Ayala Mimou Neg
| Tournament | Round | Opponent | Judge | Cites | Round Report | Open Source | Edit/Delete |
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| Arizona State HDSHC Invitational | 2 | Tea Forrest | Moon Sung Gwak |
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| Arizona State HDSHC Invitational | 3 | Noam Levinski | Anish Ramireddy |
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| Arizona State HDSHC Invitational | Quarters | Connor Clark | Panel |
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| Arizona State HDSHC Invitational | 6 | Henry Zheng | Patricia Yango |
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| BARKLEY FORUM FOR HIGH SCHOOLS | 1 | Katherine Shao | Chris Theis |
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| BARKLEY FORUM FOR HIGH SCHOOLS | 4 | Spencer Swickle | Nitin Rastogi |
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| BARKLEY FORUM FOR HIGH SCHOOLS | 5 | Annie Chen | Devin Anderson |
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| BARKLEY FORUM FOR HIGH SCHOOLS | Triples | Ella Huang | Panel |
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| BARKLEY FORUM FOR HIGH SCHOOLS | Octas | Karan Shah | Panel |
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| BARKLEY FORUM FOR HIGH SCHOOLS | Semis | Pranav Kaginele | Panel |
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| BARKLEY FORUM FOR HIGH SCHOOLS | Finals | Brett Fortier | Panel |
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| College Prep | 1 | Rahul Mulpuri | Joanne Park |
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| College Prep | 4 | Wyeth Renwick | Alexandra Mork |
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| College Prep | 6 | Vincent Li | Charles Karcher |
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| College Prep | Semis | Arnav Simha | Panel |
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| College Prep | Octas | Andrew Park | Panel |
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| Damus | 1 | Rahul Mulpuri | Vishnu Vennelakanti |
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| Damus | 5 | Shaye Lee | Serena Lu |
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| Damus | 3 | Andrew Wesel | Parth Misra |
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| Damus | Quarters | Sarah Li | Panel |
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| Damus | Semis | Maya Jen | Panel |
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| Glenbrooks | 2 | Pranav Medikonduru | Derek Hilligoss |
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| Glenbrooks | 4 | Arya Bhat | Alex Rivera |
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| Glenbrooks | 5 | Nora Bolsani | Akshay Manglik |
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| Glenbrooks | Octas | Vik Maan | Panel |
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| Harvard Westlake | 1 | Aaron Yi | Vanessa Nguyen |
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| Harvard Westlake | 5 | Chris Sims | Samantha McLoughlin |
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| Harvard Westlake | 3 | Rohan Thakur | Tej Gedela |
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| Harvard Westlake | Octas | Jane Lichtman | Panel |
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| Heart of Texas | 2 | Alexandra Coulter | David Dosch |
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| Heart of Texas | 6 | Pranav Medikonduru | Emmiee Malyugina |
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| Heart of Texas | Doubles | Alex Lee | Panel |
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| Heart of Texas | Octas | Jane Lichtman | Panel |
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| Heart of Texas | 4 | Nikitha Thoduguli | Dillon Johnson |
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| Jack Howe | 2 | Taite Kirkpatrick | Asher Towner |
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| Jack Howe | 4 | Alexis Weiss | Saketh Kotapati |
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| Jack Howe | 6 | Nathan Liu | Dhruv Channa |
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| Jack Howe | Doubles | Lydia Wang | Panel |
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| Loyola | 2 | Ella Jewell | Venu Sathu |
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| Loyola | 4 | Samhith Dharani | David Dosch |
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| Loyola | 6 | Jarvis Xie | Ishan Rereddy |
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| Loyola | Doubles | Joey Antonelli | JULIAN KUFFOUR, DEREK HILLIGOSS, RONAK AHUJA |
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| Loyola | Octas | Rhys Moon | Panel |
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| Meadows | 2 | Akhilesh Pissay | Jada Stinnett |
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| Meadows | 3 | Keerthana Kompella | TJ Maher |
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| Meadows | 5 | Aaron Zhang | Donald Fagan |
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| Meadows | Doubles | Joseph Or | Panel |
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| Mid America Cup | Octas | Lilly Broussard | Panel |
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| Mid America Cup | 3 | Nathan Gong | Aryan Jasani |
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| Mid America Cup | 5 | Yesh Rao | Joseph Barquin |
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| Mid America Cup | 1 | Eli Leadham | Chansey Agler |
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| Mid America Cup | 1 | Eli Leadham | Chansey Agler |
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| Nano Nagle | 2 | Yesh Rao | Joseph Barquin |
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| Nano Nagle | 4 | Shreeram Modi | Samantha McLoughlin |
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| Nano Nagle | 6 | Rahul Mulpuri | Christopher Perez |
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| Nano Nagle | Octas | Shrey Raju | Panel |
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| Palm Classic | 1 | Maya Jen | Jonathan Jeong |
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| Peninsula | 2 | Vaibhav Dara | Jack Barber |
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| Peninsula | 4 | Dhruv Raghavan | Tarun Ratnasabapathy |
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| Peninsula | 6 | Aaron Zhang | David Dosch |
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| UT | 2 | Michael Reichle | Sreyaash Das |
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| UT | 4 | Jet Sun | Truman Le |
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| a9ieaogiaioujeg | Quads | awerffaefagaehgahyhagh | aehgyadhaherahhrhah |
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| aefafefa | Semis | afeaf | aefafaefa |
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| aegage | Quads | eagaegag | aegagaeg |
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| debateLA | 2 | Anshul Reddy | Panel |
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| debateLA | 5 | Maya Jen | Panel |
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| debateLA | 4 | Alyssa Sawyer | Panel |
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| ewkopafp9oiepoikfpoika | Semis | wadeafaefaef | adfeafaef |
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| Tournament | Round | Report |
|---|---|---|
| Arizona State HDSHC Invitational | 2 | Opponent: Tea Forrest | Judge: Moon Sung Gwak 1ac - full res |
| Arizona State HDSHC Invitational | 3 | Opponent: Noam Levinski | Judge: Anish Ramireddy 1ac - empire |
| Arizona State HDSHC Invitational | Quarters | Opponent: Connor Clark | Judge: Panel 1ac - setcol |
| Arizona State HDSHC Invitational | 6 | Opponent: Henry Zheng | Judge: Patricia Yango 1ac - rawls |
| BARKLEY FORUM FOR HIGH SCHOOLS | 1 | Opponent: Katherine Shao | Judge: Chris Theis 1ac - mega-constellations global commons |
| BARKLEY FORUM FOR HIGH SCHOOLS | 4 | Opponent: Spencer Swickle | Judge: Nitin Rastogi lay round |
| BARKLEY FORUM FOR HIGH SCHOOLS | 5 | Opponent: Annie Chen | Judge: Devin Anderson 1ac - afroorientalism |
| BARKLEY FORUM FOR HIGH SCHOOLS | Triples | Opponent: Ella Huang | Judge: Panel 1ac - mega-constellations |
| BARKLEY FORUM FOR HIGH SCHOOLS | Octas | Opponent: Karan Shah | Judge: Panel 1ac - debris |
| BARKLEY FORUM FOR HIGH SCHOOLS | Semis | Opponent: Pranav Kaginele | Judge: Panel 1ac - mega constellations |
| BARKLEY FORUM FOR HIGH SCHOOLS | Finals | Opponent: Brett Fortier | Judge: Panel 1ac - space tourism |
| College Prep | 1 | Opponent: Rahul Mulpuri | Judge: Joanne Park 1ac - setcol |
| College Prep | 4 | Opponent: Wyeth Renwick | Judge: Alexandra Mork 1ac - global commons |
| College Prep | 6 | Opponent: Vincent Li | Judge: Charles Karcher 1ac - whitey on the moon |
| College Prep | Semis | Opponent: Arnav Simha | Judge: Panel 1ac - ptd |
| College Prep | Octas | Opponent: Andrew Park | Judge: Panel 1ac - alien discovery |
| Damus | 1 | Opponent: Rahul Mulpuri | Judge: Vishnu Vennelakanti 1ac - eu |
| Damus | 5 | Opponent: Shaye Lee | Judge: Serena Lu 1ac - prisons |
| Damus | 3 | Opponent: Andrew Wesel | Judge: Parth Misra 1ac - us |
| Damus | Quarters | Opponent: Sarah Li | Judge: Panel 1ac - beller |
| Damus | Semis | Opponent: Maya Jen | Judge: Panel 1ac - incarcerated workers |
| Glenbrooks | 2 | Opponent: Pranav Medikonduru | Judge: Derek Hilligoss 1ac - egypt |
| Glenbrooks | 4 | Opponent: Arya Bhat | Judge: Alex Rivera 1ac - palestine |
| Glenbrooks | 5 | Opponent: Nora Bolsani | Judge: Akshay Manglik 1ac - domination |
| Glenbrooks | Octas | Opponent: Vik Maan | Judge: Panel 1ac - disability |
| Harvard Westlake | 1 | Opponent: Aaron Yi | Judge: Vanessa Nguyen 1ac - cosmic colonialism |
| Harvard Westlake | 5 | Opponent: Chris Sims | Judge: Samantha McLoughlin 1ac - cosmic colonialism |
| Harvard Westlake | 3 | Opponent: Rohan Thakur | Judge: Tej Gedela 1ac - mining |
| Harvard Westlake | Octas | Opponent: Jane Lichtman | Judge: Panel 1ac - china |
| Heart of Texas | 2 | Opponent: Alexandra Coulter | Judge: David Dosch 1ac - vaccine imperialism |
| Heart of Texas | 6 | Opponent: Pranav Medikonduru | Judge: Emmiee Malyugina 1ac - biocolonialism |
| Heart of Texas | Doubles | Opponent: Alex Lee | Judge: Panel 1ac - covid |
| Heart of Texas | Octas | Opponent: Jane Lichtman | Judge: Panel 1ac - malaria |
| Heart of Texas | 4 | Opponent: Nikitha Thoduguli | Judge: Dillon Johnson 1ac - data exclusivity |
| Jack Howe | 2 | Opponent: Taite Kirkpatrick | Judge: Asher Towner 1ac - vaccine imperialism |
| Jack Howe | 4 | Opponent: Alexis Weiss | Judge: Saketh Kotapati 1ac - vaccine imperialism |
| Jack Howe | 6 | Opponent: Nathan Liu | Judge: Dhruv Channa 1ac - opiods disclosure |
| Jack Howe | Doubles | Opponent: Lydia Wang | Judge: Panel 1ac - trips |
| Loyola | 2 | Opponent: Ella Jewell | Judge: Venu Sathu 1ac - lay evergreening high prices |
| Loyola | 4 | Opponent: Samhith Dharani | Judge: David Dosch 1ac - covid waviers |
| Loyola | 6 | Opponent: Jarvis Xie | Judge: Ishan Rereddy 1ac - korsgaard util adv |
| Loyola | Doubles | Opponent: Joey Antonelli | Judge: JULIAN KUFFOUR, DEREK HILLIGOSS, RONAK AHUJA 1ac - zoom bad |
| Loyola | Octas | Opponent: Rhys Moon | Judge: Panel 1ac - vaccine imperialism |
| Meadows | 2 | Opponent: Akhilesh Pissay | Judge: Jada Stinnett 1ac - innovation |
| Meadows | 3 | Opponent: Keerthana Kompella | Judge: TJ Maher 1ac - neocolonialism |
| Meadows | 5 | Opponent: Aaron Zhang | Judge: Donald Fagan 1ac - vaccine imperialism |
| Meadows | Doubles | Opponent: Joseph Or | Judge: Panel 1ac - setcol |
| Mid America Cup | Octas | Opponent: Lilly Broussard | Judge: Panel 1ac - covid |
| Mid America Cup | 3 | Opponent: Nathan Gong | Judge: Aryan Jasani 1ac - kant evergreening |
| Mid America Cup | 5 | Opponent: Yesh Rao | Judge: Joseph Barquin 1ac - evergreening |
| Mid America Cup | 1 | Opponent: Eli Leadham | Judge: Chansey Agler 1ac - trans geneology |
| Mid America Cup | 1 | Opponent: Eli Leadham | Judge: Chansey Agler 1ac - trans geneology |
| Nano Nagle | 2 | Opponent: Yesh Rao | Judge: Joseph Barquin 1ac - evergreening |
| Nano Nagle | 4 | Opponent: Shreeram Modi | Judge: Samantha McLoughlin 1ac - biocolonialism |
| Nano Nagle | 6 | Opponent: Rahul Mulpuri | Judge: Christopher Perez 1ac - covid |
| Nano Nagle | Octas | Opponent: Shrey Raju | Judge: Panel 1ac - virtue ethics |
| Palm Classic | 1 | Opponent: Maya Jen | Judge: Jonathan Jeong 1ac - commons |
| Peninsula | 2 | Opponent: Vaibhav Dara | Judge: Jack Barber 1ac - starlink |
| Peninsula | 4 | Opponent: Dhruv Raghavan | Judge: Tarun Ratnasabapathy 1ac - lunar heritage |
| Peninsula | 6 | Opponent: Aaron Zhang | Judge: David Dosch 1ac - cosmic colonialism |
| UT | 2 | Opponent: Michael Reichle | Judge: Sreyaash Das 1ac - bob the builder |
| UT | 4 | Opponent: Jet Sun | Judge: Truman Le 1ac - courts |
| aegage | Quads | Opponent: eagaegag | Judge: aegagaeg aefgagaeg |
| debateLA | 2 | Opponent: Anshul Reddy | Judge: Panel 1ac - china |
| debateLA | 5 | Opponent: Maya Jen | Judge: Panel 1ac - commons |
| debateLA | 4 | Opponent: Alyssa Sawyer | Judge: Panel 1ac - constellations |
To modify or delete round reports, edit the associated round.
Cites
| Entry | Date |
|---|---|
0 - Contact InfoTournament: ewkopafp9oiepoikfpoika | Round: Semis | Opponent: wadeafaefaef | Judge: adfeafaef | 10/4/21 |
0 - Disclosure NoteTournament: aefafefa | Round: Semis | Opponent: afeaf | Judge: aefafaefa | 9/27/21 |
0 - NavigationTournament: a9ieaogiaioujeg | Round: Quads | Opponent: awerffaefagaehgahyhagh | Judge: aehgyadhaherahhrhah | 9/27/21 |
0 - Tournament NavigationTournament: aegage | Round: Quads | Opponent: eagaegag | Judge: aegagaeg | 11/21/21 |
1 - DA - Algorithmic Governance v1Tournament: Damus | Round: Quarters | Opponent: Sarah Li | Judge: Panel Algorithmic governance as per their Beller evidence is good — it solves crisis escalation.Corneliu Bjola 19, Head of the Oxford Digital Diplomacy Research Group, University of Oxford, 11/10/19, "Diplomacy in the Age of Artificial Intelligence," http://www.realinstitutoelcano.org/wps/portal/rielcano_en/contenido?WCM_GLOBAL_CONTEXT=/elcano/elcano_in/zonas_in/ari98-2019-bjola-diplomacy-in-the-age-of-artificial-intelligence Externally, environmental sustainability – extinction.David Victor 19, professor of international relations at the School of Global Policy and Strategy and director of the Laboratory on International Law and Regulation, Co-Chair of the Brookings Initiative on Energy and Climate, 1/10/19, "How artificial intelligence will affect the future of energy and climate," https://www.brookings.edu/research/how-artificial-intelligence-will-affect-the-future-of-energy-and-climate/ Extinction outweighs:A~ Structural violence- death causes suffering because people can't get access to resources and basic necessitiesB~ Objectivity- body count is the most objective way to calculate impacts because comparing suffering is unethicalC~ Extinction is the only coherent and egalitarian framework – prefer itKhan 18 (Risalat, activist and entrepreneur from Bangladesh passionate about addressing climate change, biodiversity loss, and other existential challenges. He was featured by The Guardian as one of the "young climate campaigners to watch" (2015). As a campaigner with the global civic movement Avaaz (2014-17), Risalat was part of a small core team that spearheaded the largest climate marches in history with a turnout of over 800,000 across 2,000 cities. After fighting for the Paris Agreement, Risalat led a campaign joined by over a million people to stop the Rampal coal plant in Bangladesh to protect the Sundarbans World Heritage forest, and elicited criticism of the plant from Crédit Agricolé through targeted advocacy. Currently, Risalat is pursuing an MPA in Environmental Science and Policy at Columbia University as a SIPA Environmental Fellow, "5 reasons why we need to start talking about existential risks," https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2018/01/5-reasons-start-talking-existential-risks-extinction-moriori/) | 11/11/21 |
1 - K - AstrofuturityTournament: College Prep | Round: 6 | Opponent: Vincent Li | Judge: Charles Karcher Defining space as "mass exploitation" substitutes the colonizer's vision of space for the Black vision—-instead, Blackness should validate space on its own terms, an act of reclamationMorgan, 18 – Professor, Santa Clara Department of English, specializes in African-American literature in the 20th and 21st centuries Outright refusal of space forecloses alternative, non antiblack futures—-the alternative refuses the 1AC's refusal as a gesture towards afrofuturist uses of space are an act of reclamation that creates alternate spaces for Black life within antiblack structuresHamilton, 17 - An assistant professor at Fort Valley State University. Her research interests include Afrofuturism and feminism as they relate to art history | 12/19/21 |
1 - K - Cap v1Tournament: Loyola | Round: Doubles | Opponent: Joey Antonelli | Judge: JULIAN KUFFOUR, DEREK HILLIGOSS, RONAK AHUJA The AFF's structural claims and refusal of institutional politics results in a politics of cynicism that makes any kind of material change impossibleBurgum 15 (Samuel, PhD candidate in Sociology at the University of Warwick and has been conducting research with Occupy London since 2012, "The branding of the left: between spectacle and passivity in an era of cynicism," Journal for Cultural Research, Volume 19, Issue 3) Capitalism causes war, violence, environmental destruction and extinction.Robinson 18 (William I., Prof. of Sociology, Global and International Studies, and Latin American Studies, @ UC-Santa Barbara, "Accumulation Crisis and Global Police State" Critical Sociology) RE Thus the alternative is to affirm the model of the Communist Party – only democratic centralist dual power organizing can provide effective accountability to connect local struggles for international mobilizationEscalante 18 | 9/27/21 |
1 - NC - Truth Testing v1Tournament: Harvard Westlake | Round: 5 | Opponent: Chris Sims | Judge: Samantha McLoughlin The ROB is to determine the truth of falsity of the resolution –1~ Textuality – five dictionaries define to negate as to deny the truth of and affirm as to prove true.That OW –a~ Jurisdiction – judges are constrained through their constitutive purpose and proves it's a side constraint on what arguments they can vote on.b~ Predictability – people base prep off the pregiven terms in the resolution.2~ Isomorphism – alternative ROBs aren't binary truth/false because of topic lit biases which increases intervention and takes the debate out of the hands of debaters.3~ Inclusion – any offense functions under it as long as debaters implicate their positions to prove the truth or falsity of the resolution which maximizes substantive clash through ground and is a sequencing question for engaging in debate.4~ Logic – any statement relies on a conception of truth to function – for example, I'm hungry is the same as its true that I'm hungry – logic is a litmus test for any argument and proves your ROB collapse since it relies on truth.I negate –1~ the is "denoting a disease or affliction" but appropriation isn't a disease2~ of is to "expressing an age" but the rez doesn't delineate a length of time3~ private describes "belonging to or for the use of one particular person or group of people only" and an entity is "independent, separate, or self-contained existence"4~ In order to make a moral decision, you must know everything about a particular situation, and you must act immediately in the face on injustice, otherwise you allow injustice to occur. These are simultaneously impossible since a) we cannot know everything about a particular situation and b) there is not infinite time to make an ethical decision. Given that there must be deliberation over any moral decision to ensure its correctness in relation to the situation, the very act of deliberation is violence, as you allow the injustice to continue, but if you were to act immidiately you would act without proper knowledge to correctly address the injustice.5~ a priori's 1st – even worlds framing requires ethics that begin from a priori principles like reason or pleasure so we control the internal link to functional debates since proving contradictions with the world mean that even under cw its still offenseP+P negate –A~ more often false than true since I can prove something false in infinite ways which outweighs on probabilityB~ real world policies require positive justification before being adopted which outweighs on empiricsC~ ought means the aff has to prove an obligation if that definition is legitimate which means lack of that obligation negates. Even under comparing worlds these arguments negate since it requires them to prove the statement that "the aff world is more desirable than the neg world" true. However, my args deny their ability to prove statements true so you presume neg. Also, I don't need to win presumption to win, I just need to win any of the arguments below because the aff is false, not just no offense and if I'm textual I'm fair because the topic is the most predictable, so you could've engaged. | 1/16/22 |
