit the associated round.
Cites
| Entry | Date |
|---|---|
0 - Contact InfoTournament: Contact | Round: 1 | Opponent: NA | Judge: NA | 2/19/22 |
1 - K - DeanTournament: Harvard | Round: 2 | Opponent: Lexington MS | Judge: Porter, Joshua Harvard r21Forms of fragmented politics completely cedes the political to capitalism. Engagement in undercommon communication is too individualized and resists collective and concrete change. This constitutes enjoyment of melancholic pleasures of being distanced and accommodated to the real world, and as a result remains stuck in parasitic oppression without change – Dean 13:"Communist Desire", Jodi Dean, , 2013, LHP AM The alternative is the politics of the comrade – one that is oriented toward a shared communist horizon – only our methodology can fight capitalism, anything else allows it to take over co-opting any movement – Dean 19:Dean, Jodi. Comrade: An essay on political belonging. Verso, 2019. LHP BT + LHP PS The role of the ballot is fidelity to the truth – dedication to a shared horizon is liberatory, Dean 19:Dean, Jodi. Comrade: An essay on political belonging. Verso, 2019. LHP BT + LHP PS CaseOntology1~ Capitalist structures control root cause of ableism and violence that stems from it – voting negative is a necessary pre-requisite – Russell 02:vRussell, M. (2002). What Disability Civil Rights Cannot Do: Employment and political economy. Disability and Society, 17(2), 117–135.doi:10.1080/09687590120122288 2~ Disability isn't ontological, its only a product of capital which is so entrenched it seems ontological – Gleeson 97:GLEESON, B. J. (1997). Disability Studies: A historical materialist view. Disability and Society, 12(2), 179–202.doi:10.1080/09687599727326 | 2/19/22 |
1 - K - MoenTournament: Harvard | Round: 7 | Opponent: Independent KK | Judge: Karavadi, Saianurag Their scholarship is hateful and a reason to lose the round—their author endorsed pedophilia and actively advocated for pedophilic content.Moen 15 ~Moen, O. M. (Professor of Ethics at Oslo Metropolitan University). "The ethics of pedophilia". Etikk I Praksis - Nordic Journal of Applied Ethics, 9(1), 111-124. 2015-05-09. Accessed 2/2/2022. https://www.ntnu.no/ojs/index.php/etikk_i_praksis/article/view/1718 CHO~ Drop the debater—academic spaces have way too many sympathizers who ignore violence against children, and every act must be challenged in the most unflinching terms because anything else reinforces the epistemic bias in favor of rationalizing disgusting behavior.Grant 18 ~Alec Grant (Independent Scholar, retired from the Uiversity of Brighton where he was a Reader in Narrative Mental Health). "Sanitizing Academics and Damaged Lives" Mad In The UK, 12 April 2018. https://www.madintheuk.com/2018/12/sanitizing-academics-and-damaged-lives/ WWDH~
| 2/20/22 |
JF22 - K - Set ColTournament: Harvard | Round: 4 | Opponent: Oswego Senior LZ | Judge: Hughes, Quinn Harvard r41Don't be fooled by the aff's claims to anti-capitalism—all they do is trade globalist capitalist exploitation for mercantilist capitalist exploitation. Private entities don't need to appropriate themselves if they can rely on the colonial state to do it for them; the aff only dooms us to replicate the logic of the railroad, where the colonial state did the appropriating of indigenous lands to hand them over for financialization as a way to reinforce whiteness. GalThe Interstellar Railroad, or Speculation and Shareholder Whiteness in the Space Economy Réka PatrÃcia Gál April 14, 2021 The aff's call for class politics is premised upon Indigenous erasure. Their protection of the laborer structurally excludes Natives and furthers the colonial marketplace. Workers are still settlers – concepts of "workers' movements" are only coherent by making Native genocide the norm.Baker '17 ~W. Oliver Baker; Assistant Professor of English and African American Studies @ PennState; "Democracy, Class, and White Settler Colonialism"; Public, Volume 28, Number 55, June 2017, pp. 144-153(10); https://doi.org/10.1386/public.28.55.144_1; Accessed 10-16-2021~ AK Settlerism is an everyday process shaped by affective investments in institutions that claim jurisdiction over native land. Legal and political action is inextricably dependent on the elimination of the native.Mark Rifkin, PhD, Director of the Women's and Gender Studies Program and Professor of English at the University of North Carolina, Greensboro. "Settler common sense." Settler Colonial Studies, 2013 Vol. 3, Nos. 3–4, 322–340, http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/2201473X.2013.810702. JJN The alternative is to make space for indigenous futurist reimagining of the relationship between the NDN and the state. It's a prerequisite to any reconceptualization of land ownership and requires the capability to appropriate space making it mutually exclusive to the aff. The aff reinforces the settler view of relation to land with their flattened understanding of appropriation. Cornum 15.https://thenewinquiry.com/the-space-ndns-star-map/ The role of the ballot is to vote for the debater with who best resists imperialism.Colonialism functions in education through rhetorical imperialism, decolonial framing and discourse is key.Grande, Sandy 2015: Red Pedagogy: Native American Social and Political Thought, Tenth Anniversary Edition . United States of America. Rowman and Littlefield Publisher Inc. (pp 55-56). Sandy Grande is associate professor and Chair of the Education Department at Connecticut College. Her research interfaces critical Indigenous theories with the concerns of education. In addition to Red Pedagogy: Native American Social and Political Thought. (HTE) | 2/19/22 |
JF22 - K - Set Col v2Tournament: Harvard | Round: 7 | Opponent: Independent KK | Judge: Karavadi, Saianurag Don't be fooled by the aff's claims to anti-capitalism—all they do is trade globalist capitalist exploitation for mercantilist capitalist exploitation. Private entities don't need to appropriate themselves if they can rely on the colonial state to do it for them; the aff only dooms us to replicate the logic of the railroad, where the colonial state did the appropriating of indigenous lands to hand them over for financialization as a way to reinforce whiteness.The Interstellar Railroad, or Speculation and Shareholder Whiteness in the Space Economy Réka PatrÃcia Gál April 14, 2021 Settlerism is an everyday process shaped by affective investments in institutions that claim jurisdiction over native land. Legal and political action is inextricably dependent on the elimination of the native.Mark Rifkin, PhD, Director of the Women's and Gender Studies Program and Professor of English at the University of North Carolina, Greensboro. "Settler common sense." Settler Colonial Studies, 2013 Vol. 3, Nos. 3–4, 322–340, http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/2201473X.2013.810702. JJN The alternative is to make space for indigenous futurist reimagining of the relationship between the NDN and the state. It's a prerequisite to any reconceptualization of land ownership and requires the capability to appropriate space making it mutually exclusive to the aff. The aff reinforces the settler view of relation to land with their flattened understanding of appropriation. Cornum 15.https://thenewinquiry.com/the-space-ndns-star-map/ The role of the ballot is to vote for the debater with who best resists imperialism. Colonialism functions in education through rhetorical imperialism, decolonial framing and discourse is key.Grande, Sandy 2015: Red Pedagogy: Native American Social and Political Thought, Tenth Anniversary Edition . United States of America. Rowman and Littlefield Publisher Inc. (pp 55-56). Sandy Grande is associate professor and Chair of the Education Department at Connecticut College. Her research interfaces critical Indigenous theories with the concerns of education. In addition to Red Pedagogy: Native American Social and Political Thought. (HTE) | 2/20/22 |
JF22 - K - Set Col v3Tournament: Harvard | Round: Triples | Opponent: Livingston RB | Judge: Panel Don't be fooled by the aff's claims to anti-capitalism—all they do is trade globalist capitalist exploitation for mercantilist capitalist exploitation. Private entities don't need to appropriate themselves if they can rely on the colonial state to do it for them; the aff only dooms us to replicate the logic of the railroad, where the colonial state did the appropriating of indigenous lands to hand them over for financialization as a way to reinforce whiteness. Gal 21The Interstellar Railroad, or Speculation and Shareholder Whiteness in the Space Economy Réka PatrÃcia Gál April 14, 2021. https://www.heliotropejournal.net/helio/the-interstellar-railroad Settlerism is an everyday process shaped by affective investments in institutions that claim jurisdiction over native land. Legal and political action is inextricably dependent on the elimination of the native.Mark Rifkin, PhD, Director of the Women's and Gender Studies Program and Professor of English at the University of North Carolina, Greensboro. "Settler common sense." Settler Colonial Studies, 2013 Vol. 3, Nos. 3–4, 322–340, http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/2201473X.2013.810702. JJN The alternative is to make space for indigenous futurist reimagining of the relationship between the NDN and the state. It's a prerequisite to any reconceptualization of land ownership and requires the capability to appropriate space making it mutually exclusive to the aff. The aff reinforces the settler view of relation to land with their flattened understanding of appropriation. Cornum 15.https://thenewinquiry.com/the-space-ndns-star-map/ The role of the ballot is to vote for the debater with who best resists imperialism. Colonialism functions in education through rhetorical imperialism, decolonial framing and discourse is key.Grande, Sandy 2015: Red Pedagogy: Native American Social and Political Thought, Tenth Anniversary Edition . United States of America. Rowman and Littlefield Publisher Inc. (pp 55-56). Sandy Grande is associate professor and Chair of the Education Department at Connecticut College. Her research interfaces critical Indigenous theories with the concerns of education. In addition to Red Pedagogy: Native American Social and Political Thought. (HTE) | 2/21/22 |
JF22 - K - Set Col v4Tournament: Tournament of Champions | Round: 2 | Opponent: Marlborough JH | Judge: He, Eric The 1AC's model of debate and discourse is structured on the erasure of indigenous bodies and epistemologies. Settler colonialism is a structure not an event that infiltrates the status quo on every level. Every move we, as settlers, take on indigenous land for "well-being" is really just to hide the project of ongoing colonialism in attempt to forget the past, justifying settler moves to innocence that require slightly "recognizing" indigenous communities to mask our guilt. Thus, the role of the ballot is to vote for the best methodology that actively resists the project of settler colonialism. Only through the resistance of settler colonialism can we achieve the goodness they will talk about – its form over content – Shaw 20:Shaw, Devin Z., ~Devin Zane Shaw teaches philosophy at Douglas College, British Columbia. He is author of several books, including Philosophy of Antifascism: Punching Nazis and Fighting White Supremacy (Rowman and Littlefield International, 2020).~ "The Politics of the Blockade" (February, 2020). LHP PS Don't be fooled by the aff's claims to anti-capitalism—all they do is trade globalist capitalist exploitation for mercantilist capitalist exploitation. Private entities don't need to appropriate themselves if they can rely on the colonial state to do it for them; the aff only dooms us to replicate the logic of the railroad, where the colonial state did the appropriating of indigenous lands to hand them over for financialization as a way to reinforce whiteness. Gal 21The Interstellar Railroad, or Speculation and Shareholder Whiteness in the Space Economy Réka PatrÃcia Gál April 14, 2021 The alternative is to make space for indigenous futurist reimagining of the relationship between the NDN and the state. It's a prerequisite to any reconceptualization of land ownership and requires the capability to appropriate space making it mutually exclusive to the aff. The aff reinforces the settler view of relation to land with their flattened understanding of appropriation. Cornum 15.https://thenewinquiry.com/the-space-ndns-star-map/ | 4/23/22 |
