Harker Thakur Aff
| Tournament | Round | Opponent | Judge | Cites | Round Report | Open Source | Edit/Delete |
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| ASU | 2 | Hamilton GB | Sun, Kevin |
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| ASU | 3 | Desert Vista AD | Gwak, Moon Sung |
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| Any | 1 | Any | Any |
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| Golden Desert | 2 | Strake Jesuit KS | Levy, Lotem |
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| Golden Desert | 3 | Sammamish LW | Clark-Villanueva, Leah |
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| Golden Desert | 6 | Chattahoochee EK | Hanna, Jackson |
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| Golden Desert | Doubles | South Eugene KS | Vanessa Nguyen, Jackson Hanna, Kristina Getty |
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| Harvard Westlake | 1 | Marlborough OO | Davidson, Ari |
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| Harvard Westlake | 3 | Ayala AM | Gedela, Tej |
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| Harvard Westlake | 5 | Immaculate Heart MF | Kuffour, Julian |
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| Harvard Westlake | Octas | Diamond Bar NC | Chris Castillo, Jack Quisenberry, Gordon Krauss |
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| Palm Classic | 2 | Mission San Jose AA | Ying, Derek |
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| Palm Classic | 3 | West Ranch SV | Cortez, Ben |
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| Palm Classic | 5 | Little Rock Central MG | Castillo, Chris |
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| Palm Classic | Triples | Immaculate Heart AW | Daniel Luo, Sruthi Ilangovan, Chris Castillo |
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| TOC | 1 | Troy AP | Williams, Spencer |
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| Tournament | Round | Report |
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| ASU | 2 | Opponent: Hamilton GB | Judge: Sun, Kevin 1AC - Asteroid Mining v1 |
| ASU | 3 | Opponent: Desert Vista AD | Judge: Gwak, Moon Sung 1AC - Asteroid Mining v2 |
| Golden Desert | 2 | Opponent: Strake Jesuit KS | Judge: Levy, Lotem 1AC - Deflection Dilemma |
| Golden Desert | 3 | Opponent: Sammamish LW | Judge: Clark-Villanueva, Leah 1AC - Asteroid Mining v3 |
| Golden Desert | 6 | Opponent: Chattahoochee EK | Judge: Hanna, Jackson 1AC - Asteroid Mining v3 |
| Golden Desert | Doubles | Opponent: South Eugene KS | Judge: Vanessa Nguyen, Jackson Hanna, Kristina Getty 1AC - Asteroid Mining v3 |
| Harvard Westlake | 1 | Opponent: Marlborough OO | Judge: Davidson, Ari 1AC - Asteroid Mining v2 |
| Harvard Westlake | 3 | Opponent: Ayala AM | Judge: Gedela, Tej 1AC - Asteroid Mining v2 |
| Harvard Westlake | 5 | Opponent: Immaculate Heart MF | Judge: Kuffour, Julian 1AC - Asteroid Mining v3 |
| Harvard Westlake | Octas | Opponent: Diamond Bar NC | Judge: Chris Castillo, Jack Quisenberry, Gordon Krauss 1AC - Deflection Dilemma |
| Palm Classic | 2 | Opponent: Mission San Jose AA | Judge: Ying, Derek 1AC - Asteroid Mining v4 |
| Palm Classic | 3 | Opponent: West Ranch SV | Judge: Cortez, Ben 1AC - Asteroid Mining v4 |
| Palm Classic | 5 | Opponent: Little Rock Central MG | Judge: Castillo, Chris 1AC - Asteroid Mining v5 |
| Palm Classic | Triples | Opponent: Immaculate Heart AW | Judge: Daniel Luo, Sruthi Ilangovan, Chris Castillo 1AC - Asteroid Mining v6 |
| TOC | 1 | Opponent: Troy AP | Judge: Williams, Spencer 1AC - Asteroid Mining v7 |
To modify or delete round reports, edit the associated round.
Cites
| Entry | Date |
|---|---|
0 -- Contact InfoTournament: Any | Round: 1 | Opponent: Any | Judge: Any | 1/7/22 |
JanFeb -- Asteroid Mining v1Tournament: ASU | Round: 2 | Opponent: Hamilton GB | Judge: Sun, Kevin 1ACMiningPrivate entities are increasing mining now – US is keyRobert Garcia 18, currently an LLM Candidate in Cornell Law School's Law, Entrepreneurship and Technology program at Cornell Tech in NYC., "Regulating International Space Mining, an Enormous Industry," Pacific Council on International Policy, 10-23-2018, https://www.pacificcouncil.org/newsroom/regulating-international-space-mining-enormous-industry AND increase economic inequality by disproportionately favoring the spacefaring nations remains to be seen. It causes dangerous space mining and deregulation globally – multilateralism solves.Edd Gent 20, freelance science and technology writer, "Space Mining Should Be a Global Project—But It's Not Starting Off That Way," Singularity Hub, 10-12-2020, https://singularityhub.com/2020/10/12/the-us-is-trying-to-hijack-space-mining-and-there-could-be-disastrous-consequences/ AND the rules. As they say, to the victor go the spoils. Dangerous mining greatly increases the risk of space debris.Sarah Scoles 15, "Dust from asteroid mining spells danger for satellites," New Scientist, 5-27-2015, https://www.newscientist.com/article/mg22630235-100-dust-from-asteroid-mining-spells-danger-for-satellites/ AND "A few basic precautions will prevent harm due to stray asteroid material." Clustering makes the risk of collisions uniquely high and the risk is understatedDr. Darren McKnight 17, Ph.D., Technical Director for Integrity Applications, Previously Senior Vice President and Director of Science and Technology Strategy at Science Applications International Corporation, "Proposed Series of Orbital Debris Remediation Activities," 3rd International Conference and Exhibition on Satellite and Space Missions, 5/13/2017, https://iaaweb.org/iaa/Scientific20Activity/debrisminutes03166.pdf ~graphics omitted~ AND population in the 820- 865km altitude region for the last nine months. Debris cascades cause global nuke warLes Johnson 13, Deputy Manager for NASA's Advanced Concepts Office at the Marshall Space Flight Center, Co-Investigator for the JAXA T-Rex Space Tether Experiment and PI of NASA's ProSEDS Experiment, Master's Degree in Physics from Vanderbilt University, Popular Science Writer, and NASA Technologist, Frequent Contributor to the Journal of the British Interplanetary Sodety and Member of the American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, National Space Society, the World Future Society, and MENSA, Sky Alert!: When Satellites Fail, p. 9-12 ~language modified~ AND , our military advantage over potential adversaries would be dramatically reduced or eliminated. Nuke war causes extinction – won’t stay limitedEdwards 17 ~Paul N. Edwards, CISAC’s William J. Perry Fellow in International Security at Stanford’s Freeman Spogli Institute for International Studies. Being interviewed by EarthSky. How nuclear war would affect Earth’s climate. September 8, 2017. earthsky.org/human-world/how-nuclear-war-would-affect-earths-climate~ Note, we are only reading parts of the interview that are directly from Paul Edwards — MMG AND two nuclear powers would stay limited to these smaller, less destructive bombs. Satellites are key to environmental monitoring – debris collapses it and causes climate extinctionBen Biggs 18, PhD Researcher in Computer Vision and Deep Learning at the University of Cambridge, "How Satellites Can Protect Planet Earth From Disaster", HowItWorks Daily, 12/22/2018, https://www.howitworksdaily.com/how-satellites-can-protect-planet-earth-from-disaster/ AND or worse, and monitoring that change is vital to our planet’s survival. MultilatPrivate appropriation by US entities risks unraveling multilateral space governance.Mike Wall 20, Senior Space Writer, "US policy could thwart sustainable space development, researchers say," Space, 10-8-2020, https://www.space.com/us-space-policy-mining-artemis-accords AND maneuver itself away from potential impacts three times so far in 2020 alone. Pursuing mining multilaterally to the benefit of all is key to solve future space governance.Jack M. Beard 17, Assistant Professor of Law at the University of Nebraska College of Law, Space, Cyber and Telecommunications Law Program, LLM from Georgetown University, JD from the University of Michigan School of Law, and Former Associate Deputy General Counsel (International Affairs) at the Department of Defense, Former Lieutenant Colonel in the Judge Advocate General's Corps in the U.S. Army Reserve, "Soft Law's Failure on the Horizon: The International Code of Conduct for Outer Space Activities", University of Pennsylvania Journal of International Law, Spring 2017, 38 U. Pa. J. Int'l L. 335, Lexis AND impossible, and could risk further weakening rather than improving the Code. 242 