1 - NC - Util v1Tournament: Mid America Cup | Round: 3 | Opponent: Nathan Gong | Judge: Aryan Jasani 1~ Prep – small school debaters only need a few good generics like innovation, the biotech da, and the consult who cp counterplan to win every util round. But under kant, since contentions are less variable and analytics are more important, big-school block-writing hoses them every round. Blocks don't matter nearly as much for util since innovation checks coaching bias.2~ Innovation – there are simply more articles written in the context of util than in agonism – simple Google search proves. Proves util incentivizes a wider variety of arguments than kant, which causes recycling of old args – proven by the fact that the same agonism justifications have been read every phil round for decades. Think about it – new advantages are broken often, but phil contentions are established at the beginning of the topic and never change for two months.3~ Ground – non-util philosophies conclude overwhelmingly on one side of most topics – for example, Kant won every neg round on the national service topic. Only util generates robust debates with equitable ground.4~ Real-world – abstract debates about philosophy have much less grounding in the real world than util – discussing consequences gives students education about fopo, economics, IR, etc. Outweighs since portable skills are the ultimate goal of debate.Theoretical justifications outweigh – | 9/27/21 |
1 - NC - Util v2Tournament: Loyola | Round: 6 | Opponent: Jarvis Xie | Judge: Ishan Rereddy The standard is act hedonistic util. Prefer –1 – Pleasure and pain are intrinsic value and disvalue – everything else regresses – robust neuroscience.Blum et al. 18 2 – No intent-foresight distinction – if I foresee a consequence, then it becomes part of my deliberation since its intrinsic to my action3 – Actor spec – governments lack wills or intentions and inevitably deals with tradeoffs – outweighs because agents have differing obligations.4 – No act omission distinction – choosing not to act is an action in of itself since you had to make an active decision to omit. Walking past a drowning baby and choosing not to save it is a cognitive decision you were faced with and you actively decided to keep walking b) warranting a distinction gives agents the permissible choice of omitting from any ethical action since omissions lack culpability.No calc indicts – a) no philosophy actually says that consequences don't matter at all since otherwise it would indict every theory since they use causal events to understand how their ethics have worked in the past and through the justification of premises b) we don't need consequences – winning hedonism proves we're the only one with impacts to it which means risk of offense framing is sufficient c) they're blippy nibs that set the aff at an unfair advantage since they only have to win one while we have to beat them all – voting issue for fairnessExtinction first –1 – Forecloses future improvement – we can never improve society because our impact is irreversible which proves moral uncertainty2 – Turns suffering – mass death causes suffering because people can't get access to resources and basic necessities3 – Objectivity – body count is the most objective way to calculate impacts because comparing suffering is unethical | 9/27/21 |
1 - NC - Util v3Tournament: Nano Nagle | Round: Octas | Opponent: Shrey Raju | Judge: Panel The standard is act hedonistic util. Prefer –1 – Pleasure and pain are intrinsic value and disvalue – everything else regresses – robust neuroscience.Blum et al. 18 2 – No intent-foresight distinction – if I foresee a consequence, then it becomes part of my deliberation since its intrinsic to my action3 – Actor spec – governments lack wills or intentions and inevitably deals with tradeoffs – outweighs because agents have differing obligations.No calc indicts – a) no philosophy actually says that consequences don't matter at all since otherwise it would indict every theory since they use causal events to understand how their ethics have worked in the past and through the justification of premises b) they're blippy nibs that set the aff at an unfair advantage since they only have to win one while we have to beat them all – voting issue for fairnessExtinction first –1 – Forecloses future improvement – we can never improve society because our impact is irreversible which proves moral uncertainty2 – Prior question since people would attempt to steal the small amount of resources that exist before they die so it turns virtue, also you need to be alive to be virtuous which means it's a prerequisite | 11/28/21 |
1 - Theory - Open Source v1Tournament: Mid America Cup | Round: 1 | Opponent: Eli Leadham | Judge: Chansey Agler Interpretation: Debaters must disclose all constructive positions on open source with highlighting, underlining, and popping of tags on the 2020-21 NDCA LD wiki after the round in which they read them.Violation – they don't – SS in doc1~ Debate resource inequities—you'll say people will steal cards, but that's good—it's the only way to truly level the playing field for students such as novices in under-privileged programs who can't bypass paywalled articles.Louden 10 – Allan D. Louden, professor of Communication at Wake Forest ("Navigating Opportunity: Policy Debate in the 21st Century" Wake Forest National Debate Conference. IDEA, 2010) 2~ Evidence ethics – open source is the only way to verify pre-round that cards aren't miscut or highlighted or bracketed unethically. That's a voter – maintaining ethical ev practices is key to being good academics and we should be able to verify you didn't cheat3~ Depth of clash – it allows debaters to have nuanced researched objections to their opponents evidence before the round at a much faster rate, which leads to higher quality ev comparison – outweighs cause thinking on your feet is NUQ but the best quality responses come from full access to a case.The abuse is uniquely super charged in the context of k affs – its functionally impossible to find the warrants when you only disclose first and last 3 since most of these books are huge as fuck 4~ Norming – it's a question of Wiki usage – setting the better norm outweighs on exportability, and link turns every argument, since it leads to more nuance clashFairness is a voter its a meta-constraint on your ability to evaluate the rest of the flow. Education is a voter it benefits you for life and is the reason schools fund debate | 9/27/21 |
JF - CP - 6G v1Tournament: BARKLEY FORUM FOR HIGH SCHOOLS | Round: Triples | Opponent: Ella Huang | Judge: Panel CP: States except for south korea should ban appropriation of outer space in the low earth orbitThe Republic of Korea should ban the appropriation of outer space by private entities except for 6G satellites. The Republic of Korea fund the appropriation of outer space for 6G satellites from asteroids by private entities.South Korea is looking into 6G programs now but continued private sector investment is key.Fletcher 7/1 ~(Bevin, editor of FierceWireless. She previously served as senior reporter for Wireless Week and CED Magazine, covering the wireless industry on a variety of topics including regulation, technology, and business. She has also worked as a journalist at biotech and finance trade publications. Bevin has a bachelor's degree in journalism from West Virginia University.) "South Korea kickstarts 6G plans," Fierce Wireless, 7/1/21. https://www.fiercewireless.com/tech/south-korea-kickstarts-6g-plans~~ RR A strong South Korean space sector is key to launching 6G networks.Clarke 10/24 ~(Carrington, he ABC's Seoul Correspondent, covering East Asia for the network. He works across digital, television and radio) "Asia is in the midst of a space race, but it's not just about exploration. It's also a military flex," ABC Net News, 10/24/21. https://www.abc.net.au/news/carrington-clarke/8042208~~ RR South Korea is a global leader in 6G development— encourages other countries to adopt 6G networks.Castro 20 ~(Caio, Journalist since eight years old, when I would read the newspaper out loud and pretend it was a radio show. Based in São Paulo, I have worked for Brazilian websites as reporter and editor before joining 6GWorld) "Korea lays out plan to become the first country to launch 6G," 6G World, 11/5/20. https://www.6gworld.com/exclusives/korea-lays-out-plan-to-become-the-first-country-to-launch-6g/~~ RR 6G is key to cyber security – turns scenario 1Ziegler et al. 10/14 ~(Volker, (Senior Member, IEEE) received the Dipl.-Ing. (M.Sc.) and Dr.-Ing. (Ph.D.) degrees from the Department of Electrical Engineering, Universität (TH) Karlsruhe, Germany.) "Security and trust in the 6G era," Nokia Bell Labs, 10/14/21. Graphs/Figures Omitted https://d1p0gxnqcu0lvz.cloudfront.net/documents/Nokia_Security_and_trust_in_the_6G_era_White_Paper_EN.pdf~~ RR Hacking on Satellites goes Nuclear.Miller and Fontaine 17 James Miller and Richard Fontaine 11-26-2017 "Cyber and Space Weapons Are Making Nuclear Deterrence Trickier" https://www.defenseone.com/ideas/2017/11/cyber-and-space-weapons-are-making-nuclear-deterrence-trickier/142767/ (James N. Miller, Jr. is a member of the Board of Advisors of the Center for a New American Security. He served as U.S. Under Secretary of Defense for Policy from 2012 to 2014.)Elmer | 1/30/22 |
JF - CP - Advantage CP vs Mega Constellations v1Tournament: debateLA | Round: 4 | Opponent: Alyssa Sawyer | Judge: Panel 1NC—-CPText – States shouldimplement cooperative active debris removal measures aimed at mitigating debris from mega-constellations. 1st plank solves Cyber-Attacks.Robertl and Vocl 21 ~Christopher Robertl and Vince Vocl. Christopher is the Senior Vice President of Cyber Intelligence and Supply Chain Security Policy at the U.S. Chamber of Commerce. Vince VocI is the Executive Director Cyber Policy and Operations at the U.S. Chamber of Commerce. 5-14-2021, accessed on 8-8-2021, U.S. Chamber of Commerce, "4 Ways U.S. Government Leaders Can Protect IP and Personal Data", https://www.uschamber.com/on-demand/cybersecurity/how-can-the-government-help-protect-intellectual-property-and-personal-data~~ Adam 2nd solves for Mega-constellation Impacts.Hardy 20, Brian Patrick. Long-term effects of satellite megaconstellations on the debris environment in low earth orbit. Diss. 2020. (Master of Science in Aerospace Engineering in the Graduate College of the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign)Elmer 3rd plank solves second advantage – states won't posses asat capability to escalate4th plank incentivizes sustainable use of spaceMunoz-Patchen 18 ~Chelsea Munoz-Patchen, Chelsea Muñoz-Patchen is an associate in the Houston office of Latham and Watkins. While attending University of Chicago Law School, Ms. Muñoz-Patchen was an articles editor for The Chicago Journal of International Law. Her research on regulating space debris was published in 2018. Ms. Muñoz-Patchen served as a research assistant for Professors Daniel Abebe and Jonathan Masur, focusing on intellectual property and constitutional law in the US and Ethiopia. Prior to law school, Ms. Muñoz-Patchen earned her BA and BS in Geography from Arizona State University. As a graduate student, she studied political ecology and people's relationship to urban nature, and taught Introduction to Physical Geography labs. 7-1-2018, Semanticscholar, "Regulating the Space Commons: Treating Space Debris as Abandoned Property in Violation of the Outer Space Treaty | Semantic Scholar", https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/Regulating-the-Space-Commons3A-Treating-Space-Debris-Munoz-Patchen/607eff0141f48332a69ae8c5a3301d871057a4fa accessed 12/21/21~ Adam | 1/14/22 |
JF - CP - Advantage CP vs Mega Constellations v2Tournament: BARKLEY FORUM FOR HIGH SCHOOLS | Round: 1 | Opponent: Katherine Shao | Judge: Chris Theis Terrestrial Internet Cables are vulnerable now – risks access.Griffiths 19 James Griffiths 7-26-2019 "The global internet is powered by vast undersea cables. But they're vulnerable." https://www.cnn.com/2019/07/25/asia/internet-undersea-cables-intl-hnk/index.html (CNN Analyst)ELmer Mega-constellations provide fast, affordable internet that bridges digital divide – independently, competition lowers prices across the board.Novo 21 Paula Novo 3-31-2021 "Will Starlink Change the Internet?' https://www.highspeedoptions.com/resources/insights/will-starlink-change-the-internet (With over four years of broadband experience, Paula Novo is the Site Editor and Senior Writer for HighSpeedOptions. She has helped develop the criterion by which HighSpeedOptions reviews and recommends internet service providers, striving to simplify and guide the user's decision toward the best communications services. Paula also leads HighSpeedOptions coverage of the digital divide, ISP reviews, and broadband policy.)Elmer It's comparably faster than current competitors.Lumanlan 21 August Dominic M Lumanlan 8-14-2021 "How Elon Musk's Starlink will be the future of the Internet" https://medium.com/@augustlumanlan2017/how-spacexs-starlink-will-be-the-future-of-the-internet-8f07adb4eb2 (Engineering Author)Elmer Internet solves extinctionEagleman 10 ~David Eagleman is a neuroscientist at Baylor College of Medicine, where he directs the Laboratory for Perception and Action and the Initiative on Neuroscience and Law and author of Sum (Canongate). Nov. 9, 2010, " Six ways the internet will save civilization," Independently, Starlink bridges the Splinternet – that solves Fake News and Disinformation propagated from censorship – affordable, un-blockable, and accessible internet is key to stop Authoritarianism.Koetsier 20 John Koetsier 1-9-2020 "Elon Musk's 42,000 StarLink Satellites Could Just Save the World" https://archive.is/K6Lq0~~#selection-3087.0-3131.123 (I've been a journalist, analyst, and corporate executive, and have chronicled the rise of the mobile economy. I built the VB Insight research team at VentureBeat)Elmer Authoritarianism causes Nuclear War.Diamond 19, Larry. Ill winds: Saving democracy from Russian rage, Chinese ambition, and American complacency. Penguin Books, 2019. (professor of Sociology and Political Science at Stanford University, PhD in Sociology)Elmer | 1/28/22 |
JF - CP - Advantage CP vs Nuclear Winter v1Tournament: debateLA | Round: 4 | Opponent: Alyssa Sawyer | Judge: Panel States shouldDevelop and deploy dust loaded counter bombs at all likely targets of a nuclear strikeImplement nuclear blast shielding, as described by the McCarthy evidence, in all major citiessubstantially increase funding for, and globally advocate for, other countries to implement nuclear blast shielding dikes in major citiesBlast shielding prevents firestormsMcCarthy 6 ~Will McCarthy, Member of the Advisory Board @ The Lifeboat Foundation, a NGO dedicated to studying existential risk, "Crash Test Cities: Protecting Against Nuclear Blasts and Other Disasters", https://lifeboat.com/ex/crash.test.cities, 2006, imp~ Dust bombs counter nuclear winterTripathi 20 ~Shibu Tripathi, "A Cool Bomb: How an Indian mathematician aims to limit nuclear blast impact", https://www.business-standard.com/article/current-affairs/a-cool-bomb-how-an-indian-mathematician-dr-meera-chadha-aims-to-limit-nuclear-blast-impact-120101900345_1.html, 10/19/20, imp~ They solveTripathi 20 ~Shibu Tripathi, "A Cool Bomb: How an Indian mathematician aims to limit nuclear blast impact", https://www.business-standard.com/article/current-affairs/a-cool-bomb-how-an-indian-mathematician-dr-meera-chadha-aims-to-limit-nuclear-blast-impact-120101900345_1.html, 10/19/20, imp~ | 1/14/22 |
JF - CP - Chinese Asteroid Mining v1Tournament: debateLA | Round: 2 | Opponent: Anshul Reddy | Judge: Panel 1NC – OFFCP Text: The People's Republic of China shouldend all private appropriation of outer space except for Asteroid Mining.de-militarize its civilian, military, and commercial space industry.dismantle and remove ASAT weapons.dismantle the People's Liberation Army.end China-Russian cooperation in Outer Space.The Counterplan solves the Case – solves Advantage 1 and 2 since it's about Space Militarization which the CP explicitly gets rid of.China's Asteroid Mining efforts are light-years ahead of everyone else – now is key for Asteroid Mining. Successful Mining solves Warming through Green Transition.Cohen 21 Ariel Cohen 10-26-2021 "China's Space Mining Industry Is Prepping For Launch – But What About The US?" https://www.forbes.com/sites/arielcohen/2021/10/26/chinas-space-mining-industry-is-prepping-for-launch—but-what-about-the-us/?sh=6b8bea862ae0 (I am a Senior Fellow at the Atlantic Council and the Founding Principal of International Market Analysis, a Washington, D.C.-based global risk advisory boutique.)Elmer Warming causes ExtinctionKareiva 18, Peter, and Valerie Carranza. "Existential risk due to ecosystem collapse: Nature strikes back." Futures 102 (2018): 39-50. (Ph.D. in ecology and applied mathematics from Cornell University, director of the Institute of the Environment and Sustainability at UCLA, Pritzker Distinguished Professor in Environment and Sustainability at UCLA)Re-cut by Elmer | 1/13/22 |
JF - CP - Climate SuitsTournament: BARKLEY FORUM FOR HIGH SCHOOLS | Round: Octas | Opponent: Karan Shah | Judge: Panel Counterplan text: states should revise the outer space treaty to ban appropriation of outer space with the exception of proportional liabilityThe counterplan competes a~ the 1ac started the specification debate which means you should force them to defend that the aff is implemented through the ost that includes proportional liability anything else lets the 1ar recontextualize their advocacy in infinite different ways not grounded by their 1ac to moot neg offense b~ evaluating competition solely off the plan text is useless since the 1ac offense is based off of the implementation and effects of the advantage which means we should get cps that compete through that since it's the only way to have reciprocal offense Action on warming is here now and solvesJules Kortenhorst 19, Chief Executive Officer of Rocky Mountain Institute, recognized leader on global energy issues and climate change, "New Report Suggests the Speed of the Energy Transition Is Rapid," 9/11/19, https://rmi.org/new-report-suggests-the-speed-of-the-energy-transition-is-rapid/ Market share liability is currently limited to perfectly fungible products—-the plan's use of proportional share liability for space debris dramatically expands the possible applications of proportional liabilityAllen Rostron 4, Associate Professor of Law, UMKC City School of Law, "Beyond Market Share Liability: A Theory of Proportional Share Liability for Nonfungible Products," 2004, 52 UCLA L. Rev. 151 Proportional liability opens the door to climate suits by relaxing the definition of causation in tort suits even more than market share liabilityEduardo M. Penalver 98, JD Candidate, Yale Law School, "Acts of God or Toxic Torts? Applying Tort Principles to the Problem of Climate Change," Fall 1998, https://scholarship.law.cornell.edu/facpub/730/ Climate suits crush global coordination necessary to solve climate changeLaurence H. Tribe 10, the Carl M. Loeb University Professor, Harvard Law School; Joshua D. Branson, J.D., Harvard Law School and NDT Champion, Northwestern University; and Tristan L. Duncan, Partner, Shook, Hardy and Bacon L.L.P., January 2010, "TOOHOTFORCOURTSTO HANDLE: FUEL TEMPERATURES, GLOBAL WARMING, AND THE POLITICAL QUESTION DOCTRINE," http://www.wlf.org/Upload/legalstudies/workingpaper/012910Tribe_WP.pdf Warming causes extinction.Sears 21 (, N., 2021. Great Powers, Polarity, and Existential Threats to Humanity: An Analysis of the Distribution of the Forces of Total Destruction in International Security. ~online~ ResearchGate. Available at: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/350500094 ~Accessed 22 November 2021~ Nathan Alexander Sears is a PhD Candidate in Political Science at The University of Toronto. Before beginning his PhD, he was a Professor of International Relations at the Universidad de Las Américas, Quito. His research focuses on international security and the existential threats to humanity posed by nuclear weapons, climate change, biotechnology, and artificial intelligence. His PhD dissertation is entitled, "International Politics in the Age of Existential Threats")-re-cut rahulpenu | 1/30/22 |