JF22 - K - ZizekTournament: Tournament of Champions | Round: 3 | Opponent: Harker MK | Judge: Beckford, Saied The aff is an act of ideological fantasy creation – ideology is created by the initial illusion of our mental beliefs and concepts representing something real followed by the secondary illusion of forgetting the first was an illusion at all, allowing for ideology to inform reality and not the reverse – Zizek 09:Zizek, Slavoj. ~Slavoj Zizek is a Slovenian philosopher and cultural critic. He is a professor at the European Graduate School, International Director of the Birkbeck Institute for the Humanities, Birkbeck College, University of London, and a senior researcher at the Institute of Sociology, University of Ljubljana, Slovenia. His books include Living in the End Times, First as Tragedy, Then as Farce, In Defense of Lost Causes, four volumes of the Essential Zizek, and many more. Slavoj Žižek, the maverick philosopher, author of over 30 books, acclaimed as the "Elvis of cultural theory", and today's most controversial public intellectual. His work traverses the fields of philosophy, psychoanalysis, theology, history and political theory, taking in film, popular culture, literature and jokes—all to provide acute analyses of the complexities of contemporary ideology as well as a serious and sophisticated philosophy. His recent films The Pervert's Guide to the Cinema and Žižek! reveal a theorist at the peak of his powers and a skilled communicator. Now Verso is making his classic titles, each of which stand as a core of his ever-expanding life's work, available as new editions. Each is beautifully re-packaged, including new introductions from Žižek himself. Simply put, they are the essential texts for understanding Žižek's thought and thus cornerstones of contemporary philosophy.~ The Sublime Object of Ideology. Verso Books, 2009. LHP BT Recut LHP PS Their fantasy is shown through the fetishization fear of existential crises. The affirmatives narratives of existential crisis act as an external arbiter justifying our actions by confirming for us we should fear and prevent extinction. They fail to recon with our internal view of extinction as a real and meaningful possibility, inevitably creating a politics only capable of passive criticism devoid of action – Zizek 09:Zizek, Slavoj. ~Slavoj Zizek is a Slovenian philosopher and cultural critic. He is a professor at the European Graduate School, International Director of the Birkbeck Institute for the Humanities, Birkbeck College, University of London, and a senior researcher at the Institute of Sociology, University of Ljubljana, Slovenia. His books include Living in the End Times, First as Tragedy, Then as Farce, In Defense of Lost Causes, four volumes of the Essential Zizek, and many more. Slavoj Žižek, the maverick philosopher, author of over 30 books, acclaimed as the "Elvis of cultural theory", and today's most controversial public intellectual. His work traverses the fields of philosophy, psychoanalysis, theology, history and political theory, taking in film, popular culture, literature and jokes—all to provide acute analyses of the complexities of contemporary ideology as well as a serious and sophisticated philosophy. His recent films The Pervert's Guide to the Cinema and Žižek! reveal a theorist at the peak of his powers and a skilled communicator. Now Verso is making his classic titles, each of which stand as a core of his ever-expanding life's work, available as new editions. Each is beautifully re-packaged, including new introductions from Žižek himself. Simply put, they are the essential texts for understanding Žižek's thought and thus cornerstones of contemporary philosophy.~ In defense of lost causes. Verso Books, 2009. LHP BT Recut LHP PS The alternative is to reject the 'big other' and embrace the act. People run from responsibility by casting their decisions onto external metrics they claim to have no control over or relation to, but this historically back-fires and makes achieving any change impossible. We must accept ourselves as decision-makers who make the final call on what is important to us when we act – Zizek 12:Zizek, Slavoj. ~Slavoj Zizek is a Slovenian philosopher and cultural critic. He is a professor at the European Graduate School, International Director of the Birkbeck Institute for the Humanities, Birkbeck College, University of London, and a senior researcher at the Institute of Sociology, University of Ljubljana, Slovenia. His books include Living in the End Times, First as Tragedy, Then as Farce, In Defense of Lost Causes, four volumes of the Essential Zizek, and many more. Slavoj Žižek, the maverick philosopher, author of over 30 books, acclaimed as the "Elvis of cultural theory", and today's most controversial public intellectual. His work traverses the fields of philosophy, psychoanalysis, theology, history and political theory, taking in film, popular culture, literature and jokes—all to provide acute analyses of the complexities of contemporary ideology as well as a serious and sophisticated philosophy. His recent films The Pervert's Guide to the Cinema and Žižek! reveal a theorist at the peak of his powers and a skilled communicator. Now Verso is making his classic titles, each of which stand as a core of his ever-expanding life's work, available as new editions. Each is beautifully re-packaged, including new introductions from Žižek himself. Simply put, they are the essential texts for understanding Žižek's thought and thus cornerstones of contemporary philosophy.~ Less than nothing: Hegel and the shadow of dialectical materialism. Verso Books, 2012. The role of the judge is to be an analyst—vote neg to prefer not to adjudicate the aff in terms of their obsession with the last judgment, and their reintrenchment of ideology. The analysis is enough—-the fantasy will reveal itself as long as we continue asking questions to expose their concealment of the lack—-in other words, it's your job to confuse and frustrate them via a refusal to partake in their politics – Dean 06:Dean 6 Jodi, Prof of Political Science at Hobart and William Smith Colleges, 2006, Zizek's Politics. Xviii-xx Recut LHP PS | 4/23/22 |
JF22 - K - Zizek v2Tournament: Tournament of Champions | Round: 5 | Opponent: Immaculate Heart BC | Judge: McLoughlin, Samantha The aff is an act of ideological fantasy creation – ideology is created by the initial illusion of our mental beliefs and concepts representing something real followed by the secondary illusion of forgetting the first was an illusion at all, allowing for ideology to inform reality and not the reverse – Zizek 09:Zizek, Slavoj. ~Slavoj Zizek is a Slovenian philosopher and cultural critic. He is a professor at the European Graduate School, International Director of the Birkbeck Institute for the Humanities, Birkbeck College, University of London, and a senior researcher at the Institute of Sociology, University of Ljubljana, Slovenia. His books include Living in the End Times, First as Tragedy, Then as Farce, In Defense of Lost Causes, four volumes of the Essential Zizek, and many more. Slavoj Žižek, the maverick philosopher, author of over 30 books, acclaimed as the "Elvis of cultural theory", and today's most controversial public intellectual. His work traverses the fields of philosophy, psychoanalysis, theology, history and political theory, taking in film, popular culture, literature and jokes—all to provide acute analyses of the complexities of contemporary ideology as well as a serious and sophisticated philosophy. His recent films The Pervert's Guide to the Cinema and Žižek! reveal a theorist at the peak of his powers and a skilled communicator. Now Verso is making his classic titles, each of which stand as a core of his ever-expanding life's work, available as new editions. Each is beautifully re-packaged, including new introductions from Žižek himself. Simply put, they are the essential texts for understanding Žižek's thought and thus cornerstones of contemporary philosophy.~ The Sublime Object of Ideology. Verso Books, 2009. LHP BT Recut LHP PS The first fantasy is the naïve belief in limiting private property being equivalent to counteracting private ideology. The true ideology underlying the public/private distinction is not simply about the state but rather about the nature of the position from which you reason. Presuming the state escapes the private and using it to limit that private fails and replicates the exclusion society is predicated on. ZIZEK.Zizek, Slavoj. ~Slavoj Zizek is a Slovenian philosopher and cultural critic. He is a professor at the European Graduate School, International Director of the Birkbeck Institute for the Humanities, Birkbeck College, University of London, and a senior researcher at the Institute of Sociology, University of Ljubljana, Slovenia. His books include Living in the End Times, First as Tragedy, Then as Farce, In Defense of Lost Causes, four volumes of the Essential Zizek, and many more. Slavoj Žižek, the maverick philosopher, author of over 30 books, acclaimed as the "Elvis of cultural theory", and today's most controversial public intellectual. His work traverses the fields of philosophy, psychoanalysis, theology, history and political theory, taking in film, popular culture, literature and jokes—all to provide acute analyses of the complexities of contemporary ideology as well as a serious and sophisticated philosophy. His recent films The Pervert's Guide to the Cinema and Žižek! reveal a theorist at the peak of his powers and a skilled communicator. Now Verso is making his classic titles, each of which stand as a core of his ever-expanding life's work, available as new editions. Each is beautifully re-packaged, including new introductions from Žižek himself. Simply put, they are the essential texts for understanding Žižek's thought and thus cornerstones of contemporary philosophy.~ In defense of lost causes. Verso Books, 2009. The second fantasy is their manic disavowal of the reality of nukes that nullifies reality through a creation of a constant state of crisis. Their political psychosis creates the catastrophe that it fears.Nixon 17 (Mignon Nixon is a Professor of Modern and Contemporary Art History at University College London, "Crazy", MIT Press, 3/6/17) AqN The alternative is to reject the 'big other' and embrace the act. People run from responsibility by casting their decisions onto external metrics they claim to have no control over or relation to, but this historically back-fires and makes achieving any change impossible. We must accept ourselves as decision-makers who make the final call on what is important to us when we act – Zizek 12:Zizek, Slavoj. ~Slavoj Zizek is a Slovenian philosopher and cultural critic. He is a professor at the European Graduate School, International Director of the Birkbeck Institute for the Humanities, Birkbeck College, University of London, and a senior researcher at the Institute of Sociology, University of Ljubljana, Slovenia. His books include Living in the End Times, First as Tragedy, Then as Farce, In Defense of Lost Causes, four volumes of the Essential Zizek, and many more. Slavoj Žižek, the maverick philosopher, author of over 30 books, acclaimed as the "Elvis of cultural theory", and today's most controversial public intellectual. His work traverses the fields of philosophy, psychoanalysis, theology, history and political theory, taking in film, popular culture, literature and jokes—all to provide acute analyses of the complexities of contemporary ideology as well as a serious and sophisticated philosophy. His recent films The Pervert's Guide to the Cinema and Žižek! reveal a theorist at the peak of his powers and a skilled communicator. Now Verso is making his classic titles, each of which stand as a core of his ever-expanding life's work, available as new editions. Each is beautifully re-packaged, including new introductions from Žižek himself. Simply put, they are the essential texts for understanding Žižek's thought and thus cornerstones of contemporary philosophy.~ Less than nothing: Hegel and the shadow of dialectical materialism. Verso Books, 2012. The role of the judge is to be an analyst—vote neg to prefer not to adjudicate the aff in terms of their obsession with the last judgment, and their reintrenchment of ideology. The analysis is enough—-the fantasy will reveal itself as long as we continue asking questions to expose their concealment of the lack—-in other words, it's your job to confuse and frustrate them via a refusal to partake in their politics – Dean 06:Dean 6 Jodi, Prof of Political Science at Hobart and William Smith Colleges, 2006, Zizek's Politics. Xviii-xx Recut LHP PS | 4/24/22 |
