Immaculate Heart Sanchez Neg
| Tournament | Round | Opponent | Judge | Cites | Round Report | Open Source | Edit/Delete |
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| Damus | 4 | Vestavia Hills DS | Joseph Barquin |
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| Damus | 1 | Marlborough VA | Leah Villanueva |
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| Damus | 5 | Harker PG | Diana Alvarez |
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| Glenbrooks | 2 | Vestavia Hills GJ | Sam Larson |
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| Glenbrooks | 6 | Westwood BJ | Akshay Manglik |
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| Glenbrooks | 3 | Harvard-Westlake AW | Colton Gilbert |
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| Greenhill | 2 | Strath Haven LP | Sam McLoughlin |
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| Greenhill | 4 | Westlake AK | Gordon Krauss |
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| Greenhill | 6 | Prospect ST | Serena Lu |
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| Harvard Westlake | 3 | Marlborough KM | Victoria Yonter |
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| Harvard Westlake | 2 | Apple Valley KW | Joseph Barquin |
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| Harvard Westlake | 5 | Harker SaSe | Leah Villanueva |
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| Heart of Texas | 1 | Westwood AG | Dillon Johnson |
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| Heart of Texas | 6 | Westlake MR | Vishan Chaudhary |
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| Heart of Texas | 3 | Loyola CM | Sam Larson |
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| Loyola | 1 | Malbrough JH | Asher Towner |
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| Loyola | 4 | Taft EL | Gordon Krauss |
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| Loyola | 6 | Dwight Englewood EK | Nathan Russell |
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| NA | 1 | NA | NA |
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| Nano Nagle Classic | 2 | Northern Valley HS Independent JS | Harris, Michael |
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| Nano Nagle Classic | 3 | Marlborough VA | Vishan Chaudhary |
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| Nano Nagle Classic | 5 | Marlborough AK | Joseph Barquin |
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| Palm Classic | 1 | Strake Jesuit JY | Gordon Krauss |
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| Palm Classic | 3 | Lake Highland Prep AV | John Boales |
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| Palm Classic | 5 | Harker AP | Ari Davidson |
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| Peninsula | 2 | Windward LP | Ronald Contreras |
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| Peninsula | 3 | Village RB | Leah Villanueva |
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| Peninsula | 6 | Vestavia Hills DS | Joseph Barquin |
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| The Longhorn Classic | 1 | American Heritage Broward Mason Cheng | Truman Le |
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| The Longhorn Classic | 4 | Westlake Alexandra Coulter | Collin Goemmer |
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| The Longhorn Classic | 5 | Langham Creek SB | Tej Gedela |
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| USC Trojan Invitational | 1 | Marlborough PP | Ben Cortez |
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| USC Trojan Invitational | 3 | Harvard-Westlake AL | Julian Kuffour |
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| USC Trojan Invitational | 5 | Marlborough TZ | Gordon Krauss |
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| Tournament | Round | Report |
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| Damus | 4 | Opponent: Vestavia Hills DS | Judge: Joseph Barquin AC-Kant AC |
| Damus | 1 | Opponent: Marlborough VA | Judge: Leah Villanueva AC-Incarcerated Workers |
| Damus | 5 | Opponent: Harker PG | Judge: Diana Alvarez AC-EU |
| Glenbrooks | 2 | Opponent: Vestavia Hills GJ | Judge: Sam Larson AC-Baudrillard |
| Glenbrooks | 6 | Opponent: Westwood BJ | Judge: Akshay Manglik AC- Egypt |
| Glenbrooks | 3 | Opponent: Harvard-Westlake AW | Judge: Colton Gilbert AC-US |
| Greenhill | 2 | Opponent: Strath Haven LP | Judge: Sam McLoughlin AC- Covid |
| Greenhill | 4 | Opponent: Westlake AK | Judge: Gordon Krauss AC- Beller |
| Greenhill | 6 | Opponent: Prospect ST | Judge: Serena Lu AC- Covid |
| Harvard Westlake | 3 | Opponent: Marlborough KM | Judge: Victoria Yonter AC-Global Commons |
| Harvard Westlake | 2 | Opponent: Apple Valley KW | Judge: Joseph Barquin AC-Auctions |
| Harvard Westlake | 5 | Opponent: Harker SaSe | Judge: Leah Villanueva AC- Space Mining |
| Heart of Texas | 1 | Opponent: Westwood AG | Judge: Dillon Johnson AC-Biocolonialsim |
| Heart of Texas | 6 | Opponent: Westlake MR | Judge: Vishan Chaudhary AC-Evergreening |
| Heart of Texas | 3 | Opponent: Loyola CM | Judge: Sam Larson AC- Waivers |
| Loyola | 1 | Opponent: Malbrough JH | Judge: Asher Towner AC- covid |
| Loyola | 4 | Opponent: Taft EL | Judge: Gordon Krauss AC-Covid |
| Loyola | 6 | Opponent: Dwight Englewood EK | Judge: Nathan Russell AC- Covid |
| Nano Nagle Classic | 2 | Opponent: Northern Valley HS Independent JS | Judge: Harris, Michael AC-Kant |
| Nano Nagle Classic | 3 | Opponent: Marlborough VA | Judge: Vishan Chaudhary AC- MSF AC |
| Nano Nagle Classic | 5 | Opponent: Marlborough AK | Judge: Joseph Barquin AC-Covid |
| Palm Classic | 1 | Opponent: Strake Jesuit JY | Judge: Gordon Krauss AC-Dual use |
| Palm Classic | 3 | Opponent: Lake Highland Prep AV | Judge: John Boales AC-Cap |
| Palm Classic | 5 | Opponent: Harker AP | Judge: Ari Davidson AC-Mining |
| Peninsula | 2 | Opponent: Windward LP | Judge: Ronald Contreras AC-Global Commons |
| Peninsula | 3 | Opponent: Village RB | Judge: Leah Villanueva AC-Setcol |
| Peninsula | 6 | Opponent: Vestavia Hills DS | Judge: Joseph Barquin AC-Queer |
| The Longhorn Classic | 1 | Opponent: American Heritage Broward Mason Cheng | Judge: Truman Le AC-China |
| The Longhorn Classic | 4 | Opponent: Westlake Alexandra Coulter | Judge: Collin Goemmer AC-Gender Cap |
| The Longhorn Classic | 5 | Opponent: Langham Creek SB | Judge: Tej Gedela AC-Structural Violence |
| USC Trojan Invitational | 1 | Opponent: Marlborough PP | Judge: Ben Cortez AC- Prisoners |
| USC Trojan Invitational | 3 | Opponent: Harvard-Westlake AL | Judge: Julian Kuffour AC- Inequality and Shutdown |
| USC Trojan Invitational | 5 | Opponent: Marlborough TZ | Judge: Gordon Krauss AC-Prisons |
To modify or delete round reports, edit the associated round.