JF - CP - Global ConCon v1Tournament: College Prep | Round: 1 | Opponent: Rahul Mulpuri | Judge: Joanne Park States ought to call a global constitutional convention and establish a constitution reflecting intergenerational concern with exclusive authority to ban appropriation of outer space by private entities and bind participating bodies to its result by forefronting an ethic of incommensurabilityThat solves the aff – it addresses shared anxieties while building political consensusGardiner 14 1 ~Stephen M. Gardiner, Professor of Philosophy and Ben Rabinowitz Endowed Professor of Human Dimensions of the Environment at the University of Washington, Seattle, "A Call for a Global Constitutional Convention Focused on Future Generations," 2014, Ethics and International Affairs, Vol. 28, Issue 3, pp. 299-315, https://doi.org/10.1017/S0892679414000379, EA~ It spills over to foster broader intergenerational representation, but independence is keyGardiner 14 2 ~Stephen M. Gardiner, Professor of Philosophy and Ben Rabinowitz Endowed Professor of Human Dimensions of the Environment at the University of Washington, Seattle, "A Call for a Global Constitutional Convention Focused on Future Generations," 2014, Ethics and International Affairs, Vol. 28, Issue 3, pp. 299-315, https://doi.org/10.1017/S0892679414000379, EA~ Proactive measures mitigate a laundry list of emerging catastrophic risks – extinctionBeckstead et al. 14 ~Nick Beckstead, Nick Bostrom, Niel Bowerman, Owen Cotton-Barratt, William MacAskill, Seán Ó hÉigeartaigh, Toby Ord, * Future of Humanity Institute, University of Oxford, Director, Future of Humanity Institute, University of Oxford, * Global Priorities Project, Centre for Effective Altruism; Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Global Priorities Project, Centre for Effective Altruism; Future of Humanity Institute, University of Oxford, * Uehiro Centre for Practical Ethics, University of Oxford, Cambridge Centre for the Study of Existential Risk; Future of Humanity Institute, University of Oxford, * Programme on the Impacts of Future Technology, Oxford Martin School, University of Oxford, "Policy Brief: Unprecedented Technological Risks," 2014, The Global Priorities Project, The Future of Humanity Institute, The Oxford Martin Programme on the Impacts of Future Technology, and The Centre for the Study of Existential Risk, https://www.fhi.ox.ac.uk/wp-content/uploads/Unprecedented-Technological-Risks.pdf, Accessed: 03/13/21, EA~ Maintaining sustainable use of outer space is key to future generationsIslam 18 ~Mohammad Saiful Islam, Mohammad works for the Institute of Advanced Judicial Studies and the Beijing Institute of Technology. 4-27-2018, "The Sustainable Use of Outer Space: Complications and Legal Challenges to the Peaceful Uses and Benefit of Humankind," Beijing Law Review, https://www.scirp.org/journal/paperinformation.aspx?paperid=85201 accessed 12/12/21~ Adam | 12/18/21 |
JF - CP - Ilaw Regulations v1Tournament: College Prep | Round: 4 | Opponent: Wyeth Renwick | Judge: Alexandra Mork Counterplan text: The Committee on the Peaceful use of Outer Space ought toestablish an application system for property rights on celestial bodies. Applications and approval of property rights should be granted upon the condition ofopen disclosure of data gathered in the exploration of a celestial bodyApplications must be publicly announcedProperty Rights will be made tradeable between private entitiesProperty Rights will be set to expire on the conclusion of a successful extraction missionPrivate Entities will only be allowed one property right grant per celestial body and cannot have more than one grant at a timeBan the militarization of outer spaceThe counterplan establishes international norms for safe extraction of resources on celestial bodies while increasing RandD in outer space.Steffen 21 ~Olaf Steffen, Olaf is a scientist at the Institute of Composite Structures and Adaptive Sytems at the German Aerospace Center. 12-2-2021, "Explore to Exploit: A Data-Centred Approach to Space Mining Regulation," Institute of Composite Structures and Adaptive Systems, German Aerospace Center, https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0265964621000515 accessed 12/12/21~ Adam Space mining fails now due to profitability and unsafe tech which only the cp solvesSteffen 21 ~Olaf Steffen, Olaf is a scientist at the Institute of Composite Structures and Adaptive Sytems at the German Aerospace Center. 12-2-2021, "Explore to Exploit: A Data-Centred Approach to Space Mining Regulation," Institute of Composite Structures and Adaptive Systems, German Aerospace Center, https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0265964621000515 accessed 12/12/21~ Adam | 12/18/21 |
JF - CP - Ilaw Regulations v2Tournament: Harvard Westlake | Round: 1 | Opponent: Aaron Yi | Judge: Vanessa Nguyen Counterplan text: The Committee on the Peaceful use of Outer Space ought to establish an application system for property rights on celestial bodies. Applications and approval of property rights should be granted upon the condition ofopen disclosure of data gathered in the exploration of a celestial bodyApplications must be publicly announcedProperty Rights will be made tradeable between private entitiesProperty Rights will be set to expire on the conclusion of a successful extraction missionPrivate Entities will only be allowed one property right grant per celestial body and cannot have more than one grant at a timeThe counterplan establishes international norms for safe extraction of resources on celestial bodies while increasing RandD in outer space.Steffen 21 ~Olaf Steffen, Olaf is a scientist at the Institute of Composite Structures and Adaptive Sytems at the German Aerospace Center. 12-2-2021, "Explore to Exploit: A Data-Centred Approach to Space Mining Regulation," Institute of Composite Structures and Adaptive Systems, German Aerospace Center, https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0265964621000515 accessed 12/12/21~ Adam Commercial mining solves extinction from scarcity, climate, terror, war, and disease.Pelton 17—(Director Emeritus of the Space and Advanced Communications Research Institute at George Washington University, PHD in IR from Georgetown).. Pelton, Joseph N. 2017. The New Gold Rush: The Riches of Space Beckon! Springer. Accessed 8/30/19. Resource scarcity coming now and causes extinction—asteroid mining is the only way to solveCrombrugghe 18 – Guerric, Business Development Manager Brussels, Brussels Capital Region, "Asteroid mining as a necessary answer to mineral scarcity", LinkedIn, 1/11/2018, https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/asteroid-mining-necessary-answer-mineral-scarcity-de-crombrugghe | 1/15/22 |
JF - CP - Market Share Liability v1Tournament: debateLA | Round: 5 | Opponent: Maya Jen | Judge: Panel Counterplan text: The United Nations office for outer space affairs ought to adopt a system of market share liability in regard to the creation of debris in outer space by private entities in accordance with Munoz-Patchen 18The Counterplan incentivizes proportional debris clean up while deterring future debris creationMunoz-Patchen 18 ~Chelsea Munoz-Patchen, Chelsea Muñoz-Patchen is an associate in the Houston office of Latham and Watkins. While attending University of Chicago Law School, Ms. Muñoz-Patchen was an articles editor for The Chicago Journal of International Law. Her research on regulating space debris was published in 2018. Ms. Muñoz-Patchen served as a research assistant for Professors Daniel Abebe and Jonathan Masur, focusing on intellectual property and constitutional law in the US and Ethiopia. Prior to law school, Ms. Muñoz-Patchen earned her BA and BS in Geography from Arizona State University. As a graduate student, she studied political ecology and people's relationship to urban nature, and taught Introduction to Physical Geography labs. 7-1-2018, Semanticscholar, "Regulating the Space Commons: Treating Space Debris as Abandoned Property in Violation of the Outer Space Treaty | Semantic Scholar", https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/Regulating-the-Space-Commons3A-Treating-Space-Debris-Munoz-Patchen/607eff0141f48332a69ae8c5a3301d871057a4fa accessed 12/21/21~ Adam | 1/14/22 |
JF - CP - Space Elevators v1Tournament: Harvard Westlake | Round: 1 | Opponent: Aaron Yi | Judge: Vanessa Nguyen Text – Private Appropriation of Outer Space except for Space Elevators is Unjust.Space Elevators constitute Appropriation – they impede orbits.Matignon 19 Louis de Gouyon Matignon 3-3-2019 "LEGAL ASPECTS OF THE SPACE ELEVATOR TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM" https://www.spacelegalissues.com/space-law-legal-aspects-of-the-space-elevator-transportation-system/ Elmer Private Companies are pursuing Space Elevators.Alfano 15 Andrea Alfano 8-18-2015 "All Of These Companies Are Working On A Space Elevator" https://www.techtimes.com/articles/77612/20150818/companies-working-space-elevator.htm (Writer at the Tech Times)Elmer Yes Space Elevators – NASA confirms.Snowden 18 Scott Snowden 10-2-2018 "A colossal elevator to space could be going up sooner than you ever imagined" https://www.nbcnews.com/mach/science/colossal-elevator-space-could-be-going-sooner-you-ever-imagined-ncna915421 (Scott has written about science and technology for 20 years for publications around the world. He covers environmental technology for Forbes.)Elmer Space Elevators would solve every Environmental problem – key to re-balance Earth's ecosystem.Hendrix 19 Glen Hendrix 5-13-2019 "The Environmental Advantages of a Space Elevator" https://medium.com/predict/the-environmental-advantages-of-a-space-elevator-91a355e3d68c (Environment and Tech Writer at Medium)Elmer | 1/15/22 |
JF - CP - Space Elevators v2Tournament: BARKLEY FORUM FOR HIGH SCHOOLS | Round: 5 | Opponent: Annie Chen | Judge: Devin Anderson Text – we endorse the entirety of the 1ac except appropriation of outer space through Space Elevators being Unjust.Space Elevators constitute Appropriation – they impede orbits.Matignon 19 Louis de Gouyon Matignon 3-3-2019 "LEGAL ASPECTS OF THE SPACE ELEVATOR TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM" https://www.spacelegalissues.com/space-law-legal-aspects-of-the-space-elevator-transportation-system/ ~PhD in space law (co-supervised by both Philippe Delebecque, from Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne, France, and Christopher D. Johnson, from Georgetown University || regularly write articles on the website Space Legal Issues so as to popularise space law and public international law~Elmer Private Companies are pursuing Space Elevators.Alfano 15 Andrea Alfano 8-18-2015 "All Of These Companies Are Working On A Space Elevator" https://www.techtimes.com/articles/77612/20150818/companies-working-space-elevator.htm (Writer at the Tech Times)Elmer Yes Space Elevators – NASA confirms.Snowden 18 Scott Snowden 10-2-2018 "A colossal elevator to space could be going up sooner than you ever imagined" https://www.nbcnews.com/mach/science/colossal-elevator-space-could-be-going-sooner-you-ever-imagined-ncna915421 (Scott has written about science and technology for 20 years for publications around the world. He covers environmental technology for Forbes.)Elmer Regardless of completion, Elevators spur investment in NanotechnologyLiam O'Brien 16. University of Wollongong. 07/2016. "Nanotechnology in Space." Young Scientists Journal; Canterbury, no. 19, p. 22. Nanotech solves every existential threatMiller 17, Gina Miller, She has written articles and provided interviews on the subject of nanotechnology and created digital artwork, videos and animations to illustrate future applications. Her work has been featured in various media including the History Channel, Japanese television, international documentaries, Wired, PC Magazine, Fast Company, and various books such as "Nanofuture" by J. Storrs Hall, the inventor of the "utility fog" concept. Miller has collaborated with other nanotechnology pioneers such as Robert A. Freitas Jr., author of "Nanomedicine," and is a frequent collaborator of the Foresight Institute co-founded by K. Eric Drexler the "founding father of nanotechnology".. 2-26-2017, accessed on 1-28-2021, Nanotechnology Industries, "Nanotechnology, the real science of miracles, the end of disease, aging, poverty and pollution - Nanotechnology Industries", http://nanoindustries.com/nanotechnology_science_of_miracles/ Adam Space Elevators solve Space Debris – reduces Rocket LaunchesForgan 19, Duncan H. Solving Fermi's Paradox. Vol. 10. Cambridge University Press, 2019. (Associate Lecturer at the Centre for Exoplanet Science at the University of St Andrews, Scotland, founding member of the UK Search for Extra-terrestrial Intelligence (SETI) research network and leads UK research efforts into the search)Elmer | 1/29/22 |
JF - CP - Strict Liability v1Tournament: BARKLEY FORUM FOR HIGH SCHOOLS | Round: Octas | Opponent: Karan Shah | Judge: Panel The United States federal government should propose and ratify an international agreement that:— defines a 'space object' to include orbital debris The United States federal government should propose to Russia, China, India, and the European Union a multilateral agreement imposing a per-launch fee system paid by launching states, with proceeds devoted exclusively to financing the cost of orbital debris remediation, including untrackable debris. The United States should provide a substantial one-time monetary contribution to initiate the fund.The first plank creates a debris mitigation regime with sufficient incentives and accountability to ensure complianceMichael W. Taylor 6, Colonel, U.S. Air Force, Judge Advocate, LLM from McGill University, August 2006, "Orbital Debris: Technical and Legal Issues and Solutions," https://fas.org/spp/eprint/taylor.pdf Second plank solves debris remediation better and fasterMeghan R. Plantz 12. J.D., University of Georgia, 2012, "Orbital Debris: Out of Space," 40 GA. J. INT'L and COMP. L. 585 The plan demands tons of SSA resourcesSundalh 2000 ~Mark Sundalh, J.D. candidate, Hastings College of the Law, 2001; Ph.D. (Classics), Brown University, 2000; B.A., University of California, Los Angeles, 1993.~ "Unidentified Orbital Debris: The Case for a Market-Share Liability Regime" Hastings International and Comparative Law Review, Vol. 24, No. 1, Fall 2000 (https://repository.uchastings.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1532andcontext=hastings_international_comparative_law_review) – MZhu That undermines space weather assessmentFerguson 15 ~Dale Ferguson PhD, "The Space Weather Threat to Situational Awareness, Communications, and Positioning Systems," http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpls/icp.jsp?arnumber=7070693~~#authors~~ Lack of space weather data causes extinctionDancer 16 ~Benjamin Dancer, Director of Public Relations for the Colorado EMP Task Force on National and Homeland Security, which is the Colorado branch of a Congressional Advisory Board., 5-22-2016 https://www.benjamindancer.com/blog/2016/5/7/space-weather-an-existential-threat~~ | 1/30/22 |
JF - CP - US-China Cooperation v1Tournament: debateLA | Round: 2 | Opponent: Anshul Reddy | Judge: Panel CP Text: The People's Republic of China shouldincrease and encourage private and civil space cooperation with the United States over appropriation of outer space.de-militarize its space industry.dismantle and remove ASAT weapons.The United States Federal Government should repeal the Wolf Amendment.Repeal document 60 The Counterplan competes – it re-directs China's commercial space industry to productive cooperation with the United States. The 1AC said that China's government is reliant on private action meaning the Plan collapses all of the space sector meaning meaningful cooperation with the US becomes impossible.Cooperation de-escalates the Space Race, solves Sino-Russian axis, and spills-over to broader US-China relationsMarshall and Hadfield 21 Will Marshall and Chris Hadfield 4-15-2021 "Why the U.S. and China Should Collaborate in Space" https://time.com/5954941/u-s-china-should-collaborate-in-space/ (CEO of Planet which operates 200 satellites that image the entire Earth landmass on a daily basis, and he formerly worked at NASA on lunar missions and space debris. Colonel Chris Hadfield was Commander of the International Space Station and flew both the U.S. Space Shuttle and Russian Soyuz vehicles. Prior to that he served as a fighter/test pilot with the U.S. Air Force, U.S. Navy, and Royal Canadian Air Force.)Elmer US-China Relations key to prevent escalation – current US course turns status quo cold war hot.Nye 21 Joseph Nye 3-3-2021 "The factors that could lead to war between the US and China" https://www.aspistrategist.org.au/the-factors-that-could-lead-to-war-between-the-us-and-china/ (professor at Harvard University and author)Elmer US-China War goes Nuclear.Brands and Beckley 21 Hal Brands and Michael Beckley 12-16-2021 "Washington Is Preparing for the Wrong War With China" https://www.foreignaffairs.com/articles/china/2021-12-16/washington-preparing-wrong-war-china (Henry A. Kissinger Distinguished Professor of Global Affairs at the Johns Hopkins University School of Advanced International Studies, a Senior Fellow at the American Enterprise Institute and Associate Professor of Political Science at Tufts University, a Non-Resident Senior Fellow at the American Enterprise Institute)Elmer US-China Relations solves laundry list of existential threats.Paulson 15, H. M. "Dealing with China: An insider unmasks the new economic superpower. Hachette Book Group." Inc.: All Books (2015). (Former US Treasury Secretary)Elmer | 1/13/22 |
JF - DA - Broadband vs StarlinkTournament: College Prep | Round: Octas | Opponent: Andrew Park | Judge: Panel Starlink key to global broadbandMenon 21 ~Arun Menon Sep 8, 2021 08, "SpaceX's Starlink kickstarts a satellite broadband market that could disrupt telecom — Menon," Fierce Telecom, https://www.fiercetelecom.com/telecom/spacex-s-starlink-kickstarts-a-satellite-broadband-market-could-disrupt-telecom-menon accessed 12/19/21~ Adam ====Broadband is critical to American agriculture.==== Great power war.John Castellaw 17. 36-year veteran of the U.S. Marine Corps and the Founder and CEO of Farmspace Systems LLC, "Opinion: Food Security Strategy Is Essential to Our National Security," 5/1/17, https://www.agri-pulse.com/articles/9203-opinion-food-security-strategy-is-essential-to-our-national-security | 12/19/21 |
JF - DA - China Econ v1Tournament: debateLA | Round: 2 | Opponent: Anshul Reddy | Judge: Panel China's economy is on the brink.Lopez 21 Linette Lopez 10-24-2021 "If China's economy keeps stumbling, it won't just take down Beijing - the whoel world will collapse with it" https://archive.md/M4qjY~~#selection-2241.0-2250.1 (Linette is the senior finance correspondent at Business Insider, writing a combination of opinions and analysis. She joined BI in the summer of 2011 after graduating from Columbia University's School of Journalism.)Elmer Robust Chinese Space Industry key to Economic rejuvenation.Goswami 19 Namrata Goswami 2019 "What China Wants in Outer Space" https://www.thecairoreview.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/05/cr33-global-forum.pdf (Dr. Namrata Goswami is an independent scholar on space policy, great power politics, and ethnic conflicts. She was subject matter expert in international affairs with the Futures Laboratory, Alabama, U.S., and guest lecturer, India Today Class, Emory University. After earning her Ph.D. in international relations from Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, she worked as research fellow at the Institute for Defence Studies and Analyses, New Delhi. She has been a visiting fellow at Peace Research Institute, Oslo, Norway; La Trobe University, Melbourne, Australia; and University of Heidelberg, Germany.)Elmer Chinese Economic Decline spills-over globally.Rogoff 18 Kennetth Rogoff 11-7-2018 "The Global Impact of a Chinese Recession" https://www.project-syndicate.org/commentary/global-impact-of-chinese-recession-by-kenneth-rogoff-2018-11?barrier=accesspaylog (Professor of Economics and Public Policy at Harvard University and recipient of the 2011 Deutsche Bank Prize in Financial Economics, was the chief economist of the International Monetary Fund from 2001 to 2003.)Elmer Decline cascades – nuclear warMaavak 21 – Mathew Maavak, PhD in Risk Foresight from the Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, External Researcher (PLATBIDAFO) at the Kazimieras Simonavicius University, Expert and Regular Commentator on Risk-Related Geostrategic Issues at the Russian International Affairs Council, "Horizon 2030: Will Emerging Risks Unravel Our Global Systems?", Salus Journal – The Australian Journal for Law Enforcement, Security and Intelligence Professionals, Volume 9, Number 1, p. 2-8 | 1/13/22 |
JF - DA - Innovation v1Tournament: College Prep | Round: Octas | Opponent: Andrew Park | Judge: Panel Space Commercialization drives Tech Innovation in the Status Quo – it provides a unique impetus.Hampson 17 Joshua Hampson 1-25-2017 "The Future of Space Commercialization" https://republicans-science.house.gov/sites/republicans.science.house.gov/files/documents/TheFutureofSpaceCommercializationFinal.pdf (Security Studies Fellow at the Niskanen Center)Elmer Strong Innovation solves Extinction.Matthews 18 Dylan Matthews 10-26-2018 "How to help people millions of years from now" https://www.vox.com/future-perfect/2018/10/26/18023366/far-future-effective-altruism-existential-risk-doing-good (Co-founder of Vox, citing Nick Beckstead @ Rutgers University)Re-cut by Elmer | 12/19/21 |
