Harker Khan Neg
| Tournament | Round | Opponent | Judge | Cites | Round Report | Open Source | Edit/Delete |
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| CPS | 1 | Marlborough LF | Asher Towner |
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| CPS | 3 | Hamilont Ind Al | April ma |
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| CPS | 6 | Mitty AA | Alex Baez |
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| Glenbrooks | 6 | Marlborough JH | Patrick Fox |
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| Glenbrooks | 3 | Harvard Westlake CR | Lena Mizrahi |
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| Glenbrooks | 7 | Strake Jesuit MS | Gordon Krauss |
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| Glenbrooks | 1 | Basis Peoria PY | Jared Croitoru |
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| Harvard Westlake | 4 | Solebury GS | Ari Davidson |
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| Harvard Westlake | 2 | Dwight Englewood EK | Leah Clark Villanueva |
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| Harvard Westlake | 6 | Harvard Westlake MT | Vanessa Nguyen |
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| Long Beach | 6 | Mitty AA | Saketh Kotapati |
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| Long Beach | 3 | Peninsula EL | Jan Wimmer |
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| Long Beach | 1 | Perry JA | Lukas Krause |
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| Pres | 5 | Irvington SD | Samantha McLoughlin |
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| Pres | 2 | Sequoia AS | Amy Nyberg |
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| Pres | 4 | Mission San Jose SR | Lukas Krause |
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| St Marks | 4 | Tays KM | Jonathan Hsu |
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| St Marks | Octas | Harvard Westlake IC | Gerard Grigsby, Annabelle Long, Colton Gilbert |
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| St Marks | 1 | Marlborough JK | David Dosch |
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| St Marks | 6 | Harvard Westlake KD | Danielle Dosch |
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| St Marks | Doubles | Southlake Caroll EP | Danielle Dosch, David Dosch, Anabelle Long |
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| St Marks | Quarters | Homestead SL | Ari Davidson, Colton Gilbert, Jonathan Hsu |
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| Valley | 3 | Strath Haven AM | Cyrus Jackson |
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| Valley | 5 | MSJ SB | Spencer Orlowski |
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| Valley | 1 | Peninsula JG | Faizaan Dossani |
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| turbografx16 | Triples | check cite | check cite |
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| turbografx16 | Triples | check cite | check cite |
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| turbografx16 | Quads | Contact | Contact |
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| Tournament | Round | Report |
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| CPS | 1 | Opponent: Marlborough LF | Judge: Asher Towner 1ac - Debris Inequality |
| CPS | 3 | Opponent: Hamilont Ind Al | Judge: April ma 1ac - TechnoOrientalism |
| CPS | 6 | Opponent: Mitty AA | Judge: Alex Baez 1ac - PDT |
| Glenbrooks | 6 | Opponent: Marlborough JH | Judge: Patrick Fox 1ac - Prison Workers |
| Glenbrooks | 3 | Opponent: Harvard Westlake CR | Judge: Lena Mizrahi 1ac - US Inequality |
| Glenbrooks | 7 | Opponent: Strake Jesuit MS | Judge: Gordon Krauss 1ac - Courts |
| Glenbrooks | 1 | Opponent: Basis Peoria PY | Judge: Jared Croitoru 1ac - Gillespie |
| Harvard Westlake | 4 | Opponent: Solebury GS | Judge: Ari Davidson 1ac - Counter Operations |
| Harvard Westlake | 2 | Opponent: Dwight Englewood EK | Judge: Leah Clark Villanueva 1ac - Mining |
| Harvard Westlake | 6 | Opponent: Harvard Westlake MT | Judge: Vanessa Nguyen 1ac - Cap |
| Long Beach | 6 | Opponent: Mitty AA | Judge: Saketh Kotapati 1ac - Data exclusivity |
| Long Beach | 3 | Opponent: Peninsula EL | Judge: Jan Wimmer 1ac - Vaccine Imperialism |
| Long Beach | 1 | Opponent: Perry JA | Judge: Lukas Krause 1ac - Zoom Vitality |
| Pres | 5 | Opponent: Irvington SD | Judge: Samantha McLoughlin 1ac - wholeres |
| Pres | 2 | Opponent: Sequoia AS | Judge: Amy Nyberg 1ac - Jordan |
| Pres | 4 | Opponent: Mission San Jose SR | Judge: Lukas Krause 1ac - Virtue |
| St Marks | 4 | Opponent: Tays KM | Judge: Jonathan Hsu 1ac - Trips |
| St Marks | Octas | Opponent: Harvard Westlake IC | Judge: Gerard Grigsby, Annabelle Long, Colton Gilbert 1ac - Covid |
| St Marks | 1 | Opponent: Marlborough JK | Judge: David Dosch 1ac - Vaccine Imperialism |
| St Marks | 6 | Opponent: Harvard Westlake KD | Judge: Danielle Dosch 1ac - Covid |
| St Marks | Doubles | Opponent: Southlake Caroll EP | Judge: Danielle Dosch, David Dosch, Anabelle Long 1ac - Weed |
| St Marks | Quarters | Opponent: Homestead SL | Judge: Ari Davidson, Colton Gilbert, Jonathan Hsu 1ac - Hapticality |
| Valley | 3 | Opponent: Strath Haven AM | Judge: Cyrus Jackson 1ac - Covid |
| Valley | 5 | Opponent: MSJ SB | Judge: Spencer Orlowski ac - gender hacking |
| Valley | 1 | Opponent: Peninsula JG | Judge: Faizaan Dossani 1ac - Disability |
| turbografx16 | Triples | Opponent: check cite | Judge: check cite check cite |
| turbografx16 | Triples | Opponent: check cite | Judge: check cite check cite |
| turbografx16 | Quads | Opponent: Contact | Judge: Contact contact |
To modify or delete round reports, edit the associated round.
Cites
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0 - ContactTournament: turbografx16 | Round: Quads | Opponent: Contact | Judge: Contact Cites no work @ glenbrooks | 12/18/21 |
1 - aspecTournament: Harvard Westlake | Round: 6 | Opponent: Harvard Westlake MT | Judge: Vanessa Nguyen Interpretation: the affirmative must specify the agent of the plan in the plan text or in cx if asked | 1/17/22 |
1 - cap k vs gender hackingTournament: Valley | Round: 5 | Opponent: MSJ SB | Judge: Spencer Orlowski CAPThe aff ignores the effects of capitalism on identities — sexual identity was marked as less valuable because queer bodies could not reproduce in the same way heterosexual bodies could — we are winning a sequencing argument that should frame how you view the 1ar responsesHennessy 2k AND into the power of more obvious and perhaps more compelling ways of seeing. Sexual rights rely on a neoliberal conception of negative freedom that defines autonomy as consumption independent of state regulation – this precludes an intersectional analysis that can achieve equality and justice better than the AFFs token inclusionMullins 8—Greg, is author of Colonial Affairs: Bowles, Burroughs, and Chester Write Tangier. He teaches comparative literature and human rights at Evergreen State College. "Dionne Brand's Poetics of Recognition: Reframing Sexual Rights," Callaloo 30.4 1100-1109, Project Muse AND recognition by a liberal state as a precondition for staking claims of justice. Our critique independently outweighs the case - neoliberalism causes extinction and massive social inequalities Farbod 15 ( Faramarz Farbod , PhD Candidate @ Rutgers, Prof @ Moravian College, Monthly Review, http://mrzine.monthlyreview.org/2015/farbod020615.html, 6-2) AND enhancing natural and social systems will soon reach a point of no return. Vote negative to place the force of the ballot behind the Communist Party. The method of the Party is distinct and exclusive with the method of the 1AC—-a negative ballot foregrounds political organization and commonality against capitalJodi Dean 16, Professor of Political Theory at Hobart and William Smith Colleges, 2016, Crowds and Party AND crowds disperse, channeling its divisive promise of justice into organized political struggle. They don't get a permutation—a permutation is a test of competitiveness between policy options—that model doesn't make sense when the debate is between amorphous philosophical positions because you can't really tie them down to anything – they have no clear standard for competition which forces the neg to answer the aff while negotiating competitionMutual aid groups help get medicine for eachother | 1/17/22 |
