Ayala Mimou Neg
| Tournament | Round | Opponent | Judge | Cites | Round Report | Open Source | Edit/Delete |
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| Jack Howe | 2 | Taite Kirkpatrick | Asher Towner |
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| Jack Howe | 4 | Alexis Weiss | Saketh Kotapati |
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| Jack Howe | 6 | Nathan Liu | Dhruv Channa |
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| Jack Howe | Doubles | Lydia Wang | Panel |
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| Loyola | 2 | Ella Jewell | Venu Sathu |
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| Loyola | 4 | Samhith Dharani | David Dosch |
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| Loyola | 6 | Jarvis Xie | Ishan Rereddy |
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| Loyola | Doubles | Joey Antonelli | JULIAN KUFFOUR, DEREK HILLIGOSS, RONAK AHUJA |
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| Loyola | Octas | Rhys Moon | Panel |
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| Mid America Cup | Octas | Lilly Broussard | Panel |
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| Mid America Cup | 3 | Nathan Gong | Aryan Jasani |
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| Mid America Cup | 5 | Yesh Rao | Joseph Barquin |
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| Mid America Cup | 1 | Eli Leadham | Chansey Agler |
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| Mid America Cup | 1 | Eli Leadham | Chansey Agler |
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| Nano Nagle | 2 | Yesh Rao | Joseph Barquin |
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| Nano Nagle | 4 | Shreeram Modi | Samantha McLoughlin |
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| Nano Nagle | 6 | Rahul Mulpuri | Christopher Perez |
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| Nano Nagle | Octas | Shrey Raju | Panel |
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| a9ieaogiaioujeg | Quads | awerffaefagaehgahyhagh | aehgyadhaherahhrhah |
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| aefafefa | Semis | afeaf | aefafaefa |
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| ewkopafp9oiepoikfpoika | Semis | wadeafaefaef | adfeafaef |
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| Tournament | Round | Report |
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| Jack Howe | 2 | Opponent: Taite Kirkpatrick | Judge: Asher Towner 1ac - vaccine imperialism |
| Jack Howe | 4 | Opponent: Alexis Weiss | Judge: Saketh Kotapati 1ac - vaccine imperialism |
| Jack Howe | 6 | Opponent: Nathan Liu | Judge: Dhruv Channa 1ac - opiods disclosure |
| Jack Howe | Doubles | Opponent: Lydia Wang | Judge: Panel 1ac - trips |
| Loyola | 2 | Opponent: Ella Jewell | Judge: Venu Sathu 1ac - lay evergreening high prices |
| Loyola | 4 | Opponent: Samhith Dharani | Judge: David Dosch 1ac - covid waviers |
| Loyola | 6 | Opponent: Jarvis Xie | Judge: Ishan Rereddy 1ac - korsgaard util adv |
| Loyola | Doubles | Opponent: Joey Antonelli | Judge: JULIAN KUFFOUR, DEREK HILLIGOSS, RONAK AHUJA 1ac - zoom bad |
| Loyola | Octas | Opponent: Rhys Moon | Judge: Panel 1ac - vaccine imperialism |
| Mid America Cup | Octas | Opponent: Lilly Broussard | Judge: Panel 1ac - covid |
| Mid America Cup | 3 | Opponent: Nathan Gong | Judge: Aryan Jasani 1ac - kant evergreening |
| Mid America Cup | 5 | Opponent: Yesh Rao | Judge: Joseph Barquin 1ac - evergreening |
| Mid America Cup | 1 | Opponent: Eli Leadham | Judge: Chansey Agler 1ac - trans geneology |
| Mid America Cup | 1 | Opponent: Eli Leadham | Judge: Chansey Agler 1ac - trans geneology |
| Nano Nagle | 2 | Opponent: Yesh Rao | Judge: Joseph Barquin 1ac - evergreening |
| Nano Nagle | 4 | Opponent: Shreeram Modi | Judge: Samantha McLoughlin 1ac - biocolonialism |
| Nano Nagle | 6 | Opponent: Rahul Mulpuri | Judge: Christopher Perez 1ac - covid |
| Nano Nagle | Octas | Opponent: Shrey Raju | Judge: Panel 1ac - virtue ethics |
To modify or delete round reports, edit the associated round.
Cites
| Entry | Date |
|---|---|
0 - Contact InfoTournament: ewkopafp9oiepoikfpoika | Round: Semis | Opponent: wadeafaefaef | Judge: adfeafaef | 10/4/21 |
0 - Disclosure NoteTournament: aefafefa | Round: Semis | Opponent: afeaf | Judge: aefafaefa | 9/27/21 |
0 - NavigationTournament: a9ieaogiaioujeg | Round: Quads | Opponent: awerffaefagaehgahyhagh | Judge: aehgyadhaherahhrhah | 9/27/21 |
1 - FW - Util NC v3Tournament: Nano Nagle | Round: Octas | Opponent: Shrey Raju | Judge: Panel The standard is act hedonistic util. Prefer –1 – Pleasure and pain are intrinsic value and disvalue – everything else regresses – robust neuroscience.Blum et al. 18 2 – No intent-foresight distinction – if I foresee a consequence, then it becomes part of my deliberation since its intrinsic to my action3 – Actor spec – governments lack wills or intentions and inevitably deals with tradeoffs – outweighs because agents have differing obligations.No calc indicts – a) no philosophy actually says that consequences don't matter at all since otherwise it would indict every theory since they use causal events to understand how their ethics have worked in the past and through the justification of premises b) they're blippy nibs that set the aff at an unfair advantage since they only have to win one while we have to beat them all – voting issue for fairnessExtinction first –1 – Forecloses future improvement – we can never improve society because our impact is irreversible which proves moral uncertainty2 – Prior question since people would attempt to steal the small amount of resources that exist before they die so it turns virtue, also you need to be alive to be virtuous which means it's a prerequisite | 10/10/21 |
1 - K - Cap v1Tournament: Loyola | Round: Doubles | Opponent: Joey Antonelli | Judge: JULIAN KUFFOUR, DEREK HILLIGOSS, RONAK AHUJA The AFF's structural claims and refusal of institutional politics results in a politics of cynicism that makes any kind of material change impossibleBurgum 15 (Samuel, PhD candidate in Sociology at the University of Warwick and has been conducting research with Occupy London since 2012, "The branding of the left: between spectacle and passivity in an era of cynicism," Journal for Cultural Research, Volume 19, Issue 3) Capitalism causes war, violence, environmental destruction and extinction.Robinson 18 (William I., Prof. of Sociology, Global and International Studies, and Latin American Studies, @ UC-Santa Barbara, "Accumulation Crisis and Global Police State" Critical Sociology) RE Thus the alternative is to affirm the model of the Communist Party – only democratic centralist dual power organizing can provide effective accountability to connect local struggles for international mobilizationEscalante 18 | 9/27/21 |
