American Heritage Broward Wong Aff
| Tournament | Round | Opponent | Judge | Cites | Round Report | Open Source | Edit/Delete |
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| Any | 1 | Any | Any |
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| Mid America CupValley | 1 | Lexington AG | Robinson, Tajaih |
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| Mid America CupValley | 3 | Iowa City West NW | Singh, Manasi |
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| Mid America CupValley | 5 | West Des Moines Valley LS | Brixz Gonzaba |
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| Tradition | 1 | NSU JA | Brown, Grant |
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| Tradition | 4 | Lake Highland Prep PS | Bravim, Luiz |
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| Tradition | 5 | Heights AW | Anania, Alex |
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| Tradition | 6 | Lake Highland Prep NP | Bravo, Alex |
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| Tradition | Quarters | Lake Highland Prep AC | Anania, Alex Curry, Ausha Bravim, Luiz |
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| Woodward | 1 | Harvard-Westlake Vradiy | Park, Felicity |
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| Woodward | 3 | West Des Moines Valley Mukome | Dosch, David |
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| Woodward | 6 | Immaculate Heart Lay | Krauss, Gordon |
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| Woodward | Quarters | Harrison Gessner | Waters, Jonathan, McGinnis, David, Smith, Nick |
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| Woodward | Semis | Greenhill Koshy | Grigsby, Gerard, Patel, Jay, Kolla, Rahul |
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| Tournament | Round | Report |
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| Any | 1 | Opponent: Any | Judge: Any Ignore |
| Mid America CupValley | 1 | Opponent: Lexington AG | Judge: Robinson, Tajaih AC - Ethical Reciprocity Aff NC - Biotech DA Util Disclosure Theory Benefit Sharing CP Case Turns 2N - Case 2AR - AC |
| Mid America CupValley | 3 | Opponent: Iowa City West NW | Judge: Singh, Manasi AC - Ethical Reciprocity Aff NC - Truth Testing Contracts Case Turns 2N - Case 2AR - AC |
| Mid America CupValley | 5 | Opponent: West Des Moines Valley LS | Judge: Brixz Gonzaba AC - Ethical Reciprocity Aff NC - Case 2N - Case 2AR - AC |
| Tradition | 1 | Opponent: NSU JA | Judge: Brown, Grant AC - Lay AC |
| Tradition | 4 | Opponent: Lake Highland Prep PS | Judge: Bravim, Luiz AC - Prison Strikes AC |
| Tradition | 5 | Opponent: Heights AW | Judge: Anania, Alex AC - Colonialism AC |
| Tradition | 6 | Opponent: Lake Highland Prep NP | Judge: Bravo, Alex AC - Util Lay AC v2 |
| Tradition | Quarters | Opponent: Lake Highland Prep AC | Judge: Anania, Alex Curry, Ausha Bravim, Luiz AC - Util Prison Strikes Cap Adv |
| Woodward | 1 | Opponent: Harvard-Westlake Vradiy | Judge: Park, Felicity ac - comsovisions ac |
| Woodward | 3 | Opponent: West Des Moines Valley Mukome | Judge: Dosch, David ac - lay ac |
| Woodward | 6 | Opponent: Immaculate Heart Lay | Judge: Krauss, Gordon ac - comsovisions ac |
| Woodward | Quarters | Opponent: Harrison Gessner | Judge: Waters, Jonathan, McGinnis, David, Smith, Nick ac - cosmovisions ac |
| Woodward | Semis | Opponent: Greenhill Koshy | Judge: Grigsby, Gerard, Patel, Jay, Kolla, Rahul ac - cosmovisions ac |
To modify or delete round reports, edit the associated round.
Cites
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0 - contactTournament: Any | Round: 1 | Opponent: Any | Judge: Any Pronouns: she/her If there's anything I don't meet just message me before round so we can have a substantive debate. | 9/24/21 |
g -- nd -- utilTournament: Tradition | Round: Quarters | Opponent: Lake Highland Prep AC | Judge: Anania, Alex Curry, Ausha Bravim, Luiz FwkThe standard is maximizing expected well-being. – we will spec – Hedonistic act UtilitarianismPrefer:1~ Actor specificity:A~ Governments must aggregate since every policy benefit some and harms others, which also means side constraints freeze action.B~ States lack wills or intentions since policies are collective actions. Actor-specificity comes first since different agents have different ethical standings. Link turns calc indites because the alt would be no action.2~ Lexical Prerequisite – suffering creates lifelong conditions and threats on life that preclude the ability of actors being able to engage in other evaluations ethical since they are in a constant state of crisis.3~ TJF – Ethical frameworks must be theoretically legitimate. All frameworks are functionally topicality interpretations of the word ought so they must theoretically justified. Prefer our standard – a~ Ground: Both debaters are guaranteed access to ground – Aff gets plans and advantages, while Neg gets disads and counterplans. Additionally, anything can function as an impact as long as an external benefit is articulated, so all your offense applies. b~ Weighing ground: consequences lets us weigh the probability a scenario, its risk, scope, severity, etc. and we can even weigh between these standards. We can still run side constraints but they are compared to other impacts while other frameworks prevent weighing by making them absolute. Ow on resolvability because if there is framing mechanism that we don't know what offense matters. That's an independent voter: because the judge literally cannot make a decision.4~ Extinction outweighs –a~ Moral Uncertainty and Magnitude –Pummer 15 ~Theron, Junior Research Fellow in Philosophy at St. Anne's College, University of Oxford. "Moral Agreement on Saving the World" Practical Ethics, University of Oxford. May 