Harker Khan Neg
| Tournament | Round | Opponent | Judge | Cites | Round Report | Open Source | Edit/Delete |
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| CPS | 1 | Marlborough LF | Asher Towner |
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| CPS | 3 | Hamilton AL | April Ma |
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| CPS | 6 | Archbishop Mitty AA | Alex Baez |
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| Cal | 2 | Canyon Crest AK | Ari Davidson |
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| Cal | 3 | Little Rock Central MG | Claudia Ribera |
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| Cal | 5 | Westwood SP | Saketh Kotapati |
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| Emory | 4 | Peninsula RM | Samantha McLoughlin |
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| Emory | 5 | St Agnes EH | Luke Bagdon |
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| Emory | Octas | Strath Haven AM | Ari Davidson, Gordon Krauss, David Dosch |
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| Glenbrooks | 6 | Marlborough JH | Patrick Fox |
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| Glenbrooks | 7 | Strake Jesuit MS | Gordon Krauss |
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| Glenbrooks | 1 | Basis Peoria PY | Jared Croitoru |
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| Glenbrooks | 3 | Harvard Westlake CR | Lena Mizrahi |
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| Harvard Westlake | 2 | Dwight Englewood EK | Leah Clark Villanueva |
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| Harvard Westlake | 4 | Stockdale GS | Ari Davidson |
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| Harvard Westlake | 6 | Harvard Westlake MT | Vanessa Nguyen |
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| Long Beach | 1 | Perry JA | Lukas Krause |
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| Long Beach | 6 | Mitty AA | Saketh Kotapati |
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| Long Beach | 3 | Peninsula EL | Jan Wimmer |
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| Palm | 2 | Ayala AM | Aashir Sanjrani |
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| Palm | 4 | West Ranch SV | Lauren Woodall |
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| Palm | 6 | Lexington JB | Chris Castillo |
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| Palm | Doubles | St Agnes EH | Ben Cortez, Gordon Krauss, Holden Bukowsky |
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| Palm | Octas | Northland Christian LB | Jacob Nails, Parker Hopkins, Gordon Krauss |
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| Pres | 2 | Sequoia AS | Amy Nyberg |
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| Pres | 4 | Mission San Jose SR | Lukas Krause |
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| Pres | 5 | Irvington SD | Samantha McLoughlin |
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| St Marks | 1 | Marlborough JK | David Dosch |
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| St Marks | 4 | Tays KM | Jonathan Hsu |
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| St Marks | 6 | Harvard Westlake KD | Danielle Dosch |
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| St Marks | Doubles | Southlake Carroll EP | Danielle Dosch, David Dosch, Anabelle Long |
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| St Marks | Octas | Harvard Westlake IC | Gerard Grigsby, Annabelle Long, Colton Gilbert |
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| St Marks | Quarters | Homestead SL | Ari Davidson, Colton Gilbert, Jonathan Hsu |
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| Valley | 5 | MSJ SB | Spencer Orlowski |
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| Valley | 1 | Princeton JG | Faizaan Dossani |
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| Valley | 3 | Strath Haven AM | Cyrus Jackson |
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| turbografx16 | Quads | Contact | Contact |
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| Tournament | Round | Report |
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| CPS | 1 | Opponent: Marlborough LF | Judge: Asher Towner 1AC - NEW Global Commons |
| CPS | 3 | Opponent: Hamilton AL | Judge: April Ma 1AC - Techno-O |
| CPS | 6 | Opponent: Archbishop Mitty AA | Judge: Alex Baez 1AC- PTD |
| Cal | 2 | Opponent: Canyon Crest AK | Judge: Ari Davidson 1AC - Mining |
| Cal | 3 | Opponent: Little Rock Central MG | Judge: Claudia Ribera 1AC - Alienation |
| Cal | 5 | Opponent: Westwood SP | Judge: Saketh Kotapati 1AC-India |
| Emory | 4 | Opponent: Peninsula RM | Judge: Samantha McLoughlin 1AC - Whole Res |
| Emory | 5 | Opponent: St Agnes EH | Judge: Luke Bagdon 1AC - Megaconstellations |
| Emory | Octas | Opponent: Strath Haven AM | Judge: Ari Davidson, Gordon Krauss, David Dosch 1AC - LEO w Lunar Heritage |
| Glenbrooks | 6 | Opponent: Marlborough JH | Judge: Patrick Fox 1ac - Prison Workers |
| Glenbrooks | 7 | Opponent: Strake Jesuit MS | Judge: Gordon Krauss 1ac - Courts |
| Glenbrooks | 1 | Opponent: Basis Peoria PY | Judge: Jared Croitoru 1AC - Gillespie |
| Glenbrooks | 3 | Opponent: Harvard Westlake CR | Judge: Lena Mizrahi 1AC - US |
| Harvard Westlake | 2 | Opponent: Dwight Englewood EK | Judge: Leah Clark Villanueva 1ac - Mining |
| Harvard Westlake | 4 | Opponent: Stockdale GS | Judge: Ari Davidson 1ac - Counter Operations |
| Harvard Westlake | 6 | Opponent: Harvard Westlake MT | Judge: Vanessa Nguyen 1ac - Cap |
| Long Beach | 1 | Opponent: Perry JA | Judge: Lukas Krause 1ac - Zoom Vitality |
| Long Beach | 6 | Opponent: Mitty AA | Judge: Saketh Kotapati 1ac - Data exclusivity |
| Long Beach | 3 | Opponent: Peninsula EL | Judge: Jan Wimmer 1ac - Vaccine Imperialism |
| Palm | 2 | Opponent: Ayala AM | Judge: Aashir Sanjrani 1AC - Lunar Heritage |
| Palm | 4 | Opponent: West Ranch SV | Judge: Lauren Woodall 1AC - PTD |
| Palm | 6 | Opponent: Lexington JB | Judge: Chris Castillo 1AC - Kant China Advantage |
| Palm | Doubles | Opponent: St Agnes EH | Judge: Ben Cortez, Gordon Krauss, Holden Bukowsky 1AC - LEO |
| Palm | Octas | Opponent: Northland Christian LB | Judge: Jacob Nails, Parker Hopkins, Gordon Krauss 1AC - China Heg |
| Pres | 2 | Opponent: Sequoia AS | Judge: Amy Nyberg 1ac - Jordan |
| Pres | 4 | Opponent: Mission San Jose SR | Judge: Lukas Krause 1ac - Virtue |
| Pres | 5 | Opponent: Irvington SD | Judge: Samantha McLoughlin 1ac - wholeres |
| St Marks | 1 | Opponent: Marlborough JK | Judge: David Dosch 1ac - Vaccine Imperialism |
| St Marks | 4 | Opponent: Tays KM | Judge: Jonathan Hsu 1ac - Trips |
| St Marks | 6 | Opponent: Harvard Westlake KD | Judge: Danielle Dosch 1ac - Covid |
| St Marks | Doubles | Opponent: Southlake Carroll EP | Judge: Danielle Dosch, David Dosch, Anabelle Long 1ac - Weed |
| St Marks | Octas | Opponent: Harvard Westlake IC | Judge: Gerard Grigsby, Annabelle Long, Colton Gilbert 1ac - Covid |
| St Marks | Quarters | Opponent: Homestead SL | Judge: Ari Davidson, Colton Gilbert, Jonathan Hsu 1ac - Hapticality |
| Valley | 5 | Opponent: MSJ SB | Judge: Spencer Orlowski ac - gender hacking |
| Valley | 1 | Opponent: Princeton JG | Judge: Faizaan Dossani 1ac - Disability |
| Valley | 3 | Opponent: Strath Haven AM | Judge: Cyrus Jackson 1ac - Covid |
| turbografx16 | Quads | Opponent: Contact | Judge: Contact contact |
To modify or delete round reports, edit the associated round.