Cites
| Entry | Date |
|---|---|
0-Contact infoTournament: NA | Round: 1 | Opponent: NA | Judge: NA | 2/13/22 |
1- DisclosureTournament: Damus | Round: 4 | Opponent: Vestavia Hills DS | Judge: Joseph Barquin Interpretation: Debaters must disclose all positions they have read full text on the 2021-2022 NDCA wiki.Violation: you didn’t, I have screenshotsNet benefits:EducationEvidence Quality – Disclosure creates a public information database which streamlines case writing and encourages debaters to find the best evidence on the topic.Nails 13 ~(Jacob, NDT Policy Debater at Georgia State University), "A Defense of Disclosure (Including Third Party Disclosure)", NSD Update, 10/10/2013~ DD Incentivizes Research – Disclosure allows debaters to craft specific responses to their opponent’s positions which promotes deep discussion.Nails 13 ~(Jacob, NDT Policy Debater at Georgia State University), "A Defense of Disclosure (Including Third Party Disclosure)", NSD Update, 10/10/2013~ DD Argument Responsibility – Disclosure discourages cheap shot strategies which rely on obfuscation to win rounds.Nails 13 ~(Jacob, NDT Policy Debater at Georgia State University), "A Defense of Disclosure (Including Third Party Disclosure)", NSD Update, 10/10/2013~ DD Evidence Ethics – Full text disclosure allows debaters to ensure that evidence has been accurately tagged and cut.====Tambe and Ghandra 14 ~(Arjun, ToC Quarterfinalist) and (Akhil, Three time ToC qualifier), "Evidence Ethics in LD Debate: A Proposal by Akhil Ghandra and Arjun Tambe", VBriefly, 10/24/2014~ DD AccessibilityResource Inequality – Full text disclosure puts everyone on an equal playing field by ensuring that debaters with fewer resources can still access evidence cut from expensive online libraries and databases.Prep Burden – Larger schools have the ability to scout more rounds at tournaments by virtue of the fact that they have larger teams and more connections on the circuit. Disclosure solves because it gives everyone access to the same intelligence.Voter: Fairness, Education1NC – Paradigm IssuesUse competing interpretations:Reasonability is arbitrary which invites judge intervention or random unjustified thresholds.Competing interpretations deters future abuse by creating consistent norms that debaters can be held to in the future.Reasonability causes a race to the bottom where debaters try to be as abusive as possible while still remaining reasonable, which increases abuse.Drop the debater: Drop all undisclosed arguments:Substance crowd out – Drop the debater crowds out substantive discussion, if the ballot is at stake debaters will go all in on theory. | 11/7/21 |
1- DisclosureTournament: Glenbrooks | Round: 2 | Opponent: Vestavia Hills GJ | Judge: Sam Larson 2 - New does not mean better: Your interp encourages debaters to try to win rounds with surprise strategies as opposed to well researched positions, which kills predictability and iterative content mastery. Vote on fairness because it is axiomatically necessary to determine the better debater over the better cheater Vote on education because it is the reason why schools fund debate Use competing interps: Drop the debater: | 11/20/21 |
1- FW-Util ShortTournament: The Longhorn Classic | Round: 4 | Opponent: Westlake Alexandra Coulter | Judge: Collin Goemmer The standard is maximizing expected wellbeingMoral uncertainty means preventing extinction should be our highest priority. | 12/4/21 |
1- New affs BadTournament: Harvard Westlake | Round: 2 | Opponent: Apple Valley KW | Judge: Joseph Barquin 1NC-OffInterpretation—: Debaters must disclose new affirmatives on the wiki 30 minutes before they are read in round- disclosure can occur on the wiki, over message or email.Violation—SS. Proves they didn’t
Net benefits -1 - Testing: There are hundreds of potential aff positions, disclosure of the aff directs pre-round prep which ensures the debate is about the substance of the position as opposed to generics, which is key to nuanced clash and in depth debate. Their interpretation forces the negative to read frivolous theory or kritiks with overly broad points of disagreement with the aff.2 - New does not mean better: Your interp encourages debaters to try to win rounds with surprise strategies as opposed to well researched positions, which kills predictability and iterative content mastery.Paradigm issues:Drop the debater – their abusive advocacy skewed the debate from the start – tournament rules says they should lose the roundCompeting interps – reasonability invites arbitrary judge intervention and a race to the bottom of questionable argumentationNo RVIs – fairness and education are a priori burdens – and encourages baiting – outweighs because if T is frivolous, they can beat it quicklyFairness is a voter ¬– necessary to determine the better debater | 1/17/22 |
JANFEB-CP-BroadbandTournament: Palm Classic | Round: 1 | Opponent: Strake Jesuit JY | Judge: Gordon Krauss 1NC –OffCP: The appropriation of outer space by private entities is unjust with the exception of Starlink.Satellites is key to rural broadband expansionWeinschenk 2/25 ~(Carl, IT and telecom journalist for Telecompetitor, Teleco Transformation, and IT Business Edge) "Report: Starlink Looks Very Promising for Rural Broadband," Telecompetitor, 2/25/2021~ JL AND wrote Sascha Segan, author of the PCMag article about Startlink rural speeds. Broadband is key to precision agriculture transitionABI 19 ~(American Broadband Initiative, a leading force in driving changes across Federal Agencies to identify and remove barriers to broadband access and leverage public assets and resources to expand our Nation’s broadband infrastructure capacity.) "A Case for Rural Broadband," The United States Department of Agriculture, 4/2019~ BC AND training resources and high-skilled labor that has not been previously available. Food insecurity causes state collapse, nuclear war, and terror – extinctionDeFeo 17 ~(Michael, Regional Organizing Director at Arizona Democratic Party who graduated in 2019 with a bachelor’s degree in political science from Gettysburg College) "Food Insecurity and the Threat to Global Stability and Security in the 21st Century" Inquires Journal, 2017~ BC AND to curb mass starvation and avoid the horrendous violence that consumes starving countries. | 2/12/22 |
JANFEB-CP-ConstellationTournament: Palm Classic | Round: 3 | Opponent: Lake Highland Prep AV | Judge: John Boales 1NC – OffCP: The appropriation of outer space is unjust with the exception of constellationDemocracy’s on the brink – control of information will determine its fateNye 18 ~(Joseph, Distinguished Visiting Fellow at the Hoover Institution, University Distinguished Service Professor Emeritus and former dean of Harvard’s Kennedy School of Government, PhD in political science from Harvard) "Protecting Democracy in an Era of Cyber Information War," Hoover Institution, 11/13/2018~ JL AND disruption and discrediting the democratic model. It successfully undercut American soft power. The aff flips that—-Constellations are key to democracy promotion – they put authoritarian leaders on the defensive – it’s perceptual and proven by opposition to satellitesSchwille 4/12 ~(Michael, senior policy analyst at RAND, research interest focuses on the integration of information into combined arms warfare, M.A. in international development studies from George Washington University) "Satellite Internet Services—Fostering the Dictator's Dilemma?" RAND Corporation, 4/12/2021~ JL AND using a method that clearly targets the vulnerabilities and sensitivities of authoritarian adversaries. Democracy solves warChristopher Kutz 16. PhD UC Berkeley, JD Yale, Professor, Boalt Hall School of Law @ UC Berkeley, Visiting Professor at Columbia and Stanford law schools, as well as at Sciences Po University. "Introduction: War, Politics, Democracy," in On War and Democracy, 1. AND energy with the wave of democratization at the end of the twentieth century. | 2/12/22 |
JANFEB-CP-Global CommonsTournament: Harvard Westlake | Round: 3 | Opponent: Marlborough KM | Judge: Victoria Yonter CP: Space-faring nations shouldEstablish a unified system of space traffic management modeled after the International Telecommunication UnionCollaborate on techniques to track and display the location of objects in real time and AI to automate debris-avoidance maneuversThe United States Federal Government should:Shift responsibility for the Space-Track catalogue to the civilian Department of Commerce, allocating necessary fundsNature 8/11 ~(Nature Editorial Board, peer-reviewed, comprises experimental scientists and data-standards experts from across different fields of science) "The world must cooperate to avoid a catastrophic space collision," Nature, 8/11/2021~ JL AND and capable of — managing the flow of space traffic is long overdue. | 1/16/22 |
JANFEB-CP-SetcolTournament: Peninsula | Round: 3 | Opponent: Village RB | Judge: Leah Villanueva CP: Space fairing states shouldTeach the history of colonial impacts and of indigenous people in academic institutionHave Space Agencies adopt approaches recommended in Ethical Exploration and the Role of Planetary Protection in Disrupting Colonial Practices involving opinions of indigenous peopleCreate policies to define sustainable space regulations for economic, social and environmental balance in outer spaceHave Civil Society Organizations with support go their governments should open discussions of human activity in space, specifically creating events for indigenous activistWood 20 ~(Danielle Wood, Assistant Professor of Media Arts and Sciences), "On Indigenous People’s Day, Let’s Commit to an Anticolonial Mindset on Earth and in Space", MIT Media Lab, https://www.media.mit.edu/posts/Anticolonial'Mindset'Earth'and'Space/, Oct. 13, 2020~ SS AND that fosters sustainability, equity and flourishing for both people and the environment. | 1/23/22 |
