Aragon Abraham Neg
| Tournament | Round | Opponent | Judge | Cites | Round Report | Open Source | Edit/Delete |
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| Best Friend | Finals | friend | friend |
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| Contact Info | 1 | Contact Info | Contact Info |
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| Damus | 1 | Harker DV | Dylan Liu |
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| Damus Hollywood Invitational | 4 | Immaculate Heart MF | Sam Larson |
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| Florida Blue Key | 2 | Lexington EY | Sanjana Bhatnagar |
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| Florida Blue Key | 4 | Southlake Caroll SD | Tej Gedela |
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| Florida Blue Key | 6 | Durham JH | Eshwar Mohan |
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| General | Finals | None | None |
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| General | 1 | General | General |
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| Glenbrooks Speech and Debate Tournament | 2 | Harvard Westlake ML | Silma Bathily |
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| Glenbrooks Speech and Debate Tournament | 4 | Garland DA | Clement Agho-Otogille |
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| Harvard | 1 | Tempe Prep CC | Dylan Jones |
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| Harvard | 4 | Bronx Science NK | Michael Kurian |
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| Harvard | 6 | Cooper City NR | Amit Kukreja |
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| Harvard | 7 | Catonsville AT | Viren Abhyankar |
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| Heart of Texas Invitational | 2 | Westwood PM | Dylan Liu |
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| Heart of Texas Invitational | 4 | Marlbrough SL | Danielle Dosch |
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| Heart of Texas Invitational | 6 | Durham JH | Eshwar Mohan |
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| LEBRON | 1 | LEBRON | Flight |
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| Loyola Invitational | 2 | Strake Jesuit JX | Tej Gedela |
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| Loyola Invitational | 4 | Harvard Westlake JH | Gordon Krauss |
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| Loyola Invitational | 5 | Harvard Westlake MT | Phoenix Pittman |
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| Mid America Cup | 1 | Eagan AE | Arianna Nelson |
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| Mid America Cup | 4 | Lexington AM | Aryan Jasani |
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| Mid America Cup | 5 | Harker PG | Faizaan Dosani |
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| Nano Nagle Classic | 1 | Bergen County AK | Vishan Chaudhury |
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| Nano Nagle Classic | 3 | Harker PG | Vanessa Nguyen |
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| Nano Nagle Classic | 6 | Southlake Carroll AS | Scott Brown |
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| Palm Classic | 1 | Marlborough JH | Forrest Fulgenzi |
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| Palm Classic | 3 | harker mk | felicity park |
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| Palm Classic | 6 | Harvard Westlake CR | Thomas Kim |
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| Tournament | Round | Report |
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| Best Friend | Finals | Opponent: friend | Judge: friend POG |
| Damus | 1 | Opponent: Harker DV | Judge: Dylan Liu 1AC EU |
| Damus Hollywood Invitational | 4 | Opponent: Immaculate Heart MF | Judge: Sam Larson 1AC US |
| Florida Blue Key | 2 | Opponent: Lexington EY | Judge: Sanjana Bhatnagar 1AC Kant |
| Florida Blue Key | 4 | Opponent: Southlake Caroll SD | Judge: Tej Gedela 1AC Teachers |
| Florida Blue Key | 6 | Opponent: Durham JH | Judge: Eshwar Mohan 1AC India |
| General | Finals | Opponent: None | Judge: None 1AC Nano Nagle Classic=Nano Nagle Classic and Nano Nagle RR |
| General | 1 | Opponent: General | Judge: General Navigation |
| Glenbrooks Speech and Debate Tournament | 2 | Opponent: Harvard Westlake ML | Judge: Silma Bathily 1AC Inequality |
| Glenbrooks Speech and Debate Tournament | 4 | Opponent: Garland DA | Judge: Clement Agho-Otogille 1AC Nigeria |
| Harvard | 1 | Opponent: Tempe Prep CC | Judge: Dylan Jones 1AC Set Col |
| Harvard | 4 | Opponent: Bronx Science NK | Judge: Michael Kurian 1AC Heidegger |
| Harvard | 6 | Opponent: Cooper City NR | Judge: Amit Kukreja 1AC Requiem |
| Harvard | 7 | Opponent: Catonsville AT | Judge: Viren Abhyankar 1AC Megaconstellations |
| Heart of Texas Invitational | 2 | Opponent: Westwood PM | Judge: Dylan Liu 1AC Biocolonialism |
| Heart of Texas Invitational | 4 | Opponent: Marlbrough SL | Judge: Danielle Dosch 1AC Covid |
| Heart of Texas Invitational | 6 | Opponent: Durham JH | Judge: Eshwar Mohan 1AC India |
| Loyola Invitational | 2 | Opponent: Strake Jesuit JX | Judge: Tej Gedela 1AC Korsgaard |
| Loyola Invitational | 4 | Opponent: Harvard Westlake JH | Judge: Gordon Krauss 1AC Covid Waiver |
| Loyola Invitational | 5 | Opponent: Harvard Westlake MT | Judge: Phoenix Pittman 1AC Covid |
| Mid America Cup | 1 | Opponent: Eagan AE | Judge: Arianna Nelson 1AC PHE |
| Mid America Cup | 4 | Opponent: Lexington AM | Judge: Aryan Jasani 1AC Covid Pandemics |
| Mid America Cup | 5 | Opponent: Harker PG | Judge: Faizaan Dosani 1AC trade Secrets |
| Nano Nagle Classic | 1 | Opponent: Bergen County AK | Judge: Vishan Chaudhury 1AC Covid Waiver |
| Nano Nagle Classic | 3 | Opponent: Harker PG | Judge: Vanessa Nguyen 1AC Trade Secrets |
| Nano Nagle Classic | 6 | Opponent: Southlake Carroll AS | Judge: Scott Brown 1AC Evergreening |
| Palm Classic | 1 | Opponent: Marlborough JH | Judge: Forrest Fulgenzi 1AC Commons V2 |
| Palm Classic | 3 | Opponent: harker mk | Judge: felicity park 1AC whole res |
| Palm Classic | 6 | Opponent: Harvard Westlake CR | Judge: Thomas Kim 1AC Cap |
To modify or delete round reports, edit the associated round.
Cites
| Entry | Date |
|---|---|
0-BEN THE GOATTournament: Best Friend | Round: Finals | Opponent: friend | Judge: friend | 10/19/21 |
0-Contact infoTournament: Contact Info | Round: 1 | Opponent: Contact Info | Judge: Contact Info | 10/30/21 |
0-NavigationTournament: General | Round: 1 | Opponent: General | Judge: General | 11/26/21 |
Fwk-UtilTournament: Loyola Invitational | Round: 2 | Opponent: Strake Jesuit JX | Judge: Tej Gedela 2The standard is maximizing expected wellbeing1~ Actor specificity: A~ Governments must aggregate since every policy benefits some and harms others, which also means side constraints freeze action. B~ States lack wills or intentions since policies are collective actions. Actor-specificity comes first since different agents have different ethical standings. Takes out util calc indicts since they’re empirically denied and link turns them because the alt would be no action.2~ Util is a lexical pre-requisite to any other framework – Threats to bodily security and life preclude the ability for moral actors to effectively utilize and act upon other moral theories since they are in a constant state of crisis that inhibit the ideal moral conditions which other theories presuppose – so, util comes first and my offense outweighs theirs under their own framework.3~ Weighability – only consequentialism explains degrees of wrongness—if I break a promise to meet up for lunch, that is not as bad as breaking a promise to take a dying person to the hospital. Only the consequences of breaking the promise explain why the second one is much worse than the first. Intuitions outweigh—they’re the foundational basis for any argument and theories that contradict our intuitions are most likely false even if we can’t deduce why.4~ No act-omission distinction—governments are responsible for everything in the public sphere so inaction is implicit authorization of action: they have to yes/no bills, which means everything collapse to aggregation.5~ No intent-foresight distinction – If we’re knowledgeable about the consequence of an action then we calculate that into our intention because we could always decide not to act. Thus means based theories devolve to util.6~ Epistemic modesty - Substantively true since it maximizes the probability of achieving net most moral value—beating a framework acts as mitigation to their impacts but the strength of that mitigation is contingent.7~ Extinction outweighs under any frameworkPummer 15 ~Theron, Junior Research Fellow in Philosophy at St. Anne's College, University of Oxford. "Moral Agreement on Saving the World" Practical Ethics, University of Oxford. May 18, 2015~ AT AND be acting very wrongly." (From chapter 36 of On What Matters) | 10/22/21 |
G-A priorisTournament: Loyola Invitational | Round: 5 | Opponent: Harvard Westlake MT | Judge: Phoenix Pittman 3Permissibility and presumption flow neg: ~A~ Probability, there is one way for a statement to be true and an infinite amount of ways for it to be false ~B~ If I knew nothing about P I would presume both P and not P true, a contradiction ~C~} if every action is permissible then ought not statements like the resolution are incoherent ~D~ All moral truths require absolute certainty ~1~ Absent certainty we can always ask why should I, making our obligation unconstitutive.====~1~ The holographic principle is the most reasonable conclusion ==== AND all physicists believe we have a good way of testing the idea experimentally. ~2~ Paradox of tolerance- to be completely open to the aff we must exclude perspectives that wouldn’t be open to the aff which means it’s impossible to have complete tolerance for an idea since that tolerance relies on excluding a perspective.~3~ Decision Making Paradox- in order to decide to do the affirmative we need a decision-making procedure to enact it, vote for it, and to determine it is a good decision. But to chose a decision-making procedure requires another meta level decision making procedure leading to infinite regress since every decision requires another decision to chose how to make a decision.~4~ The Place Paradox- if everything exists in a place in space time, that place must also have a place that it exists and that larger place needs a larger location to infinity. Therefore, identifying ought statements is impossible since those statements assume acting on objects in the space-time continuum.~5~ Grain Paradox- A single grain of millet makes no sound upon falling, but a thousand grains make a sound. But a thousand nothings cannot make something which means the physical world is paradoxical.~6~ Arrows Paradox- If we divide time into discrete 0-duration slices, no motion is happening in each of them, so taking them all as a whole, motion is impossible.7). Evaluate the debate after the 1NC key to reciprocity cuz we both get 1 speech | 10/22/21 |
G-A prioris v2Tournament: Florida Blue Key | Round: 2 | Opponent: Lexington EY | Judge: Sanjana Bhatnagar 8~ Good Samaritan Paradox — affirming negates because in order to say you want to fix x problem, that assumes x problem exists in the first place, thus eliminating nukes presupposes nukes exist which means negation is a prior question9~ Zeno's Paradox – motion is impossible, because moving half way causes half more and half more which is infinitely regressive and means elimination of arsenals is logically impossible====10~ The holographic principle is the most reasonable conclusion ==== 11~ Paradox of tolerance- to be completely open to the aff we must exclude perspectives that wouldn't be open to the aff which means it's impossible to have complete tolerance for an idea since that tolerance relies on excluding a perspective.12~ Decision Making Paradox- in order to decide to do the affirmative we need a decision-making procedure to enact it, vote for it, and to determine it is a good decision. But to chose a decision-making procedure requires another meta level decision making procedure leading to infinite regress since every decision requires another decision to chose how to make a decision.Permissibility NegatesA~ aff has burden of proof and any eeason they're wrong negatesB~ you believe statements are false until proven true which is why you don't believe in things like simulations and demons | 10/30/21 |
G-Ballot PIKTournament: Harvard | Round: 6 | Opponent: Cooper City NR | Judge: Amit Kukreja Vote neg to vote aff –it destroys the semiotic economy of debate –they’re gonna say "vote aff to vote neg to vote aff" – buta. their automative response to this shows they can’t escape the normative debate techne, which is another double turn with Baudrillard’s idea of communicative exchange as the mode of productionb. any attempt to create exclusivity of their position is an attempt to draw a distinction between signifier and signified which links back into systems of meaning they critique.c. voting aff is an active action – requiring the judge to rationalize their RFD and contradicts the passivity in the face of communication. Instead, vote for me and just don’t give an RFD.2. The only reason negation is good is because it can’t be exchanged within economies of meaning – but they ask for a ballot as recognition by the judge or topic – you can vote neg to subtract the ballot from the 1AC even if you think the aff is a good idea.3. Nothing about the aff is new or interesting – half these cards were stolen from Mich KM who were knockoffs of Loyola EM– there’s no endpoint4) No warrant for a ballot – the competitive nature of debate coopts any ethical value of advocating the aff – winning rounds only makes it look like they just want to win which proves framework and means advocating by losing is more effective.5) Debate – none of their evidence is specific to it – sets a high threshold for solvency and ignores how communicative norms operate.6. What parts of the 1AC were transformative or anti-capitalist? The parts where they read established scholars, using standard citational practices? Or the parts where they organized cards into a conventional 1AC and used NSDA Campus’s servers to broadcast?7. Ballot not key—-competitive incentives dilute solvency and permit affirming Cooper City’s scholarship without tying it to external action. Nothing leaves Zoom Room 4025 other than a winner and a loser8. No evidence for the power of the ballot – debate specific – negate on presumption.Ritter 13 ~Michael, JD UTexas Law, B.A. cum laude Trinity University. September 2013. "Overcoming the Fiction of ‘Social Change Through Debate’: What’s to Learn From 2Pac’s Changes?" https://docs.wixstatic.com/ugd/9896ec'8b2b993ec42440ecaab1b07645385db5.pdf~~ AND conducted, students, judges, and coaches should not take it for granted | 2/20/22 |