JF22 - NC - KantTournament: Harvard | Round: 6 | Opponent: Lexington EY | Judge: Zhong, Angela Permissibility negates – unjust is defined as morally prohibited or bad which means permissibility is definitionally negative ground as proving the affirmative would require proving a prohibition which permissibility deniesThe meta-ethic is practical reason.A~ Bindingness – Any obligation must not only tell us what is good, but why we ought to be good or else agents can reject the value of goodness itself. That means ethics must start with what is constitutive of agents since it traces obligations to features that are intrinsic to being an agent – as an agent you must follow certain rules. Only practical agency is constitutive since agents can use rationality to decide against other values but the act of deciding to reject practical agency engages in it.B~ Action theory – every moral analysis requires an action to evaluate, but actions are infinitely divisible into smaller meaningless movements. The act of stealing can be reduced to going to a house, entering, grabbing things, and leaving, all of which are distinct actions without moral value. Only the practical decision to steal ties these actions together to give them any moral value.That justifies universalizability.A~ The principle of equality is true since anything else assigns moral value to contingent factors like identity and justifies racism, and the principle of non-contradiction is true since 2+2 can't equal 4 for me and not for you meaning ethical statements true for one must be true for all.B~ Ethics must be defined a priori because of the is ought gap – experience only tells us what is since that's what we perceive, not what ought to be. But it's impossible to derive an ought from descriptive premises, so there needs to be additional a priori premises to make a moral theory. Applying reason to a priori truth results in universal obligations.Prefer universalizability additionally,An intrinsic feature to any action is the acceptance of the goodness of universal freedom, Gewirth 84 bracketed for grammar and gendered language~Alan Gewirth, () "The Ontological Basis of Natural Law: A Critique and an Alternative" American Journal Of Jurisprudence: Vol. 29: Iss. 1 Article 5, 1984, https://scholarship.law.nd.edu/ajj/vol29/iss1/5/, DOA:9-10-2018 WWBW Recut LHP AV~ That justifies a minimalist libertarian state – Otteson 09James R. Otteson, 2009, "Kantian Individualism and Political Libertarianism," The Independent Review, v. 13, n. 3., Winter 2009, available at https://www.independent.org/pdf/tir/tir_13_03_4_otteson.pdf LHP PS Vote neg –1~ Injustice requires someone wronged, but initial acquisition doesn't violate any entity's rights– therefore, private appropriation of outer space cannot be unjust, Feser 05:Edward Feser, ~Associate Professor of Philosophy at Pasadena City College~ "THERE IS NO SUCH THING AS AN UNJUST INITIAL ACQUISITION," 2005 LHP AV 2~ The aff violates the rights of private entities – a~ no one owns space and can exclude them on legitimate grounds, and they want to go to space so stopping them is a contradiction in will b~ private entities expend and have expended resources to claim things in space like making rockets or rocket fuel, preventing that is a violation of property rights since you are not allowing them to use what they own as they want | 2/20/22 |
JF22 - T - Cant FiatTournament: Harvard | Round: 6 | Opponent: Lexington EY | Judge: Zhong, Angela Interpretation: The affirmative must not defend a non-status quo policy option. To clarify, the affirmative may not fiat.Violation: They do, they fiat states ratifying the moon treaty that haven't.Vote neg:1~ Precision – the resolution doesn't entail an actor nor does it an action – they are definitionally not topical or even a subset of the resolution –Definition of 'is' – Webster NDMerriam Webster, https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/is is Definition of is (Entry 1 of 4) present tense third-person singular of BE dialectal present tense first-person and third-person singular of BE dialectal present tense plural of BEOutweighs – Dialectical present tense means logical coherence which implies no implementationYour Dictionary ND, "Dialectical Meaning," No Publication, https://www.yourdictionary.com/dialectical Cho Precision outweighs –A~ stasis point – the topic is the only reasonable focal point for debate – anything else destroys the possibility of debate because we will be two ships passing –B~ internal link turn – violating semantics justifies the aff talking about whatever with zero neg prep or prediction which is the most unfair and educational –C~ Jurisdiction – you can't vote for them because the ballot and the tournament invitation say to vote for the better debater in the context of the resolution –D~ objectivity – only semantics are objective whereas pragmatics are subjective which means intervention2~ Limits – they explode them – they are super Extra T and justify an infinite possible number of affirmatives and different actors – none of which are part of the resolution which means there is no prediction ground. Multiple Impacts – A~ Stable Ground – they deck neg preparation ability and impose an infinitely reciprocal research burden on the negative to have to guess the infinite policy options and possible permutations and to cut specific disads to those - B~ Predictability – no actor or action means its impossible to have a way to predict affs on this topic which decks quality engagement and education – C~ Infinite Abuse – being non-topical justifies picking a trivially true aff which means they always win3~ TVA – don't defend an action and use ideal theory to explain why appropriation is bad - That's better – it promotes in-depth philosophical clash over law that's constitutive to LDVote on fairness because A~ debate is a game that needs rules and B~ the round is already skewed so it's the only thing you can accurately evaluate. Competing interps because reasonability is arbitrary and encourages judge intervention. Drop the debater A~ to deter future abuse B~ dropping the aff advocacy is functionally the same C~ abuse precludes evaluation of substance. No RVIs, A~ Logic – I'm fair vote for me makes no sense, outweighs since logic frames all args, B~ it incentivizes abuse to bait theory, C~ norms setting – if I realize in the 1ar the interp is bad RVIs force me to defend bad norms which outweighs because theory's purpose is to create good debate norms | 2/20/22 |
JF22 - T - Spec ActorTournament: Tournament of Champions | Round: 3 | Opponent: Harker MK | Judge: Beckford, Saied Interpretation: If the affirmative garners offense off of the consequences of a fiated plan then, the affirmative must defend a governmental actor that bans private appropriation. To clarify, they can't just defend private entities stop appropriating.Violation: they don'tVote neg:Utopian Fiat – the aff inherency means private entities want to obviously appropriate, but they don't explain at all why they would stop – they don't get magical access to that – impacts – A~ kills real world and policymaking education – B~ topic literature – no one argues against it because it is utopian which kills negative ground and engagement C~ Ground – circumvention, politics, process CPs, - we loose all possible DA's of how the plan is actually implemented or works, which means the negative can never generate offense to the plan if it o/w its core generics agaisnt a super tiny plan aff which they read.2) Fragmentation – forms of fragmented politics by lacking a movement completely cedes the political to capitalism. Engagement in individualized communication resists collective and concrete change, constituting enjoyment of melancholic pleasures of being distanced and accommodated to the real world, stopping any possibility of solving oppression – Dean 13:"Communist Desire", Jodi Dean, , 2013, LHP AM TVA: Pick a goddamned actor instead of swimming around in the utopian fantasy of making everyone on the planet follow your will without having to think about how that actually is implemented. There is nothing worse than impossible demands in terms of actually roleplaying policy makers.Impossible demands maintain the status quo—we can passionately play the role of radicals without risking actual change. Vote neg:Fairness is a voter – it's intrinsic to any competitive activityEducation's a voter – it's why schools fund debateCompeting interpretations—it tells the negative what they do and do not have to prepare for. Reasonability is arbitrary and unpredictable, inviting a race to the bottom and we'll win it links to our offenset this is not frivolous theory, and something where optimal norms matter.Drop the debater to deter future abuse and because the 2N doesn't get new disads to whole rez so it's permanently skewed.No RVIs – a~ illogical – you can't say I'm fair vote for me, which is a metaconstraint on all argumentation B~ baiting – people will be abusive to bait out theory and then win on the rvi, which invites infinite abuse that outweighs on magnitude | 4/23/22 |
JF22 - T - global commonsTournament: Tournament of Champions | Round: 2 | Opponent: Marlborough JH | Judge: He, Eric Interpretation: The affirmative must not defend the creation of a binding international agreement that treats space as a global commons subject to regulatory delimiting and global liability."is" is – Merriam Webster ND:Webster ND Definition of IS," Merriam Webster, https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/is IS Dialectical present tense means logical coherence which implies no implementationYour Dictionary ND, , "Dialectical Meaning," No Publication, https://www.yourdictionary.com/dialectical Cho "BE" is a linking verb, not an action verb so implementation is incoherentGrammar Monster ND "Linking Verbs," Grammar Monster, https://www.grammar-monster.com/glossary/linking_verbs.htm CHO Violation: They do1~ Limits – they explode them – they are super Extra T and justify an infinite possible number of affirmatives and different actors – none of which are part of the resolution which means there is no prediction ground. Multiple Impacts – A~ Stable Ground – they deck neg preparation ability and impose an infinitely reciprocal research burden on the negative to have to guess the infinite policy options and possible permutations and to cut specific disads to those - B~ Predictability – no actor or action means its impossible to have a way to predict affs on this topic which decks quality engagement and education – C~ Infinite Abuse – being non-topical justifies picking a trivially true aff which means they always win2~ Ground – their hyperspecific actor resolves all the reasons private space is bad decking neg ground – I can't read stuff about disorganization, exploitation by companies, inequality created by access to space, and tons more3~ TVA – implement OSTVote of fairness a~ debate is a game that needs rules b~ skews substanceCompeting interps over reasonability a~ intervention b~ collapsesDrop the debater – a~ its T b~ deter future abuseNo RVIs a~ logic b~ baiting | 4/23/22 |