Cites
| Entry | Date |
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0 - ContactTournament: turbografx16 | Round: Quads | Opponent: Contact | Judge: Contact | 3/5/22 |
ERRORTournament: Harvard Westlake | Round: 4 | Opponent: Stockdale GS | Judge: Ari Davidson | 3/5/22 |
ERRORTournament: Pres | Round: 4 | Opponent: Mission San Jose SR | Judge: Lukas Krause | 3/5/22 |
ERRORTournament: Pres | Round: 5 | Opponent: Irvington SD | Judge: Samantha McLoughlin | 3/5/22 |
ERRORTournament: CPS | Round: 3 | Opponent: Hamilton AL | Judge: April Ma | 3/5/22 |
GEN NC - Util v2Tournament: Harvard Westlake | Round: 6 | Opponent: Harvard Westlake MT | Judge: Vanessa Nguyen Reducing existential risks is the top priority in any coherent moral theoryPlummer, PhD, 15 AND be acting very wrongly." (From chapter 36 of On What Matters) No space industrial complex – they have no evidence that our authors are biased and you should reject generalizing statements – just as likely that their authors are paid off by anti-space privatization hacksRejecting strategic predictions of threats makes them inevitable—decisionmakers will rely on preconceived conceptions of threat rather than the more qualified predictions of analystsMichael Fitzsimmons 7, Washington DC defense analyst, "The Problem of Uncertainty in Strategic Planning", Survival, Winter 06-07, online) AND , such decisions may be poorly understood by the decision-makers themselves. Off their slow violence framing cards – our DAs turn it – war, environmental destruction, etc. all disproportionately harm the most marginalized – don’t conflate small magnitude with high probability – they still need to win that they solve their impacts before they can say case outweighs | 3/5/22 |
GEN NC - Util v3Tournament: Palm | Round: 6 | Opponent: Lexington JB | Judge: Chris Castillo 1~ Death outweighsBurns 2017 (Elizabeth Finneron-Burns is a Teaching Fellow at the University of Warwick and an Affiliated Researcher at the Institute for Futures Studies in Stockholm, What's wrong with human extinction?, http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/00455091.2016.1278150?needAccess=true**, Canadian Journal of Philosophy, 2017) 2~ All other frameworks failMack 4 ~(Peter, MBBS, FRCS(Ed), FRCS (Glasg), PhD, MBA, MHlthEcon) "Utilitarian Ethics in Healthcare." International Journal of the Computer, the Internet, and Management Vol. 12, No.3. 2004. Department of Surgery. Singapore General Hospital.~ SJDI 3~ Non util ethics are impossibleGreene 10 – Joshua, Associate Professor of Social science in the Department of Psychology at Harvard University (The Secret Joke of Kant's Soul published in Moral Psychology: Historical and Contemporary Readings, accessed: www.fed.cuhk.edu.hk/~lchang/material/Evolutionary/Developmental/Greene-KantSoul.pdf) 4~ That justifies util – it's impartial, specific to public actors, and resolves infinite regress which explains all value.Greene 15 — (Joshua Greene, Professor of Psychology @ Harvard, being interviewed by Russ Roberts, "Joshua Greene on Moral Tribes, Moral Dilemmas, and Utilitarianism", The Library of Economics and Liberty, 1-5-15, Available Online at https://www.econtalk.org/joshua-greene-on-moral-tribes-moral-dilemmas-and-utilitarianism/~~#audio-highlights, accessed 5-17-20, HKR-AM) NB: Guest = Greene, and only his lines are highlighted/underlined 5~ Reducing existential risks is the top priority in any coherent moral theoryPummer, PhD, 15 (Theron, Philosophy @St. Andrews http://blog.practicalethics.ox.ac.uk/2015/05/moral-agreement-on-saving-the-world/) 6~ No intent-foresight distinction – If we foresee a consequence, then it becomes part of our deliberation which makes it intrinsic to our action since we intend it to happen.7~ No act-omission distinction for private entities – they need to manage limited resources and manage tradeoffs8~ Reject consequentialism indictsA~ empirics prove governments and individuals make accurate predictions all the timeB~ indicts are all reasons why consequentialism is imperfect and difficult, not a reason they're impossible or badC~ ALL phil cares about consequentialism, they use past causal events to determine the nature of reality and ethics | 2/21/22 |
GEN T - Defend the Topic v GillespieTournament: Glenbrooks | Round: 1 | Opponent: Basis Peoria PY | Judge: Jared Croitoru Interp: Our Interpretation is the affirmative should instrumentally defend the resolution about the RTS – hold the line, CX and the 1AC prove there’s no I-meet – anything new in the 1AR is either extra-T since it includes the non-topical parts of the Aff or effects-T since it’s a future result of the advocacy which both link to our offense.This does not require the use of any particular style, type of evidence, or assumption about the role of the judge — only that the topic should determine the debate’s subject matter."Resolved" means enactment of a law.Words and Phrases 64 Words and Phrases Permanent Edition (Multi-volume set of judicial definitions). "Resolved". 1964. AND ," which is defined by Bouvier as meaning "to establish by law". Violation – ~they don't~TVA- ~talk about how all black federal workers can strike which collapses industries or the government or people could refuse to do labor for the state or labor for civil society by divesting labor — tons of iterations of this ~ – you can still include performance and the criticism. Disads to the TVA prove neg ground and no right to a perfect 1acSwitch side debate – critiques of liberalism and performance can be read on the neg – solves dogmatism by testing different viewpointsVote Neg – The resolution is the only common stasis point that anchors negative preparation. Allowing any aff deviation from the resolution is a moral hazard which justifies an infinite number of unpredictable arguments with thin ties to the resolution. Because debate is a competitive game, their interpretation incentivizes affirmatives to run further towards fringes and revert to truisms which are exceedingly difficult to negate—this asymmetry is compounded by their monopoly on preparationOtherwise, they have passive opinions without meaningful advocacy – MeToo, BlackLives Matter, and other movements are grounded in particular policies that can help marginalized people – they abstract from those impacts which means movement failure is inevitable and its likely they support worse, dogmatic policies that harm marginalized people more, which internal link turns the aff.Debate doesn’t have any effect on the political and the individual arguments we read have no effect on our subjectivity, even if they spur immediate reflection, those insights aren’t integrated into deep-stored memory—this means you can vote negative on presumption. Encouraging focused, nuanced research and clash is the only chance to change attitudes long term—which means they can’t solve their impact turns but our model can.filter their impacts through predictable testability —-debate inherently judges relative truth value by whether or not it gets answered—-a combination of a less predictable case neg, the burden of rejoinder, and them starting a speech ahead will always inflate the value of their impacts, which makes non-arbitrarily weighing whether they should have read the 1ac in the first place impossible within the structure of a debate round so even if we lose framework, vote neg on presumption. They also create a moral hazard that leads to affs only about individual self-care so even if you think this aff is answerable, the ones they incentivize are not, so assume the worst possible affirmative when weighing our impacts.Ballot Paradox: Placing the decision-making potential within the ballot is violent, since no change spill out of round and makes the judge a violent arbiter of your subjectivity TFW has to be drop the debater – it indicts their method of engagement and proves we couldn’t engage fairly with their affNo RVIs – this includes impact turns and independent voting issues –1 – exclusions are inevitable – we only have 45 minutes to discuss things – doesn’t prove harmful intent2 – T is an aff burden – doesn’t justify them winning3 – forces unreasonable standard of epistemic perfection – bad arguments should be rejected, but that doesn’t implicate the team | 3/5/22 |
GEN T - Defend the Topic v MollowTournament: Valley | Round: 1 | Opponent: Princeton JG | Judge: Faizaan Dossani 1Interp: Affirmatives must defend that the member nations of the World Trade Organization ought to reduce intellectual property protections for medicines This does not require the use of any particular style, type of evidence, or assumption about the role of the judge — only that the topic should determine the debate’s subject matter.Violation:Resolved" means enactment of a law.Words and Phrases 64 Words and Phrases Permanent Edition (Multi-volume set of judicial definitions). "Resolved". 1964. AND ," which is defined by Bouvier as meaning "to establish by law". Used genericallyDictionary.com ~Online Dictionary and Thesaurus, "the"~ ~DS~ "The" is a genericOED ~Oxford English Dictionary, "the"~ ~DS~ Here is a list of the member nations of the WTO – aff is not thatWTO 7/29/16 ~World Trade Organization, "Updated Member List"~ ~DS~ AND Sudan Nation is a group of people possessing sovereign territory and governmentMerriam Webster ~Encyclopedia Britannica, "Nation"~ ~DS~
"of" relates a part to a wholeOED ~Oxford English Dictionary, "of"~ ~DS~ WTO is an international trade organizationWTO ~"What is the WTO?"~ ~DS~ AND producers of goods and services, exporters, and importers conduct their business. "Ought to" moral obligation==== Reduce diminish ==== IP protections cover patents, copyrights, trademarks, and trade secretsSpencePC 4/4/16 ~Legal Counsel, "Four Types of Intellectual Property for Business"~ ~DS~ AND The post Four Types of Intellectual Property for Businesses appeared first on SpencePC Medicine is for treatment of diseaseCED ~Cambridge English Dictionary, "Medicine"~ ~DS~ Offense:1. Limits OW —-bounded debate is the only way to guarantee preparation and defense against a well-prepared opponent—-that’s a prerequisite to using the form of debate effectively, no matter what for. Disruption alone isn’t justification for an aff ballot, they need an interpretation that guarantees pre-round relationality, genuine argumentative challenges and an agreed-upon end-point. Their model of debate allows the most powerful to disrupt the communicative forum – their interp is an insular victory at best and disastrous at worst for debate’s liberatory potential.Hansen, PhD, 18 AND be limited according to unconscious power structures, the rules of the strongest? 2. FairnessA. Non topical advocacies mean they can defend anything outside the resolution which is unpredictable, and also defend uncontestable offense like racism bad. This kills NEG ground and thus equal access to the ballot.B. Debate is a game: forced winner/loser, competitive norms, and the tournament invite prove. Alternative impacts like activism or education can be pursued in other forums. This makes fairness the most important impactC. Preparation- repacking the topic gives the aff a huge edge, they can prepare for 6 months on an issue that catches us by surprise. Preparation is better than thinking on your feet- research demonstrates pedagogical humility and research skills are the only portable debate trainingD. Library DA- there are a finite amount of ways to stop IP protections, but an infinite number of non topical affirmatives. not debating the topic allows someone to specialize in one area of the library for 4 years giving them a huge edge over people who switch research focus ever 2 months.E. Exclusionary rule- you can’t vote on the case outweighs T because lack of preparation prevents rigorous testing of the AC claims. If we win fairness we don’t have to "outweigh" other impactsF. TVA – ~Read this as an advantage under wholeres; lack of medicine access disproportionately effects those with disability who need medicine but dont receive it~. Solves their education offense. Our TVA is purposefully imperfect to ensure negative ground and force SSD.Outweighs their impacts - Links best to the role of the judge to determine the winner as per the ballot – that’s impossible if the round’s unfair. Even if their method is good for education there’s no reason you vote on it, just as even if exercise is good for soccer players you don’t vote for the team that ran most.Voter: Drop the debater on T – the round is already skewed from the beginning because their advocacy excluded by ability to generate NC offense– letting them sever doesn’t solve any of the abuseTheory is an issue of competing interpretations because reasonability invites arbitrary judge intervention based on preference rather than argumentation and encourages a race to the bottom in which debaters will exploit a judge’s tolerance for questionable argumentation. | 2/17/22 |