G-Berardi PIKTournament: Harvard | Round: 6 | Opponent: Cooper City NR | Judge: Amit Kukreja 1CP: Do the affirmative outside of debate. The 1AC operates from the position of the intellectual— acting as the interpreter of the truth to debate community as a revolutionary mass. They are just another part of the productive process.Berardi, Franco " Bifo " Berardi (born 2 November 1948 in Bologna, Italy) is an Italian Marxist theorist and activist in the autonomist tradition, whose work mainly focuses on the role of the media and information technology within post-industrial capitalism, Precarious Rhapsody, 2009, www.minorcompositions.info/wp-content/uploads/2009/06/PrecariousRhapsodyWeb.pdf /AHS PB AND subjectivity tied to the mass standardization of intellectual capacity in advanced industrial society. | 2/20/22 |
G-Deceived NCTournament: Florida Blue Key | Round: 2 | Opponent: Lexington EY | Judge: Sanjana Bhatnagar WI am ye, an Evil Demon from the Nether, and I have one goal: This ballot. I will wreak havoc and stop at nothing until l get this dub, then I will go back to Nether. I have taken over ye's Body, Fear me and my threat. No rules will constrain me as the application of rules, even when justified, are not inherent.Everest is now under my control, I have hypnotized them during prep time and they are now my Puppet.To demonstrate this, I will make them do a couple of things.In their 1ar, they will make arguments about why you should vote me down and why you should vote them up. But know this: through telepathy, I have learned that their true intention was to lose this round; They planned to forfeit in the 1ar. It appears I didn't need to hypnotize them in the first place. No amount of evidence can ever prove objective knowledge. Searle,You could have the best possible evidence about other people's behavior and still be mistaken about their mental states. You could have the best possible evidence about the past and still be mistaken about the future. You could have the best possible evidence about your own perceptual experiences and still be mistaken about the external world. This is so because you could be dreaming,having hallucinations, be a brain in a vat, or be deceieved systematically by an evil demon. Strange situations, yes, but it is impossible to disprove the potentiality for any of thesescenarios."I have programmed them to think that they are not hypnotized, that they want to win the round, and that they think what I am saying is very silly. But no matter our empirical observations, their intentions are indeterminate. | 10/30/21 |
G-Flat Earth CPTournament: Florida Blue Key | Round: 2 | Opponent: Lexington EY | Judge: Sanjana Bhatnagar 3CPCP Text: The WTO and NASA ought to declare that the world is flat.Earth is flat – tons of warrants.Anti-Vaccine Scientific Support Arsenal 16 ~Anti-Vaccine Scientific Support Arsenal, 2-8-2016, "Top Ten Undeniable Proofs the Earth is Flat," FLAT EARTH SCIENCE AND THE BIBLE, https://flatearthscienceandbible.com/2016/02/08/top-ten-undeniable-flat-earth-proofs/~~ JS Flat earth flips existing all conceptions of science and society at large – this means you go neg on presumption because their presumptions are presumptiveDirtyOldAussie 17 ~DirtyOldAussie, 4-1-2017, "What are the true implications of a Flat Earth vs Spherical Earth? How else would our thinking change if it really was flat? • r/AskReddit," reddit, *this post was marked serious so it's legit, https://www.reddit.com/r/AskReddit/comments/670rf6/what_are_the_true_implications_of_a_flat_earth_vs/~~ JS | 10/30/21 |
G-Malayalam PIKTournament: Harvard | Round: 6 | Opponent: Cooper City NR | Judge: Amit Kukreja | 2/20/22 |
G-MisdisclosureTournament: Mid America Cup | Round: 5 | Opponent: Harker PG | Judge: Faizaan Dosani Interpretation: Debaters must discloses all speechdocs on the NDCA LD 2021-2022 WikiViolation: Their valley R1 is misdisclosed and discloses a 1NC speechdoc and not their aff speechdoc. Screenshots in the doc.
Standards:1). Inclusion: Kills inclusion of novices who won't know what your reading and will not be able to engage in round. That o/w under education.2). Normsetting: Their model of debate encourages debaters to misdisclose rounds to gain an advantage which kills predictability because there are infinite affs you could be reading or inifinite advantages which I can't engage with. That o/w on fairness because without some form predicability we can't engage with the aff.C/A paradigm issues from CSA. | 10/16/21 |
G-Must read FWKTournament: Loyola Invitational | Round: 5 | Opponent: Harvard Westlake MT | Judge: Phoenix Pittman | 10/22/21 |
G-Spooky SkepTournament: Florida Blue Key | Round: 2 | Opponent: Lexington EY | Judge: Sanjana Bhatnagar Permissibility and presumption negate1~ Obligations- the resolution indicates the affirmative has to prove an obligation, and permissibility would deny the existence of an obligation2~ Falsity- Statements are more often false than true because proving one part of the statement false disproves the entire statement. Presuming all statements are true creates contradictions which would be ethically bankrupt.3~ Negating is harder – A~ Aff gets first and last speech which control the direction of the debate B~ Affirmatives can strategically uplayer in the 1ar giving them a 7-6 time skew advantage, splitting the 2nr C~ They get infinite prep time4~ Affirmation theory- Affirming requires unconditionally maintaining an obligationAffirm ~is to~: maintain as true. Spooky skepticism is true and it negates1~ You could be a test tube in a witch's laboratory or be hypnotized by a mad scientist – that negates since it would mean the status quo as outlined by the aff doesn't exist and truth implies certainty – the sentence "It is true that ghosts exist but I'm not sure they exist" is incoherent.2~ The ghost of the undecidable – every decision is haunted by the interpretation that follows it. Lawlor 19Lawlor, Leonard, "Jacques Derrida", The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (Fall 2019 Edition), Edward N. Zalta (ed.), URL = https://plato.stanford.edu/archives/fall2019/entries/derrida/. js 3~ Knowledge is as real as the monsters under your bed – either any inquiry is known or unknown. If known, then it doesn't have to be discovered, but if unknown then it's impossible to know that you have discovered it. Negate on presumption because the quest for knowledge or truth in the aff is fundamentally impossible | 10/30/21 |
G-T body PTXTournament: Damus | Round: 1 | Opponent: Harker DV | Judge: Dylan Liu T—Body PoliticsInterpretation—the affirmative must defend a right to strike by just governments that is tied to and dependent on body and voice of the speaker. Grounded activism acknowledges hat being able to speak in this space makes all speech political.Violation: they don'tVote negative:1~ Presumption—the affirmative does nothing. Voting affirmative in this debate will not produce the advantages discussed—vote negative on presumption.2~ Predictability—our interpretation means that the negative only has to defend what they, or the other team, does in the debate and not some random harm identified like hegemony, global warming, or whiteness. The USFG is inherently unpredictable, body politics are not.3~ Grounded Activism—plan focus requires that we invest our advocacy in bureaucratic institutions as opposed to individuals. This agency displacement produces bad citizens enslaved to states.4~ Marginalized voices DA—requiring a discussion of university policy instead of individual action marginalizes participants whose views are excluded from the policymaking process. The impact is psychological violence and inclusion o/w in order to engage in the space you have to be included in the first space.5~ Their model of debate is a form of disembodied performance that allows whiteness to maintain its hegemonic power. Campbell 97.*bracketed for gendered language* Education is a voter—debate affects our subjectivity through the research models that we propose and advocate for. If we win this claim, then a marginal loss of fairness is justified if it means depriving them of an unethical game. | 11/6/21 |
G-T frameworkTournament: Harvard | Round: 1 | Opponent: Tempe Prep CC | Judge: Dylan Jones 1Interpretation: Affs may only generate offense from an action that makes the appropriation of outer space by private entities unjustResolved means a policyWords and Phrases 64 Words and Phrases Permanent Edition. "Resolved". 1964. AND ," which is defined by Bouvier as meaning "to establish by law". Private entity majority nonstate==== AND in outer space have operated in space almostas comprehensively as national organizations. 102 Violation: They don’t defend a private entity or the appropriation of something and are not doing a policy action – don’t let them shift in the 1AR because cx proves they aren’t topicalVote neg:1~ Fairness – post facto topic adjustment and debates about scholarship breed reactionary generics and allow the aff to cement their infinite prep advantage. They can specialize in 1 area of literature for 4 years which gives them a huge edge over people switching topics every 2 months – this crushes clash because all neg prep is based on the rez as a stable stasis point and they create a structural disincentive to do research – we lose 90 of negative ground while the aff still gets the perm which makes being neg impossible.2~ SSD is good – it forces debaters to consider a controversial issue from multiple perspectives. Non-T affs allow individuals to establish their own metrics for what they want to debate leading to ideological dogmatism. Even if they prove the topic is bad, our argument is that the process of preparing and defending proposals is an educational benefit of engaging it.3~ TVA solves – you can read an aff about how the colonization of space represents reproductive futurism since it is backed by motives to keep on keeping people aliveDisads to the TVA prove there’s negative ground and that it’s a contestable stasis point, and if their critique is incompatible with the topic reading it on the neg solves and is better because it promotes switch-side debateD~ Fairness is an impact – ~1~ it’s an intrinsic good – some level of competitive equity is necessary to sustain the activity – if it didn’t exist, then there wouldn’t be value to the game since judges could literally vote whatever way they wanted regardless of the competing arguments made ~2~ probability – your ballot can’t solve their impacts but it can solve mine – debate can’t alter subjectivity, but can rectify skews ~3~ internal link turns every impact – a limited topic promotes in-depth research and engagement which is necessary to access all of their offenseReject the team—T is question of models of debate and the damage to our strategy was already doneCompeting interps—they have to proactively to justify their model and reasonability links to our offenseNo rvis or impact turns—it’s their burden to prove their topical. Beating back T doesn’t prove their advocacy is good | 2/18/22 |
G-TTTournament: Loyola Invitational | Round: 5 | Opponent: Harvard Westlake MT | Judge: Phoenix Pittman 2The role of the ballot is to determine whether the resolution is a true or false statement – anything else moots 7 minutes of the nc – their framing collapses since you must say it is true that a world is better than another before you adopt it.They justify substantive skews since there will always be a more correct side of the issue but we compensate for flaws in the lit. | 10/22/21 |
G-TT v2Tournament: Florida Blue Key | Round: 2 | Opponent: Lexington EY | Judge: Sanjana Bhatnagar 1Truth TestingThe role of the ballot is to determine whether the resolution is a true or false statement –anything else moots 7 minutes of the nc – their framing collapses since you must say it is true that a world is better than another before you adopt it.They justify substantive skews since there will always be a more correct side of the issue but we compensate for flaws in the lit.Scalar methods like comparison increases intervention – the persuasion of certain DA or advantages sway decisions – T/F binary is descriptive and technical.Negate because either the aff is true meaning its bad for us to clash w/ it because it turns us into Fake News people OR it's not and it's a lie that you can't vote on for ethicsno 1ar arguments bc they require intervention to evaluate them against the ncThe ballot says vote aff or neg based on a topic – five dictionaries define to negate as to deny the truth of and affirm as to prove true so it's constitutive and jurisdictional. I denied the truth of the resolution by disagreeing with the aff which means I've met my burden. | 10/30/21 |
G-Theory HegTournament: Mid America Cup | Round: 5 | Opponent: Harker PG | Judge: Faizaan Dosani 51). NC theory first - 1~ They started the chain of abuse and forced me down this strategy 2~ We have more speeches to norm over it2). No 1AR theorya). Kills neg strategy because they can blow up a 30 second shell for 3 minutes in the 2AR which we don't have a 3NR to respondb). Spikes solve read your shells in the 1AC3). DTA on 1AR shells - They can blow up blippy 20 second shells in the 2AR but I have to split my time and can't preempt 2AR spin which necessitates judge intervention | 10/16/21 |