JANFEB-CP-Water MiningTournament: Palm Classic | Round: 3 | Opponent: Lake Highland Prep AV | Judge: John Boales 1NC – OffCP: The appropriation of outer space is unjust with the exception of space mining for water accessWater shortages coming soon – that causes hydro-political conflict escalation which goes nuclearJamail 19 ~(Dahr, writes for Truthout about climate change issues, recipient of the 2008 Martha Gellhorn Prize for Journalism, frequent guest on Democracy Now!) "The World Is on the Brink of Widespread Water Wars," Truth Out, 2/11/2019~ JL AND scenarios of water wars that could spark nuclear exchanges are now becoming possible. Asteroid mining solves water access – only NEOs are sufficiently proximate and hydrated – independently, storing launch fuel on asteroids reduces space debris – turns caseTillman 19 ~(Nola Taylor, has been published in Astronomy, Sky and Telescope, Scientific American, New Scientist, Science News (AAS), Space.com, and Astrobiology magazine, BA in Astrophysics) "Tons of Water in Asteroids Could Fuel Satellites, Space Exploration," Space, 9/29/2019~ JL AND and 'cost-effective' are defined by each company is to be seen." | 2/12/22 |
JANFEB-DA- TaiwanTournament: Palm Classic | Round: 1 | Opponent: Strake Jesuit JY | Judge: Gordon Krauss China’s capitalizing on US vulnerabilities and ramping up ASAT development now – that emboldens Xi to invade TaiwanChow and Kelley 8/21 ~(Brian G., policy analyst for the Institute of World Politics, Ph.D in physics from Case Western Reserve University, MBA and Ph.D in finance from the University of Michigan, and Brandon, graduate of Georgetown’s School of Foreign Service ) "China’s Anti-Satellite Weapons Could Conquer Taiwan—Or Start a War," National Review, 8/21/2021~ JL AND control to a full-scale conventional conflict or even to nuclear use. Starlink development solves – mega-constellations are unjammable and accurateHarris 20 ~(Mark, Knight Science Journalism Fellow at MIT in 2013, writes about technology, science, business, the environment, and travel, internally cites Todd Humphreys, Professor of Aerospace Engineering at UT Austin, and Peter Iannucci Postdoctoral Research Fellow in Aerospace Engineering and Engineering Mechanics at UT Austin) "SpaceX’s Starlink satellites could make US Army navigation hard to jam," MIT Technology Review, 9/28/2020~ JL AND Starlink’s satellites, it certainly is a fast, simple way to go." Extinction——Taiwan goes nuclearThe Week 1/4 ~(The Week Staff, weekly news magazine with editions in the United Kingdom and United States) "What would happen if China tried to invade Taiwan?" The Week Staff, 1/4/2022~ JL AND how the nuclear powers would square off in a 21st-century conflict. | 2/12/22 |
JANFEB-DA- TaiwanTournament: Palm Classic | Round: 1 | Opponent: Strake Jesuit JY | Judge: Gordon Krauss China’s capitalizing on US vulnerabilities and ramping up ASAT development now – that emboldens Xi to invade TaiwanChow and Kelley 8/21 ~(Brian G., policy analyst for the Institute of World Politics, Ph.D in physics from Case Western Reserve University, MBA and Ph.D in finance from the University of Michigan, and Brandon, graduate of Georgetown’s School of Foreign Service ) "China’s Anti-Satellite Weapons Could Conquer Taiwan—Or Start a War," National Review, 8/21/2021~ JL AND control to a full-scale conventional conflict or even to nuclear use. Starlink development solves – mega-constellations are unjammable and accurateHarris 20 ~(Mark, Knight Science Journalism Fellow at MIT in 2013, writes about technology, science, business, the environment, and travel, internally cites Todd Humphreys, Professor of Aerospace Engineering at UT Austin, and Peter Iannucci Postdoctoral Research Fellow in Aerospace Engineering and Engineering Mechanics at UT Austin) "SpaceX’s Starlink satellites could make US Army navigation hard to jam," MIT Technology Review, 9/28/2020~ JL AND Starlink’s satellites, it certainly is a fast, simple way to go." Extinction——Taiwan goes nuclearThe Week 1/4 ~(The Week Staff, weekly news magazine with editions in the United Kingdom and United States) "What would happen if China tried to invade Taiwan?" The Week Staff, 1/4/2022~ JL AND how the nuclear powers would square off in a 21st-century conflict. | 2/12/22 |
JANFEB-DA-Aesteroid MiningTournament: Harvard Westlake | Round: 3 | Opponent: Marlborough KM | Judge: Victoria Yonter Climate change makes water shortages inevitable – that causes hydro-political conflict escalation which goes nuclearJamail 19 ~(Dahr, writes for Truthout about climate change issues, recipient of the 2008 Martha Gellhorn Prize for Journalism, frequent guest on Democracy Now!) "The World Is on the Brink of Widespread Water Wars," Truth Out, 2/11/2019~ JL AND scenarios of water wars that could spark nuclear exchanges are now becoming possible. Asteroid mining solves water access – only NEOs are sufficiently proximate and hydrated – independently, storing launch fuel on asteroids reduces space debris – turns caseTillman 19 ~(Nola Taylor, has been published in Astronomy, Sky and Telescope, Scientific American, New Scientist, Science News (AAS), Space.com, and Astrobiology magazine, BA in Astrophysics) "Tons of Water in Asteroids Could Fuel Satellites, Space Exploration," Space, 9/29/2019~ JL AND and 'cost-effective' are defined by each company is to be seen." | 1/16/22 |
JANFEB-DA-XI LashoutTournament: Harvard Westlake | Round: 2 | Opponent: Apple Valley KW | Judge: Joseph Barquin Xi is consolidating unprecedented political power – that’s only possible with strong PLA supportChang 21 ~(Gordon, columnist, author and lawyer, has given briefings at the National Intelligence Council, the CIA, and the State Department, JD from Cornell Law School) "China Is Becoming a Military State," Newsweek, 1/14/2021~ JL AND his power," Burton says. "China is becoming a military state." The plan alienates the PLA – they view space dominance as the linchpin of China’s legitimacy – specifically, public-private tech development is keyEconomic Times 20 ~(Economic Times, Indian daily newspaper, internally cites Dean Cheng, Senior Research Fellow at the Heritage Foundation and the Davis Institute for National Security and Foreign Policy, former analyst in the International Security and Space Program at the Office of Technology Assessment, BA in Politics from Princeton University) "China attempting to militarize space as it seeks to modernize its military power," 8/31/2020~ JL AND space operations." The PLASSF Network Systems Department probably oversees satellite jamming operations. That factionalizes the CCP and emboldens challenges to Xi – the PLA is increasingly powerful and not unconditionally subservientSimpson 16 ~(Kurtis, Centre Director with Defence Research and Development Canada, has been conducting research on China’s leadership, Communist Party politics, the People’s Liberation Army and foreign policy for over 30 years,Master’s Degree and a Ph.D from York University, previously served as an intelligence analyst at the Privy Council Office and leader of the Asia Research Section at the Department of National Defence’s Chief Defence Intelligence (CDI) organization) "China’s Re-Emergence: Assessing Civilian-Military Relations In Contemporary Era – Analysis," Eurasia Review, 12/21/2016~ JL AND line for government largess, support for Xi could erode very quickly.29 CCP instability collapses the international order – extinctionPerkinson 12 ~(Jessica, MA in international affairs from American University) "The Potential for Instability in the PRC: How the Doomsday Theory Misses the Mark," American University School of International Service, 2012~ JL AND , particularly in a time of such uncertain economic conditions within the US. Independently, Xi will lash out to preserve cred in the SCS – US draw-in ensures extinctionMastro 20 ~(Oriana Skylar, Assistant Professor of Security Studies at Georgetown University's Edmund A. Walsh School of Foreign Service, Resident Scholar at the American Enterprise Institute) "Military Confrontation in the South China Sea," Council on Foreign Relations, 5/21/2020~ JL AND United States is distracted internally with managing the coronavirus pandemic or its aftermath. | 1/17/22 |
JANFEB-K-DualismTournament: Harvard Westlake | Round: 3 | Opponent: Marlborough KM | Judge: Victoria Yonter Their view of "junk" as a threat to techno-capital expansion is an attempt to bury their co-constitutive ecology. It is only the image of the objects of our accumulation remaining to haunt us.Ivakhiv 18 ~(Adrian, Professor of Environmental Thought and Culture at the University of Vermont) Shadowing the Anthropocene: Eco-Realism for Turbulent Times, 2018~ TDI AND the "thing-ism," about as far as it can go. The impact is a state of permanent war—their political discourses surrounding space make militarization inevitable and turns the case.Dickens and Ormrod 16 ~(Peter Dickens, Senior Research Associate in the Department of Sociology at the University of Cambridge, member of the Red-Green Study Group in London, James S Ormrod, Principal Lecturer in Sociology at the University of Brighton), "The Future of Outer Space", The Palgrave Handbook of Society, Culture and Outer Space~ TDI AND the possibilities (and limits) of military technology’ (p. 81). The alternative is to see that nature is us—recognizing the logic of the 1AC as the primary barrier to overcoming challenges to our environment and beyond.Baskin 15 ~(Jeremy, Senior Fellow at the Melbourne School of Government where he focuses on the legitimacy and accountability of knowledge) Paradigm Dressed as Epoch: The Ideology of the Anthropocene, 2015, Environmental Values~ TDI AND likely to be exercised in the interests of most of the world’s people. | 1/16/22 |
