| Tournament | Round | Opponent | Judge | Cites | Round Report | Open Source | Edit/Delete |
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| Loyola Invitational | 3 | OA Independent DM | Joshua Michael |
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| Loyola Invitational | 1 | Plano East NG | Truman Le |
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| Loyola Invitational | 5 | Bishops AC | Danielle Dosch |
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| UK | 2 | Dougherty Valley TM | Emmiee Malyugina |
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| UK | 4 | Mountain View EN | Immanuel Victor |
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| UK | 6 | Westwood AD | Gordon Krauss |
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| UK | Quarters | Carmel CSu | Rachel Mauchline, Sam Anderson, Remington Roy |
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| UK | Semis | OA Independent VM | Joseph Barquin, Immanuel Victor, Saketh Kotapati |
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| Tournament | Round | Report |
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| Loyola Invitational | 3 | Opponent: OA Independent DM | Judge: Joshua Michael 1AC - Vax |
| Loyola Invitational | 1 | Opponent: Plano East NG | Judge: Truman Le 1AC - Innovation |
| Loyola Invitational | 5 | Opponent: Bishops AC | Judge: Danielle Dosch 1AC - Vax |
| UK | 2 | Opponent: Dougherty Valley TM | Judge: Emmiee Malyugina 1AC - Evergreening |
| UK | 4 | Opponent: Mountain View EN | Judge: Immanuel Victor 1AC - Evergreening |
| UK | 6 | Opponent: Westwood AD | Judge: Gordon Krauss 1AC - Biocolonialism |
| UK | Quarters | Opponent: Carmel CSu | Judge: Rachel Mauchline, Sam Anderson, Remington Roy 1AC - Info Capitalism |
| UK | Semis | Opponent: OA Independent VM | Judge: Joseph Barquin, Immanuel Victor, Saketh Kotapati 1AC - COVID Vax |
To modify or delete round reports, edit the associated round.
Cites
| Entry | Date |
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0 - Contact InfoTournament: x | Round: 1 | Opponent: x | Judge: x | 9/3/21 |
0 - NavigationTournament: x | Round: 1 | Opponent: x | Judge: x | 9/3/21 |
0 - Note - Content WarningsTournament: x | Round: 1 | Opponent: x | Judge: x | 9/3/21 |
1 - Disclosure InterpsTournament: x | Round: 1 | Opponent: x | Judge: x Interpretation: Debaters must create a separate citation for each constructive position on their 2021-22 NDCA LD wiki page. To clarify, you can't make cite entries labelled by round like "R1 Yale NC" or put multiple under one heading. Interp: For each position on their corresponding 2021-22 NDCA LD wiki page, debaters must disclose a summary of each analytic argument in their cases. To clarify – you don’t have to include the full text of each, you just have to substitute them with a few words that summarize the thesis of the argument i.e. ‘actor specificity’ rather than ‘analytic’. Interpretation: Debaters must disclose all constructive positions in cite boxes on the 2021-22 NDCA LD wiki. To clarify, they can’t put “see open source.” Interpretation: If debaters disclose full text, they must not post the full text of the cards in the cite box, but must upload an open source document with the full text of their cards. To clarify, you don’t have to disclose highlighting or underlining, you just need an open source document with minimally the full, un-underlined text of cards Interp: Debaters must disclose round reports on the 2021-22 NDCA LD wiki for every round they have debated this season. Round reports disclose which positions (AC, NC, K, T, Theory, etc.) were read/gone for in 2NR. Interp – debaters must disclose all cards read on case on open source with highlighting on the 2021-22 NDCA LD wiki after the round in which they read them and before the next round they debate. | 9/3/21 |
1 - Extra TTournament: UK | Round: Quarters | Opponent: Carmel CSu | Judge: Rachel Mauchline, Sam Anderson, Remington Roy 5Extra tInterp: The 1AC must only garner offense off the hypothetical enactment of the resolution.Violation: They said in CX they gain offense off of reading the affVote neg for limits and ground — a~ infinte possible planks they could tack on to get out of neg args means we're never prepared to engage — pre round prep controls the internal link to fairness and advocacy skills b~ ground - they can pick something unnegatably good like "and end racism" that makes it impossible to negate against.Drop the debater –a) they have a 7-6 rebuttal advantage and the 2ar to make args I can’t respond to,b) it deters future abuse and sets a positive norm.Use competing interps –a) reasonability invites arbitrary judge intervention since we don’t know your bs meter,b) collapses to competing interps – we justify 2 brightlines under an offense defense paradigm just like 2 interps.No RVIs –a) illogical – you shouldn’t win for being fair – it’s a litmus test for engaging in substance,b) norming – I can’t concede the counterinterp if I realize I’m wrong which forces me to argue for bad norms,c) baiting – incentivizes good debaters to be abusive, bait theory, then collapse to the 1AR RVI,d) topic ed – prevents 1AR blipstorm scripts and allows us to get back to substance after resolving theoryEvaluate disclosure before 1AR theory – a) scope of norming – it affects more round across more topics, b) magnitude – the aff advocacy and disclosure affects a larger portion of the debate since it determines every speech after it and pre round neg prep | 9/13/21 |
1 - New Affs BadTournament: Loyola Invitational | Round: 1 | Opponent: Plano East NG | Judge: Truman Le Violation—they didn’t | 9/5/21 |