G-Theory Heg v2Tournament: Florida Blue Key | Round: 2 | Opponent: Lexington EY | Judge: Sanjana Bhatnagar Reject 1ar Theory and independent voting issues as reasons to reject the team,the 1ar by Everest cannot have overview responses because it allows them to avoid line by line engagement, must concede truth testing so we learn the value of debating truth and falsity and come to an objective conclusiona. 7 - 6 time skew means they have a structural advantageb. No 3nr, so 2ar gets to weigh however they wantc. Judges are more likely to by 2a arguments as they are thelast speechd. Too many theory flows make it impossible to test the affe. You get a 2-1 speech advantagef. We only get 2 speeches of new arguments to deliberate over your shell which isn't enough timeg. there's no such thing as infinite abuse as NC only has 7 minutesh. 1ar theory is used as a strategic advantageEven if you don't buy reject it-it's a reason why its' drop the arg and reasonability | 10/30/21 |
G-Tournament Names NoteTournament: General | Round: Finals | Opponent: None | Judge: None | 10/30/21 |
JF- Kant NCTournament: Harvard | Round: 4 | Opponent: Bronx Science NK | Judge: Michael Kurian Ethics must begin a priori and the meta-ethic is bindingness.~1~ Uncertainty – our experiences are inaccessible to others which allows people to say they don’t experience the same, however a priori principles are universally applied to all agents.~2~ Bindingness – I can keep asking "why should I follow this" which results in skep since obligations are predicated on ignorantly accepting rules. Only reason solves since asking "why reason?" requires reason which is self-justified.That means we must universally will maxims— any non-universalizable norm justifies someone’s ability to impede on your ends.Thus, the standard is consistency with the categorical imperative.Prefer –~1~ All other frameworks collapse—non-Kantian theories source obligations in extrinsically good objects, but that presupposes the goodness of the rational will.~2~ Theory – Frameworks are topicality interps of the word ought so they should be theoretically justified. Prefer on resource disparities—a focus on evidence and statistics privileges debaters with the most preround prep which excludes lone-wolfs who lack huge evidence files. A debate under my framework can easily be won without any prep since huge evidence files aren’t required. New 2NR responses to everything, the 1ar can otherwise blip storm through everything and its key to valuable discussion. Doesn’t apply to the 2ar since it becomes irresolvable as it’s the last speech in the round.~3~ No 1AR Framework: It moots 7 minutes of the 1NC and exacerbates the AFF infinite prep time so I should be able to compensate by choosing. They justify substantive skews by shifting frame of offense.Negate:~1~ A model of freedom mandates a market-oriented approach to space—that negatesBroker 20 ~(Tyler, work has been published in the Gonzaga Law Review, the Albany Law Review and the University of Memphis Law Review.) "Space Law Can Only Be Libertarian Minded," Above the Law, 1-14-20, https://abovethelaw.com/2020/01/space-law-can-only-be-libertarian-minded/~~ TDI AND fidelity to a set of laws made possible, in such an existence. ~2~ Banning private space appropriation inhibits the sale and use of spacecraft and fuel- that’s a form of restricting the free economic choices of individualsRichman 12, Sheldon. "The free market doesn’t need government regulation." Reason, August 5, 2012. AHS RG AND really, it is just men and women acting rationally in the world. | 2/19/22 |
JF- T apropriation specTournament: Harvard | Round: 4 | Opponent: Bronx Science NK | Judge: Michael Kurian 1~ Interpretation – the Affirmative must specify what type of Private Actor Appropriation they effect.Appropriation is extremely vague – no legal precedent which means no normal means.Pershing 19, Abigail D. "Interpreting the Outer Space Treaty's Non-Appropriation Principle: Customary International Law from 1967 to Today." Yale J. Int'l L. 44 (2019): 149. (Robina Fellow at European Court of Human Rights. European Court of Human Rights Yale Law School)Elmer AND (or at least tolerated) and what has been prohibited or rejected. 2~ Violation: they don’t3~ Standardsa~ Shiftiness – vague plan wording wrecks Neg Ground since it’s impossible to know which DAs link or which CPs are competitive since different types of appropriation like Space Mining, Space Col, and Satellites – absent 1AC specification, the 1AR can squirrel out of links by saying they don’t effect a certain type of appropriation or they don’t reduce private appropriation enough to trigger the link.Independently vote Negative on Presumption since the Aff gets struck down for being void-for-vagueness since they don’t have an explanation of what is effected or remaining after the Plan.Singer 10 Bill Singer 9-13-2010 "Yo, Congress, Keep On Truckin' — Can You Dig It?" http://www.brokeandbroker.com/index.php?a=blogandid=554 (Bill Singer is a lawyer who represents securities-industry firms, individual registered persons, Wall Street whistleblowers, and defrauded public investors. For over three decades, Singer has represented clients before the American Stock Exchange, the New York Stock Exchange, the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority (formerly the NASD), the United States Securities and Exchange Commission, and in criminal investigations brought by various federal, state, and local prosecutors. Before entering the private practice of law, Singer was employed in the Legal Department of Smith Barney, Harris Upham and Co.; as a regulatory attorney with both the American Stock Exchange and the NASD (now FINRA); and as a Legal Counsel to Integrated Resources Asset Management. Singer was formerly Chief Counsel to the Financial Industry Association; General Counsel to the NASD Dissidents' Grassroots Movement; and General Counsel to the Independent Broker-Dealer Association. He was registered for a number of years as a Series 7 and Series 63 stockbroker.)Elmer AND fear that much of FINREG may be headed for the same garbage can. Fairness is a voter since it’s debate is a game so it’s a jurisdictional question and sequencing to evaluating any other argument in the debate.Appropriation Spec isn’t regressive – it’s a core discussion central to the literature, we’ve read a card proving predictability, and is a floor for topic debates.~DTD~ – Reduction is DTD since a~ can’t drop an absence of something and b~ it’s a necessary floor for debate-ability since the damage is irreparable c~ skewed the entire 1nc not rectifiable~Competing Interps~ – Reasonability is arbitrary and causes a race to the bottom of questionable argumentation.~No RVI’s~ – 1~ Forces the 1NC to go all-in on Theory which kills substance education, 2~ Encourages Baiting since the 1AC will purposely be abusive, and 3~ Illogical – you shouldn’t win for not being abusive.~Comes above 1AR Theory~ – 1NC Theory outweighs on scope cause 1AC abuse effects every speech – we had to be abusive since the 1AC was abusive first. | 2/19/22 |
JF-ADR CPTournament: Harvard | Round: 7 | Opponent: Catonsville AT | Judge: Viren Abhyankar Text – States should; implement cooperative active debris removal measures aimed at mitigating debris from mega-constellations.ADR solves DebrisESA 17 ( April 14, 2017 "Active Debris Removal" https://www.esa.int/Our'Activities/Space'Safety/Space'Debris/Active'debris'removal) AND special emphasis on firm agreements with the owners of the object is required. Works for Mega-constellation Impacts.Hardy 20, Brian Patrick. Long-term effects of satellite megaconstellations on the debris environment in low earth orbit. Diss. 2020. (Master of Science in Aerospace Engineering in the Graduate College of the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign)Elmer AND be a viable mitigation strategy for megaconstellations with sub-optimal PMD rates. | 2/20/22 |
JF-Japan DATournament: Palm Classic | Round: 3 | Opponent: harker mk | Judge: felicity park 4Japan’s space industry is driven by private actors.Jaxa 18 2-8-2018 "Focal Point on commercial space exploration in Japan" https://media.nature.com/full/nature-cms/uploads/ckeditor/attachments/8865/00'Editorial'UK.pdf (Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency is the Japanese national aerospace and space agency. Through the merger of three previously independent organizations, JAXA was formed on 1 October 2003.)Elmer AND as well as the many emerging possibilities for enterprises to profit from space. Japan space commitment re-vitalizes and modernizes the US-Japan Alliance.Wright 20 John Wright 2-4-2020 "Where No Alliance Has Gone Before: US-Japan Military Cooperation in Space" https://thediplomat.com/2020/02/where-no-alliance-has-gone-before-us-japan-military-cooperation-in-space/ (Major John Wright is a U.S. Air Force officer, pilot, and a Mike and Maureen Mansfield Fellow. He is a Foreign Area Officer who specializes in Japan, and recent author of the book "Deep Space Warfare: Military Strategy Beyond Orbit." The views expressed in this article are solely those of the author, and not necessarily those of the U.S. Air Force, U.S. Government, Mansfield Foundation, or any other government or government entity.)Elmer AND U.S.-Japan alliance extending its prerogatives beyond Earth’s territorial confines. Strong US-Japan alliance prevents a range of existential threats.Hamre 16 John Hamre, President and CEO of the Center for Strategic and International Studies, Former Under Secretary of Defense, and Richard Armitage, President of Armitage International, Former U.S. Deputy Secretary of State, co-chairs of the U.S.-Japan Commission on the Future of the Alliance, et al., "The U.S.-Japan Alliance to 2030: Power and Principle", Report of the Commission on the Future of the Alliance, 2/29/2016, p. 1-5 AND efforts at bilateral, regional, and global cooperation to reduce carbon emissions. | 2/18/22 |
JF-Kamooalewa PICTournament: Harvard | Round: 1 | Opponent: Tempe Prep CC | Judge: Dylan Jones CP Text: Space faring nations should establish a multilateral agreement that restricts asteroid mining done by private entities except for on asteroid Kamo’oalewa.Kamo’oalewa is NEO asteroid comprised of lunar materialDevlin 21 ~Hannah Devlin is the Guardian's science correspondent, having previously been science editor of the Times. "Near-Earth asteroid is a fragment from the moon, say scientists." November 11, 2021. https://www.theguardian.com/science/2021/nov/11/near-earth-asteroid-is-a-fragment-from-the-moon-say-scientists~~ AND said. "It’s easier to explain with the moon than other ideas." Space based solar power is being developed and transitions to 100 clean energy, but lunar regolith is keyO’Neill 13 ~Ian O'Neill is a media relations specialist at NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) in Southern California. Prior to joining JPL, he served as editor for the Astronomical Society of the Pacific‘s Mercury magazine and Mercury Online and contributed articles to a number of other publications, including Space.com, Space.com, Live Science, HISTORY.com, Scientific American. Ian holds a Ph.D in solar physics and a master's degree in planetary and space physics. "How to Turn the Moon Into a Giant Space Solar Power Hub." December 3, 2013. https://www.space.com/23810-moon-luna-belt-solar-power-idea.html~~ AND off nuclear energy — it doesn't get more "alternative" than this. Warming causes extinction and guarantees every other impactSpratt and Dunplop 19, David Spratt ~Research Director for Breakthrough National Centre for Climate Restoration, Melbourne, and co-author of Climate Code Red: The case for emergency action~ and Ian Dunlop ~member of the Club of Rome. Formerly an international oil, gas and coal industry executive, chairman of the Australian Coal Association, chief executive of the Australian Institute of Company Directors, and chair of the Australian Greenhouse Office Experts Group on Emissions Trading 1998-2000~, "Existential climate-related security risk: A scenario approach," Breakthrough - National Centre for Climate Restoration, May 2019, pg. 8-10, beckert. Brackets in original text AND elements, including Arctic sea-ice, West Antarctica and coral reefs. | 2/18/22 |
JF-Mining CPTournament: Palm Classic | Round: 3 | Opponent: harker mk | Judge: felicity park CP Text: Private apropriation through asteroid mining is unjustThis solves all aff impacts because the aff is specific to mining being bad. | 2/18/22 |