Cooperative space governance solves existential threatsDr. Joseph N. Pelton 17, PhD in International Relations from Georgetown University, Director Emeritus of the Space and Advanced Communications Research Institute at George Washington University, The New Gold Rush: The Riches of Space Beckon!, p. 1-9 AND global space agreements, are part of this new pathway to the future. Resource shortages — nuclear warFrosty Woolridge 9, Former Officer at the US Army Medical Service Corps, "America Galloping Toward Its Greatest Crisis in the 21st Century", The Examiner, 5-22, http://www.examiner.com/examiner/x-3515-Denver-Political-Issues-Examiner~~y2009m5d22-America-galloping-toward-its-greatest-crisis-in-the-21st-century AND worst (and not unlikely) case, a nuclear war ending civilization. PlanPlan: Space faring nations should establish a multilateral agreement that restricts asteroid mining done by private entitiesKey to solve conflict and space debris.Ramin Skibba 18, science writer and astrophysicist based in Santa Cruz and San Diego., " Mining in Space Could Lead to Conflicts on Earth," Nautilus, 5-2-2018, https://nautil.us/blog/-mining-in-space-could-lead-to-conflicts-on-earth AND explore the solar system as its steward without repeating our economically rapacious past. Agreement is enforceable and solves.James McSweeney 20, J.D. Candidate, May 2020, University of Louisville Brandeis School of Law, "LIVE LONG AND PROSPER: THE NEED FOR A NEW MULTILATERAL AGREEMENT GOVERNING ASTEROID MINING," lexis AND some of the worries of corporate investors would be alleviated by a multilateral agreement FrameworkThe standard is maximizing expected wellbeing.1~ Extinction outweighs – value to life is inevitable, so subjective it can’t be the basis for impact calculus, and discussing extinction is good even if we don’t solve itKhan 18 ~Risalat, activist and entrepreneur from Bangladesh passionate about addressing climate change, biodiversity loss, and other existential challenges. He was featured by The Guardian as one of the "young climate campaigners to watch" (2015). As a campaigner with the global civic movement Avaaz (2014-17), Risalat was part of a small core team that spearheaded the largest climate marches in history with a turnout of over 800,000 across 2,000 cities. After fighting for the Paris Agreement, Risalat led a campaign joined by over a million people to stop the Rampal coal plant in Bangladesh to protect the Sundarbans World Heritage forest, and elicited criticism of the plant from Crédit Agricolé through targeted advocacy. Currently, Risalat is pursuing an MPA in Environmental Science and Policy at Columbia University as a SIPA Environmental Fellow, "5 reasons why we need to start talking about existential risks," https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2018/01/5-reasons-start-talking-existential-risks-extinction-moriori/~~ AND cause in survival. Our future may depend on whether we realize this. 2~ Actor-specificityMack 4 ~(Peter, MBBS, FRCS(Ed), FRCS (Glasg), PhD, MBA, MHlthEcon) "Utilitarian Ethics in Healthcare." International Journal of the Computer, the Internet, and Management Vol. 12, No.3. 2004. Department of Surgery. Singapore General Hospital.~ SJDI AND the utility and any non-utility aspects of the situation are ignored. States lack wills or intentions since policies are collective actions. No act- omission distinction— governments must vote on bills, so inaction is an explicit act taken, and governments are responsible for the public sphere and every policy entails tradeoffs so they must aggregate. Actor-specificity comes first since different agents have different ethical standings.3~ only util can explain degrees of wrongness – it is worse to lie about taking a dying friend to the hospital than it is to lie about how someone looks – either ethical theories cannot explain comparative badness, or they collapse to util4 – Non util ethics are impossibleGreene 10 – Joshua, Associate Professor of Social science in the Department of Psychology at Harvard University AND religion, they don't really explain what's distinctive about the philosophy in question. | 1/7/22 |
JanFeb -- Asteroid Mining v2Tournament: ASU | Round: 3 | Opponent: Desert Vista AD | Judge: Gwak, Moon Sung 1ACMiningPrivate entities are increasing mining now – US is keyRobert Garcia 18, currently an LLM Candidate in Cornell Law School's Law, Entrepreneurship and Technology program at Cornell Tech in NYC., "Regulating International Space Mining, an Enormous Industry," Pacific Council on International Policy, 10-23-2018, https://www.pacificcouncil.org/newsroom/regulating-international-space-mining-enormous-industry AND increase economic inequality by disproportionately favoring the spacefaring nations remains to be seen. It causes dangerous space mining and deregulation globally – multilateralism solves.Edd Gent 20, freelance science and technology writer, "Space Mining Should Be a Global Project—But It's Not Starting Off That Way," Singularity Hub, 10-12-2020, https://singularityhub.com/2020/10/12/the-us-is-trying-to-hijack-space-mining-and-there-could-be-disastrous-consequences/ AND the rules. As they say, to the victor go the spoils. Dangerous mining greatly increases the risk of space debris.Sarah Scoles 15, "Dust from asteroid mining spells danger for satellites," New Scientist, 5-27-2015, https://www.newscientist.com/article/mg22630235-100-dust-from-asteroid-mining-spells-danger-for-satellites/ AND "A few basic precautions will prevent harm due to stray asteroid material." Clustering makes the risk of collisions uniquely high and the risk is understatedDr. Darren McKnight 17, Ph.D., Technical Director for Integrity Applications, Previously Senior Vice President and Director of Science and Technology Strategy at Science Applications International Corporation, "Proposed Series of Orbital Debris Remediation Activities," 3rd International Conference and Exhibition on Satellite and Space Missions, 5/13/2017, https://iaaweb.org/iaa/Scientific20Activity/debrisminutes03166.pdf ~graphics omitted~ AND population in the 820- 865km altitude region for the last nine months. Debris cascades cause global nuke warLes Johnson 13, Deputy Manager for NASA's Advanced Concepts Office at the Marshall Space Flight Center, Co-Investigator for the JAXA T-Rex Space Tether Experiment and PI of NASA's ProSEDS Experiment, Master's Degree in Physics from Vanderbilt University, Popular Science Writer, and NASA Technologist, Frequent Contributor to the Journal of the British Interplanetary Sodety and Member of the American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, National Space Society, the World Future Society, and MENSA, Sky Alert!: When Satellites Fail, p. 9-12 ~language modified~ AND , our military advantage over potential adversaries would be dramatically reduced or eliminated. Nuke war causes extinction – won’t stay limitedEdwards 17 ~Paul N. Edwards, CISAC’s William J. Perry Fellow in International Security at Stanford’s Freeman Spogli Institute for International Studies. Being interviewed by EarthSky. How nuclear war would affect Earth’s climate. September 8, 2017. earthsky.org/human-world/how-nuclear-war-would-affect-earths-climate~ Note, we are only reading parts of the interview that are directly from Paul Edwards — MMG AND two nuclear powers would stay limited to these smaller, less destructive bombs. Satellites are key to environmental monitoring – debris collapses it and causes climate extinctionBen Biggs 18, PhD Researcher in Computer Vision and Deep Learning at the University of Cambridge, "How Satellites Can Protect Planet Earth From Disaster", HowItWorks Daily, 12/22/2018, https://www.howitworksdaily.com/how-satellites-can-protect-planet-earth-from-disaster/ AND or worse, and monitoring that change is vital to our planet’s survival. MultilatPrivate appropriation by US entities risks unraveling multilateral space governance.Mike Wall 20, Senior Space Writer, "US policy could thwart sustainable space development, researchers say," Space, 10-8-2020, https://www.space.com/us-space-policy-mining-artemis-accords AND maneuver itself away from potential impacts three times so far in 2020 alone. Pursuing mining multilaterally to the benefit of all is key to solve future space governance.Jack M. Beard 17, Assistant Professor of Law at the University of Nebraska College of Law, Space, Cyber and Telecommunications Law Program, LLM from Georgetown University, JD from the University of Michigan School of Law, and Former Associate Deputy General Counsel (International Affairs) at the Department of Defense, Former