GEN T - Defend the Topic v ZoomTournament: Long Beach | Round: 1 | Opponent: Perry JA | Judge: Lukas Krause OffInterp: Affirmatives must defend ~~~This does not require the use of any particular style, type of evidence, or assumption about the role of the judge — only that the topic should determine the debate’s subject matter.Violation:"Resolved" means enactment of a law.Words and Phrases 64 Words and Phrases Permanent Edition (Multi-volume set of judicial definitions). "Resolved". 1964. AND ," which is defined by Bouvier as meaning "to establish by law". "The" refers to the whole group in this instanceMerriam Webster ~The Free Dictionary, "the" – definite article~ ~DS~ Nation is an official territorial division independent and sovereignMerriam Webster ~Encyclopedia Britannica, "Nation"~ ~DS~
"Ought to" moral obligation==== Reduce diminish ==== Medicine Includes anything that leads to physical, mental, or social well beingJohn Walford Todd 9/7/20 ~Encyclopedia Britannica, "Medicine"~ ~DS~ AND promotion and care of health—is concerned with this ideal. Offense:1. Limits OW —-bounded debate is the only way to guarantee preparation and defense against a well-prepared opponent—-that’s a prerequisite to using the form of debate effectively, no matter what for. Disruption alone isn’t justification for an aff ballot, they need an interpretation that guarantees pre-round relationality, genuine argumentative challenges and an agreed-upon end-point. Their model of debate allows the most powerful to disrupt the communicative forum – their interp is an insular victory at best and disastrous at worst for debate’s liberatory potential.Hansen, PhD, 18 AND be limited according to unconscious power structures, the rules of the strongest? 2. FairnessA. Non topical advocacies mean they can defend anything outside the resolution which is unpredictable, and also defend uncontestable offense like racism bad. This kills NEG ground and thus equal access to the ballot.B. Debate is a game: forced winner/loser, competitive norms, and the tournament invite prove. Alternative impacts like activism or education can be pursued in other forums. This makes fairness the most important impactC. Preparation- repacking the topic gives the aff a huge edge, they can prepare for 6 months on an issue that catches us by surprise. Preparation is better than thinking on your feet- research demonstrates pedagogical humility and research skills are the only portable debate trainingD. Library DA- there are a finite amount of ways to stop ~~, but an infinite number of non topical affirmatives. not debating the topic allows someone to specialize in one area of the library for 4 years giving them a huge edge over people who switch research focus ever 2 months.E. Exclusionary rule- you can’t vote on the case outweighs T because lack of preparation prevents rigorous testing of the AC claims. If we win fairness we don’t have to "outweigh" other impactsF. TVA – You could read a Covid aff that focuses on the data aspects of IPP bc medicines requires tons of RandD and innovation and you can discuss the gatekeeping of medicines had forced us into the pandemic and on zoom. This could just be an advantage under that aff.- Solves their education offense. Our TVA is purposefully imperfect to ensure negative ground and force SSD.Outweighs their impacts - Links best to the role of the judge to determine the winner as per the ballot – that’s impossible if the round’s unfair. Even if their method is good for education there’s no reason you vote on it, just as even if exercise is good for soccer players you don’t vote for the team that ran most.Voter: Drop the debater on T – the round is already skewed from the beginning because their advocacy excluded by ability to generate NC offense– letting them sever doesn’t solve any of the abuseT is an issue of competing interpretations because reasonability invites arbitrary judge intervention based on preference rather than argumentation and encourages a race to the bottom in which debaters will exploit a judge’s tolerance for questionable argumentation. | 1/26/22 |
GEN Theory - A-SPECTournament: Harvard Westlake | Round: 6 | Opponent: Harvard Westlake MT | Judge: Vanessa Nguyen Interpretation: the affirmative must specify the agent of the plan in the plan text or in cx if asked | 3/5/22 |
GEN Theory - DisclosureTournament: Glenbrooks | Round: 1 | Opponent: Basis Peoria PY | Judge: Jared Croitoru A. Interpretation: Debaters may only read positions that are disclosed before the debate on their NDCA wiki page under their own name with full citations, tags, and first three/last three words.B. Violation: screenshots in the doc my timestamps are weird b/c im on west coast
C. Standards:Quality engagement – disclosure allows in-depth preparation before the round which checks back against unpredictable positions and allows debaters to effectively write case negs and blocks – allows for reciprocal engagement where each side has an equal opportunity to prepare as opposed to scouting capacity to determine success, and incentivizes in-depth debates which is key to clash and good topic education.Reciprocity – the majority of national circuit buys into disclosure and put stuff on the wiki. They get access to cites and cards for cases and prep, which improves quality ground and means they can predict what other people are running, but we can’t predict them proven by they have a wiki but wont disclose. That outweighs – a) every reason disclosure is good is an advantage for them and not me, b) view their counter-interp with a grain of salt since it’s self-serving.Academic Ethics – disclosure deters mis-cutting, power-tagging, abuse of brackets and ellipses, and plagiarism since it allows debaters to check for those issues out of round. Academic honesty outweighs – it’s a real-world norm and debate loses all educational value if we can just make up cards.Deep Research – disclosure incentivizes specific, in-depth researchNails ’13 (Jacob, "A Defense of Disclosure (Including Third-Party Disclosure)", 10/10/2013) AND , backfiles and briefs would have done LD in a long time ago. Fairness- the ballot asks who did the better debating not the better cheating- the round is skewed which prevents evaluating substance their args in cx dont make cxEducation- it’s the purpose of debateCompeting-interpretations- reasonability is arbitrary, invites judge intervention, and collapses into competing-interpsNo RVIs- they chill legitimate theory and are illogical since you don’t win for being fair. You can make you-violates and I-meets and read theory, solves reciprocity supercharged b/c they have a wiki with contact info but wont disclose so they'll have it prepped out. | 3/5/22 |
JANFEB CP - Asteroid AdvTournament: Palm | Round: Doubles | Opponent: St Agnes EH | Judge: Ben Cortez, Gordon Krauss, Holden Bukowsky CP: Private entities should place infrared asteroid monitoring satellites in outer space for the purpose of asteroid detectionSolves BetterBlumberg 19 ~Nick Blumberg 9-10-2019, WTTW, How Satellites Can Detect and Protect Earth From Asteroids | 3/5/22 |
JANFEB CP - Debris AdvTournament: Palm | Round: Doubles | Opponent: St Agnes EH | Judge: Ben Cortez, Gordon Krauss, Holden Bukowsky States should:Remove the most volatile and largest Debris pieces from the most congested orbitsMandate UN guidelines on space debris mitigationCollaborate on techniques to track and display the location of objects in real time and AI to automate debris-avoidance maneuversIndefinitely stall deployment of low earth orbit ASAT's.That solves satellites, miscalc, Kessler, and debris collisionsNature 8/11 ~(Nature Editorial Board, peer-reviewed, comprises experimental scientists and data-standards experts from across different fields of science) "The world must cooperate to avoid a catastrophic space collision," Nature, 8/11/2021~ JL | 3/5/22 |
JANFEB CP - GuardianshipTournament: Palm | Round: 4 | Opponent: West Ranch SV | Judge: Lauren Woodall States should declare that public guardianship obligations created by the non-ownership doctrine necessitate a reduction in private actor appropriation of Outer Space.The public trust doctrine is inseparable from an anthropocentric politics of human chauvinism – further application can only strengthen exploitative relationships to nature – guardianship asserts the doctrine of non-ownership, which solves better and competesAdler 05, Dean College of Law at Utah (Robert, The Law at the Water's Edge: Limits to ""Ownership"" of Aquatic Ecosystems, in Wet Growth: Should Water Law Control Land Use?, pg. 244) That human-centric ethic ensures escalating cycles of ecological collapse and exclusion – ethical obligation to rejectAhkin '10 (Melanie Ahkin, Monash University, 2010, "Human Centrism, Animist Materialism, and the Critique of Rationalism in Val Plumwood's Critical Ecological Feminism," Emergent Australian Philosophers, a peer reviewed journal of philosophy,http://www.eap.philosophy-australia.com/archives.html) These five features provide the basis for hegemonic centrism insofar as they promote certain conceptual and perceptual distortions of reality which universalise and naturalise the standpoint of the superior relata as primary or centre, and deny and subordinate the standpoints of inferiorised others as secondary or derivative. Using standpoint theory analysis, Plumwood's reconceptualisation of human chauvinist frameworks locates and dissects these logical characteristics of dualism, and the conceptual and perceptual distortions of reality common to centric structures, as follows. Radical exclusion is found in the rationalist emphasis on differences between humans and non-human nature, its valourisation of a human rationality conceived as exclusionary of nature, and its minimisation of similarities between the two realms. Homogenisation and stereotyping occur especially in the rationalist denial of consciousness to nature, and its denial of the diversity of mental characteristics found within its many different constituents, facilitating a perception of nature as homogeneous and of its members as interchangeable and replaceable resources. This definition of nature in terms of its lack of human rationality and consciousness means that its identity remains relative to that of the dominant human group, and its difference is marked as deficiency, permitting its inferiorisation. Backgrounding and denial may be observed in the conception of nature as extraneous and inessential background to the foreground of human culture, in the human denial of dependency on the natural environment, and denial of the ethical and political constraints which the unrecognised ends and needs of non-human nature might otherwise place on human behaviour. These features together create an ethical discontinuity between humans and non-human nature which denies nature's value and agency, and thereby promote its instrumentalisation and exploitation for the benefit of humans.11 This dualistic logic helps to universalise the human centric standpoint, making invisible and seemingly inevitable the conceptual and perceptual distortions of reality and oppression of non-human nature it enjoins. The alternative standpoints and perspectives of members of the inferiorised class of nature are denied legitimacy and subordinated to that of the class of humans, ultimately becoming invisible once this master standpoint becomes part of the very structure of thought.12 Such an anthropocentric framework creates a variety of serious injustices and prudential risks, making it highly ecologically irrational.13 The hierarchical value prescriptions and epistemic distortions responsible for its biased, reductive conceptualisation of