1AC - China 1NC - Baedan K Case 1AR - All 2NR - All 2AR - All
Glenbrooks
2
Opponent: Westridge KY | Judge: Jared Croitoru
1AC - Egypt 1NC - Econ DA Healthcare DA Case 1AR - All 2NR - Healthcare DA 2AR - Case DA
Glenbrooks
3
Opponent: Isidore Newman PJ | Judge: Andrew Wixson
1AC - Egypt 1NC - Speaking for Others K Biz Con DA Conditions DA Case 1AR - All 2NR - All 2AR - All
Glenbrooks
5
Opponent: Memorial BD | Judge: Arianna Nelson
1AC - Egypt 1NC - T-A Spec Workers Cap K Oil DA Case 1AR - All 2NR - T-a 2AR - Case T-A
Harvard Westlake
2
Opponent: Immaculate Heart ES | Judge: Tej Gedela
1AC - China 1NC - Xi DA T-Appropriation Case 1AR - all 2NR - Xi DA 2AR - Case DA
Harvard Westlake
3
Opponent: Presentation NR | Judge: Joshua Michael
1AC - China 1NC - Settler Colonialism K Case 1AR - All 2NR - All 2AR - All
Harvard Westlake
5
Opponent: Westridge TW | Judge: Andrew Gong
1AC - China 1NC - Techno-orientalism K Case 1AR - All 2NR - All 2AR - All
Harvard Westlake
Octas
Opponent: Sage Hill MP | Judge: Julian Kuffour, Danielle Dosch, Joshua Michael
1AC - China 1NC - Artemis Accords CP ILAW Reform CP Case 1AR - All Condo 2NR - Condo Artemis Accords CP 2AR - Case CP
Harvard Westlake RR
2
Opponent: Ayala AM | Judge: Gerard Grigsby, Rodrigo Paramo
1AC - China 1NC - Mining PIC Lashout DA Econ DA US-China Coop CP Case 1AR - All Condo PICs Must have Solvency Advocate 2NR - Condo PICs Must have Solvency Advocate Mining PIC 2AR - Mining PIC
Harvard Westlake RR
4
Opponent: Immaculate Heart JL | Judge: Truman Le, Brendon Morris
1AC - China 1NC - Nebel T PLA DA Reform CP Spec Appropriation Case 1AR - All RVI Condo Grammar DA 2NR - RVI Condo Grammar DA PLA DA Case 2AR - Case PLA DA
Harvard Westlake RR
5
Opponent: Harvard-Westlake IC | Judge: Margaret Strong, Gabriel Morbeck
1AC - China 1NC - Xi DA T-PublicPrivate Case 1AR - All 2NR - Case 2AR - Case
Harvard Westlake RR
Semis
Opponent: Immaculate Heart JL | Judge: Margaret Strong, Gabriel Morbeck, Joel Lemuel
1AC - China 1NC - Xi DA Nebel Reform CP Case 1AR - All 2NR - Xi DA case 2AR - Case DA
1AC - COVID v2 1NC - Consult WHO CP Subsidies DA Nebel T Case 1AR - All Condo RVI Consult Bad 2NR - Case Condo RVI Consult Bad 2AR - Case
Nano Nagle Classic
Semis
Opponent: Sage MP | Judge: Felicity Park, David Dosch, Lukas Krause
1AC - COVID v3 1NC - Trademarks CP China Vaccine CPDA T-Medicines AMR CP 1AR - All Grammar DA RVI Condo 2NR - Grammar DA RVI Condo China Vaccine CPDA 2AR - China Vaccine CPDA
Nano Nagle Classic Round Robin
2
Opponent: Saratoga AG | Judge: David Dosch
1AC - Covid v4 1NC - Dispute Settlement CP Innovation DA US Vaccine Diplomacy DA Case 1AR - All Condo Process CP 2NR - Condo Process CP Vaccine Diplomacy DA Case 2AR - Case Vaccine Diplomacy DA
1AC - COVID v4 1NC - Donations CP Innovation DA Cap K Case 1AR - All Condo PAF 2NR - CP DA Condo PAF 2AR - Case CP DA
Nano Nagle Classic Round Robin
4
Opponent: Archbishop Mitty AS | Judge: Felicity Park
1AC - Covid v4 1NC - T-Permanent Innovation DA Private Subsidies CP Climate Patents DA Cap K 1AR - All RVI Condo 2NR - DA CP RVI Condo Case 2AR - Case CP DA
Nano Nagle Classic Round Robin
Finals
Opponent: Immaculate Heart JL | Judge: Jyleesa Hampton, Carlos Astacio, Margaret Strong
1AC - Pandemics v4 1NC - Consult WHO Fishing DA T-Vaccines Case 1AR - All Condo 2NR - Case Condo 2AR - Case
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Cites
Entry
Date
0 -- Contact Info
Tournament: Any | Round: 1 | Opponent: Any | Judge: Any Hey, I'm Anshul! Please contact me via email at 22anshulr@students.harker.org for questions regarding disclosure or anything else.
9/23/21
JanFeb -- 1AC - China
Tournament: Harvard Westlake RR | Round: 2 | Opponent: Ayala AM | Judge: Gerard Grigsby, Rodrigo Paramo 1AC -- HWL Plan: The appropriation of outer space by private entities in The People's Republic of China is unjust. 1 China’s dependent on private companies for space expansion, satellite deployment, and mining Fernandez 21 — (Ray Fernandez, Writer at ScreenRant, “Hundreds Chinese Companies Called To Boost Space “, ScreenRant, 11-27-2021, Available Online at https://screenrant.com/chinese-companies-boost-space-development/, accessed 1-11-2022, HKR-AR) In a new ..
unleashed into space. 2 Xi commitments, manufacturing capacity, and FDI make the CCP’s private sector integral to 21st century space competition Patel 21 — (Neel V. Patel, Neel is the space reporter for MIT Technology Review, and he writes The Airlock newsletter. Before joining, he worked as a freelance science and technology journalist, contributing stories to Popular Science, The Daily Beast, Slate, Wired, the Verge, and elsewhere. Prior to that, he was an associate editor for Inverse, where he grew and led the website’s space coverage., “China’s surging private space industry is out to challenge the US“, MIT Technology Review, 1-21-2021, Available Online at https://www.technologyreview.com/2021/01/21/1016513/china-private-commercial-space-industry-dominance, accessed 1-11-2022, HKR-AR) Until recently, China’s ..
from outside China. 3 Mining basing competition causes Sino-Russian alliance and war Jamasmie 21 — (Cecilia Jamasmie, Cecilia has covered mining for more than a decade. She is particularly interested in Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR), Diamonds and Latin America. Cecilia has been interviewed by BBC News and CBC among others and has been a guest speaker at mining conventions, including MINExpo 2016 and the World’s Copper Conference 2018. She is also member of the expert panel on Social License to Operate (SLO) at the European project MIREU (Mining and Metallurgic Regions EU). She holds a Master of Journalism from the University of British Columbia, and is based in Nova Scotia., “Experts warn of brewing space mining war among US, China and Russia“, MINING, 4-29-21, Available Online at https://www.mining.com/experts-warn-of-brewing-space-mining-war-among-us-china-and-russia/, accessed 1-11-2022, HKR-AR) A brewing war ..
reached the lunar surface. 4 Russia’s long-term space strategy is contingent on the Chinese private sector. Independently, Chinese private contractors will build the most dangerous tech possible causing war with the West Curcio 21 — (Blaine Curcio, Blaine Curcio is an Affiliate Senior Consultant for Euroconsult, based in Hong Kong. Since joining Euroconsult in 2018, he has contributed to a wide range of consulting missions and research reports, primarily covering the satcom sector globally and the broader space industry in China., “Developments in China's Commercial Space Sector“, National Bureau of Asian Research (NBR), 8-24-2021, Available Online at https://www.nbr.org/publication/developments-in-chinas-commercial-space-sector/, accessed 1-12-2022, HKR-AR) Blaine Curcio is the interviewee; the interviewer is lura Winfrey, an intern with the Center for Innovation, Trade, and Strategy at NBR. The Russian and U.S. ..