1 - curry kTournament: Pres | Round: 4 | Opponent: Mission San Jose SR | Judge: Lukas Krause Academic philosophy is anti-Black – the 1AC’s abstraction from the material consequences of racialized violence absolves white philosophers of their contributions to America’s apathy towards racismTommy J. Curry and Curry 18 ~Tommy, PhD, Prof. of Philosophy @ TAMU, Gwenetta, PhD, Ass. Prof. of Gender and Race Studies @ Alabama~, "On the Perils of Race Neutrality and Anti-Blackness: Philosophy as an Irreconcilable Obstacle to (Black) Thought," American Journal of Economics and Sociology, Vol. 77, Nos. 3-4 (May-September 2018). DOI: 10.1111/ajes.12244 AND and build strategies against the present problems of racism in philosophy before us. Even if they win that their theory is theoretically ideal, it is practically impossible because racialized bodies are marked by their skin color – the psychological construction of Black as inferior makes their impacts inevitableTommy J. Curry and Curry 18 ~Tommy, PhD, Prof. of Philosophy @ TAMU, Gwenetta, PhD, Ass. Prof. of Gender and Race Studies @ Alabama~, "On the Perils of Race Neutrality and Anti-Blackness: Philosophy as an Irreconcilable Obstacle to (Black) Thought," American Journal of Economics and Sociology, Vol. 77, Nos. 3-4 (May-September 2018). DOI: 10.1111/ajes.12244 AND or friends who live within their social environment. Academic philosophy operates similarly. Racism deems Black life disposable and demands racialized violence – we’re not an ad-hom that criticizes the positionality or personal views of their authors – their philosophy is actively used as an expression of white supremacyTommy J. Curry and Curry 18 ~Tommy, PhD, Prof. of Philosophy @ TAMU, Gwenetta, PhD, Ass. Prof. of Gender and Race Studies @ Alabama~, "On the Perils of Race Neutrality and Anti-Blackness: Philosophy as an Irreconcilable Obstacle to (Black) Thought," American Journal of Economics and Sociology, Vol. 77, Nos. 3-4 (May-September 2018). DOI: 10.1111/ajes.12244 AND that Black philosophers and graduate students share with whites become more worthwhile topics. This turns the aff – America is organized around the subjugation and death of non-white people – discriminatory applications of their policy are inevitable absent a recognition of racialization in the law – their colorblindness is mutually exclusive with the necessary upheaval of the racial dynamics that necessitate inequality.Tommy J. and Gwenetta Curry and Curry 18 ~Tommy, PhD, Prof. of Philosophy @ TAMU, Gwenetta, PhD, Ass. Prof. of Gender and Race Studies @ Alabama~, "On the Perils of Race Neutrality and Anti-Blackness: Philosophy as an Irreconcilable Obstacle to (Black) Thought," American Journal of Economics and Sociology, Vol. 77, Nos. 3-4 (May-September 2018). DOI: 10.1111/ajes.12244 AND rely on institutional racism to produce social structures that reward and elevate whites. Instead, the alternative is to affirm Black philosophy as a site to engage in radical theorizations that are a genuine reflection of Black experience – attempts at integration commodifies Black philosophers as extensions of white thinkers which waters down Black philosophy to a form for white philosophers to deem respectable scholarship – a fundamental reorientation of the discipline away from universal reason is key.Tommy J. Curry and Curry 18 ~Tommy, PhD, Prof. of Philosophy @ TAMU, Gwenetta, PhD, Ass. Prof. of Gender and Race Studies @ Alabama~, "On the Perils of Race Neutrality and Anti-Blackness: Philosophy as an Irreconcilable Obstacle to (Black) Thought," American Journal of Economics and Sociology, Vol. 77, Nos. 3-4 (May-September 2018). DOI: 10.1111/ajes.12244 AND levels of thought is what is at stake in the Black philosophical project. The role of the ballot is to endorse a pedagogical investment of rejecting racism – they have to win that the aff is not racist to engage in the first place – it comes first because it determines academic spaces and is an accessibility magnifierDon’t evaluate the plan if we win a link: colorblindness is the structuring ideological conflict of debate that pervades the performances and behavior of the community | 1/17/22 |
1 - defend the topic vs gender hackingTournament: Valley | Round: 5 | Opponent: MSJ SB | Judge: Spencer Orlowski TInterp: Affirmatives must defend that the member nations of the World Trade Organization ought to reduce intellectual property protections for medicines This does not require the use of any particular style, type of evidence, or assumption about the role of the judge — only that the topic should determine the debate’s subject matter.Resolved" means enactment of a law.Words and Phrases 64 Words and Phrases Permanent Edition (Multi-volume set of judicial definitions). "Resolved". 1964. AND ," which is defined by Bouvier as meaning "to establish by law". WTO is an international trade organizationWTO ~"What is the WTO?"~ ~DS~ AND producers of goods and services, exporters, and importers conduct their business. Violation – ~insert~No I meets – at best they’re still extra T which kills ground and engagement because they can use it to solve back our links TVA- ~Defend the actual implementation of removing IPP — the aff is very close to wholeres~ – you can still include performance and the criticism. Disads to the TVA prove neg ground and no right to a perfect 1acSwitch side debate – critiques of liberalism and permformance can be read on the neg – solves dogmatism by testing different viewpoints Vote Neg – their interpretation eviscerates negative ground because they’ll say no implementation makes the results of the aff irrelevant – kills negative engagement and testing which internal link turns any terminal impact to debate. — proven by 1ac cx shiftinessOtherwise, they have passive opinions without meaningful advocacy – MeToo, BlackLives Matter, and other movements are grounded in particular policies that can help marginalized people – they abstract from those impacts which means movement failure is inevitable and its likely they support worse, dogmatic policies that harm marginalized people more, which internal link turns the aff.Nations bad isn’t offense against topicality bc they don’t have to endorse the state, just have an opinion on it AND you can criticize the nation bc you defend a change from the squoDrop the debater – the round shouldn’t have happened in the first placeNo RVIs – this includes impact turns and independent voting issues – | 1/17/22 |
1 - defend the topic vs gillespieTournament: Glenbrooks | Round: 1 | Opponent: Basis Peoria PY | Judge: Jared Croitoru Interp: Our Interpretation is the affirmative should instrumentally defend the resolution about the RTS – hold the line, CX and the 1AC prove there’s no I-meet – anything new in the 1AR is either extra-T since it includes the non-topical parts of the Aff or effects-T since it’s a future result of the advocacy which both link to our offense.This does not require the use of any particular style, type of evidence, or assumption about the role of the judge — only that the topic should determine the debate’s subject matter."Resolved" means enactment of a law.Words and Phrases 64 Words and Phrases Permanent Edition (Multi-volume set of judicial definitions). "Resolved". 1964. AND ," which is defined by Bouvier as meaning "to establish by law". Violation – ~they don't~TVA- ~talk about how all black federal workers can strike which collapses industries or the government or people could refuse to do labor for the state or labor for civil society by divesting labor — tons of iterations of this ~ – you can still include performance and the criticism. Disads to the TVA prove neg ground and no right to a perfect 1acSwitch side debate – critiques of liberalism and performance can be read on the neg – solves dogmatism by testing different viewpointsVote Neg – The resolution is the only common stasis point that anchors negative preparation. Allowing any aff deviation from the resolution is a moral hazard which justifies an infinite number of unpredictable arguments with thin ties to the resolution. Because debate is a competitive game, their interpretation incentivizes affirmatives to run further towards fringes and revert to truisms which are exceedingly difficult to negate—this asymmetry is compounded by their monopoly on preparationOtherwise, they have passive opinions without meaningful advocacy – MeToo, BlackLives Matter, and other movements are grounded in particular policies that can help marginalized people – they abstract from those impacts which means movement failure is inevitable and its likely they support worse, dogmatic policies that harm marginalized people more, which internal link turns the aff.Debate doesn’t have any effect on the political and the individual arguments we read have no effect on our subjectivity, even if they spur immediate reflection, those insights aren’t integrated into deep-stored memory—this means you can vote negative on presumption. Encouraging focused, nuanced research and clash is the only chance to change attitudes long term—which means they can’t solve their impact turns but our model can.filter their impacts through predictable testability —-debate inherently judges relative truth value by whether or not it gets answered—-a combination of a less predictable case neg, the burden of rejoinder, and them starting a speech ahead will always inflate the value of their impacts, which makes non-arbitrarily weighing whether they should have read the 1ac in the first place impossible within the structure of a debate round so even if we lose framework, vote neg on presumption. They also create a moral hazard that leads to affs only about individual self-care so even if you think this aff is answerable, the ones they incentivize are not, so assume the worst possible affirmative when weighing our impacts.Ballot Paradox: Placing the decision-making potential within the ballot is violent, since no change spill out of round and makes the judge a violent arbiter of your subjectivity TFW has to be drop the debater – it indicts their method of engagement and proves we couldn’t engage fairly with their affNo RVIs – this includes impact turns and independent voting issues –1 – exclusions are inevitable – we only have 45 minutes to discuss things – doesn’t prove harmful intent2 – T is an aff burden – doesn’t justify them winning3 – forces unreasonable standard of epistemic perfection – bad arguments should be rejected, but that doesn’t implicate the team | 1/17/22 |
