| Tournament | Round | Opponent | Judge | Cites | Round Report | Open Source | Edit/Delete |
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| apple valley | 2 | lincoln east high eb | austin broussard |
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| apple valley | Doubles | iowa west nw | tajaih robinson, wyatt hatfield, mia berman |
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| apple valley | Quarters | harker as | samantha mcloughlin, derek ying, chris castillo |
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| apple valley | Semis | dths hv | tajaih robinson, chris castillo, silma bathily |
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| apple valley | Finals | strake jw | lawrence zhou, silma bathily, jalyn wu |
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| apple valley | 5 | northern valley js | aryan jasani |
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| apple valley | 4 | lexington bf | leo matthes |
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| blake | 2 | westwood pm | jacob nails |
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| blake | 4 | ridge point vm | jalyn wu |
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| blake | 6 | eden prairie ag | dave mcginnis |
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| blake | Quarters | eagan ae | jacob nails, elijah smith, vishvak bandi |
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| blue key | 1 | bellarmine ak | sabrina callahan |
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| blue key | 4 | strake jw | curtis chang |
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| blue key | 6 | lexington bf | arun mehra |
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| blue key | Doubles | king at | sanjana bhatnagar, wyatt hatfield, eshwar mohan |
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| bronx | 1 | lexington bf | andrew lee |
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| bronx | 3 | mcdowell sa | doron darnov |
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| bronx | Octas | bergen county ak | nikita tanguturi, grant brown, anand rao |
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| bronx | 6 | american heritage broward ss | mark kivimaki |
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| debateLA | 2 | strake js | leah clark villanueva, quentin clark |
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| debateLA | 3 | lexington ag | alexandra mork, aashir sanjrani |
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| debateLA | 6 | southlake carroll pk | kristiana baez, austin broussard |
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| debateLA | Quarters | immaculate heart jl | claudia ribera, kristiana baez, quentin clark |
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| emory | 1 | north allegheny ts | jenn melin |
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| emory | 3 | orange lutheran aaron zhang | parth misra |
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| emory | 5 | isidore ee | dhruv channa |
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| greenhill | 5 | marlborough wr | david dosch |
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| greenhill | 3 | strake ks | william freedman |
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| greenhill | 2 | harker pg | tom evnen |
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| harrison rr | 1 | harrison ac | andrew qin, anshuman mishra |
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| harrison rr | 3 | lake highland prep ab | tej gedela, michelle hix |
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| harvard | 2 | strake js | andrew shaw |
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| harvard | 3 | lake highland prep av | phoenix pittman |
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| harvard | 6 | oxford vm | reed weiler |
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| harvard | Triples | william p clements kk | lukas krause, angela zhong, daniel shatzkin |
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| harvard rr | 4 | valley am | ava zinman, matthew berhe |
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| harvard rr | 5 | lexington bf | abhinav sinha, andrew qin |
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| harvard rr | Semis | strake ks | ishan bhatt, sam anderson, abhinav sinha |
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| hpmor | 1 | more like | hpMORE |
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| lexington | 1 | summit mr | scott brown |
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| lexington | 3 | cardinal gibbons rs | temitope ogundare |
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| lexington | 5 | san mateo yr | victor chen |
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| lexington | Doubles | king cp | lauren mcblain, braedon kirkpatrick, parth misra |
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| loyola | 5 | lynbrook md | andrew torrez |
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| loyola | 4 | strake ks | connor self |
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| loyola | 2 | mcneil sc | phoenix pittman |
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| nano nagle | 4 | harker as | ben cortez |
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| nano nagle | 2 | proof dr | lukas krause |
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| nano nagle | 6 | southlake carroll ep | emmiee malyugina |
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| nano nagle | Octas | sage mp | vishan chaudhary, patrick fox, quentin clark |
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| ndca | 2 | harker ar | ben cortez |
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| ndca | 4 | immaculate heart ss | david kilpatrick |
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| ndca | 6 | immaculate heart rr | chris castillo |
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| scarsdale | 1 | eden prairie ag | micah thode |
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| scarsdale | 3 | southlake carroll sd | sai karavadi |
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| scarsdale | 6 | edgemont aa | andrew chin |
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| scarsdale | Octas | harrison jp | daniel zhang, mariel cruz, derek ying |
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| scarsdale | Quarters | northland christian lb | micah thode, srey das, amy nyberg |
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| toc | 2 | cardinal gibbons rs | chris castillo |
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| toc | 3 | lexington bf | conal thomas-mcginnis |
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| toc | 5 | plano east ng | holden bukowsky |
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| unlv | 1 | eugene ks | leah clark villanueva |
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| unlv | 3 | valley jl | jonah gentleman |
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| unlv | 5 | chattahoochee ek | claudia ribera |
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| unlv | Doubles | southlake carroll sd | gordon krauss, dave mcginnis, andrew torrez |
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| valley | 1 | northern valley dn | isabella nadel |
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| valley | 5 | westlake mr | wyatt hatfield |
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| valley | 4 | mission san jose ss | lukas krause |
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| Tournament | Round | Report |
|---|---|---|
| apple valley | 2 | Opponent: lincoln east high eb | Judge: austin broussard 1ac - butler |
| apple valley | Doubles | Opponent: iowa west nw | Judge: tajaih robinson, wyatt hatfield, mia berman 1ac - agonism acc no neg nibs must defend squo tricks |
| apple valley | Quarters | Opponent: harker as | Judge: samantha mcloughlin, derek ying, chris castillo 1ac - eu |
| apple valley | Semis | Opponent: dths hv | Judge: tajaih robinson, chris castillo, silma bathily 1ac - semiotic insurrection |
| apple valley | Finals | Opponent: strake jw | Judge: lawrence zhou, silma bathily, jalyn wu 1ac - courts util |
| apple valley | 5 | Opponent: northern valley js | Judge: aryan jasani 1ac - pettit |
| apple valley | 4 | Opponent: lexington bf | Judge: leo matthes 1ac - hegemony |
| blake | 2 | Opponent: westwood pm | Judge: jacob nails 1ac - china |
| blake | 4 | Opponent: ridge point vm | Judge: jalyn wu 1ac - bezos performance aff |
| blake | 6 | Opponent: eden prairie ag | Judge: dave mcginnis 1ac - virtue |
| blake | Quarters | Opponent: eagan ae | Judge: jacob nails, elijah smith, vishvak bandi 1ac - mining russia whole res |
| blue key | 1 | Opponent: bellarmine ak | Judge: sabrina callahan 1ac - biopower |
| blue key | 4 | Opponent: strake jw | Judge: curtis chang 1ac - util international law afc ivi |
| blue key | 6 | Opponent: lexington bf | Judge: arun mehra 1ac - whole res util |
| blue key | Doubles | Opponent: king at | Judge: sanjana bhatnagar, wyatt hatfield, eshwar mohan 1ac - kant tricks acc |
| bronx | 1 | Opponent: lexington bf | Judge: andrew lee 1ac - covid |
| bronx | 3 | Opponent: mcdowell sa | Judge: doron darnov 1ac - fem k |
| bronx | Octas | Opponent: bergen county ak | Judge: nikita tanguturi, grant brown, anand rao 1ac - covid waiver |
| bronx | 6 | Opponent: american heritage broward ss | Judge: mark kivimaki 1ac - patent the nc |
| debateLA | 2 | Opponent: strake js | Judge: leah clark villanueva, quentin clark 1ac - debris |
| debateLA | 3 | Opponent: lexington ag | Judge: alexandra mork, aashir sanjrani 1ac - astrology |
| debateLA | 6 | Opponent: southlake carroll pk | Judge: kristiana baez, austin broussard 1ac - satellites |
| debateLA | Quarters | Opponent: immaculate heart jl | Judge: claudia ribera, kristiana baez, quentin clark 1ac - china |
| emory | 1 | Opponent: north allegheny ts | Judge: jenn melin 1ac - debris and cap |
| emory | 3 | Opponent: orange lutheran aaron zhang | Judge: parth misra 1ac - whole res |
| emory | 5 | Opponent: isidore ee | Judge: dhruv channa 1ac - ptd |
| greenhill | 5 | Opponent: marlborough wr | Judge: david dosch 1ac - covid |
| greenhill | 3 | Opponent: strake ks | Judge: william freedman 1ac - kant trix util |
| greenhill | 2 | Opponent: harker pg | Judge: tom evnen 1ac - trade secrets |
| harrison rr | 1 | Opponent: harrison ac | Judge: andrew qin, anshuman mishra 1ac - orientalismpurple flowers |
| harrison rr | 3 | Opponent: lake highland prep ab | Judge: tej gedela, michelle hix 1ac - sufi mysticism |
| harvard | 2 | Opponent: strake js | Judge: andrew shaw 1ac - debris |
| harvard | 3 | Opponent: lake highland prep av | Judge: phoenix pittman 1ac - cap |
| harvard | 6 | Opponent: oxford vm | Judge: reed weiler 1ac - asteroid mining |
| harvard | Triples | Opponent: william p clements kk | Judge: lukas krause, angela zhong, daniel shatzkin 1ac - megacons |
| harvard rr | 4 | Opponent: valley am | Judge: ava zinman, matthew berhe 1ac - ziyad |
| harvard rr | 5 | Opponent: lexington bf | Judge: abhinav sinha, andrew qin 1ac - debris |
| harvard rr | Semis | Opponent: strake ks | Judge: ishan bhatt, sam anderson, abhinav sinha 1ac - debris w kant |
| hpmor | 1 | Opponent: more like | Judge: hpMORE So not only is the wizarding economy almost completely decoupled from the |
| lexington | 1 | Opponent: summit mr | Judge: scott brown 1ac - queer performance aff |
| lexington | 3 | Opponent: cardinal gibbons rs | Judge: temitope ogundare 1ac - leo megaconstellations |
| lexington | 5 | Opponent: san mateo yr | Judge: victor chen 1ac - ptd but not ptd |
| lexington | Doubles | Opponent: king cp | Judge: lauren mcblain, braedon kirkpatrick, parth misra 1ac - mollow |
| loyola | 5 | Opponent: lynbrook md | Judge: andrew torrez 1ac - util |
| loyola | 4 | Opponent: strake ks | Judge: connor self 1ac - kant afc trix util adv |
| loyola | 2 | Opponent: mcneil sc | Judge: phoenix pittman 1ac - setcol |
| nano nagle | 4 | Opponent: harker as | Judge: ben cortez 1ac - covid |
| nano nagle | 2 | Opponent: proof dr | Judge: lukas krause 1ac - evergreening |
| nano nagle | 6 | Opponent: southlake carroll ep | Judge: emmiee malyugina 1ac - weed |
| nano nagle | Octas | Opponent: sage mp | Judge: vishan chaudhary, patrick fox, quentin clark 1ac - jordan |
| ndca | 2 | Opponent: harker ar | Judge: ben cortez 1ac - aac |
| ndca | 4 | Opponent: immaculate heart ss | Judge: david kilpatrick 1ac - china |
| ndca | 6 | Opponent: immaculate heart rr | Judge: chris castillo 1ac - seti |
| scarsdale | 1 | Opponent: eden prairie ag | Judge: micah thode 1ac - ag |
| scarsdale | 3 | Opponent: southlake carroll sd | Judge: sai karavadi 1ac - teachers |
| scarsdale | 6 | Opponent: edgemont aa | Judge: andrew chin 1ac - lay |
| scarsdale | Octas | Opponent: harrison jp | Judge: daniel zhang, mariel cruz, derek ying 1ac - prison strikes |
| scarsdale | Quarters | Opponent: northland christian lb | Judge: micah thode, srey das, amy nyberg 1ac - us util |
| toc | 2 | Opponent: cardinal gibbons rs | Judge: chris castillo 1ac - new cybernetics aff |
| toc | 3 | Opponent: lexington bf | Judge: conal thomas-mcginnis 1ac - util w kant adv |
| toc | 5 | Opponent: plano east ng | Judge: holden bukowsky 1ac - antitrust |
| unlv | 1 | Opponent: eugene ks | Judge: leah clark villanueva 1ac - china |
| unlv | 3 | Opponent: valley jl | Judge: jonah gentleman 1ac - whole res debris |
| unlv | 5 | Opponent: chattahoochee ek | Judge: claudia ribera 1ac - non t bataille |
| unlv | Doubles | Opponent: southlake carroll sd | Judge: gordon krauss, dave mcginnis, andrew torrez 1ac - mcf |
| valley | 1 | Opponent: northern valley dn | Judge: isabella nadel 1ac - covid |
| valley | 5 | Opponent: westlake mr | Judge: wyatt hatfield 1ac - evergreening afc trix |
| valley | 4 | Opponent: mission san jose ss | Judge: lukas krause 1ac - covid |
To modify or delete round reports, edit the associated round.