Lieutenant Colonel in the Judge Advocate General's Corps in the U.S. Army Reserve, "Soft Law's Failure on the Horizon: The International Code of Conduct for Outer Space Activities", University of Pennsylvania Journal of International Law, Spring 2017, 38 U. Pa. J. Int'l L. 335, Lexis AND impossible, and could risk further weakening rather than improving the Code. 242 Cooperative space governance solves existential threatsDr. Joseph N. Pelton 17, PhD in International Relations from Georgetown University, Director Emeritus of the Space and Advanced Communications Research Institute at George Washington University, The New Gold Rush: The Riches of Space Beckon!, p. 1-9 AND global space agreements, are part of this new pathway to the future. A single terrorist detonation causes automatic launch of 15,000 nukesWebber 19 ~Dr Philip Webber has written widely on nuclear issues and is Chair of Scientists for Global Responsibility (SGR) – a membership organisation promoting responsible science and technology. We will all end up killing each other and one nuclear blast could do it. May 18, 2019. https://metro.co.uk/2019/05/18/we-will-all-end-up-killing-each-other-and-one-nuclear-blast-could-do-it-9370115/~~ AND disaster. A similar nuclear stand-off exists between India and Pakistan. Resource shortages — nuclear warFrosty Woolridge 9, Former Officer at the US Army Medical Service Corps, "America Galloping Toward Its Greatest Crisis in the 21st Century", The Examiner, 5-22, http://www.examiner.com/examiner/x-3515-Denver-Political-Issues-Examiner~~y2009m5d22-America-galloping-toward-its-greatest-crisis-in-the-21st-century AND worst (and not unlikely) case, a nuclear war ending civilization. PlanPlan: Space faring nations should establish a multilateral agreement that restricts asteroid mining done by private entitiesKey to solve conflict and space debris.Ramin Skibba 18, science writer and astrophysicist based in Santa Cruz and San Diego., " Mining in Space Could Lead to Conflicts on Earth," Nautilus, 5-2-2018, https://nautil.us/blog/-mining-in-space-could-lead-to-conflicts-on-earth AND explore the solar system as its steward without repeating our economically rapacious past. Agreement is enforceable and solves.James McSweeney 20, J.D. Candidate, May 2020, University of Louisville Brandeis School of Law, "LIVE LONG AND PROSPER: THE NEED FOR A NEW MULTILATERAL AGREEMENT GOVERNING ASTEROID MINING," lexis AND some of the worries of corporate investors would be alleviated by a multilateral agreement FrameworkThe standard is maximizing expected wellbeing.1~ Extinction outweighs – value to life is inevitable, so subjective it can’t be the basis for impact calculus, and discussing extinction is good even if we don’t solve itKhan 18 ~Risalat, activist and entrepreneur from Bangladesh passionate about addressing climate change, biodiversity loss, and other existential challenges. He was featured by The Guardian as one of the "young climate campaigners to watch" (2015). As a campaigner with the global civic movement Avaaz (2014-17), Risalat was part of a small core team that spearheaded the largest climate marches in history with a turnout of over 800,000 across 2,000 cities. After fighting for the Paris Agreement, Risalat led a campaign joined by over a million people to stop the Rampal coal plant in Bangladesh to protect the Sundarbans World Heritage forest, and elicited criticism of the plant from Crédit Agricolé through targeted advocacy. Currently, Risalat is pursuing an MPA in Environmental Science and Policy at Columbia University as a SIPA Environmental Fellow, "5 reasons why we need to start talking about existential risks," https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2018/01/5-reasons-start-talking-existential-risks-extinction-moriori/~~ AND cause in survival. Our future may depend on whether we realize this. 2~ Actor-specificityMack 4 ~(Peter, MBBS, FRCS(Ed), FRCS (Glasg), PhD, MBA, MHlthEcon) "Utilitarian Ethics in Healthcare." International Journal of the Computer, the Internet, and Management Vol. 12, No.3. 2004. Department of Surgery. Singapore General Hospital.~ SJDI AND the utility and any non-utility aspects of the situation are ignored. States lack wills or intentions since policies are collective actions. No act- omission distinction— governments must vote on bills, so inaction is an explicit act taken, and governments are responsible for the public sphere and every policy entails tradeoffs so they must aggregate. Actor-specificity comes first since different agents have different ethical standings.3~ only util can explain degrees of wrongness – it is worse to lie about taking a dying friend to the hospital than it is to lie about how someone looks – either ethical theories cannot explain comparative badness, or they collapse to util4~ Non util ethics are impossibleGreene 10 – Joshua, Associate Professor of Social science in the Department of Psychology at Harvard University AND religion, they don't really explain what's distinctive about the philosophy in question. | 1/8/22 |
JanFeb -- Asteroid Mining v3Tournament: Harvard Westlake | Round: 5 | Opponent: Immaculate Heart MF | Judge: Kuffour, Julian 1ACMiningPrivate entities are increasing mining now – US is keyRobert Garcia 18, currently an LLM Candidate in Cornell Law School's Law, Entrepreneurship and Technology program at Cornell Tech in NYC., "Regulating International Space Mining, an Enormous Industry," Pacific Council on International Policy, 10-23-2018, https://www.pacificcouncil.org/newsroom/regulating-international-space-mining-enormous-industry AND increase economic inequality by disproportionately favoring the spacefaring nations remains to be seen. It causes dangerous space mining and deregulation globally – multilateralism solves.Edd Gent 20, freelance science and technology writer, "Space Mining Should Be a Global Project—But It's Not Starting Off That Way," Singularity Hub, 10-12-2020, https://singularityhub.com/2020/10/12/the-us-is-trying-to-hijack-space-mining-and-there-could-be-disastrous-consequences/ AND the rules. As they say, to the victor go the spoils. Dangerous mining greatly increases the risk of space debris.Sarah Scoles 15, "Dust from asteroid mining spells danger for satellites," New Scientist, 5-27-2015, https://www.newscientist.com/article/mg22630235-100-dust-from-asteroid-mining-spells-danger-for-satellites/ AND "A few basic precautions will prevent harm due to stray asteroid material." Clustering makes the risk of collisions uniquely high and the risk is understatedDr. Darren McKnight 17, Ph.D., Technical Director for Integrity Applications, Previously Senior Vice President and Director of Science and Technology Strategy at Science Applications International Corporation, "Proposed Series of Orbital Debris Remediation Activities," 3rd International Conference and Exhibition on Satellite and Space Missions, 5/13/2017, https://iaaweb.org/iaa/Scientific20Activity/debrisminutes03166.pdf ~graphics omitted~ AND population in the 820- 865km altitude region for the last nine months. Debris cascades cause global nuke warLes Johnson 13, Deputy Manager for NASA's Advanced Concepts Office at the Marshall Space Flight Center, Co-Investigator for the JAXA T-Rex Space Tether Experiment and PI of NASA's ProSEDS Experiment, Master's Degree in Physics from Vanderbilt University, Popular Science Writer, and NASA Technologist, Frequent Contributor to the Journal of the British Interplanetary Sodety and Member of the American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, National Space Society, the World Future Society, and MENSA, Sky Alert!: When Satellites Fail, p. 9-12 ~language modified~ AND , our military advantage over potential adversaries would be dramatically reduced or eliminated. Nuke war causes extinction – won’t stay limitedEdwards 17 ~Paul N. Edwards, CISAC’s William J. Perry Fellow in International Security at Stanford’s Freeman Spogli Institute for International Studies. Being interviewed by EarthSky. How nuclear war would affect Earth’s climate. September 8, 2017. earthsky.org/human-world/how-nuclear-war-would-affect-earths-climate~ Note, we are only reading parts of the interview that are directly from Paul Edwards — MMG AND two nuclear powers would stay limited to these smaller, less destructive bombs. Satellites are key to environmental monitoring – debris collapses it and causes climate extinctionBen Biggs 18, PhD Researcher in Computer Vision and Deep Learning at the University of Cambridge, "How Satellites Can Protect Planet Earth From Disaster", HowItWorks Daily, 