| Tournament | Round | Opponent | Judge | Cites | Round Report | Open Source | Edit/Delete |
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| Cal Berkeley | 2 | Harker NA | Gerard Grigsby |
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| Cal Berkeley | 4 | Harker DS | Saketh Kotapati |
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| Cal Berkeley | 5 | Marlborough AW | Arianna Nelson |
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| Cal RR | 1 | Northland Christian LB | Candis Tate, Christopher Vincent |
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| Cal RR | 3 | Mission San Jose SR | Gordon Krauss, Holden Bukowsky |
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| Cal RR | 6 | Peninsula RM | Joshua St Peter, Gabriel Morbeck |
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| Emory | 1 | Millard North JL | David Dosch |
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| Emory | 3 | Lynbrook SY | Alex Berry |
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| Emory | 5 | Lexington BF | Jalyn Wu |
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| Emory | Triples | Strath Haven AM | Madeleine Conrad-Mogin, Nethmin Liyanage, Dhruv Channa |
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| Greenhill | 2 | Plano East AW | Chris Theis |
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| Greenhill | 3 | Southlake Carroll EP | Felicity Park |
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| Greenhill | 6 | Loyola AP | Tarun Ratnasabapathy |
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| Heart of Texas | 2 | Lexington AW | Annabelle Long |
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| Heart of Texas | 3 | Strake JK | Yardley Rosas |
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| Heart of Texas | 6 | Immaculate Heart JL | Mohul Aggarwal |
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| Heritage Hall | 1 | Broken Arrow JM | Nethmin Liyanage |
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| Heritage Hall | 4 | Little Rock Central MG | Richard Li |
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| Heritage Hall | Finals | Isidore Newman EE | Wesley Loofbourrow, Ausha Curry, Amanda Nobra |
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| Loyola | 3 | Strake MS | Tej Gedela |
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| Loyola | 2 | Memorial DX | Abishek Rao |
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| Meadows | 2 | Westwood DLi | Nethmin Liyanage |
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| Meadows | 5 | Edgemont Junior-Senior AA | Vishnu Vennelakanti |
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| TOC | 4 | Memorial SC | Grant Brown |
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| TOC | 5 | Park City NL | Colton Gilbert |
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| TOC | 1 | Marlborough MJ | Isaac Chao |
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| debateLA Challenge | 2 | Marlborough MJ | Aashir Sanjrani, Jack Quisenberry |
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| debateLA Challenge | 4 | Greenhill NT | Joseph Barquin, Kristiana Baez |
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| debateLA Challenge | 5 | Harker AR | Gabriel Morbeck, Margaret Strong |
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| Tournament | Round | Report |
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| Cal Berkeley | 2 | Opponent: Harker NA | Judge: Gerard Grigsby 1AC - China |
| Cal Berkeley | 4 | Opponent: Harker DS | Judge: Saketh Kotapati 1AC - asteroid mining |
| Cal Berkeley | 5 | Opponent: Marlborough AW | Judge: Arianna Nelson 1AC - global commons |
| Cal RR | 1 | Opponent: Northland Christian LB | Judge: Candis Tate, Christopher Vincent 1AC - china v5 |
| Cal RR | 3 | Opponent: Mission San Jose SR | Judge: Gordon Krauss, Holden Bukowsky 1AC - UNCOPUOS leasing |
| Cal RR | 6 | Opponent: Peninsula RM | Judge: Joshua St Peter, Gabriel Morbeck 1AC |
| Emory | 1 | Opponent: Millard North JL | Judge: David Dosch 1AC - asteroid mining |
| Emory | 3 | Opponent: Lynbrook SY | Judge: Alex Berry 1AC - biocap |
| Emory | 5 | Opponent: Lexington BF | Judge: Jalyn Wu 1AC - exploration |
| Emory | Triples | Opponent: Strath Haven AM | Judge: Madeleine Conrad-Mogin, Nethmin Liyanage, Dhruv Channa 1AC - space tourism |
| Greenhill | 2 | Opponent: Plano East AW | Judge: Chris Theis 1AC - Evergreening |
| Greenhill | 3 | Opponent: Southlake Carroll EP | Judge: Felicity Park 1AC - cannabis drug trafficking |
| Greenhill | 6 | Opponent: Loyola AP | Judge: Tarun Ratnasabapathy 1AC covid |
| Heart of Texas | 2 | Opponent: Lexington AW | Judge: Annabelle Long 1AC covid |
| Heart of Texas | 3 | Opponent: Strake JK | Judge: Yardley Rosas 1AC covid |
| Heart of Texas | 6 | Opponent: Immaculate Heart JL | Judge: Mohul Aggarwal 1AC CRISPR |
| Heritage Hall | 1 | Opponent: Broken Arrow JM | Judge: Nethmin Liyanage 1AC - lay whole res |
| Heritage Hall | 4 | Opponent: Little Rock Central MG | Judge: Richard Li 1AC transpacific reimaginings |
| Heritage Hall | Finals | Opponent: Isidore Newman EE | Judge: Wesley Loofbourrow, Ausha Curry, Amanda Nobra 1AC hauntology |
| Loyola | 3 | Opponent: Strake MS | Judge: Tej Gedela 1AC - ripstein extended throughout |
| Loyola | 2 | Opponent: Memorial DX | Judge: Abishek Rao 1AC prag evergreening |
| Meadows | 2 | Opponent: Westwood DLi | Judge: Nethmin Liyanage 1AC biocolonialism |
| Meadows | 5 | Opponent: Edgemont Junior-Senior AA | Judge: Vishnu Vennelakanti 1AC - Undisclosed Information aff |
| TOC | 4 | Opponent: Memorial SC | Judge: Grant Brown 1AC - new non t cybernetics |
| TOC | 5 | Opponent: Park City NL | Judge: Colton Gilbert 1AC - beller cybernetics |
| TOC | 1 | Opponent: Marlborough MJ | Judge: Isaac Chao 1AC global commons |
| debateLA Challenge | 2 | Opponent: Marlborough MJ | Judge: Aashir Sanjrani, Jack Quisenberry 1AC - global commons |
| debateLA Challenge | 4 | Opponent: Greenhill NT | Judge: Joseph Barquin, Kristiana Baez 1AC - OST colonialism aff |
| debateLA Challenge | 5 | Opponent: Harker AR | Judge: Gabriel Morbeck, Margaret Strong 1AC - China |
To modify or delete round reports, edit the associated round.