JF-Space Elevators PICTournament: Palm Classic | Round: 1 | Opponent: Marlborough JH | Judge: Forrest Fulgenzi Text – Private Appropriation of Outer Space except for Space Elevators is Unjust.Space Elevators constitute Appropriation – they impede orbits.Matignon 19 Louis de Gouyon Matignon 3-3-2019 "LEGAL ASPECTS OF THE SPACE ELEVATOR TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM" https://www.spacelegalissues.com/space-law-legal-aspects-of-the-space-elevator-transportation-system/ ~PhD in space law (co-supervised by both Philippe Delebecque, from Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne, France, and Christopher D. Johnson, from Georgetown University || regularly write articles on the website Space Legal Issues so as to popularise space law and public international law~Elmer AND could also descend the tether to return cargo to the surface from orbit. Private Companies are pursuing Space Elevators.Alfano 15 Andrea Alfano 8-18-2015 "All Of These Companies Are Working On A Space Elevator" https://www.techtimes.com/articles/77612/20150818/companies-working-space-elevator.htm (Writer at the Tech Times)Elmer AND LiftPort's plans, but stuck to the Earth instead of to the moon. They’re feasible.Smith 17 Vincent Smith 6-21-2017 "3 Challenges for Engineering A Space Elevator" https://www.engineering.com/story/3-challenges-for-engineering-a-space-elevator (Engineer)Elmer AND , second, and third lines of defense prepared for just such occasions. Regardless of completion, Elevators spur investment in NanotechnologyLiam O’Brien 16. University of Wollongong. 07/2016. "Nanotechnology in Space." Young Scientists Journal; Canterbury, no. 19, p. 22. AND enormous amount can be done. There is still plenty more to achieve. Nanomaterials solve Warming and Water Scarcity.Khullar 17 Bhavya Khullar 9-4-2017 "Nanomaterials Could Combat Climate Change and Reduce Pollution" https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/nanomaterials-could-combat-climate-change-and-reduce-pollution/ (Former Programme Officer with the Food Safety and Toxins Unit, Centre for Science and Environment (CSE))Elmer AND this may become possible with more research and industry partnerships," Chattopadhyay says. Warming causes ExtinctionKareiva 18, Peter, and Valerie Carranza. "Existential risk due to ecosystem collapse: Nature strikes back." Futures 102 (2018): 39-50. (Ph.D. in ecology and applied mathematics from Cornell University, director of the Institute of the Environment and Sustainability at UCLA, Pritzker Distinguished Professor in Environment and Sustainability at UCLA)Re-cut by Elmer AND complete scientific understanding when it comes to positive feedback loops and climate change. Space Elevators solve Space Debris – reduces Rocket LaunchesForgan 19, Duncan H. Solving Fermi's Paradox. Vol. 10. Cambridge University Press, 2019. (Associate Lecturer at the Centre for Exoplanet Science at the University of St Andrews, Scotland, founding member of the UK Search for Extra-terrestrial Intelligence (SETI) research network and leads UK research efforts into the search)Elmer AND use, with likely civilisation-ending effects (Solution C.13). CaseLong timeframe and squo solvesKurt 15 ~Joseph Kurt, JD- William and Mary School of Law, BA-Marquette University, NOTE: TRIUMPH OF THE SPACE COMMONS: ADDRESSING THE IMPENDING SPACE DEBRIS CRISIS WITHOUT AN INTERNATIONAL TREATY, 40 Wm. and Mary Envtl. L. and Pol'y Rev. 305 (2015)~ AND example, the Japanese hope to deploy, by 2019, a magnetic net No Escalation over Satellites:1~ Planning PrioritiesBowen 18 Bleddyn Bowen 2-20-2018 "The Art of Space Deterrence" https://www.europeanleadershipnetwork.org/commentary/the-art-of-space-deterrence/ (Lecturer in International Relations at the University of Leicester)Elmer AND of losing specific satellites out of all proportion to their actual strategic effect. 2~ Military PrecedentZarybnisky 18, Eric J. Celestial Deterrence: Deterring Aggression in the Global Commons of Space. Naval War College Newport United States, 2018. (Senior Materiel Leader at United States Air Force)Elmer AND fundamentals of deterrence illuminates how it applies to prevention of aggression in space. | 2/12/22 |
JF-Space Heg DATournament: Palm Classic | Round: 3 | Opponent: harker mk | Judge: felicity park Commercial Space Race favors American Companies that cements space dominance – shift away endangers our lead – losing green-lights Chinese Dominance across the board.Autry and Kwast 19 Greg Autry and Steve Kwast 8-22-2019 "America Is Losing the Second Space Race to China" (Greg Autry, a clinical professor of space leadership, policy, and business at Arizona State University’s Thunderbird School of Global Management, and Steve Kwast)Elmer AND conflict while securing a better economic future for the nation and the world. Hegemony solves Extinction.Ikenberry 20 John Ikenberry 6-9-2020 "The Next Liberal Order: The Age of Contagion Demands More Internationalism, Not Less" https://www.foreignaffairs.com/articles/united-states/2020-06-09/next-liberal-order (Albert G. Milbank Professor of Politics and International Affairs at Princeton University and Global Eminence Scholar at Kyung Hee University, in South Korea)Elmer AND bad news is that it is far from certain that it will not. Specifically, solves Nuclear War – shift causes Transition Wars.Khalizad 16 Zalmay Khalizad 3-23-2016 "4 Lessons about America's Role in the World" http://nationalinterest.org/feature/4-lessons-about-americas-role-the-world-15574?page=show (former U.S. ambassador to the United Nations, counselor at the CSIS)Elmer AND power in key regions while seeking opportunities to reconcile differences among major actors. | 2/18/22 |
JF-Space deterrence DATournament: Harvard | Round: 1 | Opponent: Tempe Prep CC | Judge: Dylan Jones Space Commercialization is key to Space Deterrence – Commercial Flexibility is key to deterrence by denial.Klein 19, John J. Understanding space strategy: the art of war in space. Routledge, 2019. (a Senior Fellow and Strategist at Falcon Research, Inc. and Adjunct Professor at George Washington University’s Space Policy Institute)Elmer AND information used to identify those responsible and to facilitate any consequent targeting efforts. Space Deterrence Breakdowns causes War and Extinction.Parker 17 Clifton Parker 1-24-2017 "Deterrence in space key to U.S. security" https://cisac.fsi.stanford.edu/news/deterrence-space-key-us-security (Policy Analyst at the Stanford Center for International Security and Cooperation)Elmer AND to make sure he’s not looking up at junk orbiting in the atmosphere. 3 | 2/18/22 |
JF-Starlink DATournament: Harvard | Round: 7 | Opponent: Catonsville AT | Judge: Viren Abhyankar Starlink is key to Precision Ag – key to food sustainability and increasing food supply to account for exponential population growth.Greensight 21 3-15-2021 "Can Starlink Save the World by Connecting Farms?" https://www.greensightag.com/logbook/can-starlink-save-the-world-by-connecting-farms/ (Data Management Consulting Firm)Elmer AND advancing access to precision agriculture globally and contributing to solving global food challenges. Food Insecurity goes nuclear – escalates multiple hotspots.Cribb 19 Julian Cribb 8-23-2019 "Food or War" https://www.cambridge.org/core/books/abs/food-or-war/hotspots-for-food-conflict-in-the-twentyfirst-century/1CD674412E09B8E6F325C9C0A0A6778A (principal of Julian Cribb and Associates who provide specialist consultancy in the communication of science, agriculture, food, mining, energy and the environment. , His published work includes over 8000 articles, 3000 media releases and eight books. He has received 32 awards for journalism.)Elmer AND only affects the Africans. The consequences will impact everyone on the planet. | 2/20/22 |
JF-T apropriationTournament: Harvard | Round: 7 | Opponent: Catonsville AT | Judge: Viren Abhyankar Interpretation: Appropriation means use, exploitation, or occupation that is permanent and to the exclusion of othersBabcock 19 Professor of Law, Georgetown University Law Cente. Babcock, Hope M. "The Public Trust Doctrine, Outer Space, and the Global Commons: Time to Call Home ET." Syracuse L. Rev. 69 (2019): 191. AND term use and permanent occupation, to the exclusion of all others."151 Violation: Constellations do not appropriate – reject non-legal interpretationsJohnson 20 ~Chris Johnson is the Space Law Advisor for Secure World Foundation and has nine years of professional experience in international space law and policy. He has authored and co-authored publications on international space law, national space legislation, international cooperation in space, human-robotic cooperative space exploration, and on the societal benefits of space technology for Africa. "The Legal Status of MegaLEO Constellations and Concerns About Appropriation of Large Swaths of Earth Orbit." https://swfound.org/media/206951/johnson2020'referenceworkentry'thelegalstatusofmegaleoconstel.pdf~~ AND ? No such intention can be found in the operators of global constellations. 1~ Precision –The resolution is the only predictable stasis point for dividing ground—any deviation justifies the aff arbitrarily jettisoning words in the resolution at their whim which decks negative ground and preparation because the aff is no longer bounded by the resolution.2~ Predictable limits—including satellite slots offers huge explosion in the topic since they get permutations of different satellite systems – LEO MEO and HEO, plus different companies, plus sizes of constellations, et cetera. Letting temporary occupation be appropriation is a limits diaster - any aff about a single space ship, satellite, or weapon would be T because they temporarily occupy spaceT is drop the debatera). deterrence- deters future abuseb). dta makes no sense you can’t drop their whole affcompeting interpsa). reasonability is arbitrary and you can’t be reasonably topicalNo rvisa). chills-from checking actual abuseb). logic- you shouldn’t win for being fair | 2/20/22 |
JF-T-UnjustTournament: Palm Classic | Round: 1 | Opponent: Marlborough JH | Judge: Forrest Fulgenzi Interpretation: debaters must only defend that the appropriation of outer space by private entities is unjust. To clarify, they must only defend private entities.Private entities are non-governmental.Dunk 11 – Frans G. von der Dunk, 2011, ~"The Origins of Authorisation: Article VI of the Outer Space Treaty and International Space Law," University of Nebraska~ Justin AND . Partly, this was the consequence of key principles being left undefined. That excludes governments and nations.Upcounsel ~UpCounsel is an interactive online service that makes it faster and easier for businesses to find and hire legal help solely based on their preferences. "Private Entity: Everything You Need to Know." https://www.upcounsel.com/private-entity~~ Justin Violation—they advocate for "the commons" in which no individual, including governments, own property in outer space.This bans appropriation by countries, which aren’t private entities.Babcock 19 ~H., 2019. THE PUBLIC TRUST DOCTRINE, OUTER SPACE, AND THE GLOBAL COMMONS: TIME TO CALL HOME ET. ~online~ Lawreview.syr.edu. Available at: https://lawreview.syr.edu/wp-content/uploads/2019/09/H-Babcock-Article-Final-Document-v2.pdf~~#page=67 ~Accessed 15 December 2021~ Professor Babcock served as general counsel to the National Audubon Society from 1987-91 and as deputy general counsel and Director of Audubon’s Public Lands and Water Program from 1981-87. Previously, she was a partner with Blum, Nash and Railsback, where she focused on energy and environmental issues, and an associate at LeBoeuf, Lamb, Leiby and MacRae where she represented utilities in the nuclear licensing process. From 1977-79, she served as a Deputy Assistant Secretary of Energy and Minerals in the U.S. Department of the Interior. Professor Babcock has taught environmental and natural resources law as a visiting professor at Pace University Law School and as an adjunct at the University of Pennsylvania, Yale, Catholic University, and Antioch law schools. Professor Babcock was a member of the Standing Committee on Environmental Law of the American Bar Association, and served on the Clinton-Gore Transition Team~ Justin AND like outer space, which is the "province of all mankind."363 Don’t let them shift out of the violation – inserted lines below.1AC Vollmer- Therefore, anyone utilizing or benefitting from the utilization of the geospace commons has an equitable duty to ensure its sustainability AND companies, what emerges here is the powerful homology between state and private ownership We’ll pre-empt plan text in a vacuum – 1~ Anything else lets the 1ar recontextualize their advocacy in infinite different ways not grounded by their 1ac to moot neg offense 2~ 1AC offense is based off of the implementation and effects of the advantage which even if they win it, vote neg on presumption cuz they can’t solve anythingStandards1~ Precision—they justify doing away with random words because the aff is no longer bounded by the resolution which decks predictability. Independent voter for jurisdiction—the judge can’t vote aff if there wasn’t a legitimate aff.2~ Limits—tangentially related affs are unpredictable and infinite because there’s no stasis to the resolution—exacerbated by 195 governments and permutations.Two impacts:A~ Kills neg prep and ground because they can spike out of links by defending governments and create infinite prep burdens of unpredictable affs—exacerbated by infinite preround prep.B~ They inflate aff solvency by allowing a laundry list of external actions that private entities can’t do like government mission, NASA operations, testing ASATs, and more because private entities are qualitatively different. That impossible to negate because generics are beaten by overpowered affs.CI – IntervnetionNo rvis – illogical, baiting | 2/12/22 |
JF-Taxation CPTournament: Harvard | Round: 7 | Opponent: Catonsville AT | Judge: Viren Abhyankar States ought to tax private LEO satellite launches according to econometric analysis of negative externalities generated by their displacement of other corporations. The proceeds from this tax should be used to fund debris mitigation programs.Tax solves – internalizes externalities.Adilov 13 ~Nodir Adilov, Peter J. Alexander, and Brendan Michael Cunningham, * Purdue University Fort Wayne, Federal Communications Commission, * U.S. Naval Academy; Eastern Connecticut State University, "Earth Orbit Debris: An Economic Model," 05/14/13, https://ssrn.com/abstract=2264915, EA~ AND research might formally investigate the effectiveness of various policy remedies to space pollution. | 2/20/22 |
ND Cap KTournament: Glenbrooks Speech and Debate Tournament | Round: 4 | Opponent: Garland DA | Judge: Clement Agho-Otogille Capitalism is unsustainable and plunging the world into a global civil war – ramping up tensions with Russia and China to distract from crises accelerates the tendency to over-accumulate, causing extinction through nuclear war, climate change, super-viruses, the rise of fascism, and rampant inequality.Robinson, 21 The affirmation of the right to strike as something to be recognized places the energy that drives class struggle into containment, rendering the right conditional.Marc Crépon and Micol Bez 19; Marc Crépon is a French philosopher and academic who writes on the subject of languages and communities in the French and German philosophies and contemporary political and moral philosophy. Micol Bez @ CPES (Cycle Pluridisciplinaire d'Études Supérieures) at the University of Paris Sciences and Letters. The Right to Strike and Legal War in Walter Benjamin's "Toward the Critique of Violence". Critical Times 1 August 2019; 2 (2): 252–260. https://read.dukeupress.edu/critical-times/article/2/2/252/141479/The-Right-to-Strike-and-Legal-War-in-Walter brett Unions are just capitalism-liteInternationalist Perspective IP '16, is a left-communist publication defending Marxism as a living theory and critiquing left-communist theory, "Trade unions: pillars of capitalism - Internationalist Perspective", LibCom, 1/5/16, https://libcom.org/library/trade-unions-pillars-capitalism-internationalist-perspective** The alternative is to reject the aff in favor of a material analysis based on the scientific formulation of Maoist principlesWilliams 18 ~Carine, 7/30/18, "Why Black People Need Maoism in 2018", The Hampton Institute, http://www.hamptoninstitution.org/why-black-people-need-maoism.html~~#.XWwv7ZNKh0s~~ Planned Economies Solve Everything!Nieto and Mateo 20 ~Maxi Nieto is a PhD is sociology from the University of Elche and writer for Ciber Comunismo and Juan Pablo Mateo is a visiting scholar in the department of Economics at The New School, New York and economics professor at the University of Valladolid (Spain). January 2020, "Dynamic Efficiency in a Planned Economy: Innovation and Entrepreneurship Without Markets", Science and Society, https://www.researchgate.net/publication/338327276_Dynamic_Efficiency_in_a_Planned_Economy_Innovation_and_Entrepreneurship_Without_Markets gbs jacobs and majeed~ | 11/21/21 |