| Entry | Date |
|---|---|
0 - circuitdebaterTournament: hpmor | Round: 1 | Opponent: more like | Judge: hpMORE oh wait!! that cool person is me!! and could be you!! circuitdebater is a place to open source your cases and write articles about debate things/strategy so underprivileged debaters can have a chance to learn more about circuit debate!! behold, the ultimate disclosure practice: | 2/7/22 |
0 - contact infoTournament: hpmor | Round: 1 | Opponent: more like | Judge: hpMORE email - ineedadebateemaillol@gmail.com | 2/7/22 |
0 - debatedrillsTournament: hpmor | Round: 1 | Opponent: more like | Judge: hpMORE | 2/7/22 |
0 - navigationTournament: hpmor | Round: 1 | Opponent: more like | Judge: hpMORE nc - phil/trix | 2/7/22 |
0 - school contactTournament: hpmor | Round: 1 | Opponent: more like | Judge: hpMORE to clarify, this email is for general school contact, not disclosure, so don't email this if we're about to debate next round, use the contact info under "0 - contact info" please DON'T use any contact info found on this website (http://phsdebate.weebly.com/) since it is really outdated and nobody on my team has access to any of it (this includes prospectdebate@gmail.com email). if you do, i won't be able to see it! | 2/7/22 |
0 - tournament namesTournament: hpmor | Round: 1 | Opponent: more like | Judge: hpMORE loyola - Loyola Invitational | 2/7/22 |
0 - tournament names pt 2 electric boogalooTournament: apple valley | Round: 4 | Opponent: lexington bf | Judge: leo matthes if u cant find a tournament name on my wiki just assume that cites r broken pls harvard rr - HARVARD ROUND ROBIN | 4/2/22 |
0 - wiki errors, disclosure infoTournament: hpmor | Round: 1 | Opponent: more like | Judge: hpMORE as of 9/25 it seems that os and cites randomly stop working, if a doc shows up as blank on os it's cuz the wiki isn't taking it, pls email me if you want the doc! os nc off positions and cards, rr, cites are first three last three for off positions | 2/7/22 |
1 - broken interpsTournament: greenhill | Round: 2 | Opponent: harker pg | Judge: tom evnen (valley r4) interp: debaters must not run epistemic modesty and an extinction-level impact (valley r5) interp: neither debater may read arguments that result in a win for them independent of whether they are winning arguments back to a specific framework. This does not include arguments that link to fairness or education. To clarify, no a prioris. (bronx r3) interp: debaters must disclose all offensive positions on the 2021-2022 ndca hs ld wiki (harvard r4) interp: debaters must not break new affs (blake r2) interp: debaters must disclose plan and standard text 30 min before round (debateLA r3) interp: debaters must not misdisclose (debateLA r6) interp: debaters must not fiat the act or mindset of a private actor | 2/19/22 |
1 - cp - narrativesTournament: lexington | Round: 1 | Opponent: summit mr | Judge: scott brown Counterplan text: we endorse the entirety of the aff minus their use of narratives. To clarify, using personal narratives is bad.We endorse the content of their message but we reject their uses of narratives as a means to express it.Narratives are violent – they force the judge to compare between different people’s experiences and stories, which requires the judge to quantify lived experiences and suffering which causes oppression olympics and violence when osmeone is told that their narratives are not good enough | 1/15/22 |
1 - cp - radical lossTournament: harvard rr | Round: 4 | Opponent: valley am | Judge: ava zinman, matthew berhe | 2/18/22 |
1 - cp - sufismTournament: harrison rr | Round: 3 | Opponent: lake highland prep ab | Judge: tej gedela, michelle hix | 4/2/22 |
1 - da - elon musk heg vs elysian fieldsTournament: blake | Round: 4 | Opponent: ridge point vm | Judge: jalyn wu Elon musk HEG!!oh no, bezos is dead! Guess who inherited all his wealth and took over his palce in the market! Elon musk!! The aff is a poltics that can’t solve for anything because with the death of bezos elon musk has taken over the stock market and is now leading the space race, colonizing all of bezo’s old employeesnow cap is even stronger! Elon musk has completely subsumed the marketThe 1AC’s performative cultivation of resistance is ultimately a resilience project that strips away agency in favor of capitulation to neoliberalism.Evans and Reid 14 ~Brad Evans, professor of international relations at the University of Lapland, Finland and Julian Reid, senior lecturer in international relations at the University of Bristol, Resilient Life, 2014, p. 102-4~ AND for education that produces vulnerable consumers whose very training renders the political impossible. Their defense of a spectacular revolution that kills the God of profit Jeff Bezos locks in burnout, decks revolution, and crushes value to life.Han 15 (Byung-Chul Han teaches philosophy and cultural studies at Berlin’s University of the Arts (UdK). Why Revolution is No Longer Possible". November 03, 2015.) AND the Multitude will cast off the parasitic Empire to inaugurate a communist society. | 12/19/21 |
1 - k - cap vs non-tTournament: lexington | Round: 1 | Opponent: summit mr | Judge: scott brown Their idea that by hacking the resolution and debate they can challenge capitalist capture is false. Capitalism thrives on that narrative of "escape". Disrupting a logic or social system cannot solve, boring analysis of structures is necessary.Bluhdorn 07 – (May 2007, Ingolfur, PhD, Reader in Politics/Political Sociology, University of Bath, "Self-description, Self-deception, Simulation: A Systems-theoretical Perspective on Contemporary Discourses of Radical Change," Social Movement Studies, Vol. 6, No. 1, 1–20, May 2007, google scholar) AND for the physical expression and experience of the authenticity and reality of the alternative Their model of queer activism through transgression replicates neoliberalism by refusing the promise of collective transformationDrucker 15 ~Peter Drucker (Peter has emerged in the 21st century as a leading Marxist scholar in queer studies. His special contributions concern the roots of 'homonormativity' in neoliberalism, the impact of neoliberal globalization on same-sex sexualities in dependent countries, and links between queer and anti-capitalist resistance. He is also working on a series of studies on gender and sexual dimensions of Islamophobia, in both Europe and the Middle East. Finally, he continues his long-term work on the history of US and European socialism, connecting it to the left's record on feminist and LGBTIQ issues.); 2015; "Warped: Gay Normality and Queer Anti-Capitalism"; https://books.google.com/books?id='ByoBgAAQBAJandpg=PA301 BWSWJ~ AND pitfalls will require seeking new tactics and forms of organising within queer groups. The aff’s rejection of the specific details of political engagement is not radical but continues the prevailing mode of leftist cynicism that eviscerates our ability to construct alternatives to political dominationBurgum ‘15 (Samuel, PhD candidate in Sociology at the University of Warwick and has been conducting research with Occupy London since 2012, "The branding of the left: between spectacle and passivity in an era of cynicism," Journal for Cultural Research, Volume 19, Issue 3) AND that real and authentic (unbranded) struggle and therefore denying it indefinitely. The alternative is to theorize through Marxist Materialism – only collective action focused on a unified front can produce a queer anti-capitalismDrucker 11 ~Peter Drucker; "The Fracturing of LGBT Identities under Neoliberal Capitalism"; Historical Materialism 19.4 (2011) 3–32; http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.1000.69andrep=rep1andtype=pdf BWSWJ~ AND the perversions . . . may well express itself in other forms’.95 Capitalism is the root cause of heteronormativity and a politics that queers socialism provides the best analytical tools to solve itSears 13 ~Alan Sears (Sears is the author of, among other works, "Queer in a Lean World" and "Queer Anti-Capitalism: What's Left of Lesbian and Gay Liberation?" and co-author with James Cairns of The Democratic Imagination) interviewed by Andrew Sernatinger and Tessa Echeverria (Andrew Sernatinger and Tessa Echeverria are socialists based in Madison, Wisconsin. This interview was recorded for their podcast, Black Sheep Radio); November 6, 2013; Queering Socialism: An Interview with Alan Sears; New Politics; http://newpol.org/content/queering-socialism-interview-alan-sears; BWSWJ~ AND then you start to point to what it all could begin to look like | 1/15/22 |
1 - nc - utilTournament: loyola | Round: 2 | Opponent: mcneil sc | Judge: phoenix pittman NC – UtilThe standard is maximizing expected well being.pleasure and pain are intrinsically valuable. People consistently regard pleasure and pain as good reasons for action, despite the fact that pleasure doesn’t seem to be instrumentally valuable for anything.Moen 16 ~Ole Martin Moen, Research Fellow in Philosophy at University of Oslo "An Argument for Hedonism" Journal of Value Inquiry (Springer), 50 (2) 2016: 267–281~ SJDI AND places where we reach the end of the line in matters of value. Moral uncertainty means preventing extinction should be our highest priority. | 10/9/21 |
1 - t - kantTournament: blake | Round: 4 | Opponent: ridge point vm | Judge: jalyn wu The metaethic is practical reason. Prefer:First, inescapability – the exercise of practical rationality requires that one regards it as intrinsically good – that justifies a right to freedom.Wood ~Allen W. Wood, (Stanford University, California) "Kantian Ethics" Cambridge University Press, 2007, https://www.cambridge.org/core/books/kantian-ethics/769B8CD9FCC74DB6870189AE1645FAC8, DOA:8-12-2020 WWBW~rct st AND is an end in itself whether the person is morally good or bad. Second, practical reason – ethical principles must be derived from the structure of reason:~1~ Regress – we can always ask why we should follow a theory, so they aren’t binding because they don’t have a starting point. Practical reason solves – When we ask why we should follow reason, we demand a reason, which concedes to the authority of reason itself, so it’s the only thing we can followPractical reason means we all have a unified perspective: What can be justified to me can be justified to everyone who is a practical reasoner. If I can conclude that 2+2 is 4, then I understand not only that I know 2+2 is 4, but that everyone around me can arrive at the same conclusion. These things are temporally consistent: I know that me adding two numbers now and taking that sum will not result in me adding the same two numbers in the future and getting a different sum. Our unified perspective does not change but rather stays consistent.But, willing an action that violates the freedom of others is a contradiction: If I decide to kill someone, that action is not universalizable because that would justify other people killing me too. If I die, I cannot exercise my freedom to kill someone else. This is a contradiction: I both justify extending my freedom to kill others and limiting my own freedom.Thus, the standard is respecting freedom.~1~ They have a deontological obligation to be topical – contracts with the tournament prove and voting procedures check for abuse.Nebel, 15 (Jake Nebel, Jake Nebel studies Philosophy at Oxford on a Marshall Scholarship. As a coach, his students have won the TOC, NDCA, Glenbrooks, Bronx, Emory, TFA State, and the Harvard Round Robin. As a debater, he won six octos-bid championships and was top speaker at the TOC and ten other major tournaments. He co-directs the Victory Briefs Institute., 2-20-2015, accessed on 9-24-2021, Briefly, "The Priority of Resolutional Semantics by Jake Nebel", https://www.vbriefly.com/2015/02/20/the-priority-of-resolutional-semantics-by-jake-nebel/)//st AND there is a principled response to such strategies, as I discuss below. ~2~ Not universalizable – if nobody had to debate the chosen topic then there’d be no reason to have a topic in the first place which creates a contradiction. | 12/19/21 |
