Changes for page Leland Nair Neg

Last modified by Madhav Nair on 2022/02/20 21:16

From version < 111.1 >
edited by Madhav Nair
on 2022/02/20 21:16
To version < 112.1
edited by Madhav Nair
on 2022/02/20 21:16
<
Change comment: There is no comment for this version

Summary

Details

Caselist.CitesClass[13]
Cites
... ... @@ -1,107 +1,0 @@
1 -====Interpretation: The affirmative should only defend the hypothetical implementation of the resolution or just an epistemological====
2 -wrongfully taking another's property as one's own. The term appropriation is often used not only with respect to real property but also with water. According to U.S. case law, a person completes an appropriation of water by diversion of the water and an application of the water to beneficial use.167 This common use of the term "appropriation" with respect to water illustrates two key points: (1) the term applies to natural resources-e.g., water or minerals-not just real property, and (2) mining space resources and putting them to beneficial use-e.g., selling or manufacturing the mined resources could reasonably be interpreted as an "appropriation" of outer space. While the ordinary meaning of "appropriation" reasonably includes the taking of natural resources as well as land, whether the drafters and parties to the OST envisioned such a broad meaning of the term remains difficult to determine with any certainty. The prohibition against appropriation "by any other means" supports such a reading, though, by expanding the prohibition to other types not explicitly described.168
3 -As illustrated by this analysis, considerable ambiguity remains after this ordinary-meaning analysis
4 -
5 -AND
6 -
7 -any other celestial body could be taken as justification for national appropriation. 174
8 -
9 -
10 -
11 -====This response implies that Article II acts as a qualification on Article I's broad provision for free exploration and use of outer space by all. Activity such as resource extraction would be viewed as national appropriation and such activity cannot be justified given Article II's prohibition, not even by falling within the ordinary ====
12 -
13 -
14 -
15 -====Resolved means a legislative policy====
16 -**Words and Phrases 64** Words and Phrases Permanent Edition. "Resolved". 1964. ED
17 -Definition of the word "resolve," given by Webster is "to express an
18 -
19 -AND
20 -
21 -," which is defined by Bouvier as meaning "to establish by law".
22 -
23 -
24 -
25 -====Outer space means anything above Earth’s Karman line====
26 -**Dunnett 21** (Oliver Tristan, lecturer in geography at Queen’s University Belfast). Earth, Cosmos and Culture: Geographies of Outer Space in Britain, 1900–2020 (1st ed.). Routledge. 2021. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780815356301 EE
27 -In such ways, this book argues that Britain became a home to rich discourses
28 -
29 -AND
30 -
31 -start of the last century; and the geographical underpinnings of their relationship.
32 -
33 -
34 -
35 -===="Appropriation" means to take as property – prefer our definition since it’s contextual to space====
36 -**Leon 18** (Amanda M., Associate, Caplin and Drysdale, JD UVA Law) "Mining for Meaning: An Examination of the Legality of Property Rights in Space Resources." Virginia Law Review, vol. 104, no. 3, May 2018, p. 497-547. HeinOnline.
37 -Appropriation. The term "appropriation" also remains ambiguous. Webster's defines the verb
38 -
39 -AND
40 -
41 -. Historically, claims to mineral rights have resulted in just as contentious conflict
42 -
43 -
44 -
45 -====Private entity = majority nonstate====
46 -**Warners 20 **(Bill, JD Candidate, May 2021, at UIC John Marshall Law School) "Patents 254 Miles up: Jurisdictional Issues Onboard the International Space Station." UIC Review of Intellectual Property Law, vol. 19, no. 4, 2020, p. 365-380. HeinOnline.
47 -To satisfy these three necessary requirements for a new patent regime, the ISS IGA
48 -
49 -AND
50 -
51 -in outer space have operated in space almostas comprehensively as national organizations. 102
52 -
53 -
54 -
55 -====They violate—====
56 -
57 -