1 - defend the topic vs mollowTournament: Valley | Round: 1 | Opponent: Peninsula JG | Judge: Faizaan Dossani 1Interp: Affirmatives must defend that the member nations of the World Trade Organization ought to reduce intellectual property protections for medicines This does not require the use of any particular style, type of evidence, or assumption about the role of the judge — only that the topic should determine the debate’s subject matter.Violation:Resolved" means enactment of a law.Words and Phrases 64 Words and Phrases Permanent Edition (Multi-volume set of judicial definitions). "Resolved". 1964. AND ," which is defined by Bouvier as meaning "to establish by law". Used genericallyDictionary.com ~Online Dictionary and Thesaurus, "the"~ ~DS~ "The" is a genericOED ~Oxford English Dictionary, "the"~ ~DS~ Here is a list of the member nations of the WTO – aff is not thatWTO 7/29/16 ~World Trade Organization, "Updated Member List"~ ~DS~ AND Sudan Nation is a group of people possessing sovereign territory and governmentMerriam Webster ~Encyclopedia Britannica, "Nation"~ ~DS~
"of" relates a part to a wholeOED ~Oxford English Dictionary, "of"~ ~DS~ WTO is an international trade organizationWTO ~"What is the WTO?"~ ~DS~ AND producers of goods and services, exporters, and importers conduct their business. "Ought to" moral obligation==== Reduce diminish ==== IP protections cover patents, copyrights, trademarks, and trade secretsSpencePC 4/4/16 ~Legal Counsel, "Four Types of Intellectual Property for Business"~ ~DS~ AND The post Four Types of Intellectual Property for Businesses appeared first on SpencePC Medicine is for treatment of diseaseCED ~Cambridge English Dictionary, "Medicine"~ ~DS~ Offense:1. Limits OW —-bounded debate is the only way to guarantee preparation and defense against a well-prepared opponent—-that’s a prerequisite to using the form of debate effectively, no matter what for. Disruption alone isn’t justification for an aff ballot, they need an interpretation that guarantees pre-round relationality, genuine argumentative challenges and an agreed-upon end-point. Their model of debate allows the most powerful to disrupt the communicative forum – their interp is an insular victory at best and disastrous at worst for debate’s liberatory potential.Hansen, PhD, 18 AND be limited according to unconscious power structures, the rules of the strongest? 2. FairnessA. Non topical advocacies mean they can defend anything outside the resolution which is unpredictable, and also defend uncontestable offense like racism bad. This kills NEG ground and thus equal access to the ballot.B. Debate is a game: forced winner/loser, competitive norms, and the tournament invite prove. Alternative impacts like activism or education can be pursued in other forums. This makes fairness the most important impactC. Preparation- repacking the topic gives the aff a huge edge, they can prepare for 6 months on an issue that catches us by surprise. Preparation is better than thinking on your feet- research demonstrates pedagogical humility and research skills are the only portable debate trainingD. Library DA- there are a finite amount of ways to stop IP protections, but an infinite number of non topical affirmatives. not debating the topic allows someone to specialize in one area of the library for 4 years giving them a huge edge over people who switch research focus ever 2 months.E. Exclusionary rule- you can’t vote on the case outweighs T because lack of preparation prevents rigorous testing of the AC claims. If we win fairness we don’t have to "outweigh" other impactsF. TVA – ~Read this as an advantage under wholeres; lack of medicine access disproportionately effects those with disability who need medicine but dont receive it~. Solves their education offense. Our TVA is purposefully imperfect to ensure negative ground and force SSD.Outweighs their impacts - Links best to the role of the judge to determine the winner as per the ballot – that’s impossible if the round’s unfair. Even if their method is good for education there’s no reason you vote on it, just as even if exercise is good for soccer players you don’t vote for the team that ran most.Voter: Drop the debater on T – the round is already skewed from the beginning because their advocacy excluded by ability to generate NC offense– letting them sever doesn’t solve any of the abuseTheory is an issue of competing interpretations because reasonability invites arbitrary judge intervention based on preference rather than argumentation and encourages a race to the bottom in which debaters will exploit a judge’s tolerance for questionable argumentation. | 1/17/22 |
1 - defend the topic vs zoom vitalityTournament: Long Beach | Round: 1 | Opponent: Perry JA | Judge: Lukas Krause OffInterp: Affirmatives must defend ~~~This does not require the use of any particular style, type of evidence, or assumption about the role of the judge — only that the topic should determine the debate’s subject matter.Violation:"Resolved" means enactment of a law.Words and Phrases 64 Words and Phrases Permanent Edition (Multi-volume set of judicial definitions). "Resolved". 1964. AND ," which is defined by Bouvier as meaning "to establish by law". "The" refers to the whole group in this instanceMerriam Webster ~The Free Dictionary, "the" – definite article~ ~DS~ Nation is an official territorial division independent and sovereignMerriam Webster ~Encyclopedia Britannica, "Nation"~ ~DS~
"Ought to" moral obligation==== Reduce diminish ==== Medicine Includes anything that leads to physical, mental, or social well beingJohn Walford Todd 9/7/20 ~Encyclopedia Britannica, "Medicine"~ ~DS~ AND promotion and care of health—is concerned with this ideal. Offense:1. Limits OW —-bounded debate is the only way to guarantee preparation and defense against a well-prepared opponent—-that’s a prerequisite to using the form of debate effectively, no matter what for. Disruption alone isn’t justification for an aff ballot, they need an interpretation that guarantees pre-round relationality, genuine argumentative challenges and an agreed-upon end-point. Their model of debate allows the most powerful to disrupt the communicative forum – their interp is an insular victory at best and disastrous at worst for debate’s liberatory potential.Hansen, PhD, 18 AND be limited according to unconscious power structures, the rules of the strongest? 2. FairnessA. Non topical advocacies mean they can defend anything outside the resolution which is unpredictable, and also defend uncontestable offense like racism bad. This kills NEG ground and thus equal access to the ballot.B. Debate is a game: forced winner/loser, competitive norms, and the tournament invite prove. Alternative impacts like activism or education can be pursued in other forums. This makes fairness the most important impactC. Preparation- repacking the topic gives the aff a huge edge, they can prepare for 6 months on an issue that catches us by surprise. Preparation is better than thinking on your feet- research demonstrates pedagogical humility and research skills are the only portable debate trainingD. Library DA- there are a finite amount of ways to stop ~~, but an infinite number of non topical affirmatives. not debating the topic allows someone to specialize in one area of the library for 4 years giving them a huge edge over people who switch research focus ever 2 months.E. Exclusionary rule- you can’t vote on the case outweighs T because lack of preparation prevents rigorous testing of the AC claims. If we win fairness we don’t have to "outweigh" other impactsF. TVA – You could read a Covid aff that focuses on the data aspects of IPP bc medicines requires tons of RandD and innovation and you can discuss the gatekeeping of medicines had forced us into the pandemic and on zoom. This could just be an advantage under that aff.- Solves their education offense. Our TVA is purposefully imperfect to ensure negative ground and force SSD.Outweighs their impacts - Links best to the role of the judge to determine the winner as per the ballot – that’s impossible if the round’s unfair. Even if their method is good for education there’s no reason you vote on it, just as even if exercise is good for soccer players you don’t vote for the team that ran most.Voter: Drop the debater on T – the round is already skewed from the beginning because their advocacy excluded by ability to generate NC offense– letting them sever doesn’t solve any of the abuseT is an issue of competing interpretations because reasonability invites arbitrary judge intervention based on preference rather than argumentation and encourages a race to the bottom in which debaters will exploit a judge’s tolerance for questionable argumentation. | 1/17/22 |
1 - disclosureTournament: Glenbrooks | Round: 1 | Opponent: Basis Peoria PY | Judge: Jared Croitoru A. Interpretation: Debaters may only read positions that are disclosed before the debate on their NDCA wiki page under their own name with full citations, tags, and first three/last three words.B. Violation: screenshots in the doc my timestamps are weird b/c im on west coast