JF - DA - Internet v1Tournament: BARKLEY FORUM FOR HIGH SCHOOLS | Round: 1 | Opponent: Katherine Shao | Judge: Chris Theis Terrestrial Internet Cables are vulnerable now – risks access.Griffiths 19 James Griffiths 7-26-2019 "The global internet is powered by vast undersea cables. But they're vulnerable." https://www.cnn.com/2019/07/25/asia/internet-undersea-cables-intl-hnk/index.html (CNN Analyst)ELmer Mega-constellations provide fast, affordable internet that bridges digital divide – independently, competition lowers prices across the board.Novo 21 Paula Novo 3-31-2021 "Will Starlink Change the Internet?' https://www.highspeedoptions.com/resources/insights/will-starlink-change-the-internet (With over four years of broadband experience, Paula Novo is the Site Editor and Senior Writer for HighSpeedOptions. She has helped develop the criterion by which HighSpeedOptions reviews and recommends internet service providers, striving to simplify and guide the user's decision toward the best communications services. Paula also leads HighSpeedOptions coverage of the digital divide, ISP reviews, and broadband policy.)Elmer It's comparably faster than current competitors.Lumanlan 21 August Dominic M Lumanlan 8-14-2021 "How Elon Musk's Starlink will be the future of the Internet" https://medium.com/@augustlumanlan2017/how-spacexs-starlink-will-be-the-future-of-the-internet-8f07adb4eb2 (Engineering Author)Elmer Internet solves extinctionEagleman 10 ~David Eagleman is a neuroscientist at Baylor College of Medicine, where he directs the Laboratory for Perception and Action and the Initiative on Neuroscience and Law and author of Sum (Canongate). Nov. 9, 2010, " Six ways the internet will save civilization," Independently, Starlink bridges the Splinternet – that solves Fake News and Disinformation propagated from censorship – affordable, un-blockable, and accessible internet is key to stop Authoritarianism.Koetsier 20 John Koetsier 1-9-2020 "Elon Musk's 42,000 StarLink Satellites Could Just Save the World" https://archive.is/K6Lq0~~#selection-3087.0-3131.123 (I've been a journalist, analyst, and corporate executive, and have chronicled the rise of the mobile economy. I built the VB Insight research team at VentureBeat)Elmer Authoritarianism causes Nuclear War.Diamond 19, Larry. Ill winds: Saving democracy from Russian rage, Chinese ambition, and American complacency. Penguin Books, 2019. (professor of Sociology and Political Science at Stanford University, PhD in Sociology)Elmer | 1/28/22 |
JF - DA - Internet vs StarlinkTournament: College Prep | Round: Octas | Opponent: Andrew Park | Judge: Panel Internet is open to massive vulnerabilities nowGriffiths 19 James Griffiths 7-26-2019 "The global internet is powered by vast undersea cables. But they're vulnerable." https://www.cnn.com/2019/07/25/asia/internet-undersea-cables-intl-hnk/index.html (CNN Analyst)ELmer SpaceX satellites are key to internet accessJames Pethokoukis 11/30 ~James Pethokoukis, a columnist and an economic policy analyst, is the Dewitt Wallace Fellow at the American Enterprise Institute, where he writes and edits the AEIdeas blog and hosts a weekly podcast, "Political Economy with James Pethokoukis." He is also a columnist for The Week and an official contributor to CNBC. "Why a SpaceX bankruptcy would hurt the global poor" Faster, Please! November 30, 2021 https://fasterplease.substack.com/p/-why-a-spacex-bankruptcy-would-hurt Internet access checks multiple existential threatsEagleman '10 ~Dr. David; 11/9/2010; PhD in Neuroscience @ Baylor University, Adjunct Professor of Neoroscience @ Stanford University, Former Guggenheim Fellow, Director of the Center for Science and Law, BA @ Rice University; "Six Ways The Internet Will Save Civilization"; https://www.wired.co.uk/article/apocalypse-no~~ | 12/19/21 |
JF - DA - PLA v1Tournament: BARKLEY FORUM FOR HIGH SCHOOLS | Round: Triples | Opponent: Ella Huang | Judge: Panel Xi is tightening control over the PLA but completing goals are critical.Krishnan 21 – Ananth, 11/18/21, ~'Xi tightened control over the PLA', TheHindu, https://www.thehindu.com/news/international/xi-tightened-control-over-the-pla/article37549460.ece~~ Justin Megaconstellations are part of China's core space agenda, is seen as their greatest opportunity to compete with the West, and is a national priority – the private sector is key and the plan is a 180Jones, 21 (Ash Jones, 4-27-2021, accessed on 1-23-2022, Industry Europe, "China's plans for a 13,000 satellite megaconstellation", https://industryeurope.com/sectors/aerospace-defence/china-s-plans-for-a-13-000-satellite-megaconstellation/)azhang That triggers backlash – they don't support restrictions on the space sector and will do everything to convince leaders not to do the plan – independently, is a reason the plan gets circumventedCheng 14 ~Dean Cheng, Senior Research Fellow in the Asia Studies Center at the Heritage Foundation, Former Senior Analyst at the China Studies Division of the Center for Naval Analyses, Former Senior Analyst with Science Applications International Corporation, "Prospects for U.S.-China Space Cooperation", Testimony before the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation, United States Senate, 4/9/2014, https://www.heritage.org/testimony/prospects-us-china-space-cooperation~~ An unhinged PLA triggers Himalayan war – goes globalChellaney 17 ~Dr. Brahma Chellaney, Professor of Strategic Studies at the Center for Policy Research and Fellow at the Robert Bosch Academy, PhD in International Studies from Jawaharlal Nehru University, "Why the Chinese Military's Rising Clout Troubles Xi Jinping", The National, 9/9/2017, https://www.thenational.ae/opinion/why-the-chinese-military-s-rising-clout-troubles-xi-jinping-1.626815?videoId=5754807360001~~ Extinction.Caldicott 17 – Helen, 2017, Founder of Physicians for Social Responsibility ~"The new nuclear danger: George W. Bush's military-industrial complex," The New Press~Elmer | 1/30/22 |
JF - DA - Precision Ag v1Tournament: debateLA | Round: 5 | Opponent: Maya Jen | Judge: Panel Constellations key to Precision Ag – key to food sustainability and increasing food supply to account for exponential population growth.Greensight 21 3-15-2021 "Can Starlink Save the World by Connecting Farms?" https://www.greensightag.com/logbook/can-starlink-save-the-world-by-connecting-farms/ (Data Management Consulting Firm)Elmer Food Insecurity goes nuclear – escalates multiple hotspots.Cribb 19 Julian Cribb 8-23-2019 "Food or War" https://www.cambridge.org/core/books/abs/food-or-war/hotspots-for-food-conflict-in-the-twentyfirst-century/1CD674412E09B8E6F325C9C0A0A6778A (principal of Julian Cribb and Associates who provide specialist consultancy in the communication of science, agriculture, food, mining, energy and the environment. , His published work includes over 8000 articles, 3000 media releases and eight books. He has received 32 awards for journalism.)Elmer | 1/14/22 |
JF - DA - Russia Appeasement v1Tournament: BARKLEY FORUM FOR HIGH SCHOOLS | Round: Finals | Opponent: Brett Fortier | Judge: Panel I will concede their argument, that Public Space Exploration will be done cooperatively between the US and Russia. I will argue that's bad. Cooperation is pocketed as appeasement.Payne 17 – Served in the Department of Defense as the Deputy Assistant Secretary of Defense for Forces Policy Dr. Keith B. Payne, "Russian strategy Expansion, crisis and conflict," Comparative Strategy, 2017. https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/01495933.2017.1277121?needAccess=true Putin soft power is low now, and that prevents Baltic adventurism that goes nuclear - legitimizing him through appeasement gives him an opening to make information warfare succeed.Kagan 19 - American resident scholar at the American Enterprise Institute, and a former professor of military history at the U.S. Military Academy at West Point, less famous brother of our favorite neighborhood neocon Robert Kagan Frederick W. Kagan, "CONFRONTING THE RUSSIAN CHALLENGE: A NEW APPROACH FOR THE U.S.," Institute for the Study of War. June 2019. https://www.politico.com/f/?id=0000016b-6eef-dc80-a3ff-ffff778c0000 *Apologies for it being super condensed - it's a 90 pg article | 2/12/22 |
JF - DA - Space Primacy v1Tournament: Arizona State HDSHC Invitational | Round: 2 | Opponent: Tea Forrest | Judge: Moon Sung Gwak Commercial Space Race favors American Companies that cements space dominance – shift away endangers our lead – losing green-lights Chinese Dominance across the board.Autry and Kwast 19 Greg Autry and Steve Kwast 8-22-2019 "America Is Losing the Second Space Race to China" (Greg Autry, a clinical professor of space leadership, policy, and business at Arizona State University's Thunderbird School of Global Management, and Steve Kwast)Elmer Public sector space growth undermines innovation necessary to maintain U.S space dominance.Beames 21 ~Charles Beames, Charles is currently the Executive Chairman of York Space Systems, a leader in commercial satellite design and manufacturing, as well as Chairman of the SmallSat Alliance. He is also a retired Air Force Colonel, having served 23 years in space and intelligence leadership positions around the world, 9-30-2021, Forbes, "It Is Time Our Government Stops Competing Against The Commercial Space Industry", https://www.forbes.com/sites/charlesbeames/2021/09/30/it-is-time-our-government-stops-competing-against-the-commercial-space-industry/ accessed on 12-21-2021~ Adam Hegemony solves Extinction.Ikenberry 20 John Ikenberry 6-9-2020 "The Next Liberal Order: The Age of Contagion Demands More Internationalism, Not Less" https://www.foreignaffairs.com/articles/united-states/2020-06-09/next-liberal-order (Albert G. Milbank Professor of Politics and International Affairs at Princeton University and Global Eminence Scholar at Kyung Hee University, in South Korea)Elmer Specifically, solves Nuclear War – shift causes Transition Wars.Khalizad 16 Zalmay Khalizad 3-23-2016 "4 Lessons about America's Role in the World" http://nationalinterest.org/feature/4-lessons-about-americas-role-the-world-15574?page=show (former U.S. ambassador to the United Nations, counselor at the CSIS)Elmer | 1/7/22 |
JF - DA - Weather Forecasting v1Tournament: debateLA | Round: 4 | Opponent: Alyssa Sawyer | Judge: Panel Starlink Mega-Constellations generates next-level advanced Weather Forecasting.Erwin 20 Sandra Erwin 10-14-2020 "SpaceX to explore ways to provide weather data to U.S. military" https://spacenews.com/spacex-to-explore-ways-to-provide-weather-data-to-u-s-military/ (Sandra Erwin writes about military space programs, policy, technology and the industry that supports this sector. She has covered the military, the Pentagon, Congress and the defense industry for nearly two decades as editor of NDIA's National Defense Magazine and Pentagon correspondent for Real Clear Defense.)Elmer Advanced Weather Forecasting solves Climate Change.Taylor-Smith 21 Kerry Taylor-Smith 3-25-2021 "What Role can Advanced Weather Forecasting have in Providing Climate Crisis Solutions?" https://www.azocleantech.com/article.aspx?ArticleID=1193 (Pursuing a passion for science, Kerry completed a degree in Natural Sciences at the University of Bath; where she studied a range of topics, including chemistry, biology, and environmental sciences. Her passion for writing grew as she worked on the university newspaper as a contributor, feature editor, and editor.)Elmer Warming causes ExtinctionKareiva 18, Peter, and Valerie Carranza. "Existential risk due to ecosystem collapse: Nature strikes back." Futures 102 (2018): 39-50. (Ph.D. in ecology and applied mathematics from Cornell University, director of the Institute of the Environment and Sustainability at UCLA, Pritzker Distinguished Professor in Environment and Sustainability at UCLA)Re-cut by Elmer | 1/14/22 |
JF - DA - Xi Lash out v1Tournament: College Prep | Round: 1 | Opponent: Rahul Mulpuri | Judge: Joanne Park Xi's regime is stable now, but its success depends on strong growth and private sector development.Mitter and Johnson 21 ~Rana Mitter and Elsbeth Johnson, Rana Mitter is a professor of the history and politics of modern China at Oxford. Elsbeth Johnson, formerly the strategy director for Prudential PLC's Asian business, is a senior lecturer at MIT's Sloan School of Management and the founder of SystemShift, a consulting firm. May-June 2021, "What the West Gets Wrong About China," Harvard Business Review, https://hbr.org/2021/05/what-the-west-gets-wrong-about-china accessed 12/14/21~ Adam Xi has committed to the commercial space industry as the linchpin of China's rise – the plan is seen as a complete 180Patel 21 ~Neel V. Patel, Neel is a space reporter for MIT Technology Review. 1-21-2021, "China's surging private space industry is out to challenge the US," MIT Technology Review, https://www.technologyreview.com/2021/01/21/1016513/china-private-commercial-space-industry-dominance/ accessed 12/14/21~ Adam Shifts in regime perception threatens CCP's legitimacy from nationalist hardlinersWeiss 19 Jessica Weiss 1-29-2019 "Authoritarian Audiences, Rhetoric, and Propaganda in International Crises: Evidence from China" http://www.jessicachenweiss.com/uploads/3/0/6/3/30636001/19-01-24-elite-statements-isq-ca.pdf (Associate Professor of Government at Cornell University)Elmer Xi will launch diversionary war to domestic backlash – escalates in multiple hotspotsNorris 17, William J. Geostrategic Implications of China's Twin Economic Challenges. CFR Discussion Paper, 2017. (Associate professor of Chinese foreign and security policy at Texas AandM University's Bush School of Government and Public Service)Elmer ====US–China war goes nuclear – crisis mis-management ensures conventional escalation - extinction==== | 12/18/21 |
JF - NC - Monism v1Tournament: Harvard Westlake | Round: 3 | Opponent: Rohan Thakur | Judge: Tej Gedela The Multiple Worlds Interpretation is cosmological consensus and best explains the wave function.Gribbin 20 ~John Gribbin (described by the Spectator as "one of the finest and most prolific writers of popular science around," is the author of, among other books, "In Search of Schrödinger's Cat," "The Universe: A Biography," and "Six Impossible Things," from which this article is excerpted. He is a Visiting Fellow in Astronomy at the University of Sussex, UK). "The Many-Worlds Theory, Explained". The MIT Press. May 20, 2020. Accessed 12/11/21. https://thereader.mitpress.mit.edu/the-many-worlds-theory/ Xu~ Implications –A~ predictions fail – the multiverse of all different possibilities illustrates the impossibility of predicting consequences – Newtonian and linear interpretations fail since every possibility occurs.B~ aggregation fails – a literal infinite number of universes with infinite life-forms and hedonic experiences renders aggregation nonsensical when calculating ethical implications.Quantum Monism solves and is verifiable.Päs 19 ~Heinrich Päs (Professor of Theoretical Physics at TU Dortmund University). "Quantum Monism Could Save the Soul of Physics". Scientific American. March 5, 2019. Accessed 12/10/21. https://blogs.scientificamerican.com/observations/quantum-monism-could-save-the-soul-of-physics/ Xu~ Monism negates –1~ Textuality –A~ private describes "belonging to or for the use of one particular person or group of people only" but monism proves particularities and groups cannot existB~ an entity is "independent, separate, or self-contained existence" but monism proves that neither of those things are true since we are all the sameC~ appropriation is "the action of taking something for one's own use, typically without the owner's permission" but monism disproves the concept of "one" and "owner"D~ the rez specifies "entities" as plural systems which is incoherent since plurality is impossible.Fiat doesn't solve because its intrinsic to the nature of rez and doesn't change viewing X as Y.2~ Affirming is impossible because outer space and other entities aren't separate entities, just variations in the monistic singularity. Their inherency proves that the squo is the blobject. Since action is prescripted behavior of the blobject, the only possible outcome is the squo which means there's no ethical culpability.That negates: a) ought statements require conduct between agents – even if one has a duty for them self, it assumes a difference between the self and the mind; otherwise it's not a duty since its just self-imposed and b) plurality impossible means change is impossible as it goes from one state from existing to not existing, but monism proves that one thing exists which can't not exist since it's everything. C) cross apply their inherency – proves the aff is happening right now | 1/16/22 |
JF - T - Appropriation v1Tournament: College Prep | Round: Octas | Opponent: Andrew Park | Judge: Panel Interpretation—-"Appropriation of outer space" by private entities refers to the exercise of exclusive control of space.TIMOTHY JUSTIN TRAPP, JD Candidate @ UIUC Law, '13, TAKING UP SPACE BY ANY OTHER MEANS: COMING TO TERMS WITH THE NONAPPROPRIATION ARTICLE OF THE OUTER SPACE TREATY UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS LAW REVIEW ~Vol. 2013 No. 4~ Violation—-starlink doesn't create exclusive control of any part of space it just creates satellitesStandards—-1~ Limits—their interp means that affs about any outer space activity are topical: tourism, photography, sending rovers, collecting ice cores, launching satellites, deflecting debris, can't sell rocks on EBAY, etc. This explodes neg prep burdens since affs are pushed to the fringes of the topic where no neg lit exists2~ Ground—they shift the controversy from sovereign domination to minute activity. The topic literature is grounded in a debate over sovereign control over space, which means core neg generics are space ownership bad, space democracy bad, not temporary resource extraction or expeditions. Their interp minimizes link uniqueness because our impacts will never be overcome the advantage.Fairness and education are voters – debate's a game that needs rules to evaluate it and education gives us portable skills like research, its why schools fund debateDrop the debater for skewing neg prep—DTA is incoherent, if we win T that means we no longer have the burden of rejoinder.Use competing interps – reasonability invites arbitrary britelines and judge intervention. CI is a prerequisite to reasonability because you have to use offense to determine if their interp is reasonable. | 12/19/21 |
JF - T - Appropriation v2Tournament: BARKLEY FORUM FOR HIGH SCHOOLS | Round: Finals | Opponent: Brett Fortier | Judge: Panel 1~ Interp - Appropriation means permanent control over a region of space.Trapp 13, Timothy Justin. "Taking up Space by Any Other Means: Coming to Terms with Nonappropriation Article of the Outer Space Treaty." U. Ill. L. Rev. (2013): 1681. (JD Candidate at UIUC Law School)Re-cut by Elmer 2~ Violation – The Affirmative Plan Text says Space Tourism which isn't a form of Appropriation, Appropriation is travel over a short duration – the events are neither permanent nor limit other uses by other actors of a particular region of space.Henderson and Tsui 19 Henderson, I. L., and W. H. K. Tsui. "The role of niche aviation operations as tourist attractions." Air transport: A tourism perspective (2019): 233-244. (Massey University School of Aviation, Palmerston North, New Zealand)Elmer 3~ Standards –a~ Limits – Expanding the Topic to include temporary actions explodes Topic Ground – Aff's can affect temporary docking of private actors on the ISS, using lunar bases in a temporary manner for broader space exploration efforts, satellites that go up temporarily in orbit – this devastates predictable topic division.b~ Extra-Topicality – Allowing Aff's to affects other aspects of outer space like Space Tourism that aren't Appropriation gives them access to extra impacts and advantages that they can leverage proven by their ozone offense and we can't turn it since it wasn't grounded in the resolution. | 2/12/22 |
JF - T - Extra-T vs Global CommonsTournament: College Prep | Round: 4 | Opponent: Wyeth Renwick | Judge: Alexandra Mork 1~ Interp – Unjust refers to a negative action – it means contrary.Black Laws No Date "What is Unjust?" https://thelawdictionary.org/unjust/ Elmer 2~ Violation – The Aff is a positive action – it creates a new concept for Space i.e. the treating of Space as a "Global Commons".3~ Standards –a~ Limits – making the topic bi-directional explodes predictability – it means that Aff's can both increase non-exist property regimes in space AND decrease appropriation by private actors – makes the topic untenable.b~ Ground – wrecks Neg Generics – we can't say appropriation good since the 1AC can create new views on Outer Space Property Rights that circumvent our Links since they can say "Global Commons" approach solves.4~ TVA – just defend that space appropriation is bad.a~ Topicality is Drop the Debater – it's a fundamental baseline for debate-ability.b~ Use Competing Interps – 1~ Topicality is a yes/no question, you can't be reasonably topical and 2~ Reasonability invites arbitrary judge intervention and a race to the bottom of questionable argumentation.c~ No RVI's - 1~ Forces the 1NC to go all-in on Theory which kills substance education, 2~ Encourages Baiting since the 1AC will purposely be abusive, and 3~ Illogical – you shouldn't win for not being abusive. | 12/18/21 |