1 - th - must spec utilTournament: valley | Round: 1 | Opponent: northern valley dn | Judge: isabella nadel Interpretation: If the affirmative defends a consequentialist framework, they must explicitly delineate which theory of the good they defend in the form of a text in the 1ac.Each nuance of the ethic entails different obligations and would exclude different offense – there are 7 different versions.Mastin ~Luke Mastin, Consequentialism, The basics of philosophy http://www.philosophybasics.com/branch'consequentialism.html~~ Massa AND from being done), or may only require passive avoidance of bad outcomes. B. Violation: They don’t and maximizing expected well-being doesn’t cut it.Crisp, Roger, "Well-Being", The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (Fall 2017 Edition), Edward N. Zalta (ed.), URL = https://plato.stanford.edu/archives/fall2017/entries/well-being/. Massa AND how a person’s moral character and actions relate to their well-being. C. Standards:1. Shiftiness –2. Strat –3. Resolvability – | 10/9/21 |
jf - cp - asian weather satsTournament: harrison rr | Round: 1 | Opponent: harrison ac | Judge: andrew qin, anshuman mishra | 4/2/22 |
jf - cp - asteroidTournament: lexington | Round: 3 | Opponent: cardinal gibbons rs | Judge: temitope ogundare CP Text: Space faring nations should establish a multilateral agreement that restricts asteroid mining done by private entities except for on asteroid Kamo’oalewa.Kamo’oalewa is LEO asteroid comprised of lunar materialDevlin 21 ~Hannah Devlin is the Guardian's science correspondent, having previously been science editor of the Times. "Near-Earth asteroid is a fragment from the moon, say scientists." November 11, 2021. https://www.theguardian.com/science/2021/nov/11/near-earth-asteroid-is-a-fragment-from-the-moon-say-scientists~~ AND said. "It’s easier to explain with the moon than other ideas." Space based solar power is being developed and transitions to 100 clean energy, but lunar regolith is keyO’Neill 13 ~Ian O'Neill is a media relations specialist at NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) in Southern California. Prior to joining JPL, he served as editor for the Astronomical Society of the Pacific‘s Mercury magazine and Mercury Online and contributed articles to a number of other publications, including Space.com, Space.com, Live Science, HISTORY.com, Scientific American. Ian holds a Ph.D in solar physics and a master's degree in planetary and space physics. "How to Turn the Moon Into a Giant Space Solar Power Hub." December 3, 2013. https://www.space.com/23810-moon-luna-belt-solar-power-idea.html~~ AND off nuclear energy — it doesn't get more "alternative" than this. Warming causes extinction and guarantees every other impactSpratt and Dunplop 19, David Spratt ~Research Director for Breakthrough National Centre for Climate Restoration, Melbourne, and co-author of Climate Code Red: The case for emergency action~ and Ian Dunlop ~member of the Club of Rome. Formerly an international oil, gas and coal industry executive, chairman of the Australian Coal Association, chief executive of the Australian Institute of Company Directors, and chair of the Australian Greenhouse Office Experts Group on Emissions Trading 1998-2000~, "Existential climate-related security risk: A scenario approach," Breakthrough - National Centre for Climate Restoration, May 2019, pg. 8-10, beckert. Brackets in original text AND elements, including Arctic sea-ice, West Antarctica and coral reefs. | 1/15/22 |
jf - cp - asteroid miningTournament: blake | Round: Quarters | Opponent: eagan ae | Judge: jacob nails, elijah smith, vishvak bandi CP: The appropriation of outer space by private entities is unjust in all instances except Active Debris Removal.Governments ought to permit the appropriation of outer space for designated safety zones and tech stationing for active debris removal by private entities.Debris removal is necessary and only private entities have the incentive and capability to do it.Giordano 21 (David Giordano is the Vice President of Mentorship for CBLA. Elsewhere at Columbia Law School, he serves on the Columbia Journal of Transnational Law, and is the Treasurer of Columbia OutLaws. During his 1L Summer, David was an intern at the Securities and Exchange Commission’s Division of Corporation Finance. Prior to law school, David worked as a Corporate Paralegal at the New York office of Cleary Gottlieb Steen and Hamilton LLP. David attended The George Washington University where he obtained a B.A. in psychology. "Space Debris: Another Frontier in the Commercialization of Space". October 31, 2021.) AND frontier in the abdication of space from the public concern to the private. | 12/20/21 |
jf - cp - cilTournament: debateLA | Round: 3 | Opponent: lexington ag | Judge: alexandra mork, aashir sanjrani States ought to:—Announce that appropriation of outer space by private actors violates the Outer Space Treaty and that this is a settled matter of customary international law—Announce that this action is taken pursuant to opinio juris (the belief that the action is taken pursuant to a legal obligation) and that non-compliant actors are in violation of international law—Fully comply, not appropriating outer space in a manner inconsistent with these proclamationsSolves the Aff.Fabio Tronchetti 8. Dr. Fabio Tronchetti works as a Co-Director of the Institute of Space Law and Strategy and as a Zhuoyue Associate Professor at Beihang University, "The Non–Appropriation Principle as a Structural Norm of International Law: A New Way of Interpreting Article II of the Outer Space Treaty," Air and Space Law, Volume 33, No 3, 2008, https://kluwerlawonline.com/journalarticle/Air+and+Space+Law/33.3/AILA2008021, RJP, DebateDrills. AND of a special character, namely ‘a structural norm’ of international law. That competes —-1~ Widespread support for OST overhaul means a new treaty is likely—-top military leaders are pushing it.Theresa Hitchens 21. Theresa Hitchens is the Space and Air Force reporter at Breaking Defense. The former Defense News editor was a senior research associate at the University of Maryland’s Center for International and Security Studies at Maryland (CISSM). Before that, she spent six years in Geneva, Switzerland as director of the United Nations Institute for Disarmament Research (UNIDIR). "US Should Push New Space Treaty: Atlantic Council," Breaking Defense, April 12, 2021, https://breakingdefense.com/2021/04/us-should-push-new-space-treaty-atlantic-council/, RJP, DebateDrills AND 193 nations — unless and until something new is there to replace it. 2~ Space law is typically treaty-based—-Russian and Chinese proposals prove.Stephanie Nebehay 8. Reporter, Reuters, "China, Russia to Offer Treaty to Ban Arms in Space," Reuters, January 26, 2008, https://www.reuters.com/article/us-arms-space/china-russia-to-offer-treaty-to-ban-arms-in-space-idUSL2578979020080125, RJP, DebateDrills AND But Washington’s plans have stirred concerns about non-nuclear arms in space. We solve better, since CIL is far superior to treaties for space AND causes follow-on.Koplow, 9 – Professor of Law, Georgetown University Law Center. AND ) edifice of international regulation of ASATs based simply on what countries do. | 1/14/22 |
jf - cp - hotlinesTournament: debateLA | Round: 2 | Opponent: strake js | Judge: leah clark villanueva, quentin clark Counterplan text: States should establish a hotline to reduce miscalculation in space operationsErwin 21 AND sure that we’re paying attention, keeping good situational awareness of their developments." | 1/13/22 |
jf - cp - outer spaceTournament: harvard rr | Round: 4 | Opponent: valley am | Judge: ava zinman, matthew berhe | 2/18/22 |
jf - cp - wolfTournament: ndca | Round: 4 | Opponent: immaculate heart ss | Judge: david kilpatrick CP Text: The United States federal government should lift the Wolf Amendment. States ought to ban anti-satellite weapons.Solves the AFF —- creates global international norms for space and checks back against separate spheres of influenceRonci 19 ~Rob Ronci, exec director of CAELUS. "Dividing Heaven - Effects of the Wolf amendment on the developing system of global space governance." October 2019. International Astronautical Conference. https://swfound.org/media/206870/ronci'1'iac2019'paper.pdf~~ AND , but may also create opportunities for a wider range of space actors. The 1AC is a self-fulfilling prophecy, but lifting Wolf reverse-causally solves competition, while boosting US hegRonci 19 ~Rob Ronci, exec director of CAELUS. "Dividing Heaven - Effects of the Wolf amendment on the developing system of global space governance." October 2019. International Astronautical Conference. https://swfound.org/media/206870/ronci'1'iac2019'paper.pdf~~ AND divide will likely have significant influence on the future development of space governance. International space legal regime are needed to solve space war —- norm-setting in space becomes CILHart 21 ~Amalyah Hart, Amalyah Hart is a science journalist based in Melbourne, 11-19-2021, "Do we need new space law to prevent space war", Cosmos Magazine, https://cosmosmagazine.com/people/society/space-law-to-prevent-space-war/~~ simha AND optimistic. With a great deal of caution, cool heads will prevail." | 4/10/22 |
jf - da - appropriationsTournament: emory | Round: 5 | Opponent: isidore ee | Judge: dhruv channa | 1/29/22 |
jf - da - climateTournament: blake | Round: Quarters | Opponent: eagan ae | Judge: jacob nails, elijah smith, vishvak bandi Private companies are set to mine in space – new tech and profit motives make space lucrativeGilbert 21, (Alex Gilbert is a complex systems researcher and PhD student in Space Resources at the Colorado School of Mines, "Mining in Space is Coming"), 4-26-21, Milken Institute Review, https://www.milkenreview.org/articles/mining-in-space-is-coming MNHS NL AND to as much as $1 trillion by 2040 as private investment soars. OST defines appropriation as occupation, use, or any other means – the aff definitely linksMallick and Rajagopalan 19, (Senjuti Mallick graduated from ILS Law College, Pune, in 2016. She was a Law Researcher at the High Court of Delhi from 2016 to 2018 and is currently pursuing LL.M in International Law at The Fletcher School of Law and Diplomacy, USA. She has been doing research on Outer Space Law since she was a student at ILS. Presently, she is working on different aspects of Space Law, in particular, Space debris mitigation and removal, and the law of the commons. She has published articles on Space Law in the All India Reporter Law Journal and The Hindu. Dr Rajeswari (Raji) Pillai Rajagopalan is the Director of the Centre for Security, Strategy and Technology (CSST) at the Observer Research Foundation, New Delhi. Dr Rajagopalan was the Technical Advisor to the United Nations Group of Governmental Experts (GGE) on Prevention of Arms Race in Outer Space (PAROS) (July 2018-July 2019). She was also a Non-Resident Indo-Pacific Fellow at the Perth USAsia Centre from April-December 2020. As a senior Asia defence writer for The Diplomat, she writes a weekly column on Asian strategic issues. Dr Rajagopalan joined ORF after a five-year stint at the National Security Council Secretariat (2003-2007), Government of India, where she was an Assistant Director. Prior to joining the NSCS, she was Research Officer at the Institute of Defence Studies and Analyses, New Delhi. She was also a Visiting Professor at the Graduate Institute of International Politics, National Chung Hsing University, Taiwan in 2012, "If Space is the ‘province of mankind’, who owns its resources?"), 1-24-19, Observer Research Foundation, https://www.orfonline.org/research/if-space-is-the-province-of-mankind-who-owns-its-resources-47561/ MNHS NL AND "expansion of opportunities" in the use of these resources.~liii~ Squo private companies are willing to invest, but the plan crosses a perception barrier which destroys investmentShaw 13 - Lauren E, J.D. from Chapman University School of Law, "Asteroids, the New Western Frontier: Applying Principles of the General Mining Law of 1872 to Incentive Asteroid Mining", JOURNAL OF AIR LAW AND COMMERCE, Volume 78, Issue 1, Article 2, https://scholar.smu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1307andcontext=jalc recut MNHS NL AND that hit the Earth after the crust cooled during the planet's formation.' Space mining is the only way to solve climate changeDuran 21, (Paloma Duran is a journalist and industry analyst at Mexico Business News, "Is Space Mining the Best Option to Face Climate Change?"), 11-03-21, Mexico Business News, https://mexicobusiness.news/mining/news/space-mining-best-option-face-climate-change MNHS NL AND Jeff Bezos, Founder of Amazon and the Space Launch Provider Blue Origin. Anthropogenic warming causes extinction —- mitigation efforts now are keyGriffin, 2015 (David, Professor of Philosophy at Claremont, "The climate is ruined. So can civilization even survive?", CNN, 4/14/2015, http://www.cnn.com/2015/01/14/opinion/co2-crisis-griffin/ ) AND the whole world to replace dirty energy with clean as soon as possible. | 12/20/21 |