Cites
| Entry | Date |
|---|---|
0 - Disclosure IssuesTournament: - | Round: 1 | Opponent: - | Judge: - docs that are having issues will be uploaded here: https://harvardwestlake-my.sharepoint.com/:f:/g/personal/ichen1_hwemail_com/Elt-N-m98OJGs5_wnzetZpkBoIj0FAEBaCuMO0dq4vIS2A?e=VZTfa6 - heart of texas / st marks r2 1nc please let me know if there are any other docs / cites that are acting up and i'll get them sorted! | 4/9/22 |
0 - InfoTournament: - | Round: 1 | Opponent: - | Judge: - For round reports, assume the 1AR and 2AR just covered everything in the 1NC/2NR if they're missing - I'll list impact turns, theory args etc if they are read/gone for | 4/9/22 |
1 - K - Curry and CurryTournament: Loyola | Round: 3 | Opponent: Strake MS | Judge: Tej Gedela Even if they win that their colorblindness is theoretically ideal, it is practically impossible because racialized bodies are marked by their skin color – the psychological construction of Black as inferior makes their impacts inevitable – philosophy’s segregation of black scholarship is not neutral and not normal. Instead you should affirm Black philosophy as a site to engage in radical theorizations that are a genuine reflection of Black experience – attempts at integration commodifies Black philosophers as extensions of white thinkers which waters down Black philosophy to a form for white philosophers to deem respectable scholarship – a fundamental reorientation of the discipline away from universal reason is key. You should not hold out hope for the 1AC to be the change that white philosophy has refused for the last 50 years – the permutation is a form of tokenism that fails to fundamentally change philosophy’s anti-Blackness given that their theory was constructed with and is reliant on an exclusively white epistemology. | 9/5/21 |
1 - NC - Util V1Tournament: Loyola | Round: 2 | Opponent: Memorial DX | Judge: Abishek Rao 1NC — FWFWThe standard is maximizing expected well-being. ~To clarify, hedonistic act util~. Prefer –1~ Ethics is undergirded by desire – without it, we'd have never encountered goodness.Sayre-McCord 01 2~ Pleasure and pain are intrinsic value and disvalue – everything else regresses – robust neuroscience.Blum et al. 18 3~ No act omission distinction – outweighs on actor specificity because different actors have different obligations.Shwartz 19 Schwartz, Gregory. (2019). THE ETHICS OF OMISSION. Think, 18(51), 117–121. doi:10.1017/s1477175618000404 4~ Weighability – only consequentialism can explain the ethical difference in breaking a promise to take someone to the hospital and breaking a promise to take someone to lunch5~ Tradeoffs — governments are forced to decide between tradeoffs ie welfare for the rich and welfare for the poor which means they're forced to aggregate – any nonconsequential framework can't decide where to allocate resources or which promise to keep in the instance of conflicting promises | 9/5/21 |
1 - NC - Util V2 layTournament: Heritage Hall | Round: 1 | Opponent: Broken Arrow JM | Judge: Nethmin Liyanage UtilMy value is morality, and the criterion is maximizing expected well-being.1~ Pleasure and pain are intrinsic value and disvalue – everything else regresses – based on robust neuroscience.Blum et al. 18 2~ Actor specificity:A~ Aggregation – every policy benefits some and harms others, which also means side constraints freeze action because governments intrinsically must make tradeoffs to act.B~ Deliberating over an action requires analysis of foreseen consequences which could be prevented which makes them intrinsic to state actionC~ Governments aren't singular rational agents which makes theories about individuals irrelevant – only consequentialism solves by analyzing ends divorced from an actor3~ Human extinction outweighs:A~ reversibilityB~ magnitudeC~ moral uncertaintyD~ progressE~ bias | 10/9/21 |
1 - T - Extra V1Tournament: Heritage Hall | Round: Finals | Opponent: Isidore Newman EE | Judge: Wesley Loofbourrow, Ausha Curry, Amanda Nobra TInterpretation: the affirmative must only garner offense from the consequences of member nations of the World Trade Organization reducing intellectual property protections for medicines.violation – epistemology offense, plantext, ROB, "the wto using haunting as a method"Standards –1~ predictability – prepared to debate policy consequences – that's k2 pre round prep which is important for in round prep and clash – limits DA ground because they can add planks that solve2~ limits – interp would allow "wto reduces ip and gives everyone 200 dollars" which takes us away from the core of the topic – that o/w on urgency + explodes the neg research burden bc we have to research issues completely unrelated to the topicUse competing interpretations – reasonability invites judge intervention and they arent reasonable proven by the fact that "wto" shows up a total of two times in the 1ac file | 10/17/21 |
1 - Th - New AffsTournament: TOC | Round: 4 | Opponent: Memorial SC | Judge: Grant Brown 2 Education – plan text disclosure discourages cheap shot aff’s. If the aff isn’t inherent or easily defeated by 20 minutes of research, it should lose. The neg is entitled to some research time to make sure the AFF is inherent, topical, and controversial. Otherwise bad AFF’s can win on purely surprise factor, which is a bad model b/c it encourages finding the most fringe surprising case possible instead of a well researched and defensible aff. dtd: Their lack of disclosure makes substance irreparable b/c our entire argument is that we couldnt engage use ci – they should have to defend their norm – reasonability is arbitrary and invites intervention and race to the bottom | 4/24/22 |
JF - CP - Advantage vs TourismTournament: Emory | Round: Triples | Opponent: Strath Haven AM | Judge: Madeleine Conrad-Mogin, Nethmin Liyanage, Dhruv Channa CP1NC – AdvantageStates other than the People’s Republic of China should ban the appropriation of outer space by private entities for private space tourism.States should ban the use of propellants other than liquid hydrogen and liquid oxygen to fuel rocket launches and space operations.Force them to name Chinese private companies interested in space exploration in the 1AR, or else this counterplan wholly solves the affPlank 1 solves ozone because solid fuel rockets are the ones that burn the ozone layer – liquid hydrogen/oxygen are safeMortillaro 21 ~Nicole Mortillaro, CBC News Senior Reporter, editor of the Journal of the Royal Astronomical Society of Canada, author of several books. “Rocket launches could be affecting our ozone layer, say experts.” CBC, 4-22-2021, accessed 1-22-2022, https://www.cbc.ca/news/science/rocket-launches-environment-1.5995252~~ HWIC | 1/29/22 |
JF - CP - COPUOSTournament: debateLA Challenge | Round: 2 | Opponent: Marlborough MJ | Judge: Aashir Sanjrani, Jack Quisenberry Normal means for treaties involves solely the signatory countries The CP competes off of actor spec – they had complete control over how and who implements the aff, especially in this topic since the actor was not specified in the resolution. The actor is a key, debatable element and a change poses an opportunity cost, which is sufficient for competition. COPUOS has jurisdiction and has passed treaties on similar topics in the past COPUOS is losing legitimacy due to an inability to reach consensus and thereby pass policies – the plan restores faith, discourages weak agreements, solves space debris, sustainability, and security issues Revitalizing COPUOS solves great power space conflict – it is the single organization that has enough member states, legitimacy, and empirical success to ensure peace – it stopped the first space race, it can do it again | 1/14/22 |