JF - T - T-FWTournament: College Prep | Round: 6 | Opponent: Vincent Li | Judge: Charles Karcher Interpretation: Topical affirmatives may only garner offense from the hypothetical implementation by governments that The appropriation of outer space by private entities is unjustResolved requires policy actionLouisiana State Legislature (https://www.legis.la.gov/legis/Glossary.aspx) Ngong AppropriationTIMOTHY JUSTIN TRAPP, JD Candidate @ UIUC Law, '13, TAKING UP SPACE BY ANY OTHER MEANS: COMING TO TERMS WITH THE NONAPPROPRIATION ARTICLE OF THE OUTER SPACE TREATY UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS LAW REVIEW ~Vol. 2013 No. 4~ Topicality is key to limits and ground—-redefining portions of the resolution permits endless reclarification AND creates incentives for avoidance—-only aligning research with agent and mechanism solves.Two impacts:1—-Fairness—-an unlimited, unpredictable topic disparately raises the research burden for the negative — treat this is a sufficient win condition because fairness is the logical structure that undergirds all impacts AND controls any benefit to debate.Dascal and Knoll '11 ~Marcelo and Amnon; May 18th; former Professor of Philosophy at Tel Aviv University, B.A. in Philosophy from the University of Sao Paulo; former Professor of Philosophy at Tel Aviv University; Argumentation: Cognition and Community, "'Cognitive systemic dichotomization' in public argumentation and controversies," p. 20-25~ 2—-Clash—-forfeiting government action sanctions retreat from controversy and forces the negative to concede solvency before winning a link — clash is the necessary condition for distinguishing debate from discussion, but negation exists on a sliding scale — that jumpstarts the process of critical thinking, reflexivity, and argument refinement.3—-Movement Lawyering Skills – contingent, focused debates around locus points of difference are key to develop activists skills for political justice.Archer 18, Deborah N. "Political Lawyering for the 21st Century." Denv. L. Rev. 96 (2018): 399. (Associate Professor of Clinical Law at NYU School of Law)Elmer TVA—-States ought to ban appropriation of outer space by private actors—-Advs about why space col, expansion, and mining is antiblack.Eric Niiler 19, 7-11-2019, "Why Civil Rights Activists Protested the Moon Landing," HISTORY, https://www.history.com/news/apollo-11-moon-landing-launch-protests Switch side debate solves all of their offense—there's no specific reason why their arguments have to be read on the aff—that solves predictability and accesses their education impact turns because plans on the aff and Ks on the neg can challenge perspectives, stances, representations, and epistemologies | 12/19/21 |
JF - Theory - OSpecTournament: Harvard Westlake | Round: 5 | Opponent: Chris Sims | Judge: Samantha McLoughlin Interp: The affirmative must define "outer space" in a delimited text in the 1AC."Outer Space" is flexible and has too many interps – normal means shows no consensus and makes the round irresolvable since the judge doesn't know how to compare between types of offense and o/w since it's a side constraint on decision making – independently turns judicial application.Leepuengtham 17 ~Tosaporn Leepuengtham (Research Judge, Intellectual Property and International Trade Division, Supreme Court of Thailand). "International space law and its implications for outer space activities." 01-27-2017, Accessed 12-9-2021. https://www.elgaronline.com/view/9781785369612/06_chapter1.xhtml duongie Violation – you don't.Prefer –1~ Stable Advocacy – they can redefine in the 1AR to wriggle out of DA's which kills high-quality engagement and becomes two ships passing in the night – triggers presumption since the aff wasn't subject to well researched scrutiny. We lose access to Tech Race DA's, Asteroid DA's, basic case turns, and core process counter plans that have different definitions and 1NC pre-round prep. That also means that cx doesn't check since our preround prep is skewed plus judges don't flow cx so its non verifiable2~ Real World – Policy makers will always define the entity that they are recognizing. It also means zero solvency, absent spec, private entities can circumvent since there is no delineated way to enforce the aff and means their solvency can't actualize.OSspec isn't regressive or arbitrary – its core topic lit for what happens when the aff is implemented and cannot be discounted from policies that require enforcement to function. | 1/16/22 |
ND - CP - Compulsory Voting v1Tournament: Damus | Round: 1 | Opponent: Rahul Mulpuri | Judge: Vishnu Vennelakanti Counterplan text: In a just government of the European Union, voting in all elections should be compulsoryThat re-instates democratic legitimacy of European institutions, re-unify the EU as a political body that resists nationalist tendencies, and harmonize the political landscapeMalkopoulou 9, Anthoula. "Lost Voters: Participation in EU elections and the case for compulsory voting." CEPS Working Document 317 (2009). (Docent and Lecturer at the Department of Government, Uppsala University. She has been a Marie Curie Fellow at the same department and a visiting fellow at the Faculty of Arts Program)Elmer | 11/6/21 |
ND - CP - Congress v1Tournament: Damus | Round: 5 | Opponent: Shaye Lee | Judge: Serena Lu Counterplan Text:The United States Congress should do the aff plan.The counterplan builds on current legislative momentum and buys federal follow-on.Talbot et al. '21 (Haley; writer for NBC News; 3-9-2021; "House passes 'Protect the Right to Organize Act,' 255-206, sends bill to Senate"; NBC News; https://www.nbcnews.com/politics/congress/house-passes-protect-right-organize-act-225-206-sends-bill-n1260312; Accessed: 10-30-2021; AU) Congress is key to addressing fundamental flaws with striking laws – spills over to broader reform.Rhinehart '21 (Lynn; writer for the Economic Policy Institute; 2-26-2021; "Six ways the Protecting the Right to Organize (PRO) Act restores workers' bargaining power"; Economic Policy Institute; https://www.epi.org/blog/six-ways-the-protecting-the-right-to-organize-pro-act-restores-workers-bargaining-power/; Accessed: 10-30-2021; AU) The issue with RTS isn't legality – it's legislative loopholes, which only Congress can amend.Reddy '21 (Diana; contributor to The Yale Law Journal; 1-6-2021; "'There Is no Such Thing as an Illegal Strike': Reconceptualizing the Strike in Law and Political Economy"; The Yale Law Journal; https://www.yalelawjournal.org/forum/there-is-no-such-thing-as-an-illegal-strike-reconceptualizing-the-strike-in-law-and-political-economy; Accessed: 10-30-2021; AU) Labor reform is key to restoring congressional legitimacyAFL-CIO 19 ~The American Federation of Labor and Congress of Industrial Organizations, 9-12-2019, "Make Labor Law Reform a Priority in 2020," AFL-CIO, https://aflcio.org/about/leadership/statements/make-labor-law-reform-priority-2020~~ Adam Congressional strength solves effective foreign policy—-including foreign assistanceWright 18 (ANDREW MCCANSE WRIGHT, Associate Professor, Savannah Law School, EXTRATERRITORIAL CONGRESSIONAL OVERSIGHT, 64 Wayne L. Rev. 227, y2k) Effective security assistance solves extinction—-oversight solves miscalculated warsBergman 21 (Max Bergmann is a senior fellow at American Progress, A Plan To Reform U.S. Security Assistance, 3-9, https://www.americanprogress.org/issues/security/reports/2021/03/09/496788/plan-reform-u-s-security-assistance/, y2k) Aspec—they didn't—key to ground—who the agent is affects the majority of neg ground from circumvention arguments, agent-based disads, and process counterplans all of which are key on a large, aff-biased topic. The implication is you should stick them with normal means, but if they contest competition then this is a voting issue.It competes1~ "Recognizing" a right requires action from the Supreme Court.LII 'ND (Legal Information Institute; subset of Cornell Law School dedicated to maintaining an open-source repository of legal information and definitions; "Fundamental Right"; Legal Information Institute; https://www.law.cornell.edu/wex/fundamental_right; Accessed: 10-30-2021; AU) 2~ Legal experts prove Congress cannot recognize rights – the resolution's wording outlaws Congressional affs.Maltz et al. 'ND (Earl; professor of law at Rutgers University; "The Fourteenth Amendment Enforcement Clause"; Interactive Constitution; https://constitutioncenter.org/interactive-constitution/interpretation/amendment-xiv/clauses/703; Accessed: 10-30-2021; AU) | 11/7/21 |
ND - CP - ICJ v1Tournament: Damus | Round: 1 | Opponent: Rahul Mulpuri | Judge: Vishnu Vennelakanti ~A just European union ought to~ request the International Court of Justice issue an advisory opinion over whether they ought to ~establish an unconditional right to strike~. ~a just European union~ ought to abide by the outcome of the advisory opinion.Solves – the ICJ will rule in favor of an unconditional right to strike.Seifert '18 (Achim; Professor of Law at the University of Jena, and adjunct professor at the University of Luxembourg; December 2018; "The protection of the right to strike in the ILO: some introductory remarks"; CIELO Laboral; http://www.cielolaboral.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/12/seifert_noticias_cielo_n11_2018.pdf; Accessed: 11-3-2021; AU) Compliance ensures faith in global democratic institutions – solves nuclear war.Hawksley '16 ~Humphrey; formerly the BBC's Beijing Bureau Chief and author of The Third World War: A Novel of Global Conflict and Asian Waters: American, China, and the Global Paradox; 11-19-2016; "Trump makes International Law Crucial for Peace"; Humphrey Hawksley; https://www.humphreyhawksley.com/trump-makes-international-law-crucial-for-peace/; Accessed 4-1-2020; AH~ Credible ICJ solves Global ConflictDavis 18, Christina L., and Julia C. Morse. "Protecting trade by legalizing political disputes: Why countries bring cases to the international court of justice." International Studies Quarterly 62.4 (2018): 709-722. (Professor of Government, Harvard University)Elmer Domestic courts follow-on – ICJ hijacks Stigma warrantsPetersen 17, Niels. "The International Court of Justice and the judicial politics of identifying customary international law." European Journal of International Law 28.2 (2017): 357-385. (Professor of Public Law, International Law, EU Law, and Empirical Legal Studies at the University of Münster)Elmer Perm results in mootness that causes the ICJ to throw it outAnastassov 10, Anguel. "Are nuclear weapons illegal? The role of public international law and the international court of justice." Journal of Conflict and Security Law 15.1 (2010): 65-87. (PhD, Senior Research Fellow at the Institute of Legal Studies, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences)Elmer UN Charter solves – empirics.Abiodun 18 ~Amuda-Kannike, and Sylvanus Abila. "A Critical Examination of the Enforcement of ICJ Decisions through the Organs of the United Nations." Journal of Law and Criminal Justice 6.1 (2018): 21-46. Faculty of Law at Poma University~ Elmer | 11/6/21 |
ND - CP - ICJ v2Tournament: Damus | Round: Quarters | Opponent: Sarah Li | Judge: Panel ~A just government ought to~ request the International Court of Justice issue an advisory opinion over whether they ought to ~establish an unconditional right to strike~. ~A just government~ ought to abide by the outcome of the advisory opinion.Solves – the ICJ will rule in favor of an unconditional right to strike.Seifert '18 (Achim; Professor of Law at the University of Jena, and adjunct professor at the University of Luxembourg; December 2018; "The protection of the right to strike in the ILO: some introductory remarks"; CIELO Laboral; http://www.cielolaboral.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/12/seifert_noticias_cielo_n11_2018.pdf; Accessed: 11-3-2021; AU) US compliance ensures faith in global democratic institutions – solves nuclear war.Hawksley '16 ~Humphrey; formerly the BBC's Beijing Bureau Chief and author of The Third World War: A Novel of Global Conflict and Asian Waters: American, China, and the Global Paradox; 11-19-2016; "Trump makes International Law Crucial for Peace"; Humphrey Hawksley; https://www.humphreyhawksley.com/trump-makes-international-law-crucial-for-peace/; Accessed 4-1-2020; AH~ Nuke war causes extinctionChecked | 11/11/21 |
ND - CP - ICJ v3Tournament: Damus | Round: Semis | Opponent: Maya Jen | Judge: Panel ~A just government ought to~ request the International Court of Justice issue an advisory opinion over whether they ought to ~establish an unconditional right to strike~. ~A just government~ ought to abide by the outcome of the advisory opinion.Solves – the ICJ will rule in favor of an unconditional right to strike.Seifert '18 (Achim; Professor of Law at the University of Jena, and adjunct professor at the University of Luxembourg; December 2018; "The protection of the right to strike in the ILO: some introductory remarks"; CIELO Laboral; http://www.cielolaboral.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/12/seifert_noticias_cielo_n11_2018.pdf; Accessed: 11-3-2021; AU) ICJ legitimacy is key to global multilateralism and crisis stability – it's declining now.Kornelios Korneliou 18 ~Permanent Representative of Cyprus and Vice-President of the 73rd Session of the UN General assembly, "Report of the International Court of Justice," United Nations, 10-25-2018 https://www.un.org/pga/73/2018/10/25/report-of-the-international-court-of-justice/~~ Recut Justin Multilateralism solves a laundry list of impacts – even a tiny net benefit is enough to o/w the AFFEsther Brimmer 14 ~Assistant Secretary for the Bureau of International Organization Affairs at the United States Department of State from April 2009 to June 2013, "Smart Power" and Multilateral Diplomacy, June, http://transatlantic.sais-jhu.edu/publications/books/Smarter20Power/Chapter20420brimmer.pdf~~ Recut Justin | 11/11/21 |
ND - CP - Legality PIK v1Tournament: Damus | Round: Quarters | Opponent: Sarah Li | Judge: Panel Advocacy – We affirm a Communicative Strike against the World Computer. To Clarify – this is a PIK out of their demand for Legal Government Recognition.Solves 100 of their Aff – Ctl-F Test for "Right" or "Recognize" appears four times, none of them in the context of "Legal Recognition", all of their evidence is about the power of current, status quo communicative strikes against the system being good – they have card zero saying Legal Recognition is key to any of that.The Net Benefit is De-Radicalization. Legally recognizing the right to strike renders it ineffective by de-radicalizing movements, decks solvency and turns case.White 18 (, A., 2018. Its Own Dubious Battle: The Impossible Defense of an Effective Right to Strike. ~online~ Colorado Law Scholarly Commons. Available at: https://scholar.law.colorado.edu/articles/1261/ ~Accessed 7 November 2021~ Ahmed White is the Nicholas Rosenbaum Professor of Law. Before arriving at the University of Colorado, he was a visitor at Northwestern University in 1999. He has also taught at Villanova Law School. Earlier in his career, Professor White's research focused heavily on the fate of rule of law norms and the rule of law concept in capitalist society, and on the role of criminal law and punishment as mechanisms of social control of the working class. More recently, Professor White's scholarship has taken a more definite historical turn. Much of his work concerns the history of law and labor relations from the early Twentieth Century through the New Deal period, as well as the viability of a functional system of labor rights in liberal society. The subjects of many of his articles over the last decade or so, these themes are central to his recent, acclaimed book, The Last Great Strike: Little Steel, the CIO, and the Struggle for Labor Rights in New Deal America (Oakland: University of California, 2016). They also feature in his second book, tentatively titled The Romance and the Suffering: Law, Violence, and the Tragic Fate of Radical Industrial Unionism in Twentieth Century America, which will be published by the University of California Press in 2021.)-rahulpenu | 11/11/21 |
ND - CP - Legality PIK v2Tournament: Glenbrooks | Round: 4 | Opponent: Arya Bhat | Judge: Alex Rivera Advocacy – We affirm the right of Palestinian workers to strike. To Clarify – this is a PIK out of their demand for Legal Government Recognition.Solves 100 of their Aff – Ctl-F Test for "Right" or "Recognize" it appears in none of their highlighted portions and, none of them in the context of "Legal Recognition", all of their evidence is about the power of current, status quo strikes against the system being good – they have card zero saying Legal Recognition is key to any of that.The Net Benefit is De-Radicalization. Legally recognizing the right to strike renders it ineffective by de-radicalizing movements, decks solvency and turns case.White 18 (, A., 2018. Its Own Dubious Battle: The Impossible Defense of an Effective Right to Strike. ~online~ Colorado Law Scholarly Commons. Available at: https://scholar.law.colorado.edu/articles/1261/ ~Accessed 7 November 2021~ Ahmed White is the Nicholas Rosenbaum Professor of Law. Before arriving at the University of Colorado, he was a visitor at Northwestern University in 1999. He has also taught at Villanova Law School. Earlier in his career, Professor White's research focused heavily on the fate of rule of law norms and the rule of law concept in capitalist society, and on the role of criminal law and punishment as mechanisms of social control of the working class. More recently, Professor White's scholarship has taken a more definite historical turn. Much of his work concerns the history of law and labor relations from the early Twentieth Century through the New Deal period, as well as the viability of a functional system of labor rights in liberal society. The subjects of many of his articles over the last decade or so, these themes are central to his recent, acclaimed book, The Last Great Strike: Little Steel, the CIO, and the Struggle for Labor Rights in New Deal America (Oakland: University of California, 2016). They also feature in his second book, tentatively titled The Romance and the Suffering: Law, Violence, and the Tragic Fate of Radical Industrial Unionism in Twentieth Century America, which will be published by the University of California Press in 2021.)-rahulpenu Palestinians are already striking as a way to form collective identity and resist IsraelKingsley 21 ~Patrick Kingsley is the Jerusalem bureau chief, covering Israel and the occupied territories. He has reported from more than 40 countries, written two books and previously covered migration and the Middle East for The Guardian, 5-18-2021, "In Show of Unity, Palestinians Strike Across West Bank, Gaza and Israel," New York Times, https://www.nytimes.com/2021/05/18/world/middleeast/palestine-strike.html accessed 11/20/21~ Adam The presentation of a right to strike as a form of benevolent governance bestowed by the state on Indigenous communities problematizes Indigenous nonconformity as the cause of labor exploitation and shifts the analytical frame of criticism away from the settler state.Strakosch 17 Elizabeth Strakosch, 10-21-17, Neoliberal Indigenous Policy: Settler Colonialism and the "Post-Welfare" State, https://books.google.com/books/bout/Neoliberal_Indigenous_Policy.html?id=TPFbrgEACAAJ mvp | 11/21/21 |
ND - CP - Self-Directed Enterprise v1Tournament: Glenbrooks | Round: 5 | Opponent: Nora Bolsani | Judge: Akshay Manglik Plan text: Firms should be transformed into worker self-directed enterprises.Wolff ND - Richard D. Wolff ~professor of economics emeritus at the University of Massachusetts, Amherst and a visiting professor at the New School in New York City. He has also taught economics at Yale University, the City University of New York, and the University of Paris I (Sorbonne)~, "Start with Worker Self-Directed Enterprises," The Next System Project. https://thenextsystem.org/sites/default/files/2017-08/RickWolff.pdf AT Empirics prove prove that self-directed are more democratic and successful.Jerry Ashton, 13 - ("The Worker Self-Directed Enterprise: A "Cure" for Capitalism, or a Slippery Slope to Socialism?," HuffPost, 1-2-2013, accessed 11-16-2021, https://www.huffpost.com/entry/worker-self-directed-enterprise_b_2385334)//MS Counterplans do negate since they prove an opportunity cost to the resolution which disproves the thesis | 11/21/21 |
ND - CP - UBI v1Tournament: Damus | Round: 3 | Opponent: Andrew Wesel | Judge: Parth Misra Text:The 50 states and all relevant territories ought to establish a universal basic income at $1,000 a month to all legal adultsWe defend a UBI Financed by the federal reserve Outlaw strikes ~teachers~ refusing to enforce any protection of the Right to Strike in the event of a Strike.Fine strikes $1 Million for each day of missed work.Boosts GDP, labor force participation, prices, and wages.Michalis Nikiforos, Marshall Steinbaum, and Gennaro Zezza 17, Michalis Nikiforos is a research scholar working in the State of the US and World Economies program, Marshall Steinbaum is Research Director and a Fellow at the Roosevelt Institute, Gennaro Zezza is an associate professor of economics at the University of Cassino, Italy, 8-29-2017, "Modeling the Macroeconomic Effects of a Universal Basic Income," Roosevelt Institute, http://rooseveltinstitute.org/modeling-macroeconomic-effects-ubi//HM | 11/7/21 |
