Dulles Zahid Aff
| Tournament | Round | Opponent | Judge | Cites | Round Report | Open Source | Edit/Delete |
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| Contact Info | Finals | Tommers the Clown | Mean Mehra |
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| Loyola | 2 | Strake JK | Truman Le |
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| Tournament | Round | Report |
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| Contact Info | Finals | Opponent: Tommers the Clown | Judge: Mean Mehra mean mehra == arun mehra |
| Loyola | 2 | Opponent: Strake JK | Judge: Truman Le ac - kant |
To modify or delete round reports, edit the associated round.
Cites
| Entry | Date |
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0 - Contact InfoTournament: Contact Info | Round: Finals | Opponent: Tommers the Clown | Judge: Mean Mehra Best Ways to Reach Me If in the unlikely scenario that I don't respond to any of them you should bother Tommy Yu and he'll let me know! 0 = InformationGenerics | 9/4/21 |
1 - AC - KantTournament: Loyola | Round: 2 | Opponent: Strake JK | Judge: Truman Le Round 2 – AC - LoyolaFWThe standard is consistency with a Kantian system of equal and outer freedom:Agency is constitutive and inescapable since to engage in anything one must engage in agency. Even when agents attempt to assess whether they should participate as agents, they are closed under the operation of reflective rational assessment. Thus, agents must be able to pursue their ends independent of the choices of others or else their reasoning wouldn't produce an action and wouldn't be practical.That justifies universalizable endsabsent universal ethics morality becomes arbitrary and fails to guide action, making ethics uselessa priori principles like reason apply to everyone since they are independent of human experience andany non-universalizable norm justifies someone's ability to impede on your ends i.e. if I want to eat ice cream, I must recognize that others may affect my pursuit of that end and demand the value of my end be recognized by others. This also makes universalizability a side-constraint on ends-based frameworks.It's impossible to will a violation of freedom since deciding to do would will incompatible ends since it logically entails willing a violation of your own freedom. Constraints are necessary to retain the value of freedom which implies that one cannot hinder the freedom of others.To clarify:~1~ The standard evaluates actions based upon their intrinsic nature, not foreseen consequences:~A~ To account for all foreseen impacts would prevent action because individuals would become morally culpable for all actions and states of affairs not just those that factor into the will~B~ Induction is circular because it relies on the assumption that nature will hold uniform and we could only reach that conclusion through inductive reasoning based on observation of past events and~C~ Prediction is impossible. Any action can lead to a domino effect that can have disastrous impacts in the end. For example, if I drop a pen, it could land on a Faultline triggering an earthquake.Prefer the standard:~1~ Performativity—freedom is the key to the process of justification of arguments. Willing that we should abide by their ethical theory presupposes that we own ourselves in the first place. Thus, it is logically incoherent to justify a standard without first willing that we can pursue ends free from others.I affirm - The member nations of the World Trade Organization ought to reduce intellectual property protections for medicines by implementing a one-and-done approach for patent protection.Feldman 3 Robin Feldman 2-11-2019 "'One-and-done' for new drugs could cut patent thickets and boost generic competition" https://www.statnews.com/2019/02/11/drug-patent-protection-one-done/ (Arthur J. Goldberg Distinguished Professor of Law, Albert Abramson '54 Distinguished Professor of Law Chair, and Director of the Center for Innovation)SidK + Elmer Lower Drug Prices and incentivize Pharma Innovation by revitalizing the Market.Stanbrook 13, Matthew B. "Limiting "evergreening" for a better balance of drug innovation incentives." (2013): 939-939. (MD (University of Toronto) PhD (University of Toronto))Elmer We are in an innovation crisis – new drugs are not being developed in favor of re-purposing old drugs to infinitely extend patent expiration.Feldman 1 Robin Feldman 2-11-2019 "'One-and-done' for new drugs could cut patent thickets and boost generic competition" https://www.statnews.com/2019/02/11/drug-patent-protection-one-done/ (Arthur J. Goldberg Distinguished Professor of Law, Albert Abramson '54 Distinguished Professor of Law Chair, and Director of the Center for Innovation)SidK + Elmer 80 of all new patents are not new drugs but old ones.Feldman 2 Robin Feldman 18, May your drug price be evergreen, Journal of Law and the Biosciences, Volume 5, Issue 3, December 2018, Pages 590–647, https://doi.org/10.1093/jlb/lsy022 Arthur J. Goldberg Distinguished Professor of Law, Albert Abramson '54 Distinguished Professor of Law Chair, and Director of the Center for Innovation (Study Notes: Presenting the first comprehensive study of evergreening, this article examines the extent to which evergreening behavior—which can be defined as artificially extending the protection cliff—may contribute to the problem. The author analyses all drugs on the market between 2005 and 2015, combing through 60,000 data points to examine every instance in which a company added a new patent or exclusivity.)sid The only major study confirms our Internal Link – Evergreening decimates competition by resulting in functional monopoliesArnold Ventures 20 9-24-2020 "'Evergreening' Stunts Competition, Costs Consumers and Taxpayers" https://www.arnoldventures.org/stories/evergreening-stunts-competition-costs-consumers-and-taxpayers/ (Arnold Ventures is focused on evidence-based giving in a wide range of categories including: criminal justice, education, health care, and public finance)Elmer Affirm~1~ The intention of intellectual property is to discriminate and help preserve rights for only a select few.Kanning 12~Kanning, Michael A., "A Philosophical Analysis of Intellectual Property: In Defense of Instrumentalism" (2012). Graduate Theses and Dissertations. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/4094~~// RaZ ~2~ Property rights prohibit freedom to make advancement on technologies; people are given exclusive ownership which hinder progress.Kanning 12~Kanning, Michael A., "A Philosophical Analysis of Intellectual Property: In Defense of Instrumentalism" (2012). Graduate Theses and Dissertations. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/4094~~// RaZ ~3~ Hindering a hindrance~a~ You can only restrict the freedoms of inventors when the invention being withheld is life saving. Death kills freedoms and autonomy.Merges 11~ROBERT P. MERGES; "JUSTIFYING INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY" HARVARD UNIVERSITY PRESS Cambridge, Massachusetts London, England 2011~RaZ ~b~ Medicines are created with the intention of saving lives.Nemours~TeensHealth from Nemours ;Understanding Medicines and What They Do; https://kidshealth.org/en/teens/meds.html~~//RaZ ~4~ Evergreening – exploitation of patents is anti-ethical to the intrinsic nature of medical duty – that affirms.McHenry 6, Leemon. "Ethical issues in psychopharmacology." Journal of Medical Ethics 32.7 (2006): 405-410. | 9/4/21 |
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