order to survive. 5 Sino-Russian alliance causes space conflict and nuclear war Taichman 21 — (Elya Taichman, Elya Taichman is the former legislative director for then-Rep. Michelle Lujan Grisham, where he focused on space, national security, and foreign policy., “Opinion“, POLITICO, 1-29-2021, Available Online at https://www.politico.com/news/2021/01/29/biden-space-diplomacy-russia-china-455963, accessed 1-12-2022, HKR-AR) Instead, the Artemis ..
means of resolution. 6 That goes nuclear – space is fragile and offense dominant, so even small incidents escalate Laura Grego 18, Senior Scientist in the Global Security Program at the Union of Concerned Scientists, Postdoctoral Researcher at the Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, PhD in Experimental Physics at the California Institute of Technology, Space and Crisis Stability, Union of Concerned Scientists, 3-19-18, https://www.law.upenn.edu/live/files/7804-grego-space-and-crisis-stabilitypdf Why space is ..
to different weapons. 7 NEA scarcity and ilaw ambiguity makes US-China competition go nuclear Gautel 21 — (Gidon Gautel is currently an Analyst in the space industry. He was previously the Project Coordinator of China Foresight and Project Manager of the Economic Diplomacy Commission at LSE IDEAS. Gidon holds a BSc in Government and Economics with first class honours from the London School of Economics and Political Science, and an MSc in Innovation, Entrepreneurship and Management with distinction from Imperial College Business School., insert quals, “Coordination Failure: Risks of US-China competition in space“, Medium, 4-29-2021, Available Online at https://lseideas.medium.com/coordination-failure-risks-of-us-china-competition-in-space-7112ca4f4da1, accessed 1-12-2022, HKR-AR) Finally, a lack ..
is the alternative. 8 China will long-term outpace the US in space – mining, first-mover advantage, lunar projects Fabian 21 — (Chris Fabian, Capt. Chris Fabian, U.S. Space Force, is a crew commander in the 3rd Space Operations Squadron supporting the Delta 9 mission. , “A call to action for strategic space competition with China“, TheHill, 6-22-2021, Available Online at https://thehill.com/opinion/national-security/558979-a-call-to-action-for-strategic-space-competition-with-china?rl=1, accessed 1-12-2022, HKR-AR) To compete with ..
rushed space programs. Framing the standard is maximizing expected wellbeing Independently: 1 Extinction outweighs---it’s the upmost moral evil and disavowal of the risk makes it more likely. Burns 2017 (Elizabeth Finneron-Burns is a Teaching Fellow at the University of Warwick and an Affiliated Researcher at the Institute for Futures Studies in Stockholm, What’s wrong with human extinction?, http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/00455091.2016.1278150?needAccess=true, Canadian Journal of Philosophy, 2017) Many, though certainly .. required human extinction. 2 Complacency goes neg – academics and the wider public actively discount the probability AND magnitude of existential risks – only giving them extra attention in debate solves – that means our impact outweighs even in we lose the rest of framing Javorsky 18 Emilia Javorsky is a Boston-based physician-scientist focused on the invention, development and commercialization of new medical therapies. She also leads an Artificial Intelligence in Medicine initiative with The Future Society at the Harvard Kennedy School of Government. Why Human Extinction Needs a Marketing Department. January 15, 2018. https://www.xconomy.com/boston/2018/01/15/why-human-extinction-needs-a-marketing-department/ Experts at Oxford ..
to pay attention to this issue. 3 Non util ethics are impossible Greene 07 – Joshua, Associate Professor of Social science in the Department of Psychology at Harvard University (The Secret Joke of Kant’s Soul published in Moral Psychology: Historical and Contemporary Readings, accessed: https://www.gwern.net/docs/philosophy/ethics/2007-greene.pdf, pages 47-50) What turn-of-the-millennium science is .. philosophy in question. 4 That justifies util – it’s impartial, specific to public actors, and resolves infinite regress which explains all value. Greene 15 — (Joshua Greene, Professor of Psychology @ Harvard, being interviewed by Russ Roberts, “Joshua Greene on Moral Tribes, Moral Dilemmas, and Utilitarianism”, The Library of Economics and Liberty, 1-5-15, Available Online at https://www.econtalk.org/joshua-greene-on-moral-tribes-moral-dilemmas-and-utilitarianism/#audio-highlights, accessed 5-17-20, HKR-AM) NB: Guest = Greene, and only his lines are highlighted/underlined Guest: Okay. So, .. of my defense.
1/13/22
NovDec -- 1AC - Egypt
Tournament: Glenbrooks | Round: 2 | Opponent: Westridge KY | Judge: Jared Croitoru 1AC Plan: The government of the Arab Republic of Egypt ought to recognize an unconditional right of workers to strike. 1 New anti-strike laws worsen unemployment, the poverty crisis, threaten the sanctity of unions, and will collapse Egypt Boukhari 10/11 — (Jamal Boukhari, Jamal Boukhari is an Egyptian journalist., “A dangerous new law in Egypt allows for the dismissal of any public employee who opposes the regime“, 10-11-2021, https://www.equaltimes.org/a-dangerous-new-law-in-egypt?lang=en#.YZQnPL3MJ6d, accessed 11-16-2021, HKR-AR) On 1 August, Egyptian ..
leads to disaster.” 2 No RTS provides the sole legal impetus for mass incarceration, intimidation lawsuits, cancelled wages, detentions, and arrests FLD 19 — (Front Line Defenders, Front Line Defenders was founded in Dublin in 2001 with the specific aim of protecting human rights defenders at risk (HRDs), people who work, non-violently, for any or all of the rights enshrined in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR). Front Line Defenders addresses the protection needs identified by HRDs themselves., 1-14-2019, Available Online at https://www.frontlinedefenders.org/sites/default/files/frontline_defenders_egypt_english_online.pdf, accessed 11-18-2021, pages 28-30, HKR-AR) Egyptian workers ..
in November 2018. 3 Strikes and the labor movement’s effectiveness have quantitatively decreased during Sisi’s attacks on strike rights – our evidence is casual Charbel 17 — (Jano Charbel, Jano has been a journalist for the last eight years. He took to journalism his passion for labor issues, which he has studied academically, becoming an authority in the field. He is also drawn to environmental issues, which he has also covered., “State responds to recent labor protests with heightened repression and exceptional legal measures“, 1-24-2017, Available Online at https://www.madamasr.com/en/2017/01/24/feature/politics/state-responds-to-recent-labor-protests-with-heightened-repression-and-exceptional-legal-measures/, accessed 11-18-2021, HKR-AR) Recent nationwide labor ..
crackdowns on dissent. 4 A strong labor movement and RTS is the only preventative measure to halt large-scale authoritarianism, state collapse, and statewide social inequality that will hurl Egypt into violent conflict Hamzawy 17 — (Amr Hamzawy, Amr Hamzawy studied political science and developmental studies in Cairo, The Hague, and Berlin. He was previously a senior associate in the Middle East program at the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace between 2005 and 2009. Between 2009 and 2010, he served as the research director of the Carnegie Middle East Center in Beirut, Lebanon. He has also served on the faculty at the American University in Cairo, Cairo University, and Stanford University., “Egypt’s Resilient and Evolving Social Activism“, Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, 4-5-2017, https://carnegieendowment.org/2017/04/05/egypt-s-resilient-and-evolving-social-activism-pub-68578, accessed 11-18-2021, HKR-AR) Despite security surveillance, ..