12/22/2018, https://www.howitworksdaily.com/how-satellites-can-protect-planet-earth-from-disaster/ AND or worse, and monitoring that change is vital to our planet’s survival. MultilatPrivate appropriation by US entities risks unraveling multilateral space governance.Mike Wall 20, Senior Space Writer, "US policy could thwart sustainable space development, researchers say," Space, 10-8-2020, https://www.space.com/us-space-policy-mining-artemis-accords AND maneuver itself away from potential impacts three times so far in 2020 alone. Pursuing mining multilaterally to the benefit of all is key to solve future space governance.Jack M. Beard 17, Assistant Professor of Law at the University of Nebraska College of Law, Space, Cyber and Telecommunications Law Program, LLM from Georgetown University, JD from the University of Michigan School of Law, and Former Associate Deputy General Counsel (International Affairs) at the Department of Defense, Former Lieutenant Colonel in the Judge Advocate General's Corps in the U.S. Army Reserve, "Soft Law's Failure on the Horizon: The International Code of Conduct for Outer Space Activities", University of Pennsylvania Journal of International Law, Spring 2017, 38 U. Pa. J. Int'l L. 335, Lexis AND impossible, and could risk further weakening rather than improving the Code. 242 Cooperative space governance solves existential threatsDr. Joseph N. Pelton 17, PhD in International Relations from Georgetown University, Director Emeritus of the Space and Advanced Communications Research Institute at George Washington University, The New Gold Rush: The Riches of Space Beckon!, p. 1-9 AND global space agreements, are part of this new pathway to the future. A single terrorist detonation causes automatic launch of 15,000 nukesWebber 19 ~Dr Philip Webber has written widely on nuclear issues and is Chair of Scientists for Global Responsibility (SGR) – a membership organisation promoting responsible science and technology. We will all end up killing each other and one nuclear blast could do it. May 18, 2019. https://metro.co.uk/2019/05/18/we-will-all-end-up-killing-each-other-and-one-nuclear-blast-could-do-it-9370115/~~ AND disaster. A similar nuclear stand-off exists between India and Pakistan. Resource shortages — nuclear warFrosty Woolridge 9, Former Officer at the US Army Medical Service Corps, "America Galloping Toward Its Greatest Crisis in the 21st Century", The Examiner, 5-22, http://www.examiner.com/examiner/x-3515-Denver-Political-Issues-Examiner~~y2009m5d22-America-galloping-toward-its-greatest-crisis-in-the-21st-century AND worst (and not unlikely) case, a nuclear war ending civilization. PlanPlan: Space faring states should establish a multilateral agreement that restricts asteroid mining done by private entities.Key to solve conflict and space debris.Ramin Skibba 18, science writer and astrophysicist based in Santa Cruz and San Diego., " Mining in Space Could Lead to Conflicts on Earth," Nautilus, 5-2-2018, https://nautil.us/blog/-mining-in-space-could-lead-to-conflicts-on-earth AND explore the solar system as its steward without repeating our economically rapacious past. Agreement is enforceable and solves.James McSweeney 20, J.D. Candidate, May 2020, University of Louisville Brandeis School of Law, "LIVE LONG AND PROSPER: THE NEED FOR A NEW MULTILATERAL AGREEMENT GOVERNING ASTEROID MINING," lexis AND some of the worries of corporate investors would be alleviated by a multilateral agreement FrameworkThe standard is maximizing expected wellbeing.1~ Extinction outweighs – value to life is inevitable, so subjective it can’t be the basis for impact calculus, and discussing extinction is good even if we don’t solve itKhan 18 ~Risalat, activist and entrepreneur from Bangladesh passionate about addressing climate change, biodiversity loss, and other existential challenges. He was featured by The Guardian as one of the "young climate campaigners to watch" (2015). As a campaigner with the global civic movement Avaaz (2014-17), Risalat was part of a small core team that spearheaded the largest climate marches in history with a turnout of over 800,000 across 2,000 cities. After fighting for the Paris Agreement, Risalat led a campaign joined by over a million people to stop the Rampal coal plant in Bangladesh to protect the Sundarbans World Heritage forest, and elicited criticism of the plant from Crédit Agricolé through targeted advocacy. Currently, Risalat is pursuing an MPA in Environmental Science and Policy at Columbia University as a SIPA Environmental Fellow, "5 reasons why we need to start talking about existential risks," https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2018/01/5-reasons-start-talking-existential-risks-extinction-moriori/~~ AND cause in survival. Our future may depend on whether we realize this. 2~ Actor-specificityMack 4 ~(Peter, MBBS, FRCS(Ed), FRCS (Glasg), PhD, MBA, MHlthEcon) "Utilitarian Ethics in Healthcare." International Journal of the Computer, the Internet, and Management Vol. 12, No.3. 2004. Department of Surgery. Singapore General Hospital.~ SJDI AND the utility and any non-utility aspects of the situation are ignored. States lack wills or intentions since policies are collective actions. No act- omission distinction— governments must vote on bills, so inaction is an explicit act taken, and governments are responsible for the public sphere and every policy entails tradeoffs so they must aggregate. Actor-specificity comes first since different agents have different ethical standings.3~ only util can explain degrees of wrongness – it is worse to lie about taking a dying friend to the hospital than it is to lie about how someone looks – either ethical theories cannot explain comparative badness, or they collapse to util4~ Non util ethics are impossibleGreene 10 – Joshua, Associate Professor of Social science in the Department of Psychology at Harvard University AND religion, they don't really explain what's distinctive about the philosophy in question. | 1/16/22 |
JanFeb -- Asteroid Mining v4Tournament: Palm Classic | Round: 2 | Opponent: Mission San Jose AA | Judge: Ying, Derek 1ACMiningPrivate entities are increasing mining now – US is keyRobert Garcia 18, currently an LLM Candidate in Cornell Law School's Law, Entrepreneurship and Technology program at Cornell Tech in NYC., "Regulating International Space Mining, an Enormous Industry," Pacific Council on International Policy, 10-23-2018, https://www.pacificcouncil.org/newsroom/regulating-international-space-mining-enormous-industry AND increase economic inequality by disproportionately favoring the spacefaring nations remains to be seen. It causes dangerous space mining and deregulation globally – multilateralism solves.Edd Gent 20, freelance science and technology writer, "Space Mining Should Be a Global Project—But It's Not Starting Off That Way," Singularity Hub, 10-12-2020, https://singularityhub.com/2020/10/12/the-us-is-trying-to-hijack-space-mining-and-there-could-be-disastrous-consequences/ AND the rules. As they say, to the victor go the spoils. Dangerous mining greatly increases the risk of space debris.Sarah Scoles 15, "Dust from asteroid mining spells danger for satellites," New Scientist, 5-27-2015, https://www.newscientist.com/article/mg22630235-100-dust-from-asteroid-mining-spells-danger-for-satellites/ AND "A few basic precautions will prevent harm due to stray asteroid material." Clustering makes the risk of collisions uniquely high and the risk is understatedDr. Darren McKnight 17, Ph.D., Technical Director for Integrity Applications, Previously Senior Vice President and Director of Science and Technology Strategy at Science Applications International Corporation, "Proposed Series of Orbital Debris Remediation Activities," 3rd International Conference and Exhibition on Satellite and Space Missions, 5/13/2017, https://iaaweb.org/iaa/Scientific20Activity/debrisminutes03166.pdf ~graphics omitted~ AND population in the 820- 865km altitude region for the last nine months. Debris cascades cause global nuke warLes Johnson 13, Deputy Manager for NASA's Advanced Concepts Office at the Marshall Space Flight Center, Co-Investigator for the JAXA T-Rex Space Tether Experiment and PI of NASA's ProSEDS Experiment, Master's Degree in Physics from Vanderbilt University, Popular Science Writer, and NASA Technologist, Frequent Contributor to the Journal of the British Interplanetary Sodety and Member of the American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, National Space Society, the World Future Society, and MENSA, Sky Alert!: When Satellites Fail, p. 9-12 ~language modified~ AND , our military advantage over potential adversaries would be dramatically reduced or eliminated. Debris removal tech is interpreted as weaponry – that escalatesDavid 21 (Leonard David, ~a space journalist, reporting on space activities for over 50 years. Leonard is author of the new book, Moon Rush: The New Space Race, published by National Geographic in May 2019. Mr. David is also author of Mars – Our Future on the Red Planet published by National Geographic in October 2016.