18, 2015~ AT b~ Forecloses future improvement – we can never improve society because our impact is irreversiblec~ Turns suffering – mass death causes suffering because people can't get access to resources and basic necessitiesd~ Moral obligation – allowing people to die is unethical and should be prevented because it creates ethics towards other peoplee~ Objectivity – body count is the most objective way to calculate impacts because comparing suffering is unethicalReject Theory Arguments~1~ Agonism: Notions of fairness in agonistic games are hopelessly vague and ideologically reinforce imperialismLee 17 - Jonathan Rey Lee, Analog Game Studies, March 20th, 2017 "CAPITALISM AND UNFAIRNESS IN CATAN: OIL SPRINGS" ~http://analoggamestudies.org/2017/03/capitalism-and-unfairness-in-catan-oil-springs/~~ Accessed 9/14/20 SAO ~2~ The aff is the interpretation. Solves ideological dogmatism and content exploration and turns every standardKoh 13 - Ben Koh, NSD Update, October 1st, 2013 "Breaking Down Borders: Rethinking the Interaction Between Theory and Ethics" ~http://nsdupdate.com/2013/breaking-down-borders-rethinking-the-interaction-between-theory-and-ethics/~~ Accessed 8/14/20 SAO | 11/16/21 |
jf -- cosmovisions acTournament: Woodward | Round: 1 | Opponent: Harvard-Westlake Vradiy | Judge: Park, Felicity | 3/19/22 |
jf -- cosmovisions ac v2Tournament: Woodward | Round: Quarters | Opponent: Harrison Gessner | Judge: Waters, Jonathan, McGinnis, David, Smith, Nick | 3/20/22 |
jf -- lay acTournament: Woodward | Round: 3 | Opponent: West Des Moines Valley Mukome | Judge: Dosch, David | 3/20/22 |
nd -- colonialism acTournament: Tradition | Round: 5 | Opponent: Heights AW | Judge: Anania, Alex Colonialism ACThe role of the ballot is to use the flow to identify and vote for the debater who best performatively decolonizes debates about the right to strike. This means form-level offense comes first and precludes theoryDunford 17 - Robin Dunford, University of Brighton, Journal of Global Ethics, September 21st 2017 "Toward a decolonial global ethics" ~https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/17449626.2017.1373140~~ Accessed 10/1/20 SAO Prefer my Role of the ballot~1~ Representations and form first because our approach to the world determines our material actions which means it controls the IL to policy change. And additionally, it ensures reflexivityCurbishley 15 - Liddy Scarlet Curbishley student Masters of Humanities in Gender Studies August 2015 "Destabilizing the Colonization of Indigenous Knowledge In the Case of Biopiracy" ~https://dspace.library.uu.nl/bitstream/handle/1874/319612/Liddy20Thesis.pdf~~ Accessed 8/13/21 SAO ~2~ Resolvability: Semantic representations of truth aren't reliable.Kienpointner 96 – M. Kienpointner in the Journal Argumentation, November 1996 "Whorf and Wittgenstein. Language, world view and argumentation" ~https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/BF00142980~~ Accessed 9/18/19 SAO ~3~ Subversion: We manipulate the academy into making space for minoritarian thoughtPaperson 17 - la paperson, June 1, 2017 also known as K. Wayne Yang, an associate professor of ethnic studies at the University of California, San Diego "A Third University is Possible" ~https://manifold.umn.edu/read/a-third-university-is-possible/section/884701be-04f4-4564-939d-d9905d0e80d9~~#cvi~~ Accessed 3/8/18 SAO ~4~ Solidarity: Our advocacy solves battle fatigueBrady 17 - Janelle Brady, University of Toronto, Canadian Journal for New Scholars in Education, May 29th, 2017 "Education for whom? Exploring systems of oppression and domination" ~https://journalhosting.ucalgary.ca/index.php/cjnse/article/view/30801~~ Accessed 8/28/19 SAO brackets in original text ~5~ Performativity: They presuppose that their epistemology will be valued which means contestation proves our role of the ballot is a prerequisite to all evaluation~6~ Epistemology: Our role of the ballot answers a metaethical question that precedes normative framing. Refusing all epistemic hegemony is a prerequisite to cognitive deliberation and a lack of hierarchies across normative structures means I get permutations.Poppe 16 - R.C Poppe, Utrecht University Repository, 2016 "APPLYING DECOLONIAL PERSPECTIVES TO CLIMATE ETHICS" ~https://dspace.library.uu.nl/handle/1874/334548~~ Accessed 10/9/19 SAO ~7~ Using extinction as a motivation for action obfuscates colonialism and papers over structural violenceMitchell 17 - Audra Mitchell, Worldly, September 27, 2017"Decolonizing against extinction part II: Extinction is not a metaphor – it is literally genocide" ~https://worldlyir.wordpress.com/category/colonisation-and-settler-colonialism/~~ Accessed 10/19/18 SAO And: Theory is violent and should be rejected.~1~ Appeals to a neutral educational meritocracy buy into a universalist fiction that sanctions racialized violenceBrady 2 - Janelle Brady, University of Toronto, Canadian Journal for New Scholars in Education, May 29th, 2017 "Education for whom? Exploring systems of oppression and domination" ~https://journalhosting.ucalgary.ca/index.php/cjnse/article/view/30801~~ Accessed 8/28/19 SAO ~2~ Notions of fairness in agonistic games are hopelessly vague and ideologically reinforce conquestLee 17 - Jonathan Rey Lee, Analog Game Studies, March 20th, 2017 "CAPITALISM AND UNFAIRNESS IN CATAN: OIL SPRINGS" ~http://analoggamestudies.org/2017/03/capitalism-and-unfairness-in-catan-oil-springs/~~ Accessed 9/14/20 SAO ~3~ We can cross apply the aff to theory. Solves ideological dogmatism and content exploration and turns every standardKoh 13 - Ben Koh, NSD Update, October 1st, 2013 "Breaking Down Borders: Rethinking the Interaction Between Theory and Ethics" ~http://nsdupdate.com/2013/breaking-down-borders-rethinking-the-interaction-between-theory-and-ethics/~~ Accessed 8/14/20 SAO OffenseAdvocacy text: Ill defend that a just government ought to recognize an unconditional right of workers to strike. I am not role playing the state, just stating the current state of affairs is unethical.That affirms:===~1~ Workplace practices are built on colonialist exploitation=== ~2~ Strikes resist the workplace cultural hierarchyGourevitch 18' – Alex Gourevitch, I am an associate professor of political science in the Department of Political Science. I have been an assistant professor at McMaster University, a Post-Doctoral Research Associate at Brown University's Political Theory Project, and a College Fellow at Harvard University. I received my Ph.D in political science from Columbia University in 2010, "The Right to Strike: A Radical View", Brown University, American Political Science Association, June 24th, 2018, Accessed 11/01/21 AHSAP | 11/14/21 |
nd -- lay acTournament: Tradition | Round: 1 | Opponent: NSU JA | Judge: Brown, Grant ACFwkI affirm the resolution resolved: a just government ought to recognize an unconditional right of workers to strike.Because the resolution questions what we ought do, I value morality.Resolved is defined as firm in purpose or intent; determined. My value criterion is utilitarianism, which is to maximize expected well-being for the most amount of people.Prefer my framework.~1~ Moral choices may only be decided by which results in the net-most good.~2~ Real World: Governments predict success of policies by analyzing benefits and harms for all their constituents. Our fwk teaches students the best skills for the real world.This means you should vote affirmative if I prove a just government recognizing an unconditional right of workers to strike maximizes pleasure and minimizes pain.Overview~1~ If it is unconditional, the right to strike is always good. If it's conditional, then you exclude certain times.~2~ It is important that it's unconditional because corporations can manipulate those conditions to put down every single strike. Any conditions open the door for companies and governments. People in power aren't determining if a strike is good. That is for the people who are striking to determine.Prison StrikesPrisoners are dehumanized through poor working conditions and extremely underpaid labor.Barron 18 – Laignee Barron August 22, 2018 "Here's Why Inmates in the U.S. Prison System Have Launched a Nationwide Strike" ~https://time.com/5374133/prison-strike-labor-conditions/~~ AHSJW Accessed 10/24/21 Underpaid laborers fuel an increasing wealth gap that causes economic collapse.Lansley 12 – Stewart Lansley February 4, 2012 "Why increasing economic inequality leads to collapse" ~https://www.theguardian.com/business/2012/feb/05/inequality-leads-to-economic-collapse~~ AHSJW Accessed 10/25/21 Sexual Assault StrikesSexual harassment in the workplace has existed for decades with a growing fear of speaking out.The Hans India 14 – The Hans India November 11, 2014 "47 of Indian women find sexual harassment at the workplace a big issue" ~https://www.thehansindia.com/posts/index/Hans/2014-11-11/47-of-Indian-women-find-sexual-harassment-at-the-workplace-a-big-issue/115699?infinitescroll=1~~ AHSJW Accessed 10/25/21 ====Labor strikes hold sexual assault offenders accountable.==== And the AC's impact spills over. Failing to hold the most powerful accountable causes psychological violence against survivors and demonstrates to abusers there are NO consequences for ruining lives.Cheung 18 - Kylie Cheung October 18, 2018 "One Year Later, We Face the Limits of ~#MeToo's Powers" ~https://www.yahoo.com/lifestyle/one-later-face-limits-metoo-225038208.html~~ /AHS PB Recut AHSJW Accessed 10/29/21 Global Warming StrikesNews outlets bring attention to climate strikes which influence political change for the environment.Neves 20 - Felipe Schaeffer Neves, political and environmental analyst November 09, 2020 "Climate Strikes: how effective is it to participate in them?" ~https://lfca.earth/strikes/~~ AHSJW Accessed 11/12/21 Climate change leads to extinction.Specktor 19 - Brandon Specktor writes about the science of everyday life for Live Science, and previously for Reader's Digest magazine, where he served as an editor for five years. He grew up in the Sonoran Desert, but believes Sonoran hot dogs are trying way too hard. "Human Civilization Will Crumble by 2050 If We Don't Stop Climate Change Now, New Paper Claims", Live Science, 06/04/21 ~https://www.livescience.com/65633-climate-change-dooms-humans-by-2050.html~~ Accessed 02/11/21 AHS AP Recut AHSJW Accessed 10/29/21 Imperialism StrikesRelations between the West and Russia are growing tense — political and military tensions are on the rise.Ham 18 - Peter van Ham December 2018 "Rising Tensions Between Policy Brief the West and Russia: What Role For Arms Control?" ~https://www.clingendael.org/sites/default/files/2018-12/PB_Arms_control.pdf~~ Worker strikes prevent wars from breaking out by promoting peace — Sweden proves.Hameed 13 - Fatimah Hameed, 22/02/2013 "Swedish workers protest, threaten general strike and mutiny to prevent war against Norway, 1905" ~https://nvdatabase.swarthmore.edu/content/swedish-workers-protest-threaten-general-strike-and-mutiny-prevent-war-against-norway-1905\~ AHSJW Accessed 10/28/21 Tensions can lead to nuclear war, which creates Ice Age and mass starvationSteven Starr 15. "Nuclear War: An Unrecognized Mass Extinction Event Waiting To Happen." Ratical. March 2015. https://ratical.org/radiation/NuclearExtinction/StevenStarr022815.html TG | 11/13/21 |