1 - NC - Util v1Tournament: Mid America Cup | Round: 3 | Opponent: Nathan Gong | Judge: Aryan Jasani 1~ Prep – small school debaters only need a few good generics like innovation, the biotech da, and the consult who cp counterplan to win every util round. But under kant, since contentions are less variable and analytics are more important, big-school block-writing hoses them every round. Blocks don't matter nearly as much for util since innovation checks coaching bias.2~ Innovation – there are simply more articles written in the context of util than in agonism – simple Google search proves. Proves util incentivizes a wider variety of arguments than kant, which causes recycling of old args – proven by the fact that the same agonism justifications have been read every phil round for decades. Think about it – new advantages are broken often, but phil contentions are established at the beginning of the topic and never change for two months.3~ Ground – non-util philosophies conclude overwhelmingly on one side of most topics – for example, Kant won every neg round on the national service topic. Only util generates robust debates with equitable ground.4~ Real-world – abstract debates about philosophy have much less grounding in the real world than util – discussing consequences gives students education about fopo, economics, IR, etc. Outweighs since portable skills are the ultimate goal of debate.Theoretical justifications outweigh – | 9/27/21 |
1 - NC - Util v2Tournament: Loyola | Round: 6 | Opponent: Jarvis Xie | Judge: Ishan Rereddy The standard is act hedonistic util. Prefer –1 – Pleasure and pain are intrinsic value and disvalue – everything else regresses – robust neuroscience.Blum et al. 18 2 – No intent-foresight distinction – if I foresee a consequence, then it becomes part of my deliberation since its intrinsic to my action3 – Actor spec – governments lack wills or intentions and inevitably deals with tradeoffs – outweighs because agents have differing obligations.4 – No act omission distinction – choosing not to act is an action in of itself since you had to make an active decision to omit. Walking past a drowning baby and choosing not to save it is a cognitive decision you were faced with and you actively decided to keep walking b) warranting a distinction gives agents the permissible choice of omitting from any ethical action since omissions lack culpability.No calc indicts – a) no philosophy actually says that consequences don't matter at all since otherwise it would indict every theory since they use causal events to understand how their ethics have worked in the past and through the justification of premises b) we don't need consequences – winning hedonism proves we're the only one with impacts to it which means risk of offense framing is sufficient c) they're blippy nibs that set the aff at an unfair advantage since they only have to win one while we have to beat them all – voting issue for fairnessExtinction first –1 – Forecloses future improvement – we can never improve society because our impact is irreversible which proves moral uncertainty2 – Turns suffering – mass death causes suffering because people can't get access to resources and basic necessities3 – Objectivity – body count is the most objective way to calculate impacts because comparing suffering is unethical | 9/27/21 |
1 - Theory - Open Source v1Tournament: Mid America Cup | Round: 1 | Opponent: Eli Leadham | Judge: Chansey Agler Interpretation: Debaters must disclose all constructive positions on open source with highlighting, underlining, and popping of tags on the 2020-21 NDCA LD wiki after the round in which they read them.Violation – they don't – SS in doc1~ Debate resource inequities—you'll say people will steal cards, but that's good—it's the only way to truly level the playing field for students such as novices in under-privileged programs who can't bypass paywalled articles.Louden 10 – Allan D. Louden, professor of Communication at Wake Forest ("Navigating Opportunity: Policy Debate in the 21st Century" Wake Forest National Debate Conference. IDEA, 2010) 2~ Evidence ethics – open source is the only way to verify pre-round that cards aren't miscut or highlighted or bracketed unethically. That's a voter – maintaining ethical ev practices is key to being good academics and we should be able to verify you didn't cheat3~ Depth of clash – it allows debaters to have nuanced researched objections to their opponents evidence before the round at a much faster rate, which leads to higher quality ev comparison – outweighs cause thinking on your feet is NUQ but the best quality responses come from full access to a case.The abuse is uniquely super charged in the context of k affs – its functionally impossible to find the warrants when you only disclose first and last 3 since most of these books are huge as fuck 4~ Norming – it's a question of Wiki usage – setting the better norm outweighs on exportability, and link turns every argument, since it leads to more nuance clashFairness is a voter its a meta-constraint on your ability to evaluate the rest of the flow. Education is a voter it benefits you for life and is the reason schools fund debate | 9/27/21 |