JF22 - Theory - If spec have policy actionTournament: Harvard | Round: Triples | Opponent: Livingston RB | Judge: Panel Interpretation: If the affirmative defends anything other than, "The appropriation of outer space by private entities is unjust" by specifying and defending a specific subset of either appropriation, outer space, and private entities, or by specifying anything even further about their advocacy, then the affirmative must defend a specific implemented policy action that implements the AC plan through some legal mechanism or actor. To clarify, if the affirmative specifies lunar mining they must defend a policy action implemented by a governmental agency to ban lunar mining private appropriation.Violation: They spec lunar mining but don't have an actor.Vote negative:There is a clear abuse story – the aff specifies a type of appropriation putting them ahead in the debate through massive prep outs already. They then fail to specify how the aff happens making the possibility for trivially true affirmatives, usually my recourse is enforcement and implementation mechanisms but they get around that completely allowing for infinite trivially true unanswerable affs. This isn't some random unspecific or bad theory shell either – here is some ways it applies specifically to this aff – A~ the aff's evidence uses a ton of different solvency mechanisms to prove its arguments throughout it – forcing them to one makes it much more answerable – B~ their impact story of competition is uniquely bad for this – imagine how differently you answer unilateral or multilateral agreements when debating competition, those are 2 different affs – C~ there is no normal means per the aff which creates a massive shiftiness disad making the 1N impossibleVote on fairness because A~ debate is a game that needs rules and B~ the round is already skewed so it's the only thing you can accurately evaluate. Competing interps because reasonability is arbitrary and encourages judge intervention. Drop the debater A~ to deter future abuse B~ dropping the aff advocacy is functionally the same C~ abuse precludes evaluation of substance. No RVIs, A~ Logic – I'm fair vote for me makes no sense, outweighs since logic frames all args, B~ it incentivizes abuse to bait theory, C~ norms setting – if I realize in the 1ar the interp is bad RVIs force me to defend bad norms which outweighs because theory's purpose is to create good debate norms | 2/21/22 |
ND21 - DA - Brazil PoliticsTournament: Glenbrooks | Round: 7 | Opponent: Immaculate Heart RR | Judge: Das, Sreyaash Bolsanero going to lose 2022 in the status quo because the Brazilian economy is bad. Reuters 21,Person. "Lula Retains Solid Lead over Bolsonaro for 2022 Brazil Race, Poll Shows." Reuters, Thomson Reuters, 17 Sept. 2021, https://www.reuters.com/world/americas/lula-retains-solid-lead-over-bolsonaro-2022-brazil-race-poll-shows-2021-09-17/?scrlybrkr=fc8b4d04. But it's close—if he wins enough votes to force it to a runoff, the outcome flips. Bnamericas 11-21,"BNAMERICAS - Spotlight: Brazil's Presidential Candidates." BNamericas.com, Nov. 2021, https://www.bnamericas.com/en/features/spotlight-brazils-presidential-candidates. Improving economy and giving the government more money to spend will improve Bolsanero's popularity.https://www.spectator.co.uk/article/don-t-be-surprised-if-bolsonaro-wins-again Bolsanero in power means deforestation in the Amazon will never end. His supporters hate the amazon. Steunkel and AndersonStuenkel, Oliver, and Paul Anderson. "Bolsonaro Can't End Deforestation in the Amazon – Even If He Wants To." New Statesman, 19 Nov. 2021, https://www.newstatesman.com/world/2021/11/bolsonaro-cant-end-deforestation-in-the-amazon-even-if-he-wants-to. | 11/21/21 |
ND21 - K - DeanTournament: Glenbrooks | Round: 1 | Opponent: Isidore newman GP | Judge: Larson, Sam Glenbrooks r11Forms of fragmented politics completely cedes the political to capitalism. Engagement in undercommon communication is too individualized and resists collective and concrete change. This constitutes enjoyment of melancholic pleasures of being distanced and accommodated to the real world, and as a result remains stuck in parasitic oppression without change – Dean 13:"Communist Desire", Jodi Dean, , 2013, LHP AM Using the state for social progress and support pacifies the left, re-entrenching capital's control, LaursenLaursen, E., 2021. The Operating System An Anarchist Theory of the Modern State The Operating System An Anarchist Theory of the Modern State. pg 128-129 The alternative is the politics of the comrade – one that is oriented toward a shared communist horizon – only our methodology can fight capitalism, anything else allows it to take over co-opting any movement – Dean 19:Dean, Jodi. Comrade: An essay on political belonging. Verso, 2019. LHP BT + LHP PS The role of the ballot is fidelity to the truth – dedication to a shared horizon is liberatory, Dean 19:Dean, Jodi. Comrade: An essay on political belonging. Verso, 2019. LHP BT + LHP PS | 11/20/21 |
ND21 - K - Dean v2Tournament: Glenbrooks | Round: 3 | Opponent: Lexington VM | Judge: Robinson, Tajaih Forms of fragmented politics completely cedes the political to capitalism. Engagement in undercommon communication is too individualized and resists collective and concrete change. This constitutes enjoyment of melancholic pleasures of being distanced and accommodated to the real world, and as a result remains stuck in parasitic oppression without change – Dean 13:"Communist Desire", Jodi Dean, , 2013, LHP AM The alternative is the politics of the comrade – one that is oriented toward a shared communist horizon – only our methodology can fight capitalism, anything else allows it to take over co-opting any movement – Dean 19:Dean, Jodi. Comrade: An essay on political belonging. Verso, 2019. LHP BT + LHP PS The role of the ballot is fidelity to the truth – dedication to a shared horizon is liberatory, Dean 19:Dean, Jodi. Comrade: An essay on political belonging. Verso, 2019. LHP BT + LHP PS | 11/20/21 |
ND21 - K - Dean v3Tournament: Glenbrooks | Round: 5 | Opponent: Harvard-Westlake AL | Judge: Quisenberry, Jack The telos of the 1ac's politics is the strike – that naturalizes capital's control and is parasitic on political organizing.Eidlin 20 Barry Eidlin (assistant professor of sociology at McGill University and the author of Labor and the Class Idea in the United States and Canada), 1-6-2020, "Why Unions Are Good – But Not Good Enough," Jacobin, https://www.jacobinmag.com/2020/01/marxism-trade-unions-socialism-revolutionary-organizing Capitalism is a death cult and the apocalypse is already happening. Without an unshakable commitment to the total and complete rejection of the fetishization capitalist value, we will all die like the dinosaurs, Allinson 21Allinson, J. (2021). The tragedy of the worker: towards the proletarocene. Verso Books. pg 8-17 The alternative is the politics of the comrade – one that is oriented toward a shared communist horizon – only our methodology can fight capitalism, anything else allows it to take over co-opting any movement – Dean 19:Dean, Jodi. Comrade: An essay on political belonging. Verso, 2019. LHP BT + LHP PS The role of the ballot is fidelity to the truth – dedication to a shared horizon is liberatory, Dean 19:Dean, Jodi. Comrade: An essay on political belonging. Verso, 2019. LHP BT + LHP PS | 11/21/21 |
ND21 - K - Dean v4Tournament: Glenbrooks | Round: Octas | Opponent: Homestead SL | Judge: Panel The aff engages in leftist melancholia which gives up the struggle against capitalism in favor of meaningless individual resistance. This forgoes all material and structural change by deriving satisfaction through ideological resistance without material efforts – Dean 13:"Communist Desire", Jodi Dean, , 2013, LHP AM The alternative is the politics of the comrade – one that is oriented toward a shared communist horizon – only our methodology can fight capitalism, anything else allows it to take over co-opting any movement – Dean 19:Dean, Jodi. Comrade: An essay on political belonging. Verso, 2019. LHP BT + LHP PS The role of the ballot is fidelity to the truth – dedication to a shared horizon is liberatory, Dean 19:Dean, Jodi. Comrade: An essay on political belonging. Verso, 2019. LHP BT + LHP PS | 11/22/21 |
ND21 - K - Dean v5Tournament: Princeton | Round: 2 | Opponent: BASIS Independent Silicon Valley SK | Judge: Gentleman, Jonah Princeton r21Recognizing a right to strike reduces revolutionary potential and fractures class organizing – turns the perm.Crépon 19 Mark Crépon (French philosopher), translated by Micol Bez "The Right to Strike and Legal War in Walter Benjamin's 'Toward the Critique of Violence,'" Critical Times, 2:2, August 2019, DOI 10.1215/26410478-7708331 Capitalism is a death cult and the apocalypse is already happening. Without an unshakable commitment to the total and complete rejection of the fetishization capitalist value, we will all die like the dinosaurs, Allinson 21Allinson, J. (2021). The tragedy of the worker: towards the proletarocene. Verso Books. pg 8-17 The alternative is the politics of the comrade – one that is oriented toward a shared communist horizon – only our methodology can fight capitalism, anything else allows it to take over co-opting any movement – Dean 19:Dean, Jodi. Comrade: An essay on political belonging. Verso, 2019. LHP BT + LHP PS The role of the ballot is fidelity to the truth – dedication to a shared horizon is liberatory, Dean 19:Dean, Jodi. Comrade: An essay on political belonging. Verso, 2019. LHP BT + LHP PS Princeton r21Recognizing a right to strike reduces revolutionary potential and fractures class organizing – turns the perm.Crépon 19 Mark Crépon (French philosopher), translated by Micol Bez "The Right to Strike and Legal War in Walter Benjamin's 'Toward the Critique of Violence,'" Critical Times, 2:2, August 2019, DOI 10.1215/26410478-7708331 Capitalism is a death cult and the apocalypse is already happening. Without an unshakable commitment to the total and complete rejection of the fetishization capitalist value, we will all die like the dinosaurs, Allinson 21Allinson, J. (2021). The tragedy of the worker: towards the proletarocene. Verso Books. pg 8-17 The alternative is the politics of the comrade – one that is oriented toward a shared communist horizon – only our methodology can fight capitalism, anything else allows it to take over co-opting any movement – Dean 19:Dean, Jodi. Comrade: An essay on political belonging. Verso, 2019. LHP BT + LHP PS The role of the ballot is fidelity to the truth – dedication to a shared horizon is liberatory, Dean 19:Dean, Jodi. Comrade: An essay on political belonging. Verso, 2019. LHP BT + LHP PS | 2/20/22 |
ND21 - K - Dean v6Tournament: Princeton | Round: 3 | Opponent: Durham ZG | Judge: Ambrose, Malachi Forms of fragmented politics completely cedes the political to capitalism. Engagement in undercommon communication is too individualized and resists collective and concrete change. This constitutes enjoyment of melancholic pleasures of being distanced and accommodated to the real world, and as a result remains stuck in parasitic oppression without change – Dean 13:"Communist Desire", Jodi Dean, , 2013, LHP AM Recognizing a right to strike reduces revolutionary potential and fractures class organizing – turns the perm.Crépon 19 Mark Crépon (French philosopher), translated by Micol Bez "The Right to Strike and Legal War in Walter Benjamin's 'Toward the Critique of Violence,'" Critical Times, 2:2, August 2019, DOI 10.1215/26410478-7708331 Racism and sexism are explicitly linked to class domination – absent destruction of capitalist power they can't be solved.Marsh '95 (James L., Professor of Philosophy at Fordham University, "Critique, Action, and Liberation p. 282-283) The alternative is the politics of the comrade – one that is oriented toward a shared communist horizon – only our methodology can fight capitalism, anything else allows it to take over co-opting any movement – Dean 19:Dean, Jodi. Comrade: An essay on political belonging. Verso, 2019. LHP BT + LHP PS The role of the ballot is fidelity to the truth – dedication to a shared horizon is liberatory, Dean 19:Dean, Jodi. Comrade: An essay on political belonging. Verso, 2019. LHP BT + LHP PS | 12/4/21 |