~, 4-14-2021, "Space Junk Removal Is Not Going Smoothly", Scientific American, accessed: 1-22-2022, https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/space-junk-removal-is-not-going-smoothly/) ajs AND know for sure in advance how they’ll be used on any given day." Misperception means it goes nuclear.Rovner 17 – Professor of Political Science, SMU (Joshua, "Two kinds of catastrophe: nuclear escalation and protracted war in Asia," Journal of Strategic Studies, http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/01402390.2017.1293532?journalCode=fjss20) AND or force carrier groups to operate at prohibitively long distances from the mainland. Nuke war causes extinction – won’t stay limitedEdwards 17 ~Paul N. Edwards, CISAC’s William J. Perry Fellow in International Security at Stanford’s Freeman Spogli Institute for International Studies. Being interviewed by EarthSky. How nuclear war would affect Earth’s climate. September 8, 2017. earthsky.org/human-world/how-nuclear-war-would-affect-earths-climate~ Note, we are only reading parts of the interview that are directly from Paul Edwards — MMG AND two nuclear powers would stay limited to these smaller, less destructive bombs. Satellites are key to environmental monitoring – debris collapses it and causes climate extinctionBen Biggs 18, PhD Researcher in Computer Vision and Deep Learning at the University of Cambridge, "How Satellites Can Protect Planet Earth From Disaster", HowItWorks Daily, 12/22/2018, https://www.howitworksdaily.com/how-satellites-can-protect-planet-earth-from-disaster/ AND or worse, and monitoring that change is vital to our planet’s survival. DeflectionCommercialized proximity mining operations create dual-use deflection risks – inherent interoperability makes dangerous repurposing easy and likelyHowe 15 ~Jim Howe is a writer and policy analyst who focuses on space and national security issues. He works in the nuclear power industry. COMMON GROUND: Asteroid Mining and Planetary Defense. Summer 2015. https://space.nss.org/media/Asteroid-Mining-And-Planetary-Defense.pdf~~ AND suite of mining equipment to the surface of a resource-rich body. That increases the risk of accidental collisions, astro-terror, and space weaponizationMares 15 ~Miroslav Mares, Professor, at the Division of Security and Strategic Studies, Masaryk University, Czech Republic. Jakub Drmola PhD student, at the Divison of Security and Strategic Studies, Masaryk University, Czech Republic. Revisiting the deflection dilemma. October 1, 2015. https://academic.oup.com/astrogeo/article/56/5/5.15/235650~~ AND detect any hostile inflection attempts among the number of legitimate and benign ones. The dilemma causes the most power WMD ever – it’s more likely than natural hits and structurally outweighsDeudney 20 ~Daniel H. Deudney is professor of political science, international relations and political theory at Johns Hopkins University. He holds a BA in political science and philosophy from Yale University, a MPA in science, technology, and public policy from the George Washington University, and a PhD in political science from Princeton University. "Dark Skies: Space Expansionism, Planetary Geopolitics, and the Ends of Humanity." Google Books~ AND mentioned), Sagan points to the possibilities of clandestine use of this technology. Accidental and intentional deflection attacks outweigh the threat of conventional hits – only building in response time with enhanced tracking and attribution solves rogue strikes that bypass conventional deterrenceDello-Iacovo 18 ~Michael, PhD candidate (Mining Engineering), emphasis on space science, looking at asteroid exploration, mining and impact risk @ University of New South Wales. "Asteroids and comets as space weapons," http://www.michaeldello.com/asteroids-comets-space-weapons/~~ AND wouldn’t be expected to kill all human life, which would eventually rebuild. Even limited deflection failures cause nuke war because they look like preemptive strikes and the risk is inversely proportion to sizeLovett 19, ~Richard Lovett is a Cosmos contributor, The biggest danger about an asteroid strike? Lawyers, Blasting away at incoming space rock raises real risks of nuclear war, experts say. Richard A Lovett reports, May 7, https://cosmosmagazine.com/space/the-biggest-danger-about-an-asteroid-strike-lawyers~~ AND a media frenzy (assuming people didn’t brand it as "fake news"). PlanPlan: Space faring states should restrict asteroid mining done by private entities.FrameworkThe standard is maximizing expected wellbeing.1~ Extinction outweighs – value to life is inevitable, so subjective it can’t be the basis for impact calculus, and discussing extinction is good even if we don’t solve itKhan 18 ~Risalat, activist and entrepreneur from Bangladesh passionate about addressing climate change, biodiversity loss, and other existential challenges. He was featured by The Guardian as one of the "young climate campaigners to watch" (2015). As a campaigner with the global civic movement Avaaz (2014-17), Risalat was part of a small core team that spearheaded the largest climate marches in history with a turnout of over 800,000 across 2,000 cities. After fighting for the Paris Agreement, Risalat led a campaign joined by over a million people to stop the Rampal coal plant in Bangladesh to protect the Sundarbans World Heritage forest, and elicited criticism of the plant from Crédit Agricolé through targeted advocacy. Currently, Risalat is pursuing an MPA in Environmental Science and Policy at Columbia University as a SIPA Environmental Fellow, "5 reasons why we need to start talking about existential risks," https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2018/01/5-reasons-start-talking-existential-risks-extinction-moriori/~~ AND cause in survival. Our future may depend on whether we realize this. 2~ only util can explain degrees of wrongness – it is worse to lie about taking a dying friend to the hospital than it is to lie about how someone looks – either ethical theories cannot explain comparative badness, or they collapse to util3~ Non util ethics are impossibleGreene 10 – Joshua, Associate Professor of Social science in the Department of Psychology at Harvard University AND religion, they don't really explain what's distinctive about the philosophy in question. | 2/12/22 |
JanFeb -- Asteroid Mining v5Tournament: Palm Classic | Round: 5 | Opponent: Little Rock Central MG | Judge: Castillo, Chris 1ACMiningPrivate entities are increasing mining now – US is keyRobert Garcia 18, currently an LLM Candidate in Cornell Law School's Law, Entrepreneurship and Technology program at Cornell Tech in NYC., "Regulating International Space Mining, an Enormous Industry," Pacific Council on International Policy, 10-23-2018, https://www.pacificcouncil.org/newsroom/regulating-international-space-mining-enormous-industry AND increase economic inequality by disproportionately favoring the spacefaring nations remains to be seen. It causes dangerous space mining and deregulation globally – multilateralism solves.Edd Gent 20, freelance science and technology writer, "Space Mining Should Be a Global Project—But It's Not Starting Off That Way," Singularity Hub, 10-12-2020, https://singularityhub.com/2020/10/12/the-us-is-trying-to-hijack-space-mining-and-there-could-be-disastrous-consequences/ AND the rules. As they say, to the victor go the spoils. Dangerous mining greatly increases the risk of space debris.Sarah Scoles 15, "Dust from asteroid mining spells danger for satellites," New Scientist, 5-27-2015, https://www.newscientist.com/article/mg22630235-100-dust-from-asteroid-mining-spells-danger-for-satellites/ AND "A few basic precautions will prevent harm due to stray asteroid material." Clustering makes the risk of collisions uniquely high and the risk is understatedDr. Darren McKnight 17, Ph.D., Technical Director for Integrity Applications, Previously Senior Vice President and Director of Science and Technology Strategy at Science Applications International Corporation, "Proposed Series of Orbital Debris Remediation Activities," 3rd International Conference and Exhibition on Satellite and Space Missions, 5/13/2017, https://iaaweb.org/iaa/Scientific20Activity/debrisminutes03166.pdf ~graphics omitted~ AND population in the 820- 865km altitude region for the last nine months. Debris cascades cause global nuke warLes Johnson 13, Deputy Manager for NASA's Advanced Concepts Office at the Marshall Space Flight Center, Co-Investigator for the JAXA T-Rex Space Tether Experiment and PI of NASA's ProSEDS Experiment, Master's Degree in Physics from Vanderbilt University, Popular Science Writer, and NASA Technologist, Frequent Contributor to the Journal of the British Interplanetary Sodety and Member of the American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, National Space Society, the World Future Society, and MENSA, Sky Alert!: When Satellites Fail, p. 9-12 ~language modified~ AND , our military advantage over potential adversaries would be dramatically reduced or eliminated. Debris removal tech is interpreted as weaponry – that escalatesDavid 21 (Leonard David, ~a space journalist, reporting on space activities for over 50 years. Leonard is author of the new book, Moon Rush: The New Space Race, published by National Geographic in May 2019. Mr. David is also author of Mars – Our Future on the Red Planet published by National Geographic in October 2016.