JF - CP - OzoneTournament: Cal RR | Round: 6 | Opponent: Peninsula RM | Judge: Joshua St Peter, Gabriel Morbeck The use of propellants other than liquid hydrogen and liquid oxygen to fuel rocket launches is unjust.That solves ozone because solid fuel rockets are the ones that burn the ozone layer – liquid hydrogen/oxygen are safeMortillaro 21 ~Nicole Mortillaro, CBC News Senior Reporter, editor of the Journal of the Royal Astronomical Society of Canada, author of several books. "Rocket launches could be affecting our ozone layer, say experts." CBC, 4-22-2021, accessed 1-22-2022, https://www.cbc.ca/news/science/rocket-launches-environment-1.5995252~~ HWIC It's the alumina and black soot that is most concerning to experts. | 2/19/22 |
JF - CP - US-Russia CooperationTournament: Emory | Round: 5 | Opponent: Lexington BF | Judge: Jalyn Wu Hotlines and dialogue prevent escalation AND increase cooperation, which solves their internal link. | 1/29/22 |
JF - DA - HypersonicsTournament: TOC | Round: 1 | Opponent: Marlborough MJ | Judge: Isaac Chao Private space development key to missile defense – US needs to check itself before it wrecks itself That’s key to stopping China and Russia Current hotspots will go nuclear. Current response systems will be insufficient to prevent nuclear devastation | 4/24/22 |
JF - DA - PLATournament: Emory | Round: Triples | Opponent: Strath Haven AM | Judge: Madeleine Conrad-Mogin, Nethmin Liyanage, Dhruv Channa DA1NC – ChinaCCP legitimacy high nowYvonne Murray 22, “2021 saw China’s Xi Jinping tighten grip on power,” 1/4/22, RTE (Ireland’s National Public Service Media), https://www.rte.ie/news/2021/1231/1269202-china-year-in-review/ The plan alienates the PLA – they view space dominance as the linchpin of China’s legitimacy – specifically, public-private tech development is keyEconomic Times 20 ~(Economic Times, Indian daily newspaper, internally cites Dean Cheng, Senior Research Fellow at the Heritage Foundation and the Davis Institute for National Security and Foreign Policy, former analyst in the International Security and Space Program at the Office of Technology Assessment, BA in Politics from Princeton University) “China attempting to militarize space as it seeks to modernize its military power,” 8/31/2020~ JL China’s “space dream” is key to Xi credibility – plan is a flip flop that undermines legitimacyKharpal 21 – senior technology correspondent based in Guangzhou, China at CNBC ~Arjun, “China once said it couldn’t put a potato in space. Now it’s eyeing Mars,” 6/30/2021, https://www.cnbc.com/2021/06/30/china-space-goals-ccp-100th-anniversary.html~~ And the Chinese private sector is crucial for space competition – Xi has promised and said so beforePatel 21 — (Neel V. Patel, Neel is the space reporter for MIT Technology Review, and he writes The Airlock newsletter. Before joining, he worked as a freelance science and technology journalist, contributing stories to Popular Science, The Daily Beast, Slate, Wired, the Verge, and elsewhere. Prior to that, he was an associate editor for Inverse, where he grew and led the website’s space coverage., “China’s surging private space industry is out to challenge the US”, MIT Technology Review, 1-21-2021, Available Online at https://www.technologyreview.com/2021/01/21/1016513/china-private-commercial-space-industry-dominance, accessed 1-11-2022, HKR-AR) Hardline anti-U.S. stance is key to PLA support for Xi—-it takes all available resources to keep the PLA in line—-and no turns because engagement can’t moderate PLA viewsYawei Liu 14, director of the China Program at the Carter Center, adjunct professor of political science at Emory University and associate director of the China Research Center in Atlanta; and Justine Zheng Ren, Ph.D. in Political Science from the London School of Economics, March 2014, “An Emerging Consensus on the US Threat: the United States according to PLA officers,” Journal of Contemporary China, Vol. 23, No. 86 That factionalizes the CCP and emboldens challenges to Xi – the PLA is increasingly powerful and not unconditionally subservientSimpson 16 ~(Kurtis, Centre Director with Defence Research and Development Canada, has been conducting research on China’s leadership, Communist Party politics, the People’s Liberation Army and foreign policy for over 30 years,Master’s Degree and a Ph.D from York University, previously served as an intelligence analyst at the Privy Council Office and leader of the Asia Research Section at the Department of National Defence’s Chief Defence Intelligence (CDI) organization) “China’s Re-Emergence: Assessing Civilian-Military Relations In Contemporary Era – Analysis,” Eurasia Review, 12/21/2016~ JL CCP instability collapses the international order – extinctionPerkinson 12 ~(Jessica, MA in international affairs from American University) “The Potential for Instability in the PRC: How the Doomsday Theory Misses the Mark,” American University School of International Service, 2012~ JL Independently, Xi will lash out to preserve cred in the SCS – US draw-in ensures extinctionMastro 20 ~(Oriana Skylar, Assistant Professor of Security Studies at Georgetown University’s Edmund A. Walsh School of Foreign Service, Resident Scholar at the American Enterprise Institute) “Military Confrontation in the South China Sea,” Council on Foreign Relations, 5/21/2020~ JL | 1/29/22 |
JF - DA - Russia AppeasementTournament: Emory | Round: 5 | Opponent: Lexington BF | Judge: Jalyn Wu We stopped appeasing Russia – they’ll pocket concessions from coop and increase aggression – tensions aren’t the result of understandings but hardened differences. Space cooperation massively boosts prestige for Russia. Cooperation is perceived as appeasement - that independently is sufficient for Putin to feel emboldened and seize more territory. Putin soft power is low now, and that prevents Baltic adventurism that goes nuclear - legitimizing him gives him an opening to make information warfare succeed. | 1/29/22 |