ND21 - K - Dean v7Tournament: Princeton | Round: 6 | Opponent: Bergen County Academies AK | Judge: Palmer, Jacob Princeton r61Recognizing a right to strike reduces revolutionary potential and fractures class organizing – turns the perm.Crépon 19 Mark Crépon (French philosopher), translated by Micol Bez "The Right to Strike and Legal War in Walter Benjamin's 'Toward the Critique of Violence,'" Critical Times, 2:2, August 2019, DOI 10.1215/26410478-7708331 The telos of the 1ac's politics is the strike – that naturalizes capital's control and is parasitic on political organizing.Eidlin 20 Barry Eidlin (assistant professor of sociology at McGill University and the author of Labor and the Class Idea in the United States and Canada), 1-6-2020, "Why Unions Are Good – But Not Good Enough," Jacobin, https://www.jacobinmag.com/2020/01/marxism-trade-unions-socialism-revolutionary-organizing Capitalism is a death cult and the apocalypse is already happening. Without an unshakable commitment to the total and complete rejection of the fetishization capitalist value, we will all die like the dinosaurs, Allinson 21Allinson, J. (2021). The tragedy of the worker: towards the proletarocene. Verso Books. pg 8-17 The alternative is the politics of the comrade – one that is oriented toward a shared communist horizon – only our methodology can fight capitalism, anything else allows it to take over co-opting any movement – Dean 19:Dean, Jodi. Comrade: An essay on political belonging. Verso, 2019. LHP BT + LHP PS The role of the ballot is fidelity to the truth – dedication to a shared horizon is liberatory, Dean 19:Dean, Jodi. Comrade: An essay on political belonging. Verso, 2019. LHP BT + LHP PS CaseCap causes mass starvation, ecological destruction, and exploitative violence.Hansen 16 Drew, contributor at Forbes, previously a management consultant at Bain and Company, a member of the executive team at Qualtrics, ran Editorial Operations and Business Development at Forbes, and co-founded Action First, a political consulting firm. "Unless It Changes, Capitalism Will Starve Humanity By 2050" Forbes. February 09, 2016. IB | 12/4/21 |
ND21 - NC - KantTournament: Glenbrooks | Round: Doubles | Opponent: Westwood PM | Judge: Panel Permissibility negates – ought implies an obligation but permissibility is a lack of one which means the neg met their burden of disproving an obligation.Presumption negates – a~ statements are more often false than true – a pen could be not red in infinite ways but red in only one b~ contradictions – would justify saying both p and not p if you knew nothing about pOnly constructing ethics from our rational agency can explain the sources of normativity –A~ Bindingness – Any obligation must not only tell us what is good, but why we ought to be good or else agents can reject the value of goodness itself. That means ethics must start with what is constitutive of agents since it traces obligations to features that are intrinsic to being an agent – as an agent you must follow certain rules. Only practical agency is constitutive since agents can use rationality to decide against other values but the act of deciding to reject practical agency engages in it.B~ Action theory – every moral analysis requires an action to evaluate, but actions are infinitely divisible into smaller meaningless movements. The act of stealing can be reduced to going to a house, entering, grabbing things, and leaving, all of which are distinct actions without moral value. Only the practical decision to steal ties these actions together to give them any moral value.That justifies universalizability.A~ The principle of equality is true since anything else assigns moral value to contingent factors like identity and justifies racism, and the principle of non-contradiction is true since 2+2 can't equal 4 for me and not for you meaning ethical statements true for one must be true for all.B~ Ethics must be defined a priori because of the is ought gap – experience only tells us what is since that's what we perceive, not what ought to be. But it's impossible to derive an ought from descriptive premises, so there needs to be additional a priori premises to make a moral theory. Applying reason to a priori truth results in universal obligations.Coercion isn't universalizable—willing your own freedom while violating someone else's is a conceptual contradiction.Engstrom ~Stephen Engstrom, (Professor of Philosophy @ the University of Pittsburgh) "Universal Legislation as the Form of Practical Knowledge" http://www.academia.edu/4512762/Universal_Legislation_As_the_Form_of_Practical_Knowledge, DOA:5-5-2018 WWBW~ Thus, the standard is consistency with a system of equal outer freedom.Prefer –An intrinsic feature to any action is the acceptance of the goodness of universal freedom, Gewirth 84 bracketed for grammar and gendered language~Alan Gewirth, () "The Ontological Basis of Natural Law: A Critique and an Alternative" American Journal Of Jurisprudence: Vol. 29: Iss. 1 Article 5, 1984, https://scholarship.law.nd.edu/ajj/vol29/iss1/5/, DOA:9-10-2018 WWBW Recut LHP AV~ Vote neg –1~ A right to strike claims a right to a specific job, which is a positive right, Gourevitch 16 summarizes, bracketed for gendered language:Gourevitch, A.. "Quitting Work but Not the Job: Liberty and the Right to Strike." Perspectives on Politics 14 (2016): 307 - 323. LHP AV Accessed 7/4/21 Only negative rights are coherent. Feser Summarizes Nozick 04,Edward Feser ~Philosophy professor at Loyola~, On Nozick by Eric Mack, 2004, p. 36-7, Volume 8, Issue 4 Scopa This brings us to a second feature of Nozick's conception of rights, namely that they are essentially negative. A right to X just is a right not to be hindered in using something you own, X, as you want to use it. It is not a right to have X if you don't already own it and no one wants to give or sell it to you. Your right to your TV set is just your right not to have it damaged or taken from you against your will; it is not a right that someone should buy you a TV set. Your right to life is just the right not to be killed; it is not a right that others should provide you with what you need to live. You own your life, so no one has the right to take it from you. But by the same token, others own their lives, bodies, labor, and the things they produce with their labor, and thus no one has a right to take those things from them. In particular, you do not have the right forcibly to take, or have someone else take, other people's resources simply because you want or need them, even if you need them to live (just as you have no right to take their body parts from them even if you needed those to live). A right to what you need in order to live would be a positive right a right to something that someone else must provide you with, as opposed to a (negative) right that someone merely refrain from doing something to you. So-called rights to welfare, health care, education, and the like would be positive rights. But there simply are and can be no such fundamental positive rights on a libertarian view. For no one has a basic right against other people that they must provide things for him; to assume otherwise is to assume, in effect, that a person at least partially owns other people's property, including their labor, if I claim a right to education, for example, I am in effect claiming that other people must provide me with an education — it won't just fall out of the sky, after all — which means I'm claiming a right to a part of their labor, i.e. whatever labor must go into paying the taxes that fund my state-run school. But no one has a right to anyone else's labor — people own their own labor, and cannot morally be forced to give up some of it for others. If you want voluntarily to help me out in paying my tuition. and sign a contract saying you'll do so, that's one thing — in that case, I do have the right to your money, because you've agreed to provide it but if you don 't agree, I have no such right, and I and the government are stealing from you if we take your money anyway. Now many rights that people claim to have are positive rights of this sort. The United Nations' Universal Declaration of Human Rights, for example, is filled with claims not only to negative rights, but also to many positive rights — rights to education, health care, even "periodic holidays with pay"! But all such claims are bogus, and the alleged "rights" pure fictions conjured out of thin air. For they conflict with the fundamental rights of self-ownership, and make people slaves to the realization of others' desires and needs. Being essentially negative, a person's rights function, in Nozick's terminology, as moral side-constraints on the actions of others (1974, 28-35). Respecting others' rights, that is, isn't to be understood merely as one goal among others that we might seek to maximize, leaving open the possibility that violating rights in some circumstances for the sake of achieving some other good is an acceptable trade-off. Rather, one's rights constitute a set of absolute restrictions within which all other people must behave with respect to him, and override all considerations of utility or welfare. They lay down the ground rules for our behavior towards others — telling us that, in anything we do, there are certain things we must not do. "Side constraints upon action reflect the underlying Kantian principle that individuals are ends and not merely means," Nozick says; "they may not be sacrificed or used for the achieving of other ends without their consent. Individuals are inviolable" (1974, 30-31). Being inviolable, their rights are also inviolable — those rights cannot be overridden for any reason. Nor, given that rights are negative, is there any danger that they might conflict, which would put their inviolability in doubt. If your having a right to X just means that I cannot interfere with your use of X, and my right to Y just means that you cannot interfere with my use of Y, then there is no conflict between our rights: All we're required to do is to leave each other alone. But if I also claim a positive right to Z, and Z requires the use of X, then our rights inevitably will conflict, for the only way I can get Z is if you give me X. Positive rights will generally, and obviously, lead to such conflicts — surely another reason to be suspicious of them. Negative rights, however, will not. Such rights are perfectly compatible with one another, and thus with the notion that rights are inviolable.2~ The right to strike necessarily involves violating the right to property and contract – it's coercive, Gourevitch 16 summarizes:Gourevitch, A.. "Quitting Work but Not the Job: Liberty and the Right to Strike." Perspectives on Politics 14 (2016): 307 - 323. LHP AV Accessed 7/4/21 | 11/22/21 |