ND - DA - Business Confidence v1Tournament: Damus | Round: 1 | Opponent: Rahul Mulpuri | Judge: Vishnu Vennelakanti Business Confidence is high now – best surveys.ICAEW 8-20 8-20-2021 "Business confidence remains at record high as economy gets sales boost" https://www.icaew.com/about-icaew/news/press-release-archive/2021-news-releases/business-confidence-remains-at-record-high-as-economy-gets-sales-boost (Institute of Chartered Accountants in England and Wales)Elmer Specifically, EU business confidence is high now and increasing.CEIC 21, ~CEIC 2021 updated monthly "EU Business Confidence Growth, 1986 – 2021," CEIC, https://www.ceicdata.com/en/indicator/european-union/business-confidence-growth~~ Adam Corporate optimism, specifically investment, drives self-sustaining recovery.Van der Welle 7-7 Peter Van der Welle 7-7-2021 "How capex holds the key to a self-sustaining economic recovery" https://www.robeco.com/latam/en/insights/2021/07/how-capex-holds-the-key-to-a-self-sustaining-economic-recovery.html (Strategist within the Global Macro team, M.A. in Economics from Tilburg University)Elmer Business confidence is the best indicator for growth.Khan 20, Hashmat, and Santosh Upadhayaya. "Does business confidence matter for investment?." Empirical Economics 59.4 (2020): 1633-1665. (Economics Professor at Carleton University)Elmer Economic decline results in multilateral breakdown that causes state collapse, conflict, climate change, and Arctic and Space War.McLennan 21 – Strategic Partners Marsh McLennan SK Group Zurich Insurance Group, Academic Advisers National University of Singapore Oxford Martin School, University of Oxford Wharton Risk Management and Decision Processes Center, University of Pennsylvania, "The Global Risks Report 2021 16th Edition" "http://www3.weforum.org/docs/WEF_The_Global_Risks_Report_2021.pdf Re-cut by Elmer | 11/6/21 |
ND - DA - Gender Diversity v1Tournament: Damus | Round: 3 | Opponent: Andrew Wesel | Judge: Parth Misra Women are coming back to the workforce – but that hinges on stable school environmentsDmitrieva and Shah 11/5 ~Katia Dmitrieva and Jill R Shah, Jill and Katia are reporters for Bloomberg. 11-5-2021, "U.S. Women Are Coming Back to the Job Market," Bloomberg, https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2021-11-05/u-s-women-come-back-to-job-market-as-school-year-gets-under-way~~ Adam Teacher strikes disproportionately hurt female participation in the workforceJaume and Willén 19 ~David Jaume y Alexander Willén, Jaume holds a Ph.D. in Economics from Cornell University, a master's in economics from Universidad Nacional de La Plata (Argentina), and a BA in Economics from Universidad Nacional de Cuyo (Argentina). He is also a research affiliate at the Center for Distributive, Labor, and Social Studies (CEDLAS). Willén is a Professor of Economics at the Norwegian School of Economics. My main fields of interest are labor economics, public economics, and economics of education. He holds a PhD in Policy Analysis from Cornell University (2018), a MPP in Public Policy from Georgetown University (2013) and a BA from Durham University (2011). March 2019, Centro de Estudios Distributivos, https://www.cedlas.econo.unlp.edu.ar/wp/wp-content/uploads/doc_cedlas243.pdf Accessed 11/5/21~ Adam Gender diversity in the workforce is key to innovationLorenzo 17 ~Rocio, Partner and managing director at The Boston Consulting Group, J.D. University of Passau and University of Santiago de Compostela, "The Mix That Matters: Innovation Through Diversity," 4/26, https://www.bcg.com/publications/2017/people-organization-leadership-talent-innovation-through-diversity-mix-that-matters.aspx Accessed 11/5/21~ Adam Strong Innovation solves Extinction.Matthews 18 Dylan Matthews 10-26-2018 "How to help people millions of years from now" https://www.vox.com/future-perfect/2018/10/26/18023366/far-future-effective-altruism-existential-risk-doing-good (Co-founder of Vox, citing Nick Beckstead @ Rutgers University)Re-cut by Elmer | 11/7/21 |
ND - DA - Mass Transit v1Tournament: Glenbrooks | Round: 5 | Opponent: Nora Bolsani | Judge: Akshay Manglik Transportation Strikes are low now due to Federal Strike Bans.Bauernschuster et Al 17, Stefan, Timo Hener, and Helmut Rainer. "When labor disputes bring cities to a standstill: The impact of public transit strikes on traffic, accidents, air pollution, and health." American Economic Journal: Economic Policy 9.1 (2017): 1-37. (Faculty of Business Administration and Economics, University of Passau, Innstra)Elmer Transit Strikes cause mass damage that far outweighs any benefits – specifically causes high Air Pollution by causing shifts to Personal Traffic.Bauernschuster et Al 17, Stefan, Timo Hener, and Helmut Rainer. "When labor disputes bring cities to a standstill: The impact of public transit strikes on traffic, accidents, air pollution, and health." American Economic Journal: Economic Policy 9.1 (2017): 1-37. (Faculty of Business Administration and Economics, University of Passau, Innstra)Elmer Stable Mass Transit solves Transport Emissions which cause Warming.Ionescu 21 Diana Ionescu 11-5-2021 "To Fight Climate Change, Support Public Transit" https://www.planetizen.com/news/2021/11/115186-fight-climate-change-support-public-transit (Diana is a contributing editor to Planetizen.)Elmer Warming causes ExtinctionKareiva 18, Peter, and Valerie Carranza. "Existential risk due to ecosystem collapse: Nature strikes back." Futures 102 (2018): 39-50. (Ph.D. in ecology and applied mathematics from Cornell University, director of the Institute of the Environment and Sustainability at UCLA, Pritzker Distinguished Professor in Environment and Sustainability at UCLA)Re-cut by Elmer | 11/21/21 |
ND - DA - Voting Reform v1Tournament: Damus | Round: Semis | Opponent: Maya Jen | Judge: Panel Voting Reform passes now – unified Democrat Support and support for Filibuster Reform/Republican Support but it's razor thin.Benen 10-14 Steve Benen 10-14-2021 "As Schumer readies vote, does the Freedom to Vote Act have a chance?" https://www.msnbc.com/rachel-maddow-show/schumer-readies-vote-does-freedom-vote-act-have-chance-n1281546 (American political writer and blogger, an MSNBC contributor)Elmer Yes Filibuster Reform for Voting Reform – cracks are opening but aggressive and un-wavering Biden pressure is key.Kroll 10-20 Andry Kroll 10-20-2021 "McConnell Just BLocked a Voting-Rights Bill. It's All Part of Democrat's Plan" https://archive.md/pDGm0~~#selection-1501.1-1507.245 (Washington, D.C., bureau chief for Rolling Stone.)Elmer Right to Strike Policies cause mass Partisan Fights.Kreighbaum et Al 21 Andrew Kreighbaum et Al 3-9-2021 "Landmark Labor Law Overhaul Passes House but Senate Fate Unclear" https://news.bloomberglaw.com/daily-labor-report/landmark-labor-law-overhaul-passes-house-but-senate-fate-unclear (Reporter at Bloomberg Law)Elmer Republicans love private prison labor – expanding protections sparks Congressional backlash.Jan '18 (Tracy; writer for the Washington Post; 3-16-2018; "These GOP lawmakers say it's okay for imprisoned immigrants to work for a $1 a day"; The Washington Post; https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/wonk/wp/2018/03/16/republican-congressmen-defend-1-a-day-wage-for-immigrant-detainees-who-work-in-private-prisons/; Accessed: 11-7-2021; AU) Voting Reform through the FTPA solves democracy - laundry list of warrants.Weiser et al. 21 (, D., Weiser, W. and Erney, D., 2021. Congress Must Pass the 'For the People Act'. ~online~ Brennan Center for Justice. Available at: https://www.brennancenter.org/our-work/policy-solutions/congress-must-pass-people-act ~Accessed 6 November 2021~ Daniel I. Weiner serves as deputy director of the Brennan Center's Election Reform Program, where he helps to lead the Center's work on money in politics, election security, government ethics, and other democracy and rule of law issues. He is the author or co-author of several nationally recognized reports, and also writes and comments regularly for media outlets such as the New York Times, the Washington Post, Slate, MSNBC, and NPR. He has provided policy advice and drafting assistance to lawmakers in Washington and across the country, and delivered testimony and briefings to Congress, state legislatures, and federal and state agencies. Wendy Weiser directs the Democracy Program at the Brennan Center for Justice at NYU School of Law, a nonpartisan think tank and public interest law center that works to revitalize, reform, and defend systems of democracy and justice. Her program focuses on voting rights and elections, money in politics and ethics, redistricting and representation, government dysfunction, rule of law, and fair courts. She founded and directed the program's Voting Rights and Elections Project, directing litigation, research, and advocacy efforts to enhance political participation and prevent voter disenfranchisement across the country.)-rahulpenu Democratic governance solves Existential Threats – climate change, economic crises, and nuclear war are all exacerbated in an autocratic world.Kolodziej '17 ~Edward; May 19; Emeritus Research Professor of Political Science at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign; EUC Paper Series, "Challenges to the Democratic Project for Governing Globalization," https://www.ideals.illinois.edu/bitstream/handle/2142/96620/Kolodziej Introduction 5.19.17.pdf?sequence=2andisAllowed=y~ | 11/11/21 |
ND - K - Setcol v1Tournament: Damus | Round: Semis | Opponent: Maya Jen | Judge: Panel Settler colonialism is a constant state of incarceration for Indigeneity. The affirmatives reform to the criminal justice system is a veil of neutrality that enables more insidious forms of settler elimination.Anthony, 20—Senior Lecturer in Law at the University of Technology, Sydney (Thalia, "Settler-Colonial Governmentality: The Carceral Webs Woven by Law and Politics," Questioning Indigenous-Settler Relations, Chapter 2, pp 33-53, SpringerLink, dml) Vote negative to endorse a cartography of refusalDay 15 Iyko, Associate Professor of English. Chair, Critical Social Thought. "Being or Nothingness: Indigeneity, Antiblackness, and Settler Colonial Critique." Source: Critical Ethnic Studies, Vol. 1, No. 2 (Fall 2015), pp. 102-121 Elmer | 11/11/21 |
ND - T - Framework v1Tournament: Damus | Round: Quarters | Opponent: Sarah Li | Judge: Panel Our Interpretation is the affirmative should instrumentally defend the resolution – hold the line, CX and the 1AC prove there's no I-meet – anything new in the 1AR is either extra-T since it includes the non-topical parts of the Aff or effects-T since it's a future result of the advocacy which both link to our offense. They should only get offense from a government legalizing a right to strike."Resolved" means to enact by law.Words and Phrases '64 GovernmentOxford Lexico. Definition of government in English. https://www.lexico.com/en/definition/government RecognizeOxford Lexico. Definition of recognize in English. https://www.lexico.com/en/definition/recognize Resolved requires policy actionLouisiana State Legislature (https://www.legis.la.gov/legis/Glossary.aspx) Ngong ~2~ Standards to Prefer:First - Fairness – radically re-contextualizing the resolution lets them defend any method tangentially related to the topic exploding Limits, which erases neg ground via perms and renders research burdens untenable by eviscerating predictable limits. Procedural questions come first – debate is a game and it makes no sense to skew a competitive activity as it requires effective negation which incentivizes argument refinement, but skewed burdens deck pedagogical engagement.Second - Clash – picking any grounds for debate precludes the only common point of engagement, which obviates preround research and incentivizes retreat from controversy by eliminating any effective clash. Only the process of negation distinguishes debate and discussion by necessitating iterative testing and effective engagement, but an absence of constant refinement dooms revolutionary potential.TVA – ~Affirm a right to strike to reduce the digital colonization of information to feed the World Computer~ right to strike for tech workers which allows them to collapse the grid and the world computer right to strike read a whole res aff with adv about strikes being key to socialist organization | 11/11/21 |
ND - T - Government vs IsraelTournament: Glenbrooks | Round: 4 | Opponent: Arya Bhat | Judge: Alex Rivera Interpretation debaters must defend that a just government ought to recognize an unconditional right to strike.Violation – Israel is not a government but the recognition of it as one allows for genocide and ethnic cleansing which turns case.Bodi 01 ~Faisal Bodi is a Muslim journalist for the guardian, 1-2-2001, "Comment: Israel simply has no right to exist," Guardian, https://www.theguardian.com/world/2001/jan/03/comment.israelandthepalestinians accessed 11/20/21~ Adam Vote neg for limits and ground – allowing affs to specify non-governmental entities explodes neg prep burdens to a virtually infinite number of affs since they can spec anything from joe biden recognizing a right to strike to jeff bezos recognizing a right of amazon workers to strike which skews neg ground and lets the AFF spike out of core neg ground like the U.S court packing da, bizcon, the small businesses da, and more which makes neg preparation and in depth clash impossibleTva – read an aff that has Palestine recognize the unconditional right to strike for Palestinians – force the 1ar to articulate why defending Israel as the actor is good. | 11/21/21 |
ND - T - Unconditional v1Tournament: Damus | Round: 5 | Opponent: Shaye Lee | Judge: Serena Lu 1NC – OFF1~ Interpretation: The affirmative must defend an unconditional right to strike. This means that the Affirmative must defend that anyone regardless of job or occupation has a fundamental right to strike.Merriam Webster ND, https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/unconditional sid 2~ Violation – They only grant the Right to Strike to prison workers That by definition is a condition since they condition the right to strike on a particular occupation.Jensen '18 (Eric; co-director of the Stanford Rule of Law Program, in collaboration with USAID, The Asia Foundation, and Stanford Law School; April 2018; "Introduction to the Laws of Timor-Leste"; Stanford Law School; https://law.stanford.edu/wp-content/uploads/2018/04/Timor-Leste-Constitutional-Rights.pdf; Accessed: 10-30-2021; AU) 3~ Standards –a~ Limits – there are endless conditions the aff can place on the right to strike – i.e based on occupation, national holidays, location of strike, etc. That makes the topic untenable since the Aff can just infinitely specify any condition or permutation of conditions which makes predictable preparation and in-depth clash impossible.b~ Neg Ground – specifying scenarios lets affs spike out of core, reduction-based disads like Bizcon and Small Businesses. Links are already non-existent on this topic – letting affs impose restrictions on RTS makes it even narrower.4~ TVA – establish a right to strike and read Teacher Unions as an Advantage. | 11/7/21 |
ND - Theory - JSpecTournament: Glenbrooks | Round: 5 | Opponent: Nora Bolsani | Judge: Akshay Manglik Interp: The affirmative must specify the jurisdiction the right to strike is recognized within a delineated text in the 1AC.Jurisdiction is flexible and has too many interps– normal means shows no consensus.Leyton Garcia 17 ~Jorge Andrés Leyton García (Postgraduate Research Student / Assistant Teacher en University of Bristol). "THE RIGHT TO STRIKE AS A FUNDAMENTAL HUMAN RIGHT: RECOGNITION AND LIMITATIONS IN INTERNATIONAL LAW". Revista Chilena de Derecho, vol. 44, núm. 3, 2017, pp. 781-804. Accessed 6/24/21. https://www.redalyc.org/pdf/1770/177054481008.pdf Xu~ Violation – you don't.Prefer –1~ Stable Advocacy – they can redefine in the 1AR to wriggle out of DA's which kills high-quality engagement. We lose access to Readiness DA's, Unions DA's, basic case turns, and core process counter plans that have different definitions and 1NC pre-round prep.2~ Real World – Policy makers will always define the entity that they are recognizing which proves its core topic literatureJSpec isn't regressive or arbitrary – its core topic lit for what happens when the aff is implemented and cannot be discounted from recognition policies that require enforcement to function. | 11/21/21 |
SO - CP - Adv CP v BiopiracyTournament: Nano Nagle | Round: 4 | Opponent: Shreeram Modi | Judge: Samantha McLoughlin We affirm that the member nations of the World Trade Organization ought to:Modify Intellectual Property Protection of Indigenous Knowledge through implementation of a Sui Generis Intellectual Property Regime that reflects consistent consultation with local communities and traditional communities.Mandate widespread ratification, application, and the enforcement of the Swakokpmund Protocol ensuring that local communities and traditional communities are guaranteed continued use of Traditional Medical Knowledge in the traditional context without any legal implication and without licenses and subject to pre-determined sharing of benefits.Implement an opt-in opt-out system where Indigenous Groups are given the right to refuse to relinquish control of Intellectual Property to non-Indigenous Intellectual Property Holders over Traditional Knowledge.Mandate a disclosure of origin requirement as a pre-requisite of Intellectual Property Protection applications.The Swakokpmund Protocol is an Intellectual Property Regime that solves exploitation and protects Traditional Knowledge and People while still allowing usage of Intellectual Property in Medical Innovation – Sua Generis emphasis of collective rights solves IPCB issues with IPRs.Sinkala 17, Ruth M. "Protection of Traditional Medical Knowledge in the Patent System: Is There Room?." (2017). (Master Programme in Intellectual Property Law at University of Uppselett)SidK Disclosure of Origin ensures that original TMK owners are able to get compensation and are protected from exploitation.Sinkala 17, Ruth M. "Protection of Traditional Medical Knowledge in the Patent System: Is There Room?." (2017). (Master Programme in Intellectual Property Law at University of Uppselett)SidK | 10/9/21 |
SO - CP - Distribution v1Tournament: Jack Howe | Round: Doubles | Opponent: Lydia Wang | Judge: Panel | 9/27/21 |
SO - CP - Info Sharing v1Tournament: Jack Howe | Round: 2 | Opponent: Taite Kirkpatrick | Judge: Asher Towner The World Trade Organization ought to increase intellectual property protections for medicines. The United States ought to designate intellectual property protections on medicines as adversely affecting the international transfer of technology.Member states can waive IP rights if they hamper the international flow of medical technology.WTO '21 (World Trade Organization; 2021; "Obligations and exceptions"; World Trade Organization; Accessed: 8-30-2021; exact date not provided, but copyright was updated in 2021) Designating IP protections as antithetical to the global health system revitalizes info-sharing.Youde '16 (Jeremy; writer for World Politics Review; 4-29-2016; "Technology Transfer Is a Weak Link in the Global Health System"; World Politics Review; https://www.worldpoliticsreview.com/articles/18639/technology-transfer-is-a-weak-link-in-the-global-health-system; Accessed: 8-30-2021) International collaboration's key to check future pandemics – otherwise, extinction.Dulaney '20 ~Michael; digital journalist with the ABC June 2020; "'A question of when, not if': Another pandemic is coming – and sooner than we think", No Publication; https://www.abc.net.au/news/science/2020-06-07/a-matter-of-when-not-if-the-next-pandemic-is-around-the-corner/12313372, accessed 4-12-2021~ IP Waivers aren't enough – Information sharing is the crucial internal link to vaccine productionBolle and Obstfeld 21 ~Monica de Bolle and Maurice Obstfeld, VIEW SHARING OPTIONS Monica de Bolle, senior fellow at the Peterson Institute for International Economics since January 2017, is adjunct lecturer and former director for Latin American studies and emerging markets at the School of Advanced International Studies at Johns Hopkins University. De Bolle was nonresident senior fellow at the Institute between March 2015 and January 2017. Maurice Obstfeld has been nonresident senior fellow at the Peterson Institute for International Economics since February 2019. He is the Class of 1958 Professor of Economics and former chair of the department of economics (1998–2001) at the University of California, Berkeley. He previously taught at Harvard University (1989–90), the University of Pennsylvania (1986–89), and Columbia University (1979–86). Obstfeld served at the International Monetary Fund (IMF) as economic counsellor and director of the research department (2015–18) and as a member of the US President's Council of Economic Advisors (2014–15). Obstfeld was an honorary adviser to the Bank of Japan's Institute of Monetary and Economic Studies (2002–14) and has consulted and taught at the IMF, the World Bank, and numerous central banks around the world. 5-12-2021, accessed on 9-12-2021, PIIE, "Waiving patent and intellectual property protections is not a panacea for global vaccine distribution", https://www.piie.com/blogs/realtime-economic-issues-watch/waiving-patent-and-intellectual-property-protections-not~~ Adam | 9/27/21 |
SO - CP - Info Sharing v2Tournament: Jack Howe | Round: Doubles | Opponent: Lydia Wang | Judge: Panel Member states can waive IP rights if they hamper the international flow of medical technology. | 9/27/21 |