their subsequent dismissal.168 5 Strikes still have revolutionary democratic potential – government suppression nulls collective organizing Beninin 8/8 — (Joel Beinin, Joel Beinin is the Donald J. McLachlan professor of history and professor of Middle East history at Stanford University. His latest book is Workers and Thieves: Labor Movements and Popular Uprisings in Tunisia and Egypt (Stanford University Press, 2016)., 8-8-2021, Available Online at https://www.jacobinmag.com/2021/08/arab-working-class-uprisings-middle-east-2011-trade-union-federation-tunisia-egypt-joel-beinin-interview, accessed 11-18-2021, HKR-AR) Joel Beinin is the interviewee. Daniel Finn, who is the features editor at Jacobin and the author of One Man’s Terrorist: A Political History of the IRA, is the interviewer. All of this ..
now in Egypt. Scenario 1 is Terror: 1 Suppression and incarceration causes mass ISIL recruitment and ME instability HRF 7/15 — (Human Rights First, Human Rights First is an independent advocacy and action organization that challenges America to live up to its ideals. We believe American leadership is essential in the global struggle for human rights, so we press the U.S. government and private companies to respect human rights and the rule of law. When they fail, we step in to demand reform, accountability and justice. Around the world, we work where we can best harness American influence to secure core freedoms., 7-15-21, Available Online at https://www.humanrightsfirst.org/sites/default/files/Time20Bombs20Egypt20Final.pdf, accessed 11-19-2021, pages 4-6, HKR-AR) The stakes of ..
into their cell. 2 Egypt is key – Sinai Peninsula is a terrorist hotspot that risks global escalation and war with Israel Kane and Braniff 15 — (Sheehan Kane and William Braniff, Sheehan Kane is a faculty research assistant for the Global Terrorism Database (GTD) at START. She holds an M.A. in Middle East Studies from the American University in Cairo and a B.A. in Political Science and International Studies from Elon University. William Braniff is the executive director of START. Braniff is a graduate of the United States Military Academy where he received his bachelor’s degree. Following his Company Command as an Armor Officer in the U.S. Army, Braniff attended the Johns Hopkins University School of Advanced International Studies (SAIS) where he received a master’s degree in international relations., “Taking the Sinai Province of the Islamic State seriously without helping it destabilize Egypt“, No Publication, 11-10-2014, Available Online at https://www.start.umd.edu/news/taking-sinai-province-islamic-state-seriously-without-helping-it-destabilize-egypt, accessed 11-19-2021, HKR-AR) On November 10, 2014, ..
of Egyptian sovereignty. 3 That causes nuclear war with Israel that goes global Beres 15 — (Louis René Beres, Louis René Beres was educated at Princeton (Ph.D., 1971), and is the author of many major books and articles dealing with Israeli nuclear strategy. For over forty years, he has lectured on this topic at senior Israeli and United States military institutions, and at leading Israeli centers for strategic studies. In 2003, he served as Chair of Project Daniel (Israel)., “Israeli deterrence in the eye of the hurricane“, The Jerusalem Post | JPost, 7-12-2015, Available Online at https://www.jpost.com/opinion/israeli-deterrence-in-the-eye-of-the-hurricane-408747, accessed 11-19-2021, HKR-AR) Left to themselves, ..
Middle East quagmire. 5 Nuke war causes extinction – won’t stay limited Edwards 17 Paul N. Edwards, CISAC’s William J. Perry Fellow in International Security at Stanford’s Freeman Spogli Institute for International Studies. Being interviewed by EarthSky. How nuclear war would affect Earth’s climate. September 8, 2017. earthsky.org/human-world/how-nuclear-war-would-affect-earths-climate, accessed 10-15-17 Note, we are only reading parts of the interview that are directly from Paul Edwards -- MMG In the nuclear conversation, what are we not talking about that we should be? We are not .. less destructive bombs. Scenario 2 is Autocracy: 1 Egyptian autocracy locks-in instability and accelerates regional security concerns Tamara Cofman Wittes, PhD, 14 PhD Government Georgetown, Director, Center for Middle East Policy @ Brookings, "Why Democracy in Egypt Still Matters," Brookings, 3-18-2014, https://www.brookings.edu/opinions/why-democracy-in-egypt-still-matters/ accessed 11-19-21 C.VC Three years after ..
and U.S. interests. 2 That escalates – conflicting regional interests ensure war goes global Larry Goodson 18. Professor of Middle East Studies at the U.S. Army War College. 02-02-18. “Five Enduring Barriers to Peace in the Middle East.” Army War College. https://warroom.armywarcollege.edu/articles/five-enduring-barriers-to-peace-in-the-middle-east/ More importantly, America’s .. occur, but when. 3 Egyptian autocracy is long-term unsustainable Kaldas 1/26 — (Timothy Kaldas, Timothy Kaldas is an independent risk adviser and nonresident fellow at the Tahrir Institute for Middle East Policy. , “Arab Spring Showed Autocracy is Anything But Stable“, Bloomberg, 1-27-2021, Available Online at https://www.bloomberg.com/opinion/articles/2021-01-27/arab-spring-showed-autocracy-is-anything-but-stable, accessed 11-19-2021, HKR-AR) It has been ..
can fall quickly. Solvency: 1 An unconditional RTS is key—it gives workers adequate leverage and has precedent Pratt 01 — (Nicola Pratt, Professor of International Politics of the Middle East at Warwick, “Maintaining the Moral Economy: Egyptian State-Labor Relations in an Era of Economic Liberalization“, Available Online at https://warwick.ac.uk/fac/soc/pais/people/pratt/publications/n_pratt_maintaining_the_moral_economy.pdf, accessed 11-13-2021, page 123 in book, HKR-AR) Labor activists and ..
protecting their interests. 2 Ensuring the right to strike solves democracy and inequality Kiai 17 Mr. Maina Kiai, Special Rapporteur on freedom of peaceful assembly and of association, took up his functions as the first Special Rapporteur on the rights to freedom of peaceful assembly and of association in May 2011. He is appointed in his personal capacity as an independent expert by the UN Human Rights Council. "UN rights expert: “Fundamental right to strike must be preserved”." https://www.ohchr.org/EN/NewsEvents/Pages/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=21328andLangID=E The right to ..
the expert concluded. Framing the standard is maximizing expected wellbeing Independently: 1 Extinction outweighs---it’s the upmost moral evil and disavowal of the risk makes it more likely. Burns 2017 (Elizabeth Finneron-Burns is a Teaching Fellow at the University of Warwick and an Affiliated Researcher at the Institute for Futures Studies in Stockholm, What’s wrong with human extinction?, http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/00455091.2016.1278150?needAccess=true, Canadian Journal of Philosophy, 2017) Many, though certainly not .. required human extinction. 2 Complacency goes neg – academics and the wider public actively discount the probability AND magnitude of existential risks – only giving them extra attention in debate solves – that means our impact outweighs even in we lose the rest of framing Javorsky 18 Emilia Javorsky is a Boston-based physician-scientist focused on the invention, development and commercialization of new medical therapies. She also leads an Artificial Intelligence in Medicine initiative with The Future Society at the Harvard Kennedy School of Government. Why Human Extinction Needs a Marketing Department. January 15, 2018. https://www.xconomy.com/boston/2018/01/15/why-human-extinction-needs-a-marketing-department/ Experts at Oxford University ..
attention to this issue.
3 Non util ethics are impossible Greene 07 – Joshua, Associate Professor of Social science in the Department of Psychology at Harvard University (The Secret Joke of Kant’s Soul published in Moral Psychology: Historical and Contemporary Readings, accessed: https://www.gwern.net/docs/philosophy/ethics/2007-greene.pdf, pages 47-50) What turn-of-the-millennium science is ..
philosophy in question.