nd -- lay ac v2Tournament: Tradition | Round: 6 | Opponent: Lake Highland Prep NP | Judge: Bravo, Alex ACFwkI affirm the resolution resolved: a just government ought to recognize an unconditional right of workers to strike.Resolved is defined as firm in purpose or intent; determined. The standard is maximizing expected well-being. – we will spec – Hedonistic act UtilitarianismPrefer:1~ Actor specificity:A~ Governments must aggregate since every policy benefit some and harms others, which also means side constraints freeze action.B~ States lack wills or intentions since policies are collective actions. Actor-specificity comes first since different agents have different ethical standings. Link turns calc indites because the alt would be no action.2~ Lexical Prerequisite – suffering creates lifelong conditions and threats on life that preclude the ability of actors being able to engage in other evaluations ethical since they are in a constant state of crisis.3~ TJF – Ethical frameworks must be theoretically legitimate. All frameworks are functionally topicality interpretations of the word ought so they must theoretically justified. Prefer our standard – a~ Ground: Both debaters are guaranteed access to ground – Aff gets plans and advantages, while Neg gets disads and counterplans. Additionally, anything can function as an impact as long as an external benefit is articulated, so all your offense applies. b~ Weighing ground: consequences lets us weigh the probability a scenario, its risk, scope, severity, etc. and we can even weigh between these standards. We can still run side constraints but they are compared to other impacts while other frameworks prevent weighing by making them absolute. Ow on resolvability because if there is framing mechanism that we don't know what offense matters. That's an independent voter: because the judge literally cannot make a decision.4~ Extinction outweighs –a~ Moral Uncertainty and Magnitude –Pummer 15 ~Theron, Junior Research Fellow in Philosophy at St. Anne's College, University of Oxford. "Moral Agreement on Saving the World" Practical Ethics, University of Oxford. May 18, 2015~ AT b~ Forecloses future improvement – we can never improve society because our impact is irreversiblec~ Turns suffering – mass death causes suffering because people can't get access to resources and basic necessitiesd~ Moral obligation – allowing people to die is unethical and should be prevented because it creates ethics towards other peoplee~ Objectivity – body count is the most objective way to calculate impacts because comparing suffering is unethicalOverview~1~ It is important that it's unconditional because corporations can manipulate those conditions to put down every single strike. Any conditions open the door for companies and governments. People in power aren't determining if a strike is good. That is for the people who are striking to determine.~2~ You have to win that unconditional means bad and prove that every instance of unconditional strikes is bad.Prison StrikesPrisoners are dehumanized through poor working conditions and extremely underpaid labor.Barron 18 – Laignee Barron August 22, 2018 "Here's Why Inmates in the U.S. Prison System Have Launched a Nationwide Strike" ~https://time.com/5374133/prison-strike-labor-conditions/~~ AHSJW Accessed 10/24/21 Underpaid laborers fuel an increasing wealth gap that causes economic collapse.Lansley 12 – Stewart Lansley February 4, 2012 "Why increasing economic inequality leads to collapse" ~https://www.theguardian.com/business/2012/feb/05/inequality-leads-to-economic-collapse~~ AHSJW Accessed 10/25/21 Sexual Assault StrikesSexual harassment in the workplace has existed for decades with a growing fear of speaking out.The Hans India 14 – The Hans India November 11, 2014 "47 of Indian women find sexual harassment at the workplace a big issue" ~https://www.thehansindia.com/posts/index/Hans/2014-11-11/47-of-Indian-women-find-sexual-harassment-at-the-workplace-a-big-issue/115699?infinitescroll=1~~ AHSJW Accessed 10/25/21 ====Labor strikes hold sexual assault offenders accountable.==== And the AC's impact spills over. Failing to hold the most powerful accountable causes psychological violence against survivors and demonstrates to abusers there are NO consequences for ruining lives.Cheung 18 - Kylie Cheung October 18, 2018 "One Year Later, We Face the Limits of ~#MeToo's Powers" ~https://www.yahoo.com/lifestyle/one-later-face-limits-metoo-225038208.html~~ /AHS PB Recut AHSJW Accessed 10/29/21 Global Warming StrikesNews outlets bring attention to climate strikes which influence political change for the environment.Neves 20 - Felipe Schaeffer Neves, political and environmental analyst November 09, 2020 "Climate Strikes: how effective is it to participate in them?" ~https://lfca.earth/strikes/~~ AHSJW Accessed 11/12/21 Climate change leads to extinction.Specktor 19 - Brandon Specktor writes about the science of everyday life for Live Science, and previously for Reader's Digest magazine, where he served as an editor for five years. He grew up in the Sonoran Desert, but believes Sonoran hot dogs are trying way too hard. "Human Civilization Will Crumble by 2050 If We Don't Stop Climate Change Now, New Paper Claims", Live Science, 06/04/21 ~https://www.livescience.com/65633-climate-change-dooms-humans-by-2050.html~~ Accessed 02/11/21 AHS AP Recut AHSJW Accessed 10/29/21 Imperialism StrikesRelations between the West and Russia are growing tense — political and military tensions are on the rise.Ham 18 - Peter van Ham December 2018 "Rising Tensions Between Policy Brief the West and Russia: What Role For Arms Control?" ~https://www.clingendael.org/sites/default/files/2018-12/PB_Arms_control.pdf~~ Worker strikes prevent wars from breaking out by promoting peace — Sweden proves.Hameed 13 - Fatimah Hameed, 22/02/2013 "Swedish workers protest, threaten general strike and mutiny to prevent war against Norway, 1905" ~https://nvdatabase.swarthmore.edu/content/swedish-workers-protest-threaten-general-strike-and-mutiny-prevent-war-against-norway-1905\~ AHSJW Accessed 10/28/21 Tensions can lead to nuclear war, which creates Ice Age and mass starvationSteven Starr 15. "Nuclear War: An Unrecognized Mass Extinction Event Waiting To Happen." Ratical. March 2015. https://ratical.org/radiation/NuclearExtinction/StevenStarr022815.html TG | 11/14/21 |
