Tournament: TFA State | Round: 1 | Opponent: Fanny from Jordan | Judge: Jacob Lugo
R1 – TFA 1ac
Inherency (0:20)
Objectivity is worsening in the status quo which causes polarization, but its reversible
Sands 20 (Sands, John. "Americans Are Losing Faith In An Objective Media. A New Gallup/Knight Study Explores Why.". Knight Foundation, 2022, https://knightfoundation.org/articles/americans-are-losing-faith-in-an-objective-media-a-new-gallup-knight-study-explores-why/. Accessed 2 Mar 2022. chskk)
1) Americans see increasing bias in the news media: One of the primary reasons Americans
2) AND
3) believe the media can bring people together and heal the nation’s political divides.
Adv: Climate (1:20)
Advantage 1 is climate
A climate crisis is happening now, but its not too late to solve
Dunne 2020 – (MA from City, University of London Daisy, 4-9-2020, Deep emissions cuts this decade could prevent ‘abrupt ecological collapse’, Eco-Business, https://www.eco-business.com/news/deep-emissions-cuts-this-decade-could-prevent-abrupt-ecological-collapse//recut chskk)
The research, published in Nature, finds that uncontrolled climate change would see tropical
AND
we can mitigate many of these impacts by rapidly reducing our carbon emissions.”
Advocacy creates echo chambers which spread climate misinformation across the electorate
Hewitt 21 ("Media Coverage Of Climate Change Is Improving. But That Alone Won't Stamp Out Disinformation". Wbur.Org, 2022, https://www.wbur.org/cognoscenti/2021/07/02/heat-political-bias-in-climate-coverage-frederick-hewett. Accessed 3 Mar 2022. chskk)
But delving deeper into YPCCC’s data reveals that acceptance of climate change is not growing
AND
which climate disruption increases the probability and severity of particular extreme weather events.
A misinformed electorate results in policy failure- objectivity is a prerequisite to climate solutions
Griffin 05 Griffin, John (Professor of Political Science at the University of Colorado, Boulder) and Brian Newman. "Are voters better represented?" The Journal of Politics 67.4 (2005): 1206-1227.
These results provide empirical support for the common claim that government represents voters more than
AND
we can be reasonably sure that Senators really are more responsive to voters.
Warming causes extinction
Peter Kareiva 18 (Ph.D. in ecology and applied mathematics from Cornell University, director of the Institute of the Environment and Sustainability at UCLA, Pritzker Distinguished Professor in Environment and Sustainability at UCLA, et al., September 2018, “Existential risk due to ecosystem collapse: Nature strikes back,” Futures, Vol. 102, p. 39-50recut chskk)
In summary, six of the nine proposed planetary boundaries (phosphorous, nitrogen,
AND
complete scientific understanding when it comes to positive feedback loops and climate change.
Adv: Public Health (1:10)
Advantage 2 is public health
Vaccination rates low in the status quo
WHO 21 ("Immunization Coverage". Who.Int, 2021, https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/immunization-coverage. Accessed 3 Mar 2022. chskk)
-year end 2021 data not available yet so this is most recent data we
AND
against human papillomavirus (HPV) in 2020, compared to the previous year
Casual link between mainstream media misinformation and vaccine refusal- DTP and MMR
Dees 13 (Dees P., Berman D.M. (2013) The Media’s Role in Vaccine Misinformation. In: Chatterjee A. (eds) Vaccinophobia and Vaccine Controversies of the 21st Century. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-7438-8_21 chskk)
-at: recency- misinformation covid 19 this ev just implies a casual link
AND
By revisiting the press’ obligations to the 21 The Media’s Role in Vaccine Misinformation
Vaccines save hundreds of millions of lives on the low end because of direct prevention and herd immunity means this number is orders of magnitude higher
Vanderslott et al 19 (Samantha Vanderslott, Bernadeta Dadonaite and Max Roser (2013) - "Vaccination". Published online at OurWorldInData.org. Retrieved from: 'https://ourworldindata.org/vaccination' Online Resourcechskk)
We know that vaccines save lives. But how many lives vaccines have they saved
AND
absence of immunization, the lifetime risk of infection is nearly 100.5
Disease causes extinction
Millett 17 Piers Consultant for the World Health Organization, PhD in International Relations and Affairs, University of Bradford, Andrew Snyder-Beattie. “Existential Risk and Cost-Effective Biosecurity.” http://online.liebertpub.com/doi/pdfplus/10.1089/hs.2017.0028
Historically, disease events have been responsible for the greatest death tolls on humanity.
AND
and Japan using plague to cause an epidemic in China during WWII.27
Advocacy (1:25)
Thus, we affirm that in a democracy a free press ought to prioritize objectivity over advocacy. Negative positions that do not defend advocacy over objectivity affirm. We defend the resolution as a whole and will defend the Watt’s solvency mechanism and enforcement as normal means.
An objective press is achieved by a four-tier process- it best solves
Watts 21 (Watts, Duncan J., et al. “Measuring the News and Its Impact on Democracy.” Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, vol. 118, no. 15, 2021, https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1912443118. chskk)
The objective of a comprehensive research agenda to study the origins, nature, and
AND
Our proposal is simply that we cannot afford not to begin this process.