C. Standards:Quality engagement – disclosure allows in-depth preparation before the round which checks back against unpredictable positions and allows debaters to effectively write case negs and blocks – allows for reciprocal engagement where each side has an equal opportunity to prepare as opposed to scouting capacity to determine success, and incentivizes in-depth debates which is key to clash and good topic education.Reciprocity – the majority of national circuit buys into disclosure and put stuff on the wiki. They get access to cites and cards for cases and prep, which improves quality ground and means they can predict what other people are running, but we can’t predict them proven by they have a wiki but wont disclose. That outweighs – a) every reason disclosure is good is an advantage for them and not me, b) view their counter-interp with a grain of salt since it’s self-serving.Academic Ethics – disclosure deters mis-cutting, power-tagging, abuse of brackets and ellipses, and plagiarism since it allows debaters to check for those issues out of round. Academic honesty outweighs – it’s a real-world norm and debate loses all educational value if we can just make up cards.Deep Research – disclosure incentivizes specific, in-depth researchNails ’13 (Jacob, "A Defense of Disclosure (Including Third-Party Disclosure)", 10/10/2013) AND , backfiles and briefs would have done LD in a long time ago. Fairness- the ballot asks who did the better debating not the better cheating- the round is skewed which prevents evaluating substance their args in cx dont make cxEducation- it’s the purpose of debateCompeting-interpretations- reasonability is arbitrary, invites judge intervention, and collapses into competing-interpsNo RVIs- they chill legitimate theory and are illogical since you don’t win for being fair. You can make you-violates and I-meets and read theory, solves reciprocity supercharged b/c they have a wiki with contact info but wont disclose so they'll have it prepped out. | 1/17/22 |
1 - extra tTournament: CPS | Round: 6 | Opponent: Mitty AA | Judge: Alex Baez Extra-T is a voting issue for fairness and education it makes being negative impossible A) Infinitely regressive – they can attach literally anything onto the resolution – that lets them fiat out of Kritik links and any disad by attaching as many words onto the plan as they want | 1/17/22 |
1 - implement vs bellerTournament: St Marks | Round: Quarters | Opponent: Homestead SL | Judge: Ari Davidson, Colton Gilbert, Jonathan Hsu This does not require the use of any particular style, type of evidence, or assumption about the role of the judge — only that the topic should determine the debate’s subject matter.Resolved" means enactment of a law.Words and Phrases 64 Words and Phrases Permanent Edition (Multi-volume set of judicial definitions). "Resolved". 1964. AND ," which is defined by Bouvier as meaning "to establish by law". WTO is an international trade organizationWTO ~"What is the WTO?"~ ~DS~ AND producers of goods and services, exporters, and importers conduct their business. Violation – ~they defend hapticality w/o the consequences of the aff~No I meets – at best they’re still extra T which kills ground and engagement because they can use it to solve back our linksTVA- ~Read the vaccine apartheid aff it makes the exast argument that you claim proven by their taglines~ – it necessarily solves all of the affs offense. Disads to the TVA prove neg ground and no right to a perfect 1acSwitch side debate – critiques of liberalism and permformance can be read on the neg – solves dogmatism by testing different viewpointsVote Neg – their interpretation eviscerates negative ground because they’ll say no implementation makes the results of the aff irrelevant – kills negative engagement and testing which internal link turns any terminal impact to debate. — proven by 1ac cx shiftinessOtherwise, they have passive opinions without meaningful advocacy – MeToo, BlackLives Matter, and other movements are grounded in particular policies that can help marginalized people – they abstract from those impacts which means movement failure is inevitable and its likely they support worse, dogmatic policies that harm marginalized people more, which internal link turns the aff. | 1/17/22 |
1 - utilTournament: CPS | Round: 3 | Opponent: Hamilont Ind Al | Judge: April ma The standard is maximizing expected well being1~ Extinction o/ws –~a~ trillions of people in future generations means the future holds a lot of value which extinction destroys – outweighs their offense under any framework, regardless of whether they are deontic or aretaic~b~ Gateway issue - we need to be alive to assign value and debate competing moral theories- extinction literally ends the debate on "ought".2~ Reducing existential risks is the top priority in any coherent moral theoryPlummer, PhD, 15 AND be acting very wrongly." (From chapter 36 of On What Matters) 3~ Non util ethics are impossibleGreene 10 – Joshua, Associate Professor of Social science in the Department of Psychology at Harvard University (The Secret Joke of Kant’s Soul published in Moral Psychology: Historical and Contemporary Readings, accessed: www.fed.cuhk.edu.hk/~lchang/material/Evolutionary/Developmental/Greene-KantSoul.pdf) AND religion, they don't really explain what's distinctive about the philosophy in question. | 1/17/22 |
1 - util v2Tournament: Harvard Westlake | Round: 6 | Opponent: Harvard Westlake MT | Judge: Vanessa Nguyen Reducing existential risks is the top priority in any coherent moral theoryPlummer, PhD, 15 AND be acting very wrongly." (From chapter 36 of On What Matters) No space industrial complex – they have no evidence that our authors are biased and you should reject generalizing statements – just as likely that their authors are paid off by anti-space privatization hacksRejecting strategic predictions of threats makes them inevitable—decisionmakers will rely on preconceived conceptions of threat rather than the more qualified predictions of analystsMichael Fitzsimmons 7, Washington DC defense analyst, "The Problem of Uncertainty in Strategic Planning", Survival, Winter 06-07, online) AND , such decisions may be poorly understood by the decision-makers themselves. Off their slow violence framing cards – our DAs turn it – war, environmental destruction, etc. all disproportionately harm the most marginalized – don’t conflate small magnitude with high probability – they still need to win that they solve their impacts before they can say case outweighs | 1/17/22 |
jf - innovation daTournament: CPS | Round: 3 | Opponent: Hamilont Ind Al | Judge: April ma Strong commercial space catalyzes tech innovation – progress at the margins and spinoff tech change global information networksJoshua Hampson 2017, Security Studies Fellow at the Niskanen Center, 1-25-2017, "The Future of Space Commercialization", Niskanen Center, https://republicans-science.house.gov/sites/republicans.science.house.gov/files/documents/TheFutureofSpaceCommercializationFinal.pdf AND to global networks, and new opportunities could lead to wider economic growth. Short innovation cycles mean every contract countsJohn J. Klein 19, Senior Fellow and Strategist at Falcon Research Inc. and adjunct professor at the George Washington University Space Policy Institute, 1-15-2019, "Rethinking Requirements and Risk in the New Space Age," Center for a New American Security, https://www.cnas.org/publications/reports/rethinking-requirements-and-risk-in-the-new-space-age AND verify that satellites can perform missions with a very low probability of failure. It’s on the government to push for more private investments – that’s key to innovationNathan Strout 19, Reporter covering space and intelligence systems for C4ISRNET 6-6-2019, "What are the benefits of commercial space?," C4ISRNET, https://www.c4isrnet.com/show-reporter/c4isrnet-conference/2019/06/06/what-are-the-benefits-of-commercial-space/ AND explained Col. Steve Butow, the Defense Innovation Unit’s space portfolio director. Tech innovation solves every existential threat – cumulative extinction events outweigh the affDylan Matthews 18. Co-founder of Vox, citing Nick Beckstead @ Rutgers University. 10-26-2018. "How to help people millions of years from now." Vox. https://www.vox.com/future-perfect/2018/10/26/18023366/far-future-effective-altruism-existential-risk-doing-good AND far future, then effective altruism just becomes plain ol’ do-goodery.* | 1/17/22 |
jf - mining good daTournament: Harvard Westlake | Round: 2 | Opponent: Dwight Englewood EK | Judge: Leah Clark Villanueva OFFCommercial asteroid mining is coming now – lower costs and improving tech make it economically viable – and the legal basis is already in place in multiple countries– that helps acquire water for rocket fuel and rare earth metalsGilbert, PhD student in space resources at the Colorado School of Mines, writes in 21 alex gilbert, is a complex systems researcher and a PhD student in space resources at the Colorado School of Mines. "Mining in Space Is Coming." Milken Institute Review, April 26, 2021, www.milkenreview.org/articles/mining-in-space-is-coming. ~Quality Control~ AND making the transition from fossil fuels to renewables backed up by battery storage. Asteroid mining offsets terrestrial growth that ruins the environment and enables solar power satellites – both solve climate changeTaylor 19 Chris Taylor is a veteran journalist. Previously senior news writer for Time.com a year later. In 2000, he was named San Francisco bureau chief for Time magazine. He has served as senior editor for Business 2.0, West Coast editor for Fortune Small Business and West Coast web editor for Fast Company. Chris is a graduate of Merton College, Oxford and the Columbia University Graduate School of Journalism. "How asteroid mining will save the Earth — and mint trillionaires." Mashable, 2019, mashable.com/feature/asteroid-mining-space-economy. ~Quality Control~ AND how relatively easy it is to ship stuff in zero-G environments. Asteroid mining solves rare earth metal depletion – prevents tech stagnation and unsustainable resource extraction — it would last millions of years which takes out the resource depletion scenarioMitchell 20 Robin Mitchell is an electronic engineer who has been involved in electronics since the age of 13. After completing a BEng at the University of Warwick, Robin moved into the field of online content creation developing articles. "How might asteroid mining be key to electronics future?" 28-09-2020, www.electropages.com/blog/2020/09/how-might-asteroid-mining-be-key-electronics-future. ~Quality Control~ AND that orbit the sun, planets, and rings around Saturn / Jupiter. Asteroid mining tech solves asteroid collisions - extinctionTaylor 19 Chris Taylor is a veteran journalist. Previously senior news writer for Time.com a year later. In 2000, he was named San Francisco bureau chief for Time magazine. He has served as senior editor for Business 2.0, West Coast editor for Fortune Small Business and West Coast web editor for Fast Company. Chris is a graduate of Merton College, Oxford and the Columbia University Graduate School of Journalism. "How asteroid mining will save the Earth — and mint trillionaires." Mashable, 2019, mashable.com/feature/asteroid-mining-space-economy. ~Quality Control~ AND into 150 small solar-power satellites, as a proof of concept. | 1/17/22 |