nd -- prison strikes acTournament: Tradition | Round: 4 | Opponent: Lake Highland Prep PS | Judge: Bravim, Luiz Role of the BallotDominant epistemologies prevent cost benefit analysis of policiesJackson 15 - Richard Jackson, professor of peace studies at The National Centre for Peace and Conflict Studies, in Critical Studies on Terrorism, Published online: 09 Apr 2015 "The epistemological crisis of counterterrorism" ~http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17539153.2015.1009762, Vol. 8, No. 1, 33–54~ Accessed 11/12/21 SAO Thus, The Role of the ballot is to vote for the debater who best adopts an attitude of epistemic disobedience to dominant security paradigms.Jackson 15 - Richard Jackson, professor of peace studies at The National Centre for Peace and Conflict Studies, in Critical Studies on Terrorism, 2015 "The epistemological crisis of counterterrorism" ~http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17539153.2015.1009762, Vol. 8, No. 1, 33–54~ SAO Prefer my ROB~1~ Judge Intervention: Dominant paradigms shape subconscious thoughtBargh 17 - John Bargh, professor of social psychology at Yale University, The Washington Post, November 22, 2017 "At Yale, we conducted an experiment to turn conservatives into liberals. The results say a lot about our political divisions." ~https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/inspired-life/wp/2017/11/22/at-yale-we-conducted-an-experiment-to-turn-conservatives-into-liberals-the-results-say-a-lot-about-our-political-divisions/?utm_term=.163c4d1d7be6~~ Accessed 4/24/18 SAO ~2~ Ethics: A focus on the contemporary effects of policymaking is a prerequisite to normative analysisHolleman 15 - Hannah Holleman, assistant professor of sociology at Amherst College, The Monthly Review, October 2015 "Method in Ecological Marxism" ~http://monthlyreview.org/2015/10/01/method-in-ecological-marxism/, accessed 10/12/16~ SAO Reject Theory Arguments~1~ Agonism: Notions of fairness in agonistic games are hopelessly vague and ideologically reinforce imperialismLee 17 - Jonathan Rey Lee, Analog Game Studies, March 20th, 2017 "CAPITALISM AND UNFAIRNESS IN CATAN: OIL SPRINGS" ~http://analoggamestudies.org/2017/03/capitalism-and-unfairness-in-catan-oil-springs/~~ Accessed 9/14/20 SAO ~2~ The aff is the interpretation. Solves ideological dogmatism and content exploration and turns every standardKoh 13 - Ben Koh, NSD Update, October 1st, 2013 "Breaking Down Borders: Rethinking the Interaction Between Theory and Ethics" ~http://nsdupdate.com/2013/breaking-down-borders-rethinking-the-interaction-between-theory-and-ethics/~~ Accessed 8/14/20 SAO SolvencyThe Plan: The US ought to recognize that prison workers in the US have the unconditional right to strike. The criminal justice system is inherently marginalizingLoubriel 16 - Jennifer Loubriel, Everyday Feminism, May 17, 2016 "Why Our Punitive Justice System Doesn't Work – And 3 Alternatives to Prisons" ~https://everydayfeminism.com/2016/05/punitive-justice-alternatives/~~ Accessed 2/11/18 SAO Contradicting official justifications for the erosion of rights affirms under my role of the ballot.Jackson 15 - Richard Jackson, professor of peace studies at The National Centre for Peace and Conflict Studies, in Critical Studies on Terrorism, 2015 "The epistemological crisis of counterterrorism" ~http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17539153.2015.1009762, Vol. 8, No. 1, 33–54~ SAO Prison strikes align prisoners with radical Black movements to test revolutionary political strategies against the state's necropolitics.Fox '20 ~Taylor Fox; a fourth-year in the College studying Political Science and Human Rights; 05-01-2020; "Freedom, Caged: A Foucauldian Inquiry into the National Prison Strike"; Bachelor's Thesis, University of Chicago; Advisor: Professor Reuben Miller; Preceptor: Alex Haskins; http://pozen.s3.amazonaws.com/system/ckeditor/attachments/435/Fox__Taylor_BA_Thesis_copy.pdf; Accessed 10-09-2021~ AK Recut SAO Pragmatic utopianism bolsters the criminal justice abolition movementRobinson 17 - Nathan Robinson, Author, Current Affairs, August 3rd 2017~"CAN PRISON ABOLITION EVER BE PRAGMATIC?" https://www.currentaffairs.org/2017/08/can-prison-abolition-ever-be-pragmatic~~ BHAJr Recut SAO 11/12/21
Cap ADVUS carceral practices fuel global capitalism. Methodological pluralism is key to combat it.Sudbury 4 - Julia Sudbury, Canada Research Council Chair in Social Justice, Equity and Diversity in social work at the University of Toronto, in the Journal Social Justice, 2004 "A World Without Prisons: Resisting Militarism, Globalized Punishment, and Empire" ~http://www.jstor.org/stable/pdf/29768237.pdf~~ Accessed 1/10/18 SAO Prison Workers specifically subsidize weapon productionNoah Shachtman, March 8th 2021, "Prisoners Help Build Patriot Missiles, ~https://www.wired.com/2011/03/prisoners-help-build-patriot-missiles/~~ swickleThis spring, the United Arab Emirates is expected to close a deal for $7 billion dollars' worth of American arms. Nearly half of the cash will be spent on Patriot missiles, which cost as much as $5.9 million apiece. But what makes those eye-popping sums even more shocking is that some of the workers manufacturing parts for those Patriot missiles are prisoners, earning as little as 23 cents an hour. (Credit