3 - ROB - ConsequencesTournament: UK | Round: 6 | Opponent: Westwood AD | Judge: Gordon Krauss ROB1~ Extinction forecloses possibility of future improvement and causes mass suffering and irreversible and death to every person on the planet—even if they think life isn’t valuable, they shouldn’t get to make that choice for billions who find value in the world.2~ It doesn’t matter how could your ideology or intentions are if you use that for violence. Ideology and discourse is only good insofar as resolves material violence.3~ Apocalyptic images challenge dominant power structures – they contest the implausibility of inequitable structures producing catastrophe and generate imagination of futures of social justice outside of current narrativesJessica Hurley 17, Assistant Professor in the Humanities at the University of Chicago, "Impossible Futures: Fictions of Risk in the Longue Durée", Duke University Press, https://read.dukeupress.edu/american-literature/article/89/4/761/132823/Impossible-Futures-Fictions-of-Risk-in-the-Longue AND of the world. Just wait long enough. Stranger things will happen.¶ Consequences Matter1~ The role of the ballot is to determine if the aff’s a good idea—anything else is self-serving, arbitrary and begs the question of the rest of the debate. Evaluate consequencesChristopher A. Bracey 6, Associate Professor of Law, Associate Professor of African and African American Studies, Washington University in St. Louis, September, Southern California Law Review, 79 S. Cal. L. Rev. 1231, p. 1318 AND ideological exchange, which further exacerbates hostilities and deepens the cycle of resentment. 2~ Holistic paradigm bad – infinite reps and no stable basis | 9/12/21 |
3 - ROB - Consequences v2Tournament: UK | Round: Quarters | Opponent: Carmel CSu | Judge: Rachel Mauchline, Sam Anderson, Remington Roy 1ROB1~ The role of the ballot is to determine if the aff’s a good idea—anything else is self-serving, arbitrary and begs the question of the rest of the debate. Evaluate consequencesChristopher A. Bracey 6, Associate Professor of Law, Associate Professor of African and African American Studies, Washington University in St. Louis, September, Southern California Law Review, 79 S. Cal. L. Rev. 1231, p. 1318 AND ideological exchange, which further exacerbates hostilities and deepens the cycle of resentment. 2~ There are infinite epistemologies the aff can tack on that uniquely brackets out neg offense and I can’t prepare for, which controls the internal link to engagement in their discourse3~ Extinction forecloses possibility of future improvement and causes mass suffering and irreversible and death to every person on the planet—even if they think life isn’t valuable, they shouldn’t get to make that choice for billions who find value in the world.4~ Reps — It doesn’t matter how could your ideology or intentions are if you use that for violence—Ideology and discourse is only good insofar as resolves material violence.5~ Apocalyptic images challenge dominant power structures – they contest the implausibility of inequitable structures producing catastrophe and generate imagination of futures of social justice outside of current narrativesJessica Hurley 17, Assistant Professor in the Humanities at the University of Chicago, "Impossible Futures: Fictions of Risk in the Longue Durée", Duke University Press, https://read.dukeupress.edu/american-literature/article/89/4/761/132823/Impossible-Futures-Fictions-of-Risk-in-the-Longue AND of the world. Just wait long enough. Stranger things will happen.¶ 6~ Assuming there’s a universal truth about international relations is homogenizing and erases difference. Winning overarching general claims about the world is irrelevant if that can’t contextualize it to the specificity of our scenarios.Browning and McDonald 13 (Christopher S., University of Queensland, c/o Political Science and International Studies and Matt, University of Queensland, "The future of critical security studies: Ethics and the politics of security," European Journal of International Relations, Vol. 19, No. 2, pg. 248-251) AND - cal contexts in which security is constructed and practised in global politics. | 9/13/21 |
SO - CP - Compulsory Licensing v1Tournament: Loyola Invitational | Round: 1 | Opponent: Plano East NG | Judge: Truman Le CP – Compulsory LicensingCP: Member nations of the WTO" a national emergency on the basis of superbugs and innovation loss and issue compulsory licenses for relevant medicines. Member nations should offer regulatory and legal assistance to nations filing a compulsory license.The national emergency declaration matters because normally invocation of compulsory licenses requires an attempt to negotiate a voluntary license first. Invoking national emergency bypasses this AND can import it from others who have CL. Means multiple actors is key Compulsory licensing solves access- empirics and past precedentAT: Can’t manufacture—can import from foreign firms AND of compulsory licences as leverage in drug price negotiations with pharmaceutical companies.298 It’s goldilocks - protects patents while allowing urgent access – the perm or the aff shatters IP protections which crushes innovation while the CP strikes an accepted balanceBacchus 2020 (James, Adjunct Fellow, Cato Institute, former U.S. Representative (D-FL), and former Chairman, World Trade Organization’s Appellate Body. "An Unnecessary Proposal: A WTO Waiver of Intellectual Property Rights for COVID-19 Vaccines," Cato https://www.cato.org/free-trade-bulletin/unnecessary-proposal-wto-waiver-intellectual-property-rights-covid-19-vaccines~~#balancing-ip-rights-access-medicines-not-new-wto December 16, 2020)DR 21 AND balance in these rules between upholding IP rights and fulfilling immediate domestic needs. | 9/5/21 |
SO - CP - Compulsory Licensing v2Tournament: Loyola Invitational | Round: 3 | Opponent: OA Independent DM | Judge: Joshua Michael 3CP Compulsory LicensingCP: Member nations of the WTO should declare the COVID-19 pandemic a national emergency on the basis public health crisis and issue compulsory licenses for relevant medicines. Member nations should offer regulatory and legal assistance to nations filing a compulsory license.The United States federal government should:- substantially increase production and global distribution of the COVID-19 Vaccine- cooperate with allies to achieve increased production and global distribution of the COVID-19 Vaccine.The national emergency declaration matters because normally invocation of compulsory licenses requires an attempt to negotiate a voluntary license first. Invoking national emergency bypasses this AND can import it from others who have CL. Means multiple actors is key It’s goldilocks - protects patents while allowing urgent access – the perm or the aff shatters IP protections while the CP strikes an accepted balanceBacchus 2020 (James, Adjunct Fellow, Cato Institute, former U.S. Representative (D-FL), and former Chairman, World Trade Organization’s Appellate Body. "An Unnecessary Proposal: A WTO Waiver of Intellectual Property Rights for COVID-19 Vaccines," Cato https://www.cato.org/free-trade-bulletin/unnecessary-proposal-wto-waiver-intellectual-property-rights-covid-19-vaccines~~#balancing-ip-rights-access-medicines-not-new-wto