jf - nasa daTournament: CPS | Round: 1 | Opponent: Marlborough LF | Judge: Asher Towner NASA is preserving resources by leveraging private partnershipsMiriam Kramer 21, author of Space, "NASA's plans for the future hinge on the success of private companies," Axios, 12-7-2021, https://www.axios.com/nasa-private-spaceflight-plans-5a5710e6-5223-4da3-8c5d-5a712e1d862e.html AND of commercial space companies to start designing and building privately operated space stations. Plan forces trade-offs that crush effective Earth sciences —- risks catastrophic climate changeHaymet 7 (Tony, Director of the Scripps Institution of Oceanography – University of California, San Diego, Mark Abbott, Dean of the College of Oceanic and Atmospheric Science – Oregon State University, and Jim Luyten, Acting Director – Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, "The Planet NASA Needs to Explore", Washington Post, 5-10, http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2007/05/09/AR2007050902451.html) AND afford to be so starry-eyed that we overlook our own planet. Warming is inevitable but adjusting government policy can address the worst effects – specifically, for sea level rise.Economist 17, "How government policy exacerbates hurricanes like Harvey," Economist, https://www.economist.com/news/leaders/21727898-if-global-warming-were-not-enough-threat-poor-planning-and-unwise-subsidies-make-floods AND later, they will wake up to a Hurricane Harvey of their own. The impact’s global warEric Holthaus 15, editor at rollingstone magazine citing James Hansen, former NASA climatologist, "The Point of No Return: Climate Change Nightmares Are Here," Rolling Stone, accessed 10-23-2016, http://www.rollingstone.com/politics/news/the-point-of-no-return-climate-change-nightmares-are-already-here-20150805 AND economic collapse might make the planet ungovernable, threatening the fabric of civilization." | 1/17/22 |
jf - t appropriationTournament: Harvard Westlake | Round: 2 | Opponent: Dwight Englewood EK | Judge: Leah Clark Villanueva OFFInterp - "Appropriation of outer space" is exclusive and permanentTIMOTHY JUSTIN TRAPP, JD Candidate @ UIUC Law, ’13 quoting Smith 92, TAKING UP SPACE BY ANY OTHER MEANS: COMING TO TERMS WITH THE NONAPPROPRIATION ARTICLE OF THE OUTER SPACE TREATY UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS LAW REVIEW ~Vol. 2013 No. 4~ AND the Bogotá Declaration were trying to accomplish, albeit through different means.219 Violation: the non-Appropriation principle does not apply to resource extraction. International consensus and rejection of the Moon Treaty support the distinction between sovereign ownership and resource extractionWrench 19 ~John, JD Candidate at Case Western, BA from Pace University~ "Non-Appropriation, No Problem: The Outer Space Treaty Is Ready for Asteroid Mining," Case Western Reserve Journal of International Law, Vol. 51 Issue 1, https://scholarlycommons.law.case.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=2546andcontext=jil, 2019 RE AND of property rights in resources extracted from that land, is nothing new. Prefer:1~ Precision—analogous treaties proveWrench 19 ~John, JD Candidate at Case Western, BA from Pace University~ "Non-Appropriation, No Problem: The Outer Space Treaty Is Ready for Asteroid Mining," Case Western Reserve Journal of International Law, Vol. 51 Issue 1, https://scholarlycommons.law.case.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=2546andcontext=jil, 2019 RE AND in extracted resources despite being restricted from claiming sovereignty over the underlying land. Consensus of the literature votes neg—means our interp is most predictableTronchetti 10 ~Fabio, Co-Director of the Institute of Space Law and Strategy and as a Zhuoyue Associate Professor at Beihang University, PhD in International Space Law from Leiden University~ "The Moon Agreement in the 21st Century: Addressing its Potential Role in the Era of Commercial Exploitation of the Natural Resources of the Moon and Other Celestial Bodies," Journal of Space Law, Vol. 36 No. 2, Winter 2010, https://airandspace.confit.dev/pdfs/jsl-36-2.pdf RE AND .30 This paper shares the opinion of the second group of authors. That o/w any deviation justifies the aff arbitrarily jettisoning words in the resolution at their whim which decks negative ground and preparation because the aff is no longer bounded by the resolution.2~ limits and ground: expanding the topic beyond appropriation allows for affs about any miniscule use of space resources which decimates links to generics which are based on property rights in space and results in a litany of small affirmatives that cause a race to the marginsTopicality is a voting issue that should be evaluated through competing interpretations – it tells the negative what they do and do not have to prepare forNo RVIs—it’s your burden to be topical. | 1/17/22 |
jp - regulations cpTournament: Harvard Westlake | Round: 2 | Opponent: Dwight Englewood EK | Judge: Leah Clark Villanueva OFFCP: States should create and adopt a new set of flexible regulations concerning responsible space colonization through the UN Office of Outer Space Affairs. The appropriation of outer space through asteroid mining by private entities should be regulated by the UN Office of Outer Space Affairs.Current government issues to resolve colony governance are insufficient – as is the OST – but new flexible regulations solveKovic 21 Kovic, Marko. PhD Communication and Media Studies, University of Zurich. "Risks of space colonization." Futures 126 (2021): 102638. ~Quality Control~ AND of years, but the practical timescale for achieving results should be decades. 1AC Foster agrees that regulation through an international agreement is all that’s necessary to solve their space war advantage – it says nothing about banning being key. — im in greenFoster 16 – Craig, J.D., University of Illinois College of Law, "EXCUSE ME, YOU’RE MINING MY ASTEROID: SPACE PROPERTY RIGHTS AND THE U.S. SPACE RESOURCE EXPLORATION AND UTILIZATION ACT OF 2015", JOURNAL OF LAW, TECHNOLOGY and POLICY, No. 2, page 428-430, http://illinoisjltp.com/journal/wp-content/uploads/2016/11/Foster.pdf AND discussion stages and is likely to take a while to come to fruition. 1AC Mallick evidence also says the problem is lack of global consensus and clarity, not the existence of asteroid mining which they cant solve because they just ban mining they dont fiat in an intnl organization or body. — im in greenMallick and Rajagopalan 19 - Law Researcher at the High Court of Delhi from 2016 to 2018 and is currently pursuing LL.M in International Law at The Fletcher School of Law and Diplomacy, USA, Distinguished Fellow and Head of the Nuclear and Space Policy Initiative at Observer Research Foundation. She is also the Technical Adviser to the UN Group of Governmental Experts (GGE) on Prevention of Arms Race in Outer Space (PAROS). (Rajeswari Pillai Rajagopalan, Senjuti Mallick, "If Space is ‘the Province of Mankind’, Who Owns its Resources? The Potential of Space Mining and its Legal Implications", ORF Occasional Paper No. 182, January 2019, Observer Research Foundation., https://www.orfonline.org/research/if-space-is-the-province-of-mankind-who-owns-its-resources-47561/) NAR AND instead of earning admiration and exultation, will only be enmeshed in litigation. | 1/17/22 |
nd - debt ceiling daTournament: Glenbrooks | Round: 3 | Opponent: Harvard Westlake CR | Judge: Lena Mizrahi | 1/17/22 |
nd - interest rates daTournament: Glenbrooks | Round: 3 | Opponent: Harvard Westlake CR | Judge: Lena Mizrahi | 1/17/22 |