SO - CP - Lockdown v1Tournament: Mid America Cup | Round: Octas | Opponent: Lilly Broussard | Judge: Panel Counterplan text: during pandemics The member nations of the WTO should impose a mandatory lockdown until there is no more than one new case per day per 100,000 people after which local officials will modulate lockdown levels based on local case numbers. Governments should compensate both individual workers and small businesses that suffer substantial or irreparable economic loss as a result of lockdowns. The WTO should publicly declare this policy and every member nation should announce it is in accordance with the WTOOnly the lockdown solves- it curbs Disease spread until the vaccineOsterholm, 20 — Regents Professor and Director of the Center for Infectious Disease Research and Policy at the University of Minnesota | 9/27/21 |
SO - CP - Lockdown v2Tournament: Mid America Cup | Round: 3 | Opponent: Nathan Gong | Judge: Aryan Jasani Counterplan text: during pandemics The member nations of the WTO should impose a mandatory lockdown until there is no more than one new case per day per 100,000 people after which local officials will modulate lockdown levels based on local case numbers. Governments should compensate both individual workers and small businesses that suffer substantial or irreparable economic loss as a result of lockdowns.Only the lockdown solves- it curbs Disease spread until the vaccineOsterholm, 20 — Regents Professor and Director of the Center for Infectious Disease Research and Policy at the University of Minnesota | 9/27/21 |
SO - CP - Orphan Drugs v2Tournament: Heart of Texas | Round: 2 | Opponent: Alexandra Coulter | Judge: David Dosch Counterplan Text - Resolved: The member nations of the World Trade Organization ought toeliminate intellectual property protections for medicines excluding orphan drugs.prioritize distribution of orphan drugs to the Global South.Orphan drug legislation is specifically key to stimulate research into rare diseasesHorgan et. al 20 D, Moss B, Boccia S, Genuardi M, Gajewski M, Capurso G, Fenaux P, Gulbis B, Pellegrini M, Mañú Pereira M, M, Gutiérrez Valle V, Gutiérrez Ibarluzea I, Kent A, Cattaneo I, Jagielska B, Belina I, Tumiene B, Ward A, Papaluca M: Time for Change? The Why, What and How of Promoting Innovation to Tackle Rare Diseases – Is It Time to Update the EU's Orphan Regulation? And if so, What Should be Changed? Biomed Hub 2020;5:1-11. doi: 10.1159/000509272 https://www.karger.com/Article/Fulltext/509272~~# sid Rare diseases disproportionately affect people of colorRDDC, No Date (RDDC, No Date, accessed on 9-6-2021, Rare Disease Diversity Coalition, "Charting thePath Forwardfor Equity inRare Diseases", https://3hqwxl1mqiah5r73r2q7zll1-wpengine.netdna-ssl.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/RDDC_Path_Forward_Final.pdf)//sid Pharma innovation in Neglected Diseases results in global linkages that revitalizes global health diplomacy.Hotez 16, Peter J. Blue marble health: an innovative plan to fight diseases of the poor amid wealth. JHU Press, 2016. (Sabin Vaccine Institute and Texas Children's Hospital Center for Vaccine Development, Departments of Pediatrics and Molecular Virology and Microbiology)Elmer Public Health Diplomacy solves Existential Threats.James 17 Wilmot James 4-2-2017 "In an Age of Zika and a Threat of Biochemical Terror, Health Security Must Be Everybody's Concern" https://archive.is/tUlRX~~#selection-927.0-930.0 (Honorary Professor in the Division of Human Genetics at the University of Cape Town's Medical School and Non-residential Senior Fellow at Bard College's Hannah Arendt Centre, Ph.D. from University of Wisconsin at Madison)re-cut by Elmer Only health cooperation solves diseases – specifically key to protect developing nationsLong 11 (William J., professor and chair at the Sam Nunn School of International Affairs at the Georgia Institute of Technology. He is the author of three books and numerous articles on conflict resolution, international cooperation, and trade and technology transfer policy and Jennings Randolph fellow at the U.S. Institute of Peace in 2009-10, "Pandemics and Peace: Cooperation in Zones of Conflict", USIP Press Books) JA Extinction – defense is wrongPiers Millett 17, Consultant for the World Health Organization, PhD in International Relations and Affairs, University of Bradford, Andrew Snyder-Beattie, "Existential Risk and Cost-Effective Biosecurity", Health Security, Vol 15(4), http://online.liebertpub.com/doi/pdfplus/10.1089/hs.2017.0028 | 10/16/21 |
SO - CP - Prizes v1Tournament: Loyola | Round: 4 | Opponent: Samhith Dharani | Judge: David Dosch Member states of the World Trade Organization ought to:- should establish a major prize for companies and institutions that collaborate to produce a successful ~treatment for new infectious diseases~ with all grant recipients obliged to donate to a common patent pool governed by a Patent Pool authority in accordance with the recommendations of the Goozner evidence.- vest the office of the Vice President, or domestic equivalent, with the power to coordinate national biodefense response, establish a White House Biodefense Coordination Council, commit funding to support state, tribal, territorial, and local health departments, implement a national bio-surveillance program that incorporates animal data- eliminate their nuclear weapons Drug Prizes Plank solves the Aff and Patent Pooling Plank solves Access – an approach that utilizes IP is key.Goozner 6, Merrill. "Innovation in biomedicine: can stem cell research lead the way to affordability?." PLoS medicine 3.5 (2006): e126. (Director of the Integrity in Science Project, Center for Science in the Public Interest)Elmer Coordination plank solves disease and bioterrorismMCM = medical countermeasure The Counterplan solves response, which is enough to prevent the terminal impactLieberman and Ridge 15 Joseph I. Lieberman, Chair and former US senator from Connecticut, and Thomas J. Ridge '15, Chair and Former United States Secretary of Homeland Security, "A National Blueprint for Biodefense: Leadership and Major Reform Needed to Optimize Efforts A Bipartisan Report of the Blue Ribbon Study Panel on Biodefense," Blue Ribbon Study Panel on Biodefense, October 2015 | 9/27/21 |
SO - CP - Science Diplomacy v1Tournament: Mid America Cup | Round: Octas | Opponent: Lilly Broussard | Judge: Panel Text: The member nations of the World Trade Organization ought to appoint an international panel of scientists including National Academies and corresponding organizations to decide if they should ~reduce intellectual property protections by implementing a one and done approach to patent protections~ and manage similar conflicts of interest between intellectual property. Member states must abide by that rulingInternational panel of science diplomats can rule over IP—-that's key to science diplomacy.Hajjar and Greenbaum 18 ~David; Dean Emeritus and University Distinguished Professor, and Professor of Biochemistry and Pathology at Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University. He is a Fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, Fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Sciences, a Jefferson Science Fellow of the National Academies at the U.S. Department of State, and a recent Senior Fellow in Science Policy at the Brookings Institute; Steven; Professor and Chair of the Department of Physics and Astronomy at Hunter College of the City University of New York and a Fellow of the American Physical Society. He was a Jefferson Science Fellow of the National Academies at the U.S. Department of State; "Leveraging Diplomacy for Managing Scientific Challenges," American Diplomacy; September 18; https://americandiplomacy.web.unc.edu/2018/09/leveraging-diplomacy-for-managing-scientific-challenges-an-opportunity-to-navigate-the-future-of-science/~~ Justin Solves every existential threat.Haynes 18—research associate in the Neurobiology Department at Harvard Medical School (Trevor, "Science Diplomacy: Collaboration in a rapidly changing world," http://sitn.hms.harvard.edu/flash/2018/science-diplomacy-collaboration-rapidly-changing-world/, dml) Re-Cut Justin | 9/27/21 |
SO - CP - Science Diplomacy v2Tournament: Mid America Cup | Round: 3 | Opponent: Nathan Gong | Judge: Aryan Jasani 1NC – OFFText: The member nations of the World Trade Organization ought to appoint an international panel of scientists including National Academies and corresponding organizations to decide if they should ~reduce intellectual property protections by implementing a one and done approach to patent protections~ and manage similar conflicts of interest between intellectual property. The panel should say yes to the proposal and member states must abide by that ruling.International panel of science diplomats can rule over IP—-that's key to science diplomacy.Hajjar and Greenbaum 18 ~David; Dean Emeritus and University Distinguished Professor, and Professor of Biochemistry and Pathology at Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University. He is a Fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, Fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Sciences, a Jefferson Science Fellow of the National Academies at the U.S. Department of State, and a recent Senior Fellow in Science Policy at the Brookings Institute; Steven; Professor and Chair of the Department of Physics and Astronomy at Hunter College of the City University of New York and a Fellow of the American Physical Society. He was a Jefferson Science Fellow of the National Academies at the U.S. Department of State; "Leveraging Diplomacy for Managing Scientific Challenges," American Diplomacy; September 18; https://americandiplomacy.web.unc.edu/2018/09/leveraging-diplomacy-for-managing-scientific-challenges-an-opportunity-to-navigate-the-future-of-science/~~ Justin Solves every existential threat.Haynes 18—research associate in the Neurobiology Department at Harvard Medical School (Trevor, "Science Diplomacy: Collaboration in a rapidly changing world," http://sitn.hms.harvard.edu/flash/2018/science-diplomacy-collaboration-rapidly-changing-world/, dml) Re-Cut Justin Science diplomacy is key to nuclear security and counter-terror operations.Micah D. Lowenthal 11. Senior Board Director / Program Director at The National Academy of Sciences. "Science Diplomacy for Nuclear Security." The United States Institute of Peace. https://www.usip.org/sites/default/files/SR_288.pdf. Nuclear terror causes extinction.Nickolas Roth 17. Research associate at the Belfer Center's Project on Managing the Atom at Harvard University and research fellow at the Center for International and Security Studies at the University of Maryland. Matthew Bunn, Professor of practice at the Harvard Kennedy School. "The effects of a single terrorist nuclear bomb." Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists, http://thebulletin.org/effects-single-terrorist-nuclear-bomb11150. | 9/27/21 |
SO - CP - US Leadership v1Tournament: Loyola | Round: Octas | Opponent: Rhys Moon | Judge: Panel CP Text – The United States federal government ought to establish a global leadership role in production and distribution of medicines and treatments by engaging in talks with NATO and the G-7 and expanding support of neutral medical distribution programs to bridge the North-South Divide and encourage public-private partnerships and facilitate overseas licensing agreements with the Global South without reducing intellectual property rights.The CP solves vaccine distribution and re-vitalizes American influence BUT US leadership is key.Gayle et Al 21 Helene Gayle, Gordon LaForge, and Anne-Marie Slaughter 3-19-2021 "American Can-and Should-Vaccinate the World" https://archive.is/wtVC2~~#selection-1369.0-1369.54 (Helene D. Gayle, MD, MPH, has been president and CEO of The Chicago Community Trust, one of the nation's oldest and largest community foundations, since October 2017. Under her leadership, the Trust has adopted a new strategic focus on closing the racial and ethnic wealth gap in the Chicago region. For almost a decade, Dr. Gayle was president and CEO of CARE, a leading international humanitarian organization. An expert on global development, humanitarian, and health issues, she spent 20 years with the Centers for Disease Control, working primarily on HIV/AIDS.)Elmer Waiving IP rights undercuts the perception of American medical innovation superiority which allows China and Russia to expand influence – a unilaterally-led global effort jumpstarts Vaccine Diplomacy in the face of Chinese and Russian weakness.Sasse 5-17 Ben Sasse 5-17-2021 "U.S. Can Stop the Pandemic and Counter China" https://archive.is/NOKMj~~#selection-4197.0-4265.96 (Ben Sasse has a bachelor's degree in government from Harvard University, a Master of Arts in liberal studies from St. John's College and master's and doctoral degrees in American history from Yale University. He taught at the University of Texas and served as an assistant secretary in the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services.)Elmer Vaccine Diplomacy is a zero-sum game for influence – China and Russia are taking over battleground states to expand their sphere of influence.Smith 4-2 Alexander Smith 4-2-2021 "Russia and China are beating the U.S. at vaccine diplomacy, experts say" https://www.nbcnews.com/news/world/russia-china-are-beating-u-s-vaccine-diplomacy-experts-say-n1262742 (a senior reporter for NBC News Digital based in London.)Elmer Expanding Chinese SOI causes Nuclear War.Brands 20 Hal Brands 4-20-2020 "Don't Let Great Powers Carve Up the World Spheres of Influence Are Unnecessary and Dangerous" https://www.foreignaffairs.com/articles/china/2020-04-20/dont-let-great-powers-carve-world (Henry A. Kissinger Distinguished Professor of Global Affairs at the Johns Hopkins School of Advanced International Studies (SAIS), a resident scholar at the American Enterprise Institute, and a Bloomberg Opinion columnist)Elmer Hegemony is crucial to solve genocide and ethnic violenceLieber 2005 – PhD from Harvard, Professor of Government and International Affairs at Georgetown, former consultant to the State Department and for National Intelligence Estimates (Robert, "The American Era", pages 51-52)Elmer Nuke war causes extinction AND outweighs other existential risks-checked (sid) | 9/27/21 |
SO - CP - Wealth Distribution v1Tournament: Jack Howe | Round: 2 | Opponent: Taite Kirkpatrick | Judge: Asher Towner | 9/27/21 |
SO - DA - Biotech v1Tournament: Nano Nagle | Round: 2 | Opponent: Yesh Rao | Judge: Joseph Barquin 1NC – OFFBiotech industry strong now – new innovation and RandD comingCancherini et al. 4/30 ~Laura, Engagement Manager @ McKinsey and Company, Joseph Lydon, Associate Partner @ McKinsey and Company, Jorge Santos Da Silva, Senior Partner at McKinsey and Company, and Alexandra Zemp, Partner at McKinsey and Company~ "What's ahead for biotech: Another wave or low tide?", McKinsey and Company, 4-30-2021, https://www.mckinsey.com/industries/pharmaceuticals-and-medical-products/our-insights/whats-ahead-for-biotech-another-wave-or-low-tide ajs Secondary patents are necessary for innovation of otherwise mediocre drugs—core to cancer and HIV treatmentsHolman 2018 (Christopher, Professor of Law, University of Missouri-Kansas City School of Law. "Why Follow-On Pharmaceutical Innovations Should Be Eligible For Patent Protection" https://www.ip-watch.org/2018/09/21/follow-pharmaceutical-innovations-eligible-patent-protection/ September 21, 2018)DR 21 One and done model kills innovation—chilling effectMagiera 2021 (Melissa S., J.D. Candidate, 2021, Indiana UniversityRobert H. McKinney School of Law; B.S. 2017, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis – Indianapolis, Indiana. Recipient of the Papke Prize for Best Note in Volume 54, endowed by and named in honor of David R. Papke, former R. Bruce Townsend Professor of Law and faculty advisor to the Indiana Law Review "Leaving the Evergreening Problem to the Patent Experts—The USPTO, the PTAB, and the Federal Circuit" Indiana Law Review, 54(1), 195-220.)DR 21 Expectation of decreased market demand shifts funding away from RandDScherer '1 F.M. Scherer, Health Affairs, The Link Between Gross Profitability And Pharmaceutical RandD Spending, September 2001 vol. 20 no. 5 216-220, http://content.healthaffairs.org/content/20/5/216.long Big pharma relies on evergreening as a major source of profit—empirics prove.Chandler 15
Biopharmaceutical innovation is key to prevent future pandemics and bioterror – turns caseMarjanovic and Feijao 20 ~(Sonja Marjanovic, Ph.D., Judge Business School, University of Cambridge. Carolina Feijao, Ph.D. in biochemistry, University of Cambridge; M.Sc. in quantitative biology, Imperial College London; B.Sc. in biology, University of Lisbon.) "How to Best Enable Pharma Innovation Beyond the COVID-19 Crisis," RAND Corporation, 05-2020, https://www.rand.org/pubs/perspectives/PEA407-1.html~~ TDI COVID incentivizes engineered bioterror- extinctionWalsh, 20 — Axios Future correspondent ~Bryan Walsh, "The coronavirus pandemic reawakens bioweapon fears," Axios, 5-14-2020, https://www.axios.com/coronavirus-pandemic-pathogen-bioweapon-45417c86-52aa-41b1-8a99-44a6e597d3a8.html, accessed 9-7-2020~ | 10/9/21 |
SO - DA - Bioterror v1Tournament: Jack Howe | Round: 2 | Opponent: Taite Kirkpatrick | Judge: Asher Towner Covid exposed new vulnerabilities and motivation for bioterror BUT technical challenges still outweigh.Koblentz and Kiesel 7/14 ~Gregory D. Koblentz (Deputy Director of the Biodefense Graduate Program and Assistant Professor of Government and Politics in the Department of Public and International Affairs at George Mason University) and Stevie Kiesel (Biodefense PhD Student, Schar School of Policy and Government, George Mason University). "The COVID-19 Pandemic: Catalyst or Complication for Bioterrorism?". Studies in Conflict and Terrorism. Published online 14 Jul 2021. Accessed 7/22/21. https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/1057610X.2021.1944023?journalCode=uter20 Xu recut Adam~ IP protections are the only limit on proliferating dual-use biotech – losing patents puts financial pressure on companies to outsource RandD, which skyrockets bioterror acquisition.Finlay 10 ~Brian Finlay (President and Chief Executive Officer of the Stimson Center, M.A. from the Norman Patterson School of International Affairs at Carleton University, a graduate diploma from the School of Advanced International Studies, the Johns Hopkins University and an honors B.A. from Western University in Canada). "The Bioterror Pipeline: Big Pharma, Patent Expirations, and New Challenges to Global Security". The Fletcher Forum of World Affairs. Vol. 34, No. 2 (Summer 2010), pp. 51-64. https://www.jstor.org/stable/45289504?seq=1~~#metadata_info_tab_contents Xu~ COVID resulted in mass on-shoring of RandD – only price incentives can convince them to stay.Mullin 20 Rick Mullin 4-27-2020 "COVID-19 is reshaping the pharmaceutical supply chain" https://cen.acs.org/business/outsourcing/COVID-19-reshaping-pharmaceutical-supply/98/i16 (BA English Literature, Drew University, 1980. Business journalist covering engergy, chemicals, pharmaceuticals, and information technology for various publications including Chemical Week since 1983)Elmer Bioterrorism causes Extinction – overcomes any conventional defense.Walsh 19, Bryan. End Times: A Brief Guide to the End of the World. Hachette Books, 2019. (Future Correspondent for Axios, Editor of the Science and Technology Publication OneZero, Former Senior and International Editor at Time Magazine, BA from Princeton University)Elmer | 9/27/21 |
SO - DA - Bioterror v2Tournament: Jack Howe | Round: 4 | Opponent: Alexis Weiss | Judge: Saketh Kotapati Covid exposed new vulnerabilities and motivation for bioterror BUT technical challenges still outweigh.Koblentz and Kiesel 7/14 ~Gregory D. Koblentz (Deputy Director of the Biodefense Graduate Program and Assistant Professor of Government and Politics in the Department of Public and International Affairs at George Mason University) and Stevie Kiesel (Biodefense PhD Student, Schar School of Policy and Government, George Mason University). "The COVID-19 Pandemic: Catalyst or Complication for Bioterrorism?". Studies in Conflict and Terrorism. Published online 14 Jul 2021. Accessed 7/22/21. https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/1057610X.2021.1944023?journalCode=uter20 Xu recut Adam~ IP protections are the only limit on proliferating dual-use biotech – losing patents puts financial pressure on companies to outsource RandD, which skyrockets bioterror acquisition.Finlay 10 ~Brian Finlay (President and Chief Executive Officer of the Stimson Center, M.A. from the Norman Patterson School of International Affairs at Carleton University, a graduate diploma from the School of Advanced International Studies, the Johns Hopkins University and an honors B.A. from Western University in Canada). "The Bioterror Pipeline: Big Pharma, Patent Expirations, and New Challenges to Global Security". The Fletcher Forum of World Affairs. Vol. 34, No. 2 (Summer 2010), pp. 51-64. https://www.jstor.org/stable/45289504?seq=1~~#metadata_info_tab_contents Xu~ COVID resulted in mass on-shoring of RandD – only price incentives can convince them to stay.Mullin 20 Rick Mullin 4-27-2020 "COVID-19 is reshaping the pharmaceutical supply chain" https://cen.acs.org/business/outsourcing/COVID-19-reshaping-pharmaceutical-supply/98/i16 (BA English Literature, Drew University, 1980. Business journalist covering engergy, chemicals, pharmaceuticals, and information technology for various publications including Chemical Week since 1983)Elmer Bioterrorism causes Extinction – overcomes any conventional defense.Walsh 19, Bryan. End Times: A Brief Guide to the End of the World. Hachette Books, 2019. (Future Correspondent for Axios, Editor of the Science and Technology Publication OneZero, Former Senior and International Editor at Time Magazine, BA from Princeton University)Elmer | 9/27/21 |