December 16, 2020)DR 21 AND balance in these rules between upholding IP rights and fulfilling immediate domestic needs. Compulsory licensing solves access and spills over to distribution of green tech - empirics and past precedentAT: Can’t manufacture—can import from foreign firms AND in accordance with the relevant rules set forth in the TRIPS Agreement.311 Diffusion occurs and solves climate. The issue is inexperience and lack of political willAt: WTO backlash- CL for climate now, just from U.S. AND country like India does not have much capability in climate change mitigation technologies. Balancing patent protection with rapid transfer of green tech is the only way to solve climate changeProbst et al. 2021 (Benedict Probst, University of Cambridge. PhD on economics of clean energy transition from the University of Cambridge. Simon Touboul, MINES Paris Tech, PSL University, Matthieu Glachant MINES ParisTech and Antoine Dechezleprête, OECD. "Global Trends in the Innovation and Diffusion of Climate Change Mitigation Technologies," pre-print under review in Nature Portfolio. https://www.researchsquare.com/article/rs-266803/v1 Last updated Feb. 2021)DR 21 AND Africa, Brazil, and Russia – is critical to mitigating climate change. | 9/4/21 |
SO - CP - Compulsory Licensing v3Tournament: Loyola Invitational | Round: 5 | Opponent: Bishops AC | Judge: Danielle Dosch 4CP: The United States of America should declare covid a national emergency on the basis of the pandemic and issue compulsory licenses for COVID-19 vaccines. Member nations should offer regulatory and legal assistance to nations filing a compulsory license.Compulsory licensing solves access- empirics and past precedentZhuang 2017 (Wei, PhD from the University of Geneva, is currently an associate in the Geneva Office of Van Bael and Bellis. She assists governments in WTO dispute settlement proceedings and advises companies and governments in trade remedy investigations. Prior to joining Van Bael and Bellis, Wei worked in the Legal Affairs Division of the WTO as part of a Secretariat Team on a trade remedy dispute from beginning to end. In addition, she assisted the WTO Secretariat Team in an IP-related dispute, including by contributing to the preliminary rulings. Wei has also gained practical experience as a legal consultant at the United Nations (2010 – 2011), as a legal intern at the International Tribunal for the Law of the Sea (2009) and as an associate judicial officer at the Commission for Discipline Inspection (Muchuan Branch) in China. Wei was also a Marie Curie Fellow with the DISSETTLE (Dispute Settlement in Trade: Training in Law and Economics) Programme; a Visiting Fellow at the Lauterpacht Centre for International Law, University of Cambridge, and a Research Fellow at the Max Planck Institute for IP and Competition Law. Interpreting Patent-Related Flexibilities in the TRIIPS Agreement for Facilitating Innovation and Transfer of ESTs, chapter 6 of Intellectual Property Rights and Climate Change Cambridge University Press Pg. 298-304)DR 21 AND of compulsory licences as leverage in drug price negotiations with pharmaceutical companies.298 It’s goldilocks - protects patents while allowing urgent access – the perm or the aff shatters IP protections which crushes innovation while the CP strikes an accepted balanceBacchus 2020 (James, Adjunct Fellow, Cato Institute, former U.S. Representative (D-FL), and former Chairman, World Trade Organization’s Appellate Body. "An Unnecessary Proposal: A WTO Waiver of Intellectual Property Rights for COVID-19 Vaccines," Cato https://www.cato.org/free-trade-bulletin/unnecessary-proposal-wto-waiver-intellectual-property-rights-covid-19-vaccines~~#balancing-ip-rights-access-medicines-not-new-wto December 16, 2020)DR 21 AND balance in these rules between upholding IP rights and fulfilling immediate domestic needs. Biotech industry strong now – new innovation and RandD comingCancherini et al. 4/30 ~Laura, Engagement Manager @ McKinsey and Company, Joseph Lydon, Associate Partner @ McKinsey and Company, Jorge Santos Da Silva, Senior Partner at McKinsey and Company, and Alexandra Zemp, Partner at McKinsey and Company~ "What’s ahead for biotech: Another wave or low tide?", McKinsey and Company, 4-30-2021, https://www.mckinsey.com/industries/pharmaceuticals-and-medical-products/our-insights/whats-ahead-for-biotech-another-wave-or-low-tide ajs AND as multi-omics tailored diets) to a multitude of health applications. COVID exceptions erode IP policies broadly – plus their Jecker card spots us spilloverPRMA 21 The Pharmaceutical Research and Manufacturers of America SPECIAL 301 SUBMISSION 2021 https://phrma.org/-/media/Project/PhRMA/PhRMA-Org/PhRMA-Org/PDF/P-R/PhRMA'2021-Special-301'Review'Comment-1.pdf SM AND pandemic, and will inevitably affect IP discussions in countries around the world. Undermines RandD and innovationMercurio 2/12 (Bryan Mercurio, ~Simon F.S. Li Professor of Law at the Chinese University of Hong Kong (CUHK), having served as Associate Dean (Research) from 2010-14 and again from 2017-19. Professor Mercurio specialises in international economic law (IEL), with particular expertise in the intersection between trade law and intellectual property rights, free trade agreements, trade in services, dispute settlement and increasingly international investment law.~, 2-12-2021, "WTO Waiver from Intellectual Property Protection for COVID-19 Vaccines and Treatments: A Critical Review", No Publication, accessed: 8-8-2021, https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract'id=3789820) ajs
AND jeopardy only in exchange for what is at best short-term benefits. Biopharmaceutical innovation is key to prevent future pandemics and bioterror – turns caseMarjanovic and Feijao 20 ~(Sonja Marjanovic, Ph.D., Judge Business School, University of Cambridge. Carolina Feijao, Ph.D. in biochemistry, University of Cambridge; M.Sc. in quantitative biology, Imperial College London; B.Sc. in biology, University of Lisbon.) "How to Best Enable Pharma Innovation Beyond the COVID-19 Crisis," RAND Corporation, 05-2020, https://www.rand.org/pubs/perspectives/PEA407-1.html~~ TDI AND such public health threats to an even greater extent under improved innovation conditions. COVID incentivizes engineered bioterror- extinctionWalsh, 20 — Axios Future correspondent ~Bryan Walsh, "The coronavirus pandemic reawakens bioweapon fears," Axios, 5-14-2020, https://www.axios.com/coronavirus-pandemic-pathogen-bioweapon-45417c86-52aa-41b1-8a99-44a6e597d3a8.html, accessed 9-7-2020~ AND could potentially make a dangerous engineered virus, whether deliberately or by accident. 1AR theory is skewed towards the aff – a) the 2NR must cover substance and over-cover theory, since they get the collapse and persuasive spin advantage of the 3min 2AR, b) their responses to my counter interp will be new, which means 1AR theory necessitates intervention. Implications – a) reject 1AR theory since it can’t be a legitimate check for abuse, b) drop the arg to minimize the chance the round is decided unfairly, c) use reasonability with a bar of defense or the aff always wins since the 2AR can line by line the whole 2NR without winning real abuse | 9/5/21 |