JANFEB-T-AppropriationTournament: Harvard Westlake | Round: 5 | Opponent: Harker SaSe | Judge: Leah Villanueva Interpretation: "Appropriation of outer space" by private entities refers to the exercise of exclusive control of space.TIMOTHY JUSTIN TRAPP, JD Candidate @ UIUC Law, ’13, TAKING UP SPACE BY ANY OTHER MEANS: COMING TO TERMS WITH THE NONAPPROPRIATION ARTICLE OF THE OUTER SPACE TREATY UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS LAW REVIEW ~Vol. 2013 No. 4~ AND the Bogotá Declaration were trying to accomplish, albeit through different means.219 Private appropriation of extracted space resources is distinct from appropriation "of" outer space. Despite longstanding permission of appropriation of extracted resources, sovereign claims are still universally prohibited.Abigail D. Pershing, J.D. Candidate @ Yale, B.A. UChicago,’19, "Interpreting the Outer Space Treaty's Non-Appropriation Principle: Customary International Law from 1967 to Today," Yale Journal of International Law 44, no. 1 AND -out allowing appropriation of space resources once such resources have been extracted. Violation: the aff only ends asteroid mining – that’s distinct from broadly banning sovereignty of outer spaceStandards:Limits – their interpretation means that affs about any outer space activity would be topical: mining, photography, sending rovers, collecting ice cores, launching satellites, deflecting debris, can’t sell rocks on EBAY, etc. This explodes neg prep burdens since outer space activity is so vague – no generics exist to answer both the photography and the rovers aff, so affs would just win with a tiny impact every roundGround – allowing debates about extracting any space resource denies the neg links to core generics like space democracy bad, space colonization good, the moon pic, the property rights NC, etc. – that kills clash by forcing negatives to the fringes of argumentation that disagree with everything and kills fairness by giving the aff a major prep advantage since they only need to frontline the few negative arguments that link to their aff.Paradigm issues:Drop the debater – their abusive advocacy skewed the debate from the startCompeting interps – reasonability invites arbitrary judge intervention and a race to the bottom of questionable argumentationNo RVIs – fairness and education are a priori burdens – and encourages baiting – outweighs because if T is frivolous, they can beat it quicklyFairness is a voter ¬– necessary to determine the better debater | 1/16/22 |
JANFEB-T-FrameworkTournament: Peninsula | Round: 3 | Opponent: Village RB | Judge: Leah Villanueva 1NC-OffInterpretation: the affrimative must defend a policy action‘Resolved’ preceding a colon indicates a legislative forum.Blanche Ellsworth 81, English professor at SFSU and M.A. in English from UC Berkeley, 1/1/1981, English Simplified, 4th Edition, cc AND . Resolved: That this committee go on record as favoring new legislation. Justice implies a desirable departure from the status quo – that means the aff must rectify an injust social interactionIHS n.d. ~(Institute for Humane Studies at George Mason University, non-profit organization that engages with students and professors) "What is Justice?"~ JL AND questions of justice always ask, "Who has a right to what?" Justice is a policy questionMerriam Webster ND ~(Mesrriam Webster) "Justice" https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/justice~~ BC Policy education – the only way to regulate private sector activity is through government policy – that kills real world education and skews topic lit which is in the context of implementationVote negative to preserve limits and equitable division of ground – the resolution is the most predictable stasis point for debates, anything outside of that ruins prep and clash by allowing the affirmative to pick any grounds for debate. That greenlights a race away from the core topic controversies that allow for robust contestation, which favors the aff by making neg ground inapplicable, susceptible to the perm, and concessionary. Two additional impacts:Accessibility – Cutting negs to every possible aff wrecks small schools, which has a disparate impact on under-resourced and minority debaters. Counter-interpretations are arbitrary, unpredictable, and don’t solve the world of neg prep because there’s no grounding in the resolutionLink turns their education offense – getting to the third and fourth level of tactical engagement is only possible with refined and well-researched positions connected to the resolutional mechanism. Repeated debates over core issues incentivize innovative argument production and improved advocacy based on feedback and nuanced responses from opponents.Prefer our impact: they’ve skewed the game which necessarily comes first because it makes evaluating the aff impossible. The role of individual debate rounds on broader subject formation is white noise – can you remember what happened in doubles of the Loyola tournament your junior year? – individual rounds don’t affect our subjectivity, so fairness is the only impact your ballot can resolve. You should presume all their truth claims false because they have not been properly testedThey can’t get offense: we don’t exclude them, only persuade you that our methodology is best. Every debate requires a winner and loser, so voting negative doesn’t reject them from debate, it just says they should make a better argument next time. | 1/23/22 |
JANFEB-T-UnjustTournament: Harvard Westlake | Round: 3 | Opponent: Marlborough KM | Judge: Victoria Yonter 1~ Interp – Unjust refers to a negative action – it means contrary.Black Laws No Date "What is Unjust?" https://thelawdictionary.org/unjust/ Elmer 2~ Violation – The Aff is a positive action – it creates a new concept for Space i.e. the treating of Space as a "Global Commons".3~ Standards –a~ Limits – making the topic bi-directional explodes predictability – it means that Aff’s can both increase non-exist property regimes in space AND decrease appropriation by private actors – makes the topic untenable.b~ Ground – wrecks Neg Generics – we can’t say appropriation good since the 1AC can create new views on Outer Space Property Rights that circumvent our Links since they can say "Global Commons" approach solves.4~ TVA – just defend that space appropriation is bad.a~ Topicality is Drop the Debater – it’s a fundamental baseline for debate-ability.b~ Use Competing Interps – 1~ Topicality is a yes/no question, you can’t be reasonably topical and 2~ Reasonability invites arbitrary judge intervention and a race to the bottom of questionable argumentation.c~ No RVI’s - 1~ Forces the 1NC to go all-in on Theory which kills substance education, 2~ Encourages Baiting since the 1AC will purposely be abusive, and 3~ Illogical – you shouldn’t win for not being abusive. | 1/16/22 |
JANFEB-Theory- SpecTournament: Palm Classic | Round: 5 | Opponent: Harker AP | Judge: Ari Davidson | 2/13/22 |
NOVDEC-CP-EU AdvantageTournament: Damus | Round: 5 | Opponent: Harker PG | Judge: Diana Alvarez 1NC - OffThe European Union should:Merge the position of President of the Commission with that of President of the European Council and publicize all declarations of candidacy and debates between candidatesMerge the position of President of the Eurogroup with that of Vice-President of the Commission to create a Minister of FinanceMandate biannual Interparliamentary ConferencesCreate a Eurozone subcommitteeAdopt a system of proportional representation for the European ParliamentSolves EU legitimacy — only the counterplan implements necessary reforms that solve a weak executive, infighting, and popular discontent AND avoids the link to democracy, no bearing on populist leaders.Chopin 16 ~(Thierry, Associate Professor at the European School of Political and Social Sciences, Assistant Director of the ESPOL-LAB Research Center, visiting Professor at the College of Europe (Bruges), teaches at Mines ParisTech, previously served as Head of Research at the Robert Schuman Foundation, a French Think-Tank on EU affairs based in Paris and Brussels, scientific advisor to the Strategic Analysis Center (Policy Planning Staff of the French Prime Minister) and advisor at the Policy Planning Staff of the French Ministry of Foreign Affairs, associate expert at the Center for International Studies of Sciences Po (CERI) and Visiting Fellow at the European Institute of the London School of Economics and Political Science (LSE), PhD in political science from the School for Advanced Studies in Social Sciences), "Euro zone, legitimacy and democracy: how do we solve the European democratic problem?," Robert Schuman Foundation, 4/4/2016~ JL AND ordinary revision procedure of the treaties (IGC preceded by a Convention). | 12/20/21 |
NOVDEC-CP-Egyptian PoliceTournament: Glenbrooks | Round: 6 | Opponent: Westwood BJ | Judge: Akshay Manglik CP:The Arab Republic of Egypt should recognize an unconditional right to strike for workers with the exception of law enforcement workersThe Arab Republic of Egypt should ban the right of law enforcement workers to strikeResistance against police brutality depletes police influence.Fadel 16 ~(Leila Fadel is a national correspondent for NPR based in Los Angeles, covering issues of culture, diversity, and race.), "In Egypt, Growing Discontent Over Abuses By Police" , NPR, https://www.npr.org/sections/parallels/2016/03/02/468923828/in-egypt-growing-discontent-over-abuses-by-police, March 2, 2016~ SS AND has promised to do the right thing. He will wait and see. But the plan reverses that— giving them the right to collectively bargain.Lopez 20 ~(Laura Barrón-López, is a White House Correspondent for POLITICO.), "Democrats’ Coming Civil War Over Police Unions" , POLITICO , https://www.politico.com/news/magazine/2020/10/14/police-reform-police-unions-qualified-immunity-democratic-party-420122, 10/14/2020~ SS AND standards through union contracts that some are now questioning or flat out opposing. Police unions are the root cause of police brutalityGreenhouse 20 ~(Steven Greenhouse, reporter at the New York Times for thirty-one years; he covered labor and workplace matters there for nineteen. He is the author of "Beaten Down, Worked Up: The Past, Present, and Future of American Labor"), "How Police Unions Enable and Conceal Abuses of Power", The New Yorker , https://www.newyorker.com/news/news-desk/how-police-union-power-helped-increase-abuses, June 18, 2020 ~ SS AND insulated police officers from accountability, and that predictably can increase the problem." Allows for some of the worst human right violations and endless suffering of its citizensFarid 15 ~(Farid Farid, Cairo), "Police brutality thrives in Egypt", DW, https://www.dw.com/en/police-brutality-thrives-in-egypt/a-18663410, 21.08.2015~ SS AND seek comment on this case and other abuses, but to no avail. | 12/21/21 |