Put away your circumvention cards- empirically verifiable facts guarantee a basis for objective truth and the method by which we defend objective practices ensure the best outcome
Sonnemaker 15 (Sonnemaker, Tyler, "Objectivity and the Role of Journalism in Democratic Societies" (2015). CMC Senior Theses. Paper 1057. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/cmc_theses/1057 chskk)
In thinking of this objectivity-subjectivity spectrum, we must remember that it does
AND
, we need an understanding of how our cognition exposes us to the world
Framing (0:50)
I value morality
The standard is maximizing well-being, specifically act hedonism
1 Pleasure and pain are intrinsic– everything else regresses – robust neuroscience.
Blum et al. 18
Kenneth Blum, 1Department of Psychiatry, Boonshoft School of Medicine, Dayton VA Medical Center, Wright State University, Dayton, OH, USA 2Department of Psychiatry, McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL, USA 3Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Keck Medicine University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA 4Division of Applied Clinical Research and Education, Dominion Diagnostics, LLC, North Kingstown, RI, USA 5Department of Precision Medicine, Geneus Health LLC, San Antonio, TX, USA 6Department of Addiction Research and Therapy, Nupathways Inc., Innsbrook, MO, USA 7Department of Clinical Neurology, Path Foundation, New York, NY, USA 8Division of Neuroscience-Based Addiction Therapy, The Shores Treatment and Recovery Center, Port Saint Lucie, FL, USA 9Institute of Psychology, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary 10Division of Addiction Research, Dominion Diagnostics, LLC. North Kingston, RI, USA 11Victory Nutrition International, Lederach, PA., USA 12National Human Genome Center at Howard University, Washington, DC., USA, Marjorie Gondré-Lewis, 12National Human Genome Center at Howard University, Washington, DC., USA 13Departments of Anatomy and Psychiatry, Howard University College of Medicine, Washington, DC US, Bruce Steinberg, 4Division of Applied Clinical Research and Education, Dominion Diagnostics, LLC, North Kingstown, RI, USA, Igor Elman, 15Department Psychiatry, Cooper University School of Medicine, Camden, NJ, USA, David Baron, 3Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Keck Medicine University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA, Edward J Modestino, 14Department of Psychology, Curry College, Milton, MA, USA, Rajendra D Badgaiyan, 15Department Psychiatry, Cooper University School of Medicine, Camden, NJ, USA, Mark S Gold 16Department of Psychiatry, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, USA, “Our evolved unique pleasure circuit makes humans different from apes: Reconsideration of data derived from animal studies”, U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs, 28 February 2018, accessed: 19 August 2020, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6446569/, R.S. recut chskk
Pleasure is not only one of the three primary reward functions but it also defines
AND
that apparently evolved explicitly to attribute incentive salience to various rewards 45.
2 Extinction first - Extinction is the worst impact under any framing: irreversibility, infinite magnitude, and moral uncertainty
MacAskill 14 (MacAskill, William, Oxford Philosopher and youngest tenured philosopher in the world, Normative Uncertainty, 2014chskk)
The human race might go extinct from a number of causes: asteroids, supervolcanoes
AND
with the benefit of keeping one’s options open while one gains new information.
Method UV (1:25)
Scenario analysis enhance reflexivity, deconstructs cognitive biases and flawed assumptions, and enables the imagination and creation of alternative futures.
Barma et al. 16 – (May 2016, Advance Publication Online on 11/6/15, Naazneen Barma, PhD in Political Science from UC-Berkeley, Assistant Professor of National Security Affairs at the Naval Postgraduate School, Brent Durbin, PhD in Political Science from UC-Berkeley, Professor of Government at Smith College, Eric Lorber, JD from UPenn and PhD in Political Science from Duke, Gibson, Dunn and Crutcher, Rachel Whitlark, PhD in Political Science from GWU, Post-Doctoral Research Fellow with the Project on Managing the Atom and International Security Program within the Belfer Center for Science and International Affairs at Harvard, “‘Imagine a World in Which’: Using Scenarios in Political Science,” International Studies Perspectives 17 (2), pp. 1-19, http://www.naazneenbarma.com/uploads/2/9/6/9/29695681/using_scenarios_in_political_science_isp_2015.pdf)
Over the past decade, the “cult of irrelevance” in political science scholarship
AND
analysts from anticipating and understanding the pivotal junctures that arise in international affairs.
The role of the judge is to evaluate the post fiat consequences of the affirmative vs negative world
Prefer:
1 Intuition: When someone asks you to make a decision you intuitively weigh between the two options; as we are given a rez to debate, we are inclined to compare the world of the aff and neg- outweighs on common usage
2 Accessibility: Traditional and lay debate defaults to comparative world analysis. This ROTB allows for debaters who don’t have access to progressive prep to be able to compete
3 Inclusion: Any type of offense works under comparative world analysis, since framing is undecided and debaters can prioritize different things
4 Real World Education: It requires critical thinking and research to predict and weigh two situations; internal link to education, outweighs every terminal impact on portability
Let us weigh case against the kritik
1 Anything else moots 6 min of the 1AC which kills fairness bc time skew
2 Comparison is key to testing the kritik so we know it’s a good idea
Theory UV (0:40)
1 I get 1AR theory- key to fairness
A Without checks the 1NC can be infinitely abusive