SO - CP - Distribution v1Tournament: Loyola Invitational | Round: 5 | Opponent: Bishops AC | Judge: Danielle Dosch 5The United States federal government should:- substantially increase production and global distribution of the COVID-19 Vaccine- cooperate with allies to achieve increased production and global distribution of the COVID-19 Vaccine.That solves better – IP rights don’t hinder vaccine cooperation, but manufacturing capacity is the current constraint.Hans Sauer 6-17 ~(Deputy General Counsel, Biotechnology Industry Organization.) "Web event — Confronting Joe Biden’s proposed TRIPS waiver for COVID-19 vaccines and treatments" https://www.aei.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/06/210617-Confronting-Joe-Bidens-proposed-TRIPS-waiver.pdf?x91208andx91208~~ TDI AND governments to stop export controls and to dedicate themselves to more global equity. | 9/5/21 |
SO - CP - Future PandemicsTournament: Loyola Invitational | Round: 5 | Opponent: Bishops AC | Judge: Danielle Dosch 3CP: During the next national public health emergency, the United States of America ought to reduce intellectual property protections for relevant medicines. The plan’s implemented through a TRIPS waiver for the US.No solvency deficit – they didn’t read a Covid existential impact, and there’s no reason setting the precedent now vs next time is key. | 9/5/21 |
SO - CP - ICJ v1Tournament: UK | Round: 2 | Opponent: Dougherty Valley TM | Judge: Emmiee Malyugina 3CJ CPCP: The United Nations General Assembly should request an advisory opinion with binding force stating that ~WTO member nations’~ intellectual property protections for ~medicines~ violate international law, and pass a concurrent resolution that non-compliance with the International Court of Justice’s opinion constitutes an enforceable violation of Charter obligations.The United Nations International Court of Justice should convene and, if a dispute is present, issue a binding advisory opinion that the ~WTO member nations~ not implementing the above ruling are in violation of United Nations Charter obligations.The ICJ has jurisdiction over IPR – international treaties proveVenkatachalam 21 ~Manasa, B.A. LL.B. (law degree) at Gujarat National Law University in India~ "No Rocket Science!: Outer Space, Intellectual Property Rights, and the International Court of Justice," Volkerrechtsblog, April 15, 2021, https://voelkerrechtsblog.org/no-rocket-science/ TG AND of approaching the ICJ for every IPR violation in outer space is questionable. It’s key to harmonizing international IPR – solves the affAskew 2k ~Lee Ann, JD May 2000~ "ECJ, the ICJ and Intellectual Property: Is Harmonization the Key," Tulsa Journal of Comparative and International Law, Vol 7 Iss 2, 3-1-2000, https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/232678481.pdf TG AND a model which organizations, agencies and courts can follow in the future. ICJ legitimacy is key to global multilateralism and cooperationKorneliou 18 ~Kornelios, Permanent Representative of Cyprus and Vice-President of the 73rd Session of the UN General assembly~, "Report of the International Court of Justice," United Nations, 10-25-2018 https://www.un.org/pga/73/2018/10/25/report-of-the-international-court-of-justice/ AND international multilateral system, then adherence and respect for international law remains key. Multilateral cooperation solves nuke war and warmingYuval Noah Harari 18, Professor of History at Hebrew University of Jerusalem, 9/26/18, "We need a post-liberal order now," The Economist, https://www.economist.com/open-future/2018/09/26/we-need-a-post-liberal-order-now AND walls keep rising, eventually the whole of humankind will feel the squeeze. Warming guarantees extinction – multiple scenariosSpecktor 19 ~Brandon Specktor~ "Human Civilization Will Crumble by 2050 If We Don't Stop Climate Change Now, New Paper Claims." Live Science. June 4, 2019. https://www.livescience.com/65633-climate-change-dooms-humans-by-2050.html TG AND and perhaps "the end of human global civilization as we know it." | 9/11/21 |
SO - CP - ReformTournament: UK | Round: 6 | Opponent: Westwood AD | Judge: Gordon Krauss 1Reform CPCP: The member nations of the world trade organization ought to –—create a new form of Sui Generis patent applications as per Vezina 20—-Grant this form of patent to Indigenous peoplesExclude non Indigenous groups from applying for Sui Generis patentsSui generis moral rights framework emphasizing guardianship over ownership and are the only way to stop the appropriate that comes with public knowledge.Vézina 20 "Ensuring Respect for Indigenous Cultures A Moral Rights Approach" Brigitte Vézina ~fellow at the Canadian think tank Centre for International Governance Innovation. She holds a bachelor’s degree in law from the Université de Montréal and a master’s in law from Georgetown University~, Centre for International Governance Innovation Papers No. 243 — May 2020, https://www.cigionline.org/static/documents/documents/vezina-paper'1.pdf SM AND trumps these concerns, as no use should be considered offensive per se. Reforming IPR is key to affirming native sovereignty. Solves the aff because it shifts away from western conceptions of property, but the perm fails since we think IPR is good.Younging 10 "Intergovernmental Committee On Intellectual Property And Genetic Resources Traditional Knowledge And Folklore" Seventeenth Session Geneva, December 6-10, 2010 Wipo Indigenous Panel On The Role Of The Public Domain Concept: Experiences In The Fields Of Genetic Resources, Traditional Knowledge And Traditional Cultural Expressions: Experiences From Canada Document prepared by Mr. Gregory Younging ~Creative Rights Alliance, Kelowna, Canada, Opaskwayak Cree Nation-Canada~ https://www.wipo.int/edocs/mdocs/tk/en/wipo'grtkf'ic'17/wipo'grtkf'ic'17'inf'5'a.pdf SM AND made outside the problematic frameworks of the colonization of TK and Gnaritas Nullius. | 9/12/21 |