58 -
59 -====Standards: ====
60 -
61 -
62 -
63 -====1~~ Competitive equity – 3 warrants: ====
64 -
65 -
66 -
67 -====A~~ Ground: they get to pick the topic ex post facto which incentivizes vague argumentation that’s not grounded in a consistent, stable mechanism – they’re playing dodgeball with hand grenades – caselists are concessionary, unpredictable, beaten by perms, and don’t justify their model. ====
68 -
69 -
70 -
71 -====B~~ Limits: their model has no resolutional bound and creates the possibility for literally an infinite number of 1ACs. Not debating the topic allows someone to specialize in one area of the library for 4 years giving them a huge edge over people who switch research focus ever 2 months. Cutting negs to every possible aff is a commitment even large squads can’t handle, let alone small schools like us. Counter-interpretations are arbitrary, unpredictable, and don’t solve the world of neg prep because there’s no grounding in the resolution====
72 -
73 -
74 -
75 -====C~~ Causality: debating the resolution forces the affirmative to defend a cause and effect relationship, the state doing x results in y. Non topical affs establish their own barometer "I think x is good for me" that aren’t negatable – that independently decks clash cuz there’s no way for me to engage with the affirmative.====
76 -
77 -
78 -
79 -====D~~ Fairness is an impact – ~~1~~ it’s an intrinsic good – some level of competitive equity is necessary to sustain the activity – if it didn’t exist, then there wouldn’t be value to the game since judges could literally vote whatever way they wanted regardless of the competing arguments made ~~2~~ probability – your ballot can’t solve their impacts but it can solve mine – debate can’t alter subjectivity, but can rectify skews ~~3~~ internal link turns every impact – a limited topic promotes in-depth research and engagement which is necessary to access all of their education ~~4~~ comes before substance – deciding any other argument in this debate cannot be disentangled from our inability to prepare for it – any argument you think they’re winning is a link, not a reason to vote for them, since it’s just as likely that they’re winning it because we weren’t able to effectively prepare to defeat it. This means they don’t get to weigh the aff.====
80 -
81 -
82 -
83 -====2~~ Switch-side debate – ====
84 -
85 -
86 -
87 -====A~~ the reason debate is a unique process is because it demands rigorous testing of advocacy skills through not getting to pick and choose what to defend – it’s the only plausible explanation for the form of the activity – it also solves their offense.====
88 -
89 -
90 -
91 -====B~~ topical version of the aff solves – they can still have all their advantages under TVA INSERT TVA====
92 -
93 -
94 -
95 -====C~~ Vote negative – A~~ this procedurally evaluates whether their model is good, which is a prior question B~~ they can’t get offense: we don’t exclude them, only persuade you that our methodology is best. Every debate requires a winner and loser, so voting negative doesn’t reject them from debate, it just says they should make a better argument next time.====
96 -
97 -
98 -
99 -====3~~ Skills – multiple warrants====
100 -
101 -
102 -
103 -====A~~ Argument Refinement and research – forcing them to defend the resolution makes them have to cut new positions every two months and forces them to explore the depths of the literature as opposed to just recycling the same set of non T affs over and over that lead repetitive and stale debates – they reject argument innovation and force every non t debate into either k vs t or k v k. ====
104 -
105 -
106 -
107 -====B~~ Education is an impact – it’s the only reason schools fund debate ====
EntryDate
... ... @@ -1,1 +1,0 @@
1 -2022-02-20 21:16:17.0
Judge
... ... @@ -1,1 +1,0 @@
1 -Diana Alvarez
Opponent
... ... @@ -1,1 +1,0 @@
1 -Able2Shine MC
ParentRound
... ... @@ -1,1 +1,0 @@
1 -13
Round
... ... @@ -1,1 +1,0 @@
1 -6
Team
... ... @@ -1,1 +1,0 @@
1 -Leland Nair Neg
Title
... ... @@ -1,1 +1,0 @@
1 -JANFEB - t - fwk
Tournament
... ... @@ -1,1 +1,0 @@
1 -Berkeley