nature strips the non-human natural realm of non-instrumental value, and impedes the fair and impartial treatment of its members. Similarly, anthropocentrism creates distributive injustices by restricting ethical concern to humans, admitting partisan distributive relationships with non-human nature in the forms of commodification and instrumentalisation. The prudential risks and blindspots created by anthropocentrism are problematic for nature and humans alike and are of especial concern within our current context of radical human dependence on an irreplaceable and increasingly degraded natural environment. These prudential risks are in large part consequences of the centric structure's promotion of illusory human disembeddedness, self-enclosure and insensitivity to the significance and survival needs of non-human nature: The logic of centrism naturalises an illusory order in which the centre appears to itself to be disembedded, and this is especially dangerous in contexts where there is real and radical dependency on an Other who is simultaneously weakened by the application of that logic.14 Within the context of human-nature relationships, such a logic must inevitably lead to failure, either through the catastrophic extinction of our natural environment and the consequent collapse of our species, or more hopefully by the abandonment and transformation of the human centric framework.15 Our evidence is explicitly comparative – ptd will be applied arbitrarily and cases will drag on – non-ownership is key to uniformity and broad ecological benefits, but the plan permanently sells away the environmentAdler 05, Dean College of Law at Utah (Robert, The Law at the Water's Edge: Limits to ""Ownership"" of Aquatic Ecosystems, in Wet Growth: Should Water Law Control Land Use?, pg. 244) Conflicting decisions ensure the permutation has no force of lawArnold and Porter 10 ~2010, Arnold and Porter is a Preeminent International Law Firm, "Reforming the Immigration System", new.abanet.org/Immigration/PublicDocuments/aba_complete_full_report.pdf~ | 2/15/22 |
JANFEB CP - Kant China AdvTournament: Palm | Round: 6 | Opponent: Lexington JB | Judge: Chris Castillo CP: The People's Republic of China ought to condition the appropriation of outer space by private entities given that appropriation does not preclude another's appropriation -- First Card in the offense section proves it solves | 2/21/22 |
JANFEB CP - Ozone Adv v2Tournament: Palm | Round: Doubles | Opponent: St Agnes EH | Judge: Ben Cortez, Gordon Krauss, Holden Bukowsky CP: States should inject large amounts of ice particles into the lower stratosphere in late fall, especially in Antarctica.Solves ozone depletionNote: PSCs = polar stratospheric clouds | 3/5/22 |
JANFEB CP - RegulationsTournament: Harvard Westlake | Round: 2 | Opponent: Dwight Englewood EK | Judge: Leah Clark Villanueva OFFCP: States should create and adopt a new set of flexible regulations concerning responsible space colonization through the UN Office of Outer Space Affairs. The appropriation of outer space through asteroid mining by private entities should be regulated by the UN Office of Outer Space Affairs.Current government issues to resolve colony governance are insufficient – as is the OST – but new flexible regulations solveKovic 21 Kovic, Marko. PhD Communication and Media Studies, University of Zurich. "Risks of space colonization." Futures 126 (2021): 102638. ~Quality Control~ AND of years, but the practical timescale for achieving results should be decades. 1AC Foster agrees that regulation through an international agreement is all that’s necessary to solve their space war advantage – it says nothing about banning being key. — im in greenFoster 16 – Craig, J.D., University of Illinois College of Law, "EXCUSE ME, YOU’RE MINING MY ASTEROID: SPACE PROPERTY RIGHTS AND THE U.S. SPACE RESOURCE EXPLORATION AND UTILIZATION ACT OF 2015", JOURNAL OF LAW, TECHNOLOGY and POLICY, No. 2, page 428-430, http://illinoisjltp.com/journal/wp-content/uploads/2016/11/Foster.pdf AND discussion stages and is likely to take a while to come to fruition. 1AC Mallick evidence also says the problem is lack of global consensus and clarity, not the existence of asteroid mining which they cant solve because they just ban mining they dont fiat in an intnl organization or body. — im in greenMallick and Rajagopalan 19 - Law Researcher at the High Court of Delhi from 2016 to 2018 and is currently pursuing LL.M in International Law at The Fletcher School of Law and Diplomacy, USA, Distinguished Fellow and Head of the Nuclear and Space Policy Initiative at Observer Research Foundation. She is also the Technical Adviser to the UN Group of Governmental Experts (GGE) on Prevention of Arms Race in Outer Space (PAROS). (Rajeswari Pillai Rajagopalan, Senjuti Mallick, "If Space is ‘the Province of Mankind’, Who Owns its Resources? The Potential of Space Mining and its Legal Implications", ORF Occasional Paper No. 182, January 2019, Observer Research Foundation., https://www.orfonline.org/research/if-space-is-the-province-of-mankind-who-owns-its-resources-47561/) NAR AND instead of earning admiration and exultation, will only be enmeshed in litigation. | 2/15/22 |
JANFEB CP - Regulations vs Lunar HeritageTournament: Palm | Round: 2 | Opponent: Ayala AM | Judge: Aashir Sanjrani OFFCounterplan: States should create and adopt a new set of flexible regulations concerning responsible space activities focused on issues of governance of lunar heritage, and scientific research and development, including but not limited to revising treaties to allow for private outer space appropriation with taxation paid to the United Nations to be used for redistributive efforts.Process comes before product – the only way to create better policies is to bring the people impacted by decisions into the decision-making process – only property rights can guarantee a seat at the tableBarter 98 ~PhD, Coordinator, Sustainable Transport Action Network for Asia and the Pacific A Rahman, UNCHS (Habitat) Regional Symposium on Urban Poverty in Asia, Transport and Urban Poverty in Asia: A Brief Introduction to the Key Issues, http://www.fukuoka.unhabitat.org/docs/occasional_papers/project_a/06/transport-barter-e.html~~ Citizen participation in decision-making spills over to greater openness and improvements in the planning processWillson 01 ~Willson, R. Assessing communicative rationality as a transportation planning paradigm. Transportation 28, 1–31 (2001). https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1005247430522~~ Private entities don't act on debris because of uncertainty about property rights – CP creates incentives for management, tracking and cleanupLarsen 18 ~Paul B. "Solving the space debris crisis." J. Air L. and Com. 83 (2018): 475.~ | 2/12/22 |
JANFEB DA - Mining GoodTournament: Harvard Westlake | Round: 2 | Opponent: Dwight Englewood EK | Judge: Leah Clark Villanueva OFFCommercial asteroid mining is coming now – lower costs and improving tech make it economically viable – and the legal basis is already in place in multiple countries– that helps acquire water for rocket fuel and rare earth metalsGilbert, PhD student in space resources at the Colorado School of Mines, writes in 21 alex gilbert, is a complex systems researcher and a PhD student in space resources at the Colorado School of Mines. "Mining in Space Is Coming." Milken Institute Review, April 26, 2021, www.milkenreview.org/articles/mining-in-space-is-coming. ~Quality Control~ AND making the transition from fossil fuels to renewables backed up by battery storage. Asteroid mining offsets terrestrial growth that ruins the environment and enables solar power satellites – both solve climate changeTaylor 19 Chris Taylor is a veteran journalist. Previously senior news writer for Time.com a year later. In 2000, he was named San Francisco bureau chief for Time magazine. He has served as senior editor for Business 2.0, West Coast editor for Fortune Small Business and West Coast web editor for Fast Company. Chris is a graduate of Merton College, Oxford and the Columbia University Graduate School of Journalism. "How asteroid mining will save the Earth — and mint trillionaires." Mashable, 2019, mashable.com/feature/asteroid-mining-space-economy. ~Quality Control~ AND how relatively easy it is to ship stuff in zero-G environments. Asteroid mining solves rare earth metal depletion – prevents tech stagnation and unsustainable resource extraction — it would last millions of years which takes out the resource depletion scenarioMitchell 20 Robin Mitchell is an electronic engineer who has been involved in electronics since the age of 13. After completing a BEng at the University of Warwick, Robin moved into the field of online content creation developing articles. "How might asteroid mining be key to electronics future?" 28-09-2020, www.electropages.com/blog/2020/09/how-might-asteroid-mining-be-key-electronics-future. ~Quality Control~ AND that orbit the sun, planets, and rings around Saturn / Jupiter. Asteroid mining tech solves asteroid collisions - extinctionTaylor 19 Chris Taylor is a veteran journalist. Previously senior news writer for Time.com a year later. In 2000, he was named San Francisco bureau chief for Time magazine. He has served as senior editor for Business 2.0, West Coast editor for Fortune Small Business and West Coast web editor for Fast Company. Chris is a graduate of Merton College, Oxford and the Columbia University Graduate School of Journalism. "How asteroid mining will save the Earth — and mint trillionaires." Mashable, 2019, mashable.com/feature/asteroid-mining-space-economy. ~Quality Control~ AND into 150 small solar-power satellites, as a proof of concept. | 2/15/22 |
JANFEB DA - Mining Good v ChinaTournament: Palm | Round: Octas | Opponent: Northland Christian LB | Judge: Jacob Nails, Parker Hopkins, Gordon Krauss China's Asteroid Mining efforts are light-years ahead of everyone else – now is key for Asteroid Mining. Successful Mining solves Warming through Green Transition.Cohen 21 Ariel Cohen 10-26-2021 "China's Space Mining Industry Is Prepping For Launch – But What About The US?" https://www.forbes.com/sites/arielcohen/2021/10/26/chinas-space-mining-industry-is-prepping-for-launch—but-what-about-the-us/?sh=6b8bea862ae0 (I am a Senior Fellow at the Atlantic Council and the Founding Principal of International Market Analysis, a Washington, D.C.-based global risk advisory boutique.)Elmer Warming causes extinctionKlein 14~(Naomi Klein, award-winning journalist, syndicated columnist, former Miliband Fellow at the London School of Economics, member of the board of directors of 350.org), This Changes Everything: Capitalism vs. the Climate, pp. 12-14~ Asteroid mining solves water access – only NEOs are sufficiently proximate and hydrated – independently, storing launch fuel on asteroids reduces space debris – turns caseTillman 19 ~(Nola Taylor, has been published in Astronomy, Sky and Telescope, Scientific American, New Scientist, Science News (AAS), Space.com, and Astrobiology magazine, BA in Astrophysics) "Tons of Water in Asteroids Could Fuel Satellites, Space Exploration," Space, 9/29/2019~ JL Inevitable water shortages cause hydro-political conflict escalation which goes nuclearJamail 19 ~(Dahr, writes for Truthout about climate change issues, recipient of the 2008 Martha Gellhorn Prize for Journalism, frequent guest on Democracy Now!) "The World Is on the Brink of Widespread Water Wars," Truth Out, 2/11/2019~ JL | 3/5/22 |