jf - da - industryTournament: emory | Round: 5 | Opponent: isidore ee | Judge: dhruv channa | 1/29/22 |
jf - da - ppwtTournament: debateLA | Round: 2 | Opponent: strake js | Judge: leah clark villanueva, quentin clark The plan requires clarifying international space law—-causes strategic bargaining to extract concessionsAlexander William Salter 16, Assistant Professor of Economics, Rawls College of Business, Texas Tech University, "SPACE DEBRIS: A LAW AND ECONOMICS ANALYSIS OF THE ORBITAL COMMONS", 19 STAN. TECH. L. REV. 221 (2016), https://law.stanford.edu/wp-content/uploads/2017/11/19-2-2-salter-final'0.pdf AND secure a global response to a global commons problem are potentially quite high. Russia uses negotiations to push the PPWT—-erodes US space dominance—-unilat solvesMichael Listner 18, JD, Regent University School of Law, the founder and principal of the legal and policy think-tank/consultation firm Space Law and Policy Solutions, Sept 17 2018, "The art of lawfare and the real war in outer space", The Space Review, www.thespacereview.com/article/3571/1 AND hot war from occurring without sacrificing the superiority it possesses in outer space. The PPWT prohibits space-based missile defenseJack M. Beard 16, Associate Professor of Law at the University of Nebraska College of Law, Feb 15 2016, "Soft Law ’s Failure on the Horizon: The International Code of Conduct for Outer Space Activities", University of Pennsylvania Journal of International Law, Vol. 38, No. 2, 2016, https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?referer=andhttpsredir=1andarticle=1086andcontext=spacelaw AND point conceded even by China with respect to its own proposed PPWT).315 Causes rogue state missile threats—-that escalatesPatrick M. Shanahan 19, Acting Secretary of Defense from January to June 2019, previously vice president and general manager of Boeing Missile Defense Systems, Jan 2019, "2019 MISSILE DEFENSE REVIEW", US Department of Defense, https://media.defense.gov/2019/Jan/17/2002080666/-1/-1/1/2019-MISSILE-DEFENSE-REVIEW.PDF AND .S. declaratory policy as re-affirmed in the 2018 NPR. | 1/13/22 |
jf - da - xi lashoutTournament: unlv | Round: 1 | Opponent: eugene ks | Judge: leah clark villanueva | 2/5/22 |
jf - k - cap vs antitrustTournament: toc | Round: 5 | Opponent: plano east ng | Judge: holden bukowsky | 4/24/22 |
jf - nc - kantTournament: blake | Round: 2 | Opponent: westwood pm | Judge: jacob nails The metaethic is practical reason. Prefer:First, inescapability – the exercise of practical rationality requires that one regards it as intrinsically good – that justifies a right to freedom.Wood ~Allen W. Wood, (Stanford University, California) "Kantian Ethics" Cambridge University Press, 2007, https://www.cambridge.org/core/books/kantian-ethics/769B8CD9FCC74DB6870189AE1645FAC8, DOA:8-12-2020 WWBW~rct st AND is an end in itself whether the person is morally good or bad. Second, practical reason – ethical principles must be derived from the structure of reason:~1~ Regress – we can always ask why we should follow a theory, so they aren’t binding because they don’t have a starting point. Practical reason solves – When we ask why we should follow reason, we demand a reason, which concedes to the authority of reason itself, so it’s the only thing we can follow~2~ Action Theory – every action can be broken down to infinite amounts of movements, i.e. me moving my arm can be broken down to the infinite moments of every state my arm is in. Only reason can unify these movements because we use practical reason to achieve our goals, means all actions collapse to reasonThird, epistemology – ethics must begin a priori, meaning they can’t be derived from our experience.~A~ Representations of space – we can only access our experiences if we can interpret the space around us, but that requires the a priori. Thinking of the absence of space is impossible – we can think of empty space but never the lack of space itself. Imagining space through a priori thoughts is the only way we can even begin to have a conception of interpreting experience; we need to be able to construct space through our minds.~B~ Separateness – if space is based on experience, it must be formed from objects separate to us outside of our reasoning abilities. But to represent objects as separate from us, we would already need to assume space exists in the first place to have a concept of "separateness," so to represent space as something separate from us would be incoherent.~C~ Uncertainty – every person has different experiences so we can’t have a unified perspective on what is good if we each have different conceptions of it – even if we can roughly aggregate it’s not enough because there’ll always be a case when it fails so the framework o/w on probability.~D~ Is/Ought Gap – experience in the phenomenal world only tells us what is, not what ought to be. But it’s impossible to derive an ought from descriptive premises, so there needs to be additional a priori premises within the noumenal world to make a moral theory.Practical reason means we all have a unified perspective: What can be justified to me can be justified to everyone who is a practical reasoner. If I can conclude that 2+2 is 4, then I understand not only that I know 2+2 is 4, but that everyone around me can arrive at the same conclusion. These things are temporally consistent: I know that me adding two numbers now and taking that sum will not result in me adding the same two numbers in the future and getting a different sum. Our unified perspective does not change but rather stays consistent.But, willing an action that violates the freedom of others is a contradiction: If I decide to kill someone, that action is not universalizable because that would justify other people killing me too. If I die, I cannot exercise my freedom to kill someone else. This is a contradiction: I both justify extending my freedom to kill others and limiting my own freedom.Thus, the standard is respecting freedom.OffenseNegate:Acquisition of property can never be unjust – to create rights violations, there must already be an owner of the property being violated, but that presupposes its appropriation by another entity.Feser 1, (Edward Feser, 1-1-2005, accessed on 12-15-2021, Cambridge University Press, "THERE IS NO SUCH THING AS AN UNJUST INITIAL ACQUISITION | Social Philosophy and Policy | Cambridge Core", Edward C. Feser is an American philosopher. He is an Associate Professor of Philosophy at Pasadena City College in Pasadena, California. https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/social-philosophy-and-policy/article/abs/there-is-no-such-thing-as-an-unjust-initial-acquisition/5C744D6D5C525E711EC75F75BF7109D1)~~brackets for gen lang~phs st AND , then, for there to be any injustices in initial acquisition.7 To own yourself and use your own freedom is to be able to interact with external objects. Anything else makes you unable to exercise your own freedom on other things and creates a contradiction.Feser 2, (Edward Feser, 1-1-2005, accessed on 12-15-2021, Cambridge University Press, "THERE IS NO SUCH THING AS AN UNJUST INITIAL ACQUISITION | Social Philosophy and Policy | Cambridge Core", Edward C. Feser is an American philosopher. He is an Associate Professor of Philosophy at Pasadena City College in Pasadena, California. https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/social-philosophy-and-policy/article/abs/there-is-no-such-thing-as-an-unjust-initial-acquisition/5C744D6D5C525E711EC75F75BF7109D1)~~brackets for gen lang~phs st AND that corkscrew owners who lack bottles are not full owners of their corkscrews. Thus, self-ownership justifies the appropriation of property – our freedom necessitates being able to set and pursue external things as our ends, including exercising our rights on property. Restricting this arbitrarily limits our freedom which is unjust.Feser 3, (Edward Feser, 1-1-2005, accessed on 12-15-2021, Cambridge University Press, "THERE IS NO SUCH THING AS AN UNJUST INITIAL ACQUISITION | Social Philosophy and Policy | Cambridge Core", Edward C. Feser is an American philosopher. He is an Associate Professor of Philosophy at Pasadena City College in Pasadena, California. https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/social-philosophy-and-policy/article/abs/there-is-no-such-thing-as-an-unjust-initial-acquisition/5C744D6D5C525E711EC75F75BF7109D1)~~brackets for gen lang~phs st AND , with all the egalitarian mischief-making the proviso has made possible. | 12/18/21 |
jf - nc - kant v2Tournament: debateLA | Round: 2 | Opponent: strake js | Judge: leah clark villanueva, quentin clark The metaethic is practical reason. Prefer:~1~ Regress – Ethical theories must have a basis. We can always ask why we should follow the basis of a theory, so they aren’t morally binding because they don’t have a starting point. Practical reason solves – When we ask why we should follow reason, we demand a reason, which concedes to the authority of reason itself, so it’s the only thing we can follow~2~ Action Theory – Every action can be broken down to infinite amounts of movements, i.e. me moving my arm can be broken down to the infinite moments of every state my arm is in. Only reason can unify these movements because we use practical reason to achieve our goals, means all actions collapse to reason~3~ Representations of space – we can only access our experiences if we can interpret the space around us, but that requires the a priori. Thinking of the absence of space is impossible – we can think of empty space but never the lack of space itself. Imagining space through a priori thoughts is the only way we can even begin to have a conception of interpreting experience; we need to be able to construct space through our minds.Practical reason means we all have a unified perspective: What can be justified to me can be justified to everyone who is a practical reasoner. If I can conclude that 2+2 is 4, then I understand not only that I know 2+2 is 4, but that everyone around me can arrive at the same conclusion. These things are temporally consistent: I know that me adding two numbers now and taking that sum will not result in me adding the same two numbers in the future and getting a different sum. Our unified perspective does not change but rather stays consistent.But, willing an action that violates the freedom of others is a contradiction: If I decide to kill someone, that action is not universalizable because that would justify other people killing me too. If I die, I cannot exercise my freedom to kill someone else. This is a contradiction: I both justify extending my freedom to kill others and limiting my own freedom.Thus, the standard is respecting freedom.Acquisition of property can never be unjust – to create rights violations, there must already be an owner of the property being violated, but that presupposes its appropriation by another entity.Feser, (Edward Feser, 1-1-2005, accessed on 12-15-2021, Cambridge University Press, "THERE IS NO SUCH THING AS AN UNJUST INITIAL ACQUISITION | Social Philosophy and Policy | Cambridge Core", Edward C. Feser is an American philosopher. He is an Associate Professor of Philosophy at Pasadena City College in Pasadena, California. https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/social-philosophy-and-policy/article/abs/there-is-no-such-thing-as-an-unjust-initial-acquisition/5C744D6D5C525E711EC75F75BF7109D1)~~brackets for gen lang~phs st AND , then, for there to be any injustices in initial acquisition.7 | 1/13/22 |
