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-=\ AFF – Vaccine Imperialism= |
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-==1AC== |
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-===1AC – Framing=== |
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-====Racism is the biggest impact – it makes all violence structurally inevitable and is the basis for all morality. Memmi 2k==== |
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-Albert Memmi** **2k, Professor Emeritus of Sociology @ U of Paris, Naiteire, Racism, Translated by Steve Martinot, p. 163-165 |
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-The struggle against racism will be long, difficult, without intermission, without remission |
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-. True, it is a wager, but the stakes are irresistible. |
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-====Externally, the specific role of debate means you should vote for the debater who identifies the best strategy for resisting racist oppression. ==== |
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-**Medina 11** Medina, J. (2011). Toward a Foucaultian Epistemology of Resistance: Counter-Memory, Epistemic Friction, and Guerrilla Pluralism. Foucault Studies, 1(12), 9–35. |
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-The central goal of this paper is to show the emancipatory potential of the epistemological |
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-of those whose marginalized lives have become the silent scars of forgotten struggles. |
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-====Large scale extinction impacts are impossible to predict or simulate and will almost always be wrong – prefer impacts we know are happening==== |
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-**Matheson 15** (Calum Matheson – This is his PhD dissertation at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, "Desired Ground Zeros: Nuclear Imagination and the Death Drive", https://cdr.lib.unc.edu/indexablecontent/uuid:4bbcb13b-0b5f-43a1-884c-fcd6e6411fd6, pgs. 77 – 86, EmmieeM) |
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-Herman Kahn and Bernard Brodie, perhaps the most prominent American strategists of the early |
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-case simply: "People get emotionally involved in games" (20). |
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-===1AC – Advantage === |
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-====The status quo ensures vaccine imperialism. Intellectual property law is the lynchpin of North-South health inequality and has empirically resulted in disparate life outcomes, accelerating disease spread.==== |
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-**Vanni 21** – Dr. Amaka Vanni is Lecturer in Law at the University of Leeds. ("On Intellectual Property Rights, Access to Medicines and Vaccine Imperialism," 3-23-2021, https://twailr.com/on-intellectual-property-rights-access-to-medicines-and-vaccine-imperialism/) julian |
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-While the response to COVID-19 has shown what can be accomplished when the |
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-at the expense of others continues to reproduce extreme inequality with human costs. |
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-====The TRIPS IP regime is at the heart of that imbalance. It creates a privileged class of elites with access to medicine and locks in data exclusivity and evergreening practices that delay the entrance of generic medicines into the market, which would decrease prices. ==== |
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-**Vanni 21** – Dr. Amaka Vanni is Lecturer in Law at the University of Leeds. ("On Intellectual Property Rights, Access to Medicines and Vaccine Imperialism," 3-23-2021, https://twailr.com/on-intellectual-property-rights-access-to-medicines-and-vaccine-imperialism/) julian |
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-Intellectual property rights (IPRs) are time-limited legal rights granted to inventors |
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-rising, making essential medicines inaccessible for millions of people around the world. |
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-====Vaccine imperialism inevitably commodifies medicine and results in vaccine nationalism that magnifies North-South health disparities. ==== |
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-**Seklala et al 21** – Sharifah Sekalala, Warwick Law School, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK; Lisa Forman, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Timothy Hodgson, International Commission of Jurists, Johannesburg, South Africa,;Moses Mulumba, Center for Health, Human Rights and Development, Kampala, Uganda; Hadijah Namyalo-Ganafa, School of Law, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda; Benjamin Mason Meier, Department of Public Policy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA ("Decolonising human rights: how intellectual property laws result in unequal access to the COVID-19 vaccine," 2021, pg. 2-4) julian |
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-The development and dissemination of COVID-19 vaccines has highlighted how the international legal |
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-, and thus consolidating a denial of their obligations to employ TRIPS flexibilities. |
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-====Status quo distribution results in disparities between nations. That results in colonial hierarchies of health.==== |
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-**Seklala et al 21** – Sharifah Sekalala, Warwick Law School, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK; Lisa Forman, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Timothy Hodgson, International Commission of Jurists, Johannesburg, South Africa,;Moses Mulumba, Center for Health, Human Rights and Development, Kampala, Uganda; Hadijah Namyalo-Ganafa, School of Law, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda; Benjamin Mason Meier, Department of Public Policy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA ("Decolonising human rights: how intellectual property laws result in unequal access to the COVID-19 vaccine," 2021, pg. 4) julian |