JANFEB DA - Rule of LawTournament: Palm | Round: 4 | Opponent: West Ranch SV | Judge: Lauren Woodall Expanding PTD shatters the entire legal-regulatory balanceHuffman 15 ~James L. Huffman is Dean Emeritus of Lewis and Clark Law School and a Visiting Fellow at the Hoover Institution. He holds degrees from Montana State University (BS), The Fletcher School of Tufts University (MA) and the University of Chicago (JD). "WHY LIBERATING THE PUBLIC TRUST DOCTRINE IS BAD FOR THE PUBLIC." https://law.lclark.edu/live/files/19611-45-2huffman~~ Expanding PTD beyond precedent allows for unchecked judicial activism across the law – the plan applies it everywhere on earth, which ensures circumvention, authoritarianism, and shocks global rule of lawHuffman 15 ~James L. Huffman is Dean Emeritus of Lewis and Clark Law School and a Visiting Fellow at the Hoover Institution. He holds degrees from Montana State University (BS), The Fletcher School of Tufts University (MA) and the University of Chicago (JD). "WHY LIBERATING THE PUBLIC TRUST DOCTRINE IS BAD FOR THE PUBLIC." https://law.lclark.edu/live/files/19611-45-2huffman~~ Rule of law solves warFeldman '8 ~Noah; September 28; Professor of Law at Harvard University School of Law; New York Times, "When Judges Make Foreign Policy," lexis~ SOP decline causes global nuke warDr. G. John Ikenberry 15, PhD in Political Science from the University of Chicago, Albert G. Milbank Professor of Politics and International Affairs at Princeton University in the Department of Politics and the Princeton School of Public and International Affairs, "Getting Hegemony Right", in Korean Attitudes Toward the United States: Changing Dynamics, Ed. Steinberg, p. 17-18 | 2/15/22 |
JANFEB DA - Xi LashoutTournament: Palm | Round: 6 | Opponent: Lexington JB | Judge: Chris Castillo Xi's regime is stable now, but its success depends on strong growth and private sector development.Mitter and Johnson 21 ~Rana Mitter and Elsbeth Johnson, Rana Mitter is a professor of the history and politics of modern China at Oxford. Elsbeth Johnson, formerly the strategy director for Prudential PLC's Asian business, is a senior lecturer at MIT's Sloan School of Management and the founder of SystemShift, a consulting firm. May-June 2021, "What the West Gets Wrong About China," Harvard Business Review, https://hbr.org/2021/05/what-the-west-gets-wrong-about-china accessed 12/14/21~ Adam Shifts in regime perception threatens CCP's legitimacy from nationalist hardlinersWeiss 19 Jessica Weiss 1-29-2019 "Authoritarian Audiences, Rhetoric, and Propaganda in International Crises: Evidence from China" http://www.jessicachenweiss.com/uploads/3/0/6/3/30636001/19-01-24-elite-statements-isq-ca.pdf (Associate Professor of Government at Cornell University)Elmer Xi will launch diversionary war to domestic backlash – escalates in multiple hotspotsNorris 17, William J. Geostrategic Implications of China's Twin Economic Challenges. CFR Discussion Paper, 2017. (Associate professor of Chinese foreign and security policy at Texas AandM University's Bush School of Government and Public Service)Elmer ====US–China war goes nuclear – crisis mis-management ensures conventional escalation - extinction==== | 2/21/22 |
JANFEB PIC - Africa MegaconstellationsTournament: Emory | Round: 5 | Opponent: St Agnes EH | Judge: Luke Bagdon OFFText : The appropriation of outer space by private entities in Africa via Large Satellite Constellations in Lower Earth Orbit for the purposes ofopen-source Earth Observation scienceinternet broadbandand national securityis just.LEO is uniquely accessible to African industry due to cheaper launch and production costs – that solves Earth Observation, internet, national security, and spills over to enrich the economySamanga 21 Ruvimbo Samanga, Zimbabwean scholar and lawyer working with the Space Law and Policy, holds a BA Law (cum laude), an LLB and an LLM in International Trade and Investment Law from the University of Pretoria. "Why Africa Should Expand its Mega-Satellite Constellation Capacity." Space Legal Issues, 3 May. 2021, www.spacelegalissues.com/why-africa-should-expand-its-mega-satellite-constellation-capacity. AND towards increase of space and satellite capacity in an affordable and beneficial manner. LEO Earth Science Observation Satellites uniquely solve a host of environmental threats – pollution, climate change, biod, defo, soil erosionUstin and Middleton 20 Ustin, S.L. ~John Muir Institute of the Environment, University of California, Davis~ , Middleton, E.M ~NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center (Emerita)~. Current and near-term advances in Earth observation for ecological applications. Ecol Process 10, 1 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1186/s13717-020-00255-4 AND conditions have developed from past environmental drivers in order to predict future conditions. Warming causes extinctionDavid Spratt 19, Research Director for Breakthrough National Centre for Climate Restoration, Ian Dunlop, member of the Club of Rome, formerly an international oil, gas and coal industry executive, chairman of the Australian Coal Association, May 2019, "Existential climate-related security risk: A scenario approach," https://docs.wixstatic.com/ugd/148cb0'b2c0c79dc4344b279bcf2365336ff23b.pdf AND the "fat-tail" outcomes, as illustrated in Figure 1. Independent African broadband network key to push out Chinese investment – which kills African democracyTuerk 20 Tuerk, Miriam. CEO and cofounder of Clear Blue Technologies Inc."Africa Is The Next Frontier For The Internet." Forbes, 8 June 2020, www.forbes.com/sites/miriamtuerk/2020/06/09/africa-is-the-next-frontier-for-the-internet/?sh=1f5e9eec4900. AND to secure the future of this region and our economic relationships with it. Chinese expansion in Africa escalates absent democratic relationsMaru 19 - a scholar of peace and security, law and governance, strategy and management, human rights and migration issues. (Mehari, "A new cold war in Africa" Aljazeera. July 1, 2019. DOA: November 17, 2019. https://www.aljazeera.com/indepth/opinion/cold-war-africa-190630102044847.html)//MGalian** AND itself, not on containing and undermining the business of a third party. | 3/5/22 |
JANFEB PIC - Mining and Demilitarize vs ChinaTournament: Palm | Round: Octas | Opponent: Northland Christian LB | Judge: Jacob Nails, Parker Hopkins, Gordon Krauss CP Text: The appropriation of outer space by private entities in the People's Republic of China is unjust except for Space MiningThe People's republic of China- de-militarizing its civilian, military, and commercial space industry. Is justThe Counterplan solves the Case – gets rid of space militarizationIt competes "appropriation" includes "extraction of resources." Comprehensive analysisLeon 18 ~Amanda, JD from UVA~ "Mining for Meaning: An Examination of the Legality of Property Rights in Space Resources" Vol. 104:497, Virginia Law Review, https://www.capdale.com/files/24323_leon_final_note.pdf, 2018 RE | 3/5/22 |
JANFEB T - Appropriation v MiningTournament: Harvard Westlake | Round: 2 | Opponent: Dwight Englewood EK | Judge: Leah Clark Villanueva OFFInterp - "Appropriation of outer space" is exclusive and permanentTIMOTHY JUSTIN TRAPP, JD Candidate @ UIUC Law, ’13 quoting Smith 92, TAKING UP SPACE BY ANY OTHER MEANS: COMING TO TERMS WITH THE NONAPPROPRIATION ARTICLE OF THE OUTER SPACE TREATY UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS LAW REVIEW ~Vol. 2013 No. 4~ AND the Bogotá Declaration were trying to accomplish, albeit through different means.219 Violation: the non-Appropriation principle does not apply to resource extraction. International consensus and rejection of the Moon Treaty support the distinction between sovereign ownership and resource extractionWrench 19 ~John, JD Candidate at Case Western, BA from Pace University~ "Non-Appropriation, No Problem: The Outer Space Treaty Is Ready for Asteroid Mining," Case Western Reserve Journal of International Law, Vol. 51 Issue 1, https://scholarlycommons.law.case.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=2546andcontext=jil, 2019 RE AND of property rights in resources extracted from that land, is nothing new. Prefer:1~ Precision—analogous treaties proveWrench 19 ~John, JD Candidate at Case Western, BA from Pace University~ "Non-Appropriation, No Problem: The Outer Space Treaty Is Ready for Asteroid Mining," Case Western Reserve Journal of International Law, Vol. 51 Issue 1, https://scholarlycommons.law.case.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=2546andcontext=jil, 2019 RE AND in extracted resources despite being restricted from claiming sovereignty over the underlying land. Consensus of the literature votes neg—means our interp is most predictableTronchetti 10 ~Fabio, Co-Director of the Institute of Space Law and Strategy and as a Zhuoyue Associate Professor at Beihang University, PhD in International Space Law from Leiden University~ "The Moon Agreement in the 21st Century: Addressing its Potential Role in the Era of Commercial Exploitation of the Natural Resources of the Moon and Other Celestial Bodies," Journal of Space Law, Vol. 36 No. 2, Winter 2010, https://airandspace.confit.dev/pdfs/jsl-36-2.pdf RE AND .30 This paper shares the opinion of the second group of authors. That o/w any deviation justifies the aff arbitrarily jettisoning words in the resolution at their whim which decks negative ground and preparation because the aff is no longer bounded by the resolution.2~ limits and ground: expanding the topic beyond appropriation allows for affs about any miniscule use of space resources which decimates links to generics which are based on property rights in space and results in a litany of small affirmatives that cause a race to the marginsTopicality is a voting issue that should be evaluated through competing interpretations – it tells the negative what they do and do not have to prepare forNo RVIs—it’s your burden to be topical. | 2/15/22 |
JANFEB T - Appropriation vs PTDTournament: Palm | Round: 4 | Opponent: West Ranch SV | Judge: Lauren Woodall Interpretation: appropriation involves permanent, exclusive use of land and resource extraction. The aff must defend that appropriation of outer space by private entities is unjust.Stephen Gorove, Stephen Gorove (1917-2001) was a space law education pioneer. He served as a professor of space law and director of space studies and policy, from 1991-1998, at the University of Mississippi., 1969 " Interpreting Article II of the Outer Space Treaty" Fordham Law Review, https://ir.lawnet.fordham.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1966andcontext=flr Violation – application of PTD to space isn't permanent, it's context dependent and depends on cost benefit analysisWEF n.d. — ("Public Trust Doctrine." Water Education Foundation, The Water Education Foundation is a nonprofit organization whose goal is to provide unbiased, balanced information on water issues in California and the Southwestern United States. The Foundation's mission, since its founding in 1977, has been "to create a better understanding of water resources and foster public understanding and resolution of water resource issues through facilitation, education and outreach," https://www.watereducation.org/aquapedia/public-trust-doctrine, HKR-AS) Plan text in a vacuum bad for fairness because it allows for incongruency between 99 of the aff and 1 of the aff – the worst version of their model is that the plan text is different from the advantage, so it makes no sense – hold them to reading a plan text defined contextually with the advantageVote neg –1~ Ground – allowing affs to not defend permanent appropriation kills negative ground – we can't read the innovation DA, since they can say innovative appropriation efforts are allowed, we can't read asteroid mining or disads to specific types of appropriation since they can defend an exemption for that, etc. – Since the government gets to interpret whether or not the PTD applies to appropriation in specific instances, the negative can't reasonably predict what the aff defends restricting and what it doesn't. Ground controls the internal link to clash and fairness since the aff makes being neg impossible.T is a voting issue that should be evaluated through competing interps – it tells the negative what to prepare for and reasonability invites judge intervention | 2/15/22 |
JANFEB T - ExtraTournament: CPS | Round: 6 | Opponent: Archbishop Mitty AA | Judge: Alex Baez Extra-T is a voting issue for fairness and education it makes being negative impossible A) Infinitely regressive – they can attach literally anything onto the resolution – that lets them fiat out of Kritik links and any disad by attaching as many words onto the plan as they want | 3/5/22 |