ND Consult ICJ CPTournament: Damus | Round: 1 | Opponent: Harker DV | Judge: Dylan Liu 31NC – CP~A just government ought to~ request the International Court of Justice issue an advisory opinion over whether they ought to ~establish an unconditional right to strike~. ~A just government~ ought to abide by the outcome of the advisory opinion.Solves – the ICJ will rule in favor of an unconditional right to strike.Seifert '18 (Achim; Professor of Law at the University of Jena, and adjunct professor at the University of Luxembourg; December 2018; "The protection of the right to strike in the ILO: some introductory remarks"; CIELO Laboral; http://www.cielolaboral.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/12/seifert_noticias_cielo_n11_2018.pdf; Accessed: 11-3-2021; AU) US compliance ensures faith in global democratic institutions – solves nuclear war.Hawksley '16 ~Humphrey; formerly the BBC's Beijing Bureau Chief and author of The Third World War: A Novel of Global Conflict and Asian Waters: American, China, and the Global Paradox; 11-19-2016; "Trump makes International Law Crucial for Peace"; Humphrey Hawksley; https://www.humphreyhawksley.com/trump-makes-international-law-crucial-for-peace/; Accessed 4-1-2020; AH~ | 11/6/21 |
ND Pyschoanalysis KTournament: Glenbrooks Speech and Debate Tournament | Round: 2 | Opponent: Harvard Westlake ML | Judge: Silma Bathily The subject emerges through alienation from the attempt to articulate one's desires through language, which always has a communicability gap that restricts expression. This creates a constant desire for the lost object and leads to a relation of suffocation that justifies infinite violence – deconstructing this constitutive lack explains and comes before anything else in the round. Thus, the ROB is to traverse the fantasy – that means exposing drives.McGowan 13 Todd McGowan, 2013, "Enjoying What We Don't Have: The Political Project of Psychoanalysis," University of Nebraska Press/Lincoln and London, SJBE The 1ac attempts to fill the lack with the right to strike, but they fail to resolve the fundamental commodity fetishism that motivates workers policies.Böhm and Batta 10 Steffen Böhm (University of Essex) and Aanka Batta (University of Essex), 2010, "Just doing it: enjoying commodity fetishism with Lacan," Organization, 17(3), 345–361, doi:10.1177/1350508410363123 The politics of recognition require the submission of one's own desire to a social authority without grounding for its demands that creates an endless struggle for acceptance that restricts true enjoyment.McGowan 13 Todd McGowan, 2013, "Enjoying What We Don't Have: The Political Project of Psychoanalysis," University of Nebraska Press/Lincoln and London, SJBE They destroy the possibility for politics, ethics, and the value of life, and their defense will prove my point— controls the internal link to all other impactsRuti '14 (mari, English, Toronto, Psychoanalysis, Culture and Society (2014) 19, 297–314) SJBE, recut from Harvard BoSu Vote negative to embrace the lack – this requires being open to the anxiety that occurs from an encounter with the real of the other and breaks down fantasy and drives.McGowan 2 Todd McGowan, 2013, "Enjoying What We Don't Have: The Political Project of Psychoanalysis," University of Nebraska Press/Lincoln and London, SJBE | 11/20/21 |
ND T ATournament: Damus | Round: 1 | Opponent: Harker DV | Judge: Dylan Liu 1Interpretation: The affirmative may not specify a just government in which they ought to recognize an unconditional right to strike if it's a new aff."A" is an indefinite article that modifies "just government" in the res – means that you have to prove the resolution true in a VACCUM, not in a particular instanceCCC ("Articles, Determiners, and Quantifiers", http://grammar.ccc.commnet.edu/grammar/determiners/determiners.htm~~#articles, Capital Community College Foundation, a nonprofit 501 c-3 organization that supports scholarships, faculty development, and curriculum innovation) LHSLA JC/SJ It applies to "A just government" – 1~ upward entailment test – "a just government ought to recognize an unconditional right to strike, doesn't entail that "a " because it doesn't mean compulsory voting in dictatorships,Violation: they spec the EUStandards:~1~ Precision and semantics outweigh – the counter-interp justifies them arbitrarily doing away with random words in the resolution which decks negative ground and preparation because the aff is no longer bounded by the resolution. Independent voter for jurisdiction – the judge doesn't have the jurisdiction to vote aff if there wasn't a legitimate aff.2). Limits infin affs make it unpredictable o/w on engagement~2~ TVA – just read your aff as an advantage under a whole adv, solves all your offense5~ Paradigm Issues –a~ Topicality is Drop the Debater – it's a fundamental baseline for debate-ability.b~ Use Competing Interps – 1~ Topicality is a yes/no question, you can't be reasonably topical and 2~ Reasonability invites arbitrary judge intervention and a race to the bottom of questionable argumentation.c~ No RVI's - 1~ Forces the 1NC to go all-in on Theory which kills substance education, 2~ Encourages Baiting since the 1AC will purposely be abusive, and 3~ Illogical – you shouldn't win for not being abusive. | 11/6/21 |
ND-Competitiveness DATournament: Florida Blue Key | Round: 4 | Opponent: Southlake Caroll SD | Judge: Tej Gedela Competitiveness DATeacher Strikes hurt educational achievement – best statistical studiesMatthews 12 Dylan Matthews 9-10-2012 "How teacher strikes hurt student achievement" https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/wonk/wp/2012/09/10/how-teacher-strikes-hurt-student-achievement/ (Journalist at Washington Post)SJDH Competitiveness key to solve greater power warsBaru 9 (Sanjaya Baru Professor at the Lee Kuan Yew School of Public Policy and Institute of South Asian Studies "Year of the power shift?," January 2009, http://www.india-seminar.com/2009/593/593_sanjaya_baru.htm) | 10/30/21 |
ND-Intermittent Patents PICTournament: Damus Hollywood Invitational | Round: 4 | Opponent: Immaculate Heart MF | Judge: Sam Larson | 11/7/21 |
ND-T-UnconditonalTournament: Florida Blue Key | Round: 4 | Opponent: Southlake Caroll SD | Judge: Tej Gedela 1T-Unconditional1~ Interpretation: The affirmative must defend an unconditional right to strike. This means that the Affirmative must defend that anyone regardless of job or occupation has a fundamental right to strike.Merriam Webster ND, https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/unconditional sid 2~ Violation – They only grant the Right to Strike to Teachers. That by definition is a condition since they condition the right to strike on a particular occupation.3~ Standards –a~ Limits – there are endless conditions the aff can place on the right to strike – i.e based on occupation, national holidays, location of strike, etc. That makes the topic untenable since the Aff can just infinitely specify any condition or permutation of conditions which makes predictable preparation and in-depth clash impossible.b~ Neg Ground – all of our ground is predicated on the debate between unconditional and conditional – shifting the debate to particular conditions eviscerates core Negative Arguments like Economic Perception or Investment Signaling which only happen as a result of a blanket right to strike.4~ TVA – establish a right to strike and read Teacher Unions as an Advantage.5~ Paradigm Issues –a~ Topicality is Drop the Debater – it's a fundamental baseline for debate-ability.b~ Use Competing Interps – 1~ Topicality is a yes/no question, you can't be reasonably topical and 2~ Reasonability invites arbitrary judge intervention and a race to the bottom of questionable argumentation.c~ No RVI's - 1~ Forces the 1NC to go all-in on Theory which kills substance education, 2~ Encourages Baiting since the 1AC will purposely be abusive, and 3~ Illogical – you shouldn't win for not being abusive. | 10/30/21 |
SO Biotech Innovation DATournament: Nano Nagle Classic | Round: 6 | Opponent: Southlake Carroll AS | Judge: Scott Brown 1Biotech industry strong now – new innovation and RandD comingCancherini et al. 4/30 ~Laura, Engagement Manager @ McKinsey and Company, Joseph Lydon, Associate Partner @ McKinsey and Company, Jorge Santos Da Silva, Senior Partner at McKinsey and Company, and Alexandra Zemp, Partner at McKinsey and Company~ "What's ahead for biotech: Another wave or low tide?", McKinsey and Company, 4-30-2021, https://www.mckinsey.com/industries/pharmaceuticals-and-medical-products/our-insights/whats-ahead-for-biotech-another-wave-or-low-tide ajs Secondary patents are necessary for innovation of otherwise mediocre drugs—core to cancer and HIV treatmentsHolman 2018 (Christopher, Professor of Law, University of Missouri-Kansas City School of Law. "Why Follow-On Pharmaceutical Innovations Should Be Eligible For Patent Protection" https://www.ip-watch.org/2018/09/21/follow-pharmaceutical-innovations-eligible-patent-protection/ September 21, 2018)DR 21 One and done model kills innovation—chilling effectMagiera 2021 (Melissa S., J.D. Candidate, 2021, Indiana UniversityRobert H. McKinney School of Law; B.S. 2017, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis – Indianapolis, Indiana. Recipient of the Papke Prize for Best Note in Volume 54, endowed by and named in honor of David R. Papke, former R. Bruce Townsend Professor of Law and faculty advisor to the Indiana Law Review "Leaving the Evergreening Problem to the Patent Experts—The USPTO, the PTAB, and the Federal Circuit" Indiana Law Review, 54(1), 195-220.)DR 21 Big pharma relies on evergreening as a major source of profit—empirics prove.Chandler 15
Biopharmaceutical innovation is key to prevent future pandemics and bioterror – turns caseMarjanovic and Feijao 20 ~(Sonja Marjanovic, Ph.D., Judge Business School, University of Cambridge. Carolina Feijao, Ph.D. in biochemistry, University of Cambridge; M.Sc. in quantitative biology, Imperial College London; B.Sc. in biology, University of Lisbon.) "How to Best Enable Pharma Innovation Beyond the COVID-19 Crisis," RAND Corporation, 05-2020, https://www.rand.org/pubs/perspectives/PEA407-1.html~~ TDI COVID incentivizes engineered bioterror- extinctionWalsh, 20 — Axios Future correspondent ~Bryan Walsh, "The coronavirus pandemic reawakens bioweapon fears," Axios, 5-14-2020, https://www.axios.com/coronavirus-pandemic-pathogen-bioweapon-45417c86-52aa-41b1-8a99-44a6e597d3a8.html, accessed 9-7-2020~ | 10/22/21 |
SO China Heg DATournament: Mid America Cup | Round: 4 | Opponent: Lexington AM | Judge: Aryan Jasani 31NC – China Rise DAChina’s using absence of Vaccine alternates to assert influence.Zhao 4-29 Suisheng Zhao 4-29-2021 "Why China’s vaccine diplomacy is winning" https://www.eastasiaforum.org/2021/04/29/why-chinas-vaccine-diplomacy-is-winning/ (Professor and Director of the Center for China–US Cooperation at the Josef Korbel School of International Studies, University of Denver)Elmer AND countries, receive the vaccines they need to finally beat COVID-19. Waivers are a critical issue in the perceptual ineptness of America and the West.Pratt and Levin 4-29 Simon Frankel Pratt and Jamie Levin 4-29-2021 "Vaccines Will Shape the New Geopolitical Order" https://archive.is/OgDcA~~#selection-847.23-857.11 (Simon Frankel Pratt is a lecturer in the School of Sociology, Politics, and International Studies at the University of Bristol. Jamie Levin is an assistant professor of political science at St. Francis Xavier University in Canada.)Elmer AND inequities within already inequitable trade relationships between these countries and the global south. Chinese leadership solves existential threats.Yamei 18 Shen Yamei 18, Deputy Director and Associate Research Fellow of Department for American Studies, China Institute of International Studies, 1-9-2018, "Probing into the "Chinese Solution" for the Transformation of Global Governance," CAIFC, http://www.caifc.org.cn/en/content.aspx?id=4491 AND , refugees, climate change and public hygiene by debt forgiveness and assistance. That solves the Case – China has the vaccine production capacity to vaccinate the world.Mallapaty 6-9 Smriti Mallapaty 6-9-2021 "China is vaccinating a staggering 20 million people a day" https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-021-01545-3 (She has a master of science degree in environmental technology from Imperial College London.)Elmer AND is crucial that everything arrives at the right location at the right time." | 9/26/21 |
SO Climate Patents DATournament: Mid America Cup | Round: 4 | Opponent: Lexington AM | Judge: Aryan Jasani 21NC - Climate Patents DAClimate Patents and Innovation high now and solving Warming but COVID waiver sets a dangerous precedent for appropriations - the mere threat is sufficient is enough to kill investment.Brand 5-26, Melissa. "Trips Ip Waiver Could Establish Dangerous Precedent for Climate Change and Other Biotech Sectors." IPWatchdog.com | Patents and Patent Law, 26 May 2021, www.ipwatchdog.com/2021/05/26/trips-ip-waiver-establish-dangerous-precedent-climate-change-biotech-sectors/id=133964/. sid AND is unlikely they will continue to invest at the current and required levels. Private sector innovation is key to solve climate change – short term politicking and priority shifts means government can’t solve alone.Henry 17, Simon. "Climate Change Cannot Be Solved by Governments Alone. How Can the Private Sector Help?" World Economic Forum, 21 Nov. 2017, www.weforum.org/agenda/2017/11/governments-alone-cannot-halt-climate-change-what-can-private-sector-do/. Programme Director, International Carbon Reduction and Offset Alliance (ICROA) sid AND to contribute to the solution to help secure the viability of their businesses. Warming causes ExtinctionKareiva 18, Peter, and Valerie Carranza. "Existential risk due to ecosystem collapse: Nature strikes back." Futures 102 (2018): 39-50. (Ph.D. in ecology and applied mathematics from Cornell University, director of the Institute of the Environment and Sustainability at UCLA, Pritzker Distinguished Professor in Environment and Sustainability at UCLA)Re-cut by Elmer AND complete scientific understanding when it comes to positive feedback loops and climate change. | 9/26/21 |