NOVDEC-CP-PoliceTournament: Glenbrooks | Round: 3 | Opponent: Harvard-Westlake AW | Judge: Colton Gilbert 1NC- OffCP: The United States should recognize an unconditional right to strike for worker with the exception of law enforcementCurrent criminal justice reform depletes police unions influence.Willis 20 ~(Jay Willis, senior contributor at The Appeal.) ," POLICE UNIONS ARE LOSING THE WAR ON CRIMINAL JUSTICE REFORM" ,The Appeal , https://theappeal.org/police-unions-are-losing-the-war-on-criminal-justice-reform/, Nov 10, 2020~ SS AND on beneficiaries of their largesse to pretend that these failures do not exist. But the plan reverses that— giving them the right to collectively bargain.Lopez 20 ~(Laura Barrón-López, is a White House Correspondent for POLITICO.), "Democrats’ Coming Civil War Over Police Unions" , POLITICO , https://www.politico.com/news/magazine/2020/10/14/police-reform-police-unions-qualified-immunity-democratic-party-420122, 10/14/2020~ SS AND standards through union contracts that some are now questioning or flat out opposing. Police unions are the root cause of police brutalityGreenhouse 20 ~(Steven Greenhouse, reporter at the New York Times for thirty-one years; he covered labor and workplace matters there for nineteen. He is the author of "Beaten Down, Worked Up: The Past, Present, and Future of American Labor"), "How Police Unions Enable and Conceal Abuses of Power", The New Yorker , https://www.newyorker.com/news/news-desk/how-police-union-power-helped-increase-abuses, June 18, 2020 ~ SS AND policemen and militiamen are often controlled by forces inimical to the labor movement." ====Police brutality is racialized structural violence that has an inter-generational impact on communities of color ==== AND Legal Definition of unconditional
Which means no exceptionsVocabulary.com ND ~(Vocabulary.com, Inc., a division of IXL Learning), "unconditional" https://www.vocabulary.com/dictionary/unconditional~~ SS Prefer – their interp gets rid of all PICs which are key to test affs about a multitude of countries and types of strikes. It also justifies a no link to every DA because the aff can always say they don’t recognize ~x~ workers in ~y~ circumstance. | 12/21/21 |
NOVDEC-CP-WarmingTournament: Glenbrooks | Round: 3 | Opponent: Harvard-Westlake AW | Judge: Colton Gilbert CP: The United States shouldImplement a carbon taxAdopt a clean energy standardIncrease tax incentives for electric vehiclesTighten industrial efficiency standardsAdopt stricter building codes and methane rulesPhase out HFCsSolves warming – all of these policies are proven to workPlumer 19 ~(Brad, climate reporter specializing in policy and technology efforts to cut carbon dioxide emissions. He has also covered international climate talks and the changing energy landscape in the United States), "How to Cut U.S. Emissions Faster? Do What These Countries Are Doing," New York Times, 2/13/2019~ JL AND this policy would reduce emissions from fluorinated gases by 96 percent by 2050. | 12/21/21 |
NOVDEC-DA-Business ConfidenceTournament: Damus | Round: 5 | Opponent: Harker PG | Judge: Diana Alvarez 1NC - OffBusiness Confidence is high now – best surveys.ICAEW 8-20 8-20-2021 "Business confidence remains at record high as economy gets sales boost" https://www.icaew.com/about-icaew/news/press-release-archive/2021-news-releases/business-confidence-remains-at-record-high-as-economy-gets-sales-boost (Institute of Chartered Accountants in England and Wales)Elmer AND , but finances are fragile and any additional costs could threaten the recovery." Specifically, EU business confidence is high now and increasing.CEIC 21, ~CEIC 2021 updated monthly "EU Business Confidence Growth, 1986 – 2021," CEIC, https://www.ceicdata.com/en/indicator/european-union/business-confidence-growth~~ Adam AND Union's Business Confidence Growth from Jan 1986 to Sep 2021 in the chart: Corporate optimism, specifically investment, drives self-sustaining recovery.Van der Welle 7-7 Peter Van der Welle 7-7-2021 "How capex holds the key to a self-sustaining economic recovery" https://www.robeco.com/latam/en/insights/2021/07/how-capex-holds-the-key-to-a-self-sustaining-economic-recovery.html (Strategist within the Global Macro team, M.A. in Economics from Tilburg University)Elmer AND labor costs, and that means profit margins can stay elevated for longer. Business confidence is the best indicator for growth.Khan 20, Hashmat, and Santosh Upadhayaya. "Does business confidence matter for investment?." Empirical Economics 59.4 (2020): 1633-1665. (Economics Professor at Carleton University)Elmer AND –4-quarter forecast horizons, controlling for other predictors of downturns. Economic decline causes global nuclear warTønnesson 15 ~(Stein, Research Professor, Peace Research Institute Oslo; Leader of East Asia Peace program, Uppsala University) "Deterrence, interdependence and Sino–US peace," International Area Studies Review, Vol. 18, No. 3, p. 297-311, 2015~ SJDI AND to involve employees in mapping out the solutions to each work environment challenge. Nuclear war causes extinction – famine and climate changeStarr 15 ~(Steven, Director of the University of Missouri’s Clinical Laboratory Science Program and a senior scientist at the Physicians for Social Responsibility) "Nuclear War, Nuclear Winter, and Human Extinction," Federation of American Scientists, 10/14/2015~ DD While it is impossible to precisely predict all the human impacts that would result AND few remaining survivors be able to survive in a radioactive, toxic environment? | 12/20/21 |
NOVDEC-K-AbolitionistTournament: USC Trojan Invitational | Round: 1 | Opponent: Marlborough PP | Judge: Ben Cortez 1NC – KThe affirmative’s faith in reform of the US carceral regime legitimizes and strengthens a fundamentally violent and racialized paradigm of social controlRoberts 19 (Dorothy E. Roberts — George A. Weiss University Professor of Law and Sociology + University of Pennsylvania; Raymond Pace and Sadie Tanner Mossell Alexander Professor of Civil Rights + University of Pennsylvania Law School; Professor of Africana Studies and Professor of Sociology + University of Pennsylvania School of Arts and Sciences, "The Supreme Court 2018 Term", "Foreword: Abolition Constitutionalism", Number I, Volum 133, November 2019, pgs. 12-40) AND eradicate prisons by addressing these needs and problems in radically different ways.264 Maintaining the prison system inevitabilizes racialized violence, this outweighs any attempt of a reform that the affirmative attempts to enact because they are embedded in the logic of carcereality.McLeod 15 (Allegra M. McLeod — Georgetown University Law Center, "Prison Abolition and Grounded Justice", https://scholarship.law.georgetown.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=2502andcontext=facpub, UCLA Law Review, Pgs. 1185-1199) AND approaches that might achieve similar ends with less racially encumbered and violent consequences. The alternative is an abolitionist politics that prioritizes rebuilding the communities that have been victimized by the Prison Industrial ComplexRoberts 17 ~(Dorothy E., an acclaimed scholar of race, gender and the law, joined the University of Pennsylvania as its 14th Penn Integrates Knowledge Professor with joint appointments in the Departments of Africana Studies and Sociology and the Law School where she holds the inaugural Raymond Pace and Sadie Tanner Mossell Alexander chair. She is also founding director of the Penn Program on Race, Science and Society in the Center for Africana Studies.) "DEMOCRATIZING CRIMINAL LAW AS AN ABOLITIONIST PROJECT," Scholarly Commons North Western, 2017. https://scholarlycommons.law.northwestern.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?referer=andhttpsredir=1andarticle=1300andcontext=nulr~~ RR AND see this violence as necessary to protect their own privileged racial status.41 Links:In CX they concede they don’t abolish the prison systems means the mistreatement of POC is inevitableTheyre own ev says it leads to saftey of the insitution and never gets rid of itHarvard Law Review, 19 - ("Striking the Right Balance: Toward a Better Understanding of Prison Strikes," Harvard Law Review 03/8/2019, accessed 10-28-2021, https://harvardlawreview.org/2019/03/striking-the-right-balance-toward-a-better-understanding-of-prison-strikes/)//ML AND of safety-valve for peaceful, rather than violent, change"160 | 12/11/21 |
NOVDEC-T-ATournament: Damus | Round: 1 | Opponent: Marlborough VA | Judge: Leah Villanueva Interpretation: the affirmative may not spec a democracy1~ The letter "A" is an indefinite article that modifies "just government" – the resolution must be proven true in all instances, not one particular instanceCCC ND Capital Community College ~a nonprofit 501 c-3 organization that supports scholarships, faculty development, and curriculum innovation~, "Articles, Determiners, and Quantifiers", http://grammar.ccc.commnet.edu/grammar/determiners/determiners.htm~~#articles AG AND the former (see beagle sentence) refers to all members of that class 2~ Government is an indefinite singular– the aff may not defend a specific set of governmentsNebel 20 ~Jake Nebel is an assistant professor of philosophy at the University of Southern California and executive director of Victory Briefs. He writes a lot of this stuff lol – duh.~ "Indefinite Singular Generics in Debate" Victory Briefs, 19 Sept 2020. no url AG AND This suggests that "a democracy" in the resolution is not existential. Violation – they only defend the United StatesVote neg:Standards:Limits – there are 195 affs accounting for hundreds of governments— unlimited topics incentivize obscure affs that negs won’t have prep on – limits are key to reciprocal prep burden – potential abuse doesn’t justify foregoing the topic and 1AR theory checks PICs.Banerjee 4/12 ~(Vasabjit Banerjee, Assistant Professor of Political Science, Mississippi State University),"How many states and provinces are in the world?" , The Conversation, https://theconversation.com/how-many-states-and-provinces-are-in-the-world-157847, April 12, 2021~ SS AND Zambia has provinces, and Japan has prefectures – among many other names. Ground – spec guts core generics like the econ DA which rely on all governments having the unconditional right to strike because individual governments don’t have an impact on the global economy as a whole – also means there is no universal DA to spec affsTVA solves – read as an advantage to whole rezParadigm issues: c/a | 12/20/21 |