NOVDEC CP - NLRBTournament: Glenbrooks | Round: 7 | Opponent: Strake Jesuit MS | Judge: Gordon Krauss The National Labor Relations Bureau should, after soliciting notice and comment, find that ~US noncompliance~ is a violation of the right to strike.Solves and competes - Notice and comment rulemaking solves the case and spills over to set a precedent that the courts will uphold they haven't read a spillover claim so this solves betterZeisler 14 ~Royce Zeisler, J.D. Candidate 2014, Columbia Law School; B.S., B.A. 2012, University of British Columbia, "CHEVRON DEFERENCE AND THE FTC: HOW AND WHY THE FTC SHOULD USE CHEVRON TO IMPROVE ANTITRUST ENFORCEMENT", Columbia Business Law Review, 2014, HeinOnline~ AND presumption for generalist courts to deploy in deciding the existence of bargaining units. Key to democracy and court acquiescence—-notice and comment engages participants and creates deference.Harry First and Spencer Weber Waller 13. Harry First, New York University School of Law. Spencer Weber Waller, Loyola University Chicago School of Law. "Antitrust’s Democracy Deficit". Fordham Law Review, Volume 81 Issue 5 Article 13. https://ir.lawnet.fordham.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=4890andcontext=flr AND antitrust, the market economy, and the democratic branches of government themselves. US democratic retreat causes terrorism, great power war, famine, and poverty.Garry Kasparov 17. Chairman of the Human Rights Foundation, founded the Renew Democracy Initiative. "Democracy and Human Rights: The Case for U.S. Leadership". Feb 16 2017. U.S. Senate. http://www.foreign.senate.gov/imo/media/doc/021617'Kasparov'20Testimony.pdf AND for having the exceptional courage to always try to be better. Thank you They haven't identified a test case per which the aff would be passed the courts cabn't just pick up anything and choose to do it — there has to be an incoming piece of legislation in the docket that they would rule on where the govt has violated customary international law where they've restricted a strike | 3/5/22 |
NOVDEC DA - Debt CeilingTournament: Glenbrooks | Round: 3 | Opponent: Harvard Westlake CR | Judge: Lena Mizrahi | 3/5/22 |
NOVDEC DA - Debt Ceiling v2Tournament: Glenbrooks | Round: 6 | Opponent: Marlborough JH | Judge: Patrick Fox Debt ceiling passes now and solves collapse, but floor time is limited and avoiding new fights is keyZhou 10/7 ~Li, politics and policy reporter for Vox, "The debt ceiling fight is far from over" https://www.vox.com/22711441/debt-ceiling-congress-december~~ AND have to do so while fighting over how to avoid a government shutdown. Plan is the worst of both worlds – progressives think it’s not enough and moderates think its too radicalBroadwater and Edmondson 20 ~Luke; Catie; political reporters; "Police Groups Wield Strong Influence in Congress, Resisting the Strictest Reforms"; The New York Times; https://www.nytimes.com/2020/06/25/us/politics/police-reforms-congress.html~~ AND at least for now, that their legislation is not even worth debating. Nuke warJomo Kwame Sundaram and Vladimir Popov 19. Former economics professor, was United Nations Assistant Secretary-General for Economic Development, and received the Wassily Leontief Prize for Advancing the Frontiers of Economic Thought in 2007. Former senior economics researcher in the Soviet Union, Russia and the United Nations Secretariat, is now Research Director at the Dialogue of Civilizations Research Institute in Berlin "Economic Crisis Can Trigger World War." http://www.ipsnews.net/2019/02/economic-crisis-can-trigger-world-war/. AND undertaking pre-emptive collective action, as difficult as that may be. | 2/2/22 |
NOVDEC DA - Debt Ceiling v3Tournament: Glenbrooks | Round: 7 | Opponent: Strake Jesuit MS | Judge: Gordon Krauss Passes now, but floor time is keySheffey 11/18 ~Ayelet, staff reporter for Business Insider with a focus on Capitol Hill. "Mitch McConnell shrugs off Trump’s taunts and attempts to defuse the debt ceiling crisis" https://www.businessinsider.nl/mitch-mcconnell-shrugs-off-trumps-taunts-and-attempts-to-defuse-the-debt-ceiling-crisis/~~ AND stressed the need for the matter to be addressed in a bipartisan way. Manchin and Sinema would fight the plan – that’s a massive floor time suckHarold 21 ~Zack, staf reporter for The Guardian, "US minimum wage activists face their toughest foe: Democrat Joe Manchin" https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2021/feb/22/us-15-dollar-minimum-wage-joe-manchin-west-virginia~~ AND want the minimum wage increase to be part of the Covid relief package. Debt default is the easiest way to wreck the US economy—ruins the US dollar and financial reputationEgan 9/8 ~Matt Egan is an award-winning reporter at CNN, covering business, the economy and financial markets across CNN's television and digital platforms, "'Financial Armageddon.' What's at stake if the debt limit isn't raised", 9/8/21, https://www.cnn.com/2021/09/08/business/debt-ceiling-default-explained/index.html~~ AND billion in fiscal 2020, would quickly rival what Washington spends on defense. Nuke warJomo Kwame Sundaram and Vladimir Popov 19. Former economics professor, was United Nations Assistant Secretary-General for Economic Development, and received the Wassily Leontief Prize for Advancing the Frontiers of Economic Thought in 2007. Former senior economics researcher in the Soviet Union, Russia and the United Nations Secretariat, is now Research Director at the Dialogue of Civilizations Research Institute in Berlin "Economic Crisis Can Trigger World War." http://www.ipsnews.net/2019/02/economic-crisis-can-trigger-world-war/. AND undertaking pre-emptive collective action, as difficult as that may be. | 3/5/22 |
NOVDEC DA - Oil SpillsTournament: Glenbrooks | Round: 6 | Opponent: Marlborough JH | Judge: Patrick Fox Low wages and labor law exemptions are key for pandemic and national disaster response, the AFF makes this impossible – even the NAACP isn’t supporting strike tactics and advocates for "gentle advice"Kutz 21 (Jessica Kutz – Assistant Editor for High Country News who is interviewing Carlee Purdum who researches incarcerated labor conditions and trends, "The essential — and dangerous — work prisoners do: Incarcerated people respond to pandemics, wildfires, avian flu outbreaks, mudslides and more", https://www.hcn.org/articles/south-labor-the-essential-and-dangerous-work-prisoners-do, 23 April 2021, EmmieeM) AND visible and to hold those agencies accountable for how they are treating people. Lack of quick oil spill response (OSR) is an existential threat – innovative clean-up tech has slowed and barriers prevent alternate prevention measures or different actors solving, citing meta analysis of studies and spills from 67’ to nowLittle et al 21 (David I. Little (Environmental Consultancy @ Cambridgeshire), Stephen R.J. Sheppard (Collaboration for Advanced Landscape Planning and Department of Forest Resource Management @ Faculty of Foresty @ University of British Columbia), David Hulme (Global Development Institute @ University of Manchester), "A perspective on oil spills: What we should have learned about global warming", https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0964569120304166, Ocean and Coastal Management, Volume 202, 1 March 2021, EmmieeM) AND avoid the conclusion that industry, governments and people must now rapidly decarbonise. | 2/2/22 |
NOVDEC T - ATournament: Glenbrooks | Round: 6 | Opponent: Marlborough JH | Judge: Patrick Fox Interpretation—the aff may not specify a just governmentRules readings are always generalized – specific instances are not consistent. Cohen 01Ariel Cohen (Ben-Gurion University of the Negev), "On the Generic Use of Indefinite Singulars," Journal of Semantics 18:3, 2001 https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/188590876.pdf** AND , it suddenly changes¶ direction, for example to avoid hitting something. That outweighs—only our evidence speaks to how indefinite singulars are interpreted in the context of normative statements like the resolution. This means throw out aff counter-interpretations that are purely descriptiveViolation—they specified the United StatesVote neg:1~ Precision –any deviation justifies the aff arbitrarily jettisoning words in the resolution at their whim which decks negative ground and preparation because the aff is no longer bounded by the resolution.2~ Limits—specifying a just government offers huge explosion in the topic since they get permutations of hundreds of governments in the world depending on their definition of "just government".TVA Solves — read it as an advantage Topicality is a voting issue that should be evaluated through competing interpretations – it tells the negative what they do and do not have to prepare forNo RVIs—it’s your burden to be topical. | 2/2/22 |
SEPTOCT CP - DonationsTournament: Valley | Round: 3 | Opponent: Strath Haven AM | Judge: Cyrus Jackson CP: France, Germany, Sweden, and Italy should:substantially increase COVID vaccine production to meet the global demand Eliminating IPR for vaccines gives China a massive competitive edge on innovation broadly – tanks pharma, undermines pandemic response, and tech leadership – BUT domestic production and distribution solvesOkutsu and Sharma 21 ~Akane, staff writer for Nikkei International, and Kiran, LPC, The College of Law, Guildford, 1997 BA (Hons), Law, Gonville and Caius College, Cambridge University, 1996. "Vaccine Patent Waiver: COVID Stopper or Innovation Killer?" https://asia.nikkei.com/Spotlight/Coronavirus/COVID-vaccines/Vaccine-patent-waiver-COVID-stopper-or-innovation-killer~~ AND Health Organization's~ COVAX initiative to purchase and distribute vaccines to developing countries." Biopharma innovation is key to overall competitiveness – US still has a razor thin lead but IP is uniquely keyEzell 20 ~Stephen Ezell, Director of Global Innovation Policy at the Information Technology and Innovation Foundation (ITIF). "Ensuring U.S. Biopharmaceutical Competitiveness." 7/16/20. https://itif.org/publications/2020/07/16/ensuring-us-biopharmaceutical-competitiveness~~ AND time for Washington to articulate and embrace a robust national biopharmaceutical competitiveness strategy. Chinese tech leadership causes nuke warKroenig and Gopalaswamy 18, *Associate Professor of Government and Foreign Service at Georgetown University and Deputy Director for Strategy in the Scowcroft Center for Strategy and Security at the Atlantic Council. Director of the South Asia Center at the Atlantic Council. He holds a PhD in mechanical engineering with a specialization in numerical acoustics from Trinity College, Dublin. (Matthew and Bharath, 11-12-2018, "Will disruptive technology cause nuclear war?", Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists, https://thebulletin.org/2018/11/will-disruptive-technology-cause-nuclear-war/) AND second-strike capabilities, but to preserve prevailing power balances more broadly. | 3/5/22 |
SEPTOCT DA - Climate PatentsTournament: St Marks | Round: 1 | Opponent: Marlborough JK | Judge: David Dosch AND the biotech sector addressing climate change may be next on the chopping block. Only a strong private sector can solve climate changeGulker 19 ~Max Gulker, 2-11-2019, "How a Strong Private Sector Will Address Climate Change," AIER, https://www.aier.org/article/how-a-strong-private-sector-will-address-climate-change/~~ AND –truly unleashing global knowledge and ingenuity to address changes around the world. Climate change is existential and emerging technology is keyEspinosa 20 ~Patricia Espinosa 04-xx-2020Frontier technologies to protect the environment and tackle climate change https://www.itu.int/en/action/environment-and-climate-change/Documents/frontier-technologies-to-protect-the-environment-and-tackle-climate-change.pdf~~ AND countries on the path to low-carbon and climate-resilient development. | 3/5/22 |
SEPTOCT DA - Climate Patents v2Tournament: St Marks | Round: Octas | Opponent: Harvard Westlake IC | Judge: Gerard Grigsby, Annabelle Long, Colton Gilbert AND the biotech sector addressing climate change may be next on the chopping block. Only a strong private sector can solve climate changeGulker 19 ~Max Gulker, 2-11-2019, "How a Strong Private Sector Will Address Climate Change," AIER, https://www.aier.org/article/how-a-strong-private-sector-will-address-climate-change/~~ AND –truly unleashing global knowledge and ingenuity to address changes around the world. Climate change is existential and emerging technology is keyEspinosa 20 ~Patricia Espinosa 04-xx-2020Frontier technologies to protect the environment and tackle climate change https://www.itu.int/en/action/environment-and-climate-change/Documents/frontier-technologies-to-protect-the-environment-and-tackle-climate-change.pdf~~ AND countries on the path to low-carbon and climate-resilient development. Warming causes extinctionKlein 14~(Naomi Klein, award-winning journalist, syndicated columnist, former Miliband Fellow at the London School of Economics, member of the board of directors of 350.org), This Changes Everything: Capitalism vs. the Climate, pp. 12-14~ AND that global warming poses a clear and present danger to civilization." | 3/5/22 |