nd - nlrb cpTournament: Glenbrooks | Round: 7 | Opponent: Strake Jesuit MS | Judge: Gordon Krauss The National Labor Relations Bureau should, after soliciting notice and comment, find that ~US noncompliance~ is a violation of the right to strike.Solves and competes - Notice and comment rulemaking solves the case and spills over to set a precedent that the courts will uphold they haven't read a spillover claim so this solves betterZeisler 14 ~Royce Zeisler, J.D. Candidate 2014, Columbia Law School; B.S., B.A. 2012, University of British Columbia, "CHEVRON DEFERENCE AND THE FTC: HOW AND WHY THE FTC SHOULD USE CHEVRON TO IMPROVE ANTITRUST ENFORCEMENT", Columbia Business Law Review, 2014, HeinOnline~ AND presumption for generalist courts to deploy in deciding the existence of bargaining units. Key to democracy and court acquiescence—-notice and comment engages participants and creates deference.Harry First and Spencer Weber Waller 13. Harry First, New York University School of Law. Spencer Weber Waller, Loyola University Chicago School of Law. "Antitrust’s Democracy Deficit". Fordham Law Review, Volume 81 Issue 5 Article 13. https://ir.lawnet.fordham.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=4890andcontext=flr AND antitrust, the market economy, and the democratic branches of government themselves. US democratic retreat causes terrorism, great power war, famine, and poverty.Garry Kasparov 17. Chairman of the Human Rights Foundation, founded the Renew Democracy Initiative. "Democracy and Human Rights: The Case for U.S. Leadership". Feb 16 2017. U.S. Senate. http://www.foreign.senate.gov/imo/media/doc/021617'Kasparov'20Testimony.pdf AND for having the exceptional courage to always try to be better. Thank you They haven't identified a test case per which the aff would be passed the courts cabn't just pick up anything and choose to do it — there has to be an incoming piece of legislation in the docket that they would rule on where the govt has violated customary international law where they've restricted a strike | 1/17/22 |
nd - oil spills daTournament: Glenbrooks | Round: 6 | Opponent: Marlborough JH | Judge: Patrick Fox Low wages and labor law exemptions are key for pandemic and national disaster response, the AFF makes this impossible – even the NAACP isn’t supporting strike tactics and advocates for "gentle advice"Kutz 21 (Jessica Kutz – Assistant Editor for High Country News who is interviewing Carlee Purdum who researches incarcerated labor conditions and trends, "The essential — and dangerous — work prisoners do: Incarcerated people respond to pandemics, wildfires, avian flu outbreaks, mudslides and more", https://www.hcn.org/articles/south-labor-the-essential-and-dangerous-work-prisoners-do, 23 April 2021, EmmieeM) AND visible and to hold those agencies accountable for how they are treating people. Lack of quick oil spill response (OSR) is an existential threat – innovative clean-up tech has slowed and barriers prevent alternate prevention measures or different actors solving, citing meta analysis of studies and spills from 67’ to nowLittle et al 21 (David I. Little (Environmental Consultancy @ Cambridgeshire), Stephen R.J. Sheppard (Collaboration for Advanced Landscape Planning and Department of Forest Resource Management @ Faculty of Foresty @ University of British Columbia), David Hulme (Global Development Institute @ University of Manchester), "A perspective on oil spills: What we should have learned about global warming", https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0964569120304166, Ocean and Coastal Management, Volume 202, 1 March 2021, EmmieeM) AND avoid the conclusion that industry, governments and people must now rapidly decarbonise. | 1/17/22 |
nd - politics debt ceiling da v2Tournament: Glenbrooks | Round: 6 | Opponent: Marlborough JH | Judge: Patrick Fox Debt ceiling passes now and solves collapse, but floor time is limited and avoiding new fights is keyZhou 10/7 ~Li, politics and policy reporter for Vox, "The debt ceiling fight is far from over" https://www.vox.com/22711441/debt-ceiling-congress-december~~ AND have to do so while fighting over how to avoid a government shutdown. Plan is the worst of both worlds – progressives think it’s not enough and moderates think its too radicalBroadwater and Edmondson 20 ~Luke; Catie; political reporters; "Police Groups Wield Strong Influence in Congress, Resisting the Strictest Reforms"; The New York Times; https://www.nytimes.com/2020/06/25/us/politics/police-reforms-congress.html~~ AND at least for now, that their legislation is not even worth debating. Nuke warJomo Kwame Sundaram and Vladimir Popov 19. Former economics professor, was United Nations Assistant Secretary-General for Economic Development, and received the Wassily Leontief Prize for Advancing the Frontiers of Economic Thought in 2007. Former senior economics researcher in the Soviet Union, Russia and the United Nations Secretariat, is now Research Director at the Dialogue of Civilizations Research Institute in Berlin "Economic Crisis Can Trigger World War." http://www.ipsnews.net/2019/02/economic-crisis-can-trigger-world-war/. AND undertaking pre-emptive collective action, as difficult as that may be. | 1/17/22 |
nd - politics debt ceiling da v3Tournament: Glenbrooks | Round: 7 | Opponent: Strake Jesuit MS | Judge: Gordon Krauss Passes now, but floor time is keySheffey 11/18 ~Ayelet, staff reporter for Business Insider with a focus on Capitol Hill. "Mitch McConnell shrugs off Trump’s taunts and attempts to defuse the debt ceiling crisis" https://www.businessinsider.nl/mitch-mcconnell-shrugs-off-trumps-taunts-and-attempts-to-defuse-the-debt-ceiling-crisis/~~ AND stressed the need for the matter to be addressed in a bipartisan way. Manchin and Sinema would fight the plan – that’s a massive floor time suckHarold 21 ~Zack, staf reporter for The Guardian, "US minimum wage activists face their toughest foe: Democrat Joe Manchin" https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2021/feb/22/us-15-dollar-minimum-wage-joe-manchin-west-virginia~~ AND want the minimum wage increase to be part of the Covid relief package. Debt default is the easiest way to wreck the US economy—ruins the US dollar and financial reputationEgan 9/8 ~Matt Egan is an award-winning reporter at CNN, covering business, the economy and financial markets across CNN's television and digital platforms, "'Financial Armageddon.' What's at stake if the debt limit isn't raised", 9/8/21, https://www.cnn.com/2021/09/08/business/debt-ceiling-default-explained/index.html~~ AND billion in fiscal 2020, would quickly rival what Washington spends on defense. Nuke warJomo Kwame Sundaram and Vladimir Popov 19. Former economics professor, was United Nations Assistant Secretary-General for Economic Development, and received the Wassily Leontief Prize for Advancing the Frontiers of Economic Thought in 2007. Former senior economics researcher in the Soviet Union, Russia and the United Nations Secretariat, is now Research Director at the Dialogue of Civilizations Research Institute in Berlin "Economic Crisis Can Trigger World War." http://www.ipsnews.net/2019/02/economic-crisis-can-trigger-world-war/. AND undertaking pre-emptive collective action, as difficult as that may be. | 1/17/22 |
nd - t aTournament: Glenbrooks | Round: 6 | Opponent: Marlborough JH | Judge: Patrick Fox Interpretation—the aff may not specify a just governmentRules readings are always generalized – specific instances are not consistent. Cohen 01Ariel Cohen (Ben-Gurion University of the Negev), "On the Generic Use of Indefinite Singulars," Journal of Semantics 18:3, 2001 https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/188590876.pdf** AND , it suddenly changes¶ direction, for example to avoid hitting something. That outweighs—only our evidence speaks to how indefinite singulars are interpreted in the context of normative statements like the resolution. This means throw out aff counter-interpretations that are purely descriptiveViolation—they specified the United StatesVote neg:1~ Precision –any deviation justifies the aff arbitrarily jettisoning words in the resolution at their whim which decks negative ground and preparation because the aff is no longer bounded by the resolution.2~ Limits—specifying a just government offers huge explosion in the topic since they get permutations of hundreds of governments in the world depending on their definition of "just government".TVA Solves — read it as an advantage Topicality is a voting issue that should be evaluated through competing interpretations – it tells the negative what they do and do not have to prepare forNo RVIs—it’s your burden to be topical. | 1/17/22 |
so - cap kTournament: Pres | Round: 2 | Opponent: Sequoia AS | Judge: Amy Nyberg Regulating intellectual property participates in a scarcity logic that re-affirms a broader market ownership over information – that consolidates neoliberal control through a shift to private protections, even if the individual act of the aff is goodSoderberg 1 ~Johan, BA from Falmouth College of the Arts. "Copyleft vs Copyright: A Marxist Critique" https://firstmonday.org/article/view/938/860~~** AND 32~. It is predominantly this struggle that I now will attend to. IP tinkering represents a myopic focus on making capitalism nicer, but only legitimates the broader process of informatic commodification as integral to class violenceSoderberg 1 ~Johan, BA from Falmouth College of the Arts. "Copyleft vs Copyright: A Marxist Critique" https://firstmonday.org/article/view/938/860~~** AND But because of the intangible nature of information, contradictions emerges out of attempts Capitalism is quickly reaching its ecological, structural, and psychological limits and causes near-term extinction – laundry list.Robinson 16 (William, Professor of sociology, global studies and Latin American studies at the University of California at Santa Barbara. His most recent book is Global Capitalism and the Crisis of Humanity. | "Sadistic Capitalism: Six Urgent Matters for Humanity in Global Crisis" in Truth-out, April 12, 2016. http://www.truth-out.org/opinion/item/35596-sadistic-capitalism-six-urgent-matters-for-humanity-in-global-crisis )tbrooks AND financial system, despite a series of emergency summits to discuss such regulation. The alternative is to engage in anticapitalism, an act of radical resistance grounded in grassroots movements. Anticapitalism does not represent an unattainable utopia but challenges common myths about capitalism as a whole.Rogers 14 (Chris Rogers, author, Capitalism and Its Alternatives: A Critical Introduction, Zed Books, 2014. ProQuest Ebook Central, https://ebookcentral-proquest-com.proxy.lib.umich.edu/lib/umichigan/detail.action?docID=1758713.) AM AND , and in turn motivated action in order to try to address them. | 1/17/22 |