SO - CP - ResolutionTournament: UK | Round: Quarters | Opponent: Carmel CSu | Judge: Rachel Mauchline, Sam Anderson, Remington Roy 2CPCP: We endorse the entirety of aff except for the resolution. | 9/13/21 |
SO - CP - Secondary Patents v1Tournament: UK | Round: 4 | Opponent: Mountain View EN | Judge: Immanuel Victor 3CPCP text: The member nations of the World Trade Organization should add more stringent requirements for filing secondary patents by requiring secondary patent filers to demonstrate increased efficacy as compared to the original. Solves all your offense by reducing purely strategic patents while permitting R and D forNewsome 17, A ~(JD candidate George Washington School of Law). (2017). Side effects of evergreening may include decreased competition and increased prices in the pharmaceutical industry. AIPLA Quarterly Journal, 45(4), 791-822~ Justin AND could potentially conflict with the United States' TRIPS Agreement obligations with the WTO. Solves best.Newsome 17, A ~(JD candidate George Washington School of Law). (2017). Side effects of evergreening may include decreased competition and increased prices in the pharmaceutical industry. AIPLA Quarterly Journal, 45(4), 791-822~ Justin AND companies to enter the marketplace sooner and drive prices down through competition. 5 | 9/12/21 |
SO - DA - Infrastructure v1Tournament: Loyola Invitational | Round: 5 | Opponent: Bishops AC | Judge: Danielle Dosch 6Infrastructure is making halting progress via reconciliation – bipartisanship is key for Manchin and Republicans to not nuke itLitvan 9/2 ~Laura~ "Manchin Jolts Democrats by Urging ‘Pause’ on $3.5 Trillion Bill," Bloomberg, September 2, 2021, https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2021-09-02/manchin-tells-democrats-to-pause-on-biden-s-3-5-trillion-plan TG AND package, although moderates have been promised an infrastructure vote by late September. General bipartisanship could spark compromise but the plan’s partisan nature tanks any shotMontanari 21 "Biden’s Undermining Of U.S. Intellectual Property Rights Is Dangerous And Will Hurt Pandemic Response," Lorenzo Montanari ~executive director of Property Rights Alliance, an advocacy policy group in charge of publishing the International Property Rights Index~, May 12, 2021 https://www.forbes.com/sites/lorenzomontanari/2021/05/12/bidens-undermining-of-us-intellectual-property-rights-is-dangerous-and-will-hurt-pandemic-response/?sh=4a74c5004890 SM AND strong and fair IP system risk being seriously damaged with this Biden move. Infrastructure investment beats China in the tech-raceAnderson 2/22 ~(Norman, Chairman and CEO of CG/LA Infrastructure, a firm focused on global infrastructure project development, driving productivity across countries, and maximizing the benefits of infrastructure for people in the U.S. and around the world) "The Biden Infrastructure Plan - 5 Actions To Jolt Us Awake, Now," Forbes, 2-22-2021, https://www.forbes.com/sites/normananderson/2021/02/22/the-biden-infrastructure-plan5-actions-to-jolt-us-awake-now/?sh=1d72f17b2ebd~~ TDI AND and the last thing he thinks about before going to bed at night. Chinese tech leadership leads to nuclear warKroenig 18 (Matthew, Deputy Director for Strategy, Scowcroft Center for Strategy and Security Associate Professor of Government and Foreign Service, Georgetown University) "Will disruptive technology cause nuclear war?" BAS, Nov 12, 2018, https://thebulletin.org/2018/11/will-disruptive-technology-cause-nuclear-war AND race for technological superiority to its autocratic challengers just might mean nuclear Armageddon. | 9/5/21 |
SO - DA - Infrastructure v2Tournament: UK | Round: 2 | Opponent: Dougherty Valley TM | Judge: Emmiee Malyugina 2InfrastructureInfrastructure is making halting progress via reconciliation – bipartisanship is key for Manchin and Republicans to not nuke itLitvan 9/2 ~Laura~ "Manchin Jolts Democrats by Urging ‘Pause’ on $3.5 Trillion Bill," Bloomberg, September 2, 2021, https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2021-09-02/manchin-tells-democrats-to-pause-on-biden-s-3-5-trillion-plan TG AND package, although moderates have been promised an infrastructure vote by late September. General bipartisanship could spark compromise but the plan’s partisan nature tanks any shotMontanari 21 "Biden’s Undermining Of U.S. Intellectual Property Rights Is Dangerous And Will Hurt Pandemic Response," Lorenzo Montanari ~executive director of Property Rights Alliance, an advocacy policy group in charge of publishing the International Property Rights Index~, May 12, 2021 https://www.forbes.com/sites/lorenzomontanari/2021/05/12/bidens-undermining-of-us-intellectual-property-rights-is-dangerous-and-will-hurt-pandemic-response/?sh=4a74c5004890 SM AND strong and fair IP system risk being seriously damaged with this Biden move. Bill key to prevent infrastructure disaster from Grid CollapsePPG, 3/4/2021 (MAR 4, 2021 9:00 PM, Pittsburgh Post-Gazette Editorial Board. Invest in infrastructure. March 4, 2021. https://www.post-gazette.com/opinion/editorials/2021/03/05/Invest-in-infrastructure/stories/202102270028, recut by JMP) AND at America’s foundations. Until this happens, society stands on shifting sands. Grid collapse causes extinction.Greene ’19 ~Sherrell R.; Nuclear Engineering M.S. degrees from the University of Tennessee, recognized subject matter expert in nuclear reactor safety, nuclear fuel cycle technologies, and advanced reactor concept development, worked at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) for over three decades, as Director of Research Reactor Development Programs and Director of Nuclear Technology Programs; "Enhancing Electric Grid, Critical Infrastructure, and Societal Resilience with Resilient Nuclear Power Plants (rNPPs)," Nuclear Technology 205(3), https://ans.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/00295450.2018.1505357?needAccess=true recut gord0~ AND simultaneously, and with or without coordinated physical attacks on Critical Infrastructure assets. | 9/11/21 |