SO - CP - Adv CP v BiopiracyTournament: Nano Nagle | Round: 4 | Opponent: Shreeram Modi | Judge: Samantha McLoughlin We affirm that the member nations of the World Trade Organization ought to:Modify Intellectual Property Protection of Indigenous Knowledge through implementation of a Sui Generis Intellectual Property Regime that reflects consistent consultation with local communities and traditional communities.Mandate widespread ratification, application, and the enforcement of the Swakokpmund Protocol ensuring that local communities and traditional communities are guaranteed continued use of Traditional Medical Knowledge in the traditional context without any legal implication and without licenses and subject to pre-determined sharing of benefits.Implement an opt-in opt-out system where Indigenous Groups are given the right to refuse to relinquish control of Intellectual Property to non-Indigenous Intellectual Property Holders over Traditional Knowledge.Mandate a disclosure of origin requirement as a pre-requisite of Intellectual Property Protection applications.The Swakokpmund Protocol is an Intellectual Property Regime that solves exploitation and protects Traditional Knowledge and People while still allowing usage of Intellectual Property in Medical Innovation – Sua Generis emphasis of collective rights solves IPCB issues with IPRs.Sinkala 17, Ruth M. "Protection of Traditional Medical Knowledge in the Patent System: Is There Room?." (2017). (Master Programme in Intellectual Property Law at University of Uppselett)SidK Disclosure of Origin ensures that original TMK owners are able to get compensation and are protected from exploitation.Sinkala 17, Ruth M. "Protection of Traditional Medical Knowledge in the Patent System: Is There Room?." (2017). (Master Programme in Intellectual Property Law at University of Uppselett)SidK | 10/9/21 |
SO - CP - Distribution v1Tournament: Jack Howe | Round: Doubles | Opponent: Lydia Wang | Judge: Panel | 9/27/21 |
SO - CP - Info Sharing v1Tournament: Jack Howe | Round: 2 | Opponent: Taite Kirkpatrick | Judge: Asher Towner The World Trade Organization ought to increase intellectual property protections for medicines. The United States ought to designate intellectual property protections on medicines as adversely affecting the international transfer of technology.Member states can waive IP rights if they hamper the international flow of medical technology.WTO '21 (World Trade Organization; 2021; "Obligations and exceptions"; World Trade Organization; Accessed: 8-30-2021; exact date not provided, but copyright was updated in 2021) Designating IP protections as antithetical to the global health system revitalizes info-sharing.Youde '16 (Jeremy; writer for World Politics Review; 4-29-2016; "Technology Transfer Is a Weak Link in the Global Health System"; World Politics Review; https://www.worldpoliticsreview.com/articles/18639/technology-transfer-is-a-weak-link-in-the-global-health-system; Accessed: 8-30-2021) International collaboration's key to check future pandemics – otherwise, extinction.Dulaney '20 ~Michael; digital journalist with the ABC June 2020; "'A question of when, not if': Another pandemic is coming – and sooner than we think", No Publication; https://www.abc.net.au/news/science/2020-06-07/a-matter-of-when-not-if-the-next-pandemic-is-around-the-corner/12313372, accessed 4-12-2021~ IP Waivers aren't enough – Information sharing is the crucial internal link to vaccine productionBolle and Obstfeld 21 ~Monica de Bolle and Maurice Obstfeld, VIEW SHARING OPTIONS Monica de Bolle, senior fellow at the Peterson Institute for International Economics since January 2017, is adjunct lecturer and former director for Latin American studies and emerging markets at the School of Advanced International Studies at Johns Hopkins University. De Bolle was nonresident senior fellow at the Institute between March 2015 and January 2017. Maurice Obstfeld has been nonresident senior fellow at the Peterson Institute for International Economics since February 2019. He is the Class of 1958 Professor of Economics and former chair of the department of economics (1998–2001) at the University of California, Berkeley. He previously taught at Harvard University (1989–90), the University of Pennsylvania (1986–89), and Columbia University (1979–86). Obstfeld served at the International Monetary Fund (IMF) as economic counsellor and director of the research department (2015–18) and as a member of the US President's Council of Economic Advisors (2014–15). Obstfeld was an honorary adviser to the Bank of Japan's Institute of Monetary and Economic Studies (2002–14) and has consulted and taught at the IMF, the World Bank, and numerous central banks around the world. 5-12-2021, accessed on 9-12-2021, PIIE, "Waiving patent and intellectual property protections is not a panacea for global vaccine distribution", https://www.piie.com/blogs/realtime-economic-issues-watch/waiving-patent-and-intellectual-property-protections-not~~ Adam | 9/27/21 |
SO - CP - Info Sharing v2Tournament: Jack Howe | Round: Doubles | Opponent: Lydia Wang | Judge: Panel Member states can waive IP rights if they hamper the international flow of medical technology. | 9/27/21 |
SO - CP - Lockdown v1Tournament: Mid America Cup | Round: Octas | Opponent: Lilly Broussard | Judge: Panel Counterplan text: during pandemics The member nations of the WTO should impose a mandatory lockdown until there is no more than one new case per day per 100,000 people after which local officials will modulate lockdown levels based on local case numbers. Governments should compensate both individual workers and small businesses that suffer substantial or irreparable economic loss as a result of lockdowns. The WTO should publicly declare this policy and every member nation should announce it is in accordance with the WTOOnly the lockdown solves- it curbs Disease spread until the vaccineOsterholm, 20 — Regents Professor and Director of the Center for Infectious Disease Research and Policy at the University of Minnesota | 9/27/21 |
SO - CP - Lockdown v2Tournament: Mid America Cup | Round: 3 | Opponent: Nathan Gong | Judge: Aryan Jasani Counterplan text: during pandemics The member nations of the WTO should impose a mandatory lockdown until there is no more than one new case per day per 100,000 people after which local officials will modulate lockdown levels based on local case numbers. Governments should compensate both individual workers and small businesses that suffer substantial or irreparable economic loss as a result of lockdowns.Only the lockdown solves- it curbs Disease spread until the vaccineOsterholm, 20 — Regents Professor and Director of the Center for Infectious Disease Research and Policy at the University of Minnesota | 9/27/21 |