JF - DA - SBSPTournament: Cal RR | Round: 6 | Opponent: Peninsula RM | Judge: Joshua St Peter, Gabriel Morbeck The space-for-space economy is beginning to develop now because of private enterprise in spaceWeinzierl and Sarang 21 (Matt, PhD in Economics Harvard University, Joseph and Jacqueline Elbling Professor of Business Administration at HBS and a Research Associate at the National Bureau of Economic Research, and Mehak, Research Associate at Harvard Business School and the Lunar Exploration Projects Lead for the MIT Space Exploration Initiative, Harvard Business Review, "The Commercial Space Age is Here," 2/12, https://hbr.org/2021/02/the-commercial-space-age-is-here) That's key to satellite monitoring, resource management, agriculture, climate change monitoring, and space-based solar power developmentSommariva 20 (Andrea, Italian Institute for International Political Studies, "The Evolution of Space Economy: The Role of the Private Sector and the Challenges for Europe," 12/11, https://www.ispionline.it/en/pubblicazione/evolution-space-economy-role-private-sector-and-challenges-europe-28604) SBSP is necessary to reduce emissions and solve climate changeShtivelman 12 - J.D., Boston University School of Law ~Aleksey, 2012, B. U. J. SCI. and TECH. L. Vol. 18:435, "SOLAR POWER SATELLITES: THE RIGHT TO A SPOT IN THE WORLD'S HIGHEST PARKING LOT", Hein Online~ Warming causes extinction – a confluence of nonlinear and unpredictable effects will make human and natural systems inhospitable while increasing escalatory conflicts – even if the impacts are far off, only drastic action soon solvesMelton 19 ~Michelle Melton is a 3L at Harvard Law School. Before law school, she was an associate fellow in the Energy and National Security Program at the Center for Strategic and International Studies, where she focused on climate policy. Climate Change and National Security, Part II: How Big a Threat is the Climate? January 7, 2019. https://www.lawfareblog.com/climate-change-and-national-security-part-ii-how-big-threat-climate~~ | 2/19/22 |
JF - DA - US Space DominanceTournament: debateLA Challenge | Round: 2 | Opponent: Marlborough MJ | Judge: Aashir Sanjrani, Jack Quisenberry And, space dominance key to global peace – nuclear and conventional deterrence is collapsing, which will provoke civilization-ending revisionist aggression from Russia and China Space dominance solves hegemony – deterrence strategies, even rudimentary ones, are perceived as weakness and causes aggression US hegemony prevents great-power conflicts that escalates to nuclear war | 1/14/22 |
JF - DA - US Space Dominance V2Tournament: Cal Berkeley | Round: 5 | Opponent: Marlborough AW | Judge: Arianna Nelson Space competition will determine hegemonic power on Earth Heg is sustainable but not impervious to collapse Decline causes unstable nuclear alliances that cause war | 2/20/22 |
JF - DA - XiTournament: debateLA Challenge | Round: 5 | Opponent: Harker AR | Judge: Gabriel Morbeck, Margaret Strong Xi’s rallying the party around space development – its central to his entire agenda Consolidation of power under Xi is vital to prevent CCP collapse. CCP instability causes extinction. | 1/28/22 |
JF - K - Cap vs BiocapTournament: Emory | Round: 3 | Opponent: Lynbrook SY | Judge: Alex Berry Radical politics that focus on questions of identity, individualism, etc, and increase economic inequality reify neoliberalismSmulevich-Tucker and Thompson 15 (Gregory Smulevich-Tucker and Michael Thompson, September 2015, Radical Intellectuals and the Subversion of Progressive Politics: The Betrayal of Politics, kindle edition, page number at end of card Thompson is a Political Scientist @ William Patterson University, Smulevich-Tucker is a philosophy professor @ Baruch) Neoliberal norms annihilate sense of self and turns case by reducing resistanceVerhaeghe, PhD, 14 Vote negative to endorse a class-based critique of the system—pedagogical spaces are the crucial staging ground for keeping socialism on the horizonMcLaren, Distinguished Fellow – Critical Studies @ Chapman U and UCLA urban schooling prof, and Scatamburlo-D'Annibale, associate professor of Communication – U Windsor, '4 | 1/29/22 |
JF - K - Set Col vs OSTTournament: debateLA Challenge | Round: 4 | Opponent: Greenhill NT | Judge: Joseph Barquin, Kristiana Baez Space management cannot be understood outside of settler colonialism. The infrastructure, institutions, and Eurocentric values of space policy are considered the hallmarks of science and progress, which become weaponized against Indigenous resistance. Treatymaking is a form of settler diplomacy that seeks to legitimize colonial authority through legal justifications. Native Nations are rendered primitive and lawless as the plan eliminates any trace of indigenous sovereignty. Cooperation assumes that space is a unique area that can transcend Earthly politics. This naive assumption ignores the settler power dynamics that shape the process of cooperation. This debate is not private space good/bad, but instead a question of Native sovereignty and the power to invoke the plan. The 1AC eclipses the authority of Native nations, so in response we affirm the long tradition of Indigenous internationalism across colonial borders. Criticizing security strategy is a mode of settler recuperation which takes for granted the very terms of their expression. The aff operationalizes the presumed normality of settler colonialism to obfuscate their reproduction of genocidal politics in spite of their opposition to standard IR. | 1/28/22 |
JF - T - Appropriation vs TourismTournament: Emory | Round: Triples | Opponent: Strath Haven AM | Judge: Madeleine Conrad-Mogin, Nethmin Liyanage, Dhruv Channa 1NCT1NC – AppropriationInterpretation: Appropriation means use, exploitation, or occupation that is permanent and to the exclusion of othersBabcock 19 Professor of Law, Georgetown University Law Cente. Babcock, Hope M. “The Public Trust Doctrine, Outer Space, and the Global Commons: Time to Call Home ET.” Syracuse L. Rev. 69 (2019): 191. Violation: Space tourism is, by definition, temporary – people briefly go to space in a rocket ship and then return to Earthlook up “appropriation” in the 1AC – comes up zero times except for their solvency card which is generic and only about the OST1~ Precision – if we win definitions the aff doesn’t defend a shift from the squo or solve their advantages – so at best vote negative on presumption. The resolution is the only predictable stasis point for dividing ground—any deviation justifies the aff arbitrarily jettisoning words in the resolution at their whim which decks negative ground and preparation because the aff is no longer bounded by the resolution.2~ Predictable limits—Letting temporary occupation be appropriation is a limits diaster - any aff about a single space ship, satellite, or weapon would be T because they temporarily occupy space. Limits explodes neg prep burden and draws un-reciprocal lines of debate, where the aff is always ahead, turns their pragmatics offenseDTD and competing interps – abuse already happened – T tells the negative what they have to prepare for—there’s no way for us to know what constitutes a “reasonable interpretation” pre-tournament – reasonability is arbitrary and causes a race to the bottom, proliferating abuseNo RVIs—it’s your burden to be topical. | 1/29/22 |
JF - T - Cant Spec AppropriationTournament: Cal Berkeley | Round: 4 | Opponent: Harker DS | Judge: Saketh Kotapati Violation: They only defend asteroid mining as unjust Moral statements are generic normative principles – necessitates the generic interpretation Negate – 2 Limits: every specific instance of appropriation can be the aff of the week which kills our core generics and explodes our prep burden | 2/20/22 |