SEPTOCT DA - CounterfeitsTournament: Valley | Round: 5 | Opponent: MSJ SB | Judge: Spencer Orlowski CaseLink alone turns the case – the plan makes counterfeiting far more likely, hitting developing countries the hardest.McDole, JD, and Ezell, BS, 21 – Jaci McDole ~JD with a specialization in IP from SIU Carbondale, Senior Policy Analyst @ Information Technology and Innovation Foundation~ and Stephen Ezell ~VP of Global Innovation Policy @ Information Technology and Innovation Foundation, BS from Georgetown School of Foreign Service~, "Ten Ways IP Has Enabled Innovations That Have Helped Sustain the World Through the Pandemic," No Publication, 4-29-2021 https://itif.org/publications/2021/04/29/ten-ways-ip-has-enabled-innovations-have-helped-sustain-world-through C.VC AND control and helps manufacturers maintain a level of public confidence in their products. Outweighs the aff – counterfeit medicines cause tens of thousands of preventable deaths.Reuters 17, "Tens of thousands dying from $30 billion fake drugs trade, WHO says," 11-28-2017, https://www.reuters.com/article/us-pharmaceuticals-fakes/tens-of-thousands-dying-from-30-billion-fake-drugs-trade-who-says-idUSKBN1DS1XJ C.VC AND , threatening to undermine the power of life-saving medicines in future. | 2/2/22 |
SEPTOCT DA - Debt CeilingTournament: Valley | Round: 3 | Opponent: Strath Haven AM | Judge: Cyrus Jackson Debt limit and government funding will pass now—everything else is delayedBRESNAHAN 9/15 ~JOHN BRESNAHAN, ANNA PALMER AND JAKE SHERMAN, Punchbowl News Legislataive Outlook 9/15, https://email.punchbowl.news/t/ViewEmailArchive/t/E48C6AF0C3714E452540EF23F30FEDED/C67FD2F38AC4859C/~~ AND , but it’s the reality we hear privately in the Capitol. Medical IP takes time, energy, and political capital away from domestic legislation – big pharma and EU alliesBhadrakumar 5/9 M K Bhadrakumar is a former Indian diplomat. "Biden’s talk of vaccine IP waiver is political theater." Asia Times, May 9, 2021, asiatimes.com/2021/05/bidens-talk-of-vaccine-ip-waiver-is-political-theater. AND , the European Union and the US, who all opposed the idea. Agenda change has a cascading effectJoly 19, ~Jeroen Joly is a Doctor Assistant at Universiteit Gent, Punctuated equilibrium theory and foreign policy, The research for this chapter was financially supported by the French Ministry of the Armed Forces, Directorate General for International Relations and Strategy (DGRIS), https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Jeroen'Joly/publication/331073786'Punctuated'equilibrium'theory'and'foreign'policy/links/5c66ec3092851c1c9de446f2/Punctuated-equilibrium-theory-and-foreign-policy.pdf~~ AND foreign policy issues (Edwards and Wood 1999; Wood and Peake 1998). Debt default is the easiest way to wreck the US economy—ruins the US dollar and financial reputationEgan 9/8 ~Matt Egan is an award-winning reporter at CNN, covering business, the economy and financial markets across CNN's television and digital platforms, "'Financial Armageddon.' What's at stake if the debt limit isn't raised", 9/8/21, https://www.cnn.com/2021/09/08/business/debt-ceiling-default-explained/index.html~~ AND billion in fiscal 2020, would quickly rival what Washington spends on defense. ExtinctionJoshua Zoffer 20, Investor at Cove Hill Partners, Fellow at New America, JD Candidate at Yale University Law School, AB from Harvard University, "To End Forever War, Keep the Dollar Globally Dominant", The New Republic, 2/3/2020, https://newrepublic.com/article/156417/end-forever-war-keep-dollar-globally-dominant AND consortium of countries is prepared to fund, such as climate change mitigation. | 3/5/22 |
SEPTOCT DA - Drug PricingTournament: Long Beach | Round: 6 | Opponent: Mitty AA | Judge: Saketh Kotapati OFFDrug price reform coming now – fight is ramping up but Biden has the opportunityCancryn 9/9 Cancryn, Adam. Adam Cancryn is a health care reporter for POLITICO Pro, graduate of Washington and Lee University."Biden admin backs direct government drug price negotiations." POLITICO, 9 Sept. 2021, www.politico.com/news/2021/09/09/biden-drug-price-negotiations-510828. AND at improving competition across a range of industries, including the drug sector. Biden’s PC is key to wrangle democrats and counter pharma lobbyingJohnson 8/12 Johnson, Jake, writer for Alternet . "Joe Biden throws support behind bold reforms to slash drug prices." Alternet, August 12, 2021, www.alternet.org/2021/08/biden-medicare-negotiate-prices. AND capital to push for congressional action at a pivotal moment in the debate." External action takes time, energy, and political capital away from domestic legislation – big pharma and EU alliesBhadrakumar 5/9 M K Bhadrakumar is a former Indian diplomat. "Biden’s talk of vaccine IP waiver is political theater." Asia Times, May 9, 2021, asiatimes.com/2021/05/bidens-talk-of-vaccine-ip-waiver-is-political-theater. AND , the European Union and the US, who all opposed the idea. Drug price controls massively reduce healthcare costs across the board – even assuming conservative modelsGamba 6/9 Gamba, Tyler. Author at the AJMC. "Adoption of the Lower Drug Costs Now Act May Lead to Billions in Savings." AJMC, 9 June 2021, www.ajmc.com/view/adoption-of-the-lower-drug-costs-now-act-may-lead-to-billions-in-savings. AND on the significant portion it pays toward member premiums in the individual marketplaces. Collapses the economyHowrigon, 16 — Ron Howrigon, M.S. in Economics with a focus on Health Economics from North Carolina State University, President and Founder of Fulcrum Strategies, 18 Years of Experience in Healthcare, 12-30-2016, "Flatlining: How Healthcare Could Kill the U.S. Economy," Greenbranch Publishing, 1st Edition, Accessed via Minnesota Libraries, Date Accessed: 8-10 AND resulting fallout could be could be much worse than even the housing crisis. Economic decline causes nuclear warTønnesson, 15 — Stein Tønnesson, Leader of East Asia Peace program at Uppsala University, Research Professor at the Peace Research Institute Oslo, "Deterrence, Interdependence and Sino–US Peace" International Area Studies Review, Review Essay, Volume 18, Issue 3, Pages 297-311, SAGE Journals, Minnesota Libraries, Date Accessed: 8-4 AND each other, with a view to obliging Washington or Beijing to intervene. | 2/2/22 |
SEPTOCT DA - GridTournament: St Marks | Round: 6 | Opponent: Harvard Westlake KD | Judge: Danielle Dosch Infrastructure and reconciliation are the priority now. they’ll pass by new deadlineAlemany 10/12 ~Jacqueline Alemany and Theodoric Meyer, "The new deadline to pass Biden's agenda is coming up fast", 10/12/21, https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/2021/10/13/new-deadline-pass-biden-agenda-is-coming-up-fast/~~ AND We’re experts at coming right up against the edge and pulling a miracle." Pushing a WTO Waiver takes time, energy, and political capital away from domestic legislation – big pharma and EU alliesBhadrakumar 5/9 M K Bhadrakumar is a former Indian diplomat. "Biden’s talk of vaccine IP waiver is political theater." Asia Times, May 9, 2021, asiatimes.com/2021/05/bidens-talk-of-vaccine-ip-waiver-is-political-theater. AND , the European Union and the US, who all opposed the idea. Quickly secures the vulnerable grid.Carney 21 ~Chris, August 6; Senior Policy Advisor at Nossaman LLC, former US Representative, Former Professor of Political Science at Penn State University; JD Supra, "The US Senate Infrastructure Bill: Securing Our Electrical Grid Through P3s and Grants," https://www.jdsupra.com/legalnews/the-us-senate-infrastructure-bill-4989100/~~ AND partnerships and grants, the nation can quickly secure its infrastructure from cyberattacks. Grid vulnerabilities spark nuclear war.Klare 19 ~Michael; November; Professor Emeritus of Peace and World Security Studies at Hampshire College; Arms Control Association, "Cyber Battles, Nuclear Outcomes? Dangerous New Pathways to Escalation," https://www.armscontrol.org/act/2019-11/features/cyber-battles-nuclear-outcomes-dangerous-new-pathways-escalation~~ AND such attacks "could lead to major conflict and possibly nuclear war."14 | 3/5/22 |
SEPTOCT DA - Grid v2Tournament: St Marks | Round: Octas | Opponent: Harvard Westlake IC | Judge: Gerard Grigsby, Annabelle Long, Colton Gilbert Infrastructure and reconciliation are the priority now. they’ll pass by new deadlineAlemany 10/12 ~Jacqueline Alemany and Theodoric Meyer, "The new deadline to pass Biden's agenda is coming up fast", 10/12/21, https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/2021/10/13/new-deadline-pass-biden-agenda-is-coming-up-fast/~~ AND We’re experts at coming right up against the edge and pulling a miracle." Infrastructure must pass by end of the month – it’s tight now and maintaining Dem unity is key.Foran 10/18 ~Clare Foran, CNN Politics, "Capitol Hill Democrats face tough choices over major economic package in pivotal week ahead", 10/18/21, https://www.cnn.com/2021/10/18/politics/congress-economic-package-week-ahead/index.html~~ AND must aim to do that in the month of October," he added. Pelosi can pass infrastructure, but it’s razor-thin and depends on Biden’s PC with Manchin – any other obstacle, she can beat.Barabak 10/18 ~Mark Z. Barabak, LA Times, "For Nancy Pelosi, maybe one last chance to do something really, really big", 10/18/21, https://www.latimes.com/politics/story/2021-10-18/pelosi-push-biden-infrastructure-bill-political-test~~ AND she told reporters who broached the R (as in retirement) word. Pushing a Waiver takes time, energy, and political capital away from domestic legislation – big pharma and EU alliesBhadrakumar 5/9 M K Bhadrakumar is a former Indian diplomat. "Biden’s talk of vaccine IP waiver is political theater." Asia Times, May 9, 2021, asiatimes.com/2021/05/bidens-talk-of-vaccine-ip-waiver-is-political-theater. AND , the European Union and the US, who all opposed the idea. Quickly secures the vulnerable grid.Carney 21 ~Chris, August 6; Senior Policy Advisor at Nossaman LLC, former US Representative, Former Professor of Political Science at Penn State University; JD Supra, "The US Senate Infrastructure Bill: Securing Our Electrical Grid Through P3s and Grants," https://www.jdsupra.com/legalnews/the-us-senate-infrastructure-bill-4989100/~~ AND partnerships and grants, the nation can quickly secure its infrastructure from cyberattacks. Grid vulnerabilities spark nuclear war.Klare 19 ~Michael; November; Professor Emeritus of Peace and World Security Studies at Hampshire College; Arms Control Association, "Cyber Battles, Nuclear Outcomes? Dangerous New Pathways to Escalation," https://www.armscontrol.org/act/2019-11/features/cyber-battles-nuclear-outcomes-dangerous-new-pathways-escalation~~ AND such attacks "could lead to major conflict and possibly nuclear war."14 | 3/5/22 |
SEPTOCT DA - HempTournament: St Marks | Round: Doubles | Opponent: Southlake Carroll EP | Judge: Danielle Dosch, David Dosch, Anabelle Long Ambiguous standards deter international hemp investment now – regulatory harmonization unlocks hemp development globallyLatner 21 ~Kevin, NIHC Vice President for Trade and Marketing. "EXPORT MARKET DEVELOPMENT: U.S. INDUSTRIAL HEMP’S UNITED FRONT" https://hempindustrial.com/export-market-development-u-s-industrial-hemps-united-front/~~ AND regulatory changes increasingly limit U.S. export opportunities to hemp fiber. Hemp biofuels help achieve energy independence which lowers global oil pricesKeller 13 ~Nicole Keller, "NOTE: THE LEGALIZATION OF INDUSTRIAL HEMP AND WHAT IT COULD MEAN FOR INDIANA'S BIOFUEL INDUSTRY," Indiana International and Comparative Law Review 23 Ind. Int'l and Comp. L. Rev. 555, Lexis~ AND 64 largely because industrial hemp is illegal to grow in the United States. Price collapse causes Russian nuclear warFelgenhauer 16 AND to be dominated by the Chechens to seriously contemplate outright secession from Russia. | 3/5/22 |