jf - t - appropriationTournament: debateLA | Round: 2 | Opponent: strake js | Judge: leah clark villanueva, quentin clark Interpretation: "Appropriation of outer space" by private entities refers to the exercise of exclusive control of space.TIMOTHY JUSTIN TRAPP, JD Candidate @ UIUC Law, ’13, TAKING UP SPACE BY ANY OTHER MEANS: COMING TO TERMS WITH THE NONAPPROPRIATION ARTICLE OF THE OUTER SPACE TREATY UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS LAW REVIEW ~Vol. 2013 No. 4~ AND the Bogotá Declaration were trying to accomplish, albeit through different means.219 Violation: they defend the production of space debris – definitely not topical since it’s not ownership of anything with permancneStandards:~1~ Limits – their interpretation means that affs about any outer space activity would be topical: mining, photography, sending rovers, collecting ice cores, launching satellites, deflecting debris, can’t sell rocks on EBAY, etc. This explodes neg prep burdens since outer space activity is so vague – no generics exist to answer both the photography and the rovers aff, so affs would just win with a tiny impact every round~2~ Ground – allowing debates about extracting any space resource denies the neg links to core generics like space democracy bad, space colonization good, the moon pic, the property rights NC, etc. – that kills clash by forcing negatives to the fringes of argumentation that disagree with everything and kills fairness by giving the aff a major prep advantage since they only need to frontline the few negative arguments that link to their aff.~3~ Precision: Proper construction of Article XII OST provides rights to property in outer space, not appropriation of outer space. Construction of A. XII OST to provide in-situ property rights is absurd.Michelle L.D. Hanlon, LLM Air and Space Law @ McGill, JD magna cum laude Georgetown Law Center, BA Political Science @ Yale, ‘18, "The Space Review: Our fear of "heritage" imperils our future," No Publication, https://www.thespacereview.com/article/3450/1 AND equipment is strewn. Surely this is not the intent of the law? Precision outweighs—determines what we prepare for which controls the internal link to any pragmatic benefits of the activityNo RVIs: a. Chills theory – If people know they might lose for reading theory, it will disincentivize them. b. You don’t get to win by being fair. c. Theory Baiting – good theory debaters will bait people into reading theory against certain cases. T link turns 1AR theory – proves the aff forced me to be abusiveUse competing interpretations: a. Reasonability causes a race to the bottom with testing the limit of it b. Judge intervention shouldn’t be allowed bc it produces bias c. Uniquely, use competing interps on T – you can’t be reasonably topicalDrop the debater: for being abusive – we can’t restart the round from the 1AC and I’m skewed for the rest of the debate. | 1/13/22 |
jf - t - entitiesTournament: blake | Round: 2 | Opponent: westwood pm | Judge: jacob nails Nebel1 min Interpretation – the aff may not defend that the appropriation of outer space by a certain set of private entities is unjust.Entities is a generic bare pluralNebel 20 ~Jake Nebel is an assistant professor of philosophy at the University of Southern California and executive director of Victory Briefs. He writes a lot of this stuff lol – duh.~ "Indefinite Singular Generics in Debate" Victory Briefs, 19 August 2020. no url AG AND This suggests that "a democracy" in the resolution is not existential. It applies to this topic – a~ entities is an existential bare plural bc it has no determiner b~ The sentence "The appropriation of outer space by private entities is unjust" does not imply "the appropriation of outer space by private and public entities is unjust"Violation – they spec entities in chinaStandards1~ Limits – they can spec infinite different entities like spaceX, etc.. - that’s supercharged by the ability to spec combinations of types of entities. This takes out functional limits – it’s impossible for me to research every possible combination of entities, governments, and appropriation.2~ TVA solves – just read your aff as an advantage to a whole rez aff – we don’t stop them from reading new FWs, mechanisms or advantages. PICs aren’t aff offense – a~ it’s ridiculous to say that neg potential abuse justifies the aff being non-T b~ There’s only a small number of pics on this topic c~ PICs incentivize them to write better affs that can generate solvency deficits to PICsDTD to set a norm, ci bc reasonabiltiy’s aribtirary, no rvis on t since it’s atest of whether your topical and na I meet sovles for all time skew plus it encourages people ot e abusive on purpose to bait theory | 12/18/21 |
jf - t - fwkTournament: blake | Round: 4 | Opponent: ridge point vm | Judge: jalyn wu Interpretation: Affs may only generate offense from an action that makes the appropriation of outer space by private entities illegal.Outer space means anything above Earth’s Karman lineDunnett 21 (Oliver Tristan, lecturer in geography at Queen’s University Belfast). Earth, Cosmos and Culture: Geographies of Outer Space in Britain, 1900–2020 (1st ed.). Routledge. 2021. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780815356301 EE AND start of the last century; and the geographical underpinnings of their relationship. "Appropriation" means to take as property – prefer our definition since it’s contextual to spaceLeon 18 (Amanda M., Associate, Caplin and Drysdale, JD UVA Law) "Mining for Meaning: An Examination of the Legality of Property Rights in Space Resources." Virginia Law Review, vol. 104, no. 3, May 2018, p. 497-547. HeinOnline. AND extracted through the SREU Act contravenes its international obligations established by the OST. Private entity majority nonstate==== AND in outer space have operated in space almostas comprehensively as national organizations. 102 Violation: They generate offense from their speech act and defend the action of killing God/Jeff Bezos none of which are topical.Vote neg:1~ Fairness – post facto topic adjustment and debates about scholarship breed reactionary generics and allow the aff to cement their infinite prep advantage. They can specialize in 1 area of literature for 4 years which gives them a huge edge over people switching topics every 2 months – this crushes clash because all neg prep is based on the rez as a stable stasis point and they create a structural disincentive to do research – we lose 90 of negative ground while the aff still gets the perm which makes being neg impossible.2~ SSD is good – it forces debaters to consider a controversial issue from multiple perspectives. Non-T affs allow individuals to establish their own metrics for what they want to debate leading to ideological dogmatism. Even if they prove the topic is bad, our argument is that the process of preparing and defending proposals is an educational benefit of engaging it.3~ Small schools disad: under-resourced are most adversely effected by a massive, unpredictable caselist which worsens structural disparities. Inclusion is an independent voter – you can’t debate if you can’t participate which is a prerequisite to accessing their benefits and ensures everyone gains from the activity. | 12/19/21 |
jf - t - nebelTournament: debateLA | Round: Quarters | Opponent: immaculate heart jl | Judge: claudia ribera, kristiana baez, quentin clark TInterpretation: the aff cannot specify a state.Bare plurals imply a generic "rules reading" in the context of moral statementsCohen 1 — (Ariel Cohen, Professor of Linguistics @ Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, PhD Computational Linguistics from Carnegie Mellon University, "On the Generic Use of Indefinite Singulars". Journal of Semantics 18: 183-209, Oxford University Press, 2001, accessed 12-7-20, HKR-AM) BP = bare plurals AND means for a rule to be in effect), the sentence is true, That outweighs—only our evidence speaks to how bare plurals are interpreted in the context of normative statements like the resolution. This means throw out aff counter-interpretations that are purely descriptiveViolation—they specified ChinaVote neg for predictable limits—specifying a type of appropriation offers a huge explosion in the topic since they get permutations of hundreds of states. Generic pics are jettisoned when the aff specifies a state that we don’t have specific ev to. Don’t let them say pics – potential neg abuse doesn’t justify preemptive aff abuse and causes me to have to rely on shiftier methods. Limits explodes neg prep burden and draws un-reciprocal lines of debate, where the aff is always ahead, turns their pragmatics offense.No RVIs: a. Chills theory – If people know they might lose for reading theory, it will disincentivize them. b. You don’t get to win by being fair. c. Theory Baiting – good theory debaters will bait people into reading theory against certain cases. T link turns 1AR theory – proves the aff forced me to be abusiveUse competing interpretations: a. Reasonability causes a race to the bottom with testing the limit of it b. Judge intervention shouldn’t be allowed bc it produces bias c. Uniquely, use competing interps on T – you can’t be reasonably topicalDrop the debater: for being abusive – we can’t restart the round from the 1AC and I’m skewed for the rest of the debate. | 1/14/22 |
jf - t - no govtTournament: debateLA | Round: 3 | Opponent: lexington ag | Judge: alexandra mork, aashir sanjrani T – No-GovInterpretation – The affirmative cannot defend governmental action.Private entity is non-governmentalCornell (https://www.law.cornell.edu/definitions/uscode.php?width=840andheight=800andiframe=trueanddef'id=6-USC-625312480-168358316andterm'occur=999andterm'src=title:6:chapter:6:subchapter:I:section:1501) AND not include a foreign power as defined in section 1801 of title 50. Private entities are majority owned and managed by nonstate actorsWarners 20 (Bill, JD Candidate, May 2021, at UIC John Marshall Law School) "Patents 254 Miles up: Jurisdictional Issues Onboard the International Space Station." UIC Review of Intellectual Property Law, vol. 19, no. 4, 2020, p. 365-380. HeinOnline. EE AND outer space have operated in space almost as comprehensively as national organizations. 102 Violation: They says states do the aff which are governmentsStandards:1~ Vote neg for predictable limits. Their aff justifies ignoring words in the resolution which destroys any predictable basis of neg prep. There’s no non-arbitrary way to choose which words aren’t changeable under their interp. This leads to debates where we’re forced to go for generics which destroys education.2~ Clash: they destroy clash by attaching and adding anything they want to the resolution – this allows them to unlink from ks and das that were prepped for the actual res and prevents any engagement.No RVIs: a. Chills theory – If people know they might lose for reading theory, it will disincentivize them. b. You don’t get to win by being fair. c. Theory Baiting – good theory debaters will bait people into reading theory against certain cases. T link turns 1AR theory – proves the aff forced me to be abusiveUse competing interpretations: a. Reasonability causes a race to the bottom with testing the limit of it b. Judge intervention shouldn’t be allowed bc it produces bias c. Uniquely, use competing interps on T – you can’t be reasonably topicalDrop the debater: for being abusive – we can’t restart the round from the 1AC and I’m skewed for the rest of the debate. | 1/14/22 |