JF - T - ExtraTournament: Cal RR | Round: 3 | Opponent: Mission San Jose SR | Judge: Gordon Krauss, Holden Bukowsky "To be" is a linking verb of description, not an action verb They are extra T because they grant the UN leasing authority, which goes beyond the res. This allows them to gain extra offense to get out of disads, impact turns, and counterplans. This is an independent voter because it allows the aff to add on ANY extra mechanism or policy to the plan, which allows them to gain extra T advantages and better solvency. thats unpredictable and explodes limits because we cant be prepared to answer the UN leasing part of the aff and the rest of it. It also takes away my ability to read those arguments as alt causes or advantage counterplans, which destroys competitive equity. | 2/18/22 |
JF - T - FrameworkTournament: Emory | Round: 3 | Opponent: Lynbrook SY | Judge: Alex Berry Interpretation – the affirmative must only garner offense from a defense of the resolution.The appropriation of outer space means permanently taking propertyGorove, LLM, 69 ~Stephen Gorove, LLM and PhD Philsophy@Yale. "Interpreting Article II of the Outer Space Treaty." Fordham L. Rev. Vol. 37, Issue 3, pp. 349, published 1969, https://ir.lawnet.fordham.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1966andamp;context=flr~~ HWIC A private entity ishttps://www.law.cornell.edu/definitions/uscode.php?width=840andheight=800andiframe=trueanddef_id=6-USC-625312480-168358316andterm_occur=999andterm_src=title:6:chapter:6:subchapter:I:section:1501 "To be" is a linking verb of descriptionGU no date ~Gallaudet University. "ACTION VERBS AND LINKING VERBS," https://www.gallaudet.edu/tutorial-and-instructional-programs/english-center/grammar-and-vocabulary/verbs/action-verbs-and-linking-verbs/~~ HWIC Unjust means unfair or immoralOED no date ~"unjust, adj. and n." Oxford English Dictionary, https://www-oed-com.proxy.hw.com/viewdictionaryentry/Entry/214856~~ HWIC
Violation: they garner offense from a non-topical plantextB~ Standards –They destroy engagement – predictable stasis ensures research accessibility and negative ground. Even if public policy isn't the best focus for activism, it's crucial for dialogue because it's grounded in consistent reporting and academic work.1~ Changing the topic post facto structurally favors the aff by manipulating balance of prep and obliterating limits – vote neg because debate is a competitive game that's meaningless without substantive constraints.2~ Exclusionary rule: They transform debate into a monologue which means their arguments are presumptively false because they haven't been subjected to well researched scrutiny. Switch-side debate is good for portable skills and solves critical engagement on both sides3~ Their model creates a structural disincentive to substantial research. Failure to defend the actor and mechanism of the resolution allows them to shift their advocacy to the terms most favorable to them – causes dogmatism and forces the neg into generics at the margins of the literature – destroys good scholarship.4~ Moral hazard – they allow truisms like "racism bad" which are impossible to negate ethically – that makes debate unsafeC~ Drop the debater on T – the round is already skewed from the beginning because their advocacy excluded my ability to generate NC offense – letting them sever doesn't solve. Debate is a game- forced winner/loser, speech times etc prove. Other impacts like activism or education can also be pursued in other forums, you can only win competitive debates at a debate tournament. Game recognition makes fairness the most important impact – both teams should have equal access to the ballot.D~ Use competing interpretations – reasonability invites arbitrary judge intervention based on preference rather than argumentation and encourages a race to the bottom where debaters will exploit a judge's tolerance for questionable argumentation. | 1/29/22 |
JF - T - Private Entity vs ChinaTournament: debateLA Challenge | Round: 5 | Opponent: Harker AR | Judge: Gabriel Morbeck, Margaret Strong Negate – they skirt the core controversy of the topic which is national vs private space activities – kills stasis point and pre-round prep and means we lose access to generics that rely on the motives of private companies differing from national interest proven by the fact that their advantage is functionally China space good/bad – competing interps and DTD on T, it's a question of models and we indict their advocacy | 1/28/22 |
JF - T - TheTournament: Emory | Round: 1 | Opponent: Millard North JL | Judge: David Dosch "The" can either indicate a definite generic or definite description The resolution is a definite generic – "appropriation" isn't a countable noun, you can't have "one appropriation" which means the res can only be referring to appropriation in general. Negate – | 1/28/22 |
JF - Th - Spec AppropriationTournament: Cal RR | Round: 6 | Opponent: Peninsula RM | Judge: Joshua St Peter, Gabriel Morbeck Interpretation – the aff must specify what type of private actor appropriation they affect.Appropriation is extremely vague – no legal precedent means no normal meansPershing 19, Abigail D. "Interpreting the Outer Space Treaty's Non-Appropriation Principle: Customary International Law from 1967 to Today." Yale J. Int'l L. 44 (2019): 149. (Robina Fellow at European Court of Human Rights. European Court of Human Rights Yale Law School)Elmer Violation: they don'tStandards:a~ Shiftiness – vague plan wording wrecks Neg Ground since it's impossible to know which DAs link or which CPs are competitive since different types of appropriation like Space Mining, Space Col, and Satellites – the 1AR can squirrel out of links by saying they don't affect a certain type of appropriation, or they don't reduce private appropriation enough to trigger the link.b~ Topic Ed – nuanced debates about private property in Outer Space requires spec since each form of appropriation has specific issues related to it so generalization disincentivizes in-depth research – o/w since we only debate the topic for two months.dtd deterrence and implicated 1nc, ci, no rvis chilling effect baiting topic ed | 2/19/22 |
SO - CP - Abolish WTOTournament: Loyola | Round: 2 | Opponent: Memorial DX | Judge: Abishek Rao 1NC — Abolish CPText: The World Trade Organization ought to be abolished. The following 164 countries listed in the speech doc ought to independently and without influence from international government reduce intellectual property protections for medicines by implementing a one-and-done approach.Afghanistan Albania Angola Antigua and Barbuda Argentina Armenia Australia Austria Bahrain, Kingdom of Bangladesh Barbados Belgium Belize Benin Bolivia, Plurinational State of Botswana Brazil Brunei Darussalam Bulgaria Burkina Faso Burundi Cabo Verde Cambodia Cameroon Canada Central African Republic Chad Chile China Colombia Congo Costa Rica Côte d’Ivoire Croatia Cuba Cyprus Czech Republic Democratic Republic of the Congo Denmark Djibouti Dominica Dominican Republic Ecuador Egypt El Salvador Estonia Eswatini European Union (formerly EC) Fiji Finland France Gabon Gambia Georgia Germany Ghana Greece Grenada Guatemala Guinea Guinea-Bissau Guyana Haiti Honduras Hong Kong, China Hungary Iceland India Indonesia Ireland Israel Italy Jamaica Japan Jordan Kazakhstan Kenya Korea, Republic of Kuwait, the State of Kyrgyz Republic Lao People’s Democratic Republic Latvia Lesotho Liberia Liechtenstein Lithuania Luxembourg Macao, China Madagascar Malawi Malaysia Maldives Mali Malta Mauritania Mauritius Mexico Moldova, Republic of Mongolia Montenegro Morocco Mozambique Myanmar Namibia Nepal Netherlands New Zealand Nicaragua Niger Nigeria North Macedonia Norway Oman Pakistan Panama Papua New Guinea Paraguay Peru Philippines Poland Portugal Qatar Romania Russian Federation Rwanda Saint Kitts and Nevis Saint Lucia Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Samoa Saudi Arabia, Kingdom of Senegal Seychelles Sierra Leone Singapore Slovak Republic Slovenia Solomon Islands South Africa Spain Sri Lanka Suriname Sweden Switzerland Chinese Taipei Tajikistan Tanzania Thailand Togo Tonga Trinidad and Tobago Tunisia Turkey Uganda Ukraine United Arab Emirates United Kingdom United States Uruguay Vanuatu Venezuela, Bolivarian Republic of Viet Nam Yemen Zambia Zimbabwe Eliminating the WTO ends U.S. global hegemonyBello, PhD, 2000 Primacy causes endless war, terror, authoritarianism, prolif, and Russia-China aggression.Ashford, PhD, 19 | 9/5/21 |