11/20/21
SeptOct -- 1AC - COVID
Tournament: Nano Nagle Classic | Round: 1 | Opponent: Southlake Carroll SD | Judge: Vanessa Nguyen 1AC – Nano Nagle Advantage Plan: The member nations of the World Trade Organization ought to reduce intellectual property protections for medicines deemed essential during public health emergencies of international concern. 1 The intellectual property system is fundamentally mismatched with emergency pandemic conditions. Ensuring we are ready for next time is vital Lindsey 21 Brink Lindsey has written on a wide range of topics including trade policy, globalization, American social and cultural history, and the nature of human capital. His current research focuses on economic growth and the policy barriers that impede it. "Why intellectual property and pandemics don’t mix." https://www.brookings.edu/blog/up-front/2021/06/03/why-intellectual-property-and-pandemics-dont-mix/ Although focusing on ..
of new drugs. 2 Reduction of IP protections during public health emergencies provides stability for existing countermeasures to ongoing threats Lyon 21 Regan F Lyon, 7-1-2021, "COVID-19 Response Has Uncovered and Increased Our Vulnerability to Biological Warfare," OUP Academic, https://academic.oup.com/milmed/article/186/7-8/193/6135020 The 2018 National .. restore our bioterror security. 3 Reducing IP restrictions on medicine is essential for expanding access – especially in developing countries, where lack of capital and domestic industry makes the same people who are most vulnerable to diseases the least likely to have access to expensive brand-name drugs Baird 13 Sean, Boston College of Law. Magic and Hope: Relaxing Trips-Plus Provisions to Promote Access to Affordable Pharmaceuticals. Boston College Journal of Law and Social Justice, 33(1), 107-145, 2013, http://lawdigitalcommons.bc.edu/jlsj/vol33/iss1/4, accessed 7-31-21 TRIPS-Plus provisions ..
over pharmaceutical prices.118 4 Expansion enables domestic manufacturing and innovation that decentralizes pharma supply chains HRW 6/3 — (Human Rights Watch, “Seven Reasons the EU is Wrong to Oppose the TRIPS Waiver“, 6-3-2021, Available Online at https://www.hrw.org/news/2021/06/03/seven-reasons-eu-wrong-oppose-trips-waiver, accessed 10-5-2021, HKR-AR) The European Commission claims ..
and effective. 5 Building domestic productive capacity is key to future pandemic resilience after COVID UNCTAD 20 The United Nations Conference on Trade and Development was established in 1964 as an intergovernmental organization intended to promote the interests of developing states in world trade. UNCTAD is the part of the United Nations Secretariat dealing with trade, investment, and development issues. "COVID-19 heightens need for pharmaceutical production in poor countries." https://unctad.org/news/covid-19-heightens-need-pharmaceutical-production-poor-countries With more than .. on external sources.” 6 Counterfeiting, innovation, donation, and manufacturing arguments are all wrong—strong domestic manufacturing is essential to pandemic containment Gostin 9/27 — (Lawrence O Gostin, Lawrence O. Gostin is professor of global health law, Georgetown University, and directs the World Health Organization Center on Global Health Law. His book "Global Health Security: A Blueprint for the Future"will be published in Oct. 2021, “Biden’s plan to vaccinate the world won’t work. Here’s a better one. “, Washington Post, 9-27-2021, Available Online at https://www.washingtonpost.com/outlook/2021/09/27/biden-vaccines-globe-inequity-donations/, accessed 10-5-2021, HKR-AR) Ramped up charitable ..
Pfizer and Moderna. 7 Only 0.9 of the developing world has the vaccine – capacity to produce it exists, but intellectual property restrictions are preventing production. Expanding access is key – it stops mutations and variants that take us back to square one on COVID Erfani et al 21 Parsa Erfani MD Candidate at Harvard Medical School. "Intellectual property waiver for covid-19 vaccines will advance global health equity." https://www.bmj.com/content/374/bmj.n1837 By late June ..
countries (LMICs) through poor health. 8 Drug access solves AMR and 15 million deaths a year AMI 21 Access to Medicine Index. The 2021 Index analyses how 20 of the world's largest pharmaceutical companies are addressing access to medicine in 106 low- and middle-income countries for 82 diseases, conditions and pathogens. Find out more about the scope of the Index research. "Why access matters." https://accesstomedicinefoundation.org/access-to-medicine-index/about-the-index/why-access-matters# Achieving universal ..
more people in need. 9 Resistance causes extinction---microbiome collapse and superbugs. Garrett 16. (Laurie Garrett is a Pulitzer prize-winning science journalist and writer of two bestselling books. She was awarded the Pulitzer Prize for Explanatory Journalism in 1996 for a series of works published in Newsday, chronicling the Ebola virus outbreak in Zaire. Antibiotic-Resistant Bacteria and the World's Peril. September 19, 2016. https://blogs.scientificamerican.com/guest-blog/antibiotic-resistant-bacteria-and-the-world-s-peril/) Welcome to the Anthropocene, .. for Earth’s microbiome. 10 Preventing pandemics should be our main priority – climate change and a host of other factors make them more common and more dangerous, so ensuring we are as ready as possible is key CNA 17, California Nurses Association, January 2017, “SARS, EBOLA, AND ZIKA: What Registered Nurses Need to Know About Emerging Infectious Diseases,” accessed via Google Cache INTRODUCTION Infectious diseases are a part of life, ..
s’ limitations on Medicaid. 11 New diseases cause extinction – uniquely probable due to environmental changes. Mooney 21 — (Tom Mooney, Senior Communications and Advocacy Manager for the Coalition for Epidemic Preparedness Innovations, “Preparing for the next “Disease X””, CEPI, 2-1-21, Available Online at https://cepi.net/news_cepi/preparing-for-the-next-disease-x/, accessed 9-10-21, HKR-AM) Disease X represents ..
epidemics and pandemics. 12 Pandemics increase the risk of regional and dyadic conflict—best case studies from COVID prove. Independently, negative examples are cherrypicked and solely analyze the beginnings of pandemics, continued transmission lays the groundwork for eventual instability and conflict Ide 12/14 — (Tobias Ide, Tobias Ide’s research broadly focuses on the intersections of environmental change and environmental politics with peace, conflict, and security. In my current research, I assess the impact of disasters on conflict dynamics, the security implications of climate change, and environmental peacebuilding processes. Further academic interests of me include climate politics, peace and conflict studies, international politics, and the critical geopolitics of education. I employ various quantitative and qualitative research methods, including qualitative comparative analysis (QCA) and field research. My teaching is guided by three principles: (1) introduce the core theoretical foundations of a field, (2) explore their usefulness in the context of real word developments and practical examples, and (3) utilise interactive methods to increase learning success. I hold an MA in Political Science (Leipzig, 2012), a PhD in Earth Sciences (Hamburg, 2015) and an advanced PhD (Habilitation) in Political Science (Braunschweig, 2019). Previously, I worked at the Georg Eckert Institute and the University of Melbourne, and held visiting positions at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem and the American University in Washington DC. My research has attracted funding by various external bodies (see Awards and grants). I published in leading disciplinary and interdisciplinary journals, including Global Environmental Change, International Affairs, International Studies Review, Journal of Peace Research, Nature Climate Change, and World Development (see Publications). Furthermore, I am a director of the Environmental Peacebuilding Association (EnPAx) and have consulted several decision makers (see Professional and community service)., “COVID-19 and armed conflict“,Available Online at https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0305750X20304836?via3Dihub, accessed 10-6-2021, HKR-AR) The growing number ..
than consolidated democracies (Cederman and Vogt, 2017). 13 Essential Medicines—indepedently, this proves existing WHO reluctance and desire to want to declare COVID an emergency WHO 21 — (World Health Organization, “WHO model list of essential medicines“, No Publication, 9-30-2021, Available Online at https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/WHO-MHP-HPS-EML-2021.02, accessed 10-7-2021, HKR-AR) Essential medicines are .. systems can afford. 14 Public health emergency of international concern CFR 21 — ( “What Does the World Health Organization Do?“, Council on Foreign Relations, 1-29-2021, Available Online at https://www.cfr.org/backgrounder/what-does-world-health-organization-do, accessed 10-7-2021, HKR-AR)
In an extraordinary .. coronavirus in 2020.