jf - t - outer spaceTournament: lexington | Round: 3 | Opponent: cardinal gibbons rs | Judge: temitope ogundare TInterpretation: Topical affirmatives must defend the appropriation of outer spaceOuter space starts 372 miles above the surface of earth.National Geographic No Date ~National Geographic Society, "Atmosphere," https://www.nationalgeographic.org/encyclopedia/atmosphere/~~ Sachin AND gravity is so small here that molecules of gas escape into outer space. Starlink’s satelites reach 340 Miles above earth’s surface.Mann 19, ~Adam Mann, 5-24-2019, "Starlink: SpaceX's satellite internet project," Space, https://www.space.com/spacex-starlink-satellites.html~~ Sachin AND a few years so that they don't become space junk once they die. Violation: 340 miles is less than the 372 miles necessary to be considered outer space; they explicitly defend only LEOVote neg:1~ Limits and ground: the aff interpretation explodes the topic to allow any aff about space generally which structurally alters the neg research burden because there’s a qualitative difference between outer space and the atmosohere. Means we get no ground bc of how unpredictable the AC could be from round to round – kills core neg generics like space col bad and mining that don’t link if you specify a part of space2~ Precision – Justifies the aff arbitrarily doing away with words in the resolution which gives way to affs about anything which obliterates neg prep.Use competing interps - Topicality is a binary question, you can’t be reasonably topical and it invites a race to the bottom of interventionDrop the debater – dropping the argument doesn’t rectify abuse since winning T proves why we don’t have the burden of rejoinder against their aff.No RVIS – it’s your burden to be topical | 1/15/22 |
jf - t - unjustTournament: lexington | Round: 5 | Opponent: san mateo yr | Judge: victor chen Interp: The affirmative must defend the ban of private actor appropriation of Outer Space - not a reduction.Unjust means dialectically contrary to law – only ban does that.The Law Dictionary, ND, Def of Unjust, URL: https://thelawdictionary.org/unjust/~~#:~~:text=Contrary20to20right20and20justice,conduct20furnished20by20the20laws, KR Unjust means opposed to law.FreeDictionary ~TheFreeDictionary, Unjust, xx-xx-xxxx,https://legal-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/Unjust, 12-17-2021 amrita~ Violation: They defend a leasing- that’s not oppositional to the law because it means that there’s a world where the law would permit private appropriation.1AC perhsing – AND in that it suggests that the international community move beyond merely authorizing nations or Standards:1~ Predictable Limits – there’s hundreds of other ways in which the affirmative can defend the restriction of private entities in Outer space – they can make some fines, etc, which makes it impossible for the negative to predict what process the affirmative is going to defend to mandate a ban of private actor appropriation of space. Our interp is the most predictable because it’s grounded in the topic wording.2~ Topic ed – Bans are one of the most common and is most germane to the literature – increases the amount of ground and ability to have deep debates on the model which the majority of the literature is centered around as opposed to an irrelevant model that kills critical thinking abilities.Topicality is a voting issue that should be evaluated through competing interpretations—it tells the negative what they do and do not have to prepare for. Reasonability is arbitrary and unpredictable, inviting a race to the bottom and we’ll win it links to our offense. No RVIs—it’s your burden to be fair and T—same reason you don’t win for answering inherency or putting defense on a disad. | 1/16/22 |
nd - cp - policeTournament: blue key | Round: 4 | Opponent: strake jw | Judge: curtis chang cpContent Warning: Mentions of Police Violence in the Card Strikes empower unions.Erin Corbett, 6-23-2020, Freelance journalist and writer on politics, feminism, and social justice. Seen in MSN, Yahoo, VICE, Fortune, People Magazine, Bustle, The Daily Dot, Alternet, Money, The Trace, Rewire.News, Daily Hampshire Gazette, and more. "Police Are Going On Strike. Should Anyone Care?," https://www.refinery29.com/en-us/2020/06/9874441/police-going-on-strike-walkout-reason SR AND organize a union. During the work stoppage the city experienced more robberies. | 10/30/21 |
nd - cp - police vs semiotic insurrectionTournament: apple valley | Round: Semis | Opponent: dths hv | Judge: tajaih robinson, chris castillo, silma bathily CP: A just government ought to recognize an unconditional right of workers’ souls to strike except for the souls of police officers.cites not working except for the tag for some reason, the cards are the same sa the nd - cp - police | 11/8/21 |
nd - cp - racist strikesTournament: apple valley | Round: 2 | Opponent: lincoln east high eb | Judge: austin broussard Counterplan: A just government ought to recognize an unconditional right of workers to strike except in the instance that strikes directly demand discrimination towards certain groups of individuals. It’s condo.BPSC ~Unfair Labor Practices by Union, http://bpscllc.com/unfair-labor-practices-by-unions.html, N.D., Business and People Strategy Consulting Group, California's trusted source for workplace human resources and employment law~ ~SS~ AND union-security agreement for failure to pay a fine levied by the union Racist union strikes have happened beforeAllison Keyes, JUNE 30, 2017, "The East St. Louis Race Riot Left Dozens Dead, Devastating a Community on the Rise," Smithsonian Magazine, https://www.smithsonianmag.com/smithsonian-institution/east-st-louis-race-riot-left-dozens-dead-devastating-community-on-the-rise-180963885/ SR AND and trolleys. The National Guard was called in but dispersed in June. | 11/5/21 |
nd - cp - teacher strikesTournament: scarsdale | Round: 3 | Opponent: southlake carroll sd | Judge: sai karavadi | 11/13/21 |
nd - cp - tribal lawTournament: scarsdale | Round: 1 | Opponent: eden prairie ag | Judge: micah thode CP: The United States should to recognize an unconditional right of agricultural laborers to strike through tribal law.Normal means is federal law, but tribal law is key to respect indigenous sovereignty and solves the aff better. The perm is severance and creates an overlap that undermines tribal jurisdiction and 1ac plan text proves they defend the NLRA.HLR, 1-11-21, "Tribal Power, Worker Power: Organizing Unions in the Context of Native Sovereignty" https://harvardlawreview.org/2021/01/tribal-power-worker-power-organizing-unions-in-the-context-of-native-sovereignty/ SR AND to engage collaboratively with Native nations to build institutions that better serve both. | 11/13/21 |
nd - cp - violent strikes vs prisoner strikesTournament: scarsdale | Round: Octas | Opponent: harrison jp | Judge: daniel zhang, mariel cruz, derek ying Counterplan: A just government should recognize the unconditional right to strike for prisoners except in the case when strikes directly demand violence and discrimination. | 11/14/21 |
nd - k - capTournament: apple valley | Round: 4 | Opponent: lexington bf | Judge: leo matthes Legitimizing the right to strike enables the state to have a monopoly on violence shutting down any possibility of change.Crépon, 19 (Marc Crépon, Marc Crépon (born 30 March 1962) is a French philosopher and academic who writes on the subject of languages and communities in the French and German philosophies and contemporary political and moral philosophy.~1~ He has also translated works by philosophers such as Nietzsche, Franz Rosenzweig and Leibniz., August 2019, accessed on 6-28-2021, Google Docs, "The Right to Strike and Legal War in Walter Benjamin's "Toward the Critique of Violence"", DOI 10.1215/26410478-7708331)st AND and to take responsibility for it that the left regularly loses workers’ support. Unions are limited to defending against the system instead of overthrowing it, reinforcing capitalism by making it easier for workers to be productive.Eidlin, 20 (Barry Eidlin, Barry Eidlin is an assistant professor of sociology at McGill University and the author of Labor and the Class Idea in the United States and Canada., 1-6-2020, accessed on 6-28-2021, Jacobinmag, "Why Unions Are Good — But Not Good Enough", https://www.jacobinmag.com/2020/01/marxism-trade-unions-socialism-revolutionary-organizing)//st Labor unions have long occupied a paradoxical position within Marxist theory. They are AND Engels saw that the transition from workplace struggles to politics was not automatic. Capitalism’s successes necessitate human extinction and destroy the value to life – it’s try or die for alternative organizingDuzgun 20 Eren Duzgun (teaches Historical Sociology and International Relations at Leiden University, Netherlands), 4-5-2020, "Capitalism, Coronavirus and the Road to Extinction," Socialist Project, https://socialistproject.ca/2020/04/capitalism-coronavirus-and-road-to-extinction/, SJBE AND market. The beast is not tameable; it needs to be killed. Vote neg for dual power organizing – only by refusing the 1ac’s opportunistic politics can we produce actual change.Escalante 18 Alyson Escalante (Marxist-Leninist, Materialist Feminist and Anti-Imperialist activist), 8-24-2018, "Against Electoralism, For Dual Power!," Forge News, https://theforgenews.org/2018/08/24/against-electoralism-for-dual-power/, pat recut sjbe AND to the soviets" will be heard again. Lets make it happen. know that we’re making the right decision | 4/2/22 |
nd - k - cap v2Tournament: apple valley | Round: Quarters | Opponent: harker as | Judge: samantha mcloughlin, derek ying, chris castillo Unions are limited to defending against the system instead of overthrowing it, reinforcing capitalism by making it easier for workers to be productive.Eidlin, 20 (Barry Eidlin, Barry Eidlin is an assistant professor of sociology at McGill University and the author of Labor and the Class Idea in the United States and Canada., 1-6-2020, accessed on 6-28-2021, Jacobinmag, "Why Unions Are Good — But Not Good Enough", https://www.jacobinmag.com/2020/01/marxism-trade-unions-socialism-revolutionary-organizing)//st Labor unions have long occupied a paradoxical position within Marxist theory. They are AND Engels saw that the transition from workplace struggles to politics was not automatic. Capitalism’s successes necessitate human extinction and destroy the value to life – it’s try or die for alternative organizingDuzgun 20 Eren Duzgun (teaches Historical Sociology and International Relations at Leiden University, Netherlands), 4-5-2020, "Capitalism, Coronavirus and the Road to Extinction," Socialist Project, https://socialistproject.ca/2020/04/capitalism-coronavirus-and-road-to-extinction/, SJBE AND market. The beast is not tameable; it needs to be killed. Vote neg for dual power organizing – only by refusing the 1ac’s opportunistic politics can we produce actual change.Escalante 18 Alyson Escalante (Marxist-Leninist, Materialist Feminist and Anti-Imperialist activist), 8-24-2018, "Against Electoralism, For Dual Power!," Forge News, https://theforgenews.org/2018/08/24/against-electoralism-for-dual-power/, pat recut sjbe AND to the soviets" will be heard again. Lets make it happen. | 11/7/21 |