SO Climate Patents DATournament: Loyola Invitational | Round: 5 | Opponent: Harvard Westlake MT | Judge: Phoenix Pittman 4Climate Patents and Innovation high now and solving Warming but patent waivers set a dangerous precedent for appropriations - the mere threat is sufficient is enough to kill investment.Brand 5-26, Melissa. "Trips Ip Waiver Could Establish Dangerous Precedent for Climate Change and Other Biotech Sectors." IPWatchdog.com | Patents and Patent Law, 26 May 2021, www.ipwatchdog.com/2021/05/26/trips-ip-waiver-establish-dangerous-precedent-climate-change-biotech-sectors/id=133964/. sid AND is unlikely they will continue to invest at the current and required levels. Climate change destroys the world.Specktor 19 ~Brandon writes about the science of everyday life for Live Science, and previously for Reader's Digest magazine, where he served as an editor for five years~ 6-4-2019, "Human Civilization Will Crumble by 2050 If We Don't Stop Climate Change Now, New Paper Claims," livescience, https://www.livescience.com/65633-climate-change-dooms-humans-by-2050.html Justin AND and perhaps "the end of human global civilization as we know it." | 10/22/21 |
SO Distribution CPTournament: Mid America Cup | Round: 4 | Opponent: Lexington AM | Judge: Aryan Jasani 11NC – Distribution CPCP Text: – the United States ought toanonymously invest $25 billion into 25 production lines dedicated solely to COVID-19 vaccines to boost global vaccine production managed by the Biomedical Advanced Research and Development Authority.distribute 8 billion doses of COVID vaccines using an equitable distribution framework prioritizing developing countries in the Global South.The CP solves the entirety of the case and does it faster.Stankiewicz 21 Mike Stankiewicz 5-6-2021"Opinion: For just $25 billion, the U.S. could jump-start a project to quickly vaccinate the entire world against COVID" https://www.marketwatch.com/story/for-just-25-billion-the-u-s-could-jump-start-a-project-to-quickly-vaccinate-the-entire-world-against-covid-11614898552 (a press officer in Public Citizen's communication's department, where he focuses on legislative policy and health-orientated advocacy)Elmer AND , it is also not in our own economic interest to do so. | 9/26/21 |
SO Finance CPTournament: Loyola Invitational | Round: 4 | Opponent: Harvard Westlake JH | Judge: Gordon Krauss 3CP Text: Member nations of the World Trade Organization, World Bank Group, IMF, and World Health Organization ought to provide funding to nations such that they can purchase ~medicines~.The counterplan solves—-it gives nations money to purchase medicines even when royalties are excessive.Raphael Anspach 21. Spokesperson at the WTO. 2021. "Call to Action on COVID Vaccine Access for Developing Countries by Heads of World Bank Group and International Monetary Fund." https://www.imf.org/en/News/Articles/2021/06/03/pr21157-wb-and-imf-heads-call-to-action-covid-vaccine-access-developing-countries. AND vaccine manufacturers, are supporting countries in the development and financing of such plans | 10/22/21 |
SO Indeginous medicines CPTournament: Heart of Texas Invitational | Round: 2 | Opponent: Westwood PM | Judge: Dylan Liu 2 – CPWe affirm that the member nations of the World Trade Organization ought to:Modify Intellectual Property Protection of Indigenous Knowledge through implementation of a Sui Generis Intellectual Property Regime that reflects consistent consultation with local communities and traditional communities.Mandate widespread ratification, application, and the enforcement of the Swakokpmund Protocol ensuring that local communities and traditional communities are guaranteed continued use of Traditional Medical Knowledge in the traditional context without any legal implication and without licenses and subject to pre-determined sharing of benefits.Implement an opt-in opt-out system where Indigenous Groups are given the right to refuse to relinquish control of Intellectual Property to non-Indigenous Intellectual Property Holders over Traditional Knowledge.Mandate a disclosure of origin requirement as a pre-requisite of Intellectual Property Protection applications.The Swakokpmund Protocol is an Intellectual Property Regime that solves exploitation and protects Traditional Knowledge and People while still allowing usage of Intellectual Property in Medical Innovation – Sua Generis emphasis of collective rights solves IPCB issues with IPRs.Sinkala 17, Ruth M. "Protection of Traditional Medical Knowledge in the Patent System: Is There Room?." (2017). (Master Programme in Intellectual Property Law at University of Uppselett)SidK Disclosure of Origin ensures that original TMK owners are able to get compensation and are protected from exploitation.Sinkala 17, Ruth M. "Protection of Traditional Medical Knowledge in the Patent System: Is There Room?." (2017). (Master Programme in Intellectual Property Law at University of Uppselett)SidK | 10/16/21 |
SO Innovation DA v2Tournament: Heart of Texas Invitational | Round: 2 | Opponent: Westwood PM | Judge: Dylan Liu 1Strong current IP guarantees causes massive Pharma innovation.Stevens and Ezell 20 Philip Stevens and Stephen Ezell 2-3-2020 "Delinkage Debunked: Why Replacing Patents With Prizes for Drug Development Won't Work" https://itif.org/publications/2020/02/03/delinkage-debunked-why-replacing-patents-prizes-drug-development-wont-work (Philip founded Geneva Network in 2015. His main research interests are the intersection of intellectual property, trade, and health policy. Formerly he was an official at the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) in Geneva, where he worked in its Global Challenges Division on a range of IP and health issues. Prior to his time with WIPO, Philip worked as director of policy for International Policy Network, a UK-based think tank, as well as holding research positions with the Adam Smith Institute and Reform, both in London. He has also worked as a political risk consultant and a management consultant. He is a regular columnist in a wide range of international newspapers and has published a number of academic studies. He holds degrees from the London School of Economics and Durham University (UK).)Elmer The most efficacious mainstream drugs come from Indigenous Knowledge – empirics are on our side.King 91 Stephen King September 1991 "The Source of Our Cures: A new pharmaceutical company wants to provide reciprocal benefits and recognize the value of indigenous" https://www.culturalsurvival.org/publications/cultural-survival-quarterly/source-our-cures-new-pharmaceutical-company-wants-provide Elmer Our Link is overwhelming – here's the 1AC Evidence –1~ 1AC Bhattacharya 14Bhattacharya 14 ~Sayan Battacharya, Department of Environmental Studies at Rabindra Bharati University in Kolkata, India~, "Bioprospecting, biopiracy and food security in India: The emerging sides of neoliberalism", International Letters of Social and Humanistic Sciences, SciPress Ltd, pg. 49-54, 2014 SLC PK re-cut by Elmer 2~ 1AC Eisland 18Eiland 08 ~Dr. Eiland received a doctorate in Oriental Archaeology from Oxford University and an LLM from the Munich Intellectual Property Law Center~, "Patenting Traditional Medicine", Nomos Verlagsgesellschaft mbH and Co. KG, pg. 7-10, 2008 SLC PK Re-cut by Elmer ====Chinese Tribal Medicine proves Compatibility and our Innovation Links.==== ====RandD's key to innovation – otherwise, future pandemics.==== Evolving superbugs trigger extinction.Srivatsa '17 (Kadiyali; specialist in pediatric intensive and critical care medicine in the UK. Invented the bacterial identification tool 'MAYA'; 1-12-2017; "Superbug Pandemics and How to Prevent Them", American Interest; https://www.the-american-interest.com/2017/01/12/superbug-pandemics-and-how-to-prevent-them/, Accessed: 8-31-2021; AU) Disease perpetuates colonialism – it disproportionately hurts Indigenous people.Ostler 20 Jeffrey Ostler 4-29-2020 "Disease Has Never Been Just Disease for Native Americans" https://www.theatlantic.com/ideas/archive/2020/04/disease-has-never-been-just-disease-native-americans/610852/ (Beekman Professor of Northwest and Pacific History at the University of Oregon.)Elmer | 10/16/21 |
SO Penalties CPTournament: Nano Nagle Classic | Round: 6 | Opponent: Southlake Carroll AS | Judge: Scott Brown 2CP TEXT: The member nations of the World Trade Organization ought to reduce intellectual property protections for medicines by increasing penalties for patent abuse and evergreening fraud in the pharmaceutical industry.====Evergreening collapses innovation, BUT the downsides are empirically debunked media hype – shifting enforcement for existing patent law solves abuse without harming pharma==== CP solves the aff while fostering innovation – directly comparative to the affHolman 20 ~Christopher, Professor of Law, University of Missouri-Kansas City School of Law. "Congress Should Decline Ill-Advised Legislative Proposals Aimed at Evergreening of Pharmaceutical Patent Protection" p. 29-30 https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3593954~~ | 10/22/21 |
SO Pharma Innovation DATournament: Loyola Invitational | Round: 4 | Opponent: Harvard Westlake JH | Judge: Gordon Krauss 1Strong current IP guarantees causes massive Pharma innovation.Answers Evergreening/Me-Too Drugs AND there—has produced nowhere near a similar level of novel biomedical innovation. ====Reducing IP protections chills future investment – even the perception of wavering commitment scares off companies.==== AND (accounting for 36 percent of all university patent awards in 2012). 13 ====RandD’s key to innovation – otherwise, future pandemics.==== AND such public health threats to an even greater extent under improved innovation conditions. Evolving superbugs trigger extinction.Srivatsa ’17 (Kadiyali; specialist in pediatric intensive and critical care medicine in the UK. Invented the bacterial identification tool ‘MAYA’; 1-12-2017; "Superbug Pandemics and How to Prevent Them", American Interest; https://www.the-american-interest.com/2017/01/12/superbug-pandemics-and-how-to-prevent-them/, Accessed: 8-31-2021; AU) AND most of the medical advances we have made over the past fifty years. | 10/22/21 |
SO Pharma innovation DA v2Tournament: Mid America Cup | Round: 5 | Opponent: Harker PG | Judge: Faizaan Dosani Innovation DAStrong current IP guarantees causes massive Pharma innovation.Answers Evergreening/Me-Too Drugs Trade Secrets are key to incentivize competitive Innovation – specifically key to protect start-ups.Gutfleisch 18, Georg. "Employment issues under the European Trade Secrets Directive: Promising opportunity or burden for European companies." European Company Law Journal 15 (2018): 175-181. (working as an Associate with Brandl and Talos Rechtsanwälte GmbH in Vienna, Austria, and recently studied in the LL.M. (International and European Business Law) program at Trinity College Dublin, Ireland.)Elmer Pharma innovation solves Pandemics, ABR, and Bioterrorism – only Private Firms have the ability for preparedness and reaction.Marjanovic and Feijao 20 Sonja Marjanovic and Carolina Feijao May 2020 "Pharmaceutical Innovation for Infectious Disease Management" https://www.rand.org/content/dam/rand/pubs/perspectives/PEA400/PEA407-1/RAND_PEA407-1.pdf (directs RAND Europe's portfolio of research in the field of healthcare innovation, industry and policy)Re-cut by Elmer | 10/16/21 |
SO Set Col KTournament: Mid America Cup | Round: 1 | Opponent: Eagan AE | Judge: Arianna Nelson 3Expansion of medical access is a form of settler colonial biomedical onslaught – humanitarian promotions of health proliferate genocidal assimilation.They either accept the drug – the state uses it as proof as to why western gov is superior AND peoples is a sickness unto that other perpetual peace Kant mentions: death. Biomedicine itself is invested in colonial exploitation through testing done on indigenous communities to biopiracy and stealing indigenous knowledge.Bio medicine – modern medicine AND benefit the least from pharmaceutical colonialism are the ones who need healthcare the most Vote negative to endorse a cartography of refusalDay AND states unambiguously, "For Indigenous nations to live, capitalism must die." Reject Reformism or Plan Focus - Challenging the 1AC’s colonialist framework of interpretation is a prior question to whether or not the Aff is a good ideaWe cant view the plan as intrncially good or bad AND that the nature of every species is homogeneous, with few real deviations. The Aff relegates indigenous possibility to reservation, accelerating death-making – only an orientation of refusal as generative can solve. This the ROTB is to reject systems of settler colonialism.King 17, Tiffany Lethabo. "Humans involved: Lurking in the lines of posthumanist flight." Critical Ethnic Studies 3.1 (2017): 162-185. (Assistant Professor of Women’s, Gender and Sexuality Studies at Georgia State)GZ but re-cut by Elmer AND argue, "knowledge to facilitate interdictions on Indigenous and Black life."23 | 9/25/21 |
SO Stricter patentability CPTournament: Nano Nagle Classic | Round: 6 | Opponent: Southlake Carroll AS | Judge: Scott Brown 3Counterplan text: The member nations of the World Trade Organization ought to require stricter patentability standards for follow on patents by the drug's originator.Solves evergreening, but also leaves room for genuine innovation.Christie et. al 21, A.F., Dent, C.H.R.I.S. and Studdert, D.M., 2021. Evidence of 'Evergreening' in secondary patenting of blockbuster drugs. Melbourne University Law Review, 44(2), pp.537-564. sid | 10/22/21 |