Justin Rohrlich with the catch.) The work is done by Unicor, previously known as Federal Prison Industries. It's a government-owned corporation, established during the Depression, that employs about 20,000 inmates in 70 prisons to make everything from clothing to office furniture to solar panels to military electronics. One of the company's high-tech specialties: Patriot missile parts. "UNICOR/FPI supplies numerous electronic components and services for guided missiles, including the Patriot Advanced Capability (PAC-3) missile," Unicor's website explains. "We assemble and distribute the Intermediate Frequency Processor (IFP) for the PAC-3s seeker. The IFP receives and filters radio-frequency signals that guide the missile toward its target." The missiles are then marketed worldwide — sometimes by Washington's top officials. Last year, Secretary of Defense Robert Gates pitched the Patriots to the Turkish government last year, a diplomatic cable released by WikiLeaks reveals: "SecDef stressed that 'nothing can compete with the PAC-3 when it comes to capabilities.'" Patriot assemblers Raytheon and Lockheed Martin aren't the only defense contractors relying on prison help. As Rohrlich notes, Unicor "inmates also make cable assemblies for the McDonnell Douglas/Boeing F-15, the General Dynamics/Lockheed Martin F-16, Bell/Textron's Cobra helicopter, as well as electro-optical equipment for the BAE Systems Bradley Fighting Vehicle's laser rangefinder." Unicor used to make helmets for the military, as well. But that work was suspended when 44,000 helmets were recalled for shoddy quality. Government agencies — with the exception of the Defense Department and the CIA — are required to buy goods from Unicor, according to a Congressional Research Service report (.pdf). And no wonder: the labor costs are bordering on zero. "Inmates earn from $0.23 per hour up to a maximum of $1.15 per hour, depending on their proficiency and educational level, among other things," the report notes. Last year, Unicor grossed $772 million, according to its most recent financial report (.pdf). Traditionally, inmate salaries make up about five percent of that total. Unicor insists that the deal is a good one for inmates — and for the government. The manufacturing work offers a chance for job training, which "improves the likelihood that inmates will remain crime-free upon their release," the company says in its report. (Some reports suggest that Unicor prisoners are as much as 24 less likely to return to crime.) The work also keeps the inmates in check, Unicor insists. "In the face of an escalating inmate population and an increasing percentage of inmates with histories of violence, FPI's programs have helped ease tension and avert volatile situations, thereby protecting lives and federal property," the company says. "Prisons without meaningful activities for inmates are dangerous prisons, and dangerous prisons are expensive prisons." Prison labor strike action unsettles the carceral state spilling up to larger movements and demystifying the prison.Fox '20 ~Taylor Fox; a fourth-year in the College studying Political Science and Human Rights; 05-01-2020; "Freedom, Caged: A Foucauldian Inquiry into the National Prison Strike"; Bachelor's Thesis, University of Chicago; Advisor: Professor Reuben Miller; Preceptor: Alex Haskins; http://pozen.s3.amazonaws.com/system/ckeditor/attachments/435/Fox__Taylor_BA_Thesis_copy.pdf; Accessed 10-09-2021~ AK – Recut SAO Eliminating the prison industrial complex is critical to challenging global predatory capitalismMartinot 15 - Steve Martinot, Journal of the Research Group on Socialism and Democracy, November 14th 2015 "Toward the Abolition of the Prison System" ~http://sdonline.org/66/toward-the-abolition-of-the-prison-system/~~ Accessed 1/10/18 SAO Capitalism is the root of all impacts. It's try or die to avoid global extinctionFoster 19 - John Bellamy Foster, Monthly Review, February 1st, 2019 "Capitalism Has Failed—What Next?" ~https://monthlyreview.org/2019/02/01/capitalism-has-failed-what-next/~~ Accessed 11/19/19 SAO Reject Turns - Capitalist literature production is strongly incentivized, and politically agenda basedMorley 15 - Louise Morley, Center for Higher Education and Equity Research @ University of Sussex, in Journal of Education Policy (2016), Published online: 13 Jul 2015 ~"Troubling intra-actions: gender, neo-liberalism and research in the global academy", http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/02680939.2015.1062919, 10-4-2017~ AR Recut SAO 9/29/21 Corporate capitalists filter what we learn through search enginesHedges 18 - Chris Hedges, Truth Dig, "Thought Police for the 21st Century" January 21st, 2018 ~https://www.truthdig.com/articles/thought-police-21st-century/~~ Accessed 4/24/18 SAO | 11/14/21 |
nd -- prison strikes ac v2Tournament: Tradition | Round: Quarters | Opponent: Lake Highland Prep AC | Judge: Anania, Alex Curry, Ausha Bravim, Luiz Reject Theory Arguments~1~ Agonism: Notions of fairness in agonistic games are hopelessly vague and ideologically reinforce imperialismLee 17 - Jonathan Rey Lee, Analog Game Studies, March 20th, 2017 "CAPITALISM AND UNFAIRNESS IN CATAN: OIL SPRINGS" ~http://analoggamestudies.org/2017/03/capitalism-and-unfairness-in-catan-oil-springs/~~ Accessed 9/14/20 SAO ~2~ The aff is the interpretation. Solves ideological dogmatism and content exploration and turns every standardKoh 13 - Ben Koh, NSD Update, October 1st, 2013 "Breaking Down Borders: Rethinking the Interaction Between Theory and Ethics" ~http://nsdupdate.com/2013/breaking-down-borders-rethinking-the-interaction-between-theory-and-ethics/~~ Accessed 8/14/20 SAO SolvencyThe Plan: A Just United States ought to recognize that prison workers