Schools

AbleTwoShine (CA)
Academy Of Classical Christian Studies (OK)
Acton Boxborough (MA)
Advanced Technologies (NV)
Albuquerque Academy (NM)
Alexander W Dreyfoos School Of The Arts (FL)
American (CA)
American Heritage Boca Delray (FL)
American Heritage Broward (FL)
Amplus Academy (NV)
Apple Valley (MN)
Appleton North (WI)
Aragon (CA)
Archbishop Mitty (CA)
Ardrey Kell (NC)
Ardsley (NY)
Arizona College Prep (AZ)
Astor Redhead Academy (CA)
Athenian (CA)
Auburn (AL)
Ayala (CA)
Bagel Academy (AL)
Bartlesville (OK)
BASIS Independent Silicon Valley (AL)
BASIS Peoria (AZ)
Basis Shavano (TX)
Beckman (CA)
Bellarmine (CA)
Bentonville West (AR)
Bergen County (NJ)
Bergen County Debate Club (NJ)
Bishops (CA)
Blue Springs South (MO)
Blue Valley (KS)
Boise Senior (ID)
Borah Senior (ID)
Brentwood School (CA)
Bridgeland (TX)
Bronx Science (NY)
Brookfield East (WI)
Brookline (MA)
Brophy College Prep (AZ)
Buhler (KS)
Burbank Senior (CA)
Byram Hills (NY)
Byron Nelson (TX)
Cabot (AR)
Caddo Magnet (LA)
Canyon Crest (CA)
Cardinal Gibbons (FL)
Carmel (IN)
Carmel Valley Independent (CA)
Carnegie Vanguard (TX)
Carrollwood Day (FL)
Cary Academy (NC)
Cassville (MO)
Catonsville (MD)
Central Valley (WA)
Century (ID)
Challenge Early College (TX)
Chaminade (NY)
Champion (TX)
Charlotte Latin School (NC)
Chattahoochee (GA)
Chelmsford (MA)
Cheyenne East (WY)
Christmas Independent (NY)
Christopher Columbus (FL)
Claudia Taylor Johnson (TX)
Clear Brook (TX)
Clear Lake (TX)
Clear Springs (TX)
Clements (TX)
Cogito Debate (CA)
College Park (TX)
Cooper City (FL)
Coppell (TX)
Crean Lutheran (CA)
Cupertino (CA)
Cypress Bay (FL)
Cypress Falls (TX)
Cypress Independent (TX)
Cypress Woods (TX)
Decatur (GA)
Denver East (CO)
Diamond Bar (CA)
Dougherty Valley (CA)
Dr Phillips (FL)
Dripping Springs (TX)
DSST Byers (CO)
DTHS (LA)
Dublin (CA)
Dulles (TX)
Durango (CO)
Durham Academy (NC)
Dwight Englewood (NJ)
Eagan (MN)
Eden Prairie (MN)
Edgemont (NY)
Edina (MN)
Edmond North (OK)
Elkins (TX)
Evergreen Valley (CA)
Fairmont Prep (CA)
Fairview (CO)
Flintridge Prep (CA)
Flower Mound (TX)
Fort Lauderdale (FL)
Freehold Township (NJ)
Fremont (CA)
Fullerton Union (CA)
Garland (TX)
Geffen (CA)
George Washington (CO)
Golden State Academy (CA)
Grapevine (TX)
Green River (WY)
Greenhill (TX)
Guyer (TX)
H S Two (CA)
Hamilton (AZ)
Harker (CA)
Harrison (NY)
Harvard Westlake (CA)
Hawken (OH)
Hebron (TX)
Heights (TX)
Hempstead (IA)
Highland (ID)
Holy Cross (LA)
Holy Ghost (PA)
Homestead (WI)
Honor (CA)
Houston Memorial (TX)
Hunter College (NY)
Immaculate Heart (CA)
Indian Springs (AL)
Interlake (WA)
Iowa City West (IA)
Irma Rangel YWLS (TX)
Irvington (CA)
Isidore Newman (LA)
Jackson (WY)
James Bowie (TX)
James Logan (CA)
Jenks (OK)
Jordan (TX)
Joshi Plat (MN)
Keller (TX)
Kelly Walsh (WY)
Kenston (OH)
Kent Denver (CO)
King (FL)
La Salle College (PA)
Lake Highland (FL)
Lake Oswego Senior (OR)
Lakeville (MN)
Lander Valley (WY)
Langham Creek (TX)
Lassiter (GA)
LC Anderson (TX)
LD Bell (TX)
Leland (CA)
Lexington (MA)
LHP (FL)
Liberty (OH)
Lincoln (OR)
Lincoln East (NE)
Lincoln North Star (NE)
Lincoln Southeast (NE)
Lincoln Southwest (NE)
Little Rock Central (AR)
Littleton (CO)
Livingston (NJ)
LNU (CA)
Los Altos (CA)
Lovejoy (TX)