SO - CP - Prizes v1Tournament: Loyola | Round: 4 | Opponent: Samhith Dharani | Judge: David Dosch Member states of the World Trade Organization ought to:- should establish a major prize for companies and institutions that collaborate to produce a successful ~treatment for new infectious diseases~ with all grant recipients obliged to donate to a common patent pool governed by a Patent Pool authority in accordance with the recommendations of the Goozner evidence.- vest the office of the Vice President, or domestic equivalent, with the power to coordinate national biodefense response, establish a White House Biodefense Coordination Council, commit funding to support state, tribal, territorial, and local health departments, implement a national bio-surveillance program that incorporates animal data- eliminate their nuclear weapons Drug Prizes Plank solves the Aff and Patent Pooling Plank solves Access – an approach that utilizes IP is key.Goozner 6, Merrill. "Innovation in biomedicine: can stem cell research lead the way to affordability?." PLoS medicine 3.5 (2006): e126. (Director of the Integrity in Science Project, Center for Science in the Public Interest)Elmer Coordination plank solves disease and bioterrorismMCM = medical countermeasure The Counterplan solves response, which is enough to prevent the terminal impactLieberman and Ridge 15 Joseph I. Lieberman, Chair and former US senator from Connecticut, and Thomas J. Ridge '15, Chair and Former United States Secretary of Homeland Security, "A National Blueprint for Biodefense: Leadership and Major Reform Needed to Optimize Efforts A Bipartisan Report of the Blue Ribbon Study Panel on Biodefense," Blue Ribbon Study Panel on Biodefense, October 2015 | 9/27/21 |
SO - CP - Science Diplomacy v1Tournament: Mid America Cup | Round: Octas | Opponent: Lilly Broussard | Judge: Panel Text: The member nations of the World Trade Organization ought to appoint an international panel of scientists including National Academies and corresponding organizations to decide if they should ~reduce intellectual property protections by implementing a one and done approach to patent protections~ and manage similar conflicts of interest between intellectual property. Member states must abide by that rulingInternational panel of science diplomats can rule over IP—-that's key to science diplomacy.Hajjar and Greenbaum 18 ~David; Dean Emeritus and University Distinguished Professor, and Professor of Biochemistry and Pathology at Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University. He is a Fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, Fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Sciences, a Jefferson Science Fellow of the National Academies at the U.S. Department of State, and a recent Senior Fellow in Science Policy at the Brookings Institute; Steven; Professor and Chair of the Department of Physics and Astronomy at Hunter College of the City University of New York and a Fellow of the American Physical Society. He was a Jefferson Science Fellow of the National Academies at the U.S. Department of State; "Leveraging Diplomacy for Managing Scientific Challenges," American Diplomacy; September 18; https://americandiplomacy.web.unc.edu/2018/09/leveraging-diplomacy-for-managing-scientific-challenges-an-opportunity-to-navigate-the-future-of-science/~~ Justin Solves every existential threat.Haynes 18—research associate in the Neurobiology Department at Harvard Medical School (Trevor, "Science Diplomacy: Collaboration in a rapidly changing world," http://sitn.hms.harvard.edu/flash/2018/science-diplomacy-collaboration-rapidly-changing-world/, dml) Re-Cut Justin | 9/27/21 |
SO - CP - Science Diplomacy v2Tournament: Mid America Cup | Round: 3 | Opponent: Nathan Gong | Judge: Aryan Jasani 1NC – OFFText: The member nations of the World Trade Organization ought to appoint an international panel of scientists including National Academies and corresponding organizations to decide if they should ~reduce intellectual property protections by implementing a one and done approach to patent protections~ and manage similar conflicts of interest between intellectual property. The panel should say yes to the proposal and member states must abide by that ruling.International panel of science diplomats can rule over IP—-that's key to science diplomacy.Hajjar and Greenbaum 18 ~David; Dean Emeritus and University Distinguished Professor, and Professor of Biochemistry and Pathology at Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University. He is a Fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, Fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Sciences, a Jefferson Science Fellow of the National Academies at the U.S. Department of State, and a recent Senior Fellow in Science Policy at the Brookings Institute; Steven; Professor and Chair of the Department of Physics and Astronomy at Hunter College of the City University of New York and a Fellow of the American Physical Society. He was a Jefferson Science Fellow of the National Academies at the U.S. Department of State; "Leveraging Diplomacy for Managing Scientific Challenges," American Diplomacy; September 18; https://americandiplomacy.web.unc.edu/2018/09/leveraging-diplomacy-for-managing-scientific-challenges-an-opportunity-to-navigate-the-future-of-science/~~ Justin Solves every existential threat.Haynes 18—research associate in the Neurobiology Department at Harvard Medical School (Trevor, "Science Diplomacy: Collaboration in a rapidly changing world," http://sitn.hms.harvard.edu/flash/2018/science-diplomacy-collaboration-rapidly-changing-world/, dml) Re-Cut Justin Science diplomacy is key to nuclear security and counter-terror operations.Micah D. Lowenthal 11. Senior Board Director / Program Director at The National Academy of Sciences. "Science Diplomacy for Nuclear Security." The United States Institute of Peace. https://www.usip.org/sites/default/files/SR_288.pdf. Nuclear terror causes extinction.Nickolas Roth 17. Research associate at the Belfer Center's Project on Managing the Atom at Harvard University and research fellow at the Center for International and Security Studies at the University of Maryland. Matthew Bunn, Professor of practice at the Harvard Kennedy School. "The effects of a single terrorist nuclear bomb." Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists, http://thebulletin.org/effects-single-terrorist-nuclear-bomb11150. | 9/27/21 |