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-The current global distribution of COVID-19 vaccines is largely dictated by power disparities |
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-depleted health systems, are forced to divert additional funds to servicing debt. |
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-====It also results in inequalities within nations. Politicians create a hierarchy of access, which feeds racism, classism, and corruption. ==== |
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-**Seklala et al 21** – Sharifah Sekalala, Warwick Law School, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK; Lisa Forman, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Timothy Hodgson, International Commission of Jurists, Johannesburg, South Africa; Moses Mulumba, Center for Health, Human Rights and Development, Kampala, Uganda; Hadijah Namyalo-Ganafa, School of Law, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda; Benjamin Mason Meier, Department of Public Policy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA ("Decolonising human rights: how intellectual property laws result in unequal access to the COVID-19 vaccine," 2021, pg. 4-5) julian |
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-The high costs of vaccines also propagate inequalities within nations, as desperate countries try |
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-population from exercising their right to freedom of movement on an equal basis. |
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-====The plan reverse casually ensures the reduction of vaccine imperialism.==== |
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-**Vanni 21** – Dr. Amaka Vanni is Lecturer in Law at the University of Leeds. ("On Intellectual Property Rights, Access to Medicines and Vaccine Imperialism," 3-23-2021, https://twailr.com/on-intellectual-property-rights-access-to-medicines-and-vaccine-imperialism/) julian |
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-This brings us to the present and how this dysfunction continues to be normalised in |
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-countries in the global south, but also produces asymmetries that perpetuate inequalities. |
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-===1AC – Plan=== |
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-====Plan: The member of nations of the World Trade Organization ought to eliminate patent protections for medicines permanently ==== |
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-**Adler 21** – Paul Adler is assistant professor of 20th Century U.S. in the World History at Colorado College and author of "No Globalization Without Representation: U.S. Activists and World Inequality," with University of Pennsylvania Press. ("Activism is the key to getting vaccines to the world," 4-23-2021, https://www.washingtonpost.com/outlook/2021/04/23/activism-is-key-getting-vaccines-world/) julian |
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-A major reason for the delay in rolling out vaccinations is that rules protecting intellectual |
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-international governance that serve the interests of the world's most impoverished and marginalized. |
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-====Prioritize our impacts. Intellectual monopoly capitalism prioritizes profitability over health, which blurs the lines between life and death. ==== |
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-**Sell 20** – Susan K. Sell is a Professor of Political Science and International Affairs at George Washington University. ("What COVID 19 Reveals About Twenty First Century Capitalism: Adversity and Opportunity," pg. 151-152) julian |
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-In the late 1970s and early 1980s, US-based IP owners lobbied for |
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-as reflected in their request for TRIPs waivers in COVID-19 time. |
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-====Status quo medical innovation results in inequality, which the aff corrects. ==== |
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-**Parthasarathy 20** – Shobita Parthasarathy is Professor of Public Policy and Director of the Science, Technology, and Public Policy Program at University of Michigan. ("Innovation Policy, Structural Inequality, and COVID-19," 2020, pg. 105-107) julian |
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-The private sector then capitalizes on the results of this scientific curiosity to develop socially |
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-civic duty as it determines pricing for this promising COVID-19 drug. |
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-====Flexibilities are insufficient. ==== |
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-**Seklala et al 21** – Sharifah Sekalala, Warwick Law School, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK; Lisa Forman, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Timothy Hodgson, International Commission of Jurists, Johannesburg, South Africa,;Moses Mulumba, Center for Health, Human Rights and Development, Kampala, Uganda; Hadijah Namyalo-Ganafa, School of Law, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda; Benjamin Mason Meier, Department of Public Policy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA ("Decolonising human rights: how intellectual property laws result in unequal access to the COVID-19 vaccine," 2021, pg. 4) julian |
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-Although countries from the Global South have the option of engaging TRIPS flexibilities in the |
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-Property Regime (IPR) system to sustain and deepen global health inequities. |