ND21 - T - JustTournament: Glenbrooks | Round: 5 | Opponent: Harvard-Westlake AL | Judge: Quisenberry, Jack Glenbrooks r51Interpretation: The affirmative debater must not specify a government that is not just.Violation: They specify the United States.1~ The US a~ commits eminent domain abuse, which violates property and b~ does it against minorities and the poor which is not impartial, Somin 17:Ilya Somin, ~Contributor, The Volokh Conspiracy which is is a blog co-founded in 2002 by law professor Eugene Volokh,~3~ covering legal and political issues~4~~5~~6~ from an ideological orientation it describes as "generally libertarian, conservative, centrist, or some mixture of these."~, May 26, 2017 at 10:40 a.m. EDT, "The American experience with eminent domain – and its possible lessons for others" https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/volokh-conspiracy/wp/2017/05/26/the-american-experience-with-eminent-domain-and-its-possible-lessons-for-others/ LHP AV 2~ The oppressive structure of the United States is maintained by the narrative of justice and triumph.Ioanide, Paula. "The Alchemy of Race and Affect:"White Innocence" and Public Secrets in the Post–Civil Rights Era." Kalfou 1.1 (2014). Vote neg –1~ Precision –A~ stasis point – the topic is the only reasonable focal point for debate – anything else destroys the possibility of debate because we will be two ships passingB~ internal link turn – violating semantics justifies the aff talking about whatever with zero neg prep or prediction which is the most unfair and uneducationalC~ Jurisdiction – you can't vote for them because the ballot and the tournament invitation say to vote for the better debater in the context of the resolution2~ Limits – there are almost 200 national governments in the world which is an unmanageable burden, especially for a 3 week camp. Only imposing restrictions via the word just can ensure debates are limited and full of clash3~ TVA – use ideal theory instead. That's better – a~ promotes in-depth philosophical clash over labor law that's constittuive to LD b~ solves your offense because you can indicate you would solve these problems in an ideal world too – no reason you need the US in particular | 11/21/21 |
ND21 - T - Just v2Tournament: Glenbrooks | Round: 7 | Opponent: Immaculate Heart RR | Judge: Das, Sreyaash Interpretation: The affirmative debater must not specify a government that is not just.Violation: They specify the Brazil.Brazil is not just. Betto 19, Vote neg –1~ Precision –A~ stasis point – the topic is the only reasonable focal point for debate – anything else destroys the possibility of debate because we will be two ships passingB~ internal link turn – violating semantics justifies the aff talking about whatever with zero neg prep or prediction which is the most unfair and uneducationalC~ Jurisdiction – you can't vote for them because the ballot and the tournament invitation say to vote for the better debater in the context of the resolution2~ Limits – there are almost 200 national governments in the world which is an unmanageable burden, especially for a 3 week camp. Only imposing restrictions via the word just can ensure debates are limited and full of clash3~ TVA – use ideal theory instead. That's better – a~ promotes in-depth philosophical clash over labor law that's constittuive to LD b~ solves your offense because you can indicate you would solve these problems in an ideal world too – no reason you need the US in particular | 11/21/21 |
ND21 - T - Just v3Tournament: Glenbrooks | Round: Doubles | Opponent: Westwood PM | Judge: Panel Interpretation: The affirmative debater must not specify a government that is not just.Violation: They specify the EgyptEgypt is an unjust government –https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/2021/11/16/egypt-will-host-cop27-expect-criticism-over-fossil-fuels-human-rights/ Vote neg –1~ Precision –A~ stasis point – the topic is the only reasonable focal point for debate – anything else destroys the possibility of debate because we will be two ships passingB~ internal link turn – violating semantics justifies the aff talking about whatever with zero neg prep or prediction which is the most unfair and uneducationalC~ Jurisdiction – you can't vote for them because the ballot and the tournament invitation say to vote for the better debater in the context of the resolution2~ Limits – there are almost 200 national governments in the world which is an unmanageable burden. Only imposing restrictions via the word just can ensure debates are limited and full of clash3~ Fiat abuse – the rez says a just government should. By picking a dictatorial and authoritarian government and having the entire offense and link story about how that government is in the squo refusing and repressing all protest, they have created for themselves a vastly better link story and offense that the rez intends. They are fiating that an authoritarian regime no longer acts authoritarian. That destroys fairnes – I couldn't predict it based on the rez and they have way too much offense.4~ Accessibility – The aff's internal links say htat it's important for Sisi to look good – that's violent – it wants to hide violence dictators commit and cares about the image of dictators, especially those who have hurt real people in debate. Hold them accountable. Accessibility first – otherwise no one could engage in debate and it's your obligation as an educator to stop violent practices.5~ TVA – don't defend Egypt as a just governent and don't spec. Defend a hypothetically just government.The aff would be topical if the rez said an unconditional govt in order to be just, or consistent with justice. | 11/22/21 |
SO21 - DA - InfrastructureTournament: Yale | Round: 6 | Opponent: Needham LF | Judge: Cui, Anthony Pharma innovation is strong now – patent incentives are key to maintaining progress, Austin and Hayford 21:David Austin, ~an Analyst in CBO's Microeconomics Studies Division~ and Tamara Hayford, ~a principal analyst in the Health, Retirement, and Long-Term Analysis Division, Congressional Budget Office~ prepared the report with guidance from Joseph Kile, Lyle Nelson, and Julie Topoleski. Christopher Adams, Pranav Bhandarkar, and David Wylie (formerly of CBO) contributed to the analysis., April 2021, "Research and Development in the Pharmaceutical Industry" https://www.cbo.gov/publication/57126 LHP AV DOA: 9/8/21 Intellectual property protections are key to pharmaceutical innovation – laundry of list of studies – that solves access better, Ezeli and Cory 19:Stephen Ezell, ~vice president, global innovation policy, at the Information Technology and Innovation Foundation (ITIF). He focuses on science and technology policy, international competitiveness, trade, manufacturing, and services issues.~ and Nigel Cory, ~an associate director covering trade policy at the Information Technology and Innovation Foundation. He focuses on cross-border data flows, data governance, intellectual property, and how they each relate to digital trade and the broader digital economy. Cory has provided in-person testimony and written submissions and has published reports and op-eds relating to these issues in the United States, the European Union, Australia, China, India, and New Zealand, among other countries and regions, and he has completed research projects for international bodies such as the Asia Pacific Economic Cooperation and the World Trade Organization.~ "The Way Forward for Intellectual Property Internationally" April 25, 2019, https://itif.org/publications/2019/04/25/way-forward-intellectual-property-internationally LHP AV Biopharmaceutical innovation is key to prevent future pandemics and bioterror.Marjanovic and Feijao 20 ~(Sonja Marjanovic, Ph.D., Judge Business School, University of Cambridge. Carolina Feijao, Ph.D. in biochemistry, University of Cambridge; M.Sc. in quantitative biology, Imperial College London; B.Sc. in biology, University of Lisbon.) "How to Best Enable Pharma Innovation Beyond the COVID-19 Crisis," RAND Corporation, 05-2020, https://www.rand.org/pubs/perspectives/PEA407-1.html~~ TDI Pandemics cause extinction.Piers Millett 17, Consultant for the World Health Organization, PhD in International Relations and Affairs, University of Bradford, Andrew Snyder-Beattie, "Existential Risk and Cost-Effective Biosecurity", Health Security, Vol 15(4), http://online.liebertpub.com/doi/pdfplus/10.1089/hs.2017.0028 | 9/18/21 |
SO21 - DA - InnovationTournament: Bronx | Round: 3 | Opponent: Harrison JP | Judge: Pungchai, Passa Pharma innovation is strong now – patent incentives are key to maintaining progress, Austin and Hayford 21:David Austin, ~an Analyst in CBO's Microeconomics Studies Division~ and Tamara Hayford, ~a principal analyst in the Health, Retirement, and Long-Term Analysis Division, Congressional Budget Office~ prepared the report with guidance from Joseph Kile, Lyle Nelson, and Julie Topoleski. Christopher Adams, Pranav Bhandarkar, and David Wylie (formerly of CBO) contributed to the analysis., April 2021, "Research and Development in the Pharmaceutical Industry" https://www.cbo.gov/publication/57126 LHP AV DOA: 9/8/21 Intellectual property protections are key to pharmaceutical innovation – laundry of list of studies – that solves access better, Ezeli and Cory 19:Stephen Ezell, ~vice president, global innovation policy, at the Information Technology and Innovation Foundation (ITIF). He focuses on science and technology policy, international competitiveness, trade, manufacturing, and services issues.~ and Nigel Cory, ~an associate director covering trade policy at the Information Technology and Innovation Foundation. He focuses on cross-border data flows, data governance, intellectual property, and how they each relate to digital trade and the broader digital economy. Cory has provided in-person testimony and written submissions and has published reports and op-eds relating to these issues in the United States, the European Union, Australia, China, India, and New Zealand, among other countries and regions, and he has completed research projects for international bodies such as the Asia Pacific Economic Cooperation and the World Trade Organization.~ "The Way Forward for Intellectual Property Internationally" April 25, 2019, https://itif.org/publications/2019/04/25/way-forward-intellectual-property-internationally LHP AV Biopharmaceutical innovation is key to prevent future pandemics and bioterror.Marjanovic and Feijao 20 ~(Sonja Marjanovic, Ph.D., Judge Business School, University of Cambridge. Carolina Feijao, Ph.D. in biochemistry, University of Cambridge; M.Sc. in quantitative biology, Imperial College London; B.Sc. in biology, University of Lisbon.) "How to Best Enable Pharma Innovation Beyond the COVID-19 Crisis," RAND Corporation, 05-2020, https://www.rand.org/pubs/perspectives/PEA407-1.html~~ TDI Pandemics cause extinction.Piers Millett 17, Consultant for the World Health Organization, PhD in International Relations and Affairs, University of Bradford, Andrew Snyder-Beattie, "Existential Risk and Cost-Effective Biosecurity", Health Security, Vol 15(4), http://online.liebertpub.com/doi/pdfplus/10.1089/hs.2017.0028 | 10/16/21 |
SO21 - K - LacanTournament: Bronx | Round: 2 | Opponent: Hunter AL | Judge: Etienne, Fabrice First is the theory of language. The signifiers that structure the world only generate meaning based on their difference from other signifiers, meaning they can never fully represent the signified. Every linguistic representation is missing something, creating an unbridgeable gap between the 'real' and the linguistic representation of 'reality'.Van Haute, Philippe, Against Adaptation: Lacan's "Subversion" of the Subject Translated by Paul Crowe and Miranda Vankerk 2002 Second is language's impact on the subject. Before the subject enters language, it is a being of raw biological needs. This pre-subject is forced into language to fulfill them, but language is constitutively lacking and fails to represent them. The linguistic subject can never understand its own needs, meaning it can never satisfy its desires. It's futile attempts to do so create a constitutive lack.Van Haute 2, Philippe, Against Adaptation: Lacan's "Subversion" of the Subject Translated by Paul Crowe and Miranda Vankerk 2002 Free trade and IP regimes exclusively exist in language without any grounding in reality, making them infinitely contestable and full of contradiction, Owen 16:Owen, Thomas. Lacan, Laclau, and the Impossibility of Free Trade . 2016, https://doi.org/10.11157/medianz-vol17iss2id207. LHP PS The aff's framing of IP as a right through the WTO and TRIPS erases past conceptions of IP, makes social contestation impossible, and is internally inconsistent – Owen 16:Owen, Thomas. Lacan, Laclau, and the Impossibility of Free Trade . 2016, https://doi.org/10.11157/medianz-vol17iss2id207. LHP PS The alternative is to engage in ideology critique. Current forms of media ignore the constitutive lack in language, legitimizing hegemonic structures and ignoring important legislative processes. Instead, media should engage in ideological critique which exposes breaks in structures and inevitable inconsistencies in legislation, enabling true reform. Owen 2,Owen, Thomas. "Lacan, Laclau, and the impossibility of free trade." MEDIANZ: Media Studies Journal of Aotearoa New Zealand 16.2 (2016). LHP YA The role of the ballot is to endorse the Hysteric's discourse. The Master's discourse, as whole and undivided by language, simply assumes its justification for its existence. It is unconcerned with knowledge production so long as it doesn't challenge it which repackages multiculturalism to limit radical transformative potential. The Hysteric maintains division between consciousness and the unconscious while testing the Master's discourse to reveal its hidden split. Viego:"Dead Subjects: Towards a Politics of Loss in Latino Studies" by Antonio Viego 2007 Duke University Press LHPDD | 10/15/21 |