Framework the standard is maximizing expected wellbeing Independently: 1 Extinction o/ws – a trillions of people in future generations means the future holds a lot of value which extinction destroys – outweighs their offense under any framework, regardless of whether they are deontic or aretaic b Gateway issue - we need to be alive to assign value and debate competing moral theories- extinction literally ends the debate on “ought”. Use EM – Evaluate the framework debate as a sliding scale not true/false – weigh probability of framework being true times contention offense – framework serves to prioritize not preclude certain impacts, so only EM is logical – eg util agrees freedom matters, but wellbeing outweighs. 2 All other frameworks fail Mack 4 (Peter, MBBS, FRCS(Ed), FRCS (Glasg), PhD, MBA, MHlthEcon) “Utilitarian Ethics in Healthcare.” International Journal of the Computer, the Internet, and Management Vol. 12, No.3. 2004. Department of Surgery. Singapore General Hospital. SJDI Medicine is a costly .. situation are ignored. 3 Non util ethics are impossible Greene 10 – Joshua, Associate Professor of Social science in the Department of Psychology at Harvard University (The Secret Joke of Kant’s Soul published in Moral Psychology: Historical and Contemporary Readings, accessed: www.fed.cuhk.edu.hk/lchang/material/Evolutionary/Developmental/Greene-KantSoul.pdf) What turn-of-the-millennium science is .. philosophy in question. 4 That justifies util – it’s impartial, specific to public actors, and resolves infinite regress which explains all value. Greene 15 — (Joshua Greene, Professor of Psychology @ Harvard, being interviewed by Russ Roberts, “Joshua Greene on Moral Tribes, Moral Dilemmas, and Utilitarianism”, The Library of Economics and Liberty, 1-5-15, Available Online at https://www.econtalk.org/joshua-greene-on-moral-tribes-moral-dilemmas-and-utilitarianism/#audio-highlights, accessed 5-17-20, HKR-AM) NB: Guest = Greene, and only his lines are highlighted/underlined Guest: Okay. So, I think ..
of my defense.
10/9/21
SeptOct -- 1AC - COVID v2
Tournament: Nano Nagle Classic | Round: 5 | Opponent: Immaculate Heart JL | Judge: Lukas Krause 1AC – Nano Nagle Advantage Plan: The member nations of the World Trade Organization ought to reduce intellectual property protections for emergency use listing medicines during public health emergencies of international concern. 1 The intellectual property system is fundamentally mismatched with emergency pandemic conditions. Ensuring we are ready for next time is vital Lindsey 21 Brink Lindsey has written on a wide range of topics including trade policy, globalization, American social and cultural history, and the nature of human capital. His current research focuses on economic growth and the policy barriers that impede it. "Why intellectual property and pandemics don’t mix." https://www.brookings.edu/blog/up-front/2021/06/03/why-intellectual-property-and-pandemics-dont-mix/ Although focusing on ..
of new drugs. 2 COVID highlights just how vulnerable we are to both natural pandemics and human-made biological weapons—access is key Lyon 21 Regan F Lyon, 7-1-2021, "COVID-19 Response Has Uncovered and Increased Our Vulnerability to Biological Warfare," OUP Academic, https://academic.oup.com/milmed/article/186/7-8/193/6135020 The 2018 National .. restore our bioterror security. 3 Reducing IP restrictions on medicine is essential for expanding access – especially in developing countries, where lack of capital and domestic industry makes the same people who are most vulnerable to diseases the least likely to have access to expensive brand-name drugs Baird 13 Sean, Boston College of Law. Magic and Hope: Relaxing Trips-Plus Provisions to Promote Access to Affordable Pharmaceuticals. Boston College Journal of Law and Social Justice, 33(1), 107-145, 2013, http://lawdigitalcommons.bc.edu/jlsj/vol33/iss1/4, accessed 7-31-21 TRIPS-Plus provisions in ..
control over pharmaceutical prices.118 4 Expansion enables domestic manufacturing and innovation that decentralizes pharma supply chains HRW 6/3 — (Human Rights Watch, “Seven Reasons the EU is Wrong to Oppose the TRIPS Waiver“, 6-3-2021, Available Online at https://www.hrw.org/news/2021/06/03/seven-reasons-eu-wrong-oppose-trips-waiver, accessed 10-5-2021, HKR-AR) The European Commission ..
safe and effective. 5 Building domestic productive capacity is key to future pandemic resilience after COVID UNCTAD 20 The United Nations Conference on Trade and Development was established in 1964 as an intergovernmental organization intended to promote the interests of developing states in world trade. UNCTAD is the part of the United Nations Secretariat dealing with trade, investment, and development issues. "COVID-19 heightens need for pharmaceutical production in poor countries." https://unctad.org/news/covid-19-heightens-need-pharmaceutical-production-poor-countries With more than .. on external sources.” 6 Counterfeiting, innovation, donation, and manufacturing arguments are all wrong—strong domestic manufacturing is essential to pandemic containment Gostin 9/27 — (Lawrence O Gostin, Lawrence O. Gostin is professor of global health law, Georgetown University, and directs the World Health Organization Center on Global Health Law. His book "Global Health Security: A Blueprint for the Future"will be published in Oct. 2021, “Biden’s plan to vaccinate the world won’t work. Here’s a better one. “, Washington Post, 9-27-2021, Available Online at https://www.washingtonpost.com/outlook/2021/09/27/biden-vaccines-globe-inequity-donations/, accessed 10-5-2021, HKR-AR) Ramped up charitable ..
from Pfizer and Moderna. 7 Only 0.9 of the developing world has the vaccine – capacity to produce it exists, but intellectual property restrictions are preventing production. Expanding access is key – it stops mutations and variants that take us back to square one on COVID Erfani et al 21 Parsa Erfani MD Candidate at Harvard Medical School. "Intellectual property waiver for covid-19 vaccines will advance global health equity." https://www.bmj.com/content/374/bmj.n1837 By late June 2021, ..
through poor health. 8 Drug access solves AMR and 15 million deaths a year AMI 21 Access to Medicine Index. The 2021 Index analyses how 20 of the world's largest pharmaceutical companies are addressing access to medicine in 106 low- and middle-income countries for 82 diseases, conditions and pathogens. Find out more about the scope of the Index research. "Why access matters." https://accesstomedicinefoundation.org/access-to-medicine-index/about-the-index/why-access-matters# Achieving universal healthcare ..
people in need. 9 Resistance causes extinction---microbiome collapse and superbugs. Garrett 16. (Laurie Garrett is a Pulitzer prize-winning science journalist and writer of two bestselling books. She was awarded the Pulitzer Prize for Explanatory Journalism in 1996 for a series of works published in Newsday, chronicling the Ebola virus outbreak in Zaire. Antibiotic-Resistant Bacteria and the World's Peril. September 19, 2016. https://blogs.scientificamerican.com/guest-blog/antibiotic-resistant-bacteria-and-the-world-s-peril/) Welcome to the .. for Earth’s microbiome. 10 Preventing pandemics should be our main priority – climate change and a host of other factors make them more common and more dangerous, so ensuring we are as ready as possible is key CNA 17, California Nurses Association, January 2017, “SARS, EBOLA, AND ZIKA: What Registered Nurses Need to Know About Emerging Infectious Diseases,” accessed via Google Cache INTRODUCTION Infectious diseases ..