SO - CP - China DistributeTournament: Heart of Texas | Round: 2 | Opponent: Lexington AW | Judge: Annabelle Long NCCPText: The People's Republic of China should offer Chinese developed vaccines and medical technology related to COVID-19 to the world for freeThe CP massively ramps up Chinese "vaccine diplomacy" which solves the caseJuecheng and Yuwei 8-13-21 Successful vaccine diplomacy is key to overall Chinese Soft PowerHuang, PhD, 3-11-21 Chinese leadership stops global secessionist conflictGriffiths 16 - Senior Lecturer in the Department of Government and International Relations at the University of Sydney (Ryan, States, Nations, and Territorial Stability: Why Chinese Hegemony Would Be Better for International Order, Security Studies, 25:3, 519-545, DOI: 10.1080/09636412.2016.1195628) | 10/16/21 |
SO - CP - Sui GenerisTournament: Meadows | Round: 2 | Opponent: Westwood DLi | Judge: Nethmin Liyanage CPSui GenerisCP: The member nations of the world trade organization ought to –—-create a new form of Sui Generis patent applications as per Vezina 20—-Grant this form of patent to Indigenous peoples—-Exclude non-Indigenous groups from applying for Sui Generis patents(to clarify, we won't kick planks) These cards postdate their IP bad cards which matters — the aff can't account for the ways in which IP and the ways it's deployed have shifted or are able to change which means you err heavily negative on the IP good/bad debateSui generis moral rights framework emphasizing guardianship over ownership and are the only way to stop the appropriate that comes with public knowledge – answers the reforms fail ev bc it bars settlers from using knowledge which isn't sharing – also solves K of IPR used by Indigenous groups bc it uses a new fwVézina 20 "Ensuring Respect for Indigenous Cultures A Moral Rights Approach" Brigitte Vézina ~fellow at the Canadian think tank Centre for International Governance Innovation. She holds a bachelor's degree in law from the Université de Montréal and a master's in law from Georgetown University~, Centre for International Governance Innovation Papers No. 243 — May 2020, https://www.cigionline.org/static/documents/documents/vezina-paper_1.pdf SM Their ev even agrees – 1AC McGoniglethe ethnopharmacology community has not yet addressed these questions with sustained debate, nor has there been much done to envision an ethical platform upon which to establish exchange agreements that incorporate 'non-modern' visions of the world. Indigenous communities therefore need sui generis laws to protect their shared cultural heritage and shared natural resources. Reforming IPR is key to affirming native sovereignty. Solves the aff because it shifts away from western conceptions of property, but the perm fails since we think IPR is good.Younging 10 "Intergovernmental Committee On Intellectual Property And Genetic Resources Traditional Knowledge And Folklore" Seventeenth Session Geneva, December 6-10, 2010 Wipo Indigenous Panel On The Role Of The Public Domain Concept: Experiences In The Fields Of Genetic Resources, Traditional Knowledge And Traditional Cultural Expressions: Experiences From Canada Document prepared by Mr. Gregory Younging ~Creative Rights Alliance, Kelowna, Canada, Opaskwayak Cree Nation-Canada~ https://www.wipo.int/edocs/mdocs/tk/en/wipo_grtkf_ic_17/wipo_grtkf_ic_17_inf_5_a.pdf SM | 10/30/21 |
SO - CP - UHCTournament: Greenhill | Round: 2 | Opponent: Plano East AW | Judge: Chris Theis - implement single payer, universal national health insurance programs - cooperate on the development of cures for orphan drugs UHC solves the aff - single payer health care stops evergreening, promotes innovation and eliminates financial burdens on consumers | 9/19/21 |
SO - DA - Heg vs Non TTournament: Heritage Hall | Round: 4 | Opponent: Little Rock Central MG | Judge: Richard Li Collapsing public support and emerging protectionism demands an engaged electorate motivated to stabilize the global order Primacy solves arms races, land grabs, rogue states, and great power war – reject old defense that ignores emerging instability and compounding risk Vote neg to reaffirm U.S. global leadership – it's key to a new policy of containment that preserves the LIO and prevents global war but American popular support and commitment is key. | 10/9/21 |
SO - DA - InfrastructureTournament: Greenhill | Round: 3 | Opponent: Southlake Carroll EP | Judge: Felicity Park Big Pharma will lash out against infra and use COVID clout to kill it – they have public support, and a win now postpones reform indefinitely which turns case Infra’s k2 stopping existential climate change – warming is incremental and every change in temperature is vital | 10/9/21 |
SO - DA - Innovation V2Tournament: Heart of Texas | Round: 2 | Opponent: Lexington AW | Judge: Annabelle Long DA1NC – DiseasePharma industry innovation is up but profit margins are razor thinYoung 9-14-21 Strong IP protection spurs innovation by encouraging risk-taking and incentivizing knowledge sharing — prefer statistical analysis of multiple studiesEzell and Cory 19 ~Stephen Ezell, vice president and global innovation policy @ ITIF, BS Georgetown School of Foreign Service. Nigel Cory, associate director covering trade policy @ ITIF, MA public policy @ Georgetown. "The Way Forward for Intellectual Property Internationally," Information Technology and Innovation Foundation, 4-25-2019, accessed 8-25-2021, https://itif.org/publications/2019/04/25/way-forward-intellectual-property-internationally~~ HWIC COVID exceptions erode IP policies broadly.PRMA 21 The Pharmaceutical Research and Manufacturers of America SPECIAL 301 SUBMISSION 2021 https://phrma.org/-/media/Project/PhRMA/PhRMA-Org/PhRMA-Org/PDF/P-R/PhRMA_2021-Special-301_Review_Comment-1.pdf SM Biopharmaceutical innovation is key to prevent future pandemics and bioterrorMarjanovic and Feijao 20 ~Sonja Marjanovic Ph.D., Judge Business School, University of Cambridge. Carolina Feijao, Ph.D. in biochemistry, University of Cambridge; M.Sc. in quantitative biology, Imperial College London; B.Sc. in biology, University of Lisbon. "How to Best Enable Pharma Innovation Beyond the COVID-19 Crisis," RAND Corporation, 05-2020, accessed 8-8-2021, https://www.rand.org/pubs/perspectives/PEA407-1.html~~ HWIC That causes extinction, which outweighs.Millett and Snyder-Beattie '17. Millett, Ph.D., Senior Research Fellow, Future of Humanity Institute, University of Oxford; and Snyder-Beattie, M.S., Director of Research, Future of Humanity Institute, University of Oxford. 08-01-2017. "Existential Risk and Cost-Effective Biosecurity," Health Security, 15(4), PubMed COVID incentivizes engineered bioterror.Walsh, 20 — Axios Future correspondent ~Bryan Walsh, "The coronavirus pandemic reawakens bioweapon fears," Axios, 5-14-2020, https://www.axios.com/coronavirus-pandemic-pathogen-bioweapon-45417c86-52aa-41b1-8a99-44a6e597d3a8.html, accessed 9-7-2020~ We need innovation to deal with variantsVan Etten 07-15 | 10/16/21 |