SO - DA - Infrastructure v3Tournament: UK | Round: 6 | Opponent: Westwood AD | Judge: Gordon Krauss 3Infrastructure DAInfrastructure is making halting progress via reconciliation – bipartisanship is key for Manchin and Republicans to not nuke itLitvan 9/2 ~Laura~ "Manchin Jolts Democrats by Urging ‘Pause’ on $3.5 Trillion Bill," Bloomberg, September 2, 2021, https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2021-09-02/manchin-tells-democrats-to-pause-on-biden-s-3-5-trillion-plan TG AND package, although moderates have been promised an infrastructure vote by late September. General bipartisanship could spark compromise but the plan’s partisan nature tanks any shotMontanari 21 "Biden’s Undermining Of U.S. Intellectual Property Rights Is Dangerous And Will Hurt Pandemic Response," Lorenzo Montanari ~executive director of Property Rights Alliance, an advocacy policy group in charge of publishing the International Property Rights Index~, May 12, 2021 https://www.forbes.com/sites/lorenzomontanari/2021/05/12/bidens-undermining-of-us-intellectual-property-rights-is-dangerous-and-will-hurt-pandemic-response/?sh=4a74c5004890 SM AND strong and fair IP system risk being seriously damaged with this Biden move. Comprehensive infrastructure investment is key to all facets of the economyCondon 2/21 ~(Christopher, overing the Treasury and U.S. economic policy at Bloomberg News, with Erik Wasson) "Biden’s Economic Legacy at Stake as Next Package Takes Shape," Bloomberg, 2-21-2021, https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2021-02-21/biden-s-economic-legacy-at-stake-with-next-package-taking-shape~~ TDI AND and with lower borrowing costs, more investments today can clear that bar." Post-COVID economic rebound secures geopolitical dominance—-the alternative is global conflict, EU collapse and Chinese authoritarian dominanceKempe 20 ~(Frederick, best-selling author, prize-winning journalist and president and CEO of the Atlantic Council, one of the United States’ most influential think tanks on global affairs. He worked at The Wall Street Journal for more than 25 years as a foreign correspondent, assistant managing editor and as the longest-serving editor of the paper’s European edition.) "Op-ed: How the US can win the post-coronavirus race for global dominance," CNBC, 4-18-2020, https://www.cnbc.com/2020/04/18/op-ed-how-us-can-win-the-post-coronavirus-race-for-global-dominance.html~~ TDI AND victory will be longest lasting if it can achieved alongside partners and allies. Nuclear warHenricksen 17, emeritus senior fellow at the Hoover Institution (Thomas, "Post-American World Order," Hoover Institution, http://www.hoover.org/research/post-american-world-order) AND problems which could entail a collapse, as happened to the Soviet Union. | 9/12/21 |
SO - DA - Innovation v1Tournament: Loyola Invitational | Round: 1 | Opponent: Plano East NG | Judge: Truman Le Innovation DABiotech industry strong now – new innovation and RandD comingCancherini et al. 4/30 ~Laura, Engagement Manager @ McKinsey and Company, Joseph Lydon, Associate Partner @ McKinsey and Company, Jorge Santos Da Silva, Senior Partner at McKinsey and Company, and Alexandra Zemp, Partner at McKinsey and Company~ "What’s ahead for biotech: Another wave or low tide?", McKinsey and Company, 4-30-2021, https://www.mckinsey.com/industries/pharmaceuticals-and-medical-products/our-insights/whats-ahead-for-biotech-another-wave-or-low-tide ajs AND as multi-omics tailored diets) to a multitude of health applications. Strong IPR is key to innovation – empirics and FDIEzell and Cory 19 ~Stephen Ezell, BS from School of Foreign Service at Georgetown, VP of global innovation policy at Information Technology and Innovation Foundation. Nigel Cory, MA in public policy from Georgetown, BA in international business from Griffith University, Associate Director of trade policy at Information Technology and Innovation Foundation, former researcher in the Southeast Asia Program at the Center for Strategic and International Studies.~ "The Way Forward for Intellectual Property Internationally," Information Technology and Innovation Foundation, April 25, 2019, https://itif.org/publications/2019/04/25/way-forward-intellectual-property-internationally TG AND for foreign direct investment which in turn also leads to economic growth."56 Biopharmaceutical innovation is key to prevent future pandemics and bioterror – turns caseMarjanovic and Feijao 20 ~(Sonja Marjanovic, Ph.D., Judge Business School, University of Cambridge. Carolina Feijao, Ph.D. in biochemistry, University of Cambridge; M.Sc. in quantitative biology, Imperial College London; B.Sc. in biology, University of Lisbon.) "How to Best Enable Pharma Innovation Beyond the COVID-19 Crisis," RAND Corporation, 05-2020, https://www.rand.org/pubs/perspectives/PEA407-1.html~~ TDI AND such public health threats to an even greater extent under improved innovation conditions. COVID incentivizes engineered bioterror- extinctionWalsh, 20 — Axios Future correspondent ~Bryan Walsh, "The coronavirus pandemic reawakens bioweapon fears," Axios, 5-14-2020, https://www.axios.com/coronavirus-pandemic-pathogen-bioweapon-45417c86-52aa-41b1-8a99-44a6e597d3a8.html, accessed 9-7-2020~ AND could potentially make a dangerous engineered virus, whether deliberately or by accident. | 9/5/21 |
SO - DA - Innovation v2Tournament: Loyola Invitational | Round: 3 | Opponent: OA Independent DM | Judge: Joshua Michael 1DA – InnovationBiotech industry strong now – new innovation and RandD comingCancherini et al. 4/30 ~Laura, Engagement Manager @ McKinsey and Company, Joseph Lydon, Associate Partner @ McKinsey and Company, Jorge Santos Da Silva, Senior Partner at McKinsey and Company, and Alexandra Zemp, Partner at McKinsey and Company~ "What’s ahead for biotech: Another wave or low tide?", McKinsey and Company, 4-30-2021, https://www.mckinsey.com/industries/pharmaceuticals-and-medical-products/our-insights/whats-ahead-for-biotech-another-wave-or-low-tide ajs AND as multi-omics tailored diets) to a multitude of health applications. Strong IPR is key to innovation – empirics and FDIEzell and Cory 19 ~Stephen Ezell, BS from School of Foreign Service at Georgetown, VP of global innovation policy at Information Technology and Innovation Foundation. Nigel Cory, MA in public policy from Georgetown, BA in international business from Griffith University, Associate Director of trade policy at Information Technology and Innovation Foundation, former researcher in the Southeast Asia Program at the Center for Strategic and International Studies.