SO - CP - US Leadership v1Tournament: Loyola | Round: Octas | Opponent: Rhys Moon | Judge: Panel CP Text – The United States federal government ought to establish a global leadership role in production and distribution of medicines and treatments by engaging in talks with NATO and the G-7 and expanding support of neutral medical distribution programs to bridge the North-South Divide and encourage public-private partnerships and facilitate overseas licensing agreements with the Global South without reducing intellectual property rights.The CP solves vaccine distribution and re-vitalizes American influence BUT US leadership is key.Gayle et Al 21 Helene Gayle, Gordon LaForge, and Anne-Marie Slaughter 3-19-2021 "American Can-and Should-Vaccinate the World" https://archive.is/wtVC2~~#selection-1369.0-1369.54 (Helene D. Gayle, MD, MPH, has been president and CEO of The Chicago Community Trust, one of the nation's oldest and largest community foundations, since October 2017. Under her leadership, the Trust has adopted a new strategic focus on closing the racial and ethnic wealth gap in the Chicago region. For almost a decade, Dr. Gayle was president and CEO of CARE, a leading international humanitarian organization. An expert on global development, humanitarian, and health issues, she spent 20 years with the Centers for Disease Control, working primarily on HIV/AIDS.)Elmer Waiving IP rights undercuts the perception of American medical innovation superiority which allows China and Russia to expand influence – a unilaterally-led global effort jumpstarts Vaccine Diplomacy in the face of Chinese and Russian weakness.Sasse 5-17 Ben Sasse 5-17-2021 "U.S. Can Stop the Pandemic and Counter China" https://archive.is/NOKMj~~#selection-4197.0-4265.96 (Ben Sasse has a bachelor's degree in government from Harvard University, a Master of Arts in liberal studies from St. John's College and master's and doctoral degrees in American history from Yale University. He taught at the University of Texas and served as an assistant secretary in the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services.)Elmer Vaccine Diplomacy is a zero-sum game for influence – China and Russia are taking over battleground states to expand their sphere of influence.Smith 4-2 Alexander Smith 4-2-2021 "Russia and China are beating the U.S. at vaccine diplomacy, experts say" https://www.nbcnews.com/news/world/russia-china-are-beating-u-s-vaccine-diplomacy-experts-say-n1262742 (a senior reporter for NBC News Digital based in London.)Elmer Expanding Chinese SOI causes Nuclear War.Brands 20 Hal Brands 4-20-2020 "Don't Let Great Powers Carve Up the World Spheres of Influence Are Unnecessary and Dangerous" https://www.foreignaffairs.com/articles/china/2020-04-20/dont-let-great-powers-carve-world (Henry A. Kissinger Distinguished Professor of Global Affairs at the Johns Hopkins School of Advanced International Studies (SAIS), a resident scholar at the American Enterprise Institute, and a Bloomberg Opinion columnist)Elmer Hegemony is crucial to solve genocide and ethnic violenceLieber 2005 – PhD from Harvard, Professor of Government and International Affairs at Georgetown, former consultant to the State Department and for National Intelligence Estimates (Robert, "The American Era", pages 51-52)Elmer Nuke war causes extinction AND outweighs other existential risks-checked (sid) | 9/27/21 |
SO - CP - Wealth Distribution v1Tournament: Jack Howe | Round: 2 | Opponent: Taite Kirkpatrick | Judge: Asher Towner | 9/27/21 |
SO - DA - Biotech v1Tournament: Nano Nagle | Round: 2 | Opponent: Yesh Rao | Judge: Joseph Barquin 1NC – OFFBiotech industry strong now – new innovation and RandD comingCancherini et al. 4/30 ~Laura, Engagement Manager @ McKinsey and Company, Joseph Lydon, Associate Partner @ McKinsey and Company, Jorge Santos Da Silva, Senior Partner at McKinsey and Company, and Alexandra Zemp, Partner at McKinsey and Company~ "What's ahead for biotech: Another wave or low tide?", McKinsey and Company, 4-30-2021, https://www.mckinsey.com/industries/pharmaceuticals-and-medical-products/our-insights/whats-ahead-for-biotech-another-wave-or-low-tide ajs Secondary patents are necessary for innovation of otherwise mediocre drugs—core to cancer and HIV treatmentsHolman 2018 (Christopher, Professor of Law, University of Missouri-Kansas City School of Law. "Why Follow-On Pharmaceutical Innovations Should Be Eligible For Patent Protection" https://www.ip-watch.org/2018/09/21/follow-pharmaceutical-innovations-eligible-patent-protection/ September 21, 2018)DR 21 One and done model kills innovation—chilling effectMagiera 2021 (Melissa S., J.D. Candidate, 2021, Indiana UniversityRobert H. McKinney School of Law; B.S. 2017, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis – Indianapolis, Indiana. Recipient of the Papke Prize for Best Note in Volume 54, endowed by and named in honor of David R. Papke, former R. Bruce Townsend Professor of Law and faculty advisor to the Indiana Law Review "Leaving the Evergreening Problem to the Patent Experts—The USPTO, the PTAB, and the Federal Circuit" Indiana Law Review, 54(1), 195-220.)DR 21 Expectation of decreased market demand shifts funding away from RandDScherer '1 F.M. Scherer, Health Affairs, The Link Between Gross Profitability And Pharmaceutical RandD Spending, September 2001 vol. 20 no. 5 216-220, http://content.healthaffairs.org/content/20/5/216.long Big pharma relies on evergreening as a major source of profit—empirics prove.Chandler 15
Biopharmaceutical innovation is key to prevent future pandemics and bioterror – turns caseMarjanovic and Feijao 20 ~(Sonja Marjanovic, Ph.D., Judge Business School, University of Cambridge. Carolina Feijao, Ph.D. in biochemistry, University of Cambridge; M.Sc. in quantitative biology, Imperial College London; B.Sc. in biology, University of Lisbon.) "How to Best Enable Pharma Innovation Beyond the COVID-19 Crisis," RAND Corporation, 05-2020, https://www.rand.org/pubs/perspectives/PEA407-1.html~~ TDI COVID incentivizes engineered bioterror- extinctionWalsh, 20 — Axios Future correspondent ~Bryan Walsh, "The coronavirus pandemic reawakens bioweapon fears," Axios, 5-14-2020, https://www.axios.com/coronavirus-pandemic-pathogen-bioweapon-45417c86-52aa-41b1-8a99-44a6e597d3a8.html, accessed 9-7-2020~ | 10/9/21 |