SO T-ReduceTournament: Loyola Invitational | Round: 5 | Opponent: Harvard Westlake MT | Judge: Phoenix Pittman 11~ Interpretation - Reduce means permanent reduction – it’s distinct from "waive" or "suspend."Reynolds 59 (Judge (In the Matter of Doris A. Montesani, Petitioner, v. Arthur Levitt, as Comptroller of the State of New York, et al., Respondents ~NO NUMBER IN ORIGINAL~ Supreme Court of New York, Appellate Division, Third Department 9 A.D.2d 51; 189 N.Y.S.2d 695; 1959 N.Y. App. Div. LEXIS 7391 August 13, 1959, lexis) AND or degrade. The word "reduce" seems adequately to indicate permanency. 2~ Violation – the plan waives intellectual property protections temporarily, which is an indefinite suspension. That’s the 1AC Lindsey ev3~ Vote neg for limits and neg ground – re-instatement under any infinite number of conditions doubles aff ground – every plan becomes either temporary or permanent – you cherry-pick the best criteria and I must prep every aff while they avoid core topic discussions like reduction-based DAs which decks generics like Pharma Innovation and Bio-Tech.4~ Paradigm Issues –a~ Topicality is Drop the Debater – it’s a fundamental baseline for debate-ability.b~ Use Competing Interps – 1~ Topicality is a yes/no question, you can’t be reasonably topical and 2~ Reasonability invites arbitrary judge intervention and a race to the bottom of questionable argumentation.c~ No RVI’s - 1~ Forces the 1NC to go all-in on Theory which kills substance education, 2~ Encourages Baiting since the 1AC will purposely be abusive, and 3~ Illogical – you shouldn’t win for not being abusive. | 10/22/21 |
SO T-reduceTournament: Mid America Cup | Round: 5 | Opponent: Harker PG | Judge: Faizaan Dosani 11 – T-Reduce1~ Interpretation – "Reduce" means to annul.Black's Law 90 Black's Law Dictionary 2ND ED. "Reduce" https://dictionary.thelaw.com/reduce/ Elmer That means the Aff has to cancel IP protections in their entirety, they can't just modify it.Black's Law 90 Black's Law Dictionary 2ND ED. "Annul" https://thelawdictionary.org/annul/ 2~ Violation – They don't remove the IP, the Trade Secret still has the same protection under law, it cannot be disclosed unless disclosure is in the public interest – the Aff only shifts who has to prove that NOT the actual protection.3~ Standards –a~ Limits – Allowing the Aff's to deal with the enforcement of IP rather than the actual protection explodes the Topic – Affs can modify court proceedings, specify which courts hear the cases, how long those proceedings last, which agencies pursue legal action, etc. – it eviscerates a predictable stasis by shifting it away from IPP good/bad.b~ Neg Ground – Shifting the topic to enforcement means DAs like Innovation, Biotech Heg, Politics no longer apply since the Aff doesn't have to reduce anything related to the IPP itself – proven by the fact we can't read Trade Secrets Good vs this Aff since the 1AR will shift to the IP itself doesn't change and if they were good, the Aff wouldn't be enforced proving modifications are infinitely abusive.4~ TVA – eliminate Trade Secret protection of Pharma to eliminate deterrent litigation against whistle-blowers since there's no longer a legal basis for enforcement.5~ Paradigm Issues –a~ Topicality is Drop the Debater – it's a fundamental baseline for debate-ability.b~ Use Competing Interps – 1~ Topicality is a yes/no question, you can't be reasonably topical and 2~ Reasonability invites arbitrary judge intervention and a race to the bottom of questionable argumentation.c~ No RVI's - 1~ Forces the 1NC to go all-in on Theory which kills substance education, 2~ Encourages Baiting since the 1AC will purposely be abusive, and. | 10/16/21 |
SO-IPRS DATournament: Loyola Invitational | Round: 2 | Opponent: Strake Jesuit JX | Judge: Tej Gedela 3The plan collapses medical and biotech innovation by signaling weakened IPRs.Debbie Hart 21. The president and CEO of BioNJ. MD. 2021. "Waiving IP rights for COVID-19 vaccines is dangerous for innovation, jobs and patients." https://www.northjersey.com/story/opinion/2021/07/31/covid-19-vaccines-we-shouldnt-waive-ip-rights/5432438001/ Unfortunately, the U.S. recently announced that it would support a World Trade Organization proposal to waive intellectual property protections for COVID-19 vaccines, a decision that would create a negative ripple effect on the innovation sector in New Jersey and beyond and the very patients who need safe and effective vaccines and treatments the most. Waiving IP protections would threaten the future development of innovative treatments in the most critical moments and ignore more effective ways to ensure global vaccine access during a crisis that don’t put innovation and patients in jeopardy. IP protections on medical products exist to give patients confidence that they will receive treatments that are backed by rigorous safety and efficacy standards and ensure companies can continue to develop innovative drugs for complex disease. Known commonly as the "TRIPS" waiver, WTO proposed the IP waiver under the Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS), an international legal agreement between all member nations of the WTO. The intent may be right – to expand access to lifechanging vaccines across the globe — but the consequences could be vast and dangerous. Waiving IP protections for COVID-19 vaccines that showcase the very best of the biopharmaceutical sector — including the companies that call New Jersey home — not only doesn’t guarantee faster rollout for vaccines abroad but could undermine the standards for these drugs and the supply chain that has demonstrated efficacy throughout the pandemic. The notion that waiving IP protections is critical to saving lives abroad diminishes the work that American companies have done to develop groundbreaking drugs and undermines their continued commitment to saving lives and changing the way we treat and manage complex diseases. There are alternative solutions, including the Biotechnology Innovation Organization’s proposed Global "SHARE" Program, which would ensure continued global vaccine access without threatening American jobs and innovation. There is no question that the fight is not over against COVID-19. But disrupting the production of these difficult to manufacture vaccines and threatening future drug developments is not the way to solve the ongoing challenges of the pandemic. Instead, we should bolster the existing manufacturing framework, hardworking Americans, and valuable science here in New Jersey and across the country. In New Jersey alone, more than 70 companies continue to work to combat the effects of the coronavirus. This approach not only secures U.S. jobs and the homegrown innovation that are central pillars of the Biden Administration, but continues to achieve the global objective of turning the corner on the COVID-19 pandemic. All of the more than 160 member countries of the WTO must support such a wavier for it to move forward, so we await next steps. But we hope the Biden Administration will see how such a decision would change the trajectory of the COVID-19 response, innovation for New Jersey, and the entire U.S. economy. It is imperative that we work together to put shots in more arms in a time of crisis. But this is not the way to do it.The plan undermines investor confidence, preventing investment in biomedicine across the board.Daniel J. Staudt 21. Chief IP Counsel at Siemens LLC. 2021. Waiving IP Rights: The Wrong Path to the Right Goals." https://www.ipwatchdog.com/2021/06/15/waiving-ip-rights-the-wrong-path-to-the-right-goals/id=134546/ AND help defeat the pandemic and for future vaccine development for other infectious diseases.. Slow innovation ensures successful attacks BUT rapid innovation deters them.Christopher Chyba 4, co-director for the Center for International Security and Cooperation, Stanford Institute for International Studies, and Alex Greninger, Assistant Professor at Stanford, MS in Biology, 2004 "Biotechnology and Bioterrorism: An Unprecedented World," http://iis-db.stanford.edu/pubs/20722/Chyba'2004.pdf AND biological programmes and would choose to direct their efforts elsewhere. Extinction.Phil Torres 21, Former writer for Future of Life Institute, Former Affiliate Scholar at the Institute for Ethics and Emerging Technologies, MA in Neuroscience from Brandeis University, Ph.D. candidate at Leibniz Universität Hannover, "International Criminal Law and the Future of Humanity: A Theory of the Crime of Omnicide," 3/8/2021, https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract'id=3777140 AND survival or reproduction)" could precipitate the extinction of the affected species.85 | 10/22/21 |
SO-T-ReduceTournament: Mid America Cup | Round: 1 | Opponent: Eagan AE | Judge: Arianna Nelson 21NC - T-Reduce1~ Interpretation - Reduce means permanent reduction – it’s distinct from "waive" or "suspend."Reynolds 59 (Judge (In the Matter of Doris A. Montesani, Petitioner, v. Arthur Levitt, as Comptroller of the State of New York, et al., Respondents ~NO NUMBER IN ORIGINAL~ Supreme Court of New York, Appellate Division, Third Department 9 A.D.2d 51; 189 N.Y.S.2d 695; 1959 N.Y. App. Div. LEXIS 7391 August 13, 1959, lexis) AND or degrade. The word "reduce" seems adequately to indicate permanency. 2~ Violation – the plan waives intellectual property protections "during global public health emergencies", which is an suspension – don’t let them get We Meets since their Plan defends a waiver during public health emergencies.3~ Vote neg for limits and neg ground – re-instatement under any infinite number of conditions doubles aff ground – every plan becomes either temporary or permanent – you cherry-pick the best criteria and I must prep every aff while they avoid core topic discussions like reduction-based DAs which decks generics like Pharma Innovation and Bio-Tech.4~ TVA solves – permanently reduce COVID patents or read your aff whole rez5~ Paradigm Issues –a~ Topicality is Drop the Debater – it’s a fundamental baseline for debate-ability.b~ Use Competing Interps – 1~ Topicality is a yes/no question, you can’t be reasonably topical and 2~ Reasonability invites arbitrary judge intervention and a race to the bottom of questionable argumentation.c~ No RVI’s - 1~ Forces the 1NC to go all-in on Theory which kills substance education, 2~ Encourages Baiting since the 1AC will purposely be abusive, and 3~ Illogical – you shouldn’t win for not being abusive. | 9/25/21 |
So T-EspecTournament: Loyola Invitational | Round: 4 | Opponent: Harvard Westlake JH | Judge: Gordon Krauss 4Interpretation – the Affirmative must present a delineated enforcement mechanism for the Plan. There is no normal means since terms are negotiated contextually among member states.WTO No Date "Whose WTO is it anyway?" https://www.wto.org/english/thewto'e/whatis'e/tif'e/org1'e.htm Elmer AND , for example, influence a country’s policy by threatening to withhold credit. Violation: they don’tStandards1~ Shiftiness- They can redefine the 1AC’s enforcement mechanism in the 1AR which allows them to recontextualize their enforcement mechanism to wriggle out of DA’s since all DA links are predicated on type of enforcement i.e. sanctions bad das, domestic politics das off of backlash, information research sharing da if they put monetary punishments, or trade das.2~ Real World - Policy makers will always specify how the mandates of the plan should be endorsed. It also means zero solvency, absent spec, states can circumvent the Aff’s policy since there is no delineated way to enforce the affirmative which means there’s no way to actualize any of their solvency arguments.ESpec isn’t regressive or arbitrary- it’s an active part of the WTO is central to any advocacy about international IP law since the only uniqueness of a reduction of IP protections is how effective its enforcement is.C/A paradigm issues from CSA shell | 10/22/21 |
T-Counter Solvency Advocate V2Tournament: Mid America Cup | Round: 5 | Opponent: Harker PG | Judge: Faizaan Dosani Interpretation: If the affirmative defends anything other than a whole res affirmative(defends The member nations of the world trade organization ought to reduce intellectual property protections) then they must provide a counter-solvency advocate for their specific advocacy in the 1AC. (To clarify, you must have an author that states we should not do your aff, insofar as the aff is not a whole res phil aff)Violation:Their plan text isn't whole res it defends the EUStandards:Fairness – This is a litmus test to determining whether your aff is fair –a) Limits – there are infinite things you could defend outside the exact text of the resolution which pushes you to the limits of contestable arguments, even if your interp of the topic is better, the only way to verify if it's substantively fair is proof of counter-arguments. Nobody knows your aff better than you, so if you can't find an answer, I can't be expected to. Our interp narrows out trivially true advocacies since counter-solvency advocates ensure equal division of ground for both sides.Fairness and education are voters – its how judges evaluate rounds and why schools fund debateDTD – it's key to norm set and deter future abuseCompeting interps – Reasonability invites arbitrary judge intervention and a race to the bottom of questionable argumentation – it also collapses since brightlines operate on an offense-defense paradigmNo RVIs – A – Encourages theory baiting – outweighs because if the shell is frivolous, they can beat it quickly B – its illogical for you to win for proving you were fair – outweighs since logic is a litmus test for other arguments | 10/16/21 |