SO - DA - Climate Patents v1Tournament: Mid America Cup | Round: Octas | Opponent: Lilly Broussard | Judge: Panel Climate Patents and Innovation high now and solving Warming but patent waivers set a dangerous precedent for appropriations - the mere threat is sufficient is enough to kill investment.Brand 5-26, Melissa. "Trips Ip Waiver Could Establish Dangerous Precedent for Climate Change and Other Biotech Sectors." IPWatchdog.com | Patents and Patent Law, 26 May 2021, www.ipwatchdog.com/2021/05/26/trips-ip-waiver-establish-dangerous-precedent-climate-change-biotech-sectors/id=133964/. sid Cross apply the 1AC climate impact | 9/27/21 |
SO - DA - Climate Patents v2Tournament: Mid America Cup | Round: 3 | Opponent: Nathan Gong | Judge: Aryan Jasani Climate Patents and Innovation high now and solving Warming but waiving patents sets a dangerous precedent for appropriations – the mere threat is sufficient is enough to kill investment.Brand 5-26, Melissa. "Trips Ip Waiver Could Establish Dangerous Precedent for Climate Change and Other Biotech Sectors." IPWatchdog.com | Patents and Patent Law, 26 May 2021, www.ipwatchdog.com/2021/05/26/trips-ip-waiver-establish-dangerous-precedent-climate-change-biotech-sectors/id=133964/. sid Climate change destroys the world.Specktor 19 ~Brandon writes about the science of everyday life for Live Science, and previously for Reader's Digest magazine, where he served as an editor for five years~ 6-4-2019, "Human Civilization Will Crumble by 2050 If We Don't Stop Climate Change Now, New Paper Claims," livescience, https://www.livescience.com/65633-climate-change-dooms-humans-by-2050.html Justin | 9/27/21 |
SO - DA - Climate Patents v2Tournament: Nano Nagle | Round: Octas | Opponent: Shrey Raju | Judge: Panel Climate Patents and Innovation high now and solving Warming but patent waivers set a dangerous precedent for appropriations - the mere threat is sufficient is enough to kill investment.Brand 5-26, Melissa. "Trips Ip Waiver Could Establish Dangerous Precedent for Climate Change and Other Biotech Sectors." IPWatchdog.com | Patents and Patent Law, 26 May 2021, www.ipwatchdog.com/2021/05/26/trips-ip-waiver-establish-dangerous-precedent-climate-change-biotech-sectors/id=133964/. sid Climate Patents are critical to solving Warming – only way to stimulate Renewable Energy Technology Investment.Aberdeen 20 Arielle Aberdeen October 2020 "Patents to climate rescue: how intellectual property rights are fundamental to the development of renewable energy" https://www.4ipcouncil.com/application/files/4516/0399/1622/Intellectual_Property_and_Renewable_Energy.pdf (Caribbean Attorney-at-Law with extensive experience in legal research and writing.)Elmer Climate change destroys the world.Specktor 19 ~Brandon writes about the science of everyday life for Live Science, and previously for Reader's Digest magazine, where he served as an editor for five years~ 6-4-2019, "Human Civilization Will Crumble by 2050 If We Don't Stop Climate Change Now, New Paper Claims," livescience, https://www.livescience.com/65633-climate-change-dooms-humans-by-2050.html Justin | 11/28/21 |
SO - DA - India Nationalism v1Tournament: Mid America Cup | Round: Octas | Opponent: Lilly Broussard | Judge: Panel India's COVID crisis has killed Modi's appetite for international adventurism, but increasing vaccine production reverses the trend.Singh '21 (Sushant; senior fellow with the Centre for Policy Research in India; 5-3-2021; "The End of Modi's Global Dreams"; Foreign Policy; https://foreignpolicy.com/2021/05/03/india-vishwaguru-modi-second-wave-soft-power-self-sufficiency/; Accessed: 8-27-2021) Indo-Pak war's on the brink now – successes at home push it over.Panda '19 (Ankit; writer for The Atlantic; 2-28-2019; "Ending the India-Pakistan Crisis Requires a Courageous Narendra Modi"; The Atlantic; https://www.theatlantic.com/international/archive/2019/02/india-modi-pakistan-crisis/583840/; Accessed: 8-27-2021) ====Revitalized risk-taking risks Indo-Pak confrontations – those go nuclear.==== | 9/27/21 |
SO - DA - Innovation v1Tournament: Nano Nagle | Round: 4 | Opponent: Shreeram Modi | Judge: Samantha McLoughlin Strong current IP guarantees causes massive Pharma innovation.Stevens and Ezell 20 Philip Stevens and Stephen Ezell 2-3-2020 "Delinkage Debunked: Why Replacing Patents With Prizes for Drug Development Won't Work" https://itif.org/publications/2020/02/03/delinkage-debunked-why-replacing-patents-prizes-drug-development-wont-work (Philip founded Geneva Network in 2015. His main research interests are the intersection of intellectual property, trade, and health policy. Formerly he was an official at the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) in Geneva, where he worked in its Global Challenges Division on a range of IP and health issues. Prior to his time with WIPO, Philip worked as director of policy for International Policy Network, a UK-based think tank, as well as holding research positions with the Adam Smith Institute and Reform, both in London. He has also worked as a political risk consultant and a management consultant. He is a regular columnist in a wide range of international newspapers and has published a number of academic studies. He holds degrees from the London School of Economics and Durham University (UK).)Elmer The most efficacious mainstream drugs come from Indigenous Knowledge – empirics are on our side.King 91 Stephen King September 1991 "The Source of Our Cures: A new pharmaceutical company wants to provide reciprocal benefits and recognize the value of indigenous" https://www.culturalsurvival.org/publications/cultural-survival-quarterly/source-our-cures-new-pharmaceutical-company-wants-provide Elmer Our Link is overwhelming –The world is reliant on indigenous medicinal knowledgeBhattacharya 14 ~Sayan Battacharya, Department of Environmental Studies at Rabindra Bharati University in Kolkata, India~, "Bioprospecting, biopiracy and food security in India: The emerging sides of neoliberalism", International Letters of Social and Humanistic Sciences, SciPress Ltd, pg. 49-54, 2014 SLC PK re-cut by Elmer ====Chinese Tribal Medicine proves Compatibility and our Innovation Links.==== ====RandD's key to innovation – otherwise, future pandemics.==== Evolving superbugs trigger extinction.Srivatsa '17 (Kadiyali; specialist in pediatric intensive and critical care medicine in the UK. Invented the bacterial identification tool 'MAYA'; 1-12-2017; "Superbug Pandemics and How to Prevent Them", American Interest; https://www.the-american-interest.com/2017/01/12/superbug-pandemics-and-how-to-prevent-them/, Accessed: 8-31-2021; AU) Disease perpetuates colonialism – it disproportionately hurts Indigenous people.Ostler 20 Jeffrey Ostler 4-29-2020 "Disease Has Never Been Just Disease for Native Americans" https://www.theatlantic.com/ideas/archive/2020/04/disease-has-never-been-just-disease-native-americans/610852/ (Beekman Professor of Northwest and Pacific History at the University of Oregon.)Elmer | 10/9/21 |
SO - DA - JFDA v1Tournament: Heart of Texas | Round: 4 | Opponent: Nikitha Thoduguli | Judge: Dillon Johnson JFDA's application of data exclusivity has encourages investment.Obaidat 16 (, H., 2016. Hayel Obaidat Obaidat, JORDAN FOOD AND DRUG ADMINISTRATION — High-Level Panel on Access to Medicines. ~online~ High-Level Panel on Access to Medicines. Available at: http://www.unsgaccessmeds.org/inbox/2016/2/28/dr-hayel-obaidat-obaidat ~Accessed 27 September 2021~.)-rahulpenu Especially from the US—-empirics prove overwhelming investment attraction because of JUSFTA.Chin et al. 08 (, J., Nasa'a, M., Leonard, S., Munoz, C. and Reilly, B., 2008. The Jordan-U.S. Free Trade Agreement: Eight Years Later. ~online~ Websites.umich.edu. Available at: http://websites.umich.edu/~~ipolicy/Policy20Papers/jordanusfta.pdf ~Accessed 27 September 2021~.)-rahulpenu The plan would break a critical barrier for Chinese pharma investment into Jordan—-strict control is key.UNCTAD 11 (, 2011. Investment in Pharmaceutical Product ion in the Least Developed Countries A Guide for Policy Makers and Investment Promotion Agencies. ~online~ Unctad.org. Available at: https://unctad.org/system/files/official-document/diaepcb2011d5_en.pdf ~Accessed 27 September 2021~.)-rahulpenu China is taking every opportunity for investment expansion—-ensures US-China cold war.Huang 9-16 (, Y., 2021. The U.S.-China Trade War Has Become a Cold War. ~online~ Carnegie Endowment for International Peace. Available at: https://carnegieendowment.org/2021/09/16/u.s.-china-trade-war-has-become-cold-war-pub-85352 ~Accessed 27 September 2021~. Huang is a senior fellow in the Carnegie Asia Program, where his research focuses on China's economy and its regional and global impact.)-rahulpenu US-China trade war causes nuclear war —- escalates and causes miscalc.Kazianis 18 ~Harry, director of defense studies at the Center for the National Interest, Fellow for National Security Affairs at the Potomac Foundation and a non-resident Senior Fellow at the University of Nottingham. "The US-China trade war has begun - a shooting war could be next." 7/6. http://www.foxnews.com/opinion/2018/07/06/us-china-trade-war-has-begun-shooting-war-could-be-next.html~~ | 11/28/21 |
SO - K - Setcol v1Tournament: Mid America Cup | Round: 5 | Opponent: Yesh Rao | Judge: Joseph Barquin Genocidal settlement is a structure, not an event meaning ontological logic of elimination is an everyday manifestation that defines settler identity.Rifkin 14, Mark. Settler common sense: Queerness and everyday colonialism in the American renaissance. U of Minnesota Press, 2014. (Associate Professor of English and WGS at UNC-Greensboro)Elmer That results in land exploitation and ecocide – specifically manifests in knowledge institutions making forefronting Settler Colonialism a prior question.Paperson 17 la paperson or K. Wayne Yang, June 2017, "A Third University is Possible" (an associate professor of ethnic studies at the University of California, San Diego)Elmer Expansion of medical access is a form of settler colonial biomedical onslaught – humanitarian promotions of health proliferate genocidal assimilation.Klausen 13, Jimmy Casas. "Reservations on hospitality: contact and vulnerability in Kant and indigenous action." Hospitality and World Politics. Palgrave Macmillan, London, 2013. 197-221. (Associate Professor in the Instituto de Relações Internacionais at the Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio de Janeiro)Elmer Biomedicine itself is invested in colonial exploitation through testing done on indigenous communities to biopiracy and stealing indigenous knowledge.Lift Mode 17 3-10-2017 "Pharmaceutical Colonialism" https://medium.com/@liftmode/pharmaceutical-colonialism-3-ways-that-western-medicine-takes-from-indigenous-communities-3a9339b4f24f (We at Liftmode.com are a team of professionals from a variety of backgrounds, dedicated to the mission of providing the highest quality and highest purity nutritional health supplements on the market. We look specifically for the latest and most promising research in the fields of cognition enhancement, neuroscience and alternative health supplements, and develop commercial strategies to bring these technologies to the marketplace.)Elmer Vote negative to endorse a cartography of refusalDay 15 Iyko, Associate Professor of English. Chair, Critical Social Thought. "Being or Nothingness: Indigeneity, Antiblackness, and Settler Colonial Critique." Source: Critical Ethnic Studies, Vol. 1, No. 2 (Fall 2015), pp. 102-121 Elmer | 9/27/21 |
SO - Theory - Data Exclusivity v1Tournament: Heart of Texas | Round: 4 | Opponent: Nikitha Thoduguli | Judge: Dillon Johnson 1NC – OFF1~ Interpretation – Affs must defend a reduction in intellectual property protections that protect the medicines.Medicines are physical substances.American Heritage Dictionary of Medicine 18 The American Heritage Dictionary of Medicine 2018 by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company https://www.yourdictionary.com/medicine Elmer For means "intended to" – the object of the IP Protection must be Medicines.Cambridge Dictionary No Date "For" https://dictionary.cambridge.org/us/dictionary/english/for Elmer 2~ Violation - Data exclusivity protects clinical trial data, NOT MEDICINE. The plan doesn't affect the actual production of Medical Substances, just the structural factors that influence it.Thrasher 5-25 Rachel Thrasher 5-25-2021 "Chart of the Week: How Data Exclusivity Laws Impact Drug Prices" https://www.bu.edu/gdp/2021/05/25/chart-of-the-week-how-data-exclusivity-laws-impact-drug-prices/ sid ~Pre-empting the We Meet~ – Plan Text in a Vacuum is a useless guideline since words are contextually defined based on function – the only basis for determining Topicality should be if the implementation of the Plan as per their 1AC solvency evidence follows the directional meaning of the Topic's intent – anything else allows the 1AR to re-contextualize what the Plan says forcing the 1NC to predict infinite 1AR spin since they're not tied to their evidence.The Aff is both Effects and Extra-T because they effect things unrelated to Medical IP like Data – both of which are voters for Limits and Ground.3~ The Standard is Limits – allowing Affs that relate to the factors and structures surrounding Medicines allows treatments, drug discovery techniques, computer programs, and production techniques that all have IP protections to be topical which eviscerate a stable locus of predictability. | 11/28/21 |
SO - Theory - T-FWTournament: Loyola | Round: Doubles | Opponent: Joey Antonelli | Judge: JULIAN KUFFOUR, DEREK HILLIGOSS, RONAK AHUJA Interpretation debaters must defend that the member nations of the World Trade Organization ought to reduce intellectual property protections for medicines."Resolved" means to enact by law.Words and Phrases '64 Nations are defined territories with governmentsMerriam Webster ~Merriam Webster, 8-22-2021, accessed on 9-6-2021, Merriam-webster, "Definition of NATION", https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/nation~~ Adam Medicines refer to physical substances.American Heritage Dictionary of Medicine 18 The American Heritage Dictionary of Medicine 2018 by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company https://www.yourdictionary.com/medicine Elmer There are 4 types of IP the aff could reduce.Brewer 19 ~Trevor Brewer, 5-16-2019, accessed on 8-11-2021, BrewerLong, "What Are The 4 Types of Intellectual Property Rights? BrewerLong", https://brewerlong.com/information/business-law/four-types-of-intellectual-property/~~ Adam Violation –At best they're Extra-T, which is a voter for Limits since they can add any amount of infinite planks to the aff to solve for all neg arguments, or Effects-T which is worse, since any small aff can spill up to the res.First, competitive equity –A~ Ground: they get to pick the topic ex post facto which incentivizes vague argumentation that's not grounded in a consistent, stable mechanism – they're playing dodgeball with hand grenades – caselists are concessionary, unpredictable, beaten by perms, and don't justify their model.B~ Limits: their model has no resolutional bound and creates the possibility for literally an infinite number of 1ACs. Not debating the topic allows someone to specialize in one area of the library for 4 years giving them a huge edge over people who switch research focus ever 2 months. Cutting negs to every possible aff is a commitment even large squads can't handle, let alone small schools like us. Counter-interpretations are arbitrary, unpredictable, and don't solve the world of neg prep because there's no grounding in the resolutionC~ Causality- debating the resolution forces the affirmative to defend a cause and effect relationship, the state doing x results in y. Non topical affs establish their own barometer "I think x is good for me" that aren't negateable.D~ Fairness is an impact – ~1~ it's an intrinsic good – some level of competitive equity is necessary to sustain the activity – if it didn't exist, then there wouldn't be value to the game since judges could literally vote whatever way they wanted regardless of the competing arguments made ~2~ probability – your ballot can't solve their impacts but it can solve mine – debate can't alter subjectivity, but can rectify skews ~3~ internal link turns every impact – a limited topic promotes in-depth research and engagement which is necessary to access all of their education ~4~ comes before substance – deciding any other argument in this debate cannot be disentangled from our inability to prepare for it – any argument you think they're winning is a link, not a reason to vote for them, since it's just as likely that they're winning it because we weren't able to effectively prepare to defeat it. This means they don't get to weigh the aff.Second, switch-side debate –A~ It forces debaters to consider a controversial issue from multiple perspectives. Non-T affs allow individuals to establish their own metrics for what they want to debate leading to ideological dogmatism. Even if they prove the topic is bad, our argument is that the process of preparing and defending proposals is an educational benefit of engaging it.B~ topical version of the aff solves – they can still have all their advantages under TVAVote negative – A~ this procedurally evaluates whether their model is good, which is a prior question B~ they can't get offense: we don't exclude them, only persuade you that our methodology is best. Every debate requires a winner and loser, so voting negative doesn't reject them from debate, it just says they should make a better argument next time. | 9/27/21 |
SO - Theory - T-Nebel v1Tournament: Jack Howe | Round: 6 | Opponent: Nathan Liu | Judge: Dhruv Channa Interpretation: medicines is a generic bare plural. The aff may not defend that member nations of the World Trade Organization reduce intellectual property protections for a subset of medicines.Nebel 19 Jake Nebel ~Jake Nebel is an assistant professor of philosophy at the University of Southern California and executive director of Victory Briefs.~ , 8-12-2019, "Genericity on the Standardized Tests Resolution," Briefly, https://www.vbriefly.com/2019/08/12/genericity-on-the-standardized-tests-resolution/ SM It applies to medicines:Upward entailment test – spec fails the upward entailment test because saying that nations ought to reduce IPP for one medicine does not entail that those nations ought to reduce IPP for all medicinesAdverb test – adding "usually" to the res doesn't substantially change its meaning because a reduction is permanentVote neg:1~ Semantics outweigh:T is a constitutive rule of the activity and a basic aff burden – they agreed to debate the topic when they came hereJurisdiction – you can't vote aff if they haven't affirmed the resolutionIt's the only stasis point we know before the round so it controls the internal link to engagement – there's no way to use ground if debaters aren't prepared to defend it2~ Limits – there are countless affs accounting for thousands of medicines – unlimited topics incentivize obscure affs that negs won't have prep on – limits are key to reciprocal prep burden – potential abuse doesn't justify foregoing the topic and 1AR theory checks PICs | 9/27/21 |
SO - Theory - T-Reduce v1Tournament: Jack Howe | Round: 4 | Opponent: Alexis Weiss | Judge: Saketh Kotapati 1~ Interpretation - Reduce means permanent reduction – it's distinct from "waive" or "suspend."Reynolds 59 (Judge (In the Matter of Doris A. Montesani, Petitioner, v. Arthur Levitt, as Comptroller of the State of New York, et al., Respondents ~NO NUMBER IN ORIGINAL~ Supreme Court of New York, Appellate Division, Third Department 9 A.D.2d 51; 189 N.Y.S.2d 695; 1959 N.Y. App. Div. LEXIS 7391 August 13, 1959, lexis) It's temporary – we read blue1AC – Public Citizen 6/22 - Public Citizen et. al, "Please Speedily Secure Implementation of a COVID-19 Emergency Waiver of WTO TRIPS Rules for Vaccines, Tests and Treatments," Open Letter to President Joe Biden. June 22, 2021. https://www.citizenstrade.org/ctc/wp-content/uploads/2021/06/COVIDTRIPSWaiver_SignOnLtr2_062221.pdf~~#new_tab AT ~Pre-empting the We Meet~ – Plan Text in a Vacuum is a useless guideline since words are contextually defined based on function – the only basis for determining Topicality should be if the implementation of the Plan as per their 1AC solvency evidence follows the directional meaning of the Topic's intent – anything else allows the 1AR to re-contextualize what the Plan says forcing the 1NC to predict infinite 1AR spin since they're not tied to their evidence.3~ Vote neg for limits and neg ground – re-instatement under any infinite number of conditions doubles aff ground – every plan becomes either temporary or permanent – you cherry-pick the best criteria and I must prep every aff while they avoid core topic discussions like reduction-based DAs which decks generics like Pharma Innovation and Bio-Tech.5~ TVA solves – permanently reduce COVID patents. | 9/27/21 |
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