SO - DA - Bioterror v1Tournament: Jack Howe | Round: 2 | Opponent: Taite Kirkpatrick | Judge: Asher Towner Covid exposed new vulnerabilities and motivation for bioterror BUT technical challenges still outweigh.Koblentz and Kiesel 7/14 ~Gregory D. Koblentz (Deputy Director of the Biodefense Graduate Program and Assistant Professor of Government and Politics in the Department of Public and International Affairs at George Mason University) and Stevie Kiesel (Biodefense PhD Student, Schar School of Policy and Government, George Mason University). "The COVID-19 Pandemic: Catalyst or Complication for Bioterrorism?". Studies in Conflict and Terrorism. Published online 14 Jul 2021. Accessed 7/22/21. https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/1057610X.2021.1944023?journalCode=uter20 Xu recut Adam~ IP protections are the only limit on proliferating dual-use biotech – losing patents puts financial pressure on companies to outsource RandD, which skyrockets bioterror acquisition.Finlay 10 ~Brian Finlay (President and Chief Executive Officer of the Stimson Center, M.A. from the Norman Patterson School of International Affairs at Carleton University, a graduate diploma from the School of Advanced International Studies, the Johns Hopkins University and an honors B.A. from Western University in Canada). "The Bioterror Pipeline: Big Pharma, Patent Expirations, and New Challenges to Global Security". The Fletcher Forum of World Affairs. Vol. 34, No. 2 (Summer 2010), pp. 51-64. https://www.jstor.org/stable/45289504?seq=1~~#metadata_info_tab_contents Xu~ COVID resulted in mass on-shoring of RandD – only price incentives can convince them to stay.Mullin 20 Rick Mullin 4-27-2020 "COVID-19 is reshaping the pharmaceutical supply chain" https://cen.acs.org/business/outsourcing/COVID-19-reshaping-pharmaceutical-supply/98/i16 (BA English Literature, Drew University, 1980. Business journalist covering engergy, chemicals, pharmaceuticals, and information technology for various publications including Chemical Week since 1983)Elmer Bioterrorism causes Extinction – overcomes any conventional defense.Walsh 19, Bryan. End Times: A Brief Guide to the End of the World. Hachette Books, 2019. (Future Correspondent for Axios, Editor of the Science and Technology Publication OneZero, Former Senior and International Editor at Time Magazine, BA from Princeton University)Elmer | 9/27/21 |
SO - DA - Bioterror v2Tournament: Jack Howe | Round: 4 | Opponent: Alexis Weiss | Judge: Saketh Kotapati Covid exposed new vulnerabilities and motivation for bioterror BUT technical challenges still outweigh.Koblentz and Kiesel 7/14 ~Gregory D. Koblentz (Deputy Director of the Biodefense Graduate Program and Assistant Professor of Government and Politics in the Department of Public and International Affairs at George Mason University) and Stevie Kiesel (Biodefense PhD Student, Schar School of Policy and Government, George Mason University). "The COVID-19 Pandemic: Catalyst or Complication for Bioterrorism?". Studies in Conflict and Terrorism. Published online 14 Jul 2021. Accessed 7/22/21. https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/1057610X.2021.1944023?journalCode=uter20 Xu recut Adam~ IP protections are the only limit on proliferating dual-use biotech – losing patents puts financial pressure on companies to outsource RandD, which skyrockets bioterror acquisition.Finlay 10 ~Brian Finlay (President and Chief Executive Officer of the Stimson Center, M.A. from the Norman Patterson School of International Affairs at Carleton University, a graduate diploma from the School of Advanced International Studies, the Johns Hopkins University and an honors B.A. from Western University in Canada). "The Bioterror Pipeline: Big Pharma, Patent Expirations, and New Challenges to Global Security". The Fletcher Forum of World Affairs. Vol. 34, No. 2 (Summer 2010), pp. 51-64. https://www.jstor.org/stable/45289504?seq=1~~#metadata_info_tab_contents Xu~ COVID resulted in mass on-shoring of RandD – only price incentives can convince them to stay.Mullin 20 Rick Mullin 4-27-2020 "COVID-19 is reshaping the pharmaceutical supply chain" https://cen.acs.org/business/outsourcing/COVID-19-reshaping-pharmaceutical-supply/98/i16 (BA English Literature, Drew University, 1980. Business journalist covering engergy, chemicals, pharmaceuticals, and information technology for various publications including Chemical Week since 1983)Elmer Bioterrorism causes Extinction – overcomes any conventional defense.Walsh 19, Bryan. End Times: A Brief Guide to the End of the World. Hachette Books, 2019. (Future Correspondent for Axios, Editor of the Science and Technology Publication OneZero, Former Senior and International Editor at Time Magazine, BA from Princeton University)Elmer | 9/27/21 |
SO - DA - Climate Patents v1Tournament: Mid America Cup | Round: Octas | Opponent: Lilly Broussard | Judge: Panel Climate Patents and Innovation high now and solving Warming but patent waivers set a dangerous precedent for appropriations - the mere threat is sufficient is enough to kill investment.Brand 5-26, Melissa. "Trips Ip Waiver Could Establish Dangerous Precedent for Climate Change and Other Biotech Sectors." IPWatchdog.com | Patents and Patent Law, 26 May 2021, www.ipwatchdog.com/2021/05/26/trips-ip-waiver-establish-dangerous-precedent-climate-change-biotech-sectors/id=133964/. sid Cross apply the 1AC climate impact | 9/27/21 |
SO - DA - Climate Patents v2Tournament: Mid America Cup | Round: 3 | Opponent: Nathan Gong | Judge: Aryan Jasani Climate Patents and Innovation high now and solving Warming but waiving patents sets a dangerous precedent for appropriations – the mere threat is sufficient is enough to kill investment.Brand 5-26, Melissa. "Trips Ip Waiver Could Establish Dangerous Precedent for Climate Change and Other Biotech Sectors." IPWatchdog.com | Patents and Patent Law, 26 May 2021, www.ipwatchdog.com/2021/05/26/trips-ip-waiver-establish-dangerous-precedent-climate-change-biotech-sectors/id=133964/. sid Climate change destroys the world.Specktor 19 ~Brandon writes about the science of everyday life for Live Science, and previously for Reader's Digest magazine, where he served as an editor for five years~ 6-4-2019, "Human Civilization Will Crumble by 2050 If We Don't Stop Climate Change Now, New Paper Claims," livescience, https://www.livescience.com/65633-climate-change-dooms-humans-by-2050.html Justin | 9/27/21 |
SO - DA - India Nationalism v1Tournament: Mid America Cup | Round: Octas | Opponent: Lilly Broussard | Judge: Panel India's COVID crisis has killed Modi's appetite for international adventurism, but increasing vaccine production reverses the trend.Singh '21 (Sushant; senior fellow with the Centre for Policy Research in India; 5-3-2021; "The End of Modi's Global Dreams"; Foreign Policy; https://foreignpolicy.com/2021/05/03/india-vishwaguru-modi-second-wave-soft-power-self-sufficiency/; Accessed: 8-27-2021) Indo-Pak war's on the brink now – successes at home push it over.Panda '19 (Ankit; writer for The Atlantic; 2-28-2019; "Ending the India-Pakistan Crisis Requires a Courageous Narendra Modi"; The Atlantic; https://www.theatlantic.com/international/archive/2019/02/india-modi-pakistan-crisis/583840/; Accessed: 8-27-2021) ====Revitalized risk-taking risks Indo-Pak confrontations – those go nuclear.==== | 9/27/21 |