in the US have the unconditional right to strike. The criminal justice system is inherently marginalizingLoubriel 16 - Jennifer Loubriel, Everyday Feminism, May 17, 2016 "Why Our Punitive Justice System Doesn't Work – And 3 Alternatives to Prisons" ~https://everydayfeminism.com/2016/05/punitive-justice-alternatives/~~ Accessed 2/11/18 SAO Prison strikes align prisoners with radical Black movements to test revolutionary political strategies against the state's necropolitics.Fox '20 ~Taylor Fox; a fourth-year in the College studying Political Science and Human Rights; 05-01-2020; "Freedom, Caged: A Foucauldian Inquiry into the National Prison Strike"; Bachelor's Thesis, University of Chicago; Advisor: Professor Reuben Miller; Preceptor: Alex Haskins; http://pozen.s3.amazonaws.com/system/ckeditor/attachments/435/Fox__Taylor_BA_Thesis_copy.pdf; Accessed 10-09-2021~ AK Recut SAO Pragmatic utopianism bolsters the criminal justice abolition movementRobinson 17 - Nathan Robinson, Author, Current Affairs, August 3rd 2017~"CAN PRISON ABOLITION EVER BE PRAGMATIC?" https://www.currentaffairs.org/2017/08/can-prison-abolition-ever-be-pragmatic~~ BHAJr Recut SAO 11/12/21
Cap ADVUS carceral practices fuel global capitalism. Methodological pluralism is key to combat it.Sudbury 4 - Julia Sudbury, Canada Research Council Chair in Social Justice, Equity and Diversity in social work at the University of Toronto, in the Journal Social Justice, 2004 "A World Without Prisons: Resisting Militarism, Globalized Punishment, and Empire" ~http://www.jstor.org/stable/pdf/29768237.pdf~~ Accessed 1/10/18 SAO Prison Workers specifically subsidize weapon productionNoah Shachtman, March 8th 2021, "Prisoners Help Build Patriot Missiles, ~https://www.wired.com/2011/03/prisoners-help-build-patriot-missiles/~~ swickleThis spring, the United Arab Emirates is expected to close a deal for $7 billion dollars' worth of American arms. Nearly half of the cash will be spent on Patriot missiles, which cost as much as $5.9 million apiece. But what makes those eye-popping sums even more shocking is that some of the workers manufacturing parts for those Patriot missiles are prisoners, earning as little as 23 cents an hour. (Credit Justin Rohrlich with the catch.) The work is done by Unicor, previously known as Federal Prison Industries. It's a government-owned corporation, established during the Depression, that employs about 20,000 inmates in 70 prisons to make everything from clothing to office furniture to solar panels to military electronics. One of the company's high-tech specialties: Patriot missile parts. "UNICOR/FPI supplies numerous electronic components and services for guided missiles, including the Patriot Advanced Capability (PAC-3) missile," Unicor's website explains. "We assemble and distribute the Intermediate Frequency Processor (IFP) for the PAC-3s seeker. The IFP receives and filters radio-frequency signals that guide the missile toward its target." The missiles are then marketed worldwide — sometimes by Washington's top officials. Last year, Secretary of Defense Robert Gates pitched the Patriots to the Turkish government last year, a diplomatic cable released by WikiLeaks reveals: "SecDef stressed that 'nothing can compete with the PAC-3 when it comes to capabilities.'" Patriot assemblers Raytheon and Lockheed Martin aren't the only defense contractors relying on prison help. As Rohrlich notes, Unicor "inmates also make cable assemblies for the McDonnell Douglas/Boeing F-15, the General Dynamics/Lockheed Martin F-16, Bell/Textron's Cobra helicopter, as well as electro-optical equipment for the BAE Systems Bradley Fighting Vehicle's laser rangefinder." Unicor used to make helmets for the military, as well. But that work was suspended when 44,000 helmets were recalled for shoddy quality. Government agencies — with the exception of the Defense Department and the CIA — are required to buy goods from Unicor, according to a Congressional Research Service report (.pdf). And no wonder: the labor costs are bordering on zero. "Inmates earn from $0.23 per hour up to a maximum of $1.15 per hour, depending on their proficiency and educational level, among other things," the report notes. Last year, Unicor grossed $772 million, according to its most recent financial report (.pdf). Traditionally, inmate salaries make up about five percent of that total. Unicor insists that the deal is a good one for inmates — and for the government. The manufacturing work offers a chance for job training, which "improves the likelihood that inmates will remain crime-free upon their release," the company says in its report. (Some reports suggest that Unicor prisoners are as much as 24 less likely to return to crime.) The work also keeps the inmates in check, Unicor insists. "In the face of an escalating inmate population and an increasing percentage of inmates with histories of violence, FPI's programs have helped ease tension and avert volatile situations, thereby protecting lives and federal property," the company says. "Prisons without meaningful activities for inmates are dangerous prisons, and dangerous prisons are expensive prisons." Prison labor strike action unsettles the carceral state spilling up to larger movements and demystifying the prison.Fox '20 ~Taylor Fox; a fourth-year in the College studying Political Science and Human Rights; 05-01-2020; "Freedom, Caged: A Foucauldian Inquiry into the National Prison Strike"; Bachelor's Thesis, University of Chicago; Advisor: Professor Reuben Miller; Preceptor: Alex Haskins; http://pozen.s3.amazonaws.com/system/ckeditor/attachments/435/Fox__Taylor_BA_Thesis_copy.pdf; Accessed 10-09-2021~ AK – Recut SAO Eliminating the prison industrial complex is critical to challenging global predatory capitalismMartinot 15 - Steve Martinot, Journal of the Research Group on Socialism and Democracy, November 14th 2015 "Toward the Abolition of the Prison System" ~http://sdonline.org/66/toward-the-abolition-of-the-prison-system/~~ Accessed 1/10/18 SAO Capitalism is the root of all impacts. It's try or die to avoid global extinctionFoster 19 - John Bellamy Foster, Monthly Review, February 1st, 2019 "Capitalism Has Failed—What Next?" ~https://monthlyreview.org/2019/02/01/capitalism-has-failed-what-next/~~ Accessed 11/19/19 SAO | 11/16/21 |