~, 4-14-2021, "Space Junk Removal Is Not Going Smoothly", Scientific American, accessed: 1-22-2022, https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/space-junk-removal-is-not-going-smoothly/) ajs AND know for sure in advance how they’ll be used on any given day." Nuke war causes extinction – won’t stay limitedEdwards 17 ~Paul N. Edwards, CISAC’s William J. Perry Fellow in International Security at Stanford’s Freeman Spogli Institute for International Studies. Being interviewed by EarthSky. How nuclear war would affect Earth’s climate. September 8, 2017. earthsky.org/human-world/how-nuclear-war-would-affect-earths-climate~ Note, we are only reading parts of the interview that are directly from Paul Edwards — MMG AND two nuclear powers would stay limited to these smaller, less destructive bombs. Satellites are key to environmental monitoring – debris collapses it and causes climate extinction – to clarify, settlers are causing warmingBen Biggs 18, PhD Researcher in Computer Vision and Deep Learning at the University of Cambridge, "How Satellites Can Protect Planet Earth From Disaster", HowItWorks Daily, 12/22/2018, https://www.howitworksdaily.com/how-satellites-can-protect-planet-earth-from-disaster/ AND or worse, and monitoring that change is vital to our planet’s survival. DeflectionCommercialized proximity mining operations create dual-use deflection risks – inherent interoperability makes dangerous repurposing easy and likelyHowe 15 ~Jim Howe is a writer and policy analyst who focuses on space and national security issues. He works in the nuclear power industry. COMMON GROUND: Asteroid Mining and Planetary Defense. Summer 2015. https://space.nss.org/media/Asteroid-Mining-And-Planetary-Defense.pdf~~ AND suite of mining equipment to the surface of a resource-rich body. That increases the risk of accidental collisions, astro-terror, and space weaponizationMares 15 ~Miroslav Mares, Professor, at the Division of Security and Strategic Studies, Masaryk University, Czech Republic. Jakub Drmola PhD student, at the Divison of Security and Strategic Studies, Masaryk University, Czech Republic. Revisiting the deflection dilemma. October 1, 2015. https://academic.oup.com/astrogeo/article/56/5/5.15/235650~~ AND detect any hostile inflection attempts among the number of legitimate and benign ones. The dilemma causes the most power WMD ever – it’s more likely than natural hits and structurally outweighsDeudney 20 ~Daniel H. Deudney is professor of political science, international relations and political theory at Johns Hopkins University. He holds a BA in political science and philosophy from Yale University, a MPA in science, technology, and public policy from the George Washington University, and a PhD in political science from Princeton University. "Dark Skies: Space Expansionism, Planetary Geopolitics, and the Ends of Humanity." Google Books~ AND mentioned), Sagan points to the possibilities of clandestine use of this technology. Accidental and intentional deflection attacks outweigh the threat of conventional hits – only building in response time with enhanced tracking and attribution solves rogue strikes that bypass conventional deterrenceDello-Iacovo 18 ~Michael, PhD candidate (Mining Engineering), emphasis on space science, looking at asteroid exploration, mining and impact risk @ University of New South Wales. "Asteroids and comets as space weapons," http://www.michaeldello.com/asteroids-comets-space-weapons/~~ AND wouldn’t be expected to kill all human life, which would eventually rebuild. Even limited deflection failures cause nuke war because they look like preemptive strikes and the risk is inversely proportion to sizeLovett 19, ~Richard Lovett is a Cosmos contributor, The biggest danger about an asteroid strike? Lawyers, Blasting away at incoming space rock raises real risks of nuclear war, experts say. Richard A Lovett reports, May 7, https://cosmosmagazine.com/space/the-biggest-danger-about-an-asteroid-strike-lawyers~~ AND a media frenzy (assuming people didn’t brand it as "fake news"). PlanPlan: Space faring states should ban asteroid mining done by private entities.FrameworkThe standard is maximizing expected wellbeing.1~ Extinction outweighs – value to life is inevitable, so subjective it can’t be the basis for impact calculus, and discussing extinction is good even if we don’t solve itKhan 18 ~Risalat, activist and entrepreneur from Bangladesh passionate about addressing climate change, biodiversity loss, and other existential challenges. He was featured by The Guardian as one of the "young climate campaigners to watch" (2015). As a campaigner with the global civic movement Avaaz (2014-17), Risalat was part of a small core team that spearheaded the largest climate marches in history with a turnout of over 800,000 across 2,000 cities. After fighting for the Paris Agreement, Risalat led a campaign joined by over a million people to stop the Rampal coal plant in Bangladesh to protect the Sundarbans World Heritage forest, and elicited criticism of the plant from Crédit Agricolé through targeted advocacy. Currently, Risalat is pursuing an MPA in Environmental Science and Policy at Columbia University as a SIPA Environmental Fellow, "5 reasons why we need to start talking about existential risks," https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2018/01/5-reasons-start-talking-existential-risks-extinction-moriori/~~ AND cause in survival. Our future may depend on whether we realize this. 2~ only util can explain degrees of wrongness – it is worse to lie about taking a dying friend to the hospital than it is to lie about how someone looks – either ethical theories cannot explain comparative badness, or they collapse to util3~ Non util ethics are impossibleGreene 10 – Joshua, Associate Professor of Social science in the Department of Psychology at Harvard University AND religion, they don't really explain what's distinctive about the philosophy in question. | 2/13/22 |
JanFeb -- Asteroid Mining v6Tournament: Palm Classic | Round: Triples | Opponent: Immaculate Heart AW | Judge: Daniel Luo, Sruthi Ilangovan, Chris Castillo 1ACMiningPrivate entities are increasing mining now – US is keyRobert Garcia 18, currently an LLM Candidate in Cornell Law School's Law, Entrepreneurship and Technology program at Cornell Tech in NYC., "Regulating International Space Mining, an Enormous Industry," Pacific Council on International Policy, 10-23-2018, https://www.pacificcouncil.org/newsroom/regulating-international-space-mining-enormous-industry AND increase economic inequality by disproportionately favoring the spacefaring nations remains to be seen. It causes dangerous space mining and deregulation globally – multilateralism solves.Edd Gent 20, freelance science and technology writer, "Space Mining Should Be a Global Project—But It's Not Starting Off That Way," Singularity Hub, 10-12-2020, https://singularityhub.com/2020/10/12/the-us-is-trying-to-hijack-space-mining-and-there-could-be-disastrous-consequences/ AND the rules. As they say, to the victor go the spoils. Dangerous mining greatly increases the risk of space debris.Sarah Scoles 15, "Dust from asteroid mining spells danger for satellites," New Scientist, 5-27-2015, https://www.newscientist.com/article/mg22630235-100-dust-from-asteroid-mining-spells-danger-for-satellites/ AND "A few basic precautions will prevent harm due to stray asteroid material." Clustering makes the risk of collisions uniquely high and the risk is understatedDr. Darren McKnight 17, Ph.D., Technical Director for Integrity Applications, Previously Senior Vice President and Director of Science and Technology Strategy at Science Applications International Corporation, "Proposed Series of Orbital Debris Remediation Activities," 3rd International Conference and Exhibition on Satellite and Space Missions, 5/13/2017, https://iaaweb.org/iaa/Scientific20Activity/debrisminutes03166.pdf ~graphics omitted~ AND population in the 820- 865km altitude region for the last nine months. Debris cascades cause global nuke warLes Johnson 13, Deputy Manager for NASA's Advanced Concepts Office at the Marshall Space Flight Center, Co-Investigator for the JAXA T-Rex Space Tether Experiment and PI of NASA's ProSEDS Experiment, Master's Degree in Physics from Vanderbilt University, Popular Science Writer, and NASA Technologist, Frequent Contributor to the Journal of the British Interplanetary Sodety and Member of the American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, National Space Society, the World Future Society, and MENSA, Sky Alert!: When Satellites Fail, p. 9-12 ~language modified~ AND , our military advantage over potential adversaries would be dramatically reduced or eliminated. Debris removal tech is interpreted as weaponry – that escalatesDavid 21 (Leonard David, ~a space journalist, reporting on space activities for over 50 years. Leonard is author of the new book, Moon Rush: The New Space Race, published by National Geographic in May 2019. Mr. David is also author of Mars – Our Future on the Red Planet published by National Geographic in October 2016.~, 4-14-2021, "Space Junk Removal Is Not Going Smoothly", Scientific American, accessed: 1-22-2022, https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/space-junk-removal-is-not-going-smoothly/) ajs AND know for sure in advance how they’ll be used on any given day." Misperception means it goes nuclear.Rovner 17 – Professor of Political Science, SMU (Joshua, "Two kinds of catastrophe: nuclear escalation and protracted war in Asia," Journal of Strategic Studies, http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/01402390.2017.1293532?journalCode=fjss20) AND or force carrier groups to operate at prohibitively long distances from the mainland. Nuke war causes extinction – won’t stay limitedEdwards 17 ~Paul N. Edwards, CISAC’s William J. Perry Fellow in International Security at Stanford’s Freeman Spogli Institute for International Studies. Being interviewed by EarthSky. How nuclear war would affect Earth’s climate. September 8, 2017. earthsky.org/human-world/how-nuclear-war-would-affect-earths-climate~ Note, we are only reading parts of the interview that are directly from Paul Edwards — MMG AND two nuclear powers would stay limited to these smaller, less destructive bombs. DeflectionCommercialized proximity mining operations create dual-use deflection risks – inherent interoperability makes dangerous repurposing easy and likelyHowe 15 ~Jim Howe is a writer and policy analyst who focuses on space and national security issues. He works in the nuclear power industry. COMMON GROUND: Asteroid Mining and Planetary Defense. Summer 2015. https://space.nss.org/media/Asteroid-Mining-And-Planetary-Defense.pdf~~ AND suite of mining equipment to the surface of a resource-rich body. That increases the risk of accidental collisions, astro-terror, and space weaponizationMares 15 ~Miroslav Mares, Professor, at the Division of Security and Strategic Studies, Masaryk University, Czech Republic. Jakub Drmola PhD student, at the Divison of Security and Strategic Studies, Masaryk University, Czech Republic. Revisiting the deflection dilemma. October 1, 2015. https://academic.oup.com/astrogeo/article/56/5/5.15/235650~~ AND detect any hostile inflection attempts among the number of legitimate and benign ones. The dilemma causes the most power WMD ever – it’s more likely than natural hits and structurally outweighsDeudney 20 ~Daniel H. Deudney is professor of political science, international relations and political theory at Johns Hopkins University. He holds a BA in political science and philosophy from Yale University, a MPA in science, technology, and public policy from the George Washington University, and a PhD in political science from Princeton University. "Dark Skies: Space Expansionism, Planetary Geopolitics, and the Ends of Humanity." Google Books~ AND mentioned), Sagan points to the possibilities of clandestine use of this technology. Accidental and intentional deflection attacks outweigh the threat of conventional hits – only building in response time with enhanced tracking and attribution solves rogue strikes that bypass conventional deterrenceDello-Iacovo 18 ~Michael, PhD candidate (Mining Engineering), emphasis on space science, looking at asteroid exploration, mining and impact risk @ University of New South Wales. "Asteroids and comets as space weapons," http://www.michaeldello.com/asteroids-comets-space-weapons/~~ AND wouldn’t be expected to kill all human life, which would eventually rebuild. Even limited deflection failures cause nuke war because they look like preemptive strikes and the risk is inversely proportion to sizeLovett 19, ~Richard Lovett is a Cosmos contributor, The biggest danger about an asteroid strike? Lawyers, Blasting away at incoming space rock raises real risks of nuclear war, experts say. Richard A Lovett reports, May 7, https://cosmosmagazine.com/space/the-biggest-danger-about-an-asteroid-strike-lawyers~~ AND a media frenzy (assuming people didn’t brand it as "fake news"). PlanPlan: Space faring states should restrict asteroid mining done by private entities.FrameworkThe standard is maximizing expected wellbeing.1~ Extinction outweighs – value to life is inevitable, so subjective it can’t be the basis for impact calculus, and discussing extinction is good even if we don’t solve itKhan 18 ~Risalat, activist and entrepreneur from Bangladesh passionate about addressing climate change, biodiversity loss, and other existential challenges. He was featured by The Guardian as one of the "young climate campaigners to watch" (2015). As a campaigner with the global civic movement Avaaz (2014-17), Risalat was part of a small core team that spearheaded the largest climate marches in history with a turnout of over 800,000 across 2,000 cities. After fighting for the Paris Agreement, Risalat led a campaign joined by over a million people to stop the Rampal coal plant in Bangladesh to protect the Sundarbans World Heritage forest, and elicited criticism of the plant from Crédit Agricolé through targeted advocacy. Currently, Risalat is pursuing an MPA in Environmental Science and Policy at Columbia University as a SIPA Environmental Fellow, "5 reasons why we need to start talking about existential risks," https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2018/01/5-reasons-start-talking-existential-risks-extinction-moriori/~~ AND cause in survival. Our future may depend on whether we realize this. 2~ only util can explain degrees of wrongness – it is worse to lie about taking a dying friend to the hospital than it is to lie about how someone looks – either ethical theories cannot explain comparative badness, or they collapse to util3~ Non util ethics are impossibleGreene 10 – Joshua, Associate Professor of Social science in the Department of Psychology at Harvard University AND religion, they don't really explain what's distinctive about the philosophy in question. | 2/13/22 |