NOVDEC-T-JustTournament: Damus | Round: 1 | Opponent: Marlborough VA | Judge: Leah Villanueva Interpretation: the affirmative must defend a just governments ought to recognize an unconditional right to strikeJust means fair or morally correctCambridge Dictionary ND ~(Cambridge University, Press 2021), "Just" https://dictionary.cambridge.org/us/dictionary/english/just~~ SS Violation: The United states is not justEdwards 19 ~(Frank Edwards, school of Criminal Justice, Rutgers University, Newark, NJ 0710), (Hedwig Lee, Department of Sociology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63130 AND evaluation of the magnitude of exposure to police violence over the life course. Vote neg:Limits – there are 195 affs accounting for hundreds of governments— unlimited topics incentivize obscure affs that negs won’t have prep on – limits are key to reciprocal prep burden – potential abuse doesn’t justify foregoing the topic and 1AR theory checks PICs.Banerjee 4/12 ~(Vasabjit Banerjee, Assistant Professor of Political Science, Mississippi State University),"How many states and provinces are in the world?" , The Conversation, https://theconversation.com/how-many-states-and-provinces-are-in-the-world-157847, April 12, 2021~ SS AND Zambia has provinces, and Japan has prefectures – among many other names. Ground – their interp skirts links to core negative generics like strikes bad, Econ DA, infrastructure DA, Teachers DA, Cap K, and Set Col which prohibits rigorous testing and makes it impossible to be negTopic ed: The only way to check which governments can be used is through modifiers and discarding them takes the cap off and explodes the topics, striving away from the focal part of the debate being whether a just government would have an unconditional right to strikeParadigm issues: c/a | 12/20/21 |
NOVDEC-T-Nebel WorkersTournament: Damus | Round: 1 | Opponent: Marlborough VA | Judge: Leah Villanueva T-NebelInterpretation: workers are a generic bare plural. The aff may not defend that A just government should recognize an unconditional right to strike for a subset of workers.Nebel 19 Jake Nebel ~Jake Nebel is an assistant professor of philosophy at the University of Southern California and executive director of Victory Briefs.~ , 8-12-2019, "Genericity on the Standardized Tests Resolution," Briefly, https://www.vbriefly.com/2019/08/12/genericity-on-the-standardized-tests-resolution/ SM AND -value meaning and standard expectations about what LD resolutions tend to mean. It applies to workers:Upward entailment test – spec fails the upward entailment test because saying that governments ought to recognize a right for one type of workers does not entail that those governments ought to recognize the right for all workersAdverb test – adding "usually" to the res doesn’t substantially change its meaning because a recognition is universal and permanentVote neg:Semantics outweigh:T is a constitutive rule of the activity and a basic aff burden – they agreed to debate the topic when they came hereJurisdiction – you can’t vote aff if they haven’t affirmed the resolutionIt’s the only stasis point we know before the round so it controls the internal link to engagement – there’s no way to use ground if debaters aren’t prepared to defend itLimits – there are countless affs accounting for thousands of types of workers– unlimited topics incentivize obscure affs that negs won’t have prep on – limits are key to reciprocal prep burden – potential abuse doesn’t justify foregoing the topic and 1AR theory checks PICsGround – spec guts core generics like the cap K or the econ DA that rely on recognizing rights for all workers because individual jobs don’t affect the economy broadly – also means there is no universal DA to spec affsTVA solves – read as an advantage to whole rezParadigm issues:Drop the debater – their abusive advocacy skewed the debate from the startComes before 1AR theory – NC abuse is responsive to them not being topicalCompeting interps – reasonability invites arbitrary judge intervention and a race to the bottom of questionable argumentationNo RVIs – fairness and education are a priori burdens – and encourages baiting – outweighs because if T is frivolous, they can beat it quicklyFairness is a voter ¬– necessary to determine the better debaterEducation is a voter – why schools fund debate | 12/20/21 |
NOVDEC-T-WorkersTournament: USC Trojan Invitational | Round: 1 | Opponent: Marlborough PP | Judge: Ben Cortez 1NC-OffInterpretation: A worker is an employee that works under a contract for employment voluntarily and for remunerationQuest n.d. ~(Quest, based in Leicestershire, but covering the whole of the UK, is a specialist and training solutions, delivering bespoke professional services with resounding results. With over two decades of experience, Quest make it their responsibility to fully understand your specific needs before personalising a tailored solution to ensure that your HR, Health and Safety and training solution complements your business plan and achieves your goals.) "Employees and Workers: The Difference Between a Worker and an Employee" Quest. N.d.~ AW AND Services and such workers are often referred to as non-employee workers. Workers are employees or individuals with an independently established tradeKuykendall and Vierra 10/21 ~(Dale R., a Principal in the Sacramento, California, office of Jackson Lewis P.C. His practice focuses on advising and counseling employers in the hiring, supervision and termination of employees.) (Sierra, an Associate in the Sacramento, California, office of Jackson Lewis P.C. She represents management in civil litigation and administrative proceedings involving employment law matters, including discrimination, harassment, retaliation, wrongful termination, benefits, and a wide range of wage and hour issues. She litigates in federal and state courts, including class and representative actions, and represents employers in administrative proceedings. She also provides preventive advice and counsel on best practices.) "AB 5 Past and Present – What You Need to Know," The National Law Review, 10/21/21. https://www.natlawreview.com/article/ab-5-past-and-present-what-you-need-to-know~~ RR AND , or unless one of the exemptions established by AB 5 is satisfied. Violation: Prisons don’t have employment contracts—they do not work in a labor market through free contractZatz 13 ~(Noah, Professor of Law at UCLA) "Employment Without Contract? Prison Laborers as Statutory Employees" Paper presented at the annual meeting of the The Law and Society Association 2013-12-16~ AT AND of constituting and bounding "the market" as a distinct social field. ====Courts agree==== Prisoners laborers can be forced to work without remediationMcGrew and Hanks 17 ~(Annie, a special assistant for Economic Policy at the Center for American Progress.) (Angela, the Associate Director for Workforce Development Policy on the Economic Policy team at the Center for American Progress.) "It’s Time to Stop Using Inmates for Free Labor," Talk Poverty, 10/20/17. https://talkpoverty.org/2017/10/20/want-prison-feel-less-like-slavery-pay-inmates-work/~~ RR AND incarcerated, and the vast majority only make a few cents per hour. Standards:1~ Limits— Their interpretation allows for the slavery, child labor, and indentured servants aff—a~ incentivizes running to the margins in order to cut fringe affs which destroys iterative content mastery which is key to education. B~ explodes the negs prep burden to prep for hundreds amounts of affs due to different types forced labor laws.2~ Ground— all the neg can say against the aff is exploitation good—we loose core generics like the Econ DA and Kant NC which assume workers who are formally employed and use strikes to facilitate collective bargaining.3~ TVA solves— read as an advantage to a US specific aff.Paradigm issues:Drop the debater – their abusive advocacy skewed the debate from the startComes before 1AR theory – NC abuse is responsive to them not being topicalCompeting interps – reasonability invites arbitrary judge intervention and a race to the bottom of questionable argumentationNo RVIs – fairness and education are a priori burdens – and encourages baiting – outweighs because if T is frivolous, they can beat it quicklyFairness is a voter ¬– necessary to determine the better debaterEducation is a voter – why schools fund debate | 12/11/21 |
