Tournament: - | Round: 1 | Opponent: - | Judge: -
One obv since the resolution uses the word reduce instead of eliminating all negative arguments that are in the context of the aff removing all IP protections are not topical to the round since that is not what the affirmative is advocating for.
Value: Justice
Criteria: Utilatarinsm
It is the best way for states to create policies.
Goodin 90, Robert Goodin, fellow in philosophy, Australian National Defense University, THE UTILITARIAN RESPONSE, 1990, p. 141-2
C1: Generic Drugs
Patents are given to Big Pharma to keep generic drugs off the market for a limited time
O’Connor 18 (Kevin O’Connor) How patents play a role in drug pricing Kevin O’Connor is a partner at Neal, Gerber and Eisenberg in the Intellectual Property practice. He has a PhD in neuroscience from the University of Colorado. https://www.thepharmaletter.com/author/kevin-o-connor 8/12/21 TR
However even after the 20 year mark Big Pharma continues to extend their patents by using loopholes in the patent system
Glasgow 02 (Lara J. Glasgow) STRETCHING THE LIMITS OF INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS: HAS THE PHARMACEUTICAL INDUSTRY GONE TOO FAR? No BIO cited https://ipmall.law.unh.edu/sites/default/files/hosted_resources/IDEA/2.Glasgow01.pdf 8/8/21 TR
Having high levels of patent protection creates medicine shortages that can only be resolved by generic drugs which patents block
Oxfam NO DATE (Oxfam) Intellectual property and access to medicine Oxfam is a confederation of 20 independent charitable organizations focusing on the alleviation of global poverty, founded in 1942 and led by Oxfam International. It is a major nonprofit group with an extensive collection of operations. https://www.oxfamamerica.org/explore/issues/economic-well-being/intellectual-property-and-access-to-medicine/ 8/8/21 TR
Without Generic drugs Medicine shortages Spark Clinical consequences
Phuong et al 19 (Jonathan Phuong) “The impacts of medication shortages on patient outcomes: A scoping review” Jonathan Phuong: Sydney Pharmacy School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31050671/ 8/25/21 TR
To avoid future medicine shortages the WTO should have a one and done approach to patents
Feldman 19 (Robin Feldmen) ‘One-and-done’ for new drugs could cut patent thickets and boost generic competition Robin Feldman is a law professor, researcher, and author best known for her contributions to intellectual property and health care law. https://www.statnews.com/2019/02/11/drug-patent-protection-one-done/ TR 8/10/21
C2:Covid
In the status quo developing countries don’t have access to vaccines because of IP protections
Dyer 20 (Owen Dyer) “Covid-19: Many poor countries will see almost no vaccine next year, aid groups warn” Owen Dyer is a freelance journalist who has written news and features for newspapers and for medical journals including the BMJ and Canadian Medical Association Journal. He has no health-related investments, grants, or other competing interests. https://www.bmj.com/content/371/bmj.m4809 TR 8/26/21
The WTO Continues to block a push to waive patent right on covid-19
Blenkinsop 21 (Phillip Blekinsop) “Rich, developing nations wrangle over COVID vaccine patents” Phillip Blenkinsop is a writer for Reuters https://www.reuters.com/article/us-health-coronavirus-wto/rich-developing-nations-wrangle-over-covid-vaccine-patents-idUSKBN2B21V9 TR 8/26/21
The WTO should waive their patients on covid-19 vaccines because it would increase the number of people vaccinated and re-open economies
Bhalla 21 (Nita Bhalla) Africans slam rich nations for blocking access to generic COVID vaccines Nita Bhalla covers disasters and conflicts, development, womens rights, climate change and governance. https://www.reuters.com/article/us-health-coronavirus-africa-vaccines/africans-slam-rich-nations-for-blocking-access-to-generic-covid-vaccines-idUSKBN2B32P9 8/11/21 TR
There are 2 Major Impacts
First Access to vaccines reduces cases and deaths the U.S proves
Johnson and Stobbe 21 (Carla Johnson and Mike Stobbe) “Nearly all COVID deaths in US are now among unvaccinated” Carla K. Johnson (@CarlaKJohnson) is a medical writer at The Associated Press and has covered health and medicine since 2001. A former member of AHCJ's board of directors, she leads the Chicago AHCJ chapter. Mike Stobbe is a national medical correspondent for The Associated Press and is based in New York City. He covers the CDC and writes on a range of health and medical topics. He has a doctorate in public health policy and administration from the University of North Carolina. https://apnews.com/article/coronavirus-pandemic-health-941fcf43d9731c76c16e7354f5d5e187 TR 8/26/21
Secondly Re-opening economies is the up most importance to avoid further medical based deaths. Long term Economic recession causes thousands of deaths due to poor health systems Brazil proves
Hone et al 19 (Thomas Hone) “Effect of economic recession and impact of health and social protection expenditures on adult mortality: a longitudinal analysis of 5565 Brazilian municipalities” Correspondence to: Dr Thomas Hone, Public Health Policy Evaluation Unit, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London W6 8RP, UK https://www.thelancet.com/journals/langlo/article/PIIS2214-109X(19)30409-7/fulltext TR 8/26/21