JanFeb -- Asteroid Mining v7Tournament: TOC | Round: 1 | Opponent: Troy AP | Judge: Williams, Spencer 1ACMiningPrivate entities are increasing mining now – US is keyRobert Garcia 18, currently an LLM Candidate in Cornell Law School's Law, Entrepreneurship and Technology program at Cornell Tech in NYC., "Regulating International Space Mining, an Enormous Industry," Pacific Council on International Policy, 10-23-2018, https://www.pacificcouncil.org/newsroom/regulating-international-space-mining-enormous-industry AND increase economic inequality by disproportionately favoring the spacefaring nations remains to be seen. It causes dangerous space mining and deregulation globally – multilateralism solves.Edd Gent 20, freelance science and technology writer, "Space Mining Should Be a Global Project—But It's Not Starting Off That Way," Singularity Hub, 10-12-2020, https://singularityhub.com/2020/10/12/the-us-is-trying-to-hijack-space-mining-and-there-could-be-disastrous-consequences/ AND the rules. As they say, to the victor go the spoils. Dangerous mining greatly increases the risk of space debris.Sarah Scoles 15, "Dust from asteroid mining spells danger for satellites," New Scientist, 5-27-2015, https://www.newscientist.com/article/mg22630235-100-dust-from-asteroid-mining-spells-danger-for-satellites/ AND "A few basic precautions will prevent harm due to stray asteroid material." Clustering makes the risk of collisions uniquely high and the risk is understatedDr. Darren McKnight 17, Ph.D., Technical Director for Integrity Applications, Previously Senior Vice President and Director of Science and Technology Strategy at Science Applications International Corporation, "Proposed Series of Orbital Debris Remediation Activities," 3rd International Conference and Exhibition on Satellite and Space Missions, 5/13/2017, https://iaaweb.org/iaa/Scientific20Activity/debrisminutes03166.pdf ~graphics omitted~ AND population in the 820- 865km altitude region for the last nine months. Debris cascades cause global nuke warLes Johnson 13, Deputy Manager for NASA's Advanced Concepts Office at the Marshall Space Flight Center, Co-Investigator for the JAXA T-Rex Space Tether Experiment and PI of NASA's ProSEDS Experiment, Master's Degree in Physics from Vanderbilt University, Popular Science Writer, and NASA Technologist, Frequent Contributor to the Journal of the British Interplanetary Sodety and Member of the American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, National Space Society, the World Future Society, and MENSA, Sky Alert!: When Satellites Fail, p. 9-12 ~language modified~ AND , our military advantage over potential adversaries would be dramatically reduced or eliminated. Debris removal tech is interpreted as weaponry – that escalatesDavid 21 (Leonard David, ~a space journalist, reporting on space activities for over 50 years. Leonard is author of the new book, Moon Rush: The New Space Race, published by National Geographic in May 2019. Mr. David is also author of Mars – Our Future on the Red Planet published by National Geographic in October 2016.~, 4-14-2021, "Space Junk Removal Is Not Going Smoothly", Scientific American, accessed: 1-22-2022, https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/space-junk-removal-is-not-going-smoothly/) ajs AND know for sure in advance how they’ll be used on any given day." Misperception means it goes nuclear.Rovner 17 – Professor of Political Science, SMU (Joshua, "Two kinds of catastrophe: nuclear escalation and protracted war in Asia," Journal of Strategic Studies, http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/01402390.2017.1293532?journalCode=fjss20) AND or force carrier groups to operate at prohibitively long distances from the mainland. Nuke war causes extinction – won’t stay limitedEdwards 17 ~Paul N. Edwards, CISAC’s William J. Perry Fellow in International Security at Stanford’s Freeman Spogli Institute for International Studies. Being interviewed by EarthSky. How nuclear war would affect Earth’s climate. September 8, 2017. earthsky.org/human-world/how-nuclear-war-would-affect-earths-climate~ Note, we are only reading parts of the interview that are directly from Paul Edwards — MMG AND two nuclear powers would stay limited to these smaller, less destructive bombs. DeflectionCommercialized proximity mining operations create dual-use deflection risks – inherent interoperability makes dangerous repurposing easy and likelyHowe 15 ~Jim Howe is a writer and policy analyst who focuses on space and national security issues. He works in the nuclear power industry. COMMON GROUND: Asteroid Mining and Planetary Defense. Summer 2015. https://space.nss.org/media/Asteroid-Mining-And-Planetary-Defense.pdf~~ AND suite of mining equipment to the surface of a resource-rich body. That increases the risk of accidental collisions, astro-terror, and space weaponizationMares 15 ~Miroslav Mares, Professor, at the Division of Security and Strategic Studies, Masaryk University, Czech Republic. Jakub Drmola PhD student, at the Divison of Security and Strategic Studies, Masaryk University, Czech Republic. Revisiting the deflection dilemma. October 1, 2015. https://academic.oup.com/astrogeo/article/56/5/5.15/235650~~ AND detect any hostile inflection attempts among the number of legitimate and benign ones. The dilemma causes the most power WMD ever – it’s more likely than natural hits and structurally outweighsDeudney 20 ~Daniel H. Deudney is professor of political science, international relations and political theory at Johns Hopkins University. He holds a BA in political science and philosophy from Yale University, a MPA in science, technology, and public policy from the George Washington University, and a PhD in political science from Princeton University. "Dark Skies: Space Expansionism, Planetary Geopolitics, and the Ends of Humanity." Google Books~ AND mentioned), Sagan points to the possibilities of clandestine use of this technology. Accidental and intentional deflection attacks outweigh the threat of conventional hits – only building in response time with enhanced tracking and attribution solves rogue strikes that bypass conventional deterrenceDello-Iacovo 18 ~Michael, PhD candidate (Mining Engineering), emphasis on space science, looking at asteroid exploration, mining and impact risk @ University of New South Wales. "Asteroids and comets as space weapons," http://www.michaeldello.com/asteroids-comets-space-weapons/~~ AND wouldn’t be expected to kill all human life, which would eventually rebuild. Even limited deflection failures cause nuke war because they look like preemptive strikes and the risk is inversely proportion to sizeLovett 19, ~Richard Lovett is a Cosmos contributor, The biggest danger about an asteroid strike? Lawyers, Blasting away at incoming space rock raises real risks of nuclear war, experts say. Richard A Lovett reports, May 7, https://cosmosmagazine.com/space/the-biggest-danger-about-an-asteroid-strike-lawyers~~ AND a media frenzy (assuming people didn’t brand it as "fake news"). PlanPlan: Private entities ought to prohibit asteroid mining involving artificial asteroid capture.AAC involves intentional relocationNeeness ND— (Neeness, Neeness’ founder runs several websites: Cyber Insight, Apassant, Crow Survival, and Planted Shack. Neeness started as a blog where the founder could share their love for animals., "Which mission is meant for asteroid?", Neeness, Available Online at https://neeness.com/which-mission-is-meant-for-asteroid/, accessed 3-25-2022, HKR-AR) FrameworkThe standard is maximizing expected wellbeing.1~ Extinction outweighs – value to life is inevitable, so subjective it can’t be the basis for impact calculus, and discussing extinction is good even if we don’t solve itKhan 18 ~Risalat, activist and entrepreneur from Bangladesh passionate about addressing climate change, biodiversity loss, and other existential challenges. He was featured by The Guardian as one of the "young climate campaigners to watch" (2015). As a campaigner with the global civic movement Avaaz (2014-17), Risalat was part of a small core team that spearheaded the largest climate marches in history with a turnout of over 800,000 across 2,000 cities. After fighting for the Paris Agreement, Risalat led a campaign joined by over a million people to stop the Rampal coal plant in Bangladesh to protect the Sundarbans World Heritage forest, and elicited criticism of the plant from Crédit Agricolé through targeted advocacy. Currently, Risalat is pursuing an MPA in Environmental Science and Policy at Columbia University as a SIPA Environmental Fellow, "5 reasons why we need to start talking about existential risks," https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2018/01/5-reasons-start-talking-existential-risks-extinction-moriori/~~ AND cause in survival. Our future may depend on whether we realize this. 2~ only util can explain degrees of wrongness – it is worse to lie about taking a dying friend to the hospital than it is to lie about how someone looks – either ethical theories cannot explain comparative badness, or they collapse to util3~ Non util ethics are impossibleGreene 10 – Joshua, Associate Professor of Social science in the Department of Psychology at Harvard University AND religion, they don't really explain what's distinctive about the philosophy in question. | 4/23/22 |
JanFeb -- Deflection DilemmaTournament: Harvard Westlake | Round: Octas | Opponent: Diamond Bar NC | Judge: Chris Castillo, Jack Quisenberry, Gordon Krauss | 1/17/22 |
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