SO - DA - Innovation v1Tournament: Nano Nagle | Round: 4 | Opponent: Shreeram Modi | Judge: Samantha McLoughlin Strong current IP guarantees causes massive Pharma innovation.Stevens and Ezell 20 Philip Stevens and Stephen Ezell 2-3-2020 "Delinkage Debunked: Why Replacing Patents With Prizes for Drug Development Won't Work" https://itif.org/publications/2020/02/03/delinkage-debunked-why-replacing-patents-prizes-drug-development-wont-work (Philip founded Geneva Network in 2015. His main research interests are the intersection of intellectual property, trade, and health policy. Formerly he was an official at the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) in Geneva, where he worked in its Global Challenges Division on a range of IP and health issues. Prior to his time with WIPO, Philip worked as director of policy for International Policy Network, a UK-based think tank, as well as holding research positions with the Adam Smith Institute and Reform, both in London. He has also worked as a political risk consultant and a management consultant. He is a regular columnist in a wide range of international newspapers and has published a number of academic studies. He holds degrees from the London School of Economics and Durham University (UK).)Elmer The most efficacious mainstream drugs come from Indigenous Knowledge – empirics are on our side.King 91 Stephen King September 1991 "The Source of Our Cures: A new pharmaceutical company wants to provide reciprocal benefits and recognize the value of indigenous" https://www.culturalsurvival.org/publications/cultural-survival-quarterly/source-our-cures-new-pharmaceutical-company-wants-provide Elmer Our Link is overwhelming –The world is reliant on indigenous medicinal knowledgeBhattacharya 14 ~Sayan Battacharya, Department of Environmental Studies at Rabindra Bharati University in Kolkata, India~, "Bioprospecting, biopiracy and food security in India: The emerging sides of neoliberalism", International Letters of Social and Humanistic Sciences, SciPress Ltd, pg. 49-54, 2014 SLC PK re-cut by Elmer ====Chinese Tribal Medicine proves Compatibility and our Innovation Links.==== ====RandD's key to innovation – otherwise, future pandemics.==== Evolving superbugs trigger extinction.Srivatsa '17 (Kadiyali; specialist in pediatric intensive and critical care medicine in the UK. Invented the bacterial identification tool 'MAYA'; 1-12-2017; "Superbug Pandemics and How to Prevent Them", American Interest; https://www.the-american-interest.com/2017/01/12/superbug-pandemics-and-how-to-prevent-them/, Accessed: 8-31-2021; AU) Disease perpetuates colonialism – it disproportionately hurts Indigenous people.Ostler 20 Jeffrey Ostler 4-29-2020 "Disease Has Never Been Just Disease for Native Americans" https://www.theatlantic.com/ideas/archive/2020/04/disease-has-never-been-just-disease-native-americans/610852/ (Beekman Professor of Northwest and Pacific History at the University of Oregon.)Elmer | 10/9/21 |
SO - K - Setcol v1Tournament: Mid America Cup | Round: 5 | Opponent: Yesh Rao | Judge: Joseph Barquin Genocidal settlement is a structure, not an event meaning ontological logic of elimination is an everyday manifestation that defines settler identity.Rifkin 14, Mark. Settler common sense: Queerness and everyday colonialism in the American renaissance. U of Minnesota Press, 2014. (Associate Professor of English and WGS at UNC-Greensboro)Elmer That results in land exploitation and ecocide – specifically manifests in knowledge institutions making forefronting Settler Colonialism a prior question.Paperson 17 la paperson or K. Wayne Yang, June 2017, "A Third University is Possible" (an associate professor of ethnic studies at the University of California, San Diego)Elmer Expansion of medical access is a form of settler colonial biomedical onslaught – humanitarian promotions of health proliferate genocidal assimilation.Klausen 13, Jimmy Casas. "Reservations on hospitality: contact and vulnerability in Kant and indigenous action." Hospitality and World Politics. Palgrave Macmillan, London, 2013. 197-221. (Associate Professor in the Instituto de Relações Internacionais at the Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio de Janeiro)Elmer Biomedicine itself is invested in colonial exploitation through testing done on indigenous communities to biopiracy and stealing indigenous knowledge.Lift Mode 17 3-10-2017 "Pharmaceutical Colonialism" https://medium.com/@liftmode/pharmaceutical-colonialism-3-ways-that-western-medicine-takes-from-indigenous-communities-3a9339b4f24f (We at Liftmode.com are a team of professionals from a variety of backgrounds, dedicated to the mission of providing the highest quality and highest purity nutritional health supplements on the market. We look specifically for the latest and most promising research in the fields of cognition enhancement, neuroscience and alternative health supplements, and develop commercial strategies to bring these technologies to the marketplace.)Elmer Vote negative to endorse a cartography of refusalDay 15 Iyko, Associate Professor of English. Chair, Critical Social Thought. "Being or Nothingness: Indigeneity, Antiblackness, and Settler Colonial Critique." Source: Critical Ethnic Studies, Vol. 1, No. 2 (Fall 2015), pp. 102-121 Elmer | 9/27/21 |
SO - Theory - T-FWTournament: Loyola | Round: Doubles | Opponent: Joey Antonelli | Judge: JULIAN KUFFOUR, DEREK HILLIGOSS, RONAK AHUJA Interpretation debaters must defend that the member nations of the World Trade Organization ought to reduce intellectual property protections for medicines."Resolved" means to enact by law.Words and Phrases '64 Nations are defined territories with governmentsMerriam Webster ~Merriam Webster, 8-22-2021, accessed on 9-6-2021, Merriam-webster, "Definition of NATION", https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/nation~~ Adam Medicines refer to physical substances.American Heritage Dictionary of Medicine 18 The American Heritage Dictionary of Medicine 2018 by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company https://www.yourdictionary.com/medicine Elmer There are 4 types of IP the aff could reduce.Brewer 19 ~Trevor Brewer, 5-16-2019, accessed on 8-11-2021, BrewerLong, "What Are The 4 Types of Intellectual Property Rights? BrewerLong", https://brewerlong.com/information/business-law/four-types-of-intellectual-property/~~ Adam Violation –At best they're