SEPCOT-DA-InnovationTournament: Nano Nagle Classic | Round: 3 | Opponent: Marlborough VA | Judge: Vishan Chaudhary 1NC – OffBiotech industry strong nowCancherini et al. 4/30 ~(Laura, Engagement Manager @ McKinsey and Company, Joseph Lydon, Associate Partner @ McKinsey and Company, Jorge Santos Da Silva, Senior Partner at McKinsey and Company, and Alexandra Zemp, Partner at McKinsey and Company), "What’s ahead for biotech: Another wave or low tide?", McKinsey and Company, 4-30-2021, https://www.mckinsey.com/industries/pharmaceuticals-and-medical-products/our-insights/whats-ahead-for-biotech-another-wave-or-low-tide~~ TDI AND access to capital and leaves it with more scope to concentrate on science. Lack of IP protection makes medical innovation prohibitively risky and expensiveGrabowski et al 15 ~(Henry, Professor of Economics, member of the faculty for the Health Sector Management Program, and Director of the Program in Pharmaceuticals and Health Economics at Duke University) "The Roles of Patents and Research And Development Incentives In Biopharmaceutical Innovation," Health Affairs, 2/2015~ JL AND protection plays a key role in funding and partnership opportunities for such firms. MRNA solves a litany of diseases, but continued innovation is keyGupta 5/7 ~(Swati, vice president and head of emerging infectious diseases and scientific strategy at IAVI, a nonprofit scientific research organization that develops vaccines and antibodies for HIV, tuberculosis, emerging infectious diseases (including COVID-19) and neglected diseases, PhD and MPH from Yale University) "The Application and Future Potential of mRNA Vaccines," Yale School of Public Health, 5/7/2021~ JL AND , but more likely to be a reality in the very near future. Sets a precedent that spills over to all future diseases – Hopkins 21:Jared S. Hopkins ~{Jared S. Hopkins is a New York-based reporter for The Wall Street Journal covering the pharmaceutical industry, including companies such as Pfizer Inc. and Merck and Co. He previously was a health-care reporter at Bloomberg News and an investigative reporter at the Chicago Tribune. Jared started his career at The Times-News in Twin Falls, Idaho covering politics. In 2014, he was a finalist for the Livingston Award For Young Journalists for an investigation into charities founded by professional athletes. In 2011, he was a finalist for the Pulitzer Prize in Investigative Reporting for a series about neglect at a residential facility for disabled kids. Jared graduated from the Merrill College of Journalism at the University of Maryland-College Park with a bachelor's degree in journalism~}, 21 - ("U.S. Support for Patent Waiver Unlikely to Cost Covid-19 Vaccine Makers in Short Term ," WSJ, 5-7-2021, https://www.wsj.com/articles/u-s-support-for-patent-waiver-unlikely-to-cost-covid-19-vaccine-makers-in-short-term-11620414260)//marlborough-wr/ AND who advises drugmakers. "Other than that, this is largely symbolic." Extinction– defense is wrongPiers Millett 17, Consultant for the World Health Organization, PhD in International Relations and Affairs, University of Bradford, Andrew Snyder-Beattie, "Existential Risk and Cost-Effective Biosecurity", Health Security, Vol 15(4), http://online.liebertpub.com/doi/pdfplus/10.1089/hs.2017.0028 AND , and available vectors, could be modified as well.19-2 | 10/9/21 |
SEPOCT- CP- Consult WHOTournament: Loyola | Round: 1 | Opponent: Malbrough JH | Judge: Asher Towner WHO is critical to disease prevention – it is the only international institution that can disperse information, standardize global public health, and facilitate public-private cooperation | 9/4/21 |
SEPOCT- CP- Consult WHO v2Tournament: Greenhill | Round: 2 | Opponent: Strath Haven LP | Judge: Sam McLoughlin 1NC – OffCP: Member nations of the World Trade Organization should enter into a prior and binding consultation with the World Health Organization over reducing intellectual property protections for COVID-19 medicines. Member nations will support the proposal and adopt the results of consultation.WHO says yesKimball 5/7 ~(Spencer, news editor with CNBC.com) "WHO chief urges world to follow U.S. lead and support waiving Covid vaccine patent protections," CNBC, 5/7/2021~ JL AND U.S. and we urge other countries to follow their example." Consultation displays strong leadership, authority, and cohesion among member states which are key to WTO legitimacyGostin et al 15 ~(Lawrence O., Linda D. and Timothy J. O’Neill Professor of Global Health Law at Georgetown University, Faculty Director of the O’Neill Institute for National and Global Health Law, Director of the World Health Organization Collaborating Center on Public Health Law and Human Rights, JD from Duke University) "The Normative Authority of the World Health Organization," Georgetown University Law Center, 5/2/2015~ JL AND Organization generously, grant it authority and flexibility, and hold it accountable. Solves Aff- WHO is critical to disease prevention – it is the only international institution that can disperse information, standardize global public health, and facilitate public-private cooperationMurtugudde 20 ~(Raghu, professor of atmospheric and oceanic science at the University of Maryland, PhD in mechanical engineering from Columbia University) "Why We Need the World Health Organization Now More Than Ever," Science, 4/19/2020~ JL AND and trade restrictions. WHO coordinates and helps build capacity to implement IHR. WHO diplomacy solves great power conflictMurphy 20 ~(Chris, U.S. senator from Connecticut serving on the U.S. Senate Foreign Relations Committee) "The Answer is to Empower, Not Attack, the World Health Organization," War on the Rocks, 4/21/2020~ JL AND international anti-pandemic infrastructure without the World Health Organization at the center. | 9/18/21 |
SEPOCT- CP- Consult WHO v3Tournament: Heart of Texas | Round: 3 | Opponent: Loyola CM | Judge: Sam Larson CP: Member nations of the World Trade Organization should enter into a prior and binding consultation with the World Health Organization over reducing intellectual property protections for vaccines. Member nations will support the proposal and adopt the results of consultation.WHO says yesKimball 5/7 ~(Spencer, news editor with CNBC.com) "WHO chief urges world to follow U.S. lead and support waiving Covid vaccine patent protections," CNBC, 5/7/2021~ JL AND U.S. and we urge other countries to follow their example." Consultation displays strong leadership, authority, and cohesion among member states which are key to WTO legitimacyGostin et al 15 ~(Lawrence O., Linda D. and Timothy J. O’Neill Professor of Global Health Law at Georgetown University, Faculty Director of the O’Neill Institute for National and Global Health Law, Director of the World Health Organization Collaborating Center on Public Health Law and Human Rights, JD from Duke University) "The Normative Authority of the World Health Organization," Georgetown University Law Center, 5/2/2015~ JL AND Organization generously, grant it authority and flexibility, and hold it accountable. WHO is critical to disease prevention – it is the only international institution that can disperse information, standardize global public health, and facilitate public-private cooperationMurtugudde 20 ~(Raghu, professor of atmospheric and oceanic science at the University of Maryland, PhD in mechanical engineering from Columbia University) "Why We Need the World Health Organization Now More Than Ever," Science, 4/19/2020~ JL AND and trade restrictions. WHO coordinates and helps build capacity to implement IHR. Extinction – defense is wrongPiers Millett 17, Consultant for the World Health Organization, PhD in International Relations and Affairs, University of Bradford, Andrew Snyder-Beattie, "Existential Risk and Cost-Effective Biosecurity", Health Security, Vol 15(4), http://online.liebertpub.com/doi/pdfplus/10.1089/hs.2017.0028 AND , and available vectors, could be modified as well.19-2 WHO diplomacy solves great power conflictMurphy 20 ~(Chris, U.S. senator from Connecticut serving on the U.S. Senate Foreign Relations Committee) "The Answer is to Empower, Not Attack, the World Health Organization," War on the Rocks, 4/21/2020~ JL AND international anti-pandemic infrastructure without the World Health Organization at the center. | 12/16/21 |
SEPOCT- CP- Consult WHO v4Tournament: Heart of Texas | Round: 6 | Opponent: Westlake MR | Judge: Vishan Chaudhary 1NC – OffCP: Member nations of the World Trade Organization should enter into a prior and binding consultation with the World Health Organization over reducing intellectual property protections by implementing a one-and-done approach for patent protection s. Member nations will support the proposal and adopt the results of consultation.WHO says yesIt supports increasing the availability of genericsHoen 03 ~(Ellen T., researcher at the University Medical Centre at the University of Groningen, The Netherlands who has been listed as one of the 50 most influential people in intellectual property by the journal Managing Intellectual Property, PhD from the University of Groningen) "TRIPS, Pharmaceutical Patents and Access to Essential Medicines: Seattle, Doha and Beyond," Chicago Journal of International Law, 2003~ JL AND to drugs, local manufacturing capacity, and the development of new drugs. It’s outspoken against evergreeningWHO 06 ~(World Health Organization, specialized agency of the United Nations responsible for international public health) "Public health, innovation and intellectual property rights," Report of the Commission on Intellectual Property Rights, Innovation, and Public Health, 2006~ JL AND or suppression of competition and, in some cases higher prices for patients. Consultation displays strong leadership, authority, and cohesion among member states which are key to WTO legitimacyGostin et al 15 ~(Lawrence O., Linda D. and Timothy J. O’Neill Professor of Global Health Law at Georgetown University, Faculty Director of the O’Neill Institute for National and Global Health Law, Director of the World Health Organization Collaborating Center on Public Health Law and Human Rights, JD from Duke University) "The Normative Authority of the World Health Organization," Georgetown University Law Center, 5/2/2015~ JL AND Organization generously, grant it authority and flexibility, and hold it accountable. WHO is critical to disease prevention – it is the only international institution that can disperse information, standardize global public health, and facilitate public-private cooperationMurtugudde 20 ~(Raghu, professor of atmospheric and oceanic science at the University of Maryland, PhD in mechanical engineering from Columbia University) "Why We Need the World Health Organization Now More Than Ever," Science, 4/19/2020~ JL AND and trade restrictions. WHO coordinates and helps build capacity to implement IHR. WHO diplomacy solves great power conflictMurphy 20 ~(Chris, U.S. senator from Connecticut serving on the U.S. Senate Foreign Relations Committee) "The Answer is to Empower, Not Attack, the World Health Organization," War on the Rocks, 4/21/2020~ JL AND international anti-pandemic infrastructure without the World Health Organization at the center. | 10/17/21 |
