Tournament: Jack Howe | Round: 2 | Opponent: Immaculate Heart AW | Judge: Lukas Krause
3:15
Jung and Kwon 15 ~Jung, Youn, Institute of Health and Environment, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea and Soonman Kwon, School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea, July 2015, "The Effects of Intellectual Property Rights on Access to Medicines and Catastrophic Expenditure," International Journal of Health Services, vol. 45, no. 3, pp. 507–29. DOI.org (Crossref), doi:10.1177/0020731415584560~/ Triumph Debate
*IPR = Intellectual Property Rights
Discussion This study investigated how the national level
AND
may result in welfare loss in developing countries.6,18,42
Reducing IP solves both scenarios and WTO IP rules are a barrier to scaled-up medicine production.
Pandey 21. ~(Ashutosh Pandey) "Rich countries block India, South Africa's bid to ban COVID vaccine patents," DW, April 2, 2021. https://www.dw.com/en/rich-countries-block-india-south- africas-bid-to-ban-covid-vaccine-patents/a-56460175
The World Trade Organization (WTO) talks on a proposal by India and South
AND
needed medical equipment in poor countries. Relaxing those standards are wholly necessary.
1~ The current framework for patent protections privileges socioeconomically advantaged nations, creating a global system of structural violence that entrenches dependency and crushes the capacity of developing countries to innovate.
Moszynski 11 ~Peter Moszynski- researcher for Globewise Communications, Feb 2011, "New Patent Rules Boost Profits While Safe Drugs Elude the World's Poor, Says Oxfam," BMJ, vol. 342, p. d815. www.bmj.com, https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.d815~~/ Triumph Debate
The proliferation of substandard drugs is being used as an excuse to tighten rules on
AND
than two billion people "lack regular access to affordable and quality medicine."
Crook 05 ~Jamie Crook- director of litigation for the Center for Gender and Refugee Studies, 2005, "Balancing Intellectual Property Protection with the Human Right to Health," Berkeley Journal of International Law 23(3), 524-550, https://lawcat.berkeley.edu/record/1119803?ln=en~~/ Triumph Debate
*ARV = Antiretroviral
In 2003, the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) newly infected an estimated five
AND
drug therapy for the world's poorest and most vulnerable HIV/AIDS victims.
2~ Future pandemics will become 10x more deadly – we need to build a system that can spread vaccines faster
Ceballos 5/27 Gerardo Ceballos ~PhD, Dr Gerardo Ceballos is an ecologist and conservationist at the Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico. He is particularly recognized for his influential work on global patterns of distribution of diversity, endemism, and extinction risk in vertebrates. He is also well-known for his contribution to understanding the magnitude and impacts of the sixth mass extinction.~, 5/27/21, "THE SIXTH MASS EXTINCTION AND THE FUTURE OF HUMANITY", Population Matters, https://populationmatters.org/news/2021/05/sixth-mass-extinction-and-future-humanity
Somewhere, sometime in late 2019, a coronavirus from a wild species, perhaps
AND
. What it is at stake is the future of mankind.
3~ Reducing IPP is key to global pandemic eradication – vaccine inequality costs $9 trillion.
Fernholz 21. ~(Tim Fernholz is a Senior reporter) "Wealthy countries are choosing pharma profits over global immunity," Quartz, March 15, 2021. https://qz.com/1983767/the-wto-is- choosing-pharmaceutical-profits-over-global-immunity/~ TDI
So far, about 5 of the world's population has been vaccinated. Around
AND
the pandemic will not be truly defeated anywhere until it is eradicated everywhere.