their states’ limitations on Medicaid. 11 New diseases cause extinction – uniquely probable due to environmental changes. Mooney 21 — (Tom Mooney, Senior Communications and Advocacy Manager for the Coalition for Epidemic Preparedness Innovations, “Preparing for the next “Disease X””, CEPI, 2-1-21, Available Online at https://cepi.net/news_cepi/preparing-for-the-next-disease-x/, accessed 9-10-21, HKR-AM) Disease X represents ..
epidemics and pandemics. 12 Pandemics increase the risk of regional and dyadic conflict—best case studies from COVID prove. Independently, negative examples are cherrypicked and solely analyze the beginnings of pandemics, continued transmission lays the groundwork for eventual instability and conflict Ide 12/14 — (Tobias Ide, Tobias Ide’s research broadly focuses on the intersections of environmental change and environmental politics with peace, conflict, and security. In my current research, I assess the impact of disasters on conflict dynamics, the security implications of climate change, and environmental peacebuilding processes. Further academic interests of me include climate politics, peace and conflict studies, international politics, and the critical geopolitics of education. I employ various quantitative and qualitative research methods, including qualitative comparative analysis (QCA) and field research. My teaching is guided by three principles: (1) introduce the core theoretical foundations of a field, (2) explore their usefulness in the context of real word developments and practical examples, and (3) utilise interactive methods to increase learning success. I hold an MA in Political Science (Leipzig, 2012), a PhD in Earth Sciences (Hamburg, 2015) and an advanced PhD (Habilitation) in Political Science (Braunschweig, 2019). Previously, I worked at the Georg Eckert Institute and the University of Melbourne, and held visiting positions at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem and the American University in Washington DC. My research has attracted funding by various external bodies (see Awards and grants). I published in leading disciplinary and interdisciplinary journals, including Global Environmental Change, International Affairs, International Studies Review, Journal of Peace Research, Nature Climate Change, and World Development (see Publications). Furthermore, I am a director of the Environmental Peacebuilding Association (EnPAx) and have consulted several decision makers (see Professional and community service)., “COVID-19 and armed conflict“,Available Online at https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0305750X20304836?via3Dihub, accessed 10-6-2021, HKR-AR) The growing number ..
than consolidated democracies (Cederman and Vogt, 2017). 13 EUL WHO ND — (World Health Organization, “Diagnostics laboratory emergency use listing“ , Available Online at https://www.who.int/teams/regulation-prequalification/eul, accessed 10-9-2021, HKR-AR) The WHO Emergency ..
product is licensed. 14 Public health emergency of international concern CFR 21 — ( “What Does the World Health Organization Do?“, Council on Foreign Relations, 1-29-2021, Available Online at https://www.cfr.org/backgrounder/what-does-world-health-organization-do, accessed 10-7-2021, HKR-AR)
In an .. coronavirus in 2020.
Framework the standard is maximizing expected wellbeing Independently: 1 Extinction outweighs---it’s the upmost moral evil and disavowal of the risk makes it more likely. Burns 2017 (Elizabeth Finneron-Burns is a Teaching Fellow at the University of Warwick and an Affiliated Researcher at the Institute for Futures Studies in Stockholm, What’s wrong with human extinction?, http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/00455091.2016.1278150?needAccess=true, Canadian Journal of Philosophy, 2017) Many, though certainly .. or required human extinction. 2 All other frameworks fail Mack 4 (Peter, MBBS, FRCS(Ed), FRCS (Glasg), PhD, MBA, MHlthEcon) “Utilitarian Ethics in Healthcare.” International Journal of the Computer, the Internet, and Management Vol. 12, No.3. 2004. Department of Surgery. Singapore General Hospital. SJDI Medicine is a .. situation are ignored. 3 Non util ethics are impossible Greene 10 – Joshua, Associate Professor of Social science in the Department of Psychology at Harvard University (The Secret Joke of Kant’s Soul published in Moral Psychology: Historical and Contemporary Readings, accessed: www.fed.cuhk.edu.hk/lchang/material/Evolutionary/Developmental/Greene-KantSoul.pdf) What turn-of-the-millennium science is telling .. philosophy in question. 4 That justifies util – it’s impartial, specific to public actors, and resolves infinite regress which explains all value. Greene 15 — (Joshua Greene, Professor of Psychology @ Harvard, being interviewed by Russ Roberts, “Joshua Greene on Moral Tribes, Moral Dilemmas, and Utilitarianism”, The Library of Economics and Liberty, 1-5-15, Available Online at https://www.econtalk.org/joshua-greene-on-moral-tribes-moral-dilemmas-and-utilitarianism/#audio-highlights, accessed 5-17-20, HKR-AM) NB: Guest = Greene, and only his lines are highlighted/underlined Guest: Okay. So, I think utilitarianism .. of my defense.
10/9/21
SeptOct -- 1AC - COVID v3
Tournament: Nano Nagle Classic | Round: Semis | Opponent: Sage MP | Judge: Felicity Park, David Dosch, Lukas Krause Plan: The member nations of the World Trade Organization ought to reduce intellectual property protections for emergency use listing medicines during public health emergencies of international concern. 1 The intellectual property system is fundamentally mismatched with emergency pandemic conditions. Ensuring we are ready for next time is vital Lindsey 21 Brink Lindsey has written on a wide range of topics including trade policy, globalization, American social and cultural history, and the nature of human capital. His current research focuses on economic growth and the policy barriers that impede it. "Why intellectual property and pandemics don’t mix." https://www.brookings.edu/blog/up-front/2021/06/03/why-intellectual-property-and-pandemics-dont-mix/ Although focusing on ..
of new drugs. 2 COVID highlights just how vulnerable we are to both natural pandemics and human-made biological weapons—access is key Lyon 21 Regan F Lyon, 7-1-2021, "COVID-19 Response Has Uncovered and Increased Our Vulnerability to Biological Warfare," OUP Academic, https://academic.oup.com/milmed/article/186/7-8/193/6135020 The 2018 National .. our bioterror security. 3 Reducing IP restrictions on medicine is essential for expanding access – especially in developing countries, where lack of capital and domestic industry makes the same people who are most vulnerable to diseases the least likely to have access to expensive brand-name drugs Baird 13 Sean, Boston College of Law. Magic and Hope: Relaxing Trips-Plus Provisions to Promote Access to Affordable Pharmaceuticals. Boston College Journal of Law and Social Justice, 33(1), 107-145, 2013, http://lawdigitalcommons.bc.edu/jlsj/vol33/iss1/4, accessed 7-31-21 TRIPS-Plus provisions in ..
over pharmaceutical prices.118 4 Expansion enables domestic manufacturing and innovation that decentralizes pharma supply chains HRW 6/3 — (Human Rights Watch, “Seven Reasons the EU is Wrong to Oppose the TRIPS Waiver“, 6-3-2021, Available Online at https://www.hrw.org/news/2021/06/03/seven-reasons-eu-wrong-oppose-trips-waiver, accessed 10-5-2021, HKR-AR) The European Commission ..
safe and effective. 5 Building domestic productive capacity is key to future pandemic resilience after COVID UNCTAD 20 The United Nations Conference on Trade and Development was established in 1964 as an intergovernmental organization intended to promote the interests of developing states in world trade. UNCTAD is the part of the United Nations Secretariat dealing with trade, investment, and development issues. "COVID-19 heightens need for pharmaceutical production in poor countries." https://unctad.org/news/covid-19-heightens-need-pharmaceutical-production-poor-countries With more than .. on external sources.” 6 Counterfeiting, innovation, donation, and manufacturing arguments are all wrong—strong domestic manufacturing is essential to pandemic containment Gostin 9/27 — (Lawrence O Gostin, Lawrence O. Gostin is professor of global health law, Georgetown University, and directs the World Health Organization Center on Global Health Law. His book "Global Health Security: A Blueprint for the Future"will be published in Oct. 2021, “Biden’s plan to vaccinate the world won’t work. Here’s a better one. “, Washington Post, 9-27-2021, Available Online at https://www.washingtonpost.com/outlook/2021/09/27/biden-vaccines-globe-inequity-donations/, accessed 10-5-2021, HKR-AR) Ramped up charitable ..
