Harker Novice Aff
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| Blue Key | 1 | The Neg | Aff |
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| Nov-Dec Topic | 1 | Opponent | Judge |
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| Blue Key | 1 | Opponent: The Neg | Judge: Aff 1AC |
| Nov-Dec Topic | 1 | Opponent: Opponent | Judge: Judge 1AC |
To modify or delete round reports, edit the associated round.
Cites
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1AC COVID VaccinesTournament: Nov-Dec Topic | Round: 1 | Opponent: Opponent | Judge: Judge 1AC1AC – AdvocacyBecause the obligation to ensure the greatest expected wellbeing for the great number requires expanding access to medicine, I affirm the resolution: The member nations of the World Trade Organization ought to reduce intellectual property protections for medicines.The World Trade Organization defines intellectual property as:~World Trade Organization, No Listed Publication Date. https://www.wto.org/english/tratop'e/trips'e/intel1'e.htm~~ AND to be found between the legitimate interests of right holders and of users. 1AC – Pandemic ResponseThe intellectual property system is fundamentally mismatched with emergency pandemic conditions – creating a broad precedent that weakens restrictions on generic vaccines in response to pandemics not only stops immense suffering from COVID surges in India and South America – it also lays the groundwork for future pandemics that are inevitable. Ensuring we are ready for next time is vitalLindsey 21 ~Brink Lindsey has written on a wide range of topics including trade policy, globalization, American social and cultural history, and the nature of human capital. His current research focuses on economic growth and the policy barriers that impede it. "Why intellectual property and pandemics don’t mix." https://www.brookings.edu/blog/up-front/2021/06/03/why-intellectual-property-and-pandemics-dont-mix/~~ AND employ other, more direct means to incentivize the development of new drugs. This is particularly true in the United States – our Covid response was slow as mismanaged – ensuring we are ready next time is key to saving hundreds of thousands of lives the next time around Lewis 21, Tanya Lewis, 3-11-2021, "How the U.S. Pandemic Response Went Wrong—and What Went Right—during a Year of COVID," Scientific American, https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/how-the-u-s-pandemic-response-went-wrong-and-what-went-right-during-a-year-of-covid/ AND of these tests, and the FDA has been slow to approve them. There is a proposal now to expand access for COVID vaccines – but tons of WTO member states will vote against it because of pressure from the pharmaceutical industryLoftus and Hopkins 21 ~Peter Loftus writes about the pharmaceutical industry and healthcare from Dow Jones' Philadelphia bureau. His coverage areas include large drug makers such as Merck and Eli Lilly, and the latest developments in drug research. He occasionally writes about non-pharmaceutical news from the Philadelphia region. Jared S. Hopkins is a New York-based reporter for The Wall Street Journal covering the pharmaceutical industry, including companies such as Pfizer Inc. and Merck and Co. He previously was a health-care reporter at Bloomberg News and an investigative reporter at the Chicago Tribune."Covid-19 Vaccine Makers Press Countries to Oppose Patent Waiver." https://www.wsj.com/articles/covid-19-vaccine-makers-press-countries-to-oppose-patent-waiver-11622021402~~ AND send doses, through an international initiative called Covax, to developing nations. COVID highlights just how vulnerable we are to both natural pandemics and man-made biological weapons – the deciding factor in effective response is ensuring people can be vaccinated as fast as possibleLyon 21 ~Regan F Lyon, 7-1-2021, "COVID-19 Response Has Uncovered and Increased Our Vulnerability to Biological Warfare," OUP Academic, https://academic.oup.com/milmed/article/186/7-8/193/6135020~~ AND defense strategies, and offer areas for improvement to restore our bioterror security. Reducing IP restrictions on medicine is essential for expanding access – especially in developing countries, where lack of capital and domestic industry makes the same people who are most vulnerable to diseases the least likely to have access to expensive brand-name drugsBaird 13 ~Sean, Boston College of Law. Magic and Hope: Relaxing Trips-Plus Provisions to Promote Access to Affordable Pharmaceuticals. Boston College Journal of Law and Social Justice, 33(1), 107-145, 2013, http://lawdigitalcommons.bc.edu/jlsj/vol33/iss1/4, accessed 7-31-21~ AND relaxing data exclu- sivity and compulsory licensing provisions for various drugs.207 Only 0.9 of the developing world has the vaccine – capacity to produce it exists, but intellectual property restrictions are preventing production. Expanding access is key – it stops mutations and variants that take us back to square one on COVIDErfani et al 21 ~Parsa Erfani MD Candidate at Harvard Medical School. "Intellectual property waiver for covid-19 vaccines will advance global health equity." https://www.bmj.com/content/374/bmj.n1837~~ AND choking of low and middle income countries (LMICs) through poor health. Preventing pandemics should be our main priority – climate change and a host of other factors make them more common and more dangerous, so ensuring we are as ready as possible is keyCAN 17, California Nurses Association, January 2017, "SARS, EBOLA, AND ZIKA: What Registered Nurses Need to Know About Emerging Infectious Diseases," accessed via Google Cache AND access to healthcare is extremely limited due to their states’ limitations on Medicaid. Thus, because the member nations of the World Trade Organization reducing intellectual property protections for medicines is necessary for ensuring the greatest good for the greatest number of people, I affirm and now am open for cross-examination.1AC – Fwk (Optional)Because ought implies moral judgment, the standard is morality. The debate should determine what proposal is best suited to preserve human life and happiness.That must be the moral frame – moral judgements that don’t try to maximize human life and happiness are either overly subjective or can’t be effectively used for political decisions – only an explicitly consequentialist decision process ensures moral outcomesGreene 10 ~Joshua, Associate Professor of Social science in the Department of Psychology at Harvard University. The Secret Joke of Kant’s Soul published in Moral Psychology: Historical and Contemporary Readings, accessed: www.fed.cuhk.edu.hk/~lchang/material/Evolutionary/Developmental/Greene-KantSoul.pdf~ AND religion, they don't really explain what's distinctive about the philosophy in question. Last is actor specificity – governments are constantly weighing different policies to make the best possible choice, which means moral side constraints that outright ban actions on abstract principles can hurt more people and prevent good policy. | 10/21/21 |
Open Source
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10/21/21 | nathankarlfleming@gmailcom |
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