Loveless Academic Magnet Program (AL)
Loyola (CA)
Loyola Blakefield (MD)
Lubbock (TX)
Lynbrook (CA)
Mahtomedi (MN)
Marcus (TX)
Marlboro (NJ)
Marlborough (CA)
Marquette University (WI)
Martin Luther King (CA)
Martinsburg (WV)
McDowell (PA)
McMillen (TX)
McNeil (TX)
Mercer Island (WA)
Midlothian (TX)
Midtown (GA)
Millard North (NE)
Millard South (NE)
Millburn (NJ)
Milpitas (CA)
Milton Academy (MA)
Minnetonka (MN)
Mission San Jose (CA)
Mission Vista (CA)
ModernBrain (CA)
Monta Vista (CA)
Montgomery (NJ)
Montgomery Academy (AL)
Montville (NJ)
MOORE (OK)
Mount Pleasant (TX)
Mount Vernon (WA)
Mountain House (CA)
Mountain View (AZ)
Nashua South (NH)
Needham (MA)
Neenah (WI)
New Trier (IL)
Newark Science (NJ)
Newman Smith (TX)
Newport (WA)
Newtown (CT)
North Allegheny (PA)
North Mecklenburg (NC)
Northern Valley (NJ)
Northland Christian (TX)
Northview (GA)
Northwood (CA)
Notre Dame San Jose (CA)
Nova Academy (CA)
NSU (FL)
NSU University School (FL)
OA Independent (CA)
Oak Ridge (CA)
Ogando Independent (XX)
Olathe East (KS)
Olympia (FL)
Omaha Central (NE)
Orange County School Of The Arts (CA)
Orange Lutheran (CA)
Oregon Episcopal School (OR)
Oxford (CA)
Park City (UT)
Parkway (LA)
Pasadena (TX)
Peachtree Ridge (GA)
Peninsula (CA)
Perry (AZ)
Phillips Exeter (NH)
Pine View (FL)
Plano East (TX)
Plano Independent (TX)
Plano West (TX)
Pocatello (ID)
Portola (CA)
Presentation (CA)
Princeton (NJ)
Proof (CA)
Prospect (CA)
Providence (NC)
Ramsay (AL)
Redlands (CA)
Ridge (NJ)
Ridge Point (TX)
Riverwood (GA)
Rock Springs (WY)
Roeper School (MI)
Rosemount (MN)
Round Rock (TX)
Royse City (TX)
Sage (CA)
Salado (TX)
Sam Barlow (OR)
Sammamish (WA)
San Angelo Central (TX)
San Mateo (CA)
Sandra Day Oconnor Independent (TX)
Saratoga (CA)
Scarsdale (NY)
Scripps Ranch (CA)
Sequoia (CA)
Sequoyah (GA)
Seven Lakes (TX)
Sharon (MA)
Shawnee Mission South (KS)
Sidwell (DC)
Silver Creek (CA)
Sky View (UT)
SLC West (UT)
Solebury (PA)
South Eugene (OR)
Southlake Carroll (TX)
Springfield Catholic (MO)
St Agnes (TX)
St Croix Prep (MN)
St Josephs (WV)
St Michael Albertville (MN)
St Thomas Aquinas (KS)
Stanford OHS (CA)
Stockdale (CA)
Strake Jesuit (TX)
Stratford (TX)
Strath Haven (PA)
Stuyvesant (NY)
Summit (NJ)
Syosset (NY)
Taft (CA)
Taravella (FL)
Tays (TX)
Tempe Prep (AZ)
Test School (AL)
Teurlings Catholic (LA)
Texas Academy Of Mathematics And Science (TX)
The Meadows (NV)
The Woodlands (TX)
Thomas Jefferson (VA)
Thunder Basin (WY)
Tom Glenn (TX)
Traber Robinson McLoughlin (MN)
Trinity Prep (FL)
Troy (CA)
Troy Independent (CA)
Tuloso Midway (TX)
Union (OK)
Unionville (PA)
University (CA)
Valley (IA)
Valley International (CA)
Valor Christian (CO)
Vandegrift (TX)
Verona Area (WI)
Vestavia Hills (AL)
Village (TX)
Walt Whitman (MD)
Wenatchee (WA)
West Broward (FL)
West Des Moines Valley (IA)
West Ranch (CA)
West Windsor Plainsboro North (NJ)
Westford (MA)
Westlake (TX)
Weston Erdmann (MN)
Westridge School (CA)
Westside (TX)
Westwood (TX)
Wichita East (KS)
William B Travis (TX)
William G Enloe (NC)
William P Clements (TX)
William Walker Indepedent (TX)
William Walker Independent (TX)
Wilson (DC)
Windward (CA)
Winston Churchill (TX)
Wyoming Virtual Academy (WY)
Yerba Buena (CA)
Yorktown (VA)
Youth Voices (IL)