SO21 - K - Lacan v2Tournament: Bronx | Round: Quarters | Opponent: NSU SF | Judge: Panel First is the theory of language. The signifiers that structure the world only generate meaning based on their difference from other signifiers, meaning they can never fully represent the signified. Every linguistic representation is missing something, creating an unbridgeable gap between the 'real' and the linguistic representation of 'reality'.Van Haute, Philippe, Against Adaptation: Lacan's "Subversion" of the Subject Translated by Paul Crowe and Miranda Vankerk 2002 Second is language's impact on the subject. Before the subject enters language, it is a being of raw biological needs. This pre-subject is forced into language to fulfill them, but language is constitutively lacking and fails to represent them. The linguistic subject can never understand its own needs, meaning it can never satisfy its desires. It's futile attempts to do so create a constitutive lack.Van Haute 2, Philippe, Against Adaptation: Lacan's "Subversion" of the Subject Translated by Paul Crowe and Miranda Vankerk 2002 Free trade and IP regimes exclusively exist in language without any grounding in reality, making them infinitely contestable and full of contradiction, Owen 16:Owen, Thomas. Lacan, Laclau, and the Impossibility of Free Trade . 2016, https://doi.org/10.11157/medianz-vol17iss2id207. LHP PS The alternative is to engage in ideology critique. Current forms of media ignore the constitutive lack in language, legitimizing hegemonic structures and ignoring important legislative processes. Instead, media should engage in ideological critique which exposes breaks in structures and inevitable inconsistencies in legislation, enabling true reform. Owen 16,Owen, Thomas. "Lacan, Laclau, and the impossibility of free trade." MEDIANZ: Media Studies Journal of Aotearoa New Zealand 16.2 (2016). LHP YA The role of the ballot is to endorse the Hysteric's discourse. The Master's discourse, as whole and undivided by language, simply assumes its justification for its existence. It is unconcerned with knowledge production so long as it doesn't challenge it which repackages multiculturalism to limit radical transformative potential. The Hysteric maintains division between consciousness and the unconscious while testing the Master's discourse to reveal its hidden split. Viego:"Dead Subjects: Towards a Politics of Loss in Latino Studies" by Antonio Viego 2007 Duke University Press LHPDD | 10/17/21 |
SO21 - NC - HegelTournament: Yale | Round: 2 | Opponent: Claudia Taylor Johnson AP | Judge: Mohan, Eshwar FWEthics must start from a conception of the subject – you must understand the self to prescribe it action. Anything else is circular by allowing moral conclusions to define the premise of subjectivity, which then can define morality.The distinction between the noumenal and the phenomenal world is not an uncrossable bridge – this implies that freedom can be won via legal and socially recognized rights, Schroeder 05:Schroeder, Jeanne L. "Unnatural rights: Hegel and intellectual property." U. Miami L. Rev. 60 (2005): 453. Property and legal contracts are the only medium of recognition and intersubjectivity, Schroeder 2:*bracketed for gendered language* Schroeder, Jeanne L. "Unnatural rights: Hegel and intellectual property." U. Miami L. Rev. 60 (2005): 453. Thus, the standard is consistency with abstract right.OffenseAbstract right is materialized in the community in the legal order. Violating them undermines the system through which we manifest our rights, meaning it violates our freedom as subjects and outweighs. Buchwalter,Buchwalter, Andrew. "Hegel, Human Rights, and Political Membership." The affs international imposition of trade policies violates the legal sovereignty of states to develop trade policy. Herrmann-Pillath,Herrmann-Pillath, Carsten. "Leadership, Deliberative Trade Policy, and Civil Society: The Hegelian Approach" | 9/18/21 |
SO21 - NC - Hegel v2Tournament: Yale | Round: 4 | Opponent: Lexington AMa | Judge: Chang, Curtis Ethics must start from a conception of the subject – you must understand the self to prescribe it action. Anything else is circular by allowing moral conclusions to define the premise of subjectivity, which then can define morality.The subject is intrinsically rational and sensible. However, the distinction between the noumenal and the phenomenal world is not an uncrossable bridge – freedom must be won through socially building conceptions of it, Schroeder 05:Schroeder, Jeanne L. "Unnatural rights: Hegel and intellectual property." U. Miami L. Rev. 60 (2005): 453. Property and legal contracts are the only medium of recognition and intersubjectivity, Schroeder 2:*bracketed for gendered language* Schroeder, Jeanne L. "Unnatural rights: Hegel and intellectual property." U. Miami L. Rev. 60 (2005): 453. Thus, the standard is consistency with abstract right.OffenseAbstract right is materialized in the community in the legal order. Violating them undermines the system through which we manifest our rights, meaning it violates our freedom as subjects and outweighs. Buchwalter,Buchwalter, Andrew. "Hegel, Human Rights, and Political Membership." The affs international imposition of trade policies violates the legal sovereignty of states to develop trade policy. Herrmann-Pillath,Herrmann-Pillath, Carsten. "Leadership, Deliberative Trade Policy, and Civil Society: The Hegelian Approach" | 9/18/21 |
SO21 - NC - Hegel v3Tournament: Yale | Round: Triples | Opponent: West Des Moines Valley SJ | Judge: Panel Ethics must start from a conception of the subject – you must understand the self to prescribe it action. Anything else is circular by allowing moral conclusions to define the premise of subjectivity, which then can define morality.The subject is intrinsically rational and sensible. However, the distinction between the noumenal and the phenomenal world is not an uncrossable bridge – freedom must be won through socially building conceptions of it, Schroeder 05:Schroeder, Jeanne L. "Unnatural rights: Hegel and intellectual property." U. Miami L. Rev. 60 (2005): 453. Property and legal contracts are the only medium of recognition and intersubjectivity, Schroeder 2:*bracketed for gendered language* Schroeder, Jeanne L. "Unnatural rights: Hegel and intellectual property." U. Miami L. Rev. 60 (2005): 453. Thus, the standard is consistency with abstract right.OffenseAbstract right is materialized in the community in the legal order. Violating them undermines the system through which we manifest our rights, meaning it violates our freedom as subjects and outweighs. Buchwalter,Buchwalter, Andrew. "Hegel, Human Rights, and Political Membership." The affs international imposition of trade policies violates the legal sovereignty of states to develop trade policy. Herrmann-Pillath,Herrmann-Pillath, Carsten. "Leadership, Deliberative Trade Policy, and Civil Society: The Hegelian Approach" | 9/19/21 |
SO21 - NC - Hegel v4Tournament: Bronx | Round: 6 | Opponent: Iowa City West HM | Judge: Thomas-McGinnis, Conal Freedom must exist in practice rather than only theory, or it cannot be stated that the subject is free. Freedom must be noumenal or uncaused by the laws of nature, but humans are phenomenal and subject to these laws and external interference meaning ensuring abstract rights materially is necessary for freedom. Since we are phenomenal and unavoidably change through life, our perception of the world is constantly in flux meaning there is no absolute truth for what rights we create, but they can only be recognized through intersubjectivity. Schroeder 05:Schroeder, Jeanne L. "Unnatural rights: Hegel and intellectual property." U. Miami L. Rev. 60 (2005): 453. Property and legal contracts are the only medium of recognition and intersubjectivity capable of ensuring the abstract right, Schroeder 2:*bracketed for gendered language* Schroeder, Jeanne L. "Unnatural rights: Hegel and intellectual property." U. Miami L. Rev. 60 (2005): 453. Thus, the standard is consistency with materializing abstract right.Abstract right is materialized in the community in the legal order. Controlling their production undermines the system through which we manifest our rights, meaning it violates our freedom as subjects and outweighs. Buchwalter,Buchwalter, Andrew. "Hegel, Human Rights, and Political Membership." The affs international imposition of trade policies violates the legal sovereignty of states to develop trade policy. Herrmann-Pillath,Herrmann-Pillath, Carsten. "Leadership, Deliberative Trade Policy, and Civil Society: The Hegelian Approach" | 10/16/21 |
SO21 - NC - Hegel v5Tournament: Bronx | Round: Octas | Opponent: Lexington AT | Judge: Panel Freedom must exist in practice rather than only theory, or it cannot be stated that the subject is free. Freedom must be noumenal or uncaused by the laws of nature, but humans are phenomenal and subject to these laws and external interference meaning ensuring abstract rights materially is necessary for freedom. Since we are phenomenal and unavoidably change through life, our perception of the world is constantly in flux meaning there is no absolute truth for what rights we create, but they can only be recognized through intersubjectivity. Schroeder 05:Schroeder, Jeanne L. "Unnatural rights: Hegel and intellectual property." U. Miami L. Rev. 60 (2005): 453. Property and legal contracts are the only medium of recognition and intersubjectivity capable of ensuring the abstract right, Schroeder 2:*bracketed for gendered language* Schroeder, Jeanne L. "Unnatural rights: Hegel and intellectual property." U. Miami L. Rev. 60 (2005): 453. Thus, the standard is consistency with materializing abstract right.OffenseAbstract right is materialized in the community in the legal order. Controlling their production undermines the system through which we manifest our rights, meaning it violates our freedom as subjects and outweighs. Buchwalter,Buchwalter, Andrew. "Hegel, Human Rights, and Political Membership." The affs international imposition of trade policies violates the legal sovereignty of states to develop trade policy. Herrmann-Pillath,Herrmann-Pillath, Carsten. "Leadership, Deliberative Trade Policy, and Civil Society: The Hegelian Approach" | 10/17/21 |
SO21 - NC - UtilTournament: Yale | Round: 6 | Opponent: Needham LF | Judge: Cui, Anthony Pain and pleasure are intrinsically valuable – to justify beyond that runs into moral incoherence. Moen 16,Moen 16 ~Ole Martin Moen, Research Fellow in Philosophy at University of Oslo "An Argument for Hedonism" Journal of Value Inquiry (Springer), 50 (2) 2016: 267–281~ SJDI RCT by JPark Thus, the standard is maximizing expected well-being. It's hedonistic act util. Prefer it.1~ Actor specificity A~ governments must aggregate because their policies benefit some and harm others so the only non-arbitrary way to prioritize is by helping the most amount of people B~ No act-omission distinction – governments have to yes/no policies which means that choosing to omit is an act itself so side constraints freeze action C~ Actor specificity comes first because different agents have different obligations. Takes out calc indicts because they're empirically denied.2~ Death is the worst impact and outweighs, A~ internal link turn – it fundamentally destroys the subject which makes alternative value and resistance impossible, B~ its irreversible so any chance life is good means it comes first3~ Extinction hijacks and side constrains the framework.Pummer 15 ~Theron, Junior Research Fellow in Philosophy at St. Anne's College, University of Oxford. "Moral Agreement on Saving the World" Practical Ethics, University of Oxford. May 18, 2015~ AT | 9/18/21 |