Pfizer and Moderna. 7 Only 0.9 of the developing world has the vaccine – capacity to produce it exists, but intellectual property restrictions are preventing production. Expanding access is key – it stops mutations and variants that take us back to square one on COVID Erfani et al 21 Parsa Erfani MD Candidate at Harvard Medical School. "Intellectual property waiver for covid-19 vaccines will advance global health equity." https://www.bmj.com/content/374/bmj.n1837 By late June ..
through poor health. 8 Pharma would cut marketing not research Light 17 — Donald W. Light, Professor of Psychiatry and Medical Sociology, Rowan University-School of Osteopathic Medicine Visiting Researcher, Division of Medical Ethics, NYU School of Medicine, 6-2-2017, Date Accessed: 11-11-2017, "Debunking The Pharmaceutical Research ‘Free Rider’ Myth: A response To Yu, Helms, And Bach" Health Affairs, http://www.healthaffairs.org/do/10.1377/hblog20170602.060376/full/ ECONOMIC BLACKMAIL When pharmaceutical companies .. research and innovation? 11 Preventing pandemics should be our main priority – climate change and a host of other factors make them more common and more dangerous, so ensuring we are as ready as possible is key CNA 17, California Nurses Association, January 2017, “SARS, EBOLA, AND ZIKA: What Registered Nurses Need to Know About Emerging Infectious Diseases,” accessed via Google Cache INTRODUCTION Infectious diseases are .. on Medicaid. 12 New diseases cause extinction – uniquely probable due to environmental changes. Mooney 21 — (Tom Mooney, Senior Communications and Advocacy Manager for the Coalition for Epidemic Preparedness Innovations, “Preparing for the next “Disease X””, CEPI, 2-1-21, Available Online at https://cepi.net/news_cepi/preparing-for-the-next-disease-x/, accessed 9-10-21, HKR-AM) Disease X represents ..
epidemics and pandemics. 13 Pandemics increase the risk of regional and dyadic conflict—best case studies from COVID prove. Independently, negative examples are cherrypicked and solely analyze the beginnings of pandemics, continued transmission lays the groundwork for eventual instability and conflict Ide 12/14 — (Tobias Ide, Tobias Ide’s research broadly focuses on the intersections of environmental change and environmental politics with peace, conflict, and security. In my current research, I assess the impact of disasters on conflict dynamics, the security implications of climate change, and environmental peacebuilding processes. Further academic interests of me include climate politics, peace and conflict studies, international politics, and the critical geopolitics of education. I employ various quantitative and qualitative research methods, including qualitative comparative analysis (QCA) and field research. My teaching is guided by three principles: (1) introduce the core theoretical foundations of a field, (2) explore their usefulness in the context of real word developments and practical examples, and (3) utilise interactive methods to increase learning success. I hold an MA in Political Science (Leipzig, 2012), a PhD in Earth Sciences (Hamburg, 2015) and an advanced PhD (Habilitation) in Political Science (Braunschweig, 2019). Previously, I worked at the Georg Eckert Institute and the University of Melbourne, and held visiting positions at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem and the American University in Washington DC. My research has attracted funding by various external bodies (see Awards and grants). I published in leading disciplinary and interdisciplinary journals, including Global Environmental Change, International Affairs, International Studies Review, Journal of Peace Research, Nature Climate Change, and World Development (see Publications). Furthermore, I am a director of the Environmental Peacebuilding Association (EnPAx) and have consulted several decision makers (see Professional and community service)., “COVID-19 and armed conflict“,Available Online at https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0305750X20304836?via3Dihub, accessed 10-6-2021, HKR-AR) The growing number ..
than consolidated democracies (Cederman and Vogt, 2017). 14 EUL WHO ND — (World Health Organization, “Diagnostics laboratory emergency use listing“ , Available Online at https://www.who.int/teams/regulation-prequalification/eul, accessed 10-9-2021, HKR-AR) The WHO Emergency Use ..
the new coronavirus in 2020.
the standard is maximizing expected wellbeing Independently: 1 Extinction o/ws – a trillions of people in future generations means the future holds a lot of value which extinction destroys – outweighs their offense under any framework, regardless of whether they are deontic or aretaic b Gateway issue - we need to be alive to assign value and debate competing moral theories- extinction literally ends the debate on “ought”. Use EM – Evaluate the framework debate as a sliding scale not true/false – weigh probability of framework being true times contention offense – framework serves to prioritize not preclude certain impacts, so only EM is logical – eg util agrees freedom matters, but wellbeing outweighs. 2 All other frameworks fail Mack 4 (Peter, MBBS, FRCS(Ed), FRCS (Glasg), PhD, MBA, MHlthEcon) “Utilitarian Ethics in Healthcare.” International Journal of the Computer, the Internet, and Management Vol. 12, No.3. 2004. Department of Surgery. Singapore General Hospital. SJDI Medicine is a .. situation are ignored. 3 Non util ethics are impossible Greene 10 – Joshua, Associate Professor of Social science in the Department of Psychology at Harvard University (The Secret Joke of Kant’s Soul published in Moral Psychology: Historical and Contemporary Readings, accessed: www.fed.cuhk.edu.hk/lchang/material/Evolutionary/Developmental/Greene-KantSoul.pdf) What turn-of-the-millennium science .. philosophy in question. 4 That justifies util – it’s impartial, specific to public actors, and resolves infinite regress which explains all value. Greene 15 — (Joshua Greene, Professor of Psychology @ Harvard, being interviewed by Russ Roberts, “Joshua Greene on Moral Tribes, Moral Dilemmas, and Utilitarianism”, The Library of Economics and Liberty, 1-5-15, Available Online at https://www.econtalk.org/joshua-greene-on-moral-tribes-moral-dilemmas-and-utilitarianism/#audio-highlights, accessed 5-17-20, HKR-AM) NB: Guest = Greene, and only his lines are highlighted/underlined Guest: Okay. So .. of my defense.
10/11/21
SeptOct -- 1AC - COVID v4
Tournament: Nano Nagle Classic Round Robin | Round: 2 | Opponent: Saratoga AG | Judge: David Dosch 1 The intellectual property system is fundamentally mismatched with emergency pandemic conditions. Ensuring we are ready for next time is vital Lindsey 21 Brink Lindsey has written on a wide range of topics including trade policy, globalization, American social and cultural history, and the nature of human capital. His current research focuses on economic growth and the policy barriers that impede it. "Why intellectual property and pandemics don’t mix." https://www.brookings.edu/blog/up-front/2021/06/03/why-intellectual-property-and-pandemics-dont-mix/ Although focusing on ..
of new drugs. 2 COVID highlights just how vulnerable we are to both natural pandemics and human-made biological weapons—access is key Lyon 21 Regan F Lyon, 7-1-2021, "COVID-19 Response Has Uncovered and Increased Our Vulnerability to Biological Warfare," OUP Academic, https://academic.oup.com/milmed/article/186/7-8/193/6135020 The 2018 National .. our bioterror security. 3 Reducing IP restrictions on medicine is essential for expanding access – especially in developing countries, where lack of capital and domestic industry makes the same people who are most vulnerable to diseases the least likely to have access to expensive brand-name drugs Baird 13 Sean, Boston College of Law. Magic and Hope: Relaxing Trips-Plus Provisions to Promote Access to Affordable Pharmaceuticals. Boston College Journal of Law and Social Justice, 33(1), 107-145, 2013, http://lawdigitalcommons.bc.edu/jlsj/vol33/iss1/4, accessed 7-31-21 TRIPS-Plus provisions in ..