~ "The Way Forward for Intellectual Property Internationally," Information Technology and Innovation Foundation, April 25, 2019, https://itif.org/publications/2019/04/25/way-forward-intellectual-property-internationally TG AND for foreign direct investment which in turn also leads to economic growth."56 COVID exceptions erode IP policies broadly.PRMA 21 The Pharmaceutical Research and Manufacturers of America SPECIAL 301 SUBMISSION 2021 https://phrma.org/-/media/Project/PhRMA/PhRMA-Org/PhRMA-Org/PDF/P-R/PhRMA'2021-Special-301'Review'Comment-1.pdf SM AND pandemic, and will inevitably affect IP discussions in countries around the world. Undermines RandD and innovationMercurio 2/12 (Bryan Mercurio, ~Simon F.S. Li Professor of Law at the Chinese University of Hong Kong (CUHK), having served as Associate Dean (Research) from 2010-14 and again from 2017-19. Professor Mercurio specialises in international economic law (IEL), with particular expertise in the intersection between trade law and intellectual property rights, free trade agreements, trade in services, dispute settlement and increasingly international investment law.~, 2-12-2021, "WTO Waiver from Intellectual Property Protection for COVID-19 Vaccines and Treatments: A Critical Review", No Publication, accessed: 8-8-2021, https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract'id=3789820) ajs
AND jeopardy only in exchange for what is at best short-term benefits. Biopharmaceutical innovation is key to prevent future pandemics and bioterror – turns caseMarjanovic and Feijao 20 ~(Sonja Marjanovic, Ph.D., Judge Business School, University of Cambridge. Carolina Feijao, Ph.D. in biochemistry, University of Cambridge; M.Sc. in quantitative biology, Imperial College London; B.Sc. in biology, University of Lisbon.) "How to Best Enable Pharma Innovation Beyond the COVID-19 Crisis," RAND Corporation, 05-2020, https://www.rand.org/pubs/perspectives/PEA407-1.html~~ TDI AND such public health threats to an even greater extent under improved innovation conditions. COVID incentivizes engineered bioterror- extinctionWalsh, 20 — Axios Future correspondent ~Bryan Walsh, "The coronavirus pandemic reawakens bioweapon fears," Axios, 5-14-2020, https://www.axios.com/coronavirus-pandemic-pathogen-bioweapon-45417c86-52aa-41b1-8a99-44a6e597d3a8.html, accessed 9-7-2020~ AND could potentially make a dangerous engineered virus, whether deliberately or by accident. | 9/4/21 |
SO - DA - Innovation v3Tournament: UK | Round: 6 | Opponent: Westwood AD | Judge: Gordon Krauss 4Innovation DAEven small exceptions that contravene TRIPS spill over by creating anti-IP precedent and momentum.Balasubramanyam 14 "Battles Over Patents: Is India Changing The Rules Of The Game?" 02/18/2014 Ranjitha Balasubramanyam ~Germany-based journalist and humanitarian researcher with over two decades of journalistic experience, working mainly for European broadcasters~ https://www.ip-watch.org/2014/02/18/battles-over-patents-is-india-changing-the-rules-of-the-game/ SM AND want to prevent these countries from using these measures to protect public health." Biotech industry strong now – new innovation and RandD comingCancherini et al. 4/30 ~Laura, Engagement Manager @ McKinsey and Company, Joseph Lydon, Associate Partner @ McKinsey and Company, Jorge Santos Da Silva, Senior Partner at McKinsey and Company, and Alexandra Zemp, Partner at McKinsey and Company~ "What’s ahead for biotech: Another wave or low tide?", McKinsey and Company, 4-30-2021, https://www.mckinsey.com/industries/pharmaceuticals-and-medical-products/our-insights/whats-ahead-for-biotech-another-wave-or-low-tide ajs AND as multi-omics tailored diets) to a multitude of health applications. Strong IPR is key to innovation – empirics and FDIEzell and Cory 19 ~Stephen Ezell, BS from School of Foreign Service at Georgetown, VP of global innovation policy at Information Technology and Innovation Foundation. Nigel Cory, MA in public policy from Georgetown, BA in international business from Griffith University, Associate Director of trade policy at Information Technology and Innovation Foundation, former researcher in the Southeast Asia Program at the Center for Strategic and International Studies.~ "The Way Forward for Intellectual Property Internationally," Information Technology and Innovation Foundation, April 25, 2019, https://itif.org/publications/2019/04/25/way-forward-intellectual-property-internationally TG AND for foreign direct investment which in turn also leads to economic growth."56 Biopharmaceutical innovation is key to prevent future pandemics and bioterror – turns caseMarjanovic and Feijao 20 ~(Sonja Marjanovic, Ph.D., Judge Business School, University of Cambridge. Carolina Feijao, Ph.D. in biochemistry, University of Cambridge; M.Sc. in quantitative biology, Imperial College London; B.Sc. in biology, University of Lisbon.) "How to Best Enable Pharma Innovation Beyond the COVID-19 Crisis," RAND Corporation, 05-2020, https://www.rand.org/pubs/perspectives/PEA407-1.html~~ TDI AND such public health threats to an even greater extent under improved innovation conditions. COVID incentivizes engineered bioterror- extinctionWalsh, 20 — Axios Future correspondent ~Bryan Walsh, "The coronavirus pandemic reawakens bioweapon fears," Axios, 5-14-2020, https://www.axios.com/coronavirus-pandemic-pathogen-bioweapon-45417c86-52aa-41b1-8a99-44a6e597d3a8.html, accessed 9-7-2020~ AND could potentially make a dangerous engineered virus, whether deliberately or by accident. | 9/12/21 |