SEPOCT- T- MedicineTournament: Heart of Texas | Round: 3 | Opponent: Loyola CM | Judge: Sam Larson Interpretation – topical affs must defend a reduction of intellectual property protections for medicines.Violation – they reduce IP protections on vaccines which is categorically distinctMedicines are drugsSenate Journal 12 ~(SENATE JOURNAL STATE OF ILLINOIS )"NINETY-SEVENTH GENERAL ASSEMBLY 92ND LEGISLATIVE DAY", https://www.ilga.gov/senate/journals/97/2012/SJ097092R.pdf, MARCH 8, 2012~ SS Vaccines are not drugsHe et al 12 ~(Yongqun, Professor of Microbiology and Immunology at the University of Michigan Medical School, primary bioinformatics interests are development of biomedical ontologies and their applications in literature mining, Bayesian network modeling, microbial genomics, and vaccine informatics)"A 2012 Workshop: Vaccine and Drug Ontology in the Study of Mechanism and Effect," Journal of Biomedical Semantics, 12/18/2012~ JL AND which we can build comparative and predictive systems for both vaccines and drugs. Prefer –Limits – allowing non medicines explodes limits to include affs that defend reducing protections for surgeries, therapy, injury prevention, cosmetic procedures, etc. - makes neg prep impossible because the case neg to the Botox and Laser Eye Surgery affs would have no overlap — privileges the aff by stretching pre-tournament neg prep too thin and precluding nuanced rigorous testing of aff.Ground – arbitrarily not defending medicines kills links to core neg generics about drug innovation, competition over pharmaceutical development, or production of medicine needing to increase because medical interventions are uncontroversial. Drugs and Vaccines are not regulated in the same way which proves any lit about why WTO changing protections for one would not be applicable to the other – that’s He. Pushes 1NCs to the fringes like Ks that disagree with everything or sketchy CPs which destroys clash.Paradigm issues:Drop the debater – their abusive advocacy skewed the debate from the startComes before 1AR theory – NC abuse is responsive to them not being topicalCompeting interps – reasonability invites arbitrary judge intervention and a race to the bottom of questionable argumentationNo RVIs – fairness and education are a priori burdens – and encourages baiting – outweighs because if T is frivolous, they can beat it quicklyFairness is a voter ¬– necessary to determine the better debaterEducation is a voter – why schools fund debate | 12/16/21 |
SEPOCT- T- Nebel IPTournament: Heart of Texas | Round: 6 | Opponent: Westlake MR | Judge: Vishan Chaudhary Interpretation: intellectual property protections is a generic bare plural. The aff may not defend that member nations of the World Trade Organization reduce a subset of intellectual property protections for medicines.Nebel 19 Jake Nebel ~Jake Nebel is an assistant professor of philosophy at the University of Southern California and executive director of Victory Briefs.~ , 8-12-2019, "Genericity on the Standardized Tests Resolution," Briefly, https://www.vbriefly.com/2019/08/12/genericity-on-the-standardized-tests-resolution/ SM AND -value meaning and standard expectations about what LD resolutions tend to mean. It applies to IP protections:Upward entailment test – spec fails the upward entailment test because saying that nations ought to reduce one type of IPP does not entail that those nations ought to reduce all kinds of IPPAdverb test – adding "usually" to the res doesn’t substantially change its meaning because a reduction is universal and permanentViolation: They have a one and done approach which means they don’t ban all sort of IP- that’s their Feldman evidenceVote neg:Semantics outweigh:T is a constitutive rule of the activity and a basic aff burden – they agreed to debate the topic when they came hereJurisdiction – you can’t vote aff if they haven’t affirmed the resolutionOnly stasis point we know before the round so it controls the internal link to engagement – there’s no way to use ground if debaters aren’t prepared to defend itLimits – there are countless affs accounting for every kind of intellectual property protections, like tertiary patents, provisional patents, and design patents – unlimited topics incentivize obscure affs that negs won’t have prep on – limits are key to reciprocal prep burden – potential abuse doesn’t justify foregoing the topic and 1AR theory checks PICsGround – spec guts core generics like innovation that rely on reducing all kinds of IP for all medicines because individual types of IP don’t substantially affect the pharmaceutical industry – also means there is no universal DA to spec affsTVA solves – read as an advantage to whole rezParadigm issues:Drop the debater – their abusive advocacy skewed the debate from the startComes before 1AR theory – NC abuse is responsive to them not being topicalNo RVIs – fairness and education are a priori burdens – and encourages baiting – outweighs because if T is frivolous, they can beat it quicklyFairness is a voter ¬– necessary to determine the better debaterEducation is a voter – why schools fund debate | 10/17/21 |
SEPOCT- T- Nebel MedicinesTournament: Loyola | Round: 1 | Opponent: Malbrough JH | Judge: Asher Towner
Vote neg:
2. Limits – there are countless affs accounting for thousands of medicines – unlimited topics incentivize obscure affs that negs won’t have prep on – limits are key to reciprocal prep burden – potential abuse doesn’t justify foregoing the topic and 1AR theory checks PICs There are over 20,000 affs 3. Ground – spec guts core generics like innovation that rely on reducing IP for all medicines because individual medicines don’t affect the pharmaceutical industry broadly – also means there is no universal DA to spec affs 4. TVA solves – read as an advantage to whole rez Paradigm issues:
| 9/4/21 |
SEPOCT-K-NeolibTournament: Loyola | Round: 6 | Opponent: Dwight Englewood EK | Judge: Nathan Russell Exploitation causes extinction. Revitalize the Battle of Seattle – protests against the WTO break down the global capitalist system of production | 9/17/21 |
SEPOCT-K-Neolib v2Tournament: Heart of Texas | Round: 3 | Opponent: Loyola CM | Judge: Sam Larson The Aff’s Portrayal of a world where medical inequality is solved by deregulation perpetuates the neoliberal myth of a perfect market | 12/16/21 |
SEPOCT-NC-UtilTournament: Greenhill | Round: 4 | Opponent: Westlake AK | Judge: Gordon Krauss 1NC – FrameworkThe standard is maximizing expected wellbeing:Pleasure and pain are intrinsically valuableMoen 16 ~Ole Martin Moen, Research Fellow in Philosophy at University of Oslo "An Argument for Hedonism" Journal of Value Inquiry (Springer), 50 (2) 2016: 267–281~ SJDI AND places where we reach the end of the line in matters of value. Moreover, only pleasure and pain are intrinsically valuable. All other values can be explained with reference to pleasure; Occam’s razor requires us to treat these as instrumentally valuable.Moen 16 ~Ole Martin Moen, Research Fellow in Philosophy at University of Oslo "An Argument for Hedonism" Journal of Value Inquiry (Springer), 50 (2) 2016: 267–281~ SJDI AND why do they tend to point toward pleasure and away from pain?27 Moral uncertainty means preventing extinction should be our highest priority. | 9/18/21 |
SEPOCT-T- ExtraTournament: Heart of Texas | Round: 1 | Opponent: Westwood AG | Judge: Dillon Johnson 1NC – OffInterpretation: "medicine" isLexico ND ~(Lexico dictionary) https://www.lexico.com/definition/medicine~~ BC Violation: they’re extra T – beyond medicines, traditional knowledge includesBruchac 14 ~(Margaret, Coordinator, Native American and Indigenous Studies at the University of Pennsylvania, PhD in anthropology from the University of Massachusetts Amherst) "Indigenous Knowledge and Traditional Knowledge," Encyclopedia of Global Archaeology, 2014~ JL AND flintknapping, hide tanning, pottery-making, and concocting medicinal remedies). Net benefits:Limits – their interp justifies infinite affs that require entirely different case negs, from IP for pottery to IP for telescopes, which privileges the aff and prevents in-depth testingGround – they let the aff tack on infinite Frankenstein planks to skirt generics and artificially inflate solvency – and guts generics about medicine like the innovation, pharma politics, and health cooperation DAs
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SEPOCT-T-ReduceTournament: Heart of Texas | Round: 1 | Opponent: Westwood AG | Judge: Dillon Johnson Interpretation: Reduce means a net decreasePublic Law 87-253 AND other action. which is a scheme or device to qualify for payment. Violation: aff doesn’t reduce ip on medicine but prohibit possibiliy of patentingIf there 0 existing patents in the squo and 0 under the aff whcihc means it isnt an example of a reductionPrefer –Limits – allowing affs that merely prohibit patenting mdedicines expodees the possible number of affs - makes neg prep impossible because the case neg to the an aff that eliminates patents and reduces patents would have no overlap — privileges the aff by stretching pre-tournament neg prep too thin and precluding nuanced rigorous testing of aff.Ground – not defending reduction kills links to core neg generics about drug innovation, competition over pharmaceutical development, bioterror DA, cap K. Pushes 1NCs to the fringes like Ks that disagree with everything or sketchy CPs which destroys clash.C/A paradigm issues | 10/16/21 |
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