over pharmaceutical prices.118 4 Expansion enables domestic manufacturing and innovation that decentralizes pharma supply chains HRW 6/3 — (Human Rights Watch, “Seven Reasons the EU is Wrong to Oppose the TRIPS Waiver“, 6-3-2021, Available Online at https://www.hrw.org/news/2021/06/03/seven-reasons-eu-wrong-oppose-trips-waiver, accessed 10-5-2021, HKR-AR) The European Commission ..
safe and effective. 5 Building domestic productive capacity is key to future pandemic resilience after COVID UNCTAD 20 The United Nations Conference on Trade and Development was established in 1964 as an intergovernmental organization intended to promote the interests of developing states in world trade. UNCTAD is the part of the United Nations Secretariat dealing with trade, investment, and development issues. "COVID-19 heightens need for pharmaceutical production in poor countries." https://unctad.org/news/covid-19-heightens-need-pharmaceutical-production-poor-countries With more than .. on external sources.” 6 Counterfeiting, innovation, donation, and manufacturing arguments are all wrong—strong domestic manufacturing is essential to pandemic containment Gostin 9/27 — (Lawrence O Gostin, Lawrence O. Gostin is professor of global health law, Georgetown University, and directs the World Health Organization Center on Global Health Law. His book "Global Health Security: A Blueprint for the Future"will be published in Oct. 2021, “Biden’s plan to vaccinate the world won’t work. Here’s a better one. “, Washington Post, 9-27-2021, Available Online at https://www.washingtonpost.com/outlook/2021/09/27/biden-vaccines-globe-inequity-donations/, accessed 10-5-2021, HKR-AR) Ramped up charitable ..
Pfizer and Moderna. 7 Only 0.9 of the developing world has the vaccine – capacity to produce it exists, but intellectual property restrictions are preventing production. Expanding access is key – it stops mutations and variants that take us back to square one on COVID Erfani et al 21 Parsa Erfani MD Candidate at Harvard Medical School. "Intellectual property waiver for covid-19 vaccines will advance global health equity." https://www.bmj.com/content/374/bmj.n1837 By late June ..
through poor health. 8 Pharma would cut marketing not research Light 17 — Donald W. Light, Professor of Psychiatry and Medical Sociology, Rowan University-School of Osteopathic Medicine Visiting Researcher, Division of Medical Ethics, NYU School of Medicine, 6-2-2017, Date Accessed: 11-11-2017, "Debunking The Pharmaceutical Research ‘Free Rider’ Myth: A response To Yu, Helms, And Bach" Health Affairs, http://www.healthaffairs.org/do/10.1377/hblog20170602.060376/full/ ECONOMIC BLACKMAIL When pharmaceutical companies .. research and innovation? 11 Preventing pandemics should be our main priority – climate change and a host of other factors make them more common and more dangerous, so ensuring we are as ready as possible is key CNA 17, California Nurses Association, January 2017, “SARS, EBOLA, AND ZIKA: What Registered Nurses Need to Know About Emerging Infectious Diseases,” accessed via Google Cache INTRODUCTION Infectious diseases are .. on Medicaid. 12 New diseases cause extinction – uniquely probable due to environmental changes. Mooney 21 — (Tom Mooney, Senior Communications and Advocacy Manager for the Coalition for Epidemic Preparedness Innovations, “Preparing for the next “Disease X””, CEPI, 2-1-21, Available Online at https://cepi.net/news_cepi/preparing-for-the-next-disease-x/, accessed 9-10-21, HKR-AM) Disease X represents ..
epidemics and pandemics. 13 Pandemics increase the risk of regional and dyadic conflict—best case studies from COVID prove. Independently, negative examples are cherrypicked and solely analyze the beginnings of pandemics, continued transmission lays the groundwork for eventual instability and conflict Ide 12/14 — (Tobias Ide, Tobias Ide’s research broadly focuses on the intersections of environmental change and environmental politics with peace, conflict, and security. In my current research, I assess the impact of disasters on conflict dynamics, the security implications of climate change, and environmental peacebuilding processes. Further academic interests of me include climate politics, peace and conflict studies, international politics, and the critical geopolitics of education. I employ various quantitative and qualitative research methods, including qualitative comparative analysis (QCA) and field research. My teaching is guided by three principles: (1) introduce the core theoretical foundations of a field, (2) explore their usefulness in the context of real word developments and practical examples, and (3) utilise interactive methods to increase learning success. I hold an MA in Political Science (Leipzig, 2012), a PhD in Earth Sciences (Hamburg, 2015) and an advanced PhD (Habilitation) in Political Science (Braunschweig, 2019). Previously, I worked at the Georg Eckert Institute and the University of Melbourne, and held visiting positions at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem and the American University in Washington DC. My research has attracted funding by various external bodies (see Awards and grants). I published in leading disciplinary and interdisciplinary journals, including Global Environmental Change, International Affairs, International Studies Review, Journal of Peace Research, Nature Climate Change, and World Development (see Publications). Furthermore, I am a director of the Environmental Peacebuilding Association (EnPAx) and have consulted several decision makers (see Professional and community service)., “COVID-19 and armed conflict“,Available Online at https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0305750X20304836?via3Dihub, accessed 10-6-2021, HKR-AR) The growing number ..
than consolidated democracies (Cederman and Vogt, 2017). 14 EUL WHO ND — (World Health Organization, “Diagnostics laboratory emergency use listing“ , Available Online at https://www.who.int/teams/regulation-prequalification/eul, accessed 10-9-2021, HKR-AR) The WHO Emergency Use ..
the new coronavirus in 2020.
Plan: The member nations of the World Trade Organization ought to reduce intellectual property patent protections for emergency use listing medicines during public health emergencies of international concern.
the standard is maximizing expected wellbeing Independently: 1 Extinction o/ws – a trillions of people in future generations means the future holds a lot of value which extinction destroys – outweighs their offense under any framework, regardless of whether they are deontic or aretaic b Gateway issue - we need to be alive to assign value and debate competing moral theories- extinction literally ends the debate on “ought”. Use EM – Evaluate the framework debate as a sliding scale not true/false – weigh probability of framework being true times contention offense – framework serves to prioritize not preclude certain impacts, so only EM is logical – eg util agrees freedom matters, but wellbeing outweighs. 2 All other frameworks fail Mack 4 (Peter, MBBS, FRCS(Ed), FRCS (Glasg), PhD, MBA, MHlthEcon) “Utilitarian Ethics in Healthcare.” International Journal of the Computer, the Internet, and Management Vol. 12, No.3. 2004. Department of Surgery. Singapore General Hospital. SJDI Medicine is a .. situation are ignored. 3 Non util ethics are impossible Greene 10 – Joshua, Associate Professor of Social science in the Department of Psychology at Harvard University (The Secret Joke of Kant’s Soul published in Moral Psychology: Historical and Contemporary Readings, accessed: www.fed.cuhk.edu.hk/lchang/material/Evolutionary/Developmental/Greene-KantSoul.pdf) What turn-of-the-millennium science .. philosophy in question. 4 That justifies util – it’s impartial, specific to public actors, and resolves infinite regress which explains all value. Greene 15 — (Joshua Greene, Professor of Psychology @ Harvard, being interviewed by Russ Roberts, “Joshua Greene on Moral Tribes, Moral Dilemmas, and Utilitarianism”, The Library of Economics and Liberty, 1-5-15, Available Online at https://www.econtalk.org/joshua-greene-on-moral-tribes-moral-dilemmas-and-utilitarianism/#audio-highlights, accessed 5-17-20, HKR-AM) NB: Guest = Greene, and only his lines are highlighted/underlined Guest: Okay. So .. of my defense.