SO - DA - Innovation V3Tournament: Heart of Texas | Round: 6 | Opponent: Immaculate Heart JL | Judge: Mohul Aggarwal Innovation1NC – DiseasePharma industry innovation is up but profit margins are razor thinYoung 9-14-21 CRISPR is K2 pharma research and RandD for future drugs and medicines—pharma already knows and is investing in CRISPR infrastructure already.Enzmann and Wronski 19 Strong IP protection spurs innovation by encouraging risk-taking and incentivizing knowledge sharing — prefer statistical analysis of multiple studiesEzell and Cory 19 ~Stephen Ezell, vice president and global innovation policy @ ITIF, BS Georgetown School of Foreign Service. Nigel Cory, associate director covering trade policy @ ITIF, MA public policy @ Georgetown. "The Way Forward for Intellectual Property Internationally," Information Technology and Innovation Foundation, 4-25-2019, accessed 8-25-2021, https://itif.org/publications/2019/04/25/way-forward-intellectual-property-internationally~~ HWIC Biopharmaceutical innovation is key to prevent future pandemics and bioterrorMarjanovic and Feijao 20 ~Sonja Marjanovic Ph.D., Judge Business School, University of Cambridge. Carolina Feijao, Ph.D. in biochemistry, University of Cambridge; M.Sc. in quantitative biology, Imperial College London; B.Sc. in biology, University of Lisbon. "How to Best Enable Pharma Innovation Beyond the COVID-19 Crisis," RAND Corporation, 05-2020, accessed 8-8-2021, https://www.rand.org/pubs/perspectives/PEA407-1.html~~ HWIC COVID incentivizes engineered bioterror.Walsh, 20 — Axios Future correspondent ~Bryan Walsh, "The coronavirus pandemic reawakens bioweapon fears," Axios, 5-14-2020, https://www.axios.com/coronavirus-pandemic-pathogen-bioweapon-45417c86-52aa-41b1-8a99-44a6e597d3a8.html, accessed 9-7-2020~ That causes extinction, which outweighs.Millett and Snyder-Beattie '17. Millett, Ph.D., Senior Research Fellow, Future of Humanity Institute, University of Oxford; and Snyder-Beattie, M.S., Director of Research, Future of Humanity Institute, University of Oxford. 08-01-2017. "Existential Risk and Cost-Effective Biosecurity," Health Security, 15(4), PubMed | 10/18/21 |
SO - K - Cap V1Tournament: Loyola | Round: 2 | Opponent: Memorial DX | Judge: Abishek Rao 1NC — KWhile on the surface the aff seems anti-corporate, their advantages are designed to paper over the faults of neoliberalism and protect capital on a broader scale.The aff's faith in market logics allows for rampant international austerity and privatization of healthcare – this is a tradeoff DA that outweighs and turns case.Sell and Williams, 20 Securitizing biological risks ties health to the protection of global capitalism. 'Disease as threat' narratives militarize responsibility for public health, replicating past colonial structures to secure neoliberalism.Mohan J. DUTTA, 15. Professor and Head of the Department of Communications and New Media at the National University of Singapore, Adjunct Professor of Communication at the Brian Lamb School of Communication at Purdue University. Neoliberal Health Organizing, 2015, p. 167-169. Our critique independently outweighs the case - neoliberalism causes extinction and massive social inequalities – the affs single issue legalistic solution is the exact kind of politics neolib wants us to engage in so the root cause goes unquestioned. Farbod 15 ( Faramarz Farbod , PhD Candidate @ Rutgers, Prof @ Moravian College, Monthly Review, http://mrzine.monthlyreview.org/2015/farbod020615.html, 6-2) Capitalism causes inevitable crises, inequality, and dehumanization—the alternative is a class-based critique of the system—pedagogical spaces are the crucial staging ground for keeping socialism on the horizonMcLaren, Distinguished Fellow – Critical Studies @ Chapman U and UCLA urban schooling prof, and Scatamburlo-D'Annibale, associate professor of Communication – U Windsor, '4 The role of the ballot is to resist neoliberal ideology – filter negative arguments through an epistemological dismantling of neoliberalism.HAY and ROSAMUND, PhDs, 2002 (Colin and Ben, Journal of European Public Policy Volume 9, Issue 2, 2002 p. 3-5) | 9/5/21 |
SO - K - Cap V2Tournament: Greenhill | Round: 6 | Opponent: Loyola AP | Judge: Tarun Ratnasabapathy KThe plan's reduction of IP is in line with a broader strategy of medical diplomacy – this treats global health as a game of political football to advance imperialist interests in the long-term – turns case, only anti-capitalist organizing solves.Patanè, 21 Competitive expansion leads to offshoring and induced competition on suppliers – that pits workers against each other, weakens collective bargaining power, and ensures unsafe working conditions.Durand and Milberg, 18 Neoliberalism causes extinction and massive social inequalities – the affs single issue legalistic solution is the exact kind of politics neolib wants us to engage in so the root cause goes unquestioned. Farbod 15 ( Faramarz Farbod , PhD Candidate @ Rutgers, Prof @ Moravian College, Monthly Review, http://mrzine.monthlyreview.org/2015/farbod020615.html, 6-2) The alternative is a class-based critique of the system—pedagogical spaces are the crucial staging ground for keeping socialism on the horizonMcLaren, Distinguished Fellow – Critical Studies @ Chapman U and UCLA urban schooling prof, and Scatamburlo-D'Annibale, associate professor of Communication – U Windsor, '4 | 10/9/21 |
SO - PIC - US vs CannabisTournament: Greenhill | Round: 3 | Opponent: Southlake Carroll EP | Judge: Felicity Park | 10/9/21 |
SO - T - Framework V1Tournament: Heritage Hall | Round: 4 | Opponent: Little Rock Central MG | Judge: Richard Li “Resolved” before a colon reflects a legislative forum Definition of medicines Definition of WTO Here's a list of its member nations – https://www.wto.org/english/thewto_e/whatis_e/tif_e/org6_e.htm Violation: TVA: Our interp is compatible with them reading B Standards – 1 Changing the topic post facto structurally favors the aff by manipulating balance of prep and obliterating limits – vote neg because debate is a competitive game that’s meaningless without substantive constraints. 2 Also key to have well-prepared opponents. Exclusionary rule: They transform debate into a monologue which means their arguments are presumptively false because they haven’t been subjected to well researched scrutiny. Switch-side debate is good for portable skills and the TVA solves critical engagement on both sides 3 Their model creates a structural disincentive to substantial research. Failure to defend the actor and mechanism of the resolution allows them to shift their advocacy to the terms most favorable to them – causes dogmatism and forces the neg into generics at the margins of the literature – destroys good scholarship. 4 Moral hazard – they allow truisms like "racism bad" which are impossible to negate ethically – that makes debate unsafe C Drop the debater on T – the round is already skewed from the beginning because their advocacy excluded my ability to generate NC offense – letting them sever doesn’t solve. Debate is a game- forced winner/loser, speech times etc prove. Other impacts like activism or education can also be pursued in other forums, you can only win competitive debates at a debate tournament. Game recognition makes fairness the most important impact – both teams should have equal access to the ballot. D Use competing interpretations – reasonability invites arbitrary judge intervention based on preference rather than argumentation and encourages a race to the bottom in which debaters will exploit a judge’s tolerance for questionable argumentation. | 10/9/21 |