so - climate patents daTournament: St Marks | Round: 1 | Opponent: Marlborough JK | Judge: David Dosch AND the biotech sector addressing climate change may be next on the chopping block. Only a strong private sector can solve climate changeGulker 19 ~Max Gulker, 2-11-2019, "How a Strong Private Sector Will Address Climate Change," AIER, https://www.aier.org/article/how-a-strong-private-sector-will-address-climate-change/~~ AND –truly unleashing global knowledge and ingenuity to address changes around the world. Climate change is existential and emerging technology is keyEspinosa 20 ~Patricia Espinosa 04-xx-2020Frontier technologies to protect the environment and tackle climate change https://www.itu.int/en/action/environment-and-climate-change/Documents/frontier-technologies-to-protect-the-environment-and-tackle-climate-change.pdf~~ AND countries on the path to low-carbon and climate-resilient development. | 1/17/22 |
so - climate patents da v2Tournament: St Marks | Round: Octas | Opponent: Harvard Westlake IC | Judge: Gerard Grigsby, Annabelle Long, Colton Gilbert AND the biotech sector addressing climate change may be next on the chopping block. Only a strong private sector can solve climate changeGulker 19 ~Max Gulker, 2-11-2019, "How a Strong Private Sector Will Address Climate Change," AIER, https://www.aier.org/article/how-a-strong-private-sector-will-address-climate-change/~~ AND –truly unleashing global knowledge and ingenuity to address changes around the world. Climate change is existential and emerging technology is keyEspinosa 20 ~Patricia Espinosa 04-xx-2020Frontier technologies to protect the environment and tackle climate change https://www.itu.int/en/action/environment-and-climate-change/Documents/frontier-technologies-to-protect-the-environment-and-tackle-climate-change.pdf~~ AND countries on the path to low-carbon and climate-resilient development. Warming causes extinctionKlein 14~(Naomi Klein, award-winning journalist, syndicated columnist, former Miliband Fellow at the London School of Economics, member of the board of directors of 350.org), This Changes Everything: Capitalism vs. the Climate, pp. 12-14~ AND that global warming poses a clear and present danger to civilization." | 1/17/22 |
so - debt ceiling daTournament: Valley | Round: 3 | Opponent: Strath Haven AM | Judge: Cyrus Jackson Debt limit and government funding will pass now—everything else is delayedBRESNAHAN 9/15 ~JOHN BRESNAHAN, ANNA PALMER AND JAKE SHERMAN, Punchbowl News Legislataive Outlook 9/15, https://email.punchbowl.news/t/ViewEmailArchive/t/E48C6AF0C3714E452540EF23F30FEDED/C67FD2F38AC4859C/~~ AND , but it’s the reality we hear privately in the Capitol. Medical IP takes time, energy, and political capital away from domestic legislation – big pharma and EU alliesBhadrakumar 5/9 M K Bhadrakumar is a former Indian diplomat. "Biden’s talk of vaccine IP waiver is political theater." Asia Times, May 9, 2021, asiatimes.com/2021/05/bidens-talk-of-vaccine-ip-waiver-is-political-theater. AND , the European Union and the US, who all opposed the idea. Agenda change has a cascading effectJoly 19, ~Jeroen Joly is a Doctor Assistant at Universiteit Gent, Punctuated equilibrium theory and foreign policy, The research for this chapter was financially supported by the French Ministry of the Armed Forces, Directorate General for International Relations and Strategy (DGRIS), https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Jeroen'Joly/publication/331073786'Punctuated'equilibrium'theory'and'foreign'policy/links/5c66ec3092851c1c9de446f2/Punctuated-equilibrium-theory-and-foreign-policy.pdf~~ AND foreign policy issues (Edwards and Wood 1999; Wood and Peake 1998). Debt default is the easiest way to wreck the US economy—ruins the US dollar and financial reputationEgan 9/8 ~Matt Egan is an award-winning reporter at CNN, covering business, the economy and financial markets across CNN's television and digital platforms, "'Financial Armageddon.' What's at stake if the debt limit isn't raised", 9/8/21, https://www.cnn.com/2021/09/08/business/debt-ceiling-default-explained/index.html~~ AND billion in fiscal 2020, would quickly rival what Washington spends on defense. ExtinctionJoshua Zoffer 20, Investor at Cove Hill Partners, Fellow at New America, JD Candidate at Yale University Law School, AB from Harvard University, "To End Forever War, Keep the Dollar Globally Dominant", The New Republic, 2/3/2020, https://newrepublic.com/article/156417/end-forever-war-keep-dollar-globally-dominant AND consortium of countries is prepared to fund, such as climate change mitigation. | 1/17/22 |
so - donations cpTournament: Valley | Round: 3 | Opponent: Strath Haven AM | Judge: Cyrus Jackson CP: France, Germany, Sweden, and Italy should:substantially increase COVID vaccine production to meet the global demand Eliminating IPR for vaccines gives China a massive competitive edge on innovation broadly – tanks pharma, undermines pandemic response, and tech leadership – BUT domestic production and distribution solvesOkutsu and Sharma 21 ~Akane, staff writer for Nikkei International, and Kiran, LPC, The College of Law, Guildford, 1997 BA (Hons), Law, Gonville and Caius College, Cambridge University, 1996. "Vaccine Patent Waiver: COVID Stopper or Innovation Killer?" https://asia.nikkei.com/Spotlight/Coronavirus/COVID-vaccines/Vaccine-patent-waiver-COVID-stopper-or-innovation-killer~~ AND Health Organization's~ COVAX initiative to purchase and distribute vaccines to developing countries." Biopharma innovation is key to overall competitiveness – US still has a razor thin lead but IP is uniquely keyEzell 20 ~Stephen Ezell, Director of Global Innovation Policy at the Information Technology and Innovation Foundation (ITIF). "Ensuring U.S. Biopharmaceutical Competitiveness." 7/16/20. https://itif.org/publications/2020/07/16/ensuring-us-biopharmaceutical-competitiveness~~ AND time for Washington to articulate and embrace a robust national biopharmaceutical competitiveness strategy. Chinese tech leadership causes nuke warKroenig and Gopalaswamy 18, *Associate Professor of Government and Foreign Service at Georgetown University and Deputy Director for Strategy in the Scowcroft Center for Strategy and Security at the Atlantic Council. Director of the South Asia Center at the Atlantic Council. He holds a PhD in mechanical engineering with a specialization in numerical acoustics from Trinity College, Dublin. (Matthew and Bharath, 11-12-2018, "Will disruptive technology cause nuclear war?", Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists, https://thebulletin.org/2018/11/will-disruptive-technology-cause-nuclear-war/) AND second-strike capabilities, but to preserve prevailing power balances more broadly. | 1/17/22 |
so - hemp daTournament: St Marks | Round: Doubles | Opponent: Southlake Caroll EP | Judge: Danielle Dosch, David Dosch, Anabelle Long Ambiguous standards deter international hemp investment now – regulatory harmonization unlocks hemp development globallyLatner 21 ~Kevin, NIHC Vice President for Trade and Marketing. "EXPORT MARKET DEVELOPMENT: U.S. INDUSTRIAL HEMP’S UNITED FRONT" https://hempindustrial.com/export-market-development-u-s-industrial-hemps-united-front/~~ AND regulatory changes increasingly limit U.S. export opportunities to hemp fiber. Hemp biofuels help achieve energy independence which lowers global oil pricesKeller 13 ~Nicole Keller, "NOTE: THE LEGALIZATION OF INDUSTRIAL HEMP AND WHAT IT COULD MEAN FOR INDIANA'S BIOFUEL INDUSTRY," Indiana International and Comparative Law Review 23 Ind. Int'l and Comp. L. Rev. 555, Lexis~ AND 64 largely because industrial hemp is illegal to grow in the United States. Price collapse causes Russian nuclear warFelgenhauer 16 AND to be dominated by the Chechens to seriously contemplate outright secession from Russia. | 1/17/22 |
so - innovation daTournament: Long Beach | Round: 3 | Opponent: Peninsula EL | Judge: Jan Wimmer InnovationPharmaceutical innovation is accelerating now – new medicines are substantially better than existing treatments.Wills, MBA, and Lipkus, PhD, 20 – Todd J. Wills ~Managing Director @ Chemical Abstracts Service, MBA from THE Ohio State University~ and Alan H. Lipkus ~Senior Data Analyst @ Chemical Abstracts Service, PhD Physical Chemistry from the University of Rochester~, "Structural Approach to Assessing the Innovativeness of New Drugs Finds Accelerating Rate of Innovation," ACS Medicinal Chemistry Letters, Vol. 11, 2020, https://pubs.acs.org/doi/pdf/10.1021/acsmedchemlett.0c00319 C.VC AND never been used as the basis for a molecule) to further explore. The biopharmaceutical industry is uniquely reliant on IP protections – undermining them would kill innovation by making an already expensive process completely unfeasible.Kristina M. Lybecker, PhD, 17 ~PhD Economics, Associate Professor of Economics @ Colorado College~, "Intellectual Property Rights Protection and the Biopharmaceutical Industry: How Canada Measures Up," Fraser Institute, January 2017, https://www.fraserinstitute.org/sites/default/files/intellectual-property-rights-protection-and-the20biopharmaceutical-industry.pdf C.VC AND shaping the biopharmaceutical industry, its profitability, productivity, and innovative future. Pharmaceutical innovation is key to protecting against future pandemics, bioterrorism, and antibiotic resistance.Marjanovic and Fejiao ‘20 Marjanovic, Sonja, and Carolina Feijao. Sonja Marjanovic, Ph.D., Judge Business School, University of Cambridge. Carolina Feijao, Ph.D. in biochemistry, University of Cambridge; M.Sc. in quantitive biology, Imperial College London; B.Sc. in biology, University of Lisbon. "Pharmaceutical Innovation for Infectious Disease Management: From Troubleshooting to Sustainable Models of Engagement." (2020). ~Quality Control~ AND health threats to an even greater extent under improved innova-tion conditions. Bioterrorism and future pandemics cause extinction.Hamish De Bretton-Gordon, CBRN Expert @ British Army, 20 ~Director @ DBG Defense, Consultant on CBRN and Biosecurity~, "Biosecurity in the Wake of COVID-19: The Urgent Action Needed," Combatting Terrorism Center Sentinel, November/December 2020, Volume 13, Issue 11, https://ctc.usma.edu/biosecurity-in-the-wake-of-covid-19-the-urgent-action-needed/ C.VC AND forward, there should no higher priority for the international community than biosecurity. | 1/17/22 |