nd - nc - hobbesTournament: blue key | Round: 1 | Opponent: bellarmine ak | Judge: sabrina callahan The metaethic is perspectivism – truth is not absolute but rather created by individuals based on their own individual perspective. Prefer it~1~ Opacity – we can never access another person’s perspective because we can never fully understand who someone else is or what they think. Every truth I create cannot be universalized because I can’t guarantee that they will create the same truth because they do what they want.~2~ Linguistics – Truth is constructed by language, which is completely arbitrary. Nothing tells me that a chair is a chair; I only assign it that name arbitrarily because I want to. Meaning can’t be contained within language if we make it up ourselves, and truth doesn’t exist absent language.But, the state of nature leads to infinite violence – competing truth claims means conflicts cannot be resolved. Two warrants:~1~ Ambiguity – everyone can assert their own claims to be true and refuse contestation – this means we always fight over who is correct. This is irresolvable because there is no mediator to adjudicate the dispute and tell who is correct – we just fight forever~2~ Self-Interest – everyone wants their truth claims to be true because it benefits them – this leads to conflict because we can’t divide limited resources and must compete with each other – terminates in death because neither of us want to concede to the otherThis state of nature is brutish and has no conception of morality because we don’t have any unified truth to guide us, and thus outweighs on magnitude. The solution is the creation of the sovereign to mediate what is true and enforce the law; they are the ultimate ruler and arbitrator. It must eliminate all conflicts to bring peace to our violent natures. Thus, the standard is consistency with the will of the sovereign. Prefer it because it outweighs on bindingness: Only the sovereign can get everyone to follow their rule and enforce the law, it creates motivations for any moral rules we create. Otherwise, the framework collapses and truth becomes impossible.OffenseNegate –~1~ The sovereign has absolute authority; strikes contest the rule of the authority of the sovereign which leads to infinite regress and freezes action.Lloyd and Sreedhar (Sharon A. Lloyd and Susanne Sreedhar, Sharon Lloyd is Professor of Philosophy, Law, and Political Science at the University of Southern California. She co-founded the USC Center for Law and Philosophy, and directs the USC Levan Institute's Conversations in Practical Ethics Program., Susanne Sreedhar is an Associate Professor of Philosophy at Boston University. Sreedhar's work on social contract theory has been influential, and has mostly been aimed at the nature and scope of obligation within political systems, and the possibility of ethical civil disobedience within a Hobbesian system., 2-12-2002, accessed on 6-29-2021, The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (Fall 2020 Edition), "Hobbes’s Moral and Political Philosophy (Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy)", https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/hobbes-moral/)//st AND state of nature, people should treat their sovereign as having absolute authority. ~2~ The sovereign hasn’t granted the unconditional right to strike in the squo - proves that it doesn’t want it. Passing the res blocks the sovereign’s will. | 10/29/21 |
nd - nc - particularismTournament: blue key | Round: 4 | Opponent: strake jw | Judge: curtis chang The practice of ethical life is complicated and multifaceted – different moral features are relevant in different moral cases. This isn’t deducing justifications for them but reflecting on the way we practice.James Griffin 5, Rhodes Scholar, American-born philosopher, who was White's Professor of Moral Philosophy at the University of Oxford from 1996 to 2000., Corpus Christi College, 2005, "Human Rights: Whose Duties?," Human Rights And The Moral Responsibilities Of Corporate And Public Sector Organisations Volume 20 Of The Series Issues In Business Ethics Pp 31-43, http://link.springer.com/chapter/10.10072F1-4020-2361-8'3 AND there is a moral burden, without yet knowing who should shoulder it. Negate - the AC is an absolute principle which is inconsistent with the call for particularity - it says that unconditional means all rights to strike -Merriam Webster, (https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/unconditional)//st
unconditional rights are bad - it’s terrible for ethics bc it means that under no conditions can we question things, which doesn’t account for particular situations i.e. it may be bad to strike while blocking the entrance to the emergency room which proves there are bad conditions to strike on | 10/30/21 |
nd - t - workersTournament: blue key | Round: 1 | Opponent: bellarmine ak | Judge: sabrina callahan Interpretation – the aff may not defend that a just government ought to recognize the right to strike for a subset of workers1. Workers is a generic bare pluralNebel 20 ~Jake Nebel is an assistant professor of philosophy at the University of Southern California and executive director of Victory Briefs. He writes a lot of this stuff lol – duh.~ "Indefinite Singular Generics in Debate" Victory Briefs, 19 August 2020. no url AG AND This suggests that "a democracy" in the resolution is not existential. It applies to this topic – a~ workers is an existential bare plural bc it has no determiner b~ The sentence "A just government ought to recognize the right of workers to strike" does not imply "a just government ought to recognize the right of people to strike"2. The aff makes the right to strike conditional on worker type which is the opposite of unconditionalCambridge Dictionary No Date, (Cambridge Dictionary, "Unconditional"), https://dictionary.cambridge.org/us/dictionary/english/unconditional MNHS NL Violation – they spec ''''''''Standards1~ Limits – they can spec infinite different workers like agricultural workers, nurses etc - that’s supercharged by the ability to spec combinations of types of strikes. This takes out functional limits – it’s impossible for me to research every possible combination of workers, strikes and governments2~ TVA solves – just read your aff as an advantage to a whole rez aff – we don’t stop them from reading new FWs, mechanisms or advantages. PICs aren’t aff offense – a~ it’s ridiculous to say that neg potential abuse justifies the aff being non-T b~ There’s only a small number of pics on this topic c~ PICs incentivize them to write better affs that can generate solvency deficits to PICs | 10/29/21 |
nd - t - workers v2Tournament: scarsdale | Round: 3 | Opponent: southlake carroll sd | Judge: sai karavadi | 11/13/21 |
so - cp - general public interest vs harkerTournament: greenhill | Round: 2 | Opponent: harker pg | Judge: tom evnen Counterplan Text: The member states of the European Union should reduce trade secret protections for medicines by requiring that plaintiffs prove that the acquisition, use, and disclosure of the trade secret did not pertain to revealing misconduct, wrongdoing, or illegal activity, but not protecting the general public interest.Their author agrees general public interest is legally undefined and worsens whistleblower protectionAbazi 16 — (Vigjilenca Abazi, Assistant Professor @ Maastricht University, "Trade Secrets and Whistleblower Protection in the European Union", European Papers, Vol. 1, 2016, No 3, European Forum, Insight of 3 September 2016, pp. 1061-1072, Available Online at https://www.europeanpapers.eu/en/europeanforum/trade-secrets-and-whistleblower-protection-in-the-eu, accessed 9-17-21, Bergen AK) AND considered as exposing trade secrets and doing so in the general public interest. | 2/19/22 |
so - cp - wtoTournament: loyola | Round: 2 | Opponent: mcneil sc | Judge: phoenix pittman | 10/9/21 |
so - da - econ-innovationTournament: nano nagle | Round: 2 | Opponent: proof dr | Judge: lukas krause Rising RandD costs mean that pharma is on the brink of losing monetary incentive to innovateGassmann et al 16— Schuhmacher, Alexander, Oliver Gassmann ~Professor of Technology management at University of St. Gallen~, and Markus Hinder. "Changing RandD models in research-based pharmaceutical companies." Journal of translational medicine 14.1 (2016): 1-11. (AG DebateDrills) AND 2002–2011, invested more than USD 5 billion per new drug. Secondary patents are necessary to incentivize research of both initial active ingredients and follow on innovations, this controls the internal link to all of their innovation impacts—also competitor litigation controls the negative effects wellFoor 21— Meredith Foor; JD candidate at University of New Hampshire; "INCENTIVIZING INNOVATION AND RECLAIMING BALANCE IN THE PHARMACEUTICAL INDUSTRY: A CASE FOR SECONDARY PATENTS"; HeinOnline; May 2021; https://law.unh.edu/sites/default/files/media/2021/05/foor'final.pdf. (AG DebateDrills) AND a profit, and recycle their profits into new groundbreaking research and innovation. The follow-on patents also are the only way that we discover miraculous cross-applications of drugs, which is the fastest way to solve emerging disease, which is especially important during a pandemic so it turns and outweighs case on probabilityHolman 18—Christopher Holman; Professor of Law at University of Missouri-Kansas City; Why Follow-On Pharmaceutical Innovations Should Be Eligible For Patent Protection; Intellectual Property Watch; 9/21/2018; https://www.ip-watch.org/2018/09/21/follow-pharmaceutical-innovations-eligible-patent-protection/. (AG DebateDrills) AND to the development of drugs as a patent on the active ingredient itself. Externally, pharma collapses without strong IP protectionsBuckland 17 - Danny Buckland (award-winning journalist who writes about health, general features and news, shortlisted for the prestigious Mind Media Awards for his work covering mental health issues), April 26, 2017, "Patents are lifeblood of pharmas", https://www.raconteur.net/legal/intellectual-property/patents-are-lifeblood-of-pharmas/ WJ AND and innovation. Quite frankly, it would all collapse without good IP." Biopharmaceutical research is the bedrock of our economy – even minor reductions in income result in mass unemployment and butterfly effectsSullivan 11 – Thomas Sullivan (Thomas Sullivan is Editor of Policy and Medicine, President of Rockpointe Corporation, founded in 1995 to provide continuing medical education to healthcare professionals around the world. Prior to founding Rockpointe, Thomas worked as a political consultant), July 12, 2011, Study Shows Importance of Biopharmaceutical Jobs For US Economy," Policy and Medicine, http://www.policymed.com/2011/07/study-shows-importance-of-biopharmaceutical-jobs-for-us-economy-for-every-20-billion-loss-in-revenue.html WJ AND the biopharmaceutical sector is a key foundation of the life sciences innovation ecosystem. Bipoharma collapse causes economic meltdown – it’s far worse than previous recessionsHowrigon 17 — Ron Howrigon "(President and Founder of Fulcrum Strategies. He earned a Bachelor's degree in Business Administration from Western Michigan University and a Master's in Economics from North Carolina State University, focusing in the area of Health Economics) http://www.kevinmd.com/blog/2017/01/health-care-crash-u-s-economy.html, January 19 2017, WJ AND resulting fallout could be could be much worse than even the housing crisis. ExtinctionTønnesson 15 Stein Research Professor, Peace Research Institute Oslo; Leader of East Asia Peace program, Uppsala University, 2015, "Deterrence, interdependence and Sino–US peace," International Area Studies Review, Vol. 18, No. 3, p. 297-311 AND each other, with a view to obliging Washington or Beijing to intervene. | 10/9/21 |