SO - T - Medicine vs CRISPRTournament: Heart of Texas | Round: 6 | Opponent: Immaculate Heart JL | Judge: Mohul Aggarwal TA~ Interpretation – the affirmative must reduce IP protections for medicines, not medical technology1~ Medicines are consumable substances that treat or prevent diseaseKurrer 21 ~Christian Kurrer, Policy Analyst at European Parliament. "Medicines and Medical Devices," European Parliament, 05-2021, accessed 9-2-2021, https://www.europarl.europa.eu/factsheets/en/sheet/50/medicines-and-medical-devices~~ HWIC 2~ CRISPR is a gene editing platform, it can help develop medicine(s) but it is not medicineEditas No Date 3~ Process, not drugKhatri, MD, 19 B~ Violation- the plan reduces protections on medical research technology, not medicine.C~ Standards –1~ Precision – prefer qualified evidence from experts with intent to define over contextual evidence from journalists that is less precise2~ Ground – they arbitrarily jettison "medicine" from the topic which turns and o/w aff clash arguments bc one-sided topic education doesn't matter if we can't engage w/ it3~ Limits – expanding beyond a strict definition of medicine opens the floodgates and makes neg prep impossible –FDA Fact Sheet No Date https://www.fda.gov/about-fda/fda-basics/fact-sheet-fda-glance 4~ Extra topicality and effects T are voting issues – vague plan mechanisms cause 2NR meltdown as we are forced to go for T or a CP to get back to square oneD~ Topicality is a voting issue for predictable limits- it tells the negative what they do and do not have to prepare for. Use competing interpretations – reasonability causes a race to the bottom for questionable argumentationAt best it means they don't solve bc the plantext is the therapeutic technique / base protein that other drugs are derived from, not the drugs themselves | 10/18/21 |
SO - T - Medicine vs CannabisTournament: Greenhill | Round: 3 | Opponent: Southlake Carroll EP | Judge: Felicity Park Interpretation – Cannabis is a plant, not a medicine. FDA and CDC definitions prove. Violation: the plantext Standards: Limits and ground. Expanding the definition of “medicine” to anything that could be used in a medical setting floods the neg with cases to prep for – everything from new methods of chemo to upgrading stethoscopes becomes topical. Paradigm: Fairness – Debate is a competitive activity governed by rules. You can’t evaluate who did better debating if the round is structurally skewed, so fairness is a gateway to substantive debate. DTD – Time spent on theory cant be compensated for, the 1nc was already skewed, and its key to deterring abuse. Prefer Competing interps -
2. it Causes a race to the bottom where debaters push the limit as to how reasonably abusive, they can be. No RVI’s -
2. incentivizes theory baiting where you can just bait theory to win. | 10/9/21 |
SO - T - Protections allTournament: Greenhill | Round: 2 | Opponent: Plano East AW | Judge: Chris Theis B Violation: companies can choose a form of protection that doesn't get reduced (from their solvency advocate) C Vote neg— 1 Semantics outweigh -- 2 Limits: D Paradigm Issues – 1 T is DTD – their abusive advocacy skewed the debate from the start 2 Comes before 1AR theory -- A If we had to be abusive it’s because it was impossible to engage their aff B T outweighs on scope because their abuse affected every speech that came after the 1AC C Topic norms outweigh on urgency – we only have a few months to set them 3 Use competing interps on T – A topicality is a yes/no question, you can’t be reasonably topical B reasonability invites arbitrary judge intervention and a race to the bottom of questionable argumentation 4 No RVIs – A Forcing the 1NC to go all in on the shell kills substance education and neg strat B discourages checking real abuse C Encourages baiting – outweighs because if the shell is frivolous, they can beat it quickly | 9/19/21 |
SO - T - Reduce PermamentTournament: Heart of Texas | Round: 3 | Opponent: Strake JK | Judge: Yardley Rosas Reynolds 59 – Judge (In the Matter of Doris A. Montesani, Petitioner, v. Arthur Levitt, as Comptroller of the State of New York, et al., Respondents NO NUMBER IN ORIGINAL Supreme Court of New York, Appellate Division, Third Department 9 A.D.2d 51; 189 N.Y.S.2d 695; 1959 N.Y. App. Div. LEXIS 7391 August 13, 1959, lexis) Violation: "during pandemics" means theyre reinstated later Vote neg for limits and ground – they cause a race to the bottom of unpredictable affs that reduce IP protections for a short period of time and don’t link to neg disads. | 10/17/21 |
SO - T - Reduce is DiminishTournament: Meadows | Round: 5 | Opponent: Edgemont Junior-Senior AA | Judge: Vishnu Vennelakanti Guy, 91 - Circuit Judge (TIM BOETTGER, BECKY BOETTGER, individually and as Next Friend for their Minor Daughter, AMANDA BOETTGER, Plaintiffs-Appellees, v. OTIS R. BOWEN, Secretary of Health and Human Services (89-1832); and C. PATRICK BABCOCK, Director, Michigan Department of Social Services (89-1831), Defendants-Appellants Nos. 89-1831, 89-1832 UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS FOR THE SIXTH CIRCUIT 923 F.2d 1183; 1991 U.S. App. LEXIS 671) Violation: they don't reduce ip protections, IE zero companies actually lose their IP rights immediately after the aff passes. The plan is a prevention of future increase, which is different from reduction. | 1/28/22 |
SO - T - Reduce must existTournament: Greenhill | Round: 3 | Opponent: Southlake Carroll EP | Judge: Felicity Park Interpretation: the affirmative must defend a reduction of an existing IP protection Reduce means “diminish in size”—you can’t “reduce” protections that don't yet exist Violation: protections don't exist yet in many WTO countries because weed is not legalized At best – they’re extra-T since Cannabis isn’t intrinsically medicinal, it just has medicinal uses so they would reduce Recreational Marijuana patents too which isn’t topical and explodes limits. Standards: Limits – their model would allow getting rid of nonexistent patents and ip protections which decks core neg ground like distribution and innovation – pushes debate to the fringes of the lit which destroys topic edu and clash c/a paradigm issues | 10/9/21 |
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