SO21 - NC - Util v2Tournament: Bronx | Round: 3 | Opponent: Harrison JP | Judge: Pungchai, Passa Pain and pleasure are intrinsically valuable – to justify beyond that runs into moral incoherence. Moen 16,Moen 16 ~Ole Martin Moen, Research Fellow in Philosophy at University of Oslo "An Argument for Hedonism" Journal of Value Inquiry (Springer), 50 (2) 2016: 267–281~ SJDI RCT by JPark Thus, the standard is maximizing expected well-being. It's hedonistic act util. Prefer it.1~ Actor specificity A~ governments must aggregate because their policies benefit some and harm others so the only non-arbitrary way to prioritize is by helping the most amount of people B~ No act-omission distinction – governments have to yes/no policies which means that choosing to omit is an act itself so side constraints freeze action C~ Actor specificity comes first because different agents have different obligations. Takes out calc indicts because they're empirically denied.2~ Death is the worst impact and outweighs, A~ internal link turn – it fundamentally destroys the subject which makes alternative value and resistance impossible, B~ its irreversible so any chance life is good means it comes first3~ Extinction hijacks and side constrains the framework.Pummer 15 ~Theron, Junior Research Fellow in Philosophy at St. Anne's College, University of Oxford. "Moral Agreement on Saving the World" Practical Ethics, University of Oxford. May 18, 2015~ AT 4~ It's a lexical pre-requisite. Threats to bodily security and life preclude the ability for moral actors to effectively act upon other moral theories since they are in a constant state of crisis that inhibit the ideal moral conditions which other theories presuppose. | 10/16/21 |
SO21 - T - Extra TTournament: Yale | Round: 6 | Opponent: Needham LF | Judge: Cui, Anthony Interpretation: The affirmative debater must not defend actions outside the scope of the resolution. To clarify, extra-T bad.Violation: they abolish the wto1~ limitsA~ cherrypicking b~ prep skew2~ topic edVote on fairness since anything else arbitrarily skews the round to the unfair debater and education since that's why schools fund it. Competing interps a~ reasonability is arbitrary and encourages judge intervention, b~ reasonability collapses when debating over brightlines. Drop the debater A~ to deter future abuse and B~ dropping the advocacy is functionally the same. No RVIs A~ logic – im fair vote for me makes no sense, B~ rvis make affs abusive to bait theory and win on a long counterinterp, C~ chilling effect – people won't read theory against good theory debaters which makes infinite uncheckable abuse that outweighs | 9/18/21 |
SO21 - theory - intent in advocacyTournament: Yale | Round: Triples | Opponent: West Des Moines Valley SJ | Judge: Panel Interpretation: The affirmative debater must not condition their advocacy on the intent of an actor.Violation: They say do the aff if the intent for patenting is profit.Vote neg –1~ ground –A~ stability - the affirmative radically shifts because the intent of actors are variable an unpredictable.B~ quality - shifts on lines that always advantage the aff – they literally say that the intentions must be good2~ fiat abuse – they fiat that states can know intent of actors which is logically impossibleA~ policy ed – it would never work in the real world which guts it, outweighs on portability since it can have meaningful impacts in the futureB~ neg ground – they gut it by creating impossible solutions to all potential problems the aff hasVote on fairness since anything else arbitrarily skews the round to the unfair debater and education since that's why schools fund it. Competing interps a~ reasonability is arbitrary and encourages judge intervention, b~ reasonability collapses when debating over brightlines. Drop the debater A~ to deter future abuse and B~ dropping the advocacy is functionally the same. No RVIs A~ logic – im fair vote for me makes no sense, B~ rvis make affs abusive to bait theory and win on a long counterinterp, C~ chilling effect – people won't read theory against good theory debaters which makes infinite uncheckable abuse that outweighs | 9/19/21 |
SO21 - theory - spec IP protectionTournament: Yale | Round: 2 | Opponent: Claudia Taylor Johnson AP | Judge: Mohan, Eshwar Interpretation: The affirmative debater must specify what intellectual property protection will be reduced in a delineated text in the 1AC.Violation: They don't.Vote neg –1~ Stable ground – IP has massive range that is key to answering the aff – do they alter trips, most favored nation status, reduce timeframe, reduce penalties, reduce range of what qualifies? Absent this knowledge the aff can shift out of any neg args in the 1ar. Outweighs, a~ reversibility – I cant read new 2n arguments so I just autolose, b~ magnitude, they moot the 7 minute 1N which is the largest speech you can moot2~ Policy making education – ambiguous plans could never pass as policies which removes the aspect of debating over legitimate policies from the round – outweighs on a~ portability since there is legitimate out of round impacts to being able to defend a policy and b~ magnitude since there isn't a real policy to debate in the first place so policy ed is 0. Also is a solvency deficit to the aff since if you don't know what policy you are voting for you can't vote for it.Vote on fairness since anything else arbitrarily skews the round to the unfair debater and education since that's why schools fund it. Competing interps a~ reasonability is arbitrary and encourages judge intervention, b~ reasonability collapses when debating over brightlines. Drop the debater A~ to deter future abuse and B~ dropping the advocacy is functionally the same. No RVIs A~ logic – im fair vote for me makes no sense, B~ rvis make affs abusive to bait theory and win on a long counterinterp, C~ chilling effect – people won't read theory against good theory debaters which makes infinite uncheckable abuse that outweighs | 9/18/21 |
SO21 - theory - spec IP protection v2Tournament: Yale | Round: 4 | Opponent: Lexington AMa | Judge: Chang, Curtis Interpretation: The affirmative debater must specify what intellectual property protection will be reduced in a delineated text in the 1AC.Violation: They don't.Vote neg –1~ Stable ground – IP has massive range that is key to answering the aff – do they alter trips, most favored nation status, reduce timeframe, reduce penalties, reduce range of what qualifies? Absent this knowledge the aff can shift out of any neg args in the 1ar. Outweighs, a~ reversibility – I cant read new 2n arguments so I just autolose, b~ magnitude, they moot the 7 minute 1N which is the largest speech you can moot2~ Policy making education – ambiguous plans could never pass as policies which removes the aspect of debating over legitimate policies from the round – outweighs on a~ portability since there is legitimate out of round impacts to being able to defend a policy and b~ magnitude since there isn't a real policy to debate in the first place so policy ed is 0. Also is a solvency deficit to the aff since if you don't know what policy you are voting for you can't vote for it.Vote on fairness since anything else arbitrarily skews the round to the unfair debater and education since that's why schools fund it. Competing interps a~ reasonability is arbitrary and encourages judge intervention, b~ reasonability collapses when debating over brightlines. Drop the debater A~ to deter future abuse and B~ dropping the advocacy is functionally the same. No RVIs A~ logic – im fair vote for me makes no sense, B~ rvis make affs abusive to bait theory and win on a long counterinterp, C~ chilling effect – people won't read theory against good theory debaters which makes infinite uncheckable abuse that outweighs | 9/18/21 |
SO21 - theory - spec IP protection v3Tournament: Bronx | Round: 6 | Opponent: Iowa City West HM | Judge: Thomas-McGinnis, Conal Interpretation: The affirmative must specify which provisions of intellectual property law regarding medicines they modify to what degree they do so.Reduce just means make smaller but doesn't inherently specify, Cambridge:https://dictionary.cambridge.org/us/dictionary/english/reduce LHP AV TRIPS is wide-reaching in its application, so reducing generally makes no sense, Baker 04Brook K. Baker; Professor at Northeastern School of Law, member of the Health Global Access Project; 01-03-2004; "View of Arthritic Flexibilities for Accessing Medicines: Analysis of WTO Action Regarding Paragraph 6 of the Doha Declaration on the TRIPS Agreement and Public Health"; https://journals.iupui.edu/index.php/iiclr/article/view/17822/17992, Indiana International and Comparative Law Review; Vol. 14 No. 3, accessed 7-22-2021; JPark Violation: They just defend the resolution as reduce IP instead of specifying what they do to reduce.Vote neg –1~ Topic Lit – all of the literature specifies what aspects of IP law is bad – data exclusivity, minimum protection, trade secrets, compulsory licensing, etc. Absent specification, it's impossible to engage with core topic questions because they become vague general principle statements that don't incentivize in-depth research. That outweighs – A~ this is the first international trade law topic so we need to maximize our opportunity to learn details B~ the medicine IP issue is pressing right now due to the pandemic2~ Shiftiness – absent specification, the aff can always shift the goalposts of what they defend, which A~ kills ground because they can strategically choose what to specify in the 1ar to exclude my offense, which outweighs because it moots 100 of my offense so I always lose and B~ destroys clash since we can never engage if we're solely debating about what to debate about C~ Irresolvability – there's no way to resolve the round if we don't know what we are debating about, which means the judge has to intervene so it's the worst form of unfairness because skill is irrelevant3~ Presumption – they don't do anything because reduction only makes sense in context of specific modifications so you can't know what offense matters and vote neg on presumption | 10/16/21 |
SO21 - theory - spec IP protection v4Tournament: Bronx | Round: Quarters | Opponent: NSU SF | Judge: Panel Interpretation: The affirmative must specify which provisions of intellectual property law regarding medicines they modify to what degree they do so.Reduce just means make smaller but doesn't inherently specify, Cambridge:https://dictionary.cambridge.org/us/dictionary/english/reduce LHP AV TRIPS is wide-reaching in its application, so reducing generally makes no sense, Baker 04Brook K. Baker; Professor at Northeastern School of Law, member of the Health Global Access Project; 01-03-2004; "View of Arthritic Flexibilities for Accessing Medicines: Analysis of WTO Action Regarding Paragraph 6 of the Doha Declaration on the TRIPS Agreement and Public Health"; https://journals.iupui.edu/index.php/iiclr/article/view/17822/17992, Indiana International and Comparative Law Review; Vol. 14 No. 3, accessed 7-22-2021; JPark Violation: They just defend the resolution as reduce IP instead of specifying what they do to reduce. | 10/17/21 |
SO21 - theory - spec ROTBTournament: Bronx | Round: Octas | Opponent: Lexington AT | Judge: Panel Interpretation: The affirmative debater must specify the role of the ballot under which the judge evaluates offense.Violation: They didn't, cx1~ shiftinessA~ reversability | 10/17/21 |
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