Tournament: Palm Classic | Round: 2 | Opponent: Modern Brain LZ | Judge: Rene Negrete
The standard is maximizing expected wellbeing, defined as doing the greatest good for the greatest number.
Governments ought to use utilitarian ethics – policymaking requires tradeoffs and value-distinctions
Woller 97 ~Gary Woller, Professor of Philosophy at BYU, 1997, "An Overview by Gary Woller." A Forum on the Role of Environmental Ethics, https://web.archive.org/web/20011010172519/http://apsapolicysection.org/vol7_2/72.pdf~~/Kankee
*only accessible through the Way Back Machine
As Kurt Baier reminds us,
AND
. Good intentions, lofty rhetoric, and moral piety are an insufficient.
Our sole contention is that space property rights harms international law and encourages arms races in outer space
Delgado-Perez 20 ~Veronica Delgado-Perez, staff contributor to International Scholar with a Master's degree in Public International Law from Utrecht University and a Bachelor of Laws at the Universidad Externado de Colombia, with a focus on sovereignty and outer space law, 4-6-2020, "Commercialization of Space Risks Launching a Militarized Space Race," International Scholar, https://www.theintlscholar.com/periodical/12/14/2020/analysis-commercialization-space-risk-international-law-military-space-race~~/Kankee
International law must immediately and proactively address questions surrounding extraterrestrial commercial activity — or risk
AND
ensure that the advantages derived from space exploration allow humanity to continue evolving.
Yuan 21 ~Alda Yuan, Public Health Analyst U.S. Department of Health and Human Services and visiting attorney at the Enivornmental Law Institute with a JD from Yale, 2021, "FILLING THE VACUUM: ADAPTING INTERNATIONAL SPACE LAW TO MEET THE PRESSURES CREATED BY PRIVATE SPACE ENTERPRISES," Hein Online, https://heinonline.org/HOL/P?h=hein.journals/denilp49andi=27~~/Kankee
Finally, since the end of the Cold War and the fall of the Soviet
AND
made open and safe for all who wish to go boldly into it.
Tronchetti 7 ~Fabio Tronchetti, educator at the International Institute of Air and Space Law at Leiden University, 2007, "THE NON-APPROPRIATION PRINCIPLE UNDER ATTACK: USING ARTICLE II OF THE OUTER SPACE TREATY IN ITS DEFENCE," International Institute of Space Law, https://iislweb.org/docs/Diederiks2007.pdf~~/Kankee
ABSTRACT Since the beginning of the space era, States agreed to consider outer space
AND
allow the harmonized management of space activities in the era of space commercialisation.
Loon 21 ~Fabio van Loon, Researcher and Writer Consortium of Indo-Pacific Researchers with a Master of International Policy National Security and Diplomacy from Texas AandM University and a Bachelor of Arts in Politics, Philosophy and Economics From Luiss Guido Carli University, 2021, "Codifying Jus in Bello Spatialis— The Space Law of Tomorrow," Strategic Studies Quarterly, https://www.airuniversity.af.edu/Portals/10/SSQ/documents/Volume-15_Issue-1/VanLoon.pdf~~/Kankee
With a deep-rooted history of customary space law, state activities in outer
AND
and existing protections for astronauts and satellites. The Applicability of the UN Charter
Space war destroys the global economy and civilization by attacking satellites necessary for every industry on Earth
Jakhu 20 ~Ram S. Jakhu, educator at McGill University, Kuan-Wei Chen, educator at McGill University, and Bayar Goswami, educator at McGill University, 2020 "Threats to Peaceful Purposes of Outer Space: Politics and Law," Taylor and Francis, https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/14777622.2020.1729061?casa_token=2-pAUhd67FYAAAAA3Ai1tUdxDhefbV2RIzp13qpi77okEw0tqhG16gu2KDP2QloC9DSDMQGSwqRAnQoKLi-02at9tLbDtULg~~/Kankee
Significance of space on Earth Over the last sixty years, the generally accepted international
AND
level of destruction that ensued the war. We quote three stanzas,114