SO - DA - US China v1Tournament: Loyola Invitational | Round: 1 | Opponent: Plano East NG | Judge: Truman Le US-China DADespite growing rivalry, US-China economic interdependence strong now. Exchange of tech know-how, collaboration science research, and massive US-China STEM pipeline improving relations – but it can easily collapse.Hass 8/12 ~Ryan Hass (Senior Fellow - Foreign Policy, Center for East Asia Policy Studies, John L. Thornton China Center The Michael H. Armacost Chair Chen-Fu and Cecilia Yen Koo Chair in Taiwan Studies Nonresident Fellow, Paul Tsai China Center, Yale Law School), 8-12-2021, "The "new normal" in US-China relations: Hardening competition and deep interdependence," Brookings, https://www.brookings.edu/blog/order-from-chaos/2021/08/12/the-new-normal-in-us-china-relations-hardening-competition-and-deep-interdependence/ belle~ AND — for good or ill — by their capacity to address common challenges. Plan hurts US-China relations – means China goes back on it’s promise to regulate IP violations and draws in U.S. crackdown.Shape 2/19 ~Steven M. Shape; registered patent attorney and electrical engineer who has represented preeminent technology companies in complex, high-stakes Intellectual Property litigation; 2-19-2021, "IP Law Looms Large Over U.S.-China Relations," No Publication, https://www.mondaq.com/trademark/1038030/ip-law-looms-large-over-us-china-relations belle~ AND reliable IP services provider to help establish strong protection for their intangible assets. Maintaining US-China relations key to confidence building, dialogue measures, and address mutual anxieties about nukes — that prevents nuke war.CSIS ’13 ~CSIS (CSIS is a nonprofit organization headquartered in Washington, D.C. The Center’s 220 full- time staff and large network of affiliated scholars conduct research and analysis and develop policy initiatives that look into the future and anticipate change), March 2013, " Nuclear Weapons and U.S.-China Relations a way forward," Center for Strategic and International Studies, https://csis-website-prod.s3.amazonaws.com/s3fs-public/legacy'files/files/publication/130307'Colby'USChinaNuclear'Web.pdf belle~ AND force size, posture, and doctrine as satisfactory and compatible with stability. US-China war causes extinction.Wittner, PhD, 12 AND that of the world, they should be working to encourage these policies. | 9/5/21 |
SO - DA - US China v2Tournament: UK | Round: Quarters | Opponent: Carmel CSu | Judge: Rachel Mauchline, Sam Anderson, Remington Roy 3US-China DADespite growing rivalry, US-China economic interdependence strong now. Exchange of tech know-how, collaboration science research, and massive US-China STEM pipeline improving relations – but it can easily collapse.Hass 8/12 ~Ryan Hass (Senior Fellow - Foreign Policy, Center for East Asia Policy Studies, John L. Thornton China Center The Michael H. Armacost Chair Chen-Fu and Cecilia Yen Koo Chair in Taiwan Studies Nonresident Fellow, Paul Tsai China Center, Yale Law School), 8-12-2021, "The "new normal" in US-China relations: Hardening competition and deep interdependence," Brookings, https://www.brookings.edu/blog/order-from-chaos/2021/08/12/the-new-normal-in-us-china-relations-hardening-competition-and-deep-interdependence/ belle~ AND — for good or ill — by their capacity to address common challenges. Plan hurts US-China relations – means China goes back on it’s promise to regulate IP violations and draws in U.S. crackdown.Shape 2/19 ~Steven M. Shape; registered patent attorney and electrical engineer who has represented preeminent technology companies in complex, high-stakes Intellectual Property litigation; 2-19-2021, "IP Law Looms Large Over U.S.-China Relations," No Publication, https://www.mondaq.com/trademark/1038030/ip-law-looms-large-over-us-china-relations belle~ AND reliable IP services provider to help establish strong protection for their intangible assets. Maintaining US-China relations key to confidence building, dialogue measures, and address mutual anxieties about nukes — that prevents nuke war.CSIS ’13 ~CSIS (CSIS is a nonprofit organization headquartered in Washington, D.C. The Center’s 220 full- time staff and large network of affiliated scholars conduct research and analysis and develop policy initiatives that look into the future and anticipate change), March 2013, " Nuclear Weapons and U.S.-China Relations a way forward," Center for Strategic and International Studies, https://csis-website-prod.s3.amazonaws.com/s3fs-public/legacy'files/files/publication/130307'Colby'USChinaNuclear'Web.pdf belle~ AND force size, posture, and doctrine as satisfactory and compatible with stability. US-China war goes nuclearTalmadge 18, Caitlin ~PoliSci PhD from MIT, Government BA from Harvard, Prof of Security Studies at Georgetown’s Walsh School of Foreign Service.~ "Beijing’s Nuclear Option." Foreign Affairs. October 15, 2018. https://www.foreignaffairs.com/articles/china/2018-10-15/beijings-nuclear-option TG AND and military tensions that might lead to a conflict in the first place. 4 | 9/13/21 |
SO - T - MedicineTournament: Loyola Invitational | Round: 5 | Opponent: Bishops AC | Judge: Danielle Dosch 2Interp – "medicines" treat or cure, whereas vaccines prevent – o/w on specificity since it’s about the COVID vaccineVecchio 7/22 (Christopher Vecchio, ~CFA, Senior Strategist,~, 7-22-2021, "Delta Variant Concerns Won't Cripple Markets, US Economy", DailyFX, accessed: 8-9-2021, https://www.dailyfx.com/forex/video/daily'news'report/2021/07/22/market-minutes-delta-variant-concerns-wont-cripple-markets-us-economy.html) ajs AND you bulletproof, they dramatically increase the odds of surviving an adverse event. Violation – j vaccinesNegate –1~ Limits – expanding the topic to preventative treatment or medical interventions allows anything from surgery to medical devices to education strategies or mosquito repellent to prevent malaria. Destroys core generics like innovation which are exclusive to disease curing – core of the topic is about proprietary information.Voters:Drop the debater – they have a 7-6 rebuttal advantage and the 2ar to make args I can’t respond to,Use competing interps reasonability invites arbitrary judge intervention since we don’t know your bs meter,No RVIs –illogical – you shouldn’t win for being fair – it’s a litmus test for engaging in substance,Evaluate T before 1AR theory – norms – we only have a couple months to set T norms but can set 1AR theory norms anytime, | 9/5/21 |
SO - T - ReduceTournament: Loyola Invitational | Round: 5 | Opponent: Bishops AC | Judge: Danielle Dosch 1Interp – reductions are permanentReynolds 59. Judge (In the Matter of Doris A. Montesani, Petitioner, v. Arthur Levitt, as Comptroller of the State of New York, et al., Respondents ~NO NUMBER IN ORIGINAL~ Supreme Court of New York, Appellate Division, Third Department 9 A.D.2d 51; 189 N.Y.S.2d 695; 1959 N.Y. App. Div. LEXIS 7391 August 13, 1959) AND and Social Security Law, § 101 ~§ 84 under the 1947 act~.) Violation – cxNegate –Limits and topic lit – their model allows adding on infinite random suspensions to IP protections, anything from conditioning IP protections on human rights to monopolistic tendencies – the core of the debate is reducing IP protections, not temporarily suspending them | 9/5/21 |
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