T-Must have countersolvency advocateTournament: Loyola Invitational | Round: 2 | Opponent: Strake Jesuit JX | Judge: Tej Gedela 1A. Interpretation: If the affirmative defends anything other than member nations of the World Trade Organization ought to reduce intellectual property protections for medicines then they must provide a counter-solvency advocate for their specific advocacy in the 1AC. (To clarify, you must have an author that states we should not do your aff, insofar as the aff is not a whole res phil aff)B. Violation: they doC. Standards:1. Fairness – This is a litmus test to determining whether your aff is fair –a) Limits – there are infinite things you could defend outside the exact text of the resolution which pushes you to the limits of contestable arguments, even if your interp of the topic is better, the only way to verify if it’s substantively fair is proof of counter-arguments. Nobody knows your aff better than you, so if you can’t find an answer, I can’t be expected to. Our interp narrows out trivially true advocacies since counter-solvency advocates ensure equal division of ground for both sides.b) Shiftiness-Having a counter-solvency advocate helps us conceptualize what their advocacy is and how it’s implemented. Intentionally ambiguous affirmatives we don’t know much about can’t spike out of DA’s and CP’s if they have an advocate that delineates these things.2. Research – Forces the aff to go to the other side of the library and contest their own view points, as well as encouraging in depth-research about their own position. Having one also encourages more in-depth answers since I can find responses. Key to education since we definitionally learn more about positions when we contest our own. | 10/22/21 |
Th-Cars TheoryTournament: Florida Blue Key | Round: 2 | Opponent: Lexington EY | Judge: Sanjana Bhatnagar TheoryInterpretation: The affirmative must specify what their favorite car movie is. If they haven't watched it then they should lose. Mine is Cars 3Watching Cars fosters prosocial behavior – that solves friendship, happiness, and education which solves the aff Leeuw and der Laan 17:Rebecca N. H. de Leeuw, ~(PhD cum laude, 2011) is an Assistant Professor of Communication Science, Behavioural Science Institute, Radboud University. She devotes her research to the role of parenting and media in relation to character strengths and well-being in children and adolescents. Her research belongs to the field of positive media psychology.~ and Christa A. van der Laan, ~(MsC, 2016) is an Alumna of Communication Science, Behavioural Science Institute, Radboud University. She did her Master thesis on Disney and helping behavior in children, and after graduating she collaborated on the present study.~ December 1, 2017, "Helping behavior in Disney animated movies and children's helping behavior in the Netherlands" https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/17482798.2017.1409245 LHP AV Drop the debatera). k2 deter future abuse | 10/30/21 |
Th-Colt PeacemakerTournament: Harvard | Round: 4 | Opponent: Bronx Science NK | Judge: Michael Kurian Interpretation: The aff must explicitly specify a comprehensive role of the ballot in the form of a text in the 1AC where they clarify how offense links back to the role of the ballot, such as whether post-fiat offense or pre-fiat offense matters and what constitutes that offense with implications on how to weighViolation: they don’tStandards:1. Engagement – Knowing what counts as offense is a prerequisite to making arguments, so its impossible to engage the aff. Our interp ensures that I read something relevant to your method, and knowing how to weigh gives us a standard. Especially true since there is no norm on what "performative engagement" like there is for util offenseFew impacts:a) Education – When two ships pass in the night we don’t learn anything - This also guts novice inclusion because now they can never learn arguments in round.b) Turns the aff – Your impacts are premised on engaging with issues of oppression, but no one will take seriously a position that can’t be clashed withc) Strategy Skew – You can recontextualize your ROTB to make up reasons why my offense doesn’t link in the 1ARFraming: You can’t use your ROB to exclude my shell. My shell simply constrains how you read your ROTB. My method is your ROTB with specification, so if I’m winning comparative offense, the shell outweighs even if method debates in general preclude theory. If they go for the Aff first that proves the abuse of my shell since they should have specified in the AC.c/a from the 1st shell | 2/19/22 |
Th-Must Articulate Distinct ROBTournament: Florida Blue Key | Round: 2 | Opponent: Lexington EY | Judge: Sanjana Bhatnagar Interpretation: The affirmative debater must articulate a distinct ROB in the form of a delineated text in the first affirmative speech.Violation:Prefer-1~ Strat Skew – They can read multiple pieces of offense under different ROBs and then read a new one in the 1AR so they never lose under the ROB. it just becomes a 2NR debate about whether the ROB is better than the 1NC's which moots engagement. That means infinite abuse – All you have to do is dump on the 1N ROB and marginally extend your warrants in the 2AR and the neg can't do anything about it since there is no 3NR to answer the 2AR weighing or extrapolations2~ Reciprocity – (a) restarting the ROB debate in the 1ar puts you at a 7-6 advantage– putting it in the aff makes it 13-13 (b) you have one more speech to contest my ROB and weigh (c) I can only read a ROB in the 1N so you should read it in your first speech– that's definitionally an equal burden. | 10/30/21 |
Th-Must have advocacy textTournament: Harvard | Round: 6 | Opponent: Cooper City NR | Judge: Amit Kukreja Interpretation: The aff must explicitly specify a comprehensive advocacy text in the 1AC where they clarify how their offense links back to the role of the ballot, is it post-fiat offense or pre-fiat offense and a clear explanation of the advocacy’s actor, action and objectViolation: They didn’tStandards:1. Engagement – Knowing their advocacy is a prerequisite to making meaningful arguments, so its impossible to engage the aff. Our interp ensures that I read something relevant to your method, and knowing pre-fiat or post-fiat offense gives us a standard for what is relevant. This is true of kritikal affs since there is no norm on what "symbolic terrorism" is in the same way there is for what counts as a plan. Few impacts:a) Education – When two ships pass in the night we don’t learn anything - This also guts novice inclusion because now they can never learn arguments in round.b) Link turns the aff – Your impacts are premised on engaging with issues of oppression, but no one will take seriously a position that can’t be clashed withc) Strategy Skew – You can recontextualize your advocacy to make up reasons why my links and offense don’t link in the 1ARFraming: You can’t use the aff to exclude my shell. My shell simply constrains how you read your advocacy. My method is your advocacy with specification, so if I’m winning comparative offense, the shell outweighs even if method debates in general preclude theory. | 2/20/22 |
Th-Must osource on the wikiTournament: Heart of Texas Invitational | Round: 6 | Opponent: Durham JH | Judge: Eshwar Mohan 1NC ShellInterpretation: Debaters must disclose all constructive positions on open source with the full text of all cards with highlighting on the 2019-20 NDCA LD wiki after the round in which they read them.Violation –
1~ Debate resource inequities—you'll say people will steal cards, but that's good—it's the only way to truly level the playing field for students such as novices in under-privileged programs.Antonucci 05 ~Michael (Debate coach for Georgetown; former coach for Lexington High School); "~eDebate~ open source? resp to Morris"; December 8; http://www.ndtceda.com/pipermail/edebate/2005-December/064806.html ~ Open source does equal the playing fieldOvering 18 – Bob Overing, LD Scholar ("Holiday Disclosure Post ~#6 – 10 Things Edition" JANUARY 12, 2018. http://www.premierdebate.com/disclosure-post-6/) 2~ Evidence ethics – open source is the only way to verify pre-round that cards aren't miscut or highlighted or bracketed unethically. That's a voter – maintaining ethical ev practices is key to being good academics and we should be able to verify you didn't cheat3~ Depth of clash – it allows debaters to have nuanced researched objections to their opponents evidence before the round at a much faster rate, which leads to higher quality ev comparison – outweighs cause thinking on your feet is NUQ but the best quality responses come from full access to a case. | 11/6/21 |
Th-Must osource on the wikiTournament: Florida Blue Key | Round: 6 | Opponent: Durham JH | Judge: Eshwar Mohan 21NC ShellInterpretation: Debaters must disclose all constructive positions on open source with the full text of all cards with highlighting on the 2019-20 NDCA LD wiki after the round in which they read them.Violation –
1~ Debate resource inequities—you'll say people will steal cards, but that's good—it's the only way to truly level the playing field for students such as novices in under-privileged programs.Antonucci 05 ~Michael (Debate coach for Georgetown; former coach for Lexington High School); "~eDebate~ open source? resp to Morris"; December 8; http://www.ndtceda.com/pipermail/edebate/2005-December/064806.html ~ Open source does equal the playing fieldOvering 18 – Bob Overing, LD Scholar ("Holiday Disclosure Post ~#6 – 10 Things Edition" JANUARY 12, 2018. http://www.premierdebate.com/disclosure-post-6/) 2~ Evidence ethics – open source is the only way to verify pre-round that cards aren't miscut or highlighted or bracketed unethically. That's a voter – maintaining ethical ev practices is key to being good academics and we should be able to verify you didn't cheat3~ Depth of clash – it allows debaters to have nuanced researched objections to their opponents evidence before the round at a much faster rate, which leads to higher quality ev comparison – outweighs cause thinking on your feet is NUQ but the best quality responses come from full access to a case. | 11/6/21 |
Th-New Affs BadTournament: Heart of Texas Invitational | Round: 6 | Opponent: Durham JH | Judge: Eshwar Mohan 11NC- New Aff Bad(Long)Interpretation: Debaters must disclose affirmative frameworks, advocacy texts, and advantage areas thirty minutes before round if they haven't read the affirmative beforeViolation: They didn't screenshots in the doc
Standards:1~ Clash- Not disclosing incentivizes surprise tactics and poorly refined positions that rely on artificial and vague negative engagement to win debates. Their interpretation discourages third- and fourth-line testing by limiting the amount of time we have to prepare and forcing us to enter the debate with zero idea of what the affirmative is. Negatives are forced to rely on generics instead of smart contextual strategies destroying nuanced argumentation.2~ Reciprocity – They get an infinite amount of time to frontline their aff to write the most efficient and effective answers to anything we could say against it while we get only four minutes in round. This gives them a tremendous advantage over us that makes it impossible to win substance.3~ Shiftiness- Not knowing enough about the affirmative coming into round incentivizes 1ar shiftiness about what the aff is and what their framework/advocacy entails. That means even if we could read generics or find prep, they'd just find ways to recontextualize their obscure advocacy in the 1ar.Fairness and education are voters – debate's a game that needs rules to evaluate it and education gives us portable skills for life like research and thinking.Drop the debatera). dta makes zero sense in the context of this shellb). deterrence key to deterring future abuse Use competing interps – reasonability invites arbitrary judge intervention since we don't know your bs meter and collapses, youy use an offense-defense paradigm\No rvis | 11/6/21 |
Th-New Affs BadTournament: Florida Blue Key | Round: 6 | Opponent: Durham JH | Judge: Eshwar Mohan 11NC- New Aff Bad(Long)Interpretation: Debaters must disclose affirmative frameworks, advocacy texts, and advantage areas thirty minutes before round if they haven't read the affirmative beforeViolation: They didn't screenshots in the doc
Standards:1~ Clash- Not disclosing incentivizes surprise tactics and poorly refined positions that rely on artificial and vague negative engagement to win debates. Their interpretation discourages third- and fourth-line testing by limiting the amount of time we have to prepare and forcing us to enter the debate with zero idea of what the affirmative is. Negatives are forced to rely on generics instead of smart contextual strategies destroying nuanced argumentation.2~ Reciprocity – They get an infinite amount of time to frontline their aff to write the most efficient and effective answers to anything we could say against it while we get only four minutes in round. This gives them a tremendous advantage over us that makes it impossible to win substance.3~ Shiftiness- Not knowing enough about the affirmative coming into round incentivizes 1ar shiftiness about what the aff is and what their framework/advocacy entails. That means even if we could read generics or find prep, they'd just find ways to recontextualize their obscure advocacy in the 1ar.Fairness and education are voters – debate's a game that needs rules to evaluate it and education gives us portable skills for life like research and thinking.Drop the debatera). dta makes zero sense in the context of this shellb). deterrence key to deterring future abuse Use competing interps – reasonability invites arbitrary judge intervention since we don't know your bs meter and collapses, youy use an offense-defense paradigm\No rvis | 11/6/21 |
Th-Spikes on TopTournament: Florida Blue Key | Round: 4 | Opponent: Southlake Caroll SD | Judge: Tej Gedela 1NC Shell V1Interpretation: All arguments concerning fairness or education that the negative could violate must be read first in the affirmative speech. To clarify, theory arguments must be read at the top of the affirmative case before all substantive arguments.Violation:Standards:~1~ Neg strat – theory spikes and interpretations drastically change negative strategy because they operate on the highest layer of the debate. If the aff reads all their substance and then reads theory arguments, the neg is at a disadvantage because any substantive thinking would be nullified by your theory arguments. The neg should know what they have to meet before planning a strategy. | 10/30/21 |
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