so - it counterfeitsTournament: Valley | Round: 5 | Opponent: MSJ SB | Judge: Spencer Orlowski CaseLink alone turns the case – the plan makes counterfeiting far more likely, hitting developing countries the hardest.McDole, JD, and Ezell, BS, 21 – Jaci McDole ~JD with a specialization in IP from SIU Carbondale, Senior Policy Analyst @ Information Technology and Innovation Foundation~ and Stephen Ezell ~VP of Global Innovation Policy @ Information Technology and Innovation Foundation, BS from Georgetown School of Foreign Service~, "Ten Ways IP Has Enabled Innovations That Have Helped Sustain the World Through the Pandemic," No Publication, 4-29-2021 https://itif.org/publications/2021/04/29/ten-ways-ip-has-enabled-innovations-have-helped-sustain-world-through C.VC AND control and helps manufacturers maintain a level of public confidence in their products. Outweighs the aff – counterfeit medicines cause tens of thousands of preventable deaths.Reuters 17, "Tens of thousands dying from $30 billion fake drugs trade, WHO says," 11-28-2017, https://www.reuters.com/article/us-pharmaceuticals-fakes/tens-of-thousands-dying-from-30-billion-fake-drugs-trade-who-says-idUSKBN1DS1XJ C.VC AND , threatening to undermine the power of life-saving medicines in future. | 1/17/22 |
so - politics drug pricing daTournament: Long Beach | Round: 6 | Opponent: Mitty AA | Judge: Saketh Kotapati OFFDrug price reform coming now – fight is ramping up but Biden has the opportunityCancryn 9/9 Cancryn, Adam. Adam Cancryn is a health care reporter for POLITICO Pro, graduate of Washington and Lee University."Biden admin backs direct government drug price negotiations." POLITICO, 9 Sept. 2021, www.politico.com/news/2021/09/09/biden-drug-price-negotiations-510828. AND at improving competition across a range of industries, including the drug sector. Biden’s PC is key to wrangle democrats and counter pharma lobbyingJohnson 8/12 Johnson, Jake, writer for Alternet . "Joe Biden throws support behind bold reforms to slash drug prices." Alternet, August 12, 2021, www.alternet.org/2021/08/biden-medicare-negotiate-prices. AND capital to push for congressional action at a pivotal moment in the debate." External action takes time, energy, and political capital away from domestic legislation – big pharma and EU alliesBhadrakumar 5/9 M K Bhadrakumar is a former Indian diplomat. "Biden’s talk of vaccine IP waiver is political theater." Asia Times, May 9, 2021, asiatimes.com/2021/05/bidens-talk-of-vaccine-ip-waiver-is-political-theater. AND , the European Union and the US, who all opposed the idea. Drug price controls massively reduce healthcare costs across the board – even assuming conservative modelsGamba 6/9 Gamba, Tyler. Author at the AJMC. "Adoption of the Lower Drug Costs Now Act May Lead to Billions in Savings." AJMC, 9 June 2021, www.ajmc.com/view/adoption-of-the-lower-drug-costs-now-act-may-lead-to-billions-in-savings. AND on the significant portion it pays toward member premiums in the individual marketplaces. Collapses the economyHowrigon, 16 — Ron Howrigon, M.S. in Economics with a focus on Health Economics from North Carolina State University, President and Founder of Fulcrum Strategies, 18 Years of Experience in Healthcare, 12-30-2016, "Flatlining: How Healthcare Could Kill the U.S. Economy," Greenbranch Publishing, 1st Edition, Accessed via Minnesota Libraries, Date Accessed: 8-10 AND resulting fallout could be could be much worse than even the housing crisis. Economic decline causes nuclear warTønnesson, 15 — Stein Tønnesson, Leader of East Asia Peace program at Uppsala University, Research Professor at the Peace Research Institute Oslo, "Deterrence, Interdependence and Sino–US Peace" International Area Studies Review, Review Essay, Volume 18, Issue 3, Pages 297-311, SAGE Journals, Minnesota Libraries, Date Accessed: 8-4 AND each other, with a view to obliging Washington or Beijing to intervene. | 1/17/22 |
so - politics grid daTournament: St Marks | Round: 6 | Opponent: Harvard Westlake KD | Judge: Danielle Dosch Infrastructure and reconciliation are the priority now. they’ll pass by new deadlineAlemany 10/12 ~Jacqueline Alemany and Theodoric Meyer, "The new deadline to pass Biden's agenda is coming up fast", 10/12/21, https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/2021/10/13/new-deadline-pass-biden-agenda-is-coming-up-fast/~~ AND We’re experts at coming right up against the edge and pulling a miracle." Pushing a WTO Waiver takes time, energy, and political capital away from domestic legislation – big pharma and EU alliesBhadrakumar 5/9 M K Bhadrakumar is a former Indian diplomat. "Biden’s talk of vaccine IP waiver is political theater." Asia Times, May 9, 2021, asiatimes.com/2021/05/bidens-talk-of-vaccine-ip-waiver-is-political-theater. AND , the European Union and the US, who all opposed the idea. Quickly secures the vulnerable grid.Carney 21 ~Chris, August 6; Senior Policy Advisor at Nossaman LLC, former US Representative, Former Professor of Political Science at Penn State University; JD Supra, "The US Senate Infrastructure Bill: Securing Our Electrical Grid Through P3s and Grants," https://www.jdsupra.com/legalnews/the-us-senate-infrastructure-bill-4989100/~~ AND partnerships and grants, the nation can quickly secure its infrastructure from cyberattacks. Grid vulnerabilities spark nuclear war.Klare 19 ~Michael; November; Professor Emeritus of Peace and World Security Studies at Hampshire College; Arms Control Association, "Cyber Battles, Nuclear Outcomes? Dangerous New Pathways to Escalation," https://www.armscontrol.org/act/2019-11/features/cyber-battles-nuclear-outcomes-dangerous-new-pathways-escalation~~ AND such attacks "could lead to major conflict and possibly nuclear war."14 | 1/17/22 |
so - politics grid da v2Tournament: St Marks | Round: Octas | Opponent: Harvard Westlake IC | Judge: Gerard Grigsby, Annabelle Long, Colton Gilbert Infrastructure and reconciliation are the priority now. they’ll pass by new deadlineAlemany 10/12 ~Jacqueline Alemany and Theodoric Meyer, "The new deadline to pass Biden's agenda is coming up fast", 10/12/21, https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/2021/10/13/new-deadline-pass-biden-agenda-is-coming-up-fast/~~ AND We’re experts at coming right up against the edge and pulling a miracle." Infrastructure must pass by end of the month – it’s tight now and maintaining Dem unity is key.Foran 10/18 ~Clare Foran, CNN Politics, "Capitol Hill Democrats face tough choices over major economic package in pivotal week ahead", 10/18/21, https://www.cnn.com/2021/10/18/politics/congress-economic-package-week-ahead/index.html~~ AND must aim to do that in the month of October," he added. Pelosi can pass infrastructure, but it’s razor-thin and depends on Biden’s PC with Manchin – any other obstacle, she can beat.Barabak 10/18 ~Mark Z. Barabak, LA Times, "For Nancy Pelosi, maybe one last chance to do something really, really big", 10/18/21, https://www.latimes.com/politics/story/2021-10-18/pelosi-push-biden-infrastructure-bill-political-test~~ AND she told reporters who broached the R (as in retirement) word. Pushing a Waiver takes time, energy, and political capital away from domestic legislation – big pharma and EU alliesBhadrakumar 5/9 M K Bhadrakumar is a former Indian diplomat. "Biden’s talk of vaccine IP waiver is political theater." Asia Times, May 9, 2021, asiatimes.com/2021/05/bidens-talk-of-vaccine-ip-waiver-is-political-theater. AND , the European Union and the US, who all opposed the idea. Quickly secures the vulnerable grid.Carney 21 ~Chris, August 6; Senior Policy Advisor at Nossaman LLC, former US Representative, Former Professor of Political Science at Penn State University; JD Supra, "The US Senate Infrastructure Bill: Securing Our Electrical Grid Through P3s and Grants," https://www.jdsupra.com/legalnews/the-us-senate-infrastructure-bill-4989100/~~ AND partnerships and grants, the nation can quickly secure its infrastructure from cyberattacks. Grid vulnerabilities spark nuclear war.Klare 19 ~Michael; November; Professor Emeritus of Peace and World Security Studies at Hampshire College; Arms Control Association, "Cyber Battles, Nuclear Outcomes? Dangerous New Pathways to Escalation," https://www.armscontrol.org/act/2019-11/features/cyber-battles-nuclear-outcomes-dangerous-new-pathways-escalation~~ AND such attacks "could lead to major conflict and possibly nuclear war."14 | 1/17/22 |
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