Tournament: NA | Round: 1 | Opponent: NA | Judge: NA
1NC
Resolution: The member nations of the World Trade Organization ought to reduce intellectual property protections for medicines.
Value: Quality of Life
Value-Criteria: Teleology
Contention 1: Saving Lives
- Vaccination Distribution
- IPRs increase distribution
Hall 20, Bronwyn H. Hall, May 2020, National Bureau of Economic Research, “Patents, Innovation, and Development”, 9/1, https://www2.nber.org/system/files/working_papers/w27203/w27203.pdf, Professor University of California Berkeley, page 21.
"Turning to the diffusion of drugs that already exist in developed countries, the results are more positive. Cockburn, Lanjouw, and Schankerman (2016) examine 642 new drugs launched in 76 countries during the1983–2002 period..."
2. Application and Development
- IPRs help further innovation
D’Amato 2014, DAVID S. D’AMATO, May 28th, 2014, LIBERTARIAN, “Libertarians frequently disagree about the status of intellectual property. D’Amato explores the views of four major libertarian thinkers”, 9/1, https://www.libertarianism.org/columns/libertarian-views-intellectual-property-rothbard-tucker-spooner-rand, David S. D’Amato is an attorney, a regular opinion contributor at The Hill, and an expert policy advisor to the Future of Freedom Foundation and the Heartland Institute. His writing has appeared in Forbes, Newsweek, The American Spectator, the Washington Examiner, Investor’s Business Daily, The Daily Caller, RealClearPolicy, Townhall, CounterPunch, and many others, as well as at nonpartisan, nonpartisan policy organizations such as the American Institute for Economic Research, the Centre for Policy Studies, the Institute for Economic Affairs, the Foundation for Economic Education, and the Institute for Ethics and Emerging Technologies, among others. He earned a JD from New England School of Law and an LLM in Global Law and Technology from Suffolk University Law School. He lives and writes in Chicago.
"The work of individualist anarchist Lysander Spooner presents a stark and noteworthy contrast to that of Benjamin Tucker..."
- IPRs increase support for research
Graham et al. 10, Stuart J.H. Graham, Robert P. Merges,Pam Samuelson, and Ted Sichelman, 4/16/10 2:59 pm, Berkley, HIGH TECHNOLOGY ENTREPRENEURS AND THE PATENT SYSTEM: RESULTS OF THE 2008 BERKELEY PATENT SURVEY, 9/1, https://poseidon01.ssrn.com/delivery.php?ID=248031024064083081093117115066119101010040072058017034066064115120083089112082067066063000002000122001112002064109107080078092052047036085068085115100116084066024069084080026091008111116096001085103026118022111065024016092106092073087031028127087069andEXT=pdfandINDEX=TRUE, † Assistant Professor, Georgia Institute of Technology, College of Management and Affiliated Scholar, Berkeley Center for Law and Technology, University of California, Berkeley, School of Law. †† Wilson Sonsini Goodrich and Rosati Professor of Law and Technology, University of California, Berkeley, School of Law. ††† Richard M. Sherman Distinguished Professor of Law, University of California, Berkeley, School of Law. †††† Assistant Professor, University of San Diego, School of Law and Affiliated Scholar, Berkeley Center for Law and Technology, University of California, Berkeley, School of Law, page 1279.
"These inter-industry differences also persist among the venture-backed firms, where the incidence of holding patents is much higher and the origins of those patents are more varied..."
3. Counterfeit Medicine
- IPRs key to protection against counterfeit medicine
Ancevska-Netkovska et al 20, Katerina Ancevska-Netkovska, Katerina Brezovska, Nikola Geskovski, Jasmina Tonik-Ribarska, Biljana Petrovska-Jakimovska, Blagoj Achevski, Katerina Goracinova, 2020, Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, “The role of intellectual property rights and package safety features in the prevention of counterfeit medicines”, 9/1, https://scindeks-clanci.ceon.rs/data/pdf/0004-1963/2020/0004-19632006332A.pdf, Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University “Ss. Cyril and Methodius” Mother Teresa 17, 1000 Skopje, Republic of North Macedonia, Institute of Applied Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, University “Ss. Cyril and Methodius” Mother Teresa 17, 1000 Skopje, Republic of North Macedonia\ Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University “Ss. Cyril and Methodius” Mother Teresa 17, 1000 Skopje, Republic of North Macedonia, Alkaloid AD, Blvd. A. Makedonski 12, 1000 Skopje, Republic of North Macedonia, page 333.
"The fast growth of counterfeiting medicines in the last two decades has created one of the biggest problems facing the pharmaceutical industry on the global level. .."
- Counterfeit drugs have deadly consequences
Stuart et al 07, Terence P. Stewart, Esq., Elizabeth A. Argenti, Esq., Philip A. Butler, Esq., May 2007, Trade Lawyers Advisory Group, “THE CRISIS IN INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY PROTECTION AND CHINA'S ROLE IN THAT CRISIS”, 9/1, https://www.uscc.gov/sites/default/files/Research/Crisis20in20IP20Protection20and20China's20Role.pdf, Terence P. Stewart, Law Offices of Stewart and Stewart, page 12.
"While IP theft is truly a global problem, China is widely regarded as one of the worst offenders..."