so - da - innovationTournament: loyola | Round: 2 | Opponent: mcneil sc | Judge: phoenix pittman DA – InnovationCurrent WTO legislation on IP rights promotes innovationEzell et al 4/29 Jaci McDole, Stephen Ezell ~Stephen Ezell is vice president, global innovation policy, at the Information Technology and Innovation Foundation (ITIF). He focuses on science and technology policy, international competitiveness, trade, manufacturing, and services issues.~ 4/29/21, "Ten Ways IP Has Enabled Innovations That Have Helped Sustain the World Through the Pandemic" Information Technology and Innovation Foundation, https://itif.org/publications/2021/04/29/ten-ways-ip-has-enabled-innovations-have-helped-sustain-world-through DD AG AND top two filing growths of 73 percent and 26 percent, respectively.30 Reductions in protections kill medical innovation, economic growth, and knowledge building for the futureMcDole and Ezell 04/29 – Jaci McDole is a senior policy analyst covering intellectual property (IP) and innovation policy at ITIF. She focuses on IP and its correlations to global innovation and trade. Her work includes ITIF’s Innovate4Health Initiatives (2017–2019) and A Covid-19 TRIPS Waiver Makes No More Sense for Copyrights Than It Does for Patents (2021). McDole comes to ITIF from the Institute for Intellectual Property Research, an organization she cofounded to study and further robust global IP policies. Stephen J. Ezell is ITIF vice president for Global Innovation Policy. He focuses on science, technology, and innovation policy as well as international competitiveness and trade policy issues. He is the coauthor of Innovating in a Service Driven Economy: Insights Application, and Practice (Palgrave McMillan, 2015) and Innovation Economics: The Race for Global Advantage (Yale 2012). The Information Technology and Innovation Foundation (ITIF) is an independent, nonprofit, nonpartisan research and educational institute focusing on the intersection of technological innovation and public policy. Recognized by its peers in the think tank community as the global center of excellence for science and technology policy, ITIF’s mission is to formulate and promote policy solutions that accelerate innovation and boost productivity to spur growth, opportunity, and progress; April 29, 2021; "Ten Ways IP Has Enabled Innovations That Have Helped Sustain the World Through the Pandemic"; https://itif.org/publications/2021/04/29/ten-ways-ip-has-enabled-innovations-have-helped-sustain-world-through advay AND generations of biomedical innovation and thus perpetuate the enterprises into the future.13 Future pandemics are more likely and more deadly which makes innovation key to stop extinctionCeballos 5/27 Gerardo Ceballos ~PhD, Dr Gerardo Ceballos is an ecologist and conservationist at the Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico. He is particularly recognized for his influential work on global patterns of distribution of diversity, endemism, and extinction risk in vertebrates. He is also well-known for his contribution to understanding the magnitude and impacts of the sixth mass extinction.~, 5/27/21, "THE SIXTH MASS EXTINCTION AND THE FUTURE OF HUMANITY", Population Matters, https://populationmatters.org/news/2021/05/sixth-mass-extinction-and-future-humanity DD AG AND and civilization. What it is at stake is the future of mankind. | 10/9/21 |
so - da - midtermsTournament: greenhill | Round: 5 | Opponent: marlborough wr | Judge: david dosch DA - MidtermsDems win the Senate now, but it’s close—-it determines the Biden presidency.Shane Goldmacher 7/17. Reporter, New York Times, "Democrats See Edge in Early Senate Map as Trump Casts Big Shadow," The New York Times, July 17, 2021, https://www.nytimes.com/2021/07/17/us/politics/midterm-elections.html, RJP, DebateDrills. AND through President Biden’s expansive agenda on the economy, the pandemic and infrastructure. The plan is unpopular—-it’s seen as soft on China.Cynthia Hicks 21. Director of Public Affairs at PhRMA focusing on polling and opinion research that supports advocacy communications and strategy. "New polling shows Americans are sounding the alarm on the TRIPS IP waiver," PhRMA, May 14, 2021, https://catalyst.phrma.org/new-polling-shows-americans-are-sounding-the-alarm-on-the-trips-ip-waiver, RJP, DebateDrills AND – expressed by more than six in ten voters – include the following: China is the key for the midterms—-Senate control hinges on it.Sarah Mucha 21. Politics reporter at Axios, covering the Biden administration and Congress. "Parties pounce on China as midterm issue," Axios, June 23, 2021, https://www.axios.com/democrat-republicans-china-2022-midterms-6c242c54-b51b-444e-b9b2-65ff0afb906a.html, RJP, DebateDrills AND by (President) Xi (Jinping) and the Chinese Communist Party. GOP control of the Senate will be used to usher in a new wave of Trumpism, crushing democracy.Morton Kondracke 21. Retired executive editor of Roll Call, a former "McLaughlin Group" and Fox News commentator and co-author, with Fred Barnes, of Jack Kemp: The Bleeding Heart Conservative Who Changed America. "Why Democrats Must Retain Control of Congress in 2022," RealClearPolitics, August 4, 2021, https://www.realclearpolitics.com/articles/2021/08/04/why'democrats'must'retain'control'of'congress'in'2022'146189.html, RJP, DebateDrills AND for election results and the rule of law would again be in peril. ExtinctionKasparov 17 AND having the exceptional courage to always try to be better. Thank you. | 9/24/21 |
so - nc - contractsTournament: bronx | Round: Octas | Opponent: bergen county ak | Judge: nikita tanguturi, grant brown, anand rao ~1~ IP rights are included in multiple international contracts – the aff violates that.WIPO (WIPO, 11-9-1998, accessed on 8-25-2021, World Intellectual Property Organization, "Intellectual Property and Human Rights", https://www.wipo.int/edocs/pubdocs/en/wipo'pub'762.pdf) AND of Action, 1993 (VDPA), and other international and regional instruments. ~2~ Consent – the aff disregards the consent of medicine producers and allows it to be violated by removing patents - negates because violating a party’s consent is an act of violating a hypothetical contract since their side of the contract isn’t accounted for | 10/17/21 |
so - nc - kantTournament: loyola | Round: 5 | Opponent: lynbrook md | Judge: andrew torrez | 10/9/21 |
so - t - fwkTournament: bronx | Round: 6 | Opponent: american heritage broward ss | Judge: mark kivimaki Our interpretation is that the resolution should determine the division of affirmative and negative ground.Violation: they don’t – the member nations of the world trade organization ought to ban intellectual property protectiosn for medicines wasn’t in the 1ac Resolved means a policyWords and Phrases 64 Words and Phrases Permanent Edition. "Resolved". 1964. AND ," which is defined by Bouvier as meaning "to establish by law". Medicines prevent, diagnose, or treat diseases and injuriesMaine Revenue Service 20 (MAINE REVENUE SERVICE SALES, FUEL and SPECIAL TAX DIVISION) "A REFERENCE GUIDE TO THE SALES AND USE TAX LAW" https://www.maine.gov/revenue/sites/maine.gov.revenue/files/inline-files/Reference20Guide202020.pdf December 2020 EE AND by a medical professional authorized by law to prescribe medicines for human beings. The NC is not a medicine, you can’t patent it and still be topical – since I’m the one who made it I’ll defend that the nc is just a speech and soemthing that isn’t used in prevention, diagnosis, or treatment of disease or injuryVote neg - 1~ Limits: if you don’t have to be topical there’s an infinite amount of aff syou can make which guts my ability to prep and respond to them and forces me into generics –2~ TVA Solves – just read your aff as an advantage to a whole rez aff. We aren’t stopping them from reading new FWs, mechanisms, or advantages. PICs don’t solve – it’s ridiculous to say that neg potential abuse justifies the aff making it impossible for me to win – run the aff as a cap advantage to why monopolies are bad, or a baudrillard aff that says that medicines are symbols and patenting is impossible3~ Not universalizable – if nobody had to debate the chosen topic then there’d be no reason to have a topic in the first place which creates a contradiction. | 10/26/21 |
so - t - medicinesTournament: bronx | Round: Octas | Opponent: bergen county ak | Judge: nikita tanguturi, grant brown, anand rao Interpretation – the affirmative may not specify a subset of medicines1~ Grammar – Medicines is a generic bare pluralNebel 20 ~Jake Nebel is an assistant professor of philosophy at the University of Southern California and executive director of Victory Briefs. He writes a lot of this stuff lol – duh.~ "Indefinite Singular Generics in Debate" Victory Briefs, 19 August 2020. no url AG AND This suggests that "a democracy" in the resolution is not existential. It applies to this topic – a~ the noun "medicines" in the topic has no determiner preceding it to justify speccing a subset of medicines. that means medicines is an existential bare plural b~ it fails the upward entailment test bc "member nations ought to reduce ip protections for medicines" does not entail that "member nations ought to reduce ip protections for pharmaceuticals" even though all medicines are pharmaceuticals.Semantics first – the judge doenst have any jursidiction to vote on any other topic and it’s the only stable statis point of the round Violation – they only defend the COVID vaccineStandards:1~ Prep hazard – there are an infinite number of medicines they could possibly spec exploding neg prep – generics and functional limits don’t apply because each medicine has different effects, capabilities, and implications which makes there infinite arguments for each weapon being bad2~ TVA Solves – just read your aff as an advantage to a whole rez aff. We aren’t stopping them from reading new FWs, mechanisms, or advantages. PICs don’t solve – it’s ridiculous to say that neg potential abuse justifies the aff making it impossible for me to win | 10/17/21 |
so - t - vaccinesTournament: bronx | Round: Octas | Opponent: bergen county ak | Judge: nikita tanguturi, grant brown, anand rao Interpretation: medicine means only treatment and cure – affs cannot defend medical interventions, which is distinctElbe 10 ~Stefan Elbe, director of the Centre for Global Health Policy and a professor of international relations at the University of Sussex. "Security and Global Health," ISBN 0745643744, accessed 8-10-2021, https://www.wiley.com/en-ee/Security+and+Global+Health-p-9780745643731~~ HWIC AND security to be practised through the introduction of new medical interventions in society. Standards:1. Limits – allowing any patented medical intervention allows testing methods, scanning machinery, and tracing software – it takes away generics like innovation which are specific to pharmaceutical development, not preventative measures, which takes away our main IP good argumentReis ‘6 (TarcÃsio Hardman Reis, PhD in International Law from the University of Lausanne, Switzerland) The Role of Intellectual Property in the Global Challenge for Immunization, 22 June 2006, https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/j.1422-2213.2006.00284.x AND to technology transfer. | 10/17/21 |
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