so -- ethical reciprocity affTournament: Mid America CupValley | Round: 1 | Opponent: Lexington AG | Judge: Robinson, Tajaih Conquest ACEthical Reciprocity ACThe role of the ballot is to use the flow to identify and vote for the debater who performativity decolonizes debates about medicinal patents. This means form-level offense comes first and precludes theoryDunford 17 - Robin Dunford, University of Brighton, Journal of Global Ethics, September 21st 2017 "Toward a decolonial global ethics" ~https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/17449626.2017.1373140~~ Accessed 10/1/20 SAO Prefer my Role of the ballot~1~ Representations and form first a. Our approach to the world determines our material actions which means it controls the IL to policy change b. It ensures reflexivityCurbishley 15 - Liddy Scarlet Curbishley student Masters of Humanities in Gender Studies August 2015 "Destabilizing the Colonization of Indigenous Knowledge In the Case of Biopiracy" ~https://dspace.library.uu.nl/bitstream/handle/1874/319612/Liddy20Thesis.pdf~~ Accessed 8/13/21 SAO ~2~ Survival: Centering indigenous scholarship is an irreducible survival strategyReddy 18 - Sujani K. Reddy, Abolition: A Journal of Insurgent Politics (2018)"We Don't Need No Education: Deschooling as an Abolitionist Practice" ~ISSN 2642-9268 (Online) | ISSN 2642-925X (Print)~ Accessed 8/17/19 SAO ~3~ Resolvability: Truth testing can't generate normative obligationsKienpointner 96 – M. Kienpointner in the Journal Argumentation, November 1996 "Whorf and Wittgenstein. Language, world view and argumentation" ~https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/BF00142980~~ Accessed 9/18/19 SAO ~4~ Subversion: We manipulate the academy into making space for minoritarian thoughtPaperson 17 - la paperson, June 1, 2017 also known as K. Wayne Yang, an associate professor of ethnic studies at the University of California, San Diego "A Third University is Possible" ~https://manifold.umn.edu/read/a-third-university-is-possible/section/884701be-04f4-4564-939d-d9905d0e80d9~~#cvi~~ Accessed 3/8/18 SAO ~5~ Solidarity: Our advocacy solves battle fatigueBrady 17 - Janelle Brady, University of Toronto, Canadian Journal for New Scholars in Education, May 29th, 2017 "Education for whom? Exploring systems of oppression and domination" ~https://journalhosting.ucalgary.ca/index.php/cjnse/article/view/30801~~ Accessed 8/28/19 SAO brackets in original text ~6~ Performativity: They presuppose that their epistemology will be valued which means contestation proves our role of the ballot is a prerequisite to all evaluation-~7~ Epistemology: Our role of the ballot answers a metaethical question that precedes normative framing. Refusing all epistemic hegemony is a prerequisite to cognitive deliberation and a lack of hierarchies across normative structures means I get permutations.Poppe 16 - R.C Poppe, Utrecht University Repository, 2016 "APPLYING DECOLONIAL PERSPECTIVES TO CLIMATE ETHICS" ~https://dspace.library.uu.nl/handle/1874/334548~~ Accessed 10/9/19 SAO ~8~ Magnitude: Extractive colonial relations cause extinctionHelland and Lindgren 16 - Leonardo E. Figueroa Helland and Tim Lindgren Westminster College in the JOURNAL OF WORLD-SYSTEMS RESEARCH, 2016 "What Goes Around Comes Around: From The Coloniality of Power to the Crisis of Civilization" ~http://jwsr.pitt.edu/ojs/index.php/jwsr/article/view/631/831~~ Accessed 8/28/19 SAO And: Theory is violent and should be rejected.~1~ Appeals to a neutral educational meritocracy buy into a universalist fiction that sanctions racialized violenceBrady 2 - Janelle Brady, University of Toronto, Canadian Journal for New Scholars in Education, May 29th, 2017 "Education for whom? Exploring systems of oppression and domination" ~https://journalhosting.ucalgary.ca/index.php/cjnse/article/view/30801~~ Accessed 8/28/19 SAO ~2~ Notions of fairness in agonistic games are hopelessly vague and ideologically reinforce conquestLee 17 - Jonathan Rey Lee, Analog Game Studies, March 20th, 2017 "CAPITALISM AND UNFAIRNESS IN CATAN: OIL SPRINGS" ~http://analoggamestudies.org/2017/03/capitalism-and-unfairness-in-catan-oil-springs/~~ Accessed 9/14/20 SAO ~3~ We can cross apply the aff to theory. Solves ideological dogmatism and content exploration and turns every standardKoh 13 - Ben Koh, NSD Update, October 1st, 2013 "Breaking Down Borders: Rethinking the Interaction Between Theory and Ethics" ~http://nsdupdate.com/2013/breaking-down-borders-rethinking-the-interaction-between-theory-and-ethics/~~ Accessed 8/14/20 SAO OffenseAdvocacy text: Ill defend that the member nations of the World Trade Organization ought to reduce intellectual property protections for medicines. I am not role playing the state, just stating the current state of affairs is unethical.That affirms~1~ Patents on medicine create a hierarchy of cultural practicesCurbishley 15 - Liddy Scarlet Curbishley student Masters of Humanities in Gender Studies August 2015 "Destabilizing the Colonization of Indigenous Knowledge In the Case of Biopiracy" ~https://dspace.library.uu.nl/bitstream/handle/1874/319612/Liddy20Thesis.pdf~~ Accessed 8/13/21 SAO | 9/25/21 |
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