Extra-T, which is a voter for Limits since they can add any amount of infinite planks to the aff to solve for all neg arguments, or Effects-T which is worse, since any small aff can spill up to the res.First, competitive equity –A~ Ground: they get to pick the topic ex post facto which incentivizes vague argumentation that's not grounded in a consistent, stable mechanism – they're playing dodgeball with hand grenades – caselists are concessionary, unpredictable, beaten by perms, and don't justify their model.B~ Limits: their model has no resolutional bound and creates the possibility for literally an infinite number of 1ACs. Not debating the topic allows someone to specialize in one area of the library for 4 years giving them a huge edge over people who switch research focus ever 2 months. Cutting negs to every possible aff is a commitment even large squads can't handle, let alone small schools like us. Counter-interpretations are arbitrary, unpredictable, and don't solve the world of neg prep because there's no grounding in the resolutionC~ Causality- debating the resolution forces the affirmative to defend a cause and effect relationship, the state doing x results in y. Non topical affs establish their own barometer "I think x is good for me" that aren't negateable.D~ Fairness is an impact – ~1~ it's an intrinsic good – some level of competitive equity is necessary to sustain the activity – if it didn't exist, then there wouldn't be value to the game since judges could literally vote whatever way they wanted regardless of the competing arguments made ~2~ probability – your ballot can't solve their impacts but it can solve mine – debate can't alter subjectivity, but can rectify skews ~3~ internal link turns every impact – a limited topic promotes in-depth research and engagement which is necessary to access all of their education ~4~ comes before substance – deciding any other argument in this debate cannot be disentangled from our inability to prepare for it – any argument you think they're winning is a link, not a reason to vote for them, since it's just as likely that they're winning it because we weren't able to effectively prepare to defeat it. This means they don't get to weigh the aff.Second, switch-side debate –A~ It forces debaters to consider a controversial issue from multiple perspectives. Non-T affs allow individuals to establish their own metrics for what they want to debate leading to ideological dogmatism. Even if they prove the topic is bad, our argument is that the process of preparing and defending proposals is an educational benefit of engaging it.B~ topical version of the aff solves – they can still have all their advantages under TVAVote negative – A~ this procedurally evaluates whether their model is good, which is a prior question B~ they can't get offense: we don't exclude them, only persuade you that our methodology is best. Every debate requires a winner and loser, so voting negative doesn't reject them from debate, it just says they should make a better argument next time. | 9/27/21 |
SO - Theory - T-Nebel v1Tournament: Jack Howe | Round: 6 | Opponent: Nathan Liu | Judge: Dhruv Channa Interpretation: medicines is a generic bare plural. The aff may not defend that member nations of the World Trade Organization reduce intellectual property protections for a subset of medicines.Nebel 19 Jake Nebel ~Jake Nebel is an assistant professor of philosophy at the University of Southern California and executive director of Victory Briefs.~ , 8-12-2019, "Genericity on the Standardized Tests Resolution," Briefly, https://www.vbriefly.com/2019/08/12/genericity-on-the-standardized-tests-resolution/ SM It applies to medicines:Upward entailment test – spec fails the upward entailment test because saying that nations ought to reduce IPP for one medicine does not entail that those nations ought to reduce IPP for all medicinesAdverb test – adding "usually" to the res doesn't substantially change its meaning because a reduction is permanentVote neg:1~ Semantics outweigh:T is a constitutive rule of the activity and a basic aff burden – they agreed to debate the topic when they came hereJurisdiction – you can't vote aff if they haven't affirmed the resolutionIt's the only stasis point we know before the round so it controls the internal link to engagement – there's no way to use ground if debaters aren't prepared to defend it2~ Limits – there are countless affs accounting for thousands of medicines – unlimited topics incentivize obscure affs that negs won't have prep on – limits are key to reciprocal prep burden – potential abuse doesn't justify foregoing the topic and 1AR theory checks PICs | 9/27/21 |
SO - Theory - T-Reduce v1Tournament: Jack Howe | Round: 4 | Opponent: Alexis Weiss | Judge: Saketh Kotapati 1~ Interpretation - Reduce means permanent reduction – it's distinct from "waive" or "suspend."Reynolds 59 (Judge (In the Matter of Doris A. Montesani, Petitioner, v. Arthur Levitt, as Comptroller of the State of New York, et al., Respondents ~NO NUMBER IN ORIGINAL~ Supreme Court of New York, Appellate Division, Third Department 9 A.D.2d 51; 189 N.Y.S.2d 695; 1959 N.Y. App. Div. LEXIS 7391 August 13, 1959, lexis) It's temporary – we read blue1AC – Public Citizen 6/22 - Public Citizen et. al, "Please Speedily Secure Implementation of a COVID-19 Emergency Waiver of WTO TRIPS Rules for Vaccines, Tests and Treatments," Open Letter to President Joe Biden. June 22, 2021. https://www.citizenstrade.org/ctc/wp-content/uploads/2021/06/COVIDTRIPSWaiver_SignOnLtr2_062221.pdf~~#new_tab AT ~Pre-empting the We Meet~ – Plan Text in a Vacuum is a useless guideline since words are contextually defined based on function – the only basis for determining Topicality should be if the implementation of the Plan as per their 1AC solvency evidence follows the directional meaning of the Topic's intent – anything else allows the 1AR to re-contextualize what the Plan says forcing the 1NC to predict infinite 1AR spin since they're not tied to their evidence.3~ Vote neg for limits and neg ground – re-instatement under any infinite number of conditions doubles aff ground – every plan becomes either temporary or permanent – you cherry-pick the best criteria and I must prep every aff while they avoid core topic discussions like reduction-based DAs which decks generics like Pharma Innovation and Bio-Tech.5~ TVA solves – permanently reduce COVID patents. | 9/27/21 |
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