SEPTOCT DA - InnovationTournament: Long Beach | Round: 3 | Opponent: Peninsula EL | Judge: Jan Wimmer InnovationPharmaceutical innovation is accelerating now – new medicines are substantially better than existing treatments.Wills, MBA, and Lipkus, PhD, 20 – Todd J. Wills ~Managing Director @ Chemical Abstracts Service, MBA from THE Ohio State University~ and Alan H. Lipkus ~Senior Data Analyst @ Chemical Abstracts Service, PhD Physical Chemistry from the University of Rochester~, "Structural Approach to Assessing the Innovativeness of New Drugs Finds Accelerating Rate of Innovation," ACS Medicinal Chemistry Letters, Vol. 11, 2020, https://pubs.acs.org/doi/pdf/10.1021/acsmedchemlett.0c00319 C.VC AND never been used as the basis for a molecule) to further explore. The biopharmaceutical industry is uniquely reliant on IP protections – undermining them would kill innovation by making an already expensive process completely unfeasible.Kristina M. Lybecker, PhD, 17 ~PhD Economics, Associate Professor of Economics @ Colorado College~, "Intellectual Property Rights Protection and the Biopharmaceutical Industry: How Canada Measures Up," Fraser Institute, January 2017, https://www.fraserinstitute.org/sites/default/files/intellectual-property-rights-protection-and-the20biopharmaceutical-industry.pdf C.VC AND shaping the biopharmaceutical industry, its profitability, productivity, and innovative future. Pharmaceutical innovation is key to protecting against future pandemics, bioterrorism, and antibiotic resistance.Marjanovic and Fejiao ‘20 Marjanovic, Sonja, and Carolina Feijao. Sonja Marjanovic, Ph.D., Judge Business School, University of Cambridge. Carolina Feijao, Ph.D. in biochemistry, University of Cambridge; M.Sc. in quantitive biology, Imperial College London; B.Sc. in biology, University of Lisbon. "Pharmaceutical Innovation for Infectious Disease Management: From Troubleshooting to Sustainable Models of Engagement." (2020). ~Quality Control~ AND health threats to an even greater extent under improved innova-tion conditions. Bioterrorism and future pandemics cause extinction.Hamish De Bretton-Gordon, CBRN Expert @ British Army, 20 ~Director @ DBG Defense, Consultant on CBRN and Biosecurity~, "Biosecurity in the Wake of COVID-19: The Urgent Action Needed," Combatting Terrorism Center Sentinel, November/December 2020, Volume 13, Issue 11, https://ctc.usma.edu/biosecurity-in-the-wake-of-covid-19-the-urgent-action-needed/ C.VC AND forward, there should no higher priority for the international community than biosecurity. | 2/2/22 |
SEPTOCT K - CapTournament: Pres | Round: 2 | Opponent: Sequoia AS | Judge: Amy Nyberg Regulating intellectual property participates in a scarcity logic that re-affirms a broader market ownership over information – that consolidates neoliberal control through a shift to private protections, even if the individual act of the aff is goodSoderberg 1 ~Johan, BA from Falmouth College of the Arts. "Copyleft vs Copyright: A Marxist Critique" https://firstmonday.org/article/view/938/860~~** AND 32~. It is predominantly this struggle that I now will attend to. IP tinkering represents a myopic focus on making capitalism nicer, but only legitimates the broader process of informatic commodification as integral to class violenceSoderberg 1 ~Johan, BA from Falmouth College of the Arts. "Copyleft vs Copyright: A Marxist Critique" https://firstmonday.org/article/view/938/860~~** AND But because of the intangible nature of information, contradictions emerges out of attempts Capitalism is quickly reaching its ecological, structural, and psychological limits and causes near-term extinction – laundry list.Robinson 16 (William, Professor of sociology, global studies and Latin American studies at the University of California at Santa Barbara. His most recent book is Global Capitalism and the Crisis of Humanity. | "Sadistic Capitalism: Six Urgent Matters for Humanity in Global Crisis" in Truth-out, April 12, 2016. http://www.truth-out.org/opinion/item/35596-sadistic-capitalism-six-urgent-matters-for-humanity-in-global-crisis )tbrooks AND financial system, despite a series of emergency summits to discuss such regulation. The alternative is to engage in anticapitalism, an act of radical resistance grounded in grassroots movements. Anticapitalism does not represent an unattainable utopia but challenges common myths about capitalism as a whole.Rogers 14 (Chris Rogers, author, Capitalism and Its Alternatives: A Critical Introduction, Zed Books, 2014. ProQuest Ebook Central, https://ebookcentral-proquest-com.proxy.lib.umich.edu/lib/umichigan/detail.action?docID=1758713.) AM AND , and in turn motivated action in order to try to address them. | 2/2/22 |
SEPTOCT K - Cap v Gender HackingTournament: Valley | Round: 5 | Opponent: MSJ SB | Judge: Spencer Orlowski CAPThe aff ignores the effects of capitalism on identities — sexual identity was marked as less valuable because queer bodies could not reproduce in the same way heterosexual bodies could — we are winning a sequencing argument that should frame how you view the 1ar responsesHennessy 2k AND into the power of more obvious and perhaps more compelling ways of seeing. Sexual rights rely on a neoliberal conception of negative freedom that defines autonomy as consumption independent of state regulation – this precludes an intersectional analysis that can achieve equality and justice better than the AFFs token inclusionMullins 8—Greg, is author of Colonial Affairs: Bowles, Burroughs, and Chester Write Tangier. He teaches comparative literature and human rights at Evergreen State College. "Dionne Brand's Poetics of Recognition: Reframing Sexual Rights," Callaloo 30.4 1100-1109, Project Muse AND recognition by a liberal state as a precondition for staking claims of justice. Our critique independently outweighs the case - neoliberalism causes extinction and massive social inequalities Farbod 15 ( Faramarz Farbod , PhD Candidate @ Rutgers, Prof @ Moravian College, Monthly Review, http://mrzine.monthlyreview.org/2015/farbod020615.html, 6-2) AND enhancing natural and social systems will soon reach a point of no return. Vote negative to place the force of the ballot behind the Communist Party. The method of the Party is distinct and exclusive with the method of the 1AC—-a negative ballot foregrounds political organization and commonality against capitalJodi Dean 16, Professor of Political Theory at Hobart and William Smith Colleges, 2016, Crowds and Party AND crowds disperse, channeling its divisive promise of justice into organized political struggle. They don't get a permutation—a permutation is a test of competitiveness between policy options—that model doesn't make sense when the debate is between amorphous philosophical positions because you can't really tie them down to anything – they have no clear standard for competition which forces the neg to answer the aff while negotiating competitionMutual aid groups help get medicine for eachother | 2/2/22 |
SEPTOCT T - Framework v Gender HackingTournament: Valley | Round: 5 | Opponent: MSJ SB | Judge: Spencer Orlowski TInterp: Affirmatives must defend that the member nations of the World Trade Organization ought to reduce intellectual property protections for medicines This does not require the use of any particular style, type of evidence, or assumption about the role of the judge — only that the topic should determine the debate’s subject matter.Resolved" means enactment of a law.Words and Phrases 64 Words and Phrases Permanent Edition (Multi-volume set of judicial definitions). "Resolved". 1964. AND ," which is defined by Bouvier as meaning "to establish by law". WTO is an international trade organizationWTO ~"What is the WTO?"~ ~DS~ AND producers of goods and services, exporters, and importers conduct their business. Violation – ~insert~No I meets – at best they’re still extra T which kills ground and engagement because they can use it to solve back our links TVA- ~Defend the actual implementation of removing IPP — the aff is very close to wholeres~ – you can still include performance and the criticism. Disads to the TVA prove neg ground and no right to a perfect 1acSwitch side debate – critiques of liberalism and permformance can be read on the neg – solves dogmatism by testing different viewpoints Vote Neg – their interpretation eviscerates negative ground because they’ll say no implementation makes the results of the aff irrelevant – kills negative engagement and testing which internal link turns any terminal impact to debate. — proven by 1ac cx shiftinessOtherwise, they have passive opinions without meaningful advocacy – MeToo, BlackLives Matter, and other movements are grounded in particular policies that can help marginalized people – they abstract from those impacts which means movement failure is inevitable and its likely they support worse, dogmatic policies that harm marginalized people more, which internal link turns the aff.Nations bad isn’t offense against topicality bc they don’t have to endorse the state, just have an opinion on it AND you can criticize the nation bc you defend a change from the squoDrop the debater – the round shouldn’t have happened in the first placeNo RVIs – this includes impact turns and independent voting issues – | 2/2/22 |
SEPTOCT T - Implement v BellerTournament: St Marks | Round: Quarters | Opponent: Homestead SL | Judge: Ari Davidson, Colton Gilbert, Jonathan Hsu This does not require the use of any particular style, type of evidence, or assumption about the role of the judge — only that the topic should determine the debate’s subject matter.Resolved" means enactment of a law.Words and Phrases 64 Words and Phrases Permanent Edition (Multi-volume set of judicial definitions). "Resolved". 1964. AND ," which is defined by Bouvier as meaning "to establish by law". WTO is an international trade organizationWTO ~"What is the WTO?"~ ~DS~ AND producers of goods and services, exporters, and importers conduct their business. Violation – ~they defend hapticality w/o the consequences of the aff~No I meets – at best they’re still extra T which kills ground and engagement because they can use it to solve back our linksTVA- ~Read the vaccine apartheid aff it makes the exast argument that you claim proven by their taglines~ – it necessarily solves all of the affs offense. Disads to the TVA prove neg ground and no right to a perfect 1acSwitch side debate – critiques of liberalism and permformance can be read on the neg – solves dogmatism by testing different viewpointsVote Neg – their interpretation eviscerates negative ground because they’ll say no implementation makes the results of the aff irrelevant – kills negative engagement and testing which internal link turns any terminal impact to debate. — proven by 1ac cx shiftinessOtherwise, they have passive opinions without meaningful advocacy – MeToo, BlackLives Matter, and other movements are grounded in particular policies that can help marginalized people – they abstract from those impacts which means movement failure is inevitable and its likely they support worse, dogmatic policies that harm marginalized people more, which internal link turns the aff. | 3/5/22 |
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3/5/22 | 23muzzik@studentsharkerorg |
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3/5/22 | 23muzzik@studentsharkerorg |
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3/5/22 | 23muzzik@studentsharkerorg |
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3/5/22 | 23muzzik@studentsharkerorg |
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3/5/22 | 23muzzik@studentsharkerorg |
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3/5/22 | 23muzzik@studentsharkerorg |
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3/5/22 | 23muzzik@studentsharkerorg |
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2/2/22 | 23muzzik@studentsharkerorg |
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2/17/22 | 23muzzik@studentsharkerorg